Vehicle thermal management circuit

Abstract

This presentation concerns a thermal conditioning system for a passenger compartment and / or at least one component of a vehicle, comprising a heat transfer circuit (100) for circulating a heat transfer fluid, and a refrigerant circuit (200) for circulating a refrigerant fluid. Abstract figure: Figure 1

Description

Title of the invention: Vehicle thermal management circuit technical field

[0001] The present disclosure falls within the field of thermal management systems for vehicles, in particular electric vehicles operating with batteries, comprising both a heat transfer fluid sub-circuit and a refrigerant fluid sub-circuit. Previous technique

[0002] It is known to use together heat transfer fluid and refrigerant fluid circuits in a thermal management system to cool and / or heat the various components of a vehicle, in particular electric-powered vehicles.

[0003] The architecture of the heat transfer fluid and refrigerant circuits is adapted according to the vehicles. They generally offer several operating modes, controlled by the opening or closing of valves and allowing the management of the flow rates of heat transfer fluid / refrigerant circulating in the different components.

[0004] The adaptability of existing thermal management systems is often limited by their design, which does not always allow for the effective prioritization of different operational parameters such as occupant comfort or the efficiency of cooling / heating vehicle components.

[0005] The present disclosure seeks to remedy these drawbacks. Summary

[0006] This disclosure improves the situation.

[0007] A thermal conditioning system for a passenger compartment and / or at least one component of a vehicle is proposed, comprising:

[0008] a heat transfer circuit for circulating a heat transfer fluid,

[0009] a refrigerant circuit for circulating a refrigerant fluid,

[0010] wherein the heat transfer circuit comprises said at least one vehicle component for exchanging heat, a means for heating the heat transfer fluid, an inter-circuit heat exchanger, a front-mounted heat exchanger capable of exchanging heat with air outside the vehicle, and means for circulating the heat transfer fluid capable of circulating the heat transfer fluid between one or more vehicle components, the means for heating the heat transfer fluid, the front-mounted heat exchanger and / or the inter-circuit heat exchanger, and

[0011] in which the refrigerant circuit comprises a compressor, a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger capable of exchanging heat with air, a fourth heat exchanger, a fifth heat exchanger capable of exchanging heat with air outside the vehicle, and means of circulating the refrigerant fluid capable of circulating the heat transfer fluid between the heat exchangers of the refrigerant circuit, and

[0012] in which the inter-circuit heat exchanger of the heat transfer circuit and the fourth heat exchanger of the refrigerant circuit are arranged in heat exchange between them.

[0013] The proposed installation offers great versatility and thus makes it possible to control the temperature of critical vehicle components such as the battery, the passenger compartment, etc., and to recover some of the lost energy dissipated by certain components such as the engine, power electronics, etc. Thus, the proposed installation makes it possible to limit energy consumption.

[0014] The installation has a fixed physical architecture while allowing one or another of certain parameters to be prioritized, such as cabin comfort, battery conditioning, vehicle autonomy, etc.

[0015] For example, the installation can be controlled by a computer program. Thus, depending on the manufacturer's choice, control by the computer program can lead to different vehicle behaviors, without physical modification of the components.

[0016] According to another aspect, a motor vehicle is proposed comprising an installation such as the one mentioned above.

[0017] The features described in the following paragraphs may optionally be implemented independently of each other or in combination with each other:

[0018] The inter-circuit heat exchanger of the heat transfer fluid circuit can be configured to heat and / or cool the refrigerant. The fourth heat exchanger of the refrigerant circuit can be configured to heat and / or cool the heat transfer fluid.

[0019] The vehicle may be a hybrid internal combustion / electric or battery electric motor vehicle. In the case of a hybrid vehicle, the installation may be adapted to the electric part of the vehicle.

[0020] The heat transfer fluid can be any type of heat transfer fluid, in particular a liquid such as glycol water.

[0021] The refrigerant or refrigerant fluid can be any type of refrigerant fluid having at least a liquid phase and a gaseous phase.

[0022] The first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger may be suitable for exchanging heat with air circulating in the vehicle cabin.

[0023] Said vehicle component may be a high-voltage battery, a power electronics module or a traction motor exchanger.

[0024] In particular, the heat transfer circuit comprises both a high-voltage battery, a power electronics module and a traction motor heat exchanger

[0025] According to a first embodiment of the heat transfer circuit, the heat transfer circuit can comprise four loops in which the heat transfer fluid circulates and which are connected by a multi-way valve, the first loop B1 comprising the power electronics module and the traction motor exchanger, the second loop B2 comprising the high-voltage battery, the third loop B3 comprising the heat transfer fluid heating means and the inter-circuit heat exchanger, the fourth loop B4 comprising the front heat exchanger.

