Container coated with a spinel coating MgAl2O4 and corundum

Abstract

Container whose inner wall surfaces are at least partially covered with a coating having the following crystallized phases, as a percentage based on the total mass of the crystallized phases: Spinel MgAl2O4: 10% to 60%, and Crystallized phases other than spinel MgAl2O4 and corundum: < 10% Corundum: complement to 100%.

Description

Title of the invention: Container coated with a spinel coating of MgAl2O4 and corundum technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to a container whose inner wall surface is covered for more than 80% with a coating and to the use of said container for the manufacture of a powder of oxides comprising lithium, in particular an oxide of one or more lithium-containing transition metals. Previous technique

[0002] The need for lithium-ion batteries is constantly increasing. Many of them include a part, generally the cathode, made of an oxide containing lithium, in particular an oxide of one or more lithium transition metals, especially LiFePO4 (or LPF), LiMn2O4 (or LMO), or a lithium-nickel-cobalt-manganese oxide (or NMC).

[0003] The cathode is generally manufactured by shaping a powder of said oxide of one or more lithia-bonded transition metals.

[0004] Among the conventional processes for manufacturing said powders is the preparation of a mixture of oxides and / or various oxide precursors, followed by a heat treatment enabling the solid-phase synthesis of the oxide of one or more lithium-containing transition metals. During said heat treatment, the mixture is placed in a container, generally called a "sagger." The synthesis conditions of said powders, as well as said mixture, particularly the lithium-containing elements, are especially demanding on the container.

[0005] There is a need to increase the lifespan of said containers.

[0006] One object of the invention is to meet, at least partially, this need. Description of the invention

[0007] According to the invention, this goal is achieved by means of a container, the surface of the inner walls of said container being partially covered, preferably for more than 80%, and preferably over all of said inner walls, with a coating having the following crystalline phases, in mass percentage on the basis of the total mass of the crystalline phases: - Spinel MgAl2O4: 10% to 60%, and - Crystalline phases other than spinel (MgAl2O4) and corundum: < 10%, and - Corundum: 100% complement.

[0008] The inventors discovered that the coated container according to the invention exhibited less degradation during use, thus allowing for a longer service life. load-bearing, and in particular a greater number of manufacturing cycles of oxide powder of one or more lithia-coated transition metals.

