Process and system for manufacturing a fiber-insulating material based on cellulose wadding, and its fiber-insulating material.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a cellulose wadding-based fiber-insulating material, in which the cardboard and / or paper to be recycled undergo a defibration step during which said cardboard and / or paper to be recycled are introduced into a wood chipper (20) comprising a stator (21) having a plurality of grooves (22) made of a metallic and / or ceramic material and a rotor (25) having a plurality of knife blades (26) made of a metallic and / or ceramic material. Figure to be published with the abstract: Fig. 2

Description

Title of the invention: Process and system for manufacturing a fiber-insulating material based on cellulose wadding, and its fiber-insulating material. Technical field.

[0001] The present invention relates to a process and a system for manufacturing a fiber-insulating material based on cellulose wadding, as well as such a fiber-insulating material obtained by implementing the manufacturing process or by the manufacturing system.

[0002] This relates to the technical field of insulation for buildings and structures used for residential and / or commercial purposes. The present invention is intended to be applied to all types of construction, and more particularly to those built in regions or geographical areas with harsh climates, whether particularly cold or particularly hot. The invention may also be applied in the industrial sector, particularly for the insulation of pipes and conduits, as well as for the insulation of machine housings, furnaces, or enclosures. State of the art.

[0003] It is known to produce insulating materials from fibers, and in particular from mineral, vegetable, or synthetic fibers agglomerated in the form of panels or rolls.

[0004] It is also known to produce insulation in the form of a plurality of superimposed plasticized or metallized films. This family of insulation, known generically as thin insulation, has interesting properties in terms of bulk but can sometimes prove poorly suited in terms of regulating the humidity of rooms.

[0005] As a general rule, insulation materials used in buildings must exhibit good resistance to the propagation of heat fluxes, good mechanical strength, and, for certain applications, non-flammability and fire resistance properties.

[0006] These insulators must also allow water vapor to pass from the inside to the outside of the buildings.

[0007] The most commonly used insulation materials are those made from mineral wool, known as glass wool or rock wool.

[0008] These insulators, which are particularly effective and have good fire resistance, have the disadvantage of requiring a very large amount of energy for their manufacture: the glass must in fact be heated to a very high temperature (several hundred degrees) to be transformed into filaments.

[0009] It has also been proposed to produce insulation based on plant fibers, typically flax or hemp. However, this type of production requires large areas of arable land and involves significant consumption of fertilizers and fuel.

[0010] It has finally been proposed to manufacture insulation based on textile fibers, for example manufacturing waste or frayed used clothing whose fibers are linked together by heat-sealable fibers so as to form a panel.

[0011] Fibrous materials can release fibers into the atmosphere over time, which presents a significant potential nuisance. In particular, insulation made from mineral fibers can emit small particles, for example, as a result of the progressive oxidation of the glass. These defects in fibrous insulation are particularly problematic when aiming to construct high-energy-performance buildings, for example, buildings equipped with dynamic wall insulation systems in which the air introduced into the rooms circulates through the spaces separating the partitions or facings from the insulation itself.

[0012] Moreover, known insulators are often difficult to implement, whether in the context of insulation from the inside or from the outside.

[0013] In most cases, a gradual settling of insulating panels or rolls made from bonded fibers, whether mineral, plant, or animal fibers, is observed. Thus, in addition to the fact that the installation of these insulators is relatively delicate, a settling phenomenon occurs in these fibrous materials, with the result that the insulation performance degrades over time.

[0014] The invention aims to remedy this situation. In particular, an objective of the invention is to provide a manufacturing process for a cellulose wadding-based fiber-insulating material that is particularly efficient throughout its life cycle while being easy to implement.

[0015] An essential objective is to offer insulation whose manufacture, implementation, use and end of life have the most positive environmental impacts possible, i.e. that the cellulose wadding of these fibro-insulating materials is made from 100% recycled material.

[0016] A complementary objective is to propose an insulator and a method of insulation from the inside and / or from the outside whose cost price is particularly low.

