Organic waste shredder with improved efficiency and safety.

Abstract

The invention relates to an organic waste crusher (1) comprising a frame (3) supporting at least one crushing unit (5), said unit comprising: a cutting axis (5B) and a counter-rotating drive axis (5C) positioned close to and parallel to the cutting axis (5B), the counter-rotating drive axis (5C) being knurled and associated with a speed reducer so that the rotation speed of the drive axis (5C) is lower than the rotation speed of the cutting axis (5B). This crusher makes it possible to crush any type of waste, and makes it possible to predefine the maximum size of the crushed material obtained. Figure to be published for the abstract: Figure 4

Description

Title of the invention: Organic waste crusher with improved efficiency and safety. Technical field.

[0001] The present invention relates to an organic waste crusher, as well as a method of operating said crusher.

[0002] The invention relates to the technical field of crushers for organic waste, such as kitchen or table waste of plant or animal origin, raw or cooked. State of the art.

[0003] Legislation concerning the treatment of organic waste (or "biowaste") has evolved considerably in recent years. The term "organic waste" is understood to mean kitchen and / or table waste produced by individuals or in central or professional kitchens. It includes, in particular, waste of plant or animal origin, raw or cooked, and can be in solid, liquid or pasty form. Some of this waste may also include shells, oysters or various bones. Depending on its origin, all this waste is produced in variable quantities and can have very different characteristics (for example in terms of hardness or elasticity, which can vary depending on whether it is cooked or raw). Its treatment can therefore be difficult, especially in the case of mixed waste.

[0004] In France and Europe for example, in order to comply with the standards in force (and in particular the standard resulting from Regulation (EC) No. 1069 / 2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 October 2009, or "EU 1069-2009"), this organic waste must be sanitized before being treated for composting, for methanization or other. The standard requires that this waste be crushed before being raised to a minimum temperature of 70° for 1 hour. Effective crushing requires obtaining particles smaller than 12mm.

[0005] These requirements explain why grinders are used in central or professional kitchens to process waste. However, existing grinders are generally difficult to clean and sanitize, because their components (and especially the cutting axes used for grinding) do not separate easily or are difficult to access. This lack of hygiene can be problematic in central or professional kitchens.

[0006] Published patent document WO 2009 / 109795 A1 discloses a grinder suitable for grinding solid organic waste. It comprises a grinding unit with two counter-rotating shafts provided with teeth that mesh with each other. However, this shredder does not appear to be able to accommodate a variety of waste. Finally, each shaft can be removed by the user for cleaning, but no user protection is provided. Cleaning this shredder can also be complex. Furthermore, the design and construction make it very difficult, if not impossible, to calibrate the output size of the shredded material.

[0007] Published patent document AT 13 526 U1 discloses a grinder for solid waste such as plastic or metal waste. This grinder comprises a first compartment into which the waste is introduced horizontally and then deposited on the grinding unit, said unit being constituted by axes provided with teeth which mesh with each other. However, organic waste is difficult to introduce into this grinder, and its cleaning can also be complicated. Furthermore, the design and construction make it very difficult, if not impossible, to calibrate the output size of the shredded material.

[0008] In fact, no shredder has been developed to date to process all types of organic waste. Indeed, shredders grind hard materials more easily than materials with a fibrous tendency. But none of the existing shredders allows the processing of a wide variety of organic waste, and in particular waste that can be both very hard (such as oyster shells) and very soft and elastic (such as the skin of a raw chicken for example).

[0009] The invention aims to overcome at least one of the drawbacks of the aforementioned state of the art. More particularly, the invention aims to improve the efficiency of grinders, regardless of the type of organic waste to be ground. The invention also aims to limit the weight of the grinding unit in a complete and compact assembly, in order to facilitate transport and cleaning.

[0010] The invention also aims to limit as much as possible a user's access to the grinding unit of a grinder, thus improving its safety. Presentation of the invention.

[0011] The solution proposed by the invention is an organic waste crusher comprising a frame supporting at least one crushing unit, said unit comprising: a cutting axis, and a counter-rotating drive axis positioned close to and parallel to the cutting axis, the counter-rotating drive axis is knurled and associated with a speed reducer so that the rotation speed of the drive axis is lower than the rotation speed of the cutting axis.

[0012] The presence of the speed reducer makes it possible to reduce the rotation speed of the knurled drive shaft relative to the rotation speed of the cutting shaft, which improves the efficiency of the grinding and optimizes it, regardless of the type of organic waste to be ground. The presence of the knurled shaft, which is lighter than the cutting shaft, also makes it possible to reduce the mass of the grinding unit, which facilitates its transport and its cleaning. In addition, this axis forces the waste against the cutting axis, thus improving grinding. A knurled axis is also less expensive than a cutting axis, which reduces the manufacturing costs of the grinder. Positioning the axes close to each other involves determining a distance between the axes. Counter-rotating the axes also improves grinding efficiency.

[0013] Other advantageous characteristics of the crusher which is the subject of the invention are listed below. Each of these characteristics can be considered alone or in combination with the remarkable characteristics defined above. Each of these characteristics contributes, where appropriate, to the resolution of specific technical problems defined further in the description and in which the remarkable characteristics defined above do not necessarily participate. The latter may be the subject, where appropriate, of one or more divisional patent applications:

[0014] According to an advantageous embodiment, the cutting axis is a helical axis comprising individual cutting tools arranged in a helical manner around said axis.

