Perfecting a quick wheel change on a bicycle
The three-part wheel assembly with faceted contours and protrusions enables rapid and secure wheel changes by self-aligning sleeves, addressing the inefficiencies and risks of existing systems.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- FR2023001013
- Authority / Receiving Office
- FR · FR
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-02-03
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-24
- Estimated Expiration
- 2043-02-03
AI Technical Summary
The existing systems for changing bicycle wheels, particularly rear wheels with cassette and brake discs, are time-consuming and require precise alignment of the disc and sprocket holder sleeves, increasing the risk of shear forces during heavy braking.
A three-part wheel assembly with faceted contours and protrusions on the disc and sprocket holder sleeves that self-align during wheel insertion, ensuring power transmission without requiring precise sleeve positioning and reducing shear forces.
Facilitates rapid wheel changes by allowing insertion in any angular position, reducing the time required and minimizing shear forces on the axle during high-power braking.
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
Title of the invention: Improvement of a rapid change of wheels on a bicycle
[0001] The present invention relates to improvements made in the field of mounting and fixing a wheel on a bicycle. It relates more particularly to an improved device for improving the speed of changing a wheel on a bicycle and in particular with rear wheels equipped with a cassette with a freewheel and at least one or more sprockets, and or not with a brake disc, always leaving the cassette body equipped with the sprockets and the freewheel on one side and the disc support on the other, on the bicycle frame, and as described in French patent application No. FR1770719 filed on July 6, 2017 in the name of the same inventor.
[0002] The invention finds its application among bicycle manufacturers and among manufacturers of wheels and their equipment.
[0003] The object of the invention finds a particularly advantageous but not exclusive application for equipping a road or all-terrain competition bicycle.
[0004] The wheels used on competition bikes consist of a wheel hub connected by spokes to the rim on which the tire is located. The hub is equipped with bearings supported by a hollow axle in which is placed the locking system consisting of an axle passing through a first branch of the frame or fork and which screws into the second branch of the frame or fork. The rear wheel is possibly equipped with a cassette body with freewheel comprising the transmission sprockets. On all current wheels this set of sprockets with freewheel is integral with the wheel hub, this requires having to jump the chain from the sprockets to be able to remove the wheel. To facilitate the operation the cyclist must first position the chain on the last, outermost sprocket.The wheel change operation after a puncture, for example, is done as follows: the cyclist positions his chain on the last sprocket (if it is the rear wheel), he loosens the tightening of the thru axle and removes it, he removes the wheel from the frame or fork yokes by releasing the chain from the sprocket (if it is the rear wheel), he takes a new wheel and engages the chain on the last sprocket (if it is a rear wheel), replaces the wheel in the frame or fork yokes, replaces the thru axle and tightens it, then the cyclist gets back on his bike and sets off again with a large gear if it is the rear wheel (because he is using the smallest sprocket) which he must quickly change to be able to rejoin the peloton as quickly as possible.
[0005] Changing a wheel (especially the rear wheel) after a puncture (for example) is a problem for professional teams who can see all their leader's chances of victory disappear because of the excessive time required to do this operation. The disc braking system further complicates the operation because the disc is fixed to the hub on the opposite side to that of the sprocket cassette, and when engaging the wheel in the frames of the frame or fork, it will be necessary to take care that the disc fits well in the brake caliper which is fixed near the frame or fork frame. This delicate operation increases the time taken to change the wheel and further reduces the chances of victory.
[0006] A solution has already been given by the same inventor in his patent application No. FR1770719 filed on July 6, 2017. This original assembly proposes a three-part wheel system comprising a reduced number of parts while offering great rigidity. More precisely, this assembly consists of a first part called a disc holder sleeve which supports the brake disc and which is fixed freely in rotation on a first branch of the frame or fork by means of a bearing fixed in the branch of the frame or fork, of a second part called a sprocket holder sleeve which possibly includes the sprocket cassette and the freewheel system commonly used on competition bikes. This second part is fixed freely in rotation on a second branch of the frame or fork by means of a bearing fixed in the branch of the frame or fork.The third part is the single wheel that fits between the first two parts. Once the axle is removed, the wheel can be extracted in one direction, sliding between the two sleeves, in a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the wheel and can be inserted in the other direction and have the bores of the three parts coaxial to allow the axle to be inserted to secure the assembly.