[0009] According to preferred but non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, which may, where appropriate, be combined with each other: - the coating has, as a percentage by mass based on the crystallized phases, a spinel content greater than 15%, preferably greater than 20%, preferably greater than 25%, preferably greater than 35% and / or less than 55%, preferably less than 50%; - the container contains more than 90%, preferably more than 95%, preferably more than 99%, by mass, of oxide(s), carbide(s), nitride(s), oxynitride(s), boride(s), and mixtures thereof; - the coating has a thickness greater than 50 pm, preferably greater than 100 pm, preferably greater than 200 pm, preferably greater than 300 pm and less than 2000 pm, preferably less than 1500 pm, preferably less than 1000 pm, preferably less than 800 pm; - the surface of the covered interior walls includes the bottom of said container and the part of the sides in contact with said bottom; - the surface of the interior walls is covered for more than 85%, preferably for more than 90%, preferably for more than 95%; - the coating extends over substantially the entire surface of the interior walls of said container; - the container contains more than 90%, preferably more than 95% by mass, of oxide(s), - the container contains A12O3, MgO, ZrO2, SiO2, Y2O3, and mixtures thereof; - the container has an Al2O3+MgO+ZrO2+SiO2+Y2O3 content greater than 90%, preferably greater than 95%, as a percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides; - the container has an A12O3 content greater than 90%, preferably greater than 95%, as a percentage by mass on the basis of oxides; - the container has a SiO2 content greater than 90%, preferably greater than 95%, as a percentage by mass on the basis of oxides; - the container has an A12O3 + MgO content greater than 90%, preferably greater than 95%, as a percentage by mass on the basis of oxides; - the container has an A12O3 + Y2O3 content greater than 90%, preferably greater than 95%, as a percentage by mass on the basis of oxides; - the container has an Al2O3 + MgO + SiO2 content exceeding 90%, preference greater than 95%, as a percentage by mass on the basis of oxides; - the container has an A12O3 + ZrO2+ SiO2 content greater than 90%, preferably greater than 95%, as a percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides; - the container has an A12O3 + ZrO2 content greater than 90%, preferably greater than 95%, as a percentage by mass on the basis of oxides; - the container has an A12O3 + SiO2 content greater than 90%, preferably greater than 95%, as a percentage by mass on the basis of oxides; - the container comprises more than 90%, preferably more than 95%, by mass percentages based on the mass of the crystallized phases, of corundum, spinel MgAl2O4, cordierite, mullite, zirconia, optionally stabilized, periclase, and mixtures thereof; - the container comprises more than 90%, preferably more than 95%, by mass percentages, in total and on the basis of the mass of the crystallized phases, of corundum or mullite or a mixture of corundum and cordierite or a mixture of corundum and mullite or a mixture of corundum and spinel MgAl2O4 or a mixture of corundum and cordierite and spinel, or a mixture of corundum and zirconia or a mixture of corundum and mullite and zirconia or a mixture of cordierite and mullite; - the container contains more than 90%, preferably more than 95% by mass, of carbide(s), nitride(s), oxynitride(s), borides and mixtures thereof; - the container contains more than 90%, preferably more than 95% by mass, preferably of carbide(s), nitride(s), SiAlON and mixtures thereof; - the container contains more than 90%, preferably more than 95%, by mass, of silicon carbide, silicon nitride, SiAlON, and mixtures thereof. - the container comprises more than 90%, preferably more than 95%, by mass, of a mixture of silicon carbide and silicon nitride; - the container has a perimeter chosen from a polygon, a circle or an ellipse; - the container has a base and at least one side, preferably with an average thickness of less than 20 mm and more than 2 mm; - the container has a volume greater than 0.1 litre and less than 25 litres.

[0010] The invention also relates to the use of a container coated according to the invention for the manufacture of a powder of oxides comprising lithium, in particular an oxide of one or more lithium-containing transition metals. Definitions

[0011] - By "ceramic," we mean a product that is neither metallic nor organic. In the context of the present invention, carbon is considered to be a ceramic product. - By "coating", we mean a layer of material(s) of a different nature than the support which is the container. - By "precursor" of a crystallized oxide, we mean one or more materials which, after heat treatment at a temperature above 1100°C, preferably in air, will lead to said crystallized oxide. For example, a corundum precursor could be a transition alumina, a boehmite, or an aluminum trihydroxide. - For the sake of clarity, the chemical formulas of simple oxides are used to designate the contents of these oxides in a composition. For example, "MgO" or "Al2O3" designate the contents of these simple oxides in the composition under consideration, while "magnesia" and "alumina" are used to designate the actual presence of the phases of these oxides made up of MgO and Al2O3, respectively. - By "corundum", we classically mean alumina in the rhombohedral crystallographic form.

[0012] - A "sialon", SiAlON, is an oxynitride compound of at least the elements Si, Al and N, in particular of a compound conforming to one of the following formulas: - SixAlyOuNv, in which: - x is greater than or equal to 0, greater than 0.05, greater than 0.1 or greater than 0.2, and less than or equal to 1, less than or equal to 0.8 or less than or equal to 0.4, - y is greater than or equal to 0, or greater than 0.1, greater than 0.3 or greater than 0.5, and less than or equal to 1, - u is greater than 0, greater than 0.1 or greater than 0.2, and less than or equal to 1 or less than or equal to 0.7, - v is greater than 0, greater than 0.1, greater than 0.2 or greater than 0.5, or greater than 0.7, and less than or equal to 1, x+y > 0,

