System and method for removing fats, greases and petroleum substances from metal components

Abstract

In a system for removing impurities, including fats, greases and petroleum substances, from metal elements, having a set of devices formed in the form of a production line (2) and including a dosage device (20) for transporting impure metal elements (15), and a shredding device (30), in the production line (2) for removing fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances and other impurities from impure metal elements (15), downstream the shredding device (30), there is a mixing device (60) with a tank (61) moving at least rotationally in relation to its own longitudinal axis (66), preceded in the production line (2) by a dosage-powdering device (20) transporting a degreasing material (45), and a dosage-transporting device (50) transporting a wiping material (55). Furthermore, in the production line for removing fats, greases and petroleum substances from metal elements, downstream the mixing device (60), there is a separating device for separating purified metal elements (75) from a mixture (77) containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances.

Description

[0001] According to the preamble of claim 1, the present invention relates to a system for removing impurities, including fats, greases and petroleum substances from metal elements. According to the preamble of claim 15, the present invention also relates to a method for removing impurities, including fats, greases and petroleum substances from metal elements, in particular from metal scrap elements.

[0002] Due to the ever-increasing demand for natural resources, metal recovery and recycling are crucial in view of the shrinking resources of certain metals, as well as contribute to reduction of negative environmental impacts by reducing demand for their extraction and thus reducing landscape degradation or water and air pollution. Moreover, metal recycling is more energy efficient than its production, which not only reduces costs, but also reduces environmental pollution with scrap generated at the end of the life of machinery and equipment used in different production processes and / or in everyday life.

[0003] Metals, especially iron, in manufacturing processes often need to be covered with grease or oil to protect parts from corrosion or to reduce friction between the cooperating elements.

[0004] Unfortunately, in the course of recycling an important element of the process is the re-melting of metal, but grease or oil covering such metal under the influence of high temperature burns emitting environmentally harmful compounds, so it is advisable to degrease such elements before re-melting the metal.

[0005] Publication of Chinese Utility Design Application No. CN 217997346 U titled "Device for removing oil wax from metal" discloses a device for removing oil and wax from metal, using many successive tanks with different solvents or other liquids such as water, using additional devices such as ultrasonic vibrating plates, high pressure air blasts or furnaces allowing for purifying of metal elements. However, this process of metal purification is very time-consuming and energy-intensive, which affects the entire operation.

[0006] US Patent Publication No. US 3,817,697 A titled "Rotary kiln for metal chip degreasing" represents in turn a pipe-shaped rotary furnace inside of which a burner is located to heat impure metal chips. The burner has fuel outlets distributed over the entire length of the furnace. The fuel-to-air ratio shall be adjusted so that there is no excess air in the furnace to burn the oil coating on metal chips. This way greases are pyrolysed in a reducing atmosphere during which water and greases are evaporated and removed from the furnace along with outlet gases that pollute the environment.

[0007] Another Publication of Chinese Utility Design Application No. CN 220405754 U titled "Waste metal recycling device" describes a metal scrap recycling and degreasing device in which elements are shredded and sifted on a vibration table, where metal elements are separated from impurities such as sand, while degreasing involves mixing the shredded elements in a tank filled with a degreaser and then high-pressure washing of metal elements with water. This is another solution mainly based on the use of solvents and water cleaning, leading to water contamination and the necessity of water treatment.

[0008] The equipment and methods for degreasing metal scrap described above are in fact costly and complex, requiring the use of specialised solvents and large amounts of water that gets impure during the degreasing process. However, possible methods for cleaning insulation are very energy-expensive and also require the use of advanced and energy-intensive technologies to carry them out.

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to propose a method and system for the purification and degreasing of metal elements, in particular metal scrap, in order to eliminate the use of harmful chemicals in the form of solvents, as well as to avoid water contamination, and to allow for the easy recovery of raw materials used in the process of cleaning and degreasing metal scrap.

[0010] The objective was achieved according to the invention, on the one hand with a system having the features of claim 1 and, on the other hand, with a method having the features of claim 15. Beneficial embodiments of the invention are set out in the relevant dependent claims.

[0011] A system according to the invention for removing impurities, including fats, greases and petroleum substances, from metal elements, having a set of devices formed in a form of a production line for removing fats, greases and petroleum substances from metal elements and comprising a dosage device for transporting impure metal elements and a shredding device with a chamber having an inlet, through which metal elements impure with at least fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances are fed to the chamber, as well as an outlet, through which impure metal elements exit after their shredding, characterised by the fact that in the production line for removing fats, greases and petroleum substances from the impure metal elements, downstream the shredding device, there are a mixing device with a tank moving at least rotationally in relation to its own longitudinal axis, preceded in the production line by a dosage-powdering device, transporting a degreasing material, and a dosage-transporting device, transporting a wiping material, having an inlet designed to receive shredded impure metal elements with loose degreasing material and loose wiping material, wherein in the mixing device, under the influence of the relative movement of shredded impure metal elements with degreasing material and wiping material in the tank of the mixing device caused by at least the rotational movement of the tank of the mixing device, removing fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances from metal elements takes place, and having an outlet, through which the purified metal elements and the mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances are removed, wherein in the production line for removing fats, greases and petroleum substances from metal elements, downstream the mixing device, there is a separating device which separates the purified metal elements from the mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances.

[0012] Preferably, the separating device, which separates the purified metal elements from the mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances, is a sifter containing at least one sieve, onto which the mixture containing purified metal elements and degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances is fed or transported, wherein the elements of the wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances, in particular the shredded plastic and / or rubber elements, and / or sawdust, or a mixture thereof, have a grain size smaller by at least 0,1 mm than the mesh size of the sieve measured in one straight plane at a right angle, and the purified metal elements have a grain size greater by at least 0,1 mm than the mesh size of the sieve measured in one straight plane at a right angle.

[0013] It turned out to be particularly beneficial when the separating device, which separates the purified metal elements from the mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances, is a single-sieve sifter, having an inlet designed to receive the mixture containing purified metal elements, degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances, and having a housing, inside of which, transverse to the movement path of purified metal elements and mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances, a sieve is located to separate the purified metal elements from the mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or sprouts, and having at least two outlets, through one outlet of which the purified metal elements exit, and trough the other outlet the mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances exits.