[0017] Another objective is to offer an effective solution to the particular problem of insulating large volume buildings, for example business premises, warehouses or large retail areas.

[0018] A complementary objective is to offer an insulator perfectly suited to dynamic insulation techniques, i.e., one that does not risk emitting in any way fibers or particles that can be carried along by an airflow circulating tangentially to the surface of this insulation.

[0019] Among the objectives of the invention, it will be noted that it also aims to provide insulating materials which allow water vapor to pass from the inside to the outside of the building, without the insulation performance being significantly affected. Presentation of the invention.

[0020] It has thus been observed by the applicant, after various experiments and manipulations, that it is particularly interesting to pass a selection of cardboard and / or paper materials through a wood shredder, advantageously of a particular type, in order to defibrate these materials to obtain a fiber-insulating material based on cellulose wadding, which in particular has excellent compaction properties.

[0021] Moreover, all the aforementioned problems related to the processes and systems of the prior art are solved thanks to the present invention, the manufacturing process and system, and the fiber-insulating material thus obtained.

[0022] Incidentally, such a structure of the fiber-insulating material makes it possible to encapsulate a very significant quantity of adjuvants and / or additives, these adjuvants and / or additives being retained within the cottony-looking encapsulating structure of the fiber-insulating material. It should be noted that in prior art cellulose wadding-based fiber-insulating materials, it is very difficult to incorporate adjuvants / additives in the form of solid powder, as these tend to escape from the material simply due to gravity. Thus, thanks to the invention, the quantity of adjuvants and / or additives required for the fiber-insulating material can be reduced.

[0023] It should be noted that these adjuvants / additives can be of all types capable of providing useful functions and properties in applications to construction and buildings. Thus, these adjuvants may consist of flame retardants, air-entraining agents (capable of increasing the amount of air contained within the material), colorants or pigments, ultraviolet (UV) stabilizers, antioxidants, lubricants, antistatic agents, and fungicides (to prevent bacterial growth). As for additives, these may consist of fillers, reinforcements, plasticizers, or blowing agents.

[0024] The solution proposed by the invention is a method for manufacturing a fiber-based insulating material made from cellulose wadding, comprising: • a selection stage for cardboard and / or paper materials in order to recover exclusively, or almost exclusively, cardboard and / or paper for recycling, and the cellulose wadding agglomerate formed by the cardboard and / or paper to be recycled, having a cellulose wadding purity greater than or equal to 75% by weight, • a shaping stage of the cellulose wadding-based fiber-insulating material,

[0025] The process is remarkable in that, following the aforementioned selection step and before the shaping step, the cardboard and / or paper to be recycled undergoes a defibration step during which said cardboard and / or paper to be recycled are introduced into a wood chipper comprising a stator having a plurality of grooves in a metallic and / or ceramic material and a rotor having a plurality of knife blades in a metallic and / or ceramic material.

[0026] The expression "recover exclusively, or almost exclusively" in relation to cardboard and / or paper to be recycled means that one or more sorting operations of materials to be recycled are carried out in order to obtain cardboard and / or paper products which make it possible to obtain a quantity of cellulose wadding, by weight, at least equal to 75% of the whole of said product or products.

[0027] Advantageously, the quantity of cellulose wadding, by weight, is at least equal to 80%, very advantageously greater than 90% or even greater than 95% when the selection step is optimized and / or when cardboard and / or "pure" paper, not from a product recycling process, is added.

[0028] Advantageously, the number of knife blades is between three and fifteen knife blades, preferably between four and twelve knife blades.

[0029] In its intended sense, the present invention is intended to apply to cardboard or paper for recycling; in other words, the invention can use exclusively recycled paper or recycled cardboard. However, it is understood here that the invention is advantageously intended to apply to a mixture of cardboard and paper, with a ratio of at least 20% by weight of one or the other of the two materials (cardboard and paper), or even very advantageously with a mixture close to 50% by weight of each of the two materials (i.e., for each, a percentage, by weight, of between 40% and 60%).