[0013] x, y, u and v being stoichiometric indices normalized with respect to the highest one, made equal to 1; - MexSii2.(m+n)Al(m+n)OnNi6.n, with 0 < x < 2, Me a cation chosen from the lanthanide cations, Fe, Y, Ca, Li and their mixtures, 0 < m < 12, 0 < n < 12 and 0 < n+m < 12, generally called "a'-SiA10N" or "SiA10N-a'" - Unless otherwise stated, all oxide contents are percentages mass content based on oxides. A mass content of an oxide of a metallic element refers to the total content of that element expressed in the form of the most stable oxide, according to the usual industry convention. - The sum of oxide contents does not imply the presence of all those oxides. - "Contain" or "include" should be interpreted in a non-binding manner. mitative, in the sense that elements other than those indicated may be present. Detailed description Container

[0014] The container is preferably made of ceramic.

[0015] Preferably, the container comprises more than 90%, preferably more than 95%, preferably more than 99%, preferably more than 99.5%, by mass, of oxide(s), carbide(s), nitride(s), oxynitride(s), boride(s), and mixtures thereof.

[0016] Preferably, the container comprises more than 90%, preferably more than 95%, preferably more than 99%, preferably more than 99.5%, by mass: - of oxide(s), or - of carbide(s), nitride(s), oxynitride(s), borides and mixtures thereof, preferably of carbide(s), nitride(s), oxynitride(s) and mixtures thereof, preferably of carbide(s), nitride(s), SiAlON and mixtures thereof, preferably of carbide(s), nitride(s) and mixtures thereof, preferably of silicon carbide, silicon nitride and mixtures thereof.

[0017] In a first embodiment, the container comprises more than 90%, preferably more than 95%, preferably more than 99%, preferably more than 99.5%, by mass of oxide(s).

[0018] Preferably the said oxide(s) are chosen from or comprise A12O3, MgO, ZrO2, SiO2, Y2O3, and mixtures thereof.

[0019] Preferably, the container has an Al2O3+MgO+ZrO2+SiO2+Y2O3 content greater than 90%, preferably greater than 95%, preferably greater than 98%, as a percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides.

[0020] Preferably, the container has an Al2O3+MgO+ZrO2+SiO2 content greater than 90%, preferably greater than 95%, preferably greater than 98%, as a percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides.

[0021] Preferably, the container has an Al2O3+MgO+SiO2 content greater than 90%, preferably greater than 95%, preferably greater than 98%, as a percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides.

[0022] In an embodiment of said first embodiment, the container has an Al₂O₃ content greater than 90%, preferably greater than 95%, preferably greater than 98%, preferably greater than 99%, as a percentage by mass on the basis of oxides.

[0023] In an embodiment of said first embodiment, the container has a SiO2 content greater than 90%, preferably greater than 95%, preferably greater than 98%, preferably greater than 99%, as a percentage by mass on the basis of oxides.

[0024] In an embodiment of said first embodiment, the container has an A12O3 + MgO content greater than 90%, preferably greater than 95%, preferably greater than 98%, preferably greater than 99%, as a percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides.

[0025] In an embodiment of said first embodiment, the container has an A12O3 + Y2O3 content greater than 90%, preferably greater than 95%, preferably greater than 98%, preferably greater than 99%, as a percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides.

[0026] In an embodiment of said first embodiment, the container has an A12O3 + MgO + SiO2 content greater than 90%, preferably greater than 95%, preferably greater than 98%, preferably greater than 99%, as a percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides.

[0027] In an embodiment of said first embodiment, the container has an A12O3 + ZrO2+ SiO2 content greater than 90%, preferably greater than 95%, preferably greater than 98%, preferably greater than 99%, as a percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides.

[0028] In an embodiment of said first embodiment, the container has an A12O3 + ZrO2 content greater than 90%, preferably greater than 95%, preferably greater than 98%, preferably greater than 99%, as a percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides.

[0029] In an embodiment of said first embodiment, the container has an A12O3 + SiO2 content greater than 90%, preferably greater than 95%, preferably greater than 98%, preferably greater than 99%, as a percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides.