[0026] A valve can be any means of controlling the flow or stopping the heat transfer fluid.

[0027] According to a second embodiment, the heat transfer circuit may comprise three loops in which the heat transfer fluid circulates and which are connected by a multi-way valve, the first loop B1 comprising the power electronics module, the traction motor exchanger and the front heat exchanger, the second loop B2 comprising the high-voltage battery, the third loop B3 comprising the heat transfer fluid heating means and the inter-circuit heat exchanger.

[0028] The first loop of the heat transfer circuit and / or the third loop of the heat transfer circuit may include a circulation pump.

[0029] The heating means of the heat transfer circuit can be a simple electrical resistance or an electrical resistance with a positive temperature coefficient, (also called in English "positive temperature coefficient" abbreviated as PTC).

[0030] According to the first embodiment of the heat transfer circuit, the circulation means of the heat transfer circuit can be configured to operate according to at least one of the following modes: a first mode in which, on the one hand, the first loop and the fourth loop communicate so that heat transfer fluid circulates in the first and fourth loops, and on the other hand, the second and third loops communicate so that heat transfer fluid circulates in the second and third loops; a second mode in which the four loops communicate with each other so that the heat transfer fluid circulates in all four loops; and a third mode in which the first loop, the third loop and the fourth loop communicate so that the heat transfer fluid circulates in the first loop, in the third loop and in the fourth loop.

[0031] According to the second embodiment of the heat transfer circuit, the circulation means of the heat transfer circuit can be configured to operate according to at least one of the following modes: a first mode in which, on the one hand, heat transfer fluid circulates in the first loop, and on the other hand, the second and third loops communicate so that heat transfer fluid circulates in the second and third loops; a second mode in which the three loops communicate with each other so that the heat transfer fluid circulates in all three loops; and a third mode in which the first loop and the third loop communicate so that the heat transfer fluid circulates in the first loop and the third loop.

[0032] According to one embodiment, the refrigerant circuit circulation means can be configured to operate in at least one of the following modes: a mode A in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor, the fifth heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger before passing through the compressor again, a mode B in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor, the fifth heat exchanger, and the fourth heat exchanger before passing through the compressor again, a mode C in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor, the fifth heat exchanger, simultaneously the fourth heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger before passing through the compressor again,a mode D in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor, simultaneously the first heat exchanger and the fifth heat exchanger, then simultaneously the fourth heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, before passing through the compressor again, a mode E in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor, simultaneously the first heat exchanger and the fourth heat exchanger, then simultaneously the fifth heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger before passing through the compressor again, a mode F in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop including at least successively the compressor, the fourth heat exchanger, and the fifth heat exchanger before passing through the compressor again; a mode G in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop including at least successively the compressor, the fourth heat exchanger, and the second heat exchanger before passing through the compressor again; a mode H in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop including at least successively the compressor, the fourth heat exchanger, simultaneously the fifth heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, before passing through the compressor again; a mode I in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop including at least successively the compressor, the first heat exchanger, and the fifth heat exchanger before passing through the compressor again.a J mode in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor, the first heat exchanger, simultaneously the fifth heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger before passing through the compressor again, a K mode in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor, the first heat exchanger, and the fourth heat exchanger before passing through the compressor again; an L mode in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor, the first heat exchanger, simultaneously the fourth heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, before passing through the compressor again. an M mode in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor, simultaneously the first heat exchanger and the fourth heat exchanger, then the fifth heat exchanger before passing through the compressor again, an N mode in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor, simultaneously the first heat exchanger and the fifth heat exchanger, then the fourth heat exchanger before passing through the compressor again.

[0033] The heat transfer circuit may include a third heat exchanger. The third heat exchanger of the refrigerant circuit may include a first inlet / outlet and a second inlet / outlet. The third heat exchanger may be configured to preheat the refrigerant in its gaseous state before compression and to cool the refrigerant after condensation. The third heat exchanger may be a refrigerant / refrigerant exchanger for preheating the The gaseous refrigerant is cooled before compression and after condensation. The third heat exchanger can be based on internal heat exchanger (IHX) technology.

[0034] The refrigerant circuit may further include: a first four-way valve and a second four-way valve, a first expansion valve, a second expansion valve and a third expansion valve, and a regulating valve.

[0035] The third heat exchanger and the fourth heat exchanger can be arranged in a refrigeration unit of the vehicle.