[0007] The transmission of power during braking, either from the wheel to the disc holder sleeve, and during pedaling, either from the sprocket holder sleeve to the wheel is achieved by the interlocking of the wheel hub with the disc holder hub of the disc holder sleeve and with the hub with flange of the sprocket holder sleeve respectively via “V” shapes having lateral surfaces in contact which are not obtained by revolution around the common axis of rotation of the three parts and which are roughly perpendicular to the contact surfaces of the wheel hub with the disc holder hub on one side and the hub with flange on the other.The "V" shapes allow, on the one hand, to transmit the power of the wheel to the disc holder sleeve and the sprocket holder sleeve, and on the other hand to help with the insertion of the wheel between the disc holder sleeve and the sprocket holder sleeve, because on each side of the wheel the small side of the "V" shape of one of the parts engages in the large opening of the "V" shape of the concomitant part, the progressive contact of the two complementary shapes forces the two shapes to self-align as the two shapes come closer together until they are firmly supported on each other. The orientation of the . "V" shapes on the wheel hub is made so that once the axle is removed, the wheel can be extracted in one direction, by sliding between the two sleeves, in a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the wheel and roughly following the median axis of the "V" shape, and can be inserted in the other direction and have the bores of the three parts coaxial once the lateral surfaces of the "V" shapes are in contact to allow the axle to be inserted to secure the assembly.
[0008] The invention according to patent application No. FR1770719 proposes a significant improvement in the speed of changing a wheel, but the system requires the "V" shapes of the disc and sprocket holder sleeves to be positioned with the two points roughly in the same direction, i.e., that of the direction of insertion of the wheel. This position is not guaranteed because the sleeves are free to rotate and can change position between the exit of the wheel and the insertion of a new one, which requires the user to position the two sleeves by hand before inserting the wheel, thus increasing the change time.
[0009] Furthermore, the use of “V” surfaces for the transmission of power from the brake disc, for example, causes a significant shear force on the connecting shaft during very heavy braking, as may be the case with emergency braking on a steep descent and with a heavy user.
[0010] The present invention shows an improvement reducing the wheel change time because the insertion of the wheel is done whatever the angular position of the two sleeves. This improvement uses a shape of the contour of the ends of the two sleeves composed of multiple facets and which collaborate with a protrusion in the form of one half of the complementary shape of the contours of the ends of the two sleeves and made on each side of the wheel hub. During the insertion of the wheel, the shape with these multiple facets positioned regularly around the axis of rotation self-aligns with the half of the complementary shape of the wheel hub as the two shapes approach each other until they are firmly supported on each other.Once the axle is in place, the power transmission from the brake disc or sprockets to the wheel can be done by the faceted shapes but to eliminate the shear force on the axle and allow high power transmission without having to make parts that are too large, it is more advantageous to add connection shapes on the ends of the two sleeves and which collaborate perfectly with complementary connection shapes on each side of the wheel hub.
[0011] More precisely, and with reference to the attached drawings, given as non-limiting examples, where the various preferred embodiments of the invention are shown:
[0012] [Fig.l] shows a construction of a rear wheel assembly with disc braking, in accordance with the invention, in the wheel-mounted position, seen from the rear and in section along a vertical plane passing through the axis of rotation.
[0013] [Fig.2] shows the detail of the end of the disc holder seen from the side and the side of the corresponding wheel hub seen from the side, following the construction of [Fig.l].
[0014] [Fig.3] shows the similar detail of [Fig.2] but according to a second construction in accordance with the invention.
[0015] [Fig.4] shows the detail of the end of the hub with flange seen in profile and the side of the corresponding wheel hub seen in profile, following the construction of [Fig.l].
[0016] [Fig.5] shows the similar detail of [Fig.2] but according to a third construction in accordance with the invention.
[0017] [Fig.l], [Fig.2] and [Fig.4] show, by way of non-limiting example, a construction of the improved device allowing a rapid wheel change (30) to be carried out on a bicycle and in particular with the rear wheels equipped with a cassette with freewheel and at least one or more sprockets, and or not with a brake disc, always leaving the cassette body equipped with the sprockets and the freewheel on one side and the disc support on the other, on the frame or fork of the bicycle, consisting of three parts linked together by an axle (10). A first part (100) called a disc holder sleeve can be fixed on a first branch (1) of the frame or fork of the bicycle. It comprises a disc holder (101) on which a disc (102) is optionally fixed by, for example, a plurality of screws.A second part (200) called a sprocket sleeve can be fixed on a second branch (Ibis) of the frame or fork, it consists of a hub with flange (201) and possibly a cassette body (202) equipped with at least one or more sprockets used on bicycle transmissions. The cassette body (202) is possibly equipped with a freewheel (203) allowing the cassette body (202) and the hub with flange (201) to be coupled during pedaling and leaving the sprockets stationary while the hub with flange continues to rotate when the cyclist stops pedaling. A third part (300) is the wheel itself, it consists of a simple wheel hub (301) not equipped with a bearing, it is positioned between the disc holder sleeve (100) and the pinion holder sleeve (200) and is in contact with these two sleeves by flat bearing surfaces perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the wheel.A bearing surface (103) of the disc holder bears on a first bearing surface (303) of the wheel hub and a bearing surface (204) of the hub with flange bears on a second bearing surface (304) of the wheel hub. The wheel (300) is here constituted, by way of non-limiting example, of a wheel hub (301) connected to the rim (302) by a multitude of spokes (303) not shown.
