Fertilizing composition based on renewable phosphate fertilizers.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fertilizing composition based on renewable phosphate fertilizers by proposing a composition which includes struvite, at least two trace elements, at least one secondary element, and at least one clay.

Description

Title of the invention: Fertilizing composition based on renewable phosphate fertilizers. technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to a fertilizing composition based on renewable phosphate fertilizers.

[0002] STATE OF THE ART

[0003] Phosphate is used extensively in the form of chemical fertilizers in our agriculture. Every year, more than 45 million tons of phosphate fertilizers are consumed worldwide to meet global food demand. However, the phosphorus used for fertilizer production comes from non-renewable resources. In addition to their negative impact on mycorrhizae, the depletion of phosphorus resources poses a major risk to food security. Therefore, it is imperative to find solutions to limit the use of non-renewable phosphate fertilizers.

[0004] In view of the foregoing, there is therefore a need for a fertilizing composition based on renewable phosphate fertilizers.

[0005] DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0006] The inventors have surprisingly determined that the fertilizer composition according to the invention based on renewable phosphate fertilizers makes it possible to improve plant nutrition more effectively than conventional phosphate fertilizers such as DAP or struvite alone (see examples).

[0007] Struvite is a mineral of the hydrated phosphate family, namely a double ammonium and magnesium phosphate hexahydrate with the chemical formula NH4MgPO4. It is a mineral naturally present in manure and guano, as well as in pathologies of the urinary tract and renal tract.

[0008] Struvite contains approximately per kilogram of crystalline struvite: 126.2 g of phosphorus or 387.0 g of phosphate, 57.1 g of nitrogen or 73.5 g of ammoniacal nitrogen and 99.0 g of magnesium.

[0009] Struvite poses a problem in wastewater treatment plants due to the accumulation of its crystals in the pipes and a reduction in water flow. Currently, numerous methods exist to control struvite nucleation in wastewater treatment plants and reduce the amount of phosphate entering water bodies.

[0010] There is considerable interest in the recycling of phosphorus (P) in the form of struvite for environmental, economic and commercial reasons. Rather than generating waste to be disposed of, the phosphate recovered in the form of struvite can be advantageously used as fertilizer and also deserves the designation "renewable fertilizer" because of its source.

[0011] An additional advantage of struvite is its limited solubility. The fertilizer dissolves over time to provide nutrients at a rate that plants can utilize. Highly soluble fertilizers tend to release nutrients at a faster rate than plant absorption, resulting in fertilizer waste and negative environmental impacts.

[0012] Unfortunately, the use of struvite alone as a phosphate fertilizer is not as effective as conventional phosphate fertilizers. The present invention addresses this need by providing a struvite-based composition that improves plant nutrition more effectively than conventional phosphate fertilizers such as DAP or struvite alone (see examples).

[0013] The fertilizer composition according to the invention comprises struvite, at least two trace elements, at least one secondary element, and at least one clay.

[0014] At least the first and second trace elements may be selected from the group consisting of Manganese, manganese sulfate, Iron, Zinc, zinc oxide, zinc sulfate, Copper, Molybdenum, Cobalt, Sodium chloride, Potassium chloride, Ferric sulfate, Copper sulfate, Cobalt chloride, Chlorine, Boron, Nickel, Vanadium, Silicon, Iron chelate, Copper chelate, Zinc chelate, Manganese chelate, Boron chelate, Molybdenum chelate, Selenium, sodium selenite, preferably Molybdenum, Nickel, Copper, Zinc, Zinc oxide, Manganese, Boron, Iron, Selenium, Sodium selenite and Chlorine, more preferably Zinc oxide and Selenium or Sodium selenite, even more preferably the first trace element is Selenium and the second The trace element is zinc oxide.