[0015] The use of a helical shaft comprising individual cutting tools makes it possible to improve the efficiency of crushing organic waste. This shaft also has a longer service life and improves the maintenance cost of the crusher. Indeed, a defective cutting tool can be replaced alone, and does not require the replacement of the entire shaft. Each cutting tool can also be repositioned at 90° along a vertical axis of positioning of said tool, which increases its service life. Finally, the change or repositioning of each cutting tool is easy to implement using techniques known to those skilled in the art. Indeed, they are generally mounted on the shaft by screwing, but other mounting techniques can be envisaged, such as slots and / or locking mechanisms such as levers or clips.

[0016] Additionally, the use of a helical cutting shaft provides a more uniform cut while reducing the risk of jamming, thereby improving grinding reliability and efficiency.

[0017] According to an advantageous embodiment, a diameter of the cutting axis is greater than a diameter of the drive axis.

[0018] The difference in diameter between the two axes makes it possible to optimize grinding while reducing the risk of jamming. Indeed, a larger cutting axis size increases the contact surface of the axis with the waste. This therefore improves the distribution of the material to be ground and the efficiency of grinding, while reducing the time required to grind the waste. The presence of the counter-rotating knurled axis and the lower speed of the cutting axis prevents the rebound effect on the cutting axis of the waste to be processed.

[0019] According to an advantageous embodiment, the axes of the grinding unit are mounted through a housing and at a minimum distance from each other so as to allow the adjustment of the size of the particles obtained at the outlet of said unit, and this housing is mounted on the chassis by a displacement system configured to allow its introduction and / or removal from the chassis.

[0020] The positioning or removal of the grinding unit from the chassis is easy to implement, which facilitates access to said unit by simplifying its maintenance and replacement, also improving its cleaning by reducing its duration. This simplification also reduces downtime and operating costs of the grinder. Finally, the removal of the grinding unit facilitates its sterilization using soaps and other detergents, and its possible sterilization by techniques known to those skilled in the art, such as chemical sterilization or sterilization by ultraviolet rays (abbreviated as "UV"). Thus, the hygiene and maintenance of the grinder is considerably improved.

[0021] The minimum distance is adjustable between the axes, and greatly reduces the risk of waste clogging the grinding unit. It allows adjustment of the output size of the ground material, and also reduces its mechanical wear by increasing the overall energy efficiency of the grinder. Preferably, this minimum distance is a few millimeters. More preferably, the distance between the axes remains less than 5 mm.

[0022] According to an advantageous embodiment, the housing of the grinding unit comprises a rear section configured to receive rear ends of the axes and the speed reducer.

[0023] When cleaning the grinding unit, the positioning of the speed reducer in a separate rear section of the housing comprising the axes makes it possible to limit the risk of corrosion of said reducer, thus avoiding a possible malfunction of the latter linked in particular to a loss of lubricant and / or to a blockage of waste. The compactness of the unit and this access to the axes also facilitate their cleaning.

[0024] In addition, the rear section of the housing ensures a stable mechanical connection between the axles and the reducer, which improves the power transmission and the durability of the grinding unit.

[0025] Finally, the axes are easily mounted in the grinding unit. The positioning of the grinding unit on the chassis is also easy to implement, by means of the housing in the form of a sliding removable cradle.

[0026] According to an advantageous embodiment, a motor is secured to the chassis and is configured to be positioned at the rear of the rear section of the grinding unit; and the rear end of the cutting axis terminates in a coupling extending beyond the rear section; the motor comprising a coupling element complementary to the cutting axis coupling element such that these coupling elements engage and the motor drives rotation of the axes.

[0027] Since the motor is integral with the chassis, it is not at risk of damage when cleaning the grinding unit. This motor is preferably a geared motor. This assembly therefore facilitates its cleaning by facilitating its extraction, its transport and by reducing its mass. The coupling between the motor and the cutting shaft is easy to implement, so their separation is also facilitated. The positioning of the coupling element at the rear end of the cutting shaft also makes it possible to ensure direct connection with the motor, which ensures efficient transmission of the driving energy to said shafts, and optimizes energy consumption and the performance of the grinding operations.

[0028] According to an advantageous embodiment, the housing of the grinding unit comprises a front wall beyond which extends a front end of the cutting axis terminated by a handle.

[0029] The presence of a handle, in the form of a rotating handwheel, on the front end of the cutting shaft makes it easier to couple the unit and the motor, the rotation of the shaft allowing its insertion into the corresponding coupling element of the motor. The handle also allows the rotation of the shafts when cleaning it, for example in a sink, and therefore improves the hygiene of the grinder. Finally, the handle allows manual adjustment of the cutting shaft, which facilitates the ergonomics and safety of use of the grinder. In particular, the grinding unit is locked in the chassis.

[0030] Optionally, folding handles are positioned on the housing of the grinding unit, which make it easier to handle said unit, particularly when positioning it, removing it from the chassis and then reinserting it.

[0031] According to an advantageous embodiment, a hopper extends above the axes of the grinding unit, the hopper comprising: a lower portion positioned in the grinding unit and above said axes, and an upper portion positioned following the lower portion and above the grinding unit, the hopper being configured to collect the waste in said unit.