[0036] The control valve can be a progressive opening valve.

[0037] Each of the expansion valves can be configured for a complete closure of the circuit, a very small opening allowing controlled expansion of the refrigerant, or a total opening of the circuit.

[0038] Each of the four-way valves can be a two-position valve. For example, the operations of the four-way valves can be coupled. In this case, a common actuator can be arranged to control the simultaneous operation of the four-way valves.

[0039] The second four-way valve can be arranged to connect two pairs of the following points in the refrigerant circuit: a first branch or connection point, a first inlet / outlet of the heat exchanger, a first inlet / outlet of the heat exchanger, and a third branch. The first four-way valve can be arranged to connect two pairs of the following points in the refrigerant circuit: a second branch, a second inlet / outlet of the heat exchanger, a second inlet / outlet of the heat exchanger, and a fourth branch.

[0040] The first heat exchanger may have a first inlet / outlet connected to the first branch and a second inlet / outlet connected to the second branch.

[0041] The control valve can be arranged on a first portion of the circuit connecting the second inlet / outlet to the second branch. Alternatively, the control valve can be arranged on a portion of the circuit connecting the first branch to the first inlet / outlet of the first heat exchanger.

[0042] The compressor can be arranged on a second portion of the circuit connecting the second branch to the output of the second inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger.

[0043] The third branch can connect the outlet of the first inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger, the second four-way valve, and a first inlet / outlet of the second heat exchanger. The fourth branch can connect the inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger, the first four-way valve and a second inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger.

[0044] The first expansion valve can be located in a third section of the circuit connecting the third branch to the first inlet / outlet of the second heat exchanger. The second expansion valve can be located in a fourth section of the refrigerant circuit connecting the second four-way valve to the first inlet / outlet of the fourth heat exchanger. The third expansion valve can be located in a fifth section of the circuit connecting the second four-way valve to the first inlet / outlet of the fifth heat exchanger.

[0045] According to one embodiment, the refrigerant circuit circulation means can be configured to operate in at least one of the following modes: a mode A in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor, the fifth heat exchanger, the first inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the second inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger; a mode B in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor, the fifth heat exchanger, the first inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger, the fourth heat exchanger and the second inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger; a mode C in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor, the fifth heat exchanger, the first inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger,simultaneously the fourth heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, then the second inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger, a mode D in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor, simultaneously the first heat exchanger and the fifth heat exchanger, then successively the first inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger, simultaneously the fourth heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, then the second inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger, a mode E in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor, simultaneously the first heat exchanger and the fourth heat exchanger, then successively the first inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger, simultaneously the fifth heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger,then the second inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger, , a mode F in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor, the fourth heat exchanger, the first inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger, the fifth heat exchanger, and the second inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger, a mode G in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor, the fourth heat exchanger, the first inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the second inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger a mode H in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor, the fourth heat exchanger, the first inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger, simultaneously the fifth heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, then the second inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger, a mode I in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor, the first heat exchanger, the first inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger, the fifth heat exchanger and the second inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger, a J mode in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor, the first heat exchanger, the first inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger, simultaneously the fifth heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, then the second inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger, a K-mode in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor, the first heat exchanger, the first inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger, the fourth heat exchanger and the second inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger, an L mode in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor, the first heat exchanger, the first inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger, simultaneously the fourth heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, then the second inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger, a mode M in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor, simultaneously the first heat exchanger and the fourth heat exchanger, then successively the first inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger, the fifth heat exchanger, and the second inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger, an N mode in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor, simultaneously the first heat exchanger and the fifth heat exchanger, then successively the first inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger, the fourth heat exchanger and the second inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger.

[0046] In mode A, the control valve and the second expansion valve can be completely closed. The third expansion valve can be fully open. The first expansion valve can be in control mode.

[0047] In mode G, the regulating valve and the third expansion valve can be completely closed. The second expansion valve can be fully open. The first expansion valve can be in regulating mode.

[0048] In mode B, the control valve and the first expansion valve can be completely closed. The third expansion valve can be fully open. The second expansion valve can be in control mode.

[0049] In mode C, the control valve can be completely closed. The third expansion valve can be completely open. The first and second expansion valves can be in control mode.

[0050] In mode H, the control valve can be completely closed. The second expansion valve can be completely open. The first and third expansion valves can be in control mode.

[0051] In mode I, the first expansion valve and the second expansion valve can be completely closed. The control valve can be fully open. The third expansion valve can be in control mode.