[0015] At least one secondary element may be selected from the group consisting of urea, magnesium, magnesium carbonate, ammonium, ammonium chloride, ammonium molybdate, ammonium sulfate, magnesium oxide, magnesium chloride, ammonium nitrosulfate, potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, sodium chloride, diammonium phosphate, ammonium chloride, monocalcium phosphate, dicalcium phosphate, tricalcium phosphate, single superphosphate, triple superphosphate, zinc sulfate, iron sulfate, calcium phosphate, monopotassium phosphate, sodium nitrate, the Magnesium nitrate, potassium phosphate, potassium bicarbonate, potassium sulfite, Calcium sulfate, potassium oxide, ammonium phosphate, magnesium oxide, polyphosphate, ammonium sulfamate, ammonium carbonate, sulfur, potassium carbonate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, preferably ammonium sulfate.

[0016] At least one clay may be selected from the group consisting of sepiolite, bentonite, kaolinite, illite, montmorillonite, vermiculite, halloysite, attapulgite, saponite, chlorite, mica, illite-montmorillonite, smectite, heulandite and mixtures thereof, preferably sepiolite.

[0017] According to one embodiment, the fertilizer composition according to the invention comprises: - between 5% and 98.9%, between 25% and 98%, between 50% and 97.5%, between 75% and 97%, between 85% and 96%, or between 87% and 94%, preferably between 88% and 92% by weight of struvite; - between 0.005% and 10%, between 0.01% and 5%, between 0.025% and 2.5%, or between 0.05% and 1%, preferably between 0.1% and 0.55% by weight of a first trace element; - between 0.005% and 10%, between 0.01% and 5%, between 0.05% and 4%, or between 0.1% and 3%, preferably between 0.5% and 2.8% by weight of a second trace element; - between 0.25% and 10%, between 0.5% and 5%, or between 0.75% and 4.5%, preferably between 1% and 4% by weight of a secondary element; and - between 0.1% and 10%, between 0.25% and 5%, or between 0.5% and 3%, preferably between 0.6% and 2.6% by weight of at least one clay.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the fertilizer composition according to the invention comprises between 5% and 98.9%, between 25% and 98%, between 50% and 97.5%, between 75% and 97%, between 85% and 96%, or between 87% and 94%, preferably between 88% and 92% by weight of struvite; between 0.005% and 10%, between 0.01% and 5%, between 0.025% and 2.5%, or between 0.05% and 1%, preferably between 0.1% and 0.55% by weight of selenium; between 0.005% and 10%, between 0.01% and 5%, between 0.05% and 4%, or between 0.1% and 3%, preferably between 0.5% and 2.8% by weight of zinc oxide; between 0.25% and 10%, between 0.5% and 5%, or between 0.75% and 4.5%, preferably between 1% and 4% by weight of ammonium sulfate; and between 0.1% and 10%, between 0.25% and 5%, or between 0.5% and 3%, preferably between 0.6% and 2.6% by weight of sepiolite.

[0019] According to one embodiment, the fertilizer composition according to the invention is in the form of a powder, an emulsion in water, or in granular form, preferably in granular form.

[0020] Preferably, the fertilizer composition is applied at a rate of 2.5 to 500 kg / ha, 5 to 200 kg / ha, 10 to 100 kg / ha, preferably 15 to 50 kg / ha.

[0021] According to one embodiment, the fertilizing composition according to the invention further comprises between 0.1% and 15% of at least one mycorrhizal fungus.

[0022] The inventors have surprisingly determined that the use of the composition according to the invention in combination with at least one mycorrhizal fungus makes it possible to ensure and improve plant nutrition by increasing the phosphorus content in plants while promoting the development of mycorrhizae, and this contrary to the use of conventional phosphate fertilizers such as DAP or struvite alone.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the mycorrhizal fungus is chosen from the group consisting of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, an ecto-mycorrhizal fungus, an ectendo-mycorrhizal fungus and an ericoid mycorrhizal fungus or a combination thereof.

[0024] Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are characterized by their intracellular growth within plant cells, where they form arbuscules and vesicles. Arbuscules are highly branched, tree-like structures that contribute to the exchange of carbon and nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphate. Vesicles are bladder-like structures to which the function of nutrient storage is attributed. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi form underground fruiting bodies. Preferred embodiments include, but are not limited to, Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices.