[0032] The hopper allows the waste to be efficiently guided towards the axes of the grinding unit to improve grinding while limiting the risk of waste falling outside of said unit. This therefore makes it possible to optimize the placement of waste during the grinding process while limiting the risk of clogging, and improving both the hygiene of the grinder and its efficiency.

[0033] According to an advantageous embodiment, the crusher further comprises a ren recess extending from an upper wall of the chassis, this recess comprising: a first part having a lower wall and configured to receive a bottomless input drawer, and a second part in continuity with the first part and positioned above the upper portion of the hopper, the input drawer being configured to be moved between the first and second parts of the recess so as to transfer the waste from said first part to the hopper.

[0034] The recess in the chassis allows the inlet drawer to be received and the waste feed to the shredder to be controlled. The inlet drawer is bottomless, which makes it easy to move the waste from the first part to the second part of the recess, without requiring complex handling. Indeed, the waste can easily fall from the second part of the recess into the hopper. The presence of the drawer therefore makes it possible to push the waste into the hopper and improve user safety, by limiting the risk of contact between the user and the shredding unit.

[0035] According to an advantageous embodiment, the bottomless input drawer is removable from the recess.

[0036] Removing the drawer from the recess makes it easier to clean, thus improving the hygiene of the grinder. This removal is also easy to implement. The drawer also helps minimize direct contact between users and waste.

[0037] According to an advantageous embodiment, the chassis of the crusher comprises a control device controlling the direction and speed of rotation of the axes of the crushing unit.

[0038] Being able to control the rotation speed of the axes of the grinding unit makes it possible to adapt the grinding process according to the type of organic waste to be ground, and more specifically according to their solidity or degree of elasticity. Being able to change the direction of rotation of the axes makes it easy to unblock them when there is a blockage or a pile-up of waste. Generally speaking, being able to change the rotation speed and the direction of rotation of the axes alternately therefore increases the efficiency of the grinding.

[0039] According to an advantageous embodiment, the grinder further comprises a collecting container positioned below the grinding unit and configured to receive ground material obtained from the waste.

[0040] The collecting container receives the shredded material obtained from the waste, and facilitates its collection. The positioning of the collecting container under the shredding unit therefore allows for efficient and clean evacuation of said shredded material, optimizing the cleaning time and hygiene of the shredder.

[0041] According to an advantageous embodiment, the input drawer, the grinding unit and / or the collecting container can each include a presence sensor so as to interrupt the operation of the grinder in their absence and / or in the event of incorrect positioning.

[0042] The sensors are used to detect the presence or absence of the grinding unit, the inlet drawer and / or the collection container, thus serving to improve user safety by preventing the operation of the grinder in potentially dangerous or inefficient conditions. Incorrect positioning of these various components can also be detected, which improves the operability of the grinder.

[0043] According to an advantageous embodiment, the collecting container is mounted on the chassis by a displacement system configured to allow its positioning and removal; and the frame further comprising a front wall with doors configured to provide access to the grinding unit and / or the collection container.

[0044] The presence of doors on the chassis allows easy access to the grinding unit and the collection container, which also facilitates their removal and cleaning. This therefore facilitates the maintenance of the grinder. The use of the grinder is therefore simplified, while increasing its service life.

[0045] According to an advantageous embodiment, the inlet drawer, the grinding unit and the collecting container each have a mass of less than 25 kg.

[0046] The low mass of the inlet drawer, the grinding unit and / or the collection container makes them easier to transport and clean, making them easier to handle. This therefore facilitates their ergonomics and maintenance. This low mass allows the grinding unit to comply with the regulations in force on loads carried at work.

[0047] The invention also relates to a method of operating an organic waste shredder, the method comprising the following steps: a step of shredding the waste deposited in a shredding unit in order to produce shredded material, then a step of depositing the shredded material in a collecting container, the shredder being according to the invention, the method comprising the following steps prior to the step of shredding the waste: a step of depositing the waste in the inlet drawer installed in the first part of the recess of the chassis, then a step of moving the inlet drawer towards the second part of said recess so that the waste is deposited in the shredding unit, The shredding step further comprising actuation of the cutting and drive axes in a shredding rotation direction configured to fold the waste at the junction of said axes.

[0048] This operating method improves user safety by limiting their access to the grinding unit and possible accidents. In addition, it allows for more intuitive and less risky use of the grinder, even for operators less experienced. It also ensures rapid and efficient management of the waste to be treated, reducing their processing time.

[0049] The folding of the waste at the junction between the axes makes it possible to improve the efficiency of the crushing.

[0050] According to an advantageous embodiment, the method comprises, when starting the crusher, an additional step of actuating the cutting and drive axes in a direction opposite to their direction of crushing rotation, this step being prior to the step of depositing the waste in the inlet drawer.

[0051] This step allows any waste stuck on or between the axes to be unblocked following previous use of the crusher, and ensures that nothing will hinder further use.

[0052] Advantageously, at the waste grinding stage, the direction of rotation and / or the speed of rotation of the axes can be modified.

[0053] Changing the direction of rotation of the axes allows the system to be unblocked in the event of a blockage or accumulation of waste, or to improve the efficiency of grinding in the presence of certain waste. Adjusting the speed of rotation of said axes allows for cutting various waste. In addition, the direction or speed of rotation of the axes allows for precise adjustment of the grinding process according to the load and according to the characteristics of the materials to be ground. Therefore, this not only improves the efficiency of grinding but also the safety of users of the grinder, by adapting its operation to avoid potentially dangerous situations due to inadequate grinding. This adjustment can reduce the risks of overloading or blockage which could otherwise pose a risk to the user.