[0030] An important advantage of the present invention lies in the fact that the cellulose wadding-based fiber insulation material is homogeneous; in other words, the cellulose wadding fibers obtained through the manufacturing process and system are homogeneous in terms of their physical characteristics, particularly in terms of length and width. Thus, if the average length and width of the fibers of the cellulose wadding-based fiber insulation material are determined, the distribution of the fibers around these average values ​​is very concentrated: at least 80%, or even at least 90%, of the fibers of the fiber insulation material are located within the range formed by the average length and width values ​​± 10% of this average value.

[0031] Other advantageous features of the apparatus of the invention are listed below. Each of these features may be considered alone or in combination with the notable features defined above. Each of these features contributes, where applicable, to the resolution of specific technical problems defined further in the description and in which the notable features defined above do not necessarily participate. The latter may, where applicable, be the subject of one or more divisional patent applications:

[0032] Advantageously, the defibration step lasts, for each unit of cardboard and / or paper to be recycled introduced into the wood shredder, between one second and eight seconds, preferably between two seconds and five seconds.

[0033] Thanks to the power of the wood chipper, a production of two tonnes of fiber-insulating material per hour, or even more, can be achieved.

[0034] Preferably, an additional step is carried out involving the incorporation of adjuvants and / or additives into the cellulose wadding-based fibro-insulating material, said fillers not containing boron salt.

[0035] As explained previously, the fiber-insulating material, due to its encapsulating properties, is particularly suitable for the incorporation of adjuvants and / or additives so that, compared to fiber-insulating materials of the prior art, the quantities of adjuvants and / or additives to be incorporated are much smaller because the loss of the latter - under the effect of gravity or the handling of the material - is zero or almost zero.

[0036] The present invention also relates to a system for manufacturing a cellulose wadding-based fiber-insulating material, for implementing the manufacturing process as briefly mentioned above, comprising: • a cardboard and / or paper material selection station so as to recover exclusively, or almost exclusively, cardboard and / or paper to be recycled forming an agglomerate of cellulose wadding with a purity greater than or equal to 75% by weight; • a treatment station into which the cellulose wadding agglomerate is introduced, • a shaping station for cellulose wadding-based fiber-insulating material,

[0037] The system is remarkable in that the processing station consists of a defibration station with a wood chipper comprising a stator having a plurality of grooves in a metallic and / or ceramic material and a rotor having a plurality of knife blades in metallic and / or ceramic material, advantageously the rotor comprises between three and twelve knife blades.

[0038] Finally, the present invention further relates to a fibro-insulating material based on cellulose wadding, advantageously obtained by the aforementioned manufacturing process or by the aforementioned manufacturing system, the cellulose wadding of said fibro-insulating material having a density of between twenty-five and sixty-five kilograms per cubic meter (m3) and a purity greater than or equal to 75% by weight,

[0039] The fiber-insulating material is remarkable in that the cellulose wadding of the fiber-insulating material has a settling of less than 18% according to the standard NF EN 15101-1 when the density of the cellulose wadding is between twenty-five and thirty-five kilos per cubic meter (kg / m3) and a settling of less than 4% according to the standard NF EN 15101-1 when the density of the cellulose wadding is between forty and sixty kilos per cubic meter (kg / m3).

[0040] The European standard NF EN 15101-1 dates from April 2019 and relates to "Thermal insulation products for building applications - In-place formed cellulose-based thermal insulation (LFCI)".

[0041] Particularly interestingly, it was discovered by the applicant that for insulation applications related to the fiber-insulating material according to the invention, namely: - for a density of the fiber-insulating material between twenty-five and thirty-five kilos per cubic meter (kg / m3), the material is used in bulk, that is to say that it will be sent and put in place by spraying, blowing, insufflation or even wet projection; - for a density of the fiber-insulating material between forty and sixty kilos per cubic meter (kg / m3), the material is used in semi-rigid panels, either in rolls or in sheets.

[0042] It is understood here that the density ranges defined above are likely to be extended. In other words, for certain applications, it may be possible, for example, to use the fiber-insulating material with a density of 35, or even 40 kg / m3, in bulk, or conversely, to consider using the fiber-insulating material, with a density of approximately 20 kg / m3, to produce a semi-rigid panel.