[0030] Preferably, the container comprises more than 90%, preferably more than 95%, in total, by mass percentages based on the mass of the crystallized phases, of corundum, spinel MgAl2O4, cordierite, mullite, zirconia, optionally stabilized, periclase, and mixtures thereof. Even more preferably, the container comprises more than 90%, preferably more than 95%, preferably more than 99%, preferably more than 99.5%, in total, by mass percentages based on the mass of the crystallized phases, of corundum, spinel MgAl2O4, cordierite, mullite, zirconia, optionally stabilized, and mixtures thereof.

[0031] Preferably, the container comprises more than 90%, preferably more than 95%, by mass percentages based on the mass of the crystallized phases, of corundum or mullite or a mixture of corundum and cordierite or a mixture of corundum and mullite or a mixture of corundum and spinel MgAl2O4 or a mixture of corundum and cordierite and spinel, or a mixture of corundum and zirconia or a mixture of corundum and mullite and zirconia or a mixture of cordierite and mullite.

[0032] In a second embodiment, the container comprises more than 90%, preferably more than 95%, preferably more than 99%, preferably more than 99.5%, of carbide(s), nitride(s), oxynitride(s), borides and mixtures thereof, preferably of carbide(s), nitride(s), oxynitride(s) and mixtures thereof, preferably of carbide(s), nitride(s), SiAlON and mixtures thereof.

[0033] Preferably, the container comprises more than 90%, preferably more than 95%, preferably more than 98%, preferably more than 99%, by mass, of silicon carbide, silicon nitride, SiAlON, and mixtures thereof.

[0034] In one embodiment of said second embodiment, the container comprises more than 90% silicon carbide and the remainder comprises metallic silicon.

[0035] Preferably, the container comprises more than 90%, preferably more than 95%, preferably more than 98%, preferably more than 99%, by mass, of silicon carbide, silicon nitride, and mixtures thereof.

[0036] In one embodiment of said second embodiment, the container comprises more than 90%, preferably more than 95%, preferably more than 98%, preferably more than 99%, by mass, of silicon carbide.

[0037] In one embodiment of said second embodiment, the container comprises more than 90%, preferably more than 95%, preferably more than 98%, preferably more than 99%, by mass, of a mixture of silicon carbide and silicon nitride, preferably, the mass ratio of the quantity of silicon carbide to the quantity of silicon nitride being greater than 1, preferably greater than 2 and less than 10, preferably less than 8, preferably less than 6.

[0038] Preferably, the container comprises more than 90%, preferably more than 95%, in total, as mass percentages based on the mass of the crystallized phases: - of corundum, spinel MgAl2O4, cordierite, mullite, zirconia, optionally stabilized, periclase, and mixtures thereof, preferably of corundum, spinel MgAl2O4, cordierite, mullite, zirconia, optionally stabilized, and mixtures thereof, preferably of corundum, spinel, cordierite and mixtures thereof, or - of silicon carbide, silicon nitride, and mixtures thereof.

[0039] The container can have any shape.

[0040] The perimeter of said container according to the invention can be chosen from a polygon, in particular a rectangle and a square, a circle or an ellipse.

[0041] Preferably, the container according to the invention comprises a bottom and at least one side, preferably having an average thickness, preferably less than 20 mm, preferably less than 15 mm, or even less than 10 mm, or / or preferably more than 2 mm, preferably more than 4 mm, preferably more than 5 mm.

[0042] In one embodiment, the bottom of said container has a greater thickness than its side, preferably 10% greater, preferably 20% greater, preferably 30% greater.

[0043] In one embodiment, the bottom and side of said container have a thickness difference of less than 10%, preferably less than 5%. Preferably, in said embodiment, the bottom of said container has a thickness substantially identical to that of its side.

[0044] In one embodiment, the wall thickness is not constant. Preferably, the side thickness is greater on the side facing the container bottom. Preferably, the portion of the sides in contact with the container bottom has a thickness 10% greater than the portion of the sides located on the opposite side from the container bottom.