[0054] Advantageously, after use of the grinder, the grinding unit, the collection container and / or the waste inlet drawer can be removed for emptying and / or cleaning.

[0055] The ability to remove the drawer, the collection container and / or the grinding unit makes it easier to clean them. This allows maintenance and cleaning operations to be carried out without exposing the user to risks. This therefore enhances the overall safety of the grinder user, ensuring that maintenance procedures do not compromise their protection. This design also facilitates efficient and safe cleaning, contributing to the durability and hygiene of the grinder while minimizing risks to users. Brief description of the figures.

[0056] Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will appear better on reading the description of a preferred embodiment which follows, with reference to the appended drawings, produced as indicative and non-limiting examples and in which: - [Fig.l] is a diagram representing a crusher according to the invention. - [Fig.2] is a perspective view of a grinding unit for a crusher according to the invention. - [Fig.3] is a cross-sectional view of the grinding unit of [Fig.2]. - [Fig.4] is a perspective view of a crusher according to the invention, without the walls forming a frame. - [Fig.5] is a perspective view showing a crusher according to the invention. - [Fig.6] is a perspective view showing a crusher according to the invention, with an open chassis door. - [Fig.7] is a diagram of a method according to the invention. Description of the embodiments.

[0057] As used herein, and unless otherwise indicated, the use of the ordinal adjectives "first", "second", etc., to describe an object simply indicates that different occurrences of similar objects are referred to and does not imply that the objects so described must be in any given sequence, whether in time, space, ordering, etc. "X and / or Y" means: X alone or Y alone or X+Y. Generally speaking, it will be appreciated that in the various accompanying drawings, the objects are arbitrarily drawn to facilitate their reading.

[0058] The terms "upper" and "lower", "front" and "rear" are defined according to the positioning and orientation of the grinding unit, hopper or frame in the position of use in a grinder according to the invention.

[0059] [Fig. 1] is a diagram showing a crusher according to the invention.

[0060] A grinder 1 according to the invention is configured to grind organic waste, such as than kitchen waste. This waste can be of plant or animal origin, raw or cooked. Indeed, such a grinder 1 can grind various waste at the same time, whether this waste is hard (such as oyster shells or bones for example) or soft and elastic (such as raw meat, or animal skin for example).

[0061] The grinder 1 comprises a chassis 3 of preferably parallelepiped shape, and capable of supporting different components. The parallelepiped shape is more easily integrated into a kitchen, in particular in a central kitchen, but other shapes of the grinder 1 are also conceivable.

[0062] Thus, the crusher 1 comprises at least one crushing unit 5 used for crushing the waste. Optionally, the crusher 1 may also comprise a waste inlet drawer 7, a hopper 9 and / or a collection container 11 for the crushed material obtained from said waste. In a particularly advantageous manner, the crusher 1 according to the invention comprises all of the aforementioned components (5, 7, 9, 11). These components will be described in more detail in the following figures.

[0063] [Fig.2] is a perspective view of the grinding unit of the grinder according to the invention.

[0064] This grinding unit 5 comprises a housing 5A of preferably parallelepipedal shape and in the form of a sliding removable cradle. This housing 5A comprises two upper 5A.1 and lower 5A.2 ends allowing, respectively, to receive the waste falling from the hopper and then to allow the ground material to pass into the collecting container located under said unit (the collecting container and the hopper not being visible in this figure). Other shapes of the housing are possible, the parallelepipedal shape being preferred because it is easier to implement.

[0065] In addition, this housing 5A comprises a front wall 5A.3 oriented towards the front of the chassis, a rear wall 5A.4 oriented towards the rear of the chassis, as well as a rear section 5A.5 located, in the mounting position, at the rear of the rear wall 5A.4 and the function of which will be described below. Advantageously, the housing 5A may also comprise folding handles positioned on certain walls of the housing 5A and allowing it to be extracted from the chassis and transported. These folding handles are not shown in these figures.

[0066] The front 5A.3 and rear 5A.4 walls of the housing 5A support a cutting axis 5B which grinds the waste and which is mounted through said housing 5A. This axis is preferably a helical axis comprising a plurality of cutting tools 5B.1 (also called helical knives) and which are arranged in a helix on this axis. Thus, each cutting tool 5B.1 can be unscrewed and pivoted so as to increase the service life of the axis 5B. Each cutting tool 5B.1 can thus be repositioned at 90° along a vertical axis for positioning the tool, the vertical axis passing substantially through the middle of the tool. Similarly, a defective or worn cutting tool 5B.1 can be changed individually.

[0067] This axis 5B further comprises a front end 5B.2 which extends beyond the front wall 5A.3 of the housing 5A and which is terminated by a handle 5B.3, in the form of a rotary handwheel. This handle is used to rotate this axis, in particular making it easier to clean.

[0068] Finally, the cutting shaft 5B comprises a rear end 5B.4 terminated by a coupling element 5B.5 which is used to couple the shaft with a motor via a complementary coupling element (the motor and the complementary coupling element not being shown in this figure). This motor is advantageously a two-way geared motor. The rotation of the handle 5B.3 will also allow the rotation of the corresponding coupling element 5B.5, which can engage in the complementary coupling element of the motor, once oriented in the correct direction.