[0025] Ecto-mycorrhizal fungi do not form arbuscules and vesicles. Instead, they grow around and within roots, where they form a specific structure called a "Hartig net." The fungal threads that form the Hartig net grow intercellularly. As they grow around the roots, the ecto-mycorrhizal fungi form a layer around the root. The color and shape of this layer can vary depending on the species of ecto-mycorrhizal fungi. Within the Hartig net, there is an exchange of nutrients, particularly nitrogen, phosphate, and carbon. Ecto-mycorrhizal fungi form aerial fruiting bodies. Preferred embodiments include, but are not limited to, Laccaria laccata, Boletus edulis, Cantharellus cibarius, and Paxillus involutus.

[0026] Ecto-mycorrhizal fungi are characterized in that they do not form arbuscules and vesicles and develop intracellularly within root cells. Ecto-mycorrhizal fungi also form a so-called "salted net," but this is distinctly thinner than with ecto-mycorrhizal fungi. Ecto-mycorrhizal fungi can form aerial fruiting bodies. Preferred embodiments relate to, but are not limited to, the species Tuber, Tricharlna, and Wilcoxina.

[0027] Ericoid mycorrhizal fungi are characterized by intracellular growth within root cells. Ericoid mycorrhizal fungi do not form a layer, a so-called "Hartig" net, arbuscules, or vesicles. Ericoid mycorrhizal fungi form characteristic curved structures. Preferred embodiments include, but are not limited to, Hymenoscyphus ericae, Rhizoscyphus spp., and Oidiodendron spp.

[0028] Said mycorrhizal fungi, in particular a combination of different mycorrhizal fungi or different types of mycorrhizal fungi, are suitable according to the invention. These combinations have a particularly advantageous effect due to the compatibility between the different species. The overlap of non-corresponding properties such as cold tolerance, adaptation to soil conditions, tolerance to drought or waterlogging, or cooperation with selected plant species leads to an advantage when using different species or different types of mycorrhizal fungi.

[0029] According to one embodiment, the fertilizing composition according to the invention is included in or consists of the core of a granular fertilizer.

[0030] According to one embodiment, the final product intended to be applied in the soil is the combination by blending or granulation of the composition according to the invention with additional raw materials.

[0031] The fertilizer composition according to the invention may further comprise or be combined with other components selected for example from binders, additives, fillers, fillers and minerals.

[0032] The fertilizer composition may include or be combined with, but not limited to: ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate nitrate, ammonium chloride, ammonium bisulfate, ammonium polysulfide, ammonium thiosulfate, aqueous ammonia, anhydrous ammonia, ammonium polyphosphate, aluminum sulfate, calcium nitrate, calcium ammonium nitrate, sulfate, calcined magnesite, calcitic limestone, calcium oxide, calcium nitrate, dolomitic limestone, hydrated lime, calcium carbonate, diammonium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, magnesium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, potassium nitrate, potassium chloride, potassium carbonate, potassium and magnesium sulfate, potassium sulfate, sodium nitrates, magnesian limestone, magnesia, urea, urea-formaldehyde, urea ammonium nitrate, urea sulfur-coated urea, polymer-coated urea, isobutylidene diurea, K2SO4-2MgSO4, kainite, sylvinite,kieserite, Epsom salts, elemental sulfur, marl, crushed oyster shells, fishmeal, oilseed cakes, fish manure, blood meal, phosphate rock, superphosphates, slag, bone meal, fish wood, manure, bat guano, peat moss, compost, greensand, seed cake, cotton, feather meal, crab meal, fish emulsion, amino acid hydrolysates, sugars, organic acids, diamines and polyamines, humic extracts, organic amendments, biostimulants, seaweed extracts, plant extracts, live microorganisms, microorganism extracts or a combination thereof. Preferably between 0% and 80%, more preferably between 0% and 70%, more preferably between 0% and 50% by weight of the above compounds is present in the combination from said compound(s) with the fertilizer composition according to the invention.