[0018] The axle (10) secures the three parts by passing through bores (105), (305) and (205) of the parts (100), (300) and (200) respectively to form the complete wheel which can be rotated by means of one or more first bearings (2) of the first branch and one or more second bearings (2bis) of the second branch capable of being held in a cylindrical housing of the first and second branches of the frame or fork (1) and (1bis). By way of non-limiting example, there are one or more bearings in each housing. In the first branch (1) of the frame or fork shown in [Fig.l] are installed two first branch bearings (2) fitted on either side of the branch (1) and kept apart by a stop in the housing, a spacer (3) of the same length as the stop is placed between the inner rings of the first two bearings (2).As a non-limiting example, a nut (104) screwed onto the outer end of the disc holder (101) makes it possible to immobilize the disc holder sleeve (100) by tightening the stack of the inner rings of the first bearings (2) and the spacer (3) on the shoulder of the outer end of the disc holder (101). The disc holder sleeve (100) by tightening the inner ring(s) of the first bearing(s) (2) of the first branch can become integral with the first branch of the frame or fork (1) and can rotate freely. This construction is already described by the same inventor in patent application No. FR2201471.
[0019] The same applies, and still by way of non-limiting example, to the second bearing(s) of the second branch (2bis) in the second branch (Ibis). A nut (206) screwed onto the end of the outer end of the hub with flange (201) makes it possible to laterally immobilize the sprocket sleeve (200). The sleeve (200), by tightening the inner ring(s) of the second bearing(s) (2bis) of the second branch, can become integral with the second branch of the frame or fork (Ibis) and can rotate freely.
[0020] These assemblies are given as a non-limiting example and there are other solutions for immobilizing the sleeves with, for example, stop segments or snap rings.
[0021] Once the axle (10) has been removed, it is possible to extract the wheel (300) by sliding between the two sleeves, in a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the wheel.
[0022] The transmission of power during braking, either from the wheel to the disc, is carried out by the connection of the disc holder (101) to the wheel hub (301), possible connection surfaces (106) of the disc holder collaborate with possible first connection surfaces (306) of the wheel hub to possibly transmit the braking power, the possible connection surfaces (106) of the disc holder and the possible first connection surfaces (306) of the wheel hub are respectively positioned on the disc holder (101) and the wheel hub (301) so that the axes of rotation of the disc holder sleeve (100) and the wheel (300) respectively are collinear once the possible connection surfaces (106) of the disc holder and the possible first connection surfaces (306) of the wheel hub are connected and the disc holder sleeve (100) rests on the wheel (300).
[0023] [Fig.l] and [Fig.2] show an example of embodiment of these connection surfaces (106) and (306). The connection surfaces (106) of the disc holder are, by way of non-limiting example, formed by Ml “teeth”, in the form here of studs, regularly distributed on the bearing surface (103) of the disc holder on a diameter coaxial with the axis of rotation of the wheel and which collaborate with the first connection surfaces (306) of the wheel hub consisting of Ml shapes complementary to the Ml “teeth” and produced on the first bearing surface (303) of the wheel hub. In [Fig.2] Ml=12.
[0024] [Fig.3] shows, by way of non-limiting example, another embodiment of the connection surfaces. Here the connection surface (106b) of the disc holder (101b), is composed of a raised contour made up of Ml “teeth” in the shape, by way of non-limiting example, of a portion of a circle and regularly distributed over a diameter coaxial with the axis of rotation of the wheel. This raised contour collaborates perfectly with a complementary imprint forming the first connection surface (306b) of the wheel hub (301b). In [Fig.3] Ml=10.
[0025] The transmission of power during pedaling, either from the sprocket sleeve (200) to the wheel (300) is achieved by connecting the wheel hub (301) to the hub with flange (201), any second connection surfaces (307) of the wheel hub collaborate with any connection surfaces (207) of the hub with flange to possibly transmit the power of pedaling, the possible second connection surfaces (307) of the wheel hub and the possible connection surfaces (207) of the hub with flange are respectively positioned on the wheel hub (301) and the hub with flange (201) so that the axes of rotation of respectively the wheel (300) and the sprocket sleeve (200) are collinear once the possible second connection surfaces (307) of the wheel hub and the possible connection surfaces (207) of the hub with flange are connected and the sleeve (200) rests on the wheel (300).
[0026] [Fig.l] and [Fig.4] shows a non-limiting example of the production of these connection surfaces (207) and (307) according to a similar production to that described in [Fig.2] for the connection surfaces (106) and (306). The connection surfaces (207) of the hub with flange are, by way of non-limiting example, formed by M2 “teeth”, in the form here of studs, regularly distributed on the bearing face (204) of the hub with flange on a diameter coaxial with the axis of rotation of the wheel and which collaborate with the second connection surfaces (307) of the wheel hub consisting of M2 shapes complementary to the M2 “teeth” and produced on the second bearing surface (304) of the wheel hub. On [Fig.4] M2=12.