[0069] The front 5A.3 and rear 5A.4 walls of the housing 5A also support a counter-rotating drive shaft 5C mounted through the housing 5A. In fact, the cutting shaft 5B and the drive shaft 5C rotate in opposite directions, following grinding rotation directions which allow the waste to be folded down at the junction of the two axes, which improves grinding efficiency. For example, the drive axis 5C rotates clockwise, and the cutting axis 5B in the opposite direction. Alternatively, a reversal in the positioning of the axes would require a reversal in their direction of rotation.

[0070] In addition, the drive axis 5C is positioned close to and parallel to the cutting axis 5B, the rotation of the drive axis 5C being driven by the rotation of the cutting axis 5B. This specific positioning of the two axes at a minimum distance of a few millimeters (and preferably less than 5 mm) makes it possible to limit the risk of clogging of the grinding unit 5. It also allows an adjustment of the size of the ground material particles obtained at the outlet of the grinding unit 5. This adjustment can be carried out when the grinder is mounted, or possibly, during use of the grinder using adjustment devices integrated into the axes of the unit. This adjustment during use could, for example, vary depending on the destination of the desired ground material.

[0071] The drive shaft 5C is also knurled, that is to say it has straight or crossed grooves 5C.1 or pins instead of comprising cutting tools. This shaft, and more specifically, the knurling, serves to facilitate the gripping of waste to fold it onto the cutting shaft 5B and optimize its grinding.

[0072] Advantageously, the cutting axis 5B has a diameter DAc greater than a diameter Dæ of the drive axis 5C. This difference in diameter also makes it possible to improve the mechanical grip of the elements for better grinding efficiency.

[0073] Finally, the rear ends (5B.4, 5C.2) of the axes (5B, 5C) extend beyond the rear section 5A.5 of the housing 5A. At the rear of this section is the motor, allowing the coupling of the coupling elements of the cutting axis 5B and the motor.

[0074] Thus, the crushing of the waste is carried out thanks to the rotation of the cutting 5B and drive 5C axes, itself actuated by the motor. It is the coupling between the motor and the cutting axis 5B, produced by their respective coupling elements, which allows the rotation of this axis. This rotation then causes the rotation of the drive axis 5C thanks to the presence of a speed reducer 5D associated with a rear end 5C.2 of said axis 5C.

[0075] This speed reducer 5D may comprise different components, such as pulleys or belts. Particularly advantageously, the speed reducer 5D comprises a gear 5D.1 positioned on the rear end 5B.4 of the cutting axis 5B, itself meshing with a pinion 5D.2 positioned on the rear end 5C.2 of the drive axis 5C. This configuration is particularly advantageous for allowing rotation of the two axes (5B, 5C) thanks to a single motor coupled to the cutting shaft 5B. This also makes it easier to clean the grinding unit 5, since rotation of the handle 5B.3 located on the cutting shaft 5B also allows rotation of the drive shaft 5C. Particularly advantageously, this speed reducer 5D is located at the rear of the rear wall 5A.4 of the housing 5A, in its rear section 5A.5. This separation of the speed reducer 5D from the rest of the grinding unit 5 makes it easier to clean the unit.

[0076] The speed reducer 5D of the drive shaft 5C also makes it possible to reduce the rotational speed of the drive shaft 5C relative to the rotational speed of the cutting shaft 5B. In a particularly advantageous manner, the rotational speed of the drive shaft 5C is reduced by at least half relative to the rotational speed of the cutting shaft 5B.

[0077] This difference in speed between the cutting axis 5B and the drive axis 5C makes it possible to improve the grinding, by facilitating the folding of the waste from the drive axis 5C to the cutting axis 5B. This variation in speed also facilitates the grinding of various waste.

[0078] The grinding unit 5 also comprises a movement system 5E allowing the movement of said unit on the chassis 3 of the grinder 1. This movement system 5E is advantageously positioned on the chassis 3 and on said unit. It may be in the form of rails, as shown in [Fig.2], rotating means or other movement system known to those skilled in the art but not shown.

[0079] [Fig. 3] shows a cross-section of the grinding unit shown in [Fig. 2]. Figures 4, 5 and 6 show different perspective views of the grinder according to the invention. Figures 3 to 6 will be described together.

[0080] Advantageously, the crusher 1 may comprise the hopper 9 which helps position the waste and improves its crushing. This hopper 9 preferably comprises an upper portion 9A positioned above the crushing unit 5 and takes the form of a funnel so as to efficiently group the waste above the axes. The upper portion 9A of the hopper 9 is particularly visible in [Fig.4],

[0081] Thus, in a particularly preferred manner, the lower diameter of the upper portion 9A of the hopper 9 is less than or equal to the upper diameter of the grinding unit 5, which further improves the hygiene of the grinder 1 by limiting as much as possible the risk of waste falling outside the grinding unit 5. This also improves the efficiency of the grinder.