[0033] According to another aspect of the invention, the fertilizing composition according to the invention is combined with at least one other complementary fertilizer selected from nitrogen fertilizers, potassium fertilizers, phosphate fertilizers, binary (NP,PK) and ternary (NPK) fertilizers and their combinations, and optionally in association with calcium amendments, boric acid, leonardite, organic amendments and feldspar, one or more biostimulants selected from the group consisting of amino acid hydrolysates, humic extracts, seaweed extracts, plant extracts, live microorganisms, microorganism extracts and their combinations.

[0034] Said combination of the fertilizer composition according to the invention with at least one other complementary fertilizer can be used in granular, emulsion or powder form, preferably in that it is applied at a rate of 2.5 to 500 kg / ha, 5 to 200 kg / ha, 10 to 100 kg / ha, preferably 15 to 50 kg / ha.

[0035] According to one embodiment, the sugars are chosen from mono- and di-saccharides, preferably sucrose, fructose, trehalose, glucose, arabinose, maltose, and mixtures thereof.

[0036] According to one embodiment, the amino acids are selected from threonine, lysine, phenylalanine, glutamic acid, methionine, GABA, omithine, glycine, glutamine, aspartic acid, serine, asparagine, tyrosine, tryptophan, valine, leucine, isoleucine, proline, 4-hydroxyproline, arginine, histidine, alanine, cysteine ​​and mixtures thereof.

[0037] According to one embodiment, the organic acids are selected from lactic acid, succinic acid, oxalic acid, gluconic acid, threonic acid, fumaric acid, syringic acid and mixtures thereof.

[0038] According to one embodiment, the diamines and polyamines are selected from cadaverine, putrescine, spermidine, spermine and mixtures thereof.

[0039] According to one embodiment, the organic amendment is chosen from cattle, sheep, pig, mink, rabbit and chicken manure.

[0040] According to one embodiment, live microorganisms or extracts of microorganisms Organisms are chosen from the families Thiorhodaceae, Athiorhodaceae, Chlorobacterium, Nitrobacteraceae (preferably of the genus Nitrosomonas or Nitrobacter), Thiobacterium (preferably of the genus Thiobacillus), Methanomonas (preferably of the genera Hydrogenomonas, Carboxydomonas or Methanomonas), Caulobacterium, Siderocapsaceae, Pseudomonaceae (preferably of the genera Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas, Acetobacter or Azotomonas), Spirillaceae (preferably of the genera Vibrio, Cellvibrio, Cellfalcicula, Desulfovibrio or Spirillum), Azotobacteraceae (preferably of the genera Azotobacter, Beijerinckia or Derxia), Rhizobacteraceae (preferably of the genera Rhizobium, Chromobacterium or Agrobacterium), Achrobacterium (preferably of the genus Achromobacter) or Flavobacterium, Enterobacteriaceae preferably of the genera Escherichia, Proteus, Aerobacter or Serratia, Micrococcaceae preferably of the genera Micrococcus or Sarcina, Brevibacteria preferably of the genus Brevibacterium,Lactobacillaceae, preferably of the genera Streptococcus, Leuconostoc or Lactobacillus; Corynebacillus, preferably of the genera Corynebacterium, Cellulomonas or Arthrobacter; Bacillaceae, preferably of the genera Bacillus or Clostridium, and mixtures thereof. Preferably, live microorganisms or extracts of microorganisms are selected from the species Pichia guilliermondii, Azotobacter chroococcum, Azotobacter vinelandii, Azospirillum lipoferum, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus aryabhattai, Bacillus amiloliquefaciens, Bacillus licheniformis and Oceanobacillus picturae, and mixtures thereof.

[0041] According to another aspect of the invention, the invention relates to a soil fertilization method comprising the application of the fertilizing composition according to the invention on or in said soil, preferably in that said composition according to the invention is applied at a rate of 2.5 to 500 kg / ha, 5 to 200 kg / ha, 10 to 100 kg / ha, preferably 15 to 50 kg / ha.