[0045] In one embodiment, the container has a length, i.e. a greatest length less than 500 mm, preferably less than 400 mm, and / or preferably more than 100 mm, preferably more than 200 mm, and a width, i.e. the smallest dimension measured perpendicular to the length less than 500 mm, preferably less than 400 mm, and / or preferably more than 100 mm, preferably more than 200 mm.

[0046] In one embodiment, the angle between the bottom of the container and said at least one side is equal to 90°. In another embodiment said angle is greater than 90° and less than 100°.

[0047] In one embodiment, the container has a diameter of less than 500 mm, preferably less than 400 mm, and / or preferably greater than 100 mm, preferably greater than 200 mm.

[0048] Preferably, the container has a volume greater than 0.1 litre, preferably greater than 1 litre, preferably greater than 2 litres, preferably greater than 3 litres and / or preferably less than 25 litres, preferably less than 20 litres, preferably less than 15 litres.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the base and sides of the container form a monolithic unit. In other words, said base and sides are a single piece, the connection between the base and the sides comprising a radius, preferably greater than 5 mm, preferably greater than 10 mm, preferably greater than 20 mm.

[0050] In one embodiment, the container is an assembly of different parts, for example plates, the connection between said different parts being able in particular to be made using tenon-mortise type assembly, and / or suspension assembly, and / or embedding (using in particular notches or grooves), and / or ceramic dowels, and / or ceramic screws and / or ceramic rivets, and / or ceramic keys. Coating

[0051] The coating has the following crystalline phases, expressed as a percentage by mass based on the crystalline phases: - Spinel MgAl2O4: 10% to 60%, and - Crystalline phases other than spinel MgAl2O4 and corundum: < 10% - Corundum: 100% complement.

[0052] The crystalline phases present in the coating can conventionally be highlighted by X-ray diffraction on said coating.

[0053] The diffraction pattern is acquired using a Bruker D8 Endeavor instrument, over an angular range of 20° between 5° and 80°, with a step size of 0.01° and a counting time of 0.34 s / step. The front optics include a 0.3° primary slit and a 2.5° Soller slit. The sample is rotated at a speed of 5 rpm using the automatic cutter. The rear optics include a 2.5° Soller slit, a 0.0125 mm nickel filter, and a 1D detector with an aperture of 4°.

[0054] The diffraction diagrams are then qualitatively analyzed using the EVA software and the ICDD2016 database.

[0055] Once the phases present have been identified, the diffraction patterns are quantitatively analyzed using High Score Plus software by Rietveld refinement according to the following strategy:

[0056] - A refinement of the background signal is performed using the "treatment" function, " determines background with the following choices: “bending factor” equal to 1 and “gra-nularity” equal to 40;

[0057] - Conventionally, the ICDD sheets of the phases present are highlighted and when tifiables are selected, and therefore taken into account in the refinement;

[0058] - An automatic refinement is then performed by selecting the background signal determined previously "use available background" and by selecting the mode "automatic: option phase fit-default Rietveld";

[0059] - Manual refinement of the "B overall" parameter of all selected phases is then carried out simultaneously.

[0060] The inventors have demonstrated that such a coating makes it possible to increase the container life during the manufacture of a lithium-containing oxide powder, in particular an oxide of one or more lithium-containing transition metals.

[0061] The inventors also highlighted that a coating with a spinel content of MgAl2O4 greater than 60% exhibited cracking and / or delamination of the container surface when rising to the operating temperature, which prevented the container with such a coating from having an improved lifespan.

[0062] A coated container having a coating with a spinel content of MgAl2O4 less than 10% does not have an improved service life.

[0063] Preferably, the coating has a spinel content of MgAl2O4 greater than 15%, preferably greater than 20%, preferably greater than 25%, preferably greater than 30%, preferably greater than 35%, and preferably less than 55%, preferably less than 50%, as a percentage by mass on the basis of the crystallized phases.

[0064] Preferably, the coating has a content of crystalline phases other than spinel MgAl2O4 and corundum of less than 8%, preferably less than 5%, by mass percentage based on the crystalline phases. Preferably, the coating has a content of crystalline phases other than spinel MgAl2O4 and corundum substantially zero.