[0082] Advantageously, the hopper 9 may also comprise a lower portion 9B positioned in the grinding unit 5. This lower portion 9B is in the form of two walls which extend diagonally from the upper end 5A.1 of the housing 5A to above the junction between the axes (5B, 5C), which further improves the grinding efficiency. Particularly advantageously, the distance between the walls of the lower portion 9B of the hopper 9 is preferably between 20% and 40%, and even more preferably, is approximately 30% of a total length of the grinding unit 5.

[0083] More specifically, the upper portion 9A of the hopper 9 is also configured to be positioned below a recess 3D supporting the inlet drawer 7. This recess 3D comprises a first part 3D.1 advantageously located near a front wall 3B of the chassis 3 so as to be easily accessible by users and to facilitate the introduction of waste into the crusher 1. This first part 3D.1 further has a lower wall 3D.1a which supports the inlet drawer 7. This inlet drawer 7 is particularly visible in [Fig.5].

[0084] The input drawer 7 is preferably a bottomless drawer in the form of a removable cradle comprising side walls of a substantially parallelepiped shape and which is open upwards in order to receive the waste. This drawer 7 may also comprise a handle 7A to facilitate its gripping and possible removal, in particular for cleaning and / or sterilizing it.

[0085] The recess 3D further comprises a second part 3D.2 from which the upper portion 9A of the hopper 9 extends. This second part 3D.2 does not have a bottom so that the drawer 7 can push the waste from the first part 3D.1 to the second part 3D.2 of the recess 3D and so that it tips into the hopper 9. Advantageously, this second part 3D.2 is closed by a hatch 3D.2a which blocks access to the hopper 9 and improves user safety.

[0086] Thus, this drawer 7 is movable between the first and second parts (3D.1, 3D.2) of the recess 3D.

[0087] Advantageously, the grinder 1 according to the invention may also comprise the collecting container 11 positioned under the grinding unit 5 and configured to receive the ground material obtained from the organic waste. Advantageously, this collecting container has the shape of a parallelepiped box open at its upper end, the diameter of the upper end being preferably greater than or equal to the diameter of the grinding unit 5, in order to recover a maximum of ground material and improve the hygiene of the grinder 1. This container 11 may thus be, for example, a bin mounted on telescopic slides or wheels, or even a bag.

[0088] Advantageously, this collecting container 11 comprises at least one handle 11A which facilitates its gripping, its placement and its removal from the chassis 3. In a particularly preferred manner, the collecting container 11 further comprises a level detector configured to determine the quantity of ground material deposited in this container, and possibly serving to prevent the operation of the grinder when the container is full.

[0089] The crusher 1 further comprises the crushing unit 5 mounted on the chassis 3 by means of the housing 5A forming the sliding removable cradle, and which allows its positioning on the chassis 3 via its displacement system 5E. This system simplifies the movement and extraction of the unit from the chassis 3, but also allows its removal. The crushing unit 5 is advantageously extractable from above. In these figures, the motor 13 allowing the rotation of the cutting 5B and drive 5C axes of the crushing unit 5 is also shown. It is positioned at the rear of the crushing unit 5 and below the hopper 9, and it has a quick and easy mechanical coupling element with the extractable crushing unit. This motor 13 is configured to be integral with the chassis 3, which simplifies the cleaning of the crushing unit and reduces its mass.

[0090] In addition, this chassis 3 is at least partially partitioned by walls which will notably serve to limit access to these different components. These walls are visible on the grinder in [Fig. 5]. However, one or more access doors 3B.1 may be positioned to allow access to certain components and facilitate their cleaning. This or these doors 3B.1 are preferably positioned on the front wall 3B of the chassis 3. One or more opening devices, such as one or more handles, may be mounted on the doors 3B.1 to facilitate their opening and closing. More specifically, the door or doors 3B.1 allow at least access to the grinding unit 5 and / or the collecting container 11.

[0091] Indeed, as mentioned above, the grinding unit 5 is temporarily mounted on the chassis 3 via its movement system 5E, the access door(s) 3B.1 allow access to the unit to carry out its maintenance or cleaning for example.

[0092] The collecting container 11 is also designed to be temporarily mounted on the chassis 3, that is to say it is preferably designed to be easily removed therefrom and to allow its cleaning, emptying and maintenance. This mounting is carried out via a movement system 11B, such as rails or wheels for example, which allow its introduction and removal. The movement systems (5E, 11B) in the form of rails are particularly preferred because they are easy to implement and use.

[0093] The inlet drawer 7 is also preferably mounted on the chassis 3 via a displacement system 7B, preferably produced in the form of a rail, and allows the displacement of the drawer 7 between the first and second parts (3D.1, 3D.2) of the recess 3D. The displacement systems (7B, 11B) of the inlet drawer 7 and the collecting container 11 may, for example, be bearings.

[0094] The chassis 3 also has an upper wall 3C from which the recess 3D extends, said recess being preferentially positioned on one side of the upper wall 3C, and which gives access to the hopper 9 and to the grinding unit 5. The withdrawal of the inlet drawer 7 is advantageously carried out by opening the first part 3D.1 of the recess 3D, located in the upper wall 3C of the chassis 3.

[0095] The chassis 3 further has a control device 3E used to control the operation of the grinder 1. In particular, this device 3E can control the speed and / or the direction of rotation of the axes (5B, 5C). Indeed, variable rotation speeds of the axes make it possible to adapt the grinding according to the waste to be ground. Changing the direction of rotation can be used to unlock the axes (5B, 5C), in particular in the event of a blockage. This control device 3E can also include indicator lights used to provide information to the user, for example on the presence or absence of a component, or on their correct positioning. This control device 3E can advantageously receive a signal from the level detector of the collecting container 11, making it possible, for example, to activate an indicator light or a bell used to warn the user when the container is full.