[0014] Furthermore, the separating device, which separates the purified metal elements from the mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances, is a multi-sieve sifter, having an inlet designed to receive the mixture containing purified metal elements, degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances, and having a housing, inside of which, transverse to the movement path of purified metal elements and mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances, sieves with eccentric mechanisms causing non-vibratory reciprocal movement of the sieves are located, inclined downwards from the horizontal when looking towards the outlet and their lowest fragment is located at the outlets, wherein the purified metal elements exit the sifter through the outlet, and the wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances and other impurities exits the sifter through the outlet, and the degreasing material, used entirely or partially, and containing fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances and other impurities, for example dust, exits the sifter through the outlet.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the separating device, which separates the purified metal elements from the mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances, is an eddy current separator containing a housing with side walls, between which a belt conveyor with a turning drum and a belt is mounted, onto which the mixture containing purified metal elements, degreasing material and wiping material is delivered, wherein in the falling zone of the mixture containing purified metal elements, degreasing material and wiping material from the belt conveyor a high-speed magnetic rotor is located which produces variable high-frequency magnetic field that induces eddy currents in metals, wherein, due to the flow of eddy currents in metals, a secondary magnetic field is created opposite to the magnetic field of the magnetic rotor, and the interaction between the secondary magnetic field and the magnetic field of the rotor results in the formation of a repulsive Lorentz force, which causes pushing the purified metal elements out of the transport stream of the mixture containing the purified metal elements, degreasing material and wiping material, wherein the purified metal elements bounce off the shield and are directed to the container of the set of containers, and the mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances and other impurities, separated from the purified metal elements, falls down from the belt under its own weight and is placed in the container of the set of containers.

[0016] Furthermore, the separating device, which separates the purified metal elements from the mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances, is an air separator containing a housing with side walls between which the belt conveyor with a turning drum and a belt is mounted, onto which the purified metal elements and the mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material are delivered, wherein, along the movement path of the stream of mixture containing purified metal elements, degreasing material and wiping material, there is an outlet of the air flow produced by the air blower and directed transversely towards the stream of mixture containing purified metal elements, degreasing material and wiping material, wherein the air flow divides the stream of purified metal elements and a mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material into the stream of heavy purified metal elements moving closer to the outlet of the air flow produced by the air blower, and the stream of mixture containing light degreasing material and wiping material moving further from the outlet of the air flow generated by the blower and lighter than the purified metal elements.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the degreasing material dosage-powdering device is equipped with a first dispenser of the degreasing material and a scale of the dispensed degreasing material, while the wiping material dosage-transporting device is equipped with a second dispenser of the wiping material and a scale of the wiping material, while the metal elements dosage device is equipped with a scale of the metal elements.

[0018] While the degreasing material may be calcium carbonate and / or talc and / or coal fines and / or bird feathers or a mixture thereof, while the wiping material may be shredded plastic and / or rubber elements, and / or sawdust, or a mixture thereof.

[0019] Preferably, per 1000,0 kg of metal elements to be purified and degreased, the loose degreasing material is used in a quantity selected from the range of 15,0 kg to 70,0 kg, and the loose wiping material is used in a quantity selected from the range of 150,0 kg to 700,0 kg.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the tank of the mixing device is a solid of revolution containing a cylinder and / or a truncated cone and positioned pivotably on a fixed joint, thanks to which, in addition to the rotational movement, the tank can make swinging movements around the fixed joint, so that the longitudinal axis of the tank can be positioned at different angles to the horizontal.

[0021] Furthermore, the idea of the invention is a method for removing fine impurities, including fats, greases and petroleum substances, from metal elements with the system containing a set of devices formed as a production line for removing fats, greases and petroleum substances from metal elements, comprising steps of: pouring impure metal elements into the chamber of the shredding device, located in the production line for removing fats, greases and petroleum substances from metal elements, through the inlet of the shredding device, shredding impure metal elements to elements the largest dimension of which is not more than 40,0 cm, characterised by the following steps: transporting the shredded impure metal elements through the outlet of the shredding device into the tank of the mixing device after powdering with loose degreasing material and loose wiping material or without powdering with loose degreasing material and loose wiping material, mixing, after prior adding to the tank of the mixing device, loose degreasing material and loose wiping material, in case the shredded impure metal elements were not sprinkled with the loose degreasing material and the loose wiping material, shredded impure metal elements, the loose degreasing material, and the loose wiping material, after causing the tank of the mixing device to at least rotationally move in relation to its own longitudinal axis, in which tank, under the influence of the relative movement of shredded impure metal elements and the mixture of loose degreasing material and loose wiping material, impurities, including fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances, are removed from the metal elements, transporting the mixture containing purified metal elements, degreasing material, wiping material, fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances from the mixing tank to the separating device, separating, with a separating device, the purified metal elements from the mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances, and removing, from the separating device, the purified metal elements separated from the mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances.

[0022] A particular advantage of the solution according to the invention compared to known solutions is that the process of cleaning and degreasing metal elements does not use expensive or harmful solvents, as well as water which should then be treated. Furthermore, the system according to the invention is uncomplicated in construction, cheap in use and very effective in cleaning metal elements from impurities, including fats, greases and petroleum substances.

[0023] Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will be evident from the description below, in reference to the attached schematic drawings, which are presented in a manner that does not restrict embodiments of the invention. Fig. 1 shows schematically an embodiment of a system for removing impurities, including fats, greases and petroleum substances, from metal elements according to the invention; Fig. 2 shows schematically an another embodiment of the system for removing impurities, including fats, greases and petroleum substances, from metal elements according to the invention; Fig. 3 shows schematically a multi-sieve sifter; Fig. 4 shows schematically an eddy current separator; Fig. 5 shows schematically an air separator; Fig. 6A, 6B, 6C and 6D show a diagram of a method for removing impurities from metal elements; Fig. 7 shows a photograph of unshredded metal elements with impurities, including fats, greases and petroleum substances; Fig. 8 shows a photograph of shredded metal elements with impurities, including fats, greases and petroleum substances; Fig. 9 shows a photograph of a fragment of a sieve of a separator or a siftering device; and Fig. 10 shows a photograph of shredded purified metal elements.