[0027] These constructions are given as a non-limiting example and there are other solutions for defining the connection surfaces, in particular with raised shapes on the wheel hub and hollow shapes on the disc carrier sleeve or pinion carrier, or even contours having M1 or M2 "teeth" of triangular or square shapes or any other shape arranged regularly on a diameter coaxial with the axis of rotation of the wheel and capable of transmitting a motor torque. The word "teeth" is used to define any shape of regularly distributed studs or obstacles forming a profile allowing the transmission of power.
[0028] To guide the insertion of the wheel (300) and the correct positioning of the disc holder sleeve (100) allowing the correct connection of the possible connection surfaces (106) of the disc holder with the possible first connection surfaces (306) of the wheel hub, the end of the disc holder (101) comprising the bearing surface (103) of the disc holder, has a first contour (107) of a few millimeters thick, produced on a diameter DI and coaxial with the axis of rotation of the disc holder (101), the first contour (107) is produced by a plurality of NI disc holder facets (108) identical and arranged regularly on the diameter DI and tangent to this diameter.A first protrusion (308), a few millimeters thick, located on the first bearing surface (303) of the wheel hub has a first contour fraction (309) made on the diameter DI in a manner complementary to the first contour (107) of the disc holder and coaxial with the axis of rotation of the wheel hub (301), the first contour fraction (309) of the wheel hub has a fraction of ni first wheel hub facets (312) and complementary to ni disc holder facets (108) of the first contour (107) of the disc holder, ni is at most equal to half of NI if NI is even and to the integer immediately greater than half of NI if NI is odd to allow the insertion of the disc holder sleeve (100) or the insertion of the first contour (107) of the disc holder into the first contour fraction (309) of the wheel hub, and at least equal to 2.The angular position of the disc holder facets (108) and the first wheel hub facets (312) is made so that the possible connection surfaces (106) of the disc holder collaborate with the possible first connection surfaces (306) of the wheel hub once the ni disc holder facets (108) of the first contour of the disc holder are in contact with the ni first wheel hub facets (312) of the first contour fraction of the wheel hub with Ml multiple of NI. The disc holder facets (108) of the first contour of the disc holder and the first wheel hub facets (312) of the first fraction. of the wheel hub contour make an angle Al with the bearing surfaces (103) of the disc holder and (303) of the wheel hub. The first fraction of the contour (309) of the wheel hub collaborates perfectly with the first contour (107) of the disc holder and serves as a guide during the insertion of the wheel (300) and as a stop to limit the insertion of the wheel (300) against the disc holder sleeve (100) in a coaxial position with the disc holder sleeve (100).The ni disc holder facets (108) of the first contour (107) of the disc holder self-align with the ni first wheel hub facets (312) of the first contour fraction (309) of the wheel hub as the ni disc holder facets (108) of the first contour of the disc holder approach each other until they are firmly in contact with the ni first wheel hub facets (312) of the first contour fraction of the wheel hub for perfect collaboration of the first contour (107) of the disc holder and the first contour fraction (309) of the wheel hub in a position which allows the connection of the possible connection surfaces (106) of the disc holder and the possible first connection surfaces (306) of the wheel hub.
[0029] [Fig.2] shows, by way of non-limiting example, an embodiment of a contour (107) of the disc holder (101) having Nl=6 facets (108) and which collaborate with nl=3 first facets (312) of the first fraction of contour (309) of the first protrusion (308) of the wheel hub (301). The connection surfaces (106) and (306) have Ml=12 “teeth” or a multiple of NI, here 2xNL The facets (108) and (312) are here, as a non-limiting example, flat surfaces forming an angle Al with the support surfaces (103) and (303). The first contour (107) of [Fig.2] therefore shows a hexagonal end of the disc holder (101) which collaborates with a half of a hexagon on the protrusion (308) of the wheel hub (301).
[0030] [Fig.3] shows, by way of non-limiting example, another embodiment of a first contour (107b) of the disc holder (101b) having Nl=5 facets (108b) and which collaborate with the first facets (312b) of the first contour fraction (309b) of the wheel hub (301b). The connection surfaces (106b) and (306b) have Ml=10 “teeth” or here 2xNL The facets (108b) and (312b) are here, by way of non-limiting example, flat surfaces forming an angle Al with the support surfaces (103) and (303). The contour (107b) of [Fig.3] therefore shows a pentagonal end of the disc holder (101b) which collaborates with a portion of a pentagon on the protrusion (308b) of the wheel hub (301b).This portion of pentagon is here made up of ni facets with nl=3 (i.e. the integer immediately greater than 5 / 2=2.5) but here the occurrence of the middle is deleted because the embodiment will remain in accordance with the invention even if occurrences on the ni first facets of the wheel hub (312, 312b) on the first fraction of contour (309, 309b) of the wheel hub are deleted.