[0042] According to one embodiment, the soil fertilization process comprises the application of the fertilizing composition according to the invention on or in said soil for the cultivation of leafy vegetables, fruit vegetables, root vegetables, cereals, flowers, ornamental crops or vegetable crops, preferably for the cultivation of maize, potatoes, beets, rapeseed, sunflowers, soybeans, lettuce or turf.

[0043] According to another aspect of the invention, the invention relates to the use of the fertilizer composition according to the invention for the cultivation of leafy vegetables, fruit vegetables, root vegetables, cereals, flowers, ornamental crops or vegetable crops, preferably for the cultivation of maize, potatoes, beets, rapeseed, sunflowers, soybeans, lettuce or turf. For example, the use of fertilizer for growing tuberous plants such as potatoes or leafy plants such as lettuce. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0044] [Fig.1] Dry weight of soybean roots at BBCH 10, 13 days after application of treatments.

[0045] [Fig.2] Concentration of P in soybean leaves at BBCH 15.

[0046] [Fig.3] Yield of soya in T / Ha.

[0047] [Fig.4] Dry aboveground biomass of lettuce (average of g / plant).

[0048] EXAMPLES

[0049] Example 1: Effect of the fertilizer composition according to the invention on the growth, nutrient absorption and yield of soybeans.

[0050] Materials and methods - Crop: soybeans, top 5 commercial variety - 5 repetitions on a complete random block - Nitrogen and potassium fertilization: Conventional fertilization - Homogeneous culture and soil (pH 6.5)

[0051] [Tables 1] Composition Cl according to the invention: % by weight Struvite 90% Zinc Oxide 2.6% Selenium 0.5% Ammonium Sulfate 4% Sepiolite 2.9% Table 1: Composition Cl according to the invention

[0052] [Table 2] Product Treatment Rate Scale BBCH 1 Control untreated 2 DAP 100kg / ha BBCH 00 - sowing 3 Composition Cl according to the invention 25 kg / ha BBCH 00 - sowing Table 2: Test Procedures

[0053] [Tables3] Establishment, Emergence, Root Development: All cycles, General observation (PHYGEN % - Percentage of plants exhibiting phytotoxicity, VIGOR % - Plant vigor at emergence) and photos, special assessment of P deficiency at the 5-leaf stage. Harvest: General observation and photos, Harvest yield (all plots) and TKW (Thousand Kernel Weight). Table 3: Analyses of soybean plants

[0054] Results

[0055] The application of the products (Cl, DAP) did not induce phytotoxicity on the plant and the vigor of emergence was similar for all treatments (data not shown).

[0056] At BBCH 11 (13 days after application of treatments), we observed a significant increase in root biomass in the plant treated with Cl compared to DAP and the untreated plant (+6.8% and +12.5% ​​respectively) (see [Fig. 1]). The differences were significant at p=0.05.

[0057] It is interesting to note that the increase in root growth induced a better concentration of phosphorus in the leaves (see [Fig.2]) in the plant treated with Cl, which shows that the form of phosphorus in the product Cl is rapidly available when applied very close to the seed.

[0058] The early-starting effect of the Cl composition on the soybeans resulted in a better final yield (see [Fig. 3]) compared to the untreated soybean (+250 kg / ha, +5.6%). We also observed a better yield compared to the DAP treatment (+110 kg).

[0059] [Tables4] YIELD (T / Ha) Name Rate Unit Control untreated 4.81 DAP 100 kg / ha 4.95 Cl 25 kg / ha 5.06 Table 4: Final yield of soybeans

[0060] Example 2: Study of the effects of a microgranulated solid starter fertilizer according to the invention on the growth of lettuce, compared to pure struvite.

[0061] The trial was conducted on the Kyra lettuce variety. The seeds were sown in a 6-well tray containing a seed compost (G0M8) and placed under favorable conditions to initiate germination.

[0062] Two weeks after sowing, the most uniform seedlings were transplanted into 4L pots containing a 50 / 50 potting soil / sand mixture. The pots were then placed in a greenhouse for the remainder of the trial.