[0024] Fig. 1 shows schematically an embodiment of a system 1 according to the invention for removing impurities, including fats, greases and petroleum substances, from metal elements 15 in a form of an assembly of devices formed as a production line 2 for removing fats, greases and petroleum substances from metal elements, which, in the simplest form, comprises a shredding device 30 for shredding impure metal elements 15 fed from a dosage device 20, a dosage-powdering device 40 for dosage shredded metal elements 35 and powdering them with loose degreasing material 45, a dosage-transporting device 50 for dosage and transporting loose wiping material 55, a mixing device 60, and a separating device, for example a sifter 70, all generally called devices. Metal elements 15 subjected to purifying and degreasing are steel ropes, as well as scrapped metal elements of machinery, equipment and vehicles. The loose degreasing material 45 in one of the embodiments is calcium carbonate, commonly referred to as chalk, and / or talc and / or coal fines and / or bird feathers, or a mixture thereof containing two or more of the said ingredients, the grain size of which, that is of a single element of the loose material, in an embodiment is not more than 0.5 mm. In an embodiment, per 1000,0 kg of metal elements 15 to be purified and degreased, 15,0 kg of loose degreasing material 45 is added, and in another embodiment, per 1000,0 kg of metal elements 15 to be purified and degreased, 70,0 kg of loose degreasing material 45 is added. In yet another embodiment, per 1000,0 kg of metal elements 15 to be purified and degreased, there is an amount of loose degreasing material 45 selected from the range of 15,0 kg to 70,0 kg, preferably from 16.0 kg to 60,0 kg of loose degreasing material 45. The lower range limits shall apply to metal elements 15 with a contamination of 30,0 kg of grease per 1000,0 kg of metal elements 15 to be purified and degreased. The loose wiping material 55 in an embodiment is shredded plastic and / or rubber elements, and / or sawdust, or a mixture thereof containing two or more of the said elements, the sizes of which, measured at a right angle in one plane in an embodiment, are selected from the range of 1.6 mm to 10,0 mm. It is advisable that the shredded plastic and / or rubber elements, and / or sawdust, or a mixture thereof had grains smaller than two dimensions of sieve meshes measured in one plane at a right angle, in case of sifters the separating elements of which are sieves. In particular, in case of sieve sifters, the shredded plastic and / or rubber elements, and / or sawdust, or a mixture thereof has grains, that is individual elements, smaller by at least 0,1 mm than the mesh size of the sieve measured in one plane at a right angle. In particular, in case of sieves, purified metal elements have grains, that is individual elements, greater by at least 0,1 mm than the mesh size of the sieve measured in one plane at a right angle. For example, in case of a sieve with a mesh size of 1,7 mm x 15,0 mm, it is advisable that the purified metal wire had a diameter of 1,8 mm and the grains, that is individual elements, of plastic had dimensions of 1,6 mm measured in one plane at a right angle. In another embodiment of the invention, it is possible to grind metal elements and to add loose degreasing material and loose wiping material with dimensions that are experimentally defined in such a way as to completely remove impurities, including fats, greases and petroleum substances, and other impurities, such as sand, from metal elements 15.

[0025] In an embodiment, per 1000,0 kg of metal elements 15 to be purified and degreased, 150,0 kg of loose wiping material 55 is added, and in another embodiment, per 1000,0 kg of metal elements 15 to be purified and degreased, 700,0 kg of loose wiping material 55 is added. In yet another embodiment, per 1000,0 kg of metal elements 15 to be purified and degreased, loose wiping material 55 is used in a quantity selected from the range of 150,0 kg to 700,0 kg, preferably from 160,0 kg to 600,0 kg, of loose wiping material 55. In another embodiment of the invention, it is possible to add loose degreasing material 45 and loose wiping material 55 in other quantities, which are determined experimentally in such a way as to completely remove impurities, including fats, greases and petroleum substances, and other impurities, such as sand, from metal elements 15.

[0026] The term "production line" according to this invention means a combination of devices which are grouped or sorted according to the sequence of technological operations and on which technological operations are carried out and / or activities relating to a particular product or products which are moved from one working station and / or device to another working station and / or device.

[0027] The shredding device 30 in the embodiment schematically presented in Fig. 1 has a shredding chamber 32 with a grinder 34 located in a housing 31 and powered by a drive 33. The shredding device 30 has a filling or dropping opening 38 communicated with the dosage device 20, from which metal elements 15 impure with various substances, including fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances, are fed into the shredding chamber 32. The shredding device 30 also has an outlet 39 through which the shredded impure metal elements 35 resulting from the shredding exit.

[0028] In the production line 2 for removing fats, greases and petroleum substances from metal elements, downstream the shredding device 30, there is the mixing device 60 with a tank 61, powered by a drive 62, moving at least rotationally around its own longitudinal axis 66, and an inlet 68, designed to feed shredded impure metal elements 35 with a degreasing material 45 and a wiping material 55 into the tank 61. In one of the solutions, the tank 61 can additionally change its inclination relative to the horizontal. The rotational movement of the tank 61 of the mixing device 60 causes the relative displacement of shredded impure metal elements 35 sprinkled with the degreasing material 45 and the wiping material 55, under influence of which fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances and other impurities are removed from the shredded metal elements 35. Unexpectedly it turned out that fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances and other impurities have lower adhesion to metal elements sprinkled with degreasing material than to wiping material, thus purified metal elements mixed with a mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances and other impurities, such as sand, are obtained in the tank 61. The mixing device 60 also has an outlet 69 through which purified metal elements and a mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances are removed.

[0029] In the production line 2 for removing fats, greases and petroleum substances from metal elements, downstream the mixing device 60, there is a single-sieve sifter 70 being a device separating purified metal elements 75 from mixture 77 containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances, and having an inlet 78 designed to receive purified metal elements and a mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances, and having a housing 71 inside of which, transverse to the path 74 of movement of the purified metal elements and the mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances, at least one sieve 73 is located, to separate the purified metal elements from the mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances. The sifter 70 in the housing has at least two outlets 76, 79, wherein through one outlet 76 the purified metal elements 75 exit, sliding down the sieve 73, and through another outlet 79 the mixture 77 sown through sieve 73 and containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances and other impurities exits.