[0031] To guide the insertion of the wheel (300) and the correct positioning of the pinion sleeve (200) allowing the correct connection of the possible connection surfaces (207) of the hub with flange with the possible second connection surfaces (307) of the wheel hub, the end of the hub with flange (201) comprising the bearing surface (204) of the hub with flange, has a second contour (208), a few millimeters thick, produced on a diameter D2 and coaxial with the axis of rotation of the hub with flange (201), the second contour (208) of the hub with flange is produced by a plurality of N2 identical hub facets with flange (209) arranged regularly on the diameter D2 and tangent to this diameter.A second protrusion (310), a few millimeters thick, located on the second bearing surface (304) of the wheel hub (301) has a second contour fraction (311) made on the diameter D2 in a manner complementary to the second contour (208) and coaxial with the axis of rotation of the wheel hub (301), the second contour fraction (311) has a fraction of n2 second wheel hub facets (313) and complementary to n2 hub facets with flange (209). n2 is at most equal to half of N2 if N2 is even and to the integer immediately greater than half of N2 if N2 is odd to allow the insertion of the cassette holder sleeve (200) or the insertion of the second contour (208) in the second contour fraction (311) and at least equal to 2.The angular position of the hub facets with flange (209) and the second wheel hub facets (313) is made so that the possible connection surfaces (207) of the hub with flange collaborate with the possible second connection surfaces (307) of the wheel hub once the n2 facets of the hub with flange (209) are in contact with the n2 second wheel hub facets (313) with M2 multiple of N2. The hub facets with flange (209) and the second wheel hub facets (313) make an angle A2 with the bearing surfaces (204) of the hub with flange and second bearing surface (304) of the wheel hub. The second contour fraction (311) collaborates perfectly with the second contour (208) and serves as a guide during the insertion of the wheel (300) and as a stop to limit the insertion of the wheel (300) against the pinion sleeve (200) in a coaxial position with the pinion sleeve (200).The n2 hub facets with flange (209) of the second contour (208) self-align with the n2 second wheel hub facets (313) of the second contour fraction (311) as the n2 hub facets with flange (209) approach each other until they are firmly supported on the n2 second wheel hub facets (313) for perfect collaboration of the second contour (208) and the second contour fraction (311) in a position which allows the connection of the possible second connection surfaces (307) of the wheel hub and the possible connection surfaces (207) of the hub with flange.
[0032] [Fig.l] and [Fig.4] shows, by way of non-limiting example, an embodiment of a second contour (208) of the hub with flange (201) having N2=6 facets (209) and which collaborate with n2=3 facets (313) of the second protrusion (310) of the wheel hub (301). The connection surfaces (207) of the hub with flange are here produced by M2=12 stud-shaped “teeth” which collaborate with the second connection surfaces (307) of the wheel hub consisting of M2=12 impressions, i.e. a multiple of N2, here 2xN2. The facets (209) and (313) are here, by way of non-limiting example, flat surfaces forming an angle A2 with the support surfaces (204) and (304). The second contour (208) of [Fig.4] therefore shows a hexagonal end of the hub with flange (201) which collaborates with a half hexagon on the protrusion (310) of the wheel hub (301).The embodiment will remain in accordance with the invention even if occurrences on the n2 second wheel hub facets (313) on the second contour fraction (311) of the wheel hub are deleted.
[0033] [Fig.5] shows, by way of non-limiting example, another embodiment of a first contour (107c) of the disc holder (101c) having the minimum number, i.e. Nl=3 facets (108c) and which collaborate with ni=2 (2 integer immediately greater than 3 / 2=1.5) “V” facets (312c) of the first protrusion (308c) of the wheel hub (301c). The facets (108c) and (312c) are here, by way of non-limiting example, flat surfaces forming an angle Al with the support surfaces (103) and (303).
[0034] Patent application No. FR1770719 already describes a “V” construction but here the first contour (107c) of [Fig.5] shows one end of the disc holder (101c) formed by 3 identical flat surfaces, i.e. in the shape of an equilateral triangle which collaborates with two “V” facets on the protrusion (308b) of the wheel hub (301b). The equilateral triangle allows insertion of the wheel without worrying about the angular position of the sleeve. This feature is already described by the same inventor in his presentation on the site “lagarconcept.com” of the first quick wheel removal system, but in this presentation only the cassette holder sleeve uses this insertion feature without worrying about the angular position of the sleeve because the disc holder sleeve must absolutely have a very precise position and only one for the clamping system to work. The construction of [Fig.5] allows the wheel to be inserted without worrying about the angular position of the cassette holder sleeve and the disc holder sleeve, which increases speed and facilitates wheel changes.
[0035] In this construction of [Fig.5], the transmission of power from the disc holder sleeve (101c) to the wheel hub (301c) is made solely by the contact of the facets (108c) of the first contour (107c) of the disc holder with the first facets (312c) of the first contour fraction (309c) of the wheel hub. The connection surface (106c) of the disc holder is here composed of a raised disc, i.e. Ml=oo, which corresponds to an imprint (306c) of the same diameter on the first bearing surface (303) of the wheel hub (301c), there is therefore no power transmission by these connection surfaces but just a centering which allows, once the axle (10) is in position and tightened, to take up all the shear forces created by the power transmission of the "V" facets (108c) and (312c). The assembly will remain in accordance with the invention with a "serrated" shape, i.e. Ml^oo and multiple of NI, of the connection surfaces (106c) and (306c) as described in [Fig.3], and ensuring power transmission. The assembly will remain in accordance with the invention without connection surfaces (106c) and (306c) and therefore power transmission ensured only by the "V" facets (108c) and (312c) by creating shear forces on the axle (10).