[0043] However, what is remarkable about the fiber-insulating material according to the invention is that it exhibits a settling rate, or settling results, as defined by standard NF EN 15101-1, that are at least 15% to 20% lower than those obtained with prior art cellulose wadding-based fiber-insulating materials. In other words, during a settling test carried out according to standard NF EN 15101-1, the fiber-insulating material according to the invention, regardless of its density, is much less compacted than prior art fiber-insulating materials. It should also be noted that this settling property of the fiber-insulating material according to the invention is particularly interesting when the latter is used in bulk, particularly by spreading, blowing, injection or projection.

[0044] Advantageously, the cellulose wadding of the fibro-insulating material has a settling of less than 17% according to the standard NF EN 15101-1 when the density of the cellulose wadding is between twenty-five and thirty-five kilos per cubic meter (kg / m3) and a settling of less than 3% according to the standard NF EN 15101-1 when the density of the cellulose wadding is between forty and sixty kilos per cubic meter (kg / m3).

[0045] Advantageously, the cellulose wadding of the fibro-insulating material has a thermal conductivity of between 0.037 and 0.040 Watt per milli-Kelvin (W / mK).

[0046] It should be noted here that the measurements relating to the thermal conductivity of the fiber-insulating material were carried out in accordance with the European standard NF EN 12667 of July 2001 entitled "Thermal performance of building materials and products - Determination of thermal resistance by the guarded hot plate method and the heat flux method". The more precise measurement method, as well as some results, are presented below.

[0047] According to a particular feature of the invention, the average length of the cellulose wadding fibers in the fibro-insulating material is between 600 and 800 pm (micrometers).

[0048] According to another feature of the invention, the average width of the cellulose wadding fibers in the fibro-insulating material is between 30 and 40 pm, preferably between 35 pm and 39 pm.

[0049] Advantageously, said material comprises adjuvants and / or additives, in particular in the form of mineral salts, said salts not consisting of boron salt. Brief description of the figures.

[0050] Other advantages and features of the invention will become more apparent upon reading the description of a preferred embodiment which follows, with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are provided by way of illustrative and non-limiting examples and on which:

[0051] [Fig. 1] is a schematic perspective representation of a material selection method to recover only, or essentially, cardboard and / or paper materials.

[0052] [Fig.2] is a schematic view of a wood chipper used in the context of the present invention to carry out the defibration of cardboard and / or paper materials.

[0053] [Fig.3] is a schematic view of another wood chipper used in the context of the present invention to carry out the defibration of cardboard and / or paper materials.

[0054] [Fig.4a] and [Fig.4b] are schematic representations of an embodiment of the inner face of a stator of the wood chipper used in the context of defibration.

[0055] [Fig.5] is a schematic view of an embodiment on which are presented the rotor knife blades and a portion of the stator surface in order to visualize the interaction of these two elements.

[0056] [Fig.6] is a photograph illustrating on the one hand the fibro-insulating material obtained according to the process of the invention (a) and on the other hand a fibro-insulating material obtained according to the prior art (b), the two materials being derived from the same quantity and quality of paper to be recycled.

[0057] [Fig.7] is a photograph illustrating on the one hand the fibro-insulating material obtained according to the process of the invention (a) and on the other hand a fibro-insulating material obtained according to the prior art (b), the two materials being derived from the same quantity and quality of cardboard to be recycled.

[0058] [Fig.8] is a photograph illustrating on the one hand the fibro-insulating material obtained according to the process of the invention (a) and on the other hand two fibro-insulating materials obtained according to the prior art, one from recycled cardboard (b) the other from recycled paper (c), the fibro-insulating material according to the invention being derived from the same quantity and quality of a mixture substantially equal to 50%-50% of recycled paper and cardboard. Description of the implementation methods.

[0059] In the process according to the invention, the first step consists of a selection step of cardboard and / or paper materials so as to recover exclusively or almost exclusively cardboard and / or paper to be recycled.