[0030] In one of the embodiments, movement of the sieve 73 is caused by the eccentric mechanism 72, thanks to which the sieve 73 moves with a non-vibratory reciprocating movement. The sieve 73 in an embodiment is inclined downwards from the horizontal when looking towards the outlet, and its lowest fragment is located at the outlet through which the purified metal elements 75 exit the sifter 70.

[0031] Fig. 2 schematically shows another embodiment of a system 101 for removing fats, greases and petroleum substances from metal elements according to the invention, which, like the system 1 shown in Fig. 1, comprises a shredding device 130 for shredding impure metal elements 15, fed from the dosage device 20, the dosage-powdering device 40 for dosage and powdering the shredded metal elements 35 with degreasing material 45, the dosage-transporting device 50 for dosage and transporting the wiping material 55, the mixing device 60, and the sifter 70. The difference between the system 1 shown in Fig. 1 and the system 101 shown in Fig. 2 is that the system 101 shown in Fig. 2 furthermore comprises a transporting assembly 10 with a tray 11 for impure metal elements 15 and a conveyor 12 powered by a first drive 14. Impure metal elements 15 to be purified and degreased are transported to a feeder 21 of the dosage device 20 for dosage impure metal elements driven by a second drive 23. The dosage device 20 for dosage impure metal elements also has a scale 22 communicated by information line 27 with the first drive 14, which operates based on readings and settings of the scale 22 of the dosage device 20, thereby certain amounts of impure metal elements 15 are transported to the shredding device 130.

[0032] The shredding device 130 in the embodiment schematically shown in Fig. 2, as well as the shredding device 30 shown in Fig. 1, has a shredding chamber 32 with a grinder, except that in this embodiment it is a two-shaft grinder 134, located in a housing 31 and powered by a drive 33. The shredding device 130 has a filling opening 38 communicated with the dosage device 20, from which the metal elements 15 impure with impurities, including fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances, after shredding are fed into the shredding chamber 32. The shredding device 130 has an initial sieve 37, thanks to which only elements the largest dimension of which is not more than 20,0 cm in one case and in other case not more than 30,0 cm, preferably not more than 25,0 cm, are directed to the outlet 39 through which the shredded impure metal elements 35 resulting from the shredding exit. Shredded impure metal elements 35, as in case of the system 1 represented in Fig. 1, are transported through the inlet 68 to the tank 61 of the mixing device 60, powered by a drive 62 containing a motor 63 and a gearbox 64 and moving at least rotationally around its own longitudinal axis 66. In an embodiment, the tank 61 of the mixing device 60 is a solid of revolution containing a cylinder and / or a truncated cone and positioned pivotably on a fixed joint 67, thanks to which the tank 61, in addition to rotational movement, can make swinging movements around the fixed joint 67, thanks to which the longitudinal axis 66 of the tank 61 can be positioned at different angles to the horizontal. The longitudinal axis 66 of the tank 61, in an embodiment, is set to an angle that takes values from the range of 10° to 80°. In an embodiment, the tank 61 of the mixing device 60 has the widest diameter of 1,0 m, in another one 4,0 mm, and in another one it has a diameter selected from the range of 1,0 m to 4,0 m. The length of the tank 61 measured along the longitudinal axis 66 in an embodiment is 1,2 m, in another one it is 8,0 mm, and in another one it has a length selected from the range of 1,2 m to 8,0 m. From the inside, on the side wall of the tank 61, in an embodiment, ribs are located extending sectionally from the inlet 68 to the outlet 69. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the tank 61 rotates with a rotational speed of 1 rpm, and in another one 20,0 rpm, and in another one it has a rotational speed selected from the range of 1 rpm to 20,0 rpm.

[0033] System 101 for removing impurities, including fats, greases and petroleum substances, from metal elements in the embodiment schematically shown in Fig. 2, compared to the system from Fig. 1, furthermore comprises a second scale 44 of dispensed degreasing material 45 coupled with a feeder 43 and communicated via an information line 47 with a first dispenser 42, for example a screw dispenser that operates based on readings and settings of the scale 44 of dosage-powdering device 40, thereby certain amounts of the degreasing material 45 are delivered from a first container 41 of the dosage-powdering device 40 to the tank 61 of the mixing device 60.

[0034] System 101 for removing impurities, including fats, greases and petroleum substances, from metal elements in the embodiment schematically shown in Fig. 2, compared to the system from Fig. 1, additionally comprises a third scale 54 of dispensed wiping material 55 coupled with a feeder 53 and communicated via an information line 57 with a second dispenser 52, for example a screw dispenser that operates based on readings and settings of the scale 54 of the dosage-transporting device 50, thereby certain amounts of the wiping material 55 are delivered from a second container 51 of the dosage-transporting device 50 to the tank 61 of the mixing device 60.

[0035] In the production line 102 for removing impurities, including fats, greases and petroleum substances, from metal elements, downstream the mixing device 60, there is a single-sieve sifter 70 having the housing 71 inside of which, transverse to the path 74 of movement of the purified metal elements and the mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances, identical with the sifter in the system 1 from Fig. 1, with the sieve 73 and the inlet 78 so positioned that a mixture 65 containing purified metal elements, degreasing material and wiping material is transported from the outlet 69 of the mixing device 60. As a result of the reciprocating movement of the sieve 73 caused by the eccentric mechanism 72, the coarse fraction in the form of purified and degreased metal elements 75 sliding down the sieve 73 is separated from the fine fraction, which is the degreasing material, used entirely or partially, and the wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances and other impurities, used entirely or partially. Downstream the single-sieve sifter 70, according to the sequence of technological operations, there is a set 80 of conveyors 83, 84, for example belt conveyors, and displaceable containers 81, 82, in which purified metal elements 75 exit through the outlet 76 and a mixture 77 sown through the sieve 73 and exit through the outlet 79 and containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances and other impurities are collected.