[0065] Preferably, the coating has an amount of amorphous phases less than 10%, preferably less than 5%, preferably substantially zero.

[0066] Preferably, the coating has the following chemical composition, expressed as a percentage by mass based on the oxides: - MgO: > 2.8%, preferably > 4%, preferably > 5.5%, preferably > 7%, preferably > 8.5%, and preferably < 16.9%, preferably < 15.5%, preferably < 14%, and / or - A12O3: > 73.1%, preferably > 75%, preferably > 78%, preferably > 80%, preferably > 83%, and preferably < 97%, preferably < 95%, preferably < 92%, preferably < 90%, and / or - Oxides other than MgO and Al2O3: <10%, preferably <8%, preferably <6%, preferably <5%, preferably <3%, preferably <1%, preferably <0.5%.

[0067] Preferably, the coating consists of more than 90%, more preferably more than 95%, more preferably more than 98%, more preferably more than 99%, more preferably more than 99.5% by mass of oxides. Preferably, the coating consists essentially of oxides.

[0068] The thickness of said coating is preferably greater than 50 µm, preferably greater than 100 µm, preferably greater than 200 µm, preferably greater than 300 µm pm, or even above 400 pm, or even above 500 pm, or even above 600 pm and / or preferably below 2000 pm, preferably below 1500 pm, preferably below 1000 pm, preferably below 800 pm.

[0069] Preferably, the surface of the coated inner walls includes the bottom of the container and the portion of the sides in contact with said bottom. In other words, the coating extends over the lower inner portion of the sides of the container, the container being considered in its operating position, said portion being that in contact with the powders during the use of said container.

[0070] Preferably, the surface of the inner walls of the container is covered for more than 85%, preferably for more than 90%, preferably for more than 95%, preferably for more than 96%, preferably for more than 98%, preferably for more than 99% of said coating. Preferably, the coating extends over substantially the entire surface of the inner walls of the container.

[0071] Preferably, at least part, preferably the entire surface of the outer wall of the bottom is covered with the coating.

[0072] In one embodiment, more than 90%, preferably more than 95%, preferably more than 99%, of the total surface area of ​​the container walls is covered with the coating.

[0073] The coating can be applied to at least part of the surface of the inner walls of the container using any technique known to those skilled in the art, in particular by brush application, spraying, especially wet spraying, vacuum impregnation, or immersion. Preferably, the coating is applied by wet spraying with a suspension comprising one or more MgAl2O4 spinel powders and one or more corundum or corundum precursor powders. Preferably, the suspension does not contain corundum precursor powders.

[0074] Preferably the coating has undergone heat treatment before its use, the maximum temperature reached during said heat treatment being preferably greater than 1100°C, preferably greater than 1200°C, and preferably less than 1500°C, preferably less than 1400°C.

[0075] Preferably the time of maintenance at said maximum temperature is greater than 0.5 hours, and less than 5 hours, preferably less than 2 hours.

Claims

Demands

1. Container for the manufacture of a lithium oxide powder, the surface of the inner walls of which are at least partially coated, preferably more than 80%, with a coating having the following crystalline phases, in percentage and on the basis of the total mass of the crystalline phases: - Spinel MgAl2O4: more than 25% and up to 60%, and - Crystalline phases other than spinel MgAl2O4 and corundum: < 10% - Corundum: supplement to 100%.

2. Container according to the preceding claim: - in which the coating has, as a percentage by mass on the basis of the crystallized phases, a spinel content greater than 30% and / or less than 55%, and / or - comprising more than 90%, by mass, of oxide(s), carbide(s), nitride(s), oxynitride(s), boride(s), and mixtures thereof, and / or - in which the thickness of said coating is greater than 50 pm and less than 2000 pm, and / or - the surface of the inner walls covered by said coating includes the bottom of said container and the part of the sides in contact with said bottom, and / or - the surface of the inner walls is covered for more than 85% by said coating.