[0060] In general, the phases of this selection step include: 1. the emptying of the contents of the collection bins into the upstream storage area, then 2. loading the feed hopper of the sorting lines, then 3. Automatic separation of different types of waste (magnetic sorting, particle size sorting, ballistic sorting and / or optical sorting), then 4. Quality control of the sorting process by agents, then 5. the baling of materials, then 6. Downstream storage before transport to recycling facilities. Of course, step 3 mentioned above is the most important.

[0061] This step of selecting cardboard and / or paper materials so as to recover exclusively or almost exclusively cardboard and / or paper to be recycled can be carried out in different ways as described above, it being understood that, within the framework of the invention, this step is advantageously carried out according to an optical sorting system, as schematically represented in [Fig.1].

[0062] In this [Fig. 1], optical sorting 10 is performed using an optical scanner for use in conjunction with an infrared spectrometer. Depending on the detection Once scanned, the recyclable materials 11 are placed in a first bin 12 for cardboard and / or paper and in a second bin 13 for the rest. The separation chamber 14 between these two types of recyclable materials can use a blower or an airflow 15, or even require the aid of magnetic fields.

[0063] The step of selecting cardboard and / or paper materials so as to recover exclusively, or almost exclusively, cardboard and / or paper for recycling may also use or include: - A trommel is a large cylinder inclined at a few degrees that rotates continuously around its axis. The cylinder wall is perforated with calibrated holes (of different sizes). A continuous flow of waste is poured into the upper part. The rotation and inclination of the cylinder mix the waste, carrying it downwards. - a ballistic screen consisting of an inclined mat making circular movements, hollow bodies (bottles, aerosols) bouncing and heading downwards while flat bodies (papers, cardboards) settling on the mat and being carried upwards. - an "overband" or magnetic sorting system using the principle of magnetization for sorting ferrous objects. - an eddy current separator using a powerful magnetic field to separate materials reacting to an electromagnetic flux between ferrous materials, non-metallic materials and non-ferrous metallic materials.

[0064] These four types of material selection for recycling can be advantageously used before implementing a finer selection, using optical sorting 10, as illustrated in [Fig. 1]. The selection step can further include a final sorting carried out by operators to remove all or part of the elements, other than cardboard or paper, present in or attached to the cardboard and / or paper materials.

[0065] For the purposes of this invention, recycled paper includes paper, newspapers, journals, and magazines, while recycled cardboard includes mixed cardboard, corrugated cardboard, used boxes and sheets, and corrugated cardboard scraps. According to a French definition, these items are classified and referenced as follows: Code / Reference Description of items to be recycled 1.02 mixed paper and cardboard 1.05 recycled corrugated cardboard - used boxes and sheets and corrugated cardboard scraps; 1.11 newspapers and magazines

[0066] By way of example, code / reference 1.11 may contain, out of a total of 100% mass, 13.18% by weight in office papers, 80.07% by weight in deinkable graphic papers (excluding office papers), 5.41% by weight in non-deinkable recyclable fibers, 0.15% by weight in unwanted fibrous materials of which 0.11% are sanitary papers and 0.04% are resistant wet papers, 1.20% by weight in non-fibrous materials (plastics).

[0067] Glass wool, rock wool, cellulose wadding, and flax wool are insulating materials that settle over time. Despite their inherently good performance, the effectiveness of these insulators decreases as soon as they undergo significant settling. Thus, the present invention, by proposing a low-settling fiber-reinforced insulating material, makes it possible to guarantee constant, or nearly constant, effectiveness throughout its service life.

[0068] The crusher used within the framework of the present invention is advantageously a wood crusher 20 in that the latter has a structure with a stator 21 having on its surface or its internal face a plurality of grooves 22 and a rotor 25 with a plurality of blades 26, the rotor 25 cooperating in use with the stator 21, its internal face or surface, to carry out the defibration allowing to obtain the fibro-insulating material according to the invention.