[0036] In yet another embodiment of the system according to the invention for removing greases, lubricants and petroleum substances from metal elements, a multi-sieve sifter 170 which is shown in Fig. 3, has two sieves 73, 173 placed in a housing. The inlet 78 is so positioned that purified or cleaned metal elements and a mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material are transported from the mixing device 60, wherein at the top sieve 73 positioned above the bottom sieve 173, the purified and degreased metal elements 75 are moving along the path 74 and are separated from the mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material with greases and / or lubricants and / or petroleum substances and other impurities and exit the sifter 170 through the outlet 76. At the bottom sieve 173, in turn, the mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material with greases and / or lubricants and / or petroleum substances and other impurities is separated into further fractions, the smallest fraction of which is degreasing material 177, used entirely or partially, and containing greases and / or lubricants and / or petroleum substances and other impurities, for example sand, and the intermediate fraction of which is wiping material 175 with greases and / or lubricants and / or petroleum substances and other impurities. In one example of the embodiment, movement of the sieve 73, 173 is triggered by the micro-environment mechanisms 72, 172, thanks to which sieves 73, 173 move in the non-vibratory movement. The sieves 73, 173 in the embodiment shown in Fig. 3 are inclined downwards relative to the horizontal when looking towards the outlet, and their lowest fragment is located at the outlet. Through the outlet opening 76, purified metal elements 75 are extracted from the sifter 170, through the outlet 176, wiping material 175 with fats and / or lubricants and / or petroleum substances and other impurities is extracted from the sifter 170, and degreasing material 177 used wholly or partially and containing fats and / or lubricants and / or petroleum substances and other impurities, such as dust, is extracted from the sifter 170 through the outlet opening 79. The multi-sieve sifter 170 being a device separating purified metal elements 75 from mixture 77 containing degreasing material and wiping material with greases and / or lubricants and / or petroleum substances and shown in Fig. 3 can be both a part of the system for removing greases, lubricants and petroleum substances from metal elements shown in Fig. 1 and a part of the system for removing greases, lubricants and petroleum substances from metal elements shown in Fig. 2.

[0037] In yet another embodiment of the system according to the invention for removing greases, lubricants and petroleum substances from metal elements, the multi-sieve sifter 170 which is shown in Fig. 3, has two sieves 73, 173 and an inlet 78 so positioned that the mixture 65 containing purified metal elements, degreasing material and wiping material is transported from the mixing device 60, wherein at the top sieve 73 positioned above the bottom sieve 173 purified and degreased metal elements 75 are separated from a mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material with greases and / or lubricants and / or petroleum substances and other impurities and exit the sifter 170 through the outlet 76. At the bottom sieve 173, in turn, a mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material with greases and / or lubricants and / or petroleum substances and other impurities is separated into further fractions, the smallest fraction of which is degreasing material 177, used entirely or partially, and containing greases and / or lubricants and / or petroleum substances and other impurities, for example sand, and the intermediate fraction of which is wiping material 175 with greases and / or lubricants and / or petroleum substances and other impurities. In one embodiment, movement of the sieve 73, 173 is triggered by the micro-environment mechanisms 72, 172, thanks to which the sieves 73, 173 move the non-vibratory movement. The sieves 73, 173 in the embodiment shown in Fig. 3 are inclined downwards relative to the horizontal when looking towards the outlet and their lowest fragment is located at the outlet. Through the outlet opening 76, purified metal elements 75 are extracted from the sifter 170, through the outlet 176 wiping material 175 with fats and / or lubricants and / or petroleum substances and other impurities is extracted from the sifter 170, and degreasing material 177 used wholly or partially and containing fats and / or lubricants and / or petroleum substances and other impurities, such as dust, is extracted from the sifter 170 through the outlet 79. The multi-sieve sifter 170 shown in Fig. 3 can be both a part of the system for removing greases, lubricants and petroleum substances from metal elements shown in Fig. 1, as well as a part of the system for removing greases, lubricants and petroleum substances from metal elements shown in Fig. 2.

[0038] In yet another embodiment of the system according to the invention for removing greases, lubricants and petroleum substances from metal elements, the sieve or sieves of which are shown in Fig. 1-3, under the uppermost sieve or under all the sieves, there is an air blower, not shown in the figures, which directs the air flow from the bottom to under the sieves, and above the uppermost sieve there is a nozzle, not shown in the figures, which sucks air from above the sieves together with light impurities, which helps to separate the purified metal elements from the mixture of impurities, particularly dust.

[0039] In yet another embodiment of the system according to the invention for removing greases, lubricants and petroleum substances from metal elements, the separating device that separates purified metal elements and a mixture containing degreasing material and fraction wiping material is an eddy current separator 270 shown in Fig. 4 containing a housing 271 with side walls 272, one of which is not shown in the figure to facilitate the description of the eddy current separator 270 and its principles of operation. In the housing 271, in particular between the side walls 272, there is a belt conveyor 275 with a turning drum 273 and a belt 276 onto which purified metal elements and the mixture 65 containing degreasing material and wiping material are delivered. In the falling zone of the purified metal elements and the mixture 65 containing the degreasing material and wiping material, a magnetic rotor 279 is located that rotates at high speed, which produces a variable high-frequency magnetic field that induces strong eddy currents in metals. As a result of the current flow in metals, a secondary magnetic field is created opposite to the magnetic field of the magnetic rotor. The interaction of the secondary magnetic field and the magnetic field of the rotor results in the formation of a repulsive Lorentz force, which causes pushing the purified metal elements 75 out of the transportation stream of the purified metal elements and the mixture 65 containing degreasing material and wiping material. The purified metal elements 75 bounce off the shield 277 and are directed to a container 282 of the set of containers 280, and mixture 77 containing degreasing material and wiping material with greases and / or lubricants and / or petroleum substances and other impurities, separated from the purified metal elements falls off belt 276 under its own weight and is placed in a container 281 of the set of containers 280.

[0040] In an extended version of the system according to the invention for removing greases, lubricants and petroleum substances from metal elements, the separating device that separates purified metal elements and the mixture 65 containing degreasing material and wiping material into fractions, shown in Fig. 4, is an eddy current separator 270 equipped with an air blower, not shown in the figure, which produces an air flow directed to the belt 276 of the conveyor belt 275 from the bottom, which supports the separation of mixture 77 containing degreasing material and wiping material with greases and / or lubricants and / or petroleum substances and other impurities from purified metal elements 75 by blowing the mixture 77 off the purified metal elements 75.