[0063] A nutrient solution was applied to all treatments one week after transplanting. Fertilization was optimal for all treatments. The products were applied to the soil, in contact with the root ball at the time of transplanting (see treatment table).

[0064] [Tables4] Product Instructions Dosage Stage Control - - - Ml Struvite 25kg / ha (equivalent) BBCH00 M2 Cl (see example 1) 25kg / ha (equivalent) BBCH00 Table 4: Trial modalities

[0065] Statistical analysis (with the p-value ANOVA written) of the dried biomass:

[0066] Results

[0067] [Tables5] Dry Biomass (Average g / plant) Control 4.92 Struvite 4.79 Cl 5.54 Table 5: Average dry biomass in g / plant

[0068] The Cl composition according to the invention made it possible to significantly increase (p=0.1%) the production of dry biomass compared to the control and struvite (see [Fig.4]).

Claims

1.

2.

3. Demands Fertilizing composition characterized in that it comprises: - between 5% and 98.9% by weight of struvite; - between 0.005% and 10% by weight of a first trace element; - between 0.005% and 10% by weight of a second trace element; - between 0.25% and 10% by weight of a secondary element; and - between 0.1% and 10% by weight of at least one clay. Fertilizing composition according to claim 1, characterized in that at least the first and second trace elements can be selected from the group consisting of Manganese, Manganese sulfate, Phosphorus, Iron, Zinc, Zinc oxide, Zinc sulfate, Copper, Molybdenum, Cobalt, Sodium chloride, Ammonium chloride, Ammonium molybdate, Ammonium sulfate, Potassium chloride, Ferric sulfate, Copper sulfate, Cobalt chloride, Chlorine, Boron, Nickel, Vanadium, Silicon, Iron chelate, Copper chelate, Zinc chelate, Manganese chelate, Boron chelate, Molybdenum chelate, Selenium, Sodium selenite, preferably Molybdenum, Nickel, Copper, Zinc, Zinc oxide, Manganese, Boron, Iron, Selenium, Sodium selenite and Chlorine, more preferably Zinc oxide and selenium or sodium selenite, even more preferentially the first trace element is selenium and the second trace element is zinc oxide.Fertilizing composition according to claim 1 to 2, characterized in that at least one secondary element can be selected from the group consisting of urea, magnesium, magnesium carbonate, magnesium oxide, magnesium chloride, ammonium nitrosulfate, potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate, potassium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, sodium chloride, diammonium phosphate, ammonium chloride, monocalcium phosphate, dicalcium phosphate, tricalcium phosphate, single superphosphate, triple superphosphate, zinc sulfate, iron sulfate, calcium phosphate, monopotassium phosphate, sodium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, potassium phosphate, Potassium bicarbonate, potassium sulfite, calcium sulfate,Potassium oxide, the, Ammonium phosphate, Magnesium oxide, Polyphosphate, Ammonium sulfamate, Ammonium carbonate, Sulfur, Potassium carbonate, Potassium hydrogen phosphate, preferably ammonium sulfate.

4. Fertilizing composition according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one clay is selected from the group consisting of sepiolite, bentonite, kaolinite, illite, montmorillonite, vermiculite, halloysite, attapulgite, saponite, chlorite, mica, illite-montmorillonite, smectite, heulandite and mixtures thereof, preferably sepiolite.

5. Fertilizing composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it is in powder form, in the form of an emulsion in water or in granular form, preferably in granular form.

6. A soil fertilization method comprising applying the fertilizing composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5 on or in said soil.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that said fertilizer composition is applied at a rate of 2.5 to 500, 5 to 200 kg / ha, 10 to 100 kg / ha, preferably 15 to 50 kg / ha.

8. Use of the fertilizer composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5 for the cultivation of leafy vegetables, fruit vegetables, root vegetables, cereals, flowers, ornamental crops, and vegetable crops, preferably for the cultivation of maize, potatoes, beetroot, rapeseed, sunflower, soybean, lettuce or turf.

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