[0036] The assembly will remain in accordance with the invention if the power transmission from the disc carrier sleeve (100) and / or pinion carrier sleeve (200) to the wheel (300) is achieved solely by the contact of the disc carrier facets (108, 108b, 108c) and / or the hub facets with flange (209) with the first wheel hub facets (312, 312b, 312c) and / or second wheel hub facets (313) respectively.The respective connection surfaces (106, 106b, 106c) of the disc holder and the first connection surfaces (306, 306b, 306c) of the wheel hub and / or the connection surfaces (207) of the hub with flange and the second connection surfaces (307) of the wheel hub are then composed of respectively Ml=oo and / or M2=oo either in the form of a disc which cannot transmit power but acts as a centering device to absorb all the shear forces created by the power transmission of the respective disc holder facets (108, 108b, 108c) and / or hub facets with flange (209) in contact with the respectively first wheel hub facets (312, 312b, 312c) and / or second wheel hub facets (313), or are not present.
[0037] In the embodiments described in [Fig.2], [Fig.3], [Fig.4] and [Fig.5], the disc holder facets (108, 108b, 108c), the first wheel hub facets (312, 312b, 312c), the hub facets with flange (209) and the second wheel hub facets (313) are planar surfaces but the assembly will remain in accordance with the invention with non-planar surfaces and, for example without limitation, with respectively disc holder facets (108, 108b, 108c) and / or hub with flange (209) having concave or convex surfaces which collaborate with respectively first hub facets (312, 312b, 312c) and / or second wheel hub facets (313) complementary having concave or convex surfaces, or any other distributed shapes regularly on the diameter DI or D2.
[0038] The angle A1 and / or A2 are / is close to 90°. More advantageously, the angle A1 is determined to be much less than 90° so that the contacts of the disc holder facets (108, 108b, 108c) with the first wheel hub facets (312, 312b, 312c) are are in the shape of a "dovetail" of inclination Al to secure the fitting of the disc holder (101, 101b, 101c) on the wheel hub (301, 301b, 301c) once the axle (10) is introduced. Thus with an axle (10) even strongly loosened and no longer giving firm contact between the bearing surface (103) of the disc holder and the first bearing surface (303) of the wheel hub, the disc holder (101, 101b, 101c) will remain fitted, even imperfectly due to manufacturing tolerances, with the wheel hub (301, 301b, 301c) to continue to transmit the braking power. In the same way, the angle A2 is determined to be well below 90° so that the contacts of the hub facets with flange (209) with the second wheel hub facets (313) are made in the form of a “dovetail” of inclination A2 to secure the fitting of the hub with flange (201) on the wheel hub (301) once the axle (10) is introduced.Thus with an axle (10) even if very loose and no longer giving firm contact between the bearing surface (204) of the hub with flange and the second bearing surface (304) of the wheel hub, the hub with flange (201) will remain fitted, even imperfectly due to manufacturing tolerances, with the wheel hub (301) to continue to transmit the power of pedaling.
[0039] All these solutions are described for the assembly of a rear wheel but they can be used in exactly the same way for the assembly of a front wheel equipped with disc brakes. The assembly of a bicycle front wheel equipped with disc brakes is carried out in the same way as assembly (30) but with a hub with flange (201) bare and not equipped with sprockets and freewheel. The front wheel (300) is identical to that described for the assembly of the rear wheel. There is therefore no rear wheel and no front wheel but a single wheel (300) which can be mounted at the front as well as at the rear.
[0040] The object of the invention finds a particularly advantageous but not exclusive application for equipping a road or all-terrain competition bicycle.