[0096] Advantageously, in order to ensure their correct positioning, the inlet drawer 7, the collecting container 11, the grinding unit 5, the corresponding displacement systems (5E, 7B, 11B) and / or the chassis 3 may comprise a locking device which locks the component(s) in the correct position. Thus, adequate positioning of the inlet drawer 7 in the recess, of the grinding unit 5 under the hopper and of the collecting container 11 under said unit ensures the hygiene of the grinder 1. This locking device may be actuated manually or automatically. For example, in the case of a displacement system (5E, 7B, 11B) in the form of rails, it may be in the form of a notch positioned on the rail at the optimal position of the component. This locking device can also be in the form of a lock, which is activated once the component is installed on the chassis 3.

[0097] In addition, each of the removable components of the grinder 1 (input drawer 7, grinding unit 5, and collection container 11) can be associated with a presence sensor, used to determine whether the component has been correctly positioned in the grinder 1, and whether this positioning is optimal. This makes it possible to improve the grinding efficiency and the hygiene of the grinder 1, as well as to ensure the safety of users and increase the service life of the components. Thus, the absence of a component or its incorrect positioning can temporarily interrupt the operation of the grinder 1. This presence sensor can optionally be associated with the component locking device. For the grinding unit 5, for example, the sensor can advantageously be positioned at the locking system, preferably a lock (not visible in these figures).

[0098] In a particularly preferred manner, the inlet drawer 7, the grinding unit 5, and / or the collecting container 11 each have a mass of less than 25 kg, so as to facilitate their movement in the kitchen, to allow their cleaning and sterilization, even when washing up. Indeed, the arduousness of the work requires that the staff do not move any component weighing more than 25 kg. In a particularly preferred manner, the mass of one of these components is less than 20 kg.

[0099] In [Fig. 5], the chassis 3 advantageously comprises a rolling system 3A such as wheels, which facilitates its movement and its installation. The different walls of the chassis 3 can advantageously be assembled by fixing elements, such as screws or bolts. This fixing method is particularly preferred because it is easy to implement, the maintenance and upkeep of such a chassis 3 is also quick and efficient. Other methods are however conceivable such as welding, but are not preferred.

[0100] [Fig.6] is a diagram reproducing the steps of the operating method of the crusher according to the invention. It will be described in correlation with the preceding figures 1 to 5.

[0101] A first step of starting the crusher 1 takes place. It includes the following sub-steps, carried out automatically, or activated by the user.

[0102] First of all, a first sub-step of verifying the presence and correct positioning of each component (5, 7, 11) can be carried out using the presence sensors. This step can be triggered by the control device 3E. This makes it possible to ensure, on the one hand, that all the components of the crusher are present, and that they are correctly installed on the chassis 3. This therefore makes it possible to ensure the safety of the user, and to improve the hygiene of the crusher 1.

[0103] Then, a second sub-step of actuating the axes (5B, 5C) in a direction of rotation opposite to the direction of grinding rotation can take place. The cutting axis 5B then rotates clockwise, and the drive axis 5C rotates in the opposite direction. Thus, if waste remains stuck between the axes (5B, 5C), it can be unblocked before introducing new waste into the grinder 1. These steps are optional.

[0104] The second step of the operating method of the crusher 1 consists of depositing the waste in the inlet drawer 7, this drawer being positioned in the first part 3D.1 of the recess 3D.

[0105] The third step consists of moving the drawer 7 from the first part 3D.1 to the second part 3D.2 of the recess 3D. This will allow the waste to slide from said second part 3D.2 to the grinding unit 5 thanks to the hopper 9. Thus, the waste is deposited in the grinding unit 5.

[0106] A fourth step consists of grinding the organic waste deposited in the grinding unit 5 in order to obtain a ground material consisting of relatively fine particles. (preferably less than 12mm). In this step, the rotation speed of the axes, as well as their direction of rotation, can be modified. Thus, the cutting axes 5B and the drive 5C rotate according to their grinding direction of rotation, which allows the waste to be kept at the junction between the axes, in order to facilitate their grinding.

[0107] Finally, a final step consists of depositing the ground material obtained in the collecting container 11. This collecting container 11 can optionally be removed from the chassis 3 to be cleaned and sterilized.

[0108] Generally, at the end of the grinding process, the inlet drawer 7, the grinding unit 5, and / or the collecting container 11 can each be removed from the chassis 3 to be emptied, cleaned, disinfected and / or sterilized.

[0109] The arrangement of the various elements and / or means and / or steps of the invention, in the embodiments described above, should not be understood as requiring such an arrangement in all implementations. In any event, it will be understood that various modifications may be made to these elements and / or means and / or steps, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

[0110] Furthermore, one or more features disclosed only in one embodiment may be combined with one or more other features disclosed only in another embodiment. Similarly, one or more features disclosed only in one embodiment may be generalized to other embodiments, even if that or those features are described only in combination with other features.

[0111] The use of the verb “comprise”, “comprise” or “include” and its conjugated forms does not exclude the presence of other elements or other steps than those stated in a claim.