[0041] In another embodiment of the system according to the invention for removing greases, lubricants and petroleum substances from metal elements, the separating device that separates purified metal elements and mixture 65 containing degreasing material and fraction wiping material is an air separator 370 shown in Fig. 5 and containing a housing 371 with side walls 372, one of which is not represented in the figure to facilitate the description of the air separator 370 and its principles of operation. In the housing 371, particularly between side walls 372, is fitted a belt conveyor 375 with a turning drum 373 and a tape 376, to which purified metal elements and the mixture 65 containing degreasing material and wiping material are supplied. Along the movement path of the stream of purified metal elements and mixture 65 containing the degreasing material and wiping material, there is an outlet 378 of the air flow produced by the air blower 374 and directed transversely to the direction of the stream of purified metal elements and mixture 65 containing the degreasing material and wiping material. The air flow divides the stream of purified metal elements and mixture 65 containing the degreasing material and wiping material into the stream of heavier purified metal elements 75 moving closer to the outlet 378 of the air flow produced by the air blower 374 and the stream of the mixture 77 containing the degreasing material and the wiping material moving further from the outlet 378 of the air flow produced by the air blower 374 and lighter than the metal elements 75. In one of the embodiments, the separation of the purified metal elements 75 from the mixture 77 containing degreasing material and wiping material is carried out additionally with a separator 377. Purified metal elements 75 are directed to a container 382 of the set of containers 380 and the mixture 77 containing degreasing material and wiping material with greases and / or lubricants and / or petroleum substances and other impurities is directed to a container 381 of the set of containers 380.

[0042] In an extended version of the system according to the invention for removing greases, lubricants and petroleum substances from metal elements, the separating device that separates purified metal elements and mixture 65 containing degreasing material and wiping material into fractions, shown in Fig. 5, is an air separator 370 equipped with an additional air blower and an eccentric system, not shown in the figure. The eccentric system forces the relative movement of purified metal elements and mixture 65 containing degreasing material and wiping material, and the additional air blower produces an air flow directed to the belt 376 of the belt conveyor 375 from bottom, which helps to separate the mixture 77 containing degreasing material and wiping material with greases and / or lubricants and / or petroleum substances and other impurities from the purified metal elements 75 by blowing the mixture 77 off the purified metal elements 75.

[0043] The eddy current separator 270 shown in Fig. 4 and the air separator 370 shown in Fig. 5 are separating devices which separate mixture 77 containing degreasing material and wiping material with greases and / or lubricants and / or petroleum substances and other impurities from purified metal elements 75. The separating devices described above may both be a part of the system for removing greases, lubricants and petroleum substances from the metal elements shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, replacing a single-sieve sifter 70, and a part of the system for removing greases, lubricants and petroleum substances from metal elements 15 shown in Fig. 3, replacing a multi-sieve sifter 170.

[0044] Figs. 6A, 6B, 6C and 6D show a diagram of the method for removing impurities, including greases, lubricants and petroleum substances, from metal elements, in particular from shredded metal scrap elements. The process of removing fine impurities, including greases, lubricants and petroleum substances, from metal elements with a system containing a set of devices formed as a production or process line for removing greases, lubricants and petroleum substances from metal elements starts with pouring, in step 201, impure metal elements 15 into a chamber of shredding device, located in a production or process line for removing greases, lubricants and greases, through an inlet of the shredding device, followed by shredding impure metal elements, in step 202, into elements the largest dimensions of which are not more than 40.0 cm in one case and in other case the largest dimensions of which are not more than 20.0 cm, preferably not more than 25.0 cm in another case, and, in step 203, transporting the shredded impure metal elements into a tank of a mixing device through an outlet of the shredding device after powdering the shredded impure metal elements with degreasing material and wiping material or without prior powdering with degreasing material and wiping material. In step 204, the loose degreasing material is added to the tank, and, in step 205, the loose wiping material is added simultaneously or after delivering the shredded impure metal elements to the tank of the mixing device. In one of the embodiments, adding the loose degreasing material to the tank of the mixing device follows adding the loose wiping material to the tank of the mixing device, and in yet another embodiment, adding the loose degreasing material to the tank of the mixing device takes place simultaneously with adding the loose wiping material to the tank of the mixing device. In the embodiments described above, the shredded impure metal elements are sprinkled with the loose degreasing material and / or loose wiping material when they are being added to the tank of the mixing device and / or are located in the tank of the mixing device. In another embodiment, in step 209, the shredded impure metal elements are additionally pre-sprinkled with loose material, and, in step 210, they are pre-mixed, and next, in step 211, the shredded impure metal elements are sprinkled with loose wiping material, and, in step 212, they are pre-mixed, which is shown in Fig. 6C and Fig. 6D. In one of the embodiments, pre-powdering the shredded impure metal elements with loose material and / or powdering the shredded impure metal elements with loose material and pre-mixing are carried out with mechanical and / or manual tools, such as shovels. In step 206, after prior adding loose degreasing material and loose wiping material to the tank of the mixing device, mixing takes place after causing the tank of the mixing device to at least rotationally move in relation to its own longitudinal axis, in which tank, under the influence of the relative movement of shredded impure metal elements and mixture of loose degreasing material and loose wiping material, impurities, including greases and / or lubricants and / or petroleum substances, are removed from the metal elements. After removing impurities, including greases and / or lubricants and / or petroleum substances, from shredded impure metal elements, in step 207, purified metal elements and the mixture containing degreasing material, wiping material, greases and / or lubricants and / or petroleum substances are transported from the mixing tank to a separating device that separates the purified metal elements from the mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material with greases and / or lubricants and / or petroleum substances. In one of the embodiments, the separating device is a single-sieve sifter shown in Fig. 2, having an inlet and a housing with at least two outlets, inside of which a sieve or a few sieves are located transverse to the movement path of purified metal elements and mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material with greases and / or lubricants and / or petroleum substances. In one of the embodiments, the separating device is a multi-sieve sifter shown in Fig. 3, and in yet another embodiment, the separating device is the eddy current sifter shown in Fig. 4 or the air sifter shown in Fig. 5, in particular a multi-sieve sifter equipped with an eccentric mechanism, generating a reciprocating movement of the belt 376 of the belt conveyor 370. After step 207, in step 208, the purified metal elements 75 are separated from the mixture 77 containing degreasing material and wiping material with greases and / or lubricants and / or petroleum substances by a sieve or sieves of the sifter, and, through the top outlet of the sifter, the purified metal elements 75 are removed, and, through the bottom outlet of the sifter, the mixture 77 containing degreasing material and wiping material with greases and / or lubricants and / or petroleum substances is removed.