[0069] The wood chipper 20 can take several forms and dimensions adapted for such defibration and can consist of the mode shown schematically in [Fig.2], that of [Fig.3], the mode shown in figures 4a and 4b or the embodiment shown in [Fig.5].

[0070] Figure 1 shows a schematic wood chipper 20 in that it comprises A plurality of knife blades 26 are arranged or mounted on a rotor 25. This rotor 25 rotates or pivots about an axis of rotation within a stator 21, the face or internal surface of which has elements for retaining, cutting, and shearing the cardboard and / or paper material, so that the knife blades 26 can defibrate said material. In this schematic example, the rotor 25 comprises three knife blades 26, but of course, many more knife blades 26 can be provided.

[0071] It should be noted that the cardboard and / or paper material is introduced through an inlet 27 located above the assembly formed by the stator 21 and the rotor 25, and that the outlet 28 of the cardboard and / or paper material is located below this stator / rotor 21 / 25 assembly. Thus, only gravity acts in cooperation with the movement of the rotor 25 to move the cardboard and / or paper material from its inlet 27 in the wood chipper 20 to its outlet 28. This is the principle of material inlet-outlet made of cardboard and / or paper, with its inlet located above the stator-rotor assembly 21 / 25 and its outlet located below this same assembly, is advantageously present in the wood chipper 20 according to the invention, regardless of its embodiment.

[0072] Another feature of the wood chipper 20 according to the invention is the presence, at its outlet nozzle 28, of a sieve or screen 29 for filtering the shredded cardboard and / or paper material to determine its size or dimensions. Typically, this sieve or screen has calibrated orifices of at most 1 millimeter (mm), advantageously at most 0.8 mm, so that the shredded cardboard and / or paper material has a relatively small and as homogeneous a length and width as possible.

[0073] Figure 3 shows an embodiment of the wood chipper 20 according to the invention. In this embodiment, the cardboard and / or paper material is always introduced through an inlet orifice 27 located above the stator-rotor assembly 21 / 25 and this material encounters an airflow 30, coming from an air inlet 31 positioned downstream of the stator-rotor assembly 21 / 25, such that the cardboard and / or paper material rushes in or penetrates the face of the rotor 25, the very high speed rotation of the latter 25 forming a powerful suction forcing the material to penetrate between the stator 21 and the rotor 25. The rotor 25 is axially movable between a rest position (visible in [Fig.3]), at a distance from the stator 21, and a working position when its knife blades 26 are in contact with or in the immediate vicinity of the face or surface of the stator 21 in order to defibrate said material.

[0074] The wood chipper 20, more specifically the assembly formed by the stator 21 and the rotor 25, is in the form of a circular drum, in other words the stator 21 has the shape and dimensions of a cylinder in which the blades 26 of the rotor 25 rotate. In such an embodiment, the number of knife blades 26 can be much more than a dozen, between twenty-five and forty blades 26 depending on the size and dimensions of the stator 21.

[0075] The evacuation of the cardboard and / or paper material is advantageously carried out around the entire circumference or periphery of the stator 21, always by means of a sieve or grid 29 whose function is to filter the defibrated material to the desired dimensions. The airflow 30 forces the cardboard and / or paper material to pass between the knife blades 26 of the rotor 25 and the stator 21 to reach this grid or sieve 29.

[0076] According to one embodiment of the invention, the surface or inner face of the stator 21, cooperating with the knife blades 26 of the rotor 25, has two half-planes 40, 41 each consisting of a first proximal portion 42 having grooves 22 and a second distal portion 44 having recesses, pits or indentations 50. Between the two half-planes 40, 41 extends an axis of symmetry X'X such that the first and second portions 42, 44 are arranged symmetrically with respect to this axis X'X. The striations 22 are advantageously of different shapes and sizes from each other, particularly with larger shapes and sizes when these striations 22 are located near the axis of symmetry X'X.