Claims
1. Claims Device for performing a quick wheel change (30) on a bicycle, consisting of three parts linked together by an axle (10), a first part (100) called a disc holder sleeve can be fixed on a first branch (1) of the frame or fork of the bicycle, it comprises a disc holder (101), a second part (200) called a sprocket holder sleeve can be fixed on a second branch (Ibis) of the frame or fork, it consists of a hub with flange (201) and a cassette body (202) equipped with at least one or more sprockets, a third part (300) is the wheel itself, it consists of a simple wheel hub (301) not equipped with a bearing, it is positioned between the disc holder sleeve (100) and the sprocket holder sleeve (200) and is in contact with these two sleeves by flat bearing surfaces perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the wheel,a bearing surface (103) of the disc holder rests on a first bearing surface (303) of the wheel hub and a bearing surface (204) of the hub with flange rests on a second bearing surface (304) of the wheel hub, the axle (10) secures the three parts to form the complete wheel which can be rotated by means of one or more first bearings (2) of the first branch and one or more second bearings (2bis) of the second branch capable of being held in a cylindrical housing of the first and second branches of the frame or fork (1) and (1bis), the disc holder sleeve (100) by tightening the inner ring(s) of the first bearing(s) (2) of the first branch can become secured to the first branch of the frame or fork (1) and can rotate freely,the sleeve (200) by tightening the inner ring(s) of the second bearing(s) (2bis) of the second branch can become integral with the second branch of the frame or fork (Ibis) and can rotate freely, once the axle (10) is removed it is possible to extract the wheel (300) in a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the wheel, the transmission of power during braking, either from the wheel to the disc is carried out by the connection of the disc holder (101) to the wheel hub (301), connection surfaces (106) of the disc holder collaborate with first connection surfaces (306) of the wheel hub to transmit the braking power, the surfaces, of connections (106) of the disc holder and the first connection surfaces (306) of the wheel hub are respectively positioned on the disc holder (101) and the wheel hub (301) so that the axes of rotation of respectively the disc holder sleeve (100) and the wheel (300) are collinear once the connection surfaces (106) of the disc holder and the first connection surfaces (306) of the wheel hub are connected and the disc holder sleeve (100) rests on the wheel (300), the transmission of power during pedaling, either from the sprocket sleeve (200) to the wheel (300) is carried out by the connection of the wheel hub (301) to the hub with flange (201), second connection surfaces (307) of the wheel hub collaborate with connection surfaces (207) of the hub with flange to transmit the power of pedaling,the second connection surfaces (307) of the wheel hub and the connection surfaces (207) of the hub with flange are respectively positioned on the wheel hub (301) and the hub with flange (201) so that the axes of rotation of the wheel (300) and the pinion sleeve (200) are collinear once the second connection surfaces (307) of the wheel hub and the connection surfaces (207) of the hub with flange are connected and the pinion sleeve (200) is supported on the wheel (300), characterized in that the connection surfaces (106) of the disc holder are formed by Ml “teeth” regularly distributed on the support surface (103) of the disc holder on a diameter coaxial with the axis of rotation of the wheel and which collaborate with the first connection surfaces (306) of the wheel hub consisting of Ml shapes complementary to the Ml “teeth” and produced on the first surface support (303) of the wheel hub,the connection surfaces (207) of the hub with flange are formed by M2 “teeth” regularly distributed on the bearing face (204) of the hub with flange on a diameter coaxial with the axis of rotation of the wheel and which collaborate with the second connection surfaces (307) of the wheel hub consisting of M2 shapes complementary to the M2 “teeth” and produced on the second bearing surface (304) of the wheel hub, the end of the disc holder (101) comprising the bearing surface (103) of the disc holder, has a first contour (107) produced on a diameter DI and coaxial with the axis of rotation of the disc holder (101), the first contour (107), is produced by a plurality of NI disc holder facets (108) identical and arranged regularly on the diameter DI and tangent to this diameter, a first protrusion (308) located on the first bearing surface (303) of the wheel hub has a first contour fraction (309) produced on the diameter DI in a manner complementary to the first contour (107) of the disc holder and coaxial with the axis of rotation of the wheel hub (301), the first contour fraction (309) of the wheel hub has a fraction of ni first wheel hub facets (312) complementary to ni disc holder facets (108) of the first contour (107) of the disc holder, ni is at most equal to half of NI if NI is even and to the integer immediately greater than half of NI if NI is odd to allow the insertion of the disc holder sleeve (100) or the insertion of the first contour (107) of the disc holder into the first contour fraction (309) of the wheel hub and at least equal to 2,the angular position of the disc holder facets (108) and the first wheel hub facets (312) is made so that the connection surfaces (106) of the disc holder collaborate with the first connection surfaces (306) of the wheel hub once the ni disc holder facets (108) of the first contour of the disc holder are in contact with the ni first wheel hub facets (312) of the first fraction of the contour of the wheel hub with Ml multiple of NI, the disc holder facets (108) of the first contour of the disc holder and the first wheel hub facets (312) of the first fraction of the contour of the wheel hub make an angle Al with the bearing surfaces (103) of the disc holder and (303) of the wheel hub,the first contour fraction (309) of the wheel hub collaborates with the first contour (107) of the disc holder and serves as a guide during the insertion of the wheel (300) and as a stop to limit the insertion of the wheel (300) against the disc holder sleeve (100) in a coaxial position with the disc holder sleeve (100), the ni disc holder facets (108) of the first contour (107) of the disc holder self-align with the ni first wheel hub facets (312) of the first contour fraction (309) of the wheel hub as the ni disc holder facets (108) of the first contour of the disc holder approach each other until they are firmly in contact with the ni first wheel hub facets (312) of the first contour fraction of the wheel hub for,