3. Container according to claim 1 or 2: - wherein the coating has, as a percentage by mass on the basis of the crystallized phases, a spinel content greater than 35% and / or less than 50%, and / or - comprising more than 95%, by mass, of oxide(s), carbide(s), nitride(s), oxynitride(s), boride(s), and mixtures thereof, and / or - wherein the thickness of said coating is greater than 100 pm and less than 1500 pm, and / or - the surface of the inner walls of which is covered for more than 90% by said coating.

4. Container according to any one of claims 1 to 3: - comprising more than 99%, by mass, of oxide(s), carbide(s), of nitride(s), oxynitride(s), boride(s), and mixtures thereof, and / or - wherein the thickness of said coating is greater than 200 pm and less than 1000 pm, and / or - wherein the surface of the inner walls is covered for more than 95% by said coating.

5. Container according to any one of the preceding claims - wherein the thickness of said coating is greater than 300 pm and less than 800 pm, and / or - wherein the coating extends over substantially the entire surface of the inner walls of said container.

6. Container according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising more than 90%, preferably more than 95% by mass, of oxide(s).

7. Container according to the preceding claim comprising A12O3, MgO, ZrO2, SiO2, Y2O3, and mixtures thereof.

8. Container according to any one of the preceding claims having an Al2O3+MgO+ZrO2+SiO2+Y2O3 content greater than 90%, preferably greater than 95%, as a percentage by mass on the basis of the oxides.

9. Container according to any one of the preceding claims having: - an Al₂O₃ content greater than 90%, preferably greater than 95%, by mass percentage on the basis of oxides, or - a SiO₂ content greater than 90%, preferably greater than 95%, by mass percentage on the basis of oxides, or - an Al₂O₃ + MgO content greater than 90%, preferably greater than 95%, by mass percentage on the basis of oxides, or - an Al₂O₃ + Y₂O₃ content greater than 90%, preferably greater than 95%, by mass percentage on the basis of oxides, or - an Al₂O₃ + MgO + SiO₂ content greater than 90%, preferably greater than 95%, by mass percentage on the basis of oxides, or - an Al₂O₃ + ZrO₂ + SiO₂ content greater than 90%, preferably greater than 95%, as a percentage by mass on the basis of oxides, or - an Al2O3 + ZrO2 content greater than 90%, preferably greater than 95%, as a percentage by mass on the basis of oxides,or - an Al2O3 + SiO2 content greater than 90%, preferably greater than 95%, as a mass percentage based on the oxides.

10. Container according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising more than 90%, preferably more than 95%, in total and in percentages based on the total mass of the crystallized phases, of corundum, spinel MgAl2O4, cordierite, mullite, zirconia, optionally stabilized, periclase, and mixtures thereof.

11. Container according to the preceding claim, comprising more than 90%, preferably more than 95%, in total and in percentages based on the total mass of the crystallized phases, of corundum or mullite or a mixture of corundum and cordierite or a mixture of corundum and mullite or a mixture of corundum and spinel MgAl2O4 or a mixture of corundum and cordierite and spinel, or a mixture of corundum and zirconia or a mixture of corundum and mullite and zirconia or a mixture of cordierite and mullite.

12. Container according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising more than 90%, preferably more than 95% by mass, of carbide(s), nitride(s), oxynitride(s), borides and mixtures thereof.

13. Container according to the preceding claim, comprising more than 90%, preferably more than 95% by mass, in total, of carbide(s), nitride(s), SiAlON and mixtures thereof.

14. Container according to the preceding claim, comprising more than 90%, preferably more than 95%, by mass and in total, of silicon carbide, silicon nitride, SiAlON, and mixtures thereof.

15. Container according to the preceding claim, comprising more than 90%, preferably more than 95%, by mass, of a mixture of silicon carbide and silicon nitride.

16. Container according to any one of the preceding claims, - having a perimeter selected from a polygon, a circle or an ellipse, and / or - having a base and at least one side, preferably having an average thickness of less than 20 mm and more than 2 mm, and / or - having a volume greater than 0.1 litre and less than 25 litres.

17. Container according to any one of the preceding claims, for the manufacture of an oxide of one or more lithia-coated transition metals.