Claims

Claims

1. Organic waste crusher (1) comprising a frame (3) supporting at least one crushing unit (5), said unit comprising: - a cutting axis (5B), and - a counter-rotating drive axis (5C) positioned close to and parallel to the cutting axis (5B), characterized in that the counter-rotating drive axis (5C) is knurled and associated with a speed reducer (5D) so that the rotation speed of the drive axis (5C) is lower than the rotation speed of the cutting axis (5B).

2. An organic waste crusher (1) according to claim 1, wherein the cutting axis (5B) is a helical axis comprising individual cutting tools (5B.1) arranged helically around said axis.

3. An organic waste crusher (1) according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein a diameter (DAC) of the cutting axis (5B) is greater than a diameter (Dæ) of the drive axis (5C).

4. Organic waste crusher (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein: - the axes (5B, 5C) of the crushing unit (5) are mounted through a housing (5A) and at a minimum distance from each other so as to allow the adjustment of the size of the particles obtained at the outlet of said unit, and - this housing (5A) is mounted on the chassis (3) by a displacement system (5E) configured to allow its introduction and / or removal from the chassis (3).

5. Organic waste crusher (1) according to claim 4, wherein the housing (5A) of the crushing unit (5) comprises a rear section (5A.5) configured to receive rear ends (5B.4, 5C.2) of the axes (5B, 5C) and the speed reducer (5D).

6. Organic waste crusher (1) according to claim 5, wherein a motor (13) is integral with the frame (3) and is configured to be positioned at the rear of the rear section (5A.5) of the crushing unit (5); and the rear end (5B.4) of the cutting axis (5B) terminates in a coupling element (5B.5) which extends beyond the rear section (5A.5); the motor (13) comprising a coupling element complementary to the coupling element (5B.5) of the cutting axis (5B) such that these coupling elements fit together and the motor (13) drives the rotation of the axes (5B, 5C).

7. Organic waste crusher (1) according to one of claims 4 to 6, in which the housing (5A) of the crushing unit (5) comprises a front wall (5A.3) beyond which extends a front end (5B.2) of the cutting axis (5B) terminated by a handle (5B.3).

8. Organic waste crusher (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a hopper (9) extends above the axes (5B, 5C) of the crushing unit (5), the hopper (9) comprising: - a lower portion (9B) positioned in the crushing unit (5) and above said axes, and - an upper portion (9A) positioned following the lower portion (9B) and above the crushing unit (5), the hopper (9) being configured to collect the waste in said unit.

9. Organic waste crusher (1) according to one of the preceding claims, the crusher (1) further comprising a recess (3D) which extends from an upper wall (3C) of the frame (3), this recess (3D) comprising: - a first part (3D.1) having a lower wall (3D.1a) and configured to receive a bottomless inlet drawer (7), and - a second part (3D.2) in continuity with the first part (3D.1) and positioned above the upper portion (9A) of the hopper (9), the inlet drawer (7) being configured to be moved between the first and second parts (3D.1, 3D.2) of the recess (3D) so as to transfer the waste from said first part (3D.1) to the hopper (9).

10. Organic waste crusher (1) according to claim 9, wherein the bottomless input drawer (7) can be removed from the recess (3D).

11. Organic waste crusher (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the frame (3) of the crusher (1) comprises a control device (3E) controlling the direction and speed of rotation of the axes (5B, 5C) of the crushing unit (5).

12. Organic waste crusher (1) according to one of the preceding claims, the crusher (1) further comprising a collection container (11) positioned below the crushing unit (5) and configured to receive a crushed material obtained from the waste.

13. Organic waste crusher (1) according to claims 4, 9 and 12, wherein the inlet drawer (7), the crushing unit (5) and / or the collecting container (11) may each comprise a presence sensor so as to interrupt the operation of the crusher (1) in their absence and / or in the event of incorrect positioning.

14. Organic waste crusher (1) according to claim 13, wherein the collecting container (11) is mounted on the chassis (3) by a moving system (1 IB) configured to allow its positioning and removal; and the chassis (3) further comprising a front wall (3B) with doors (3B.1) configured to provide access to the crushing unit (5) and / or the collecting container (11).

15. Organic waste crusher (1) according to claim 14, wherein the inlet drawer (7), the crushing unit (5) and the collecting container (11) each have a mass of less than 25 kg.

16. A method of operating a crusher (1) for organic waste, the method comprising the following steps: - A step of crushing the waste deposited in a crushing unit (5) in order to produce a crushed material, then - A step of depositing the crushed material in a collecting container (11), characterized in that the crusher (1) is according to one of claims 9 to 15, the method comprising the following steps prior to the step of crushing the waste: - A step of depositing the waste in the inlet drawer (7) installed in the first part (3D.1) of the recess (3D) of the chassis (3), then - A step of moving the inlet drawer (7) towards the second part (3D.2) of said recess so that the waste is deposited in the grinding unit (5), The grinding step further comprising actuation of the cutting (5B) and drive (5C) axes in a grinding rotation direction configured to fold the waste at the junction of said axes.

17. An operating method according to claim 16, wherein the method comprises, when starting the crusher (1), an additional step of actuating the cutting (5B) and drive (5C) axes in a direction opposite to their direction of crushing rotation, this step being prior to the step of depositing the waste in the inlet drawer (7).

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