2. a collaboration of the first contour (107) of the disc holder and the first contour fraction (309) of the wheel hub in a position which allows the connection of the connection surfaces (106) of the disc holder and the first connection surfaces (306) of the wheel hub. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the end of the hub with flange (201) comprising the bearing surface (204) of the hub with flange, has a second contour (208) produced on a diameter D2 and coaxial with the axis of rotation of the hub with flange (201), the second contour (208) of the hub with flange is produced by a plurality of N2 identical hub facets with flange (209) arranged regularly on the diameter D2 and tangent to this diameter, a second protrusion (310) located on the second bearing surface (304) of the wheel hub (301) has a second contour fraction (311) produced on the diameter D2 in a manner complementary to the second contour (208) and coaxial with the axis of rotation of the wheel hub (301), the second contour fraction (311) has a fraction of n2 second wheel hub facets (313) complementary to n2 hub facets with flange (209),n2 is at most equal to half of N2 if N2 is even and to the integer immediately greater than half of N2 if N2 is odd to allow the insertion of the cassette holder sleeve (200) or the insertion of the second contour (208) in the second fraction of contour (311) and at least equal to 2, the angular position of the hub facets with flange (209) and the second wheel hub facets (313) is made so that the connection surfaces (207) of the hub with flange collaborate with the second connection surfaces (307) of the wheel hub once the n2 hub facets with flange (209) are in contact with the n2 second wheel hub facets (313) with M2 multiple of N2, the hub facets with flange (209) and the second wheel hub facets (313) make an angle A2 with the bearing surfaces (204) of the hub with flange and second bearing surface (304) of the wheel hub,the second contour fraction (311) collaborates with the second contour (208) and serves as a guide during the insertion of the wheel (300) and as a stop to limit the insertion of the wheel (300) against the pinion sleeve (200) in a coaxial position with the pinion sleeve (200), the, n2 hub facets with flange (209) of the second contour (208) self-align with the n2 second wheel hub facets (313) of the second contour fraction (311) as the n2 hub facets with flange (209) approach each other until they are firmly supported on the n2 second wheel hub facets (313) for collaboration of the second contour (208) and the second contour fraction (311) in a position which allows the connection of the second connection surfaces (307) of the wheel hub and the connection surfaces (207) of the hub with flange.
3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the disc holder facets (108, 108b, 108c) and the first wheel hub facets (312, 312b, 312c) are flat surfaces.
4. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the hub facets with flange (209) and the second wheel hub facets (313) are flat surfaces.
5. Device according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that occurrences on the ni first wheel hub facets (312, 312b) on the first contour fraction (309, 309b) of the wheel hub are suppressed.
6. Device according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that occurrences on the n2 second wheel hub facets (313) on the second contour fraction (311) of the wheel hub are deleted.
7. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the angle A1 and / or A2 is / are close to 90°.
8. Device according to any one of claims 1, 3 or 5, characterized in that the angle Al is determined to be well below 90° so that the contacts of the disc holder facets (108, 108b, 108c) with the first wheel hub facets (312, 312b, 312c) are made in the form of a "dovetail" of inclination Al to secure the fitting of the disc holder (101, 101b, 101c) on the wheel hub (301, 301b, 301c) once the axle (10) is introduced, thus with an axle (10) even strongly loosened and no longer giving firm contact of the bearing surface (103) of the disc holder and the first bearing surface (303) of the wheel hub, the disc holder (101, 101b, 101c) will remain engaged with the wheel hub (301, 301b, 301c) to continue transmitting braking power.
9. Device according to any one of claims 2, 4 or 6, characterized in that the angle A2 is determined to be well below 90° so that the contacts of the hub facets with flange (209) with the second wheel hub facets (313) are made in the form of a "dovetail" of inclination A2 to secure the fitting of the hub with flange (201) on the wheel hub (301) once the axle (10) is introduced, thus with an axle (10) even strongly loosened and no longer giving firm contact of the bearing surface (204) of the hub with flange and the second bearing surface (304) of the wheel hub, the hub with flange (201) will remain fitted with the wheel hub (301) to continue to transmit the power of pedaling.
10. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the power transmission from the disc carrier sleeve (100) and / or pinion carrier sleeve (200) to the wheel (300) is achieved solely by the contact of the disc carrier facets (108, 108b, 108c) and / or the hub facets with flange (209) with the first wheel hub facets (312, 312b, 312c) and / or second wheel hub facets (313) respectively.
11. Device according to claim 10 characterized in that the respective connection surfaces (106, 106b, 106c) of the disc holder and / or the connection surfaces (207) of the hub with flange are composed of a raised disc, either M1=oo and / or M2=oo which corresponds to an imprint of the same diameter of the first connection surfaces (306, 306b, 306c) of the wheel hub and / or the second connection surfaces (307) of the wheel hub, not being able to transmit power but acting as a centering device to take up the shear forces created by the transmission of power of the respective disc holder facets (108, 108b, 108c) and / or hub facets with flange (209) in contact with the respective first wheel hub facets (312, 312b, 312c) and / or second wheel hub facets (313).