[0077] The first two proximal portions 42 of each half-plane 40, 41 have grooves 22 arranged along inclined lines such that the inclined lines of each half-plane form a V ([Fig. 4a]) or an inverted V ([Fig. 4b]). This arrangement of the groove lines 22 has the advantage of pushing or moving the cardboard and / or paper material towards the second two portions 44. Each portion, the first 42 and the second 44, has a different and complementary defibration function. In the first portion 42, the knife blades 26 of the rotor 25 cooperate with the grooves 22 of the stator 21 to shear and cut the material to be defibrated into finer or much smaller pieces.While at the level of the second portion 44, the knife blades 26 of the rotor 25 cooperate with the housings, alveoli or recesses 50 of the surface of the stator 21 so as to finalize the defibration of the material and to obtain a homogeneous fibro-insulating material with such specific and interesting compaction properties.

[0078] Tests carried out on test tubes

[0079] The primary test performed on the fiber-insulating material specimens according to the invention is a settlement test according to standard NF EN 15101-1, and a secondary test is performed on the thermal conductivity properties of these specimens according to standard NF EN 12667. For these two tests, only a portion of the numerous tests and trials are presented, for the sake of brevity.

[0080] Settlement test:

[0081] The fiber-insulating material is loosened and then manually placed in the laboratory test box. The height of the fiber-insulating material is marked with a horizontal line.

[0082] Two initial filling densities are prepared: - a high density, at approximately 60 kg / m3, - a low density, at approximately 30 kg / m3.

[0083] The test specimens are then conditioned for at least 6 hours at (23 ± 5)°C before being mounted on the vibration table.

[0084] The test box is fixed to the vibration table and supported by a post to prevent tipping. The tests are carried out on a computer-controlled, hydraulically operated vertical vibration testing machine. The test boxes are subjected to sinusoidal vibrations at a frequency of 46.6 Hz with a maximum acceleration of 15 m / s² (meters per second squared) per 0.5 hour sequence until no further settling occurs (i.e., a settling less than or equal to 1%). The height of the fiber-insulating material is measured before the test and at the end of each sequence, then the density is calculated.

[0085] The settlement Sd is expressed as a percentage using the formula:

[0086] Sd = (SV H) x 100, as a percentage (%)

[0087] with:

[0088] S2: settlement height, in millimeters

[0089] H: height of the initial cavity, in millimeters

[0090] The density ρ of the fiber-insulating material after testing is expressed in kg / m³ using the formula

[0091] p = (m / H' x W x D) in kg / m3

[0092] with:

[0093] m: mass of the insulator, in kilograms

[0094] H': height of the cavity after testing, in meters

[0095] W: width of the cavity, in meters

[0096] D: depth of the cavity, in meters Ref. Test Initial density (kg / m3) Number of 0.5 h cycles Sd (%) Final density (kg / m3) 20282 / 1 30.8 Duration 12 minutes 16.5 36.7 20282 / 2 60.9 1 0.5 61.1

[0097] The fiber-insulating material according to the invention was inspected after each period of vibration and no hole, crack or other damage was observed.

[0098] Several test specimens according to the prior art were tested, with a density of approximately 30 kg / m³, showing a settlement of between 20% and 35%. Several test specimens according to the prior art were tested, with a density of approximately 60 kg / m³, showing a settlement of between 5% and 8%.

[0099] Thermal conductivity test:

[0100] The method used to measure thermal conductivity is the heat flux method. The fiber-insulating material is stabilized at 23°C and 50% RH (Residual Humidity). After stabilization, the fiber-insulating material is placed in a wooden frame with internal dimensions of 580 mm x 581 mm.

[0101] Three densities are measured: 30 kg / m³, 40 kg / m³ and 60 kg / m³, and three test specimens are tested at each density. The thermal conductivity measurement is carried out at an average test temperature of 10°C (hot plate temperature 20°C, cold plate temperature 20°C). 0°C). The thermal conductivity measuring apparatus used is a symmetrical configuration fluxmeter with a test specimen "LaserComp FOX 600".

[0102] The apparatus has a test specimen positioned horizontally. The ambient temperature surrounding the apparatus during the test is 10°C ± 3°C.