[0045] Fig. 7 shows a photograph of the unshredded metal elements with impurities, including greases, lubricants and petroleum substances, and Fig. 8 shows a photograph of the shredded metal elements with impurities, including greases, lubricants and petroleum substances. In turn, Fig. 9 shows a photograph of a fragment of a sieve, for example the top sieve of the sifter, which has longitudinal openings. The bottom sieve can be constructed in a similar way. Fig. 10, in turn, shows a photograph of the shredded purified metal elements.List of numerical references

[0046] 1, 101 System for removing impurities, including fats, greases and petroleum substances, from metal elements 2, 102 Production line for removing fats, greases and petroleum substances from metal elements 10 Tray for metal elements 11 Container 12 Feeder 14 Drive of the feeder 15 Impure metal elements 20 Dosage device 21 Feeder of the dosage device 22 Scale of the dosage device 23 Drive of the dosage device 27, 47, 57 Information line 30, 130 Shredding device 31 Housing 32 Chamber 33 Drive 34 Grinder 35 Shredded impure metal elements 37 Initial sieve 38, 68, 78 Inlet or filling opening 39, 69, 76, 79, 176, 179 Outlet 40 Dosage-powdering device 41 Container 42 First dispenser of the dosage-powdering device 43 Feeder of the dosage-powdering device 44 Scale of the dosage-powdering device 45, 177 Degreasing material 50 Dosage-transporting device 51 Container 52 Second dispenser of the dosage-transporting device 53 Feeder of the dosage-transporting device 54 Scale of the dosage-transporting device 55, 175 Wiping material 60 Mixing device 61 Tank of the mixing device 62 Drive of the mixing device 63 Motor of the drive of the mixing device 64 Gearbox of the mixing device 65 Mixture of shredded metal elements and plastic elements and degreasing material 66 Longitudinal axis of the mixing device tank 67 Joint 70 Sifter, being a separating device 71 Housing 72, 172 Eccentric mechanism 73, 173 Sieve 74 Path of movement of purified metal elements and mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances 75 Cleaned metal elements 77 Mixture containing degreasing material, wiping material, fats and / or fats and / or greases petroleum substances 80 Set of conveyors 81, 82, 281, 282, 381, 382 Fraction containers 83, 84, 275, 375 Conveyors 134 Two-shaft grinder 170 Multi-sieve sifter, being a separating device 201 Pouring impure metal elements into a chamber of shredding device 202 Shredding impure metal elements 203 Transporting shredded impure metal elements to a tank of mixing device 204 Adding loose degreasing material 205 Adding loose wiping material 206 Mixing shredded impure metal elements, loose degreasing material and loose wiping material 207 Transporting cleaned or purified metal elements and mixture containing degreasing material, wiping material, fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances to a sifter 208 Separating cleaned metal elements from mixture containing degreasing material, wiping material, fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances 209 Powdering the shredded impure metal elements with the loose degreasing material 210, 212 Pre-mixing shredded impure metal elements, the loose degreasing material and the loose wiping material 211 Powdering the shredded impure metal elements with the loose wiping material 270 Eddy current separator 271, 371 Housing 272, 372 Side walls 273, 373 Turning drum 276, 376 Strip 277 Shield 279 Magnetic rotor 280, 380 Set of containers 370 Air separator 374 Air blower 377 Manifold 378 Air flow outlet

Claims

1. A system (1, 101) for removing impurities, including fats, greases and petroleum substances, from metal elements, having a set of devices formed in a form of a production line (2, 102) for removing fats, greases and petroleum substances from metal elements and comprising a dosage device (20) for transporting impure metal elements (15) and a shredding device (30, 130) with a chamber (32) having an inlet (38), through which metal elements (15) impure with at least fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances are fed to the chamber (32), as well as an outlet (39), through which impure metal elements (35) exit after their shredding, characterised in that in the production line (2, 102) for removing fats, greases and petroleum substances from the impure metal elements (15), downstream the shredding device (30, 130), there are a mixing device (60) with a tank (61) moving at least rotationally in relation to its own longitudinal axis (66), preceded in the production line (2, 102) by a dosage-powdering device (40), transporting a degreasing material (45), and a dosage-transporting device (50), transporting a wiping material (55), having an inlet (68) designed to receive shredded impure metal elements with loose degreasing material (45) and loose wiping material (55), wherein in the mixing device (60), under the influence of the relative movement of shredded impure metal elements with degreasing material and wiping material in the tank (61) of the mixing device (60) caused by at least the rotational movement of the tank (61) of the mixing device (60), removing fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances from metal elements takes place, and having an outlet (69), through which the purified metal elements and the mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances are removed, wherein in the production line for removing fats, greases and petroleum substances from metal elements, downstream the mixing device (60), there is a separating device which separates the purified metal elements (75) from the mixture (77) containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances.

2. The system (1, 101) for removing impurities according to claim 1, characterised in that the tank (61) of the mixing device (60) is a solid of revolution containing a cylinder and / or a truncated cone and positioned pivotably on a fixed joint (67), thanks to which, in addition to the rotational movement, the tank (61) can make swinging movements around the fixed joint (67), so that the longitudinal axis (66) of the tank (61) can be positioned at different angles to the horizontal.

3. The system (1, 101) for removing impurities according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the separating device, which separates the purified metal elements (75) from the mixture (77) containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances, is a sifter (70, 170) containing at least one sieve, onto which the mixture (65) containing purified metal elements and degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances is fed or transported, wherein the elements of the wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances, in particular the shredded plastic and / or rubber elements, and / or sawdust, or a mixture thereof, have a grain size smaller by at least 0,1 mm than the mesh size of the sieve measured in one straight plane at a right angle, and the purified metal elements have a grain size greater by at least 0,1 mm than the mesh size of the sieve measured in one straight plane at a right angle.

4. The system (1, 101) for removing impurities according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterised in that the separating device, which separates the purified metal elements (75) from the mixture (77) containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances, is a single-sieve sifter (70), having an inlet (78) designed to receive the mixture (65) containing purified metal elements, degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances, and having a housing (71), inside of which, transverse to the movement path (74) of purified metal elements and mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances, a sieve (73) is located to separate the purified metal elements (75) from the mixture (77) containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or sprouts, and having at least two outlets (76, 79), through one outlet (76) of which the purified metal elements (75) exit, and trough the other outlet (79) the mixture (77) containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances exits.

5. The system (1, 101) for removing impurities according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterised in that the separating device, which separates the purified metal elements (75) from the mixture (77) containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances, is a multi-sieve sifter (170), having an inlet (78) designed to receive the mixture (65) containing purified metal elements, degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances, and having a housing, inside of which, transverse to the movement path (74) of purified metal elements and mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances, sieves (73, 173) with eccentric mechanisms (72, 172) causing non-vibratory reciprocal movement of the sieves (73, 173) are located, inclined downwards from the horizontal when looking towards the outlet and their lowest fragment is located at the outlets, wherein the purified metal elements (75) exit the sifter (170) through the outlet (76), and the wiping material (175) with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances and other impurities exits the sifter (170) through the outlet (176), and the degreasing material (177), used entirely or partially, and containing fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances and other impurities, for example dust, exits the sifter (170) through the outlet (179).

6. The system (1, 101) for removing impurities according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the separating device, which separates the purified metal elements (75) from the mixture (77) containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances, is an eddy current separator (270) containing a housing (271) with side walls (272), between which a belt conveyor (275) with a turning drum (273) and a belt (276) is mounted, onto which the mixture (65) containing purified metal elements, degreasing material and wiping material is delivered, wherein in the falling zone of the mixture (65) containing purified metal elements, degreasing material and wiping material from the belt conveyor a high-speed magnetic rotor (279) is located which produces variable high-frequency magnetic field that induces eddy currents in metals, wherein, due to the flow of eddy currents in metals, a secondary magnetic field is created opposite to the magnetic field of the magnetic rotor, and the interaction between the secondary magnetic field and the magnetic field of the rotor results in the formation of a repulsive Lorentz force, which causes pushing the purified metal elements (75) out of the transport stream of the mixture (65) containing the purified metal elements, degreasing material and wiping material, wherein the purified metal elements (75) bounce off the shield (277) and are directed to the container (282) of the set of containers (280), and the mixture (77) containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances and other impurities, separated from the purified metal elements, falls down from the belt (276) under its own weight and is placed in the container (281) of the set of containers (280).

7. The system (1, 101) for removing impurities according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the separating device, which separates the purified metal elements (75) from the mixture (77) containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances, is an air separator (370) containing a housing (371) with side walls (372) between which the belt conveyor (375) with a turning drum (373) and a belt (376) is mounted, onto which the purified metal elements and the mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material are delivered, wherein, along the movement path of the stream of mixture (65) containing purified metal elements, degreasing material and wiping material, there is an outlet (378) of the air flow produced by the air blower (374) and directed transversely towards the stream of mixture (65) containing purified metal elements, degreasing material and wiping material, wherein the air flow divides the stream of purified metal elements and a mixture containing degreasing material and wiping material into the stream of heavy purified metal elements (75) moving closer to the outlet (378) of the air flow produced by the air blower (374), and the stream of mixture (77) containing light degreasing material and wiping material moving further from the outlet (378) of the air flow generated by the blower (374) and lighter than the purified metal elements (75).

8. The system (1, 101) for removing impurities according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the degreasing material dosage-powdering device (40) is equipped with a first dispenser (42) of the degreasing material (45) and a scale (44) of the dispensed degreasing material (45).

9. The system (1, 101) for removing impurities according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the wiping material dosage-transporting device (50) is equipped with a second dispenser (52) of the wiping material (55) and a scale (54) of the wiping material (55).

10. The system (1, 101) for removing impurities according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the metal elements (15) dosage device (20) is equipped with a scale (22) of the metal elements (15).

11. The system (1, 101) for removing impurities according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the degreasing material (45) is calcium carbonate and / or talc and / or coal fines and / or bird feathers or a mixture thereof.

12. The system (1, 101) for removing impurities according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the wiping material (55) is shredded plastic and / or rubber elements, and / or sawdust, or a mixture thereof.

13. A system (1, 101) for removing impurities according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that per 1000,0 kg of metal elements (15) to be purified and degreased, the loose degreasing material (45) is used in a quantity selected from the range of 15,0 kg to 70,0 kg.

14. The system (1, 101) for removing impurities according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that per 1000,0 kg of metal elements (15) to be purified and degreased, the loose wiping material (55) is used in a quantity selected from the range of 150,0 kg to 700,0 kg.

15. A method for removing fine impurities, including fats, greases and petroleum substances, from metal elements with the system (1, 101) containing a set (2, 102) of devices formed as a production line for removing fats, greases and petroleum substances from metal elements according to one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the method comprises steps of: pouring impure metal elements (15) into the chamber (32) of the shredding device (30, 130), located in the production line for removing fats, greases and petroleum substances from metal elements, through the inlet (38) of the shredding device (30), shredding impure metal elements (15) to elements the largest dimension of which is not more than 40,0 cm, the method characterised in that comprises subsequent steps: transporting the shredded impure metal elements (35) through the outlet (39) of the shredding device (30) into the tank (61) of the mixing device (60) after powdering with loose degreasing material (45) and loose wiping material (55) or without powdering with loose degreasing material (45) and loose wiping material (55), mixing, after prior adding to the tank of the mixing device, loose degreasing material (45) and loose wiping material (55), in case the shredded impure metal elements (35) were not sprinkled with the loose degreasing material (45) and the loose wiping material (55), shredded impure metal elements (35), the loose degreasing material (45), and the loose wiping material (55), after causing the tank (61) of the mixing device (60) to at least rotationally move in relation to its own longitudinal axis (66), in which tank, under the influence of the relative movement of shredded impure metal elements and the mixture of loose degreasing material and loose wiping material, impurities, including fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances, are removed from the metal elements, transporting the mixture (65) containing purified metal elements, degreasing material, wiping material, fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances from the mixing tank to the separating device, separating, with a separating device, the purified metal elements (75) from the mixture (77) containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances, and removing, from the separating device, the purified metal elements (75) separated from the mixture (77) containing degreasing material and wiping material with fats and / or greases and / or petroleum substances.

Images