[0103] The calibration frequency of the flowmeter complies with Annex C of EN 12667. Calibration Certificate No. P190839-DEC / l dated June 26, 2019, for the calibration specimens used, which are polystyrene calibration specimens. The specimens are all 100 millimeters (mm) thick.

[0104] The test results are presented in the table below: Test specimen number, density, measured thermal conductivity (W / mK), average thermal conductivity (W / mK): 20282-1 40 0.03753 0.03757; 20282-2 40 0.03775; 20282-3 40 0.03742; 20282-4 60 0.03966 0.03944; 20282-5 60 0.03921; 20282-6 60 0.03721; 20282-7 30 0.03721 0.03751; 20282-8 30 0.03758; 20282-9 30 0.03775

[0105] Figures 6 to 8 show photographs of the cellulose wadding-based fiber-insulating material according to the invention (Figures 6a, 7a and 8a) compared to a cellulose wadding-based fiber-insulating material according to the prior art (Figures 6b, 7b, 8b and 8c). The cottony appearance of the fiber-insulating material according to the invention is particularly noteworthy, and it should be noted here that the invention is highly applicable to a mixture of cardboard and paper, although it is not limited to such a mixture of components, as can be seen in Figures 6 and 7.

[0106] Although the invention has been described in connection with several particular embodiments, it is clearly evident that it is by no means limited to them and that it includes all technical equivalents of the means described as well as their combinations if these fall within the scope of the invention.

[0107] The arrangement of the various elements and / or means and / or steps of the invention, in the embodiments described above, should not be understood as requiring such an arrangement in all implementations. In any event, it will be understood that various modifications can be made to these elements and / or means and / or steps, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. In particular: - the precise shape, dimensions and structural characteristics of the wood chipper, it being considered that the structural and functional elements presented here as essential must be found in a wood chipper according to the present invention; - the density of the fiber-insulating material and its use - mainly in bulk or in panels - depending on this density which may be different or even the opposite of what is presented here, it being understood that the fiber-insulating material is remarkable in that it has a settling according to the standard NF EN 15101-1 always less than or equal to 15% of fiber-insulating materials based on cellulose wadding according to the state of the art.

[0108] The use of the verb "comprise", "comprendre" or "include" and its conjugated forms does not exclude the presence of other elements or steps than those stated in a claim.

[0109] In the claims, any reference sign in parentheses shall not be interpreted as a limitation of the claim.

[0110]

Claims

Demands

1. A method for manufacturing a fiber-insulating material based on cellulose wadding, comprising: • a step of selecting cardboard and / or paper materials in such a way as to: ...

2. A manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the defibration step lasts, for each unit of cardboard and / or paper to be recycled introduced into the wood shredder (20), between one second and eight seconds, preferably between two seconds and five seconds.

3. A manufacturing process according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a step of incorporating adjuvants and / or additives into the cellulose wadding-based fibro-insulating material is further carried out, said fillers not containing boron salt.

4. A manufacturing method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a mixture of cardboard and paper to be recycled is introduced into the wood shredder (20), the percentage by weight of cardboard being between 40% and 60% and the percentage by weight of paper being between 40% and 60%.

5. A system for manufacturing a cellulose wadding-based fiber-insulating material, for carrying out the manufacturing process according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising: • a material selection station for cardboard and / or paper materials, exclusively or almost exclusively, for cardboard and / or paper to be recycled, with a cellulose wadding content greater than or equal to 75%; • a processing station into which the agglomerate is introduced, characterized in that the processing station consists of a defibration station with a wood chipper (20) comprising a stator (21) having a plurality of grooves (22) in a material metallic and / or ceramic and a rotor (25) having a plurality of knife blades (26) of metallic and / or ceramic material, advantageously the rotor (25) comprises between three and twelve knife blades (26).

6. Use of the manufacturing process according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or of the manufacturing system according to claim 5, to obtain a cellulose wadding-based fiber-insulating material having an average length of cellulose wadding fibers between 600 and 800 pm (micrometers) and / or an average width of cellulose wadding fibers between 30 and 40 pm, preferably between 35 pm and 39 pm.

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