[0052] In mode J, the second expansion valve can be completely closed. The control valve can be completely open. The first and third expansion valves can be in control mode.

[0053] In mode K, the first expansion valve and the third expansion valve can be completely closed. The control valve can be fully open. The second expansion valve can be in control mode.

[0054] In mode L, the third expansion valve can be completely closed. The control valve can be fully open. The first and second expansion valves can be in control mode.

[0055] In N mode, the first expansion valve can be completely closed. The regulating valve and the third expansion valve can be fully open. The second expansion valve can be in regulating mode.

[0056] In mode F, the control valve and the first expansion valve can be completely closed. The second expansion valve can be fully open. The third expansion valve can be in control mode.

[0057] In mode M, the first expansion valve can be completely closed. The control valve and the second expansion valve can be fully open. The third expansion valve can be in control mode.

[0058] In mode D, the third expansion valve and the regulating valve can be fully open. The first expansion valve and the second expansion valve can be in regulating mode.

[0059] In mode E, the second expansion valve and the control valve can be fully open. The first expansion valve and the third expansion valve can be in control mode.

[0060] The combination of the fourteen modes of the refrigerant circuit (A to N) with the three modes of the heat transfer circuit gives the possibility of obtaining 42 different modes for thermal management of the vehicle. Brief description of the drawings

[0061] Other features, details and advantages will become apparent from reading the detailed description below and from analyzing the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. 1

[0062] [Fig.1] shows a thermal conditioning installation according to one embodiment. Fig. 2

[0063] [Fig.2] shows a first operating mode of a heat transfer circuit of the installation of [Fig.1] according to a first embodiment. Fig. 3

[0064] [Fig.3] shows a second operating mode of the heat transfer circuit of the installation of [Fig.1] according to the first embodiment. Fig. 4

[0065] [Fig.4] shows a third operating mode of the heat transfer circuit of the installation of [Fig.1] according to the first embodiment. Fig. 5

[0066] [Fig.5] shows a first operating mode of a heat transfer circuit of the installation of [Fig.1] according to a second embodiment. Fig. 6

[0067] [Fig.6] shows a second operating mode of the heat transfer circuit of the installation of [Fig.1] according to the second embodiment. Fig. 7

[0068] [Fig.7] shows a third operating mode of the heat transfer circuit of the installation of [Fig.1] according to the second embodiment. Fig. 8

[0069] [Fig.8A], [Fig.8B] and [Fig.8C] Figures 8a, 8b and 8c show different modes of fabrication of a valve suitable for use in the installation of [Fig.l]. Fig. 9

[0070] [Fig.9] shows a first embodiment of a refrigeration circuit of the installation of the [Fig.1]. Fig. 10

[0071] [Fig. 10] shows a second embodiment of a refrigerant circuit of the installation of [Fig.1]. Fig. 11 to Fig. 24

[0072] [Fig. 11] to [Fig.24] are schematic views corresponding to [Fig. 10] and illustrating different operating modes of the refrigerant circuit. Fig. 25 to Fig. 31

[0073] [Fig.25] to [Fig.31] show the installation of [Fig.1] according to different examples of functioning. Description of the implementation methods

[0074] Figure 1 shows a diagram of a thermal conditioning system 1 for a passenger compartment and / or at least one component of a hybrid or electric vehicle. The system 1 comprises a heat transfer circuit 100, shown in more detail in Figures 2 to 7, in which a heat transfer fluid circulates, and a refrigerant circuit 200, shown in more detail in Figures 9 to 24, in which a refrigerant circulates.

[0075] The heat transfer fluid can be any type of heat transfer fluid, in particular a liquid such as glycol water. The refrigerant can be any type of refrigerant having at least a liquid phase and a gaseous phase.

[0076] Figures 2, 3 and 4 represent the heat transfer circuit 100 according to a first embodiment, and Figures 5, 6 and 7 represent a heat transfer circuit 130 according to a second embodiment of the heat transfer circuit.

[0077] With reference to Figures 2 to 4, the heat transfer circuit 100 comprises: - vehicle components including a high-voltage battery 104, a traction motor heat exchanger 106 and a power electronics module 108, - a heating means 110 for the heat transfer fluid, - an inter-circuit heat exchanger 102, - a front-mounted heat exchanger 112 capable of exchanging heat with air outside the vehicle, - a first pump 114, - a second pump 116, - a short-circuit valve 122, and - an eight-way valve 118.

[0078] The heating element 110 can be a simple electric resistance or an electric resistance with a positive temperature coefficient (also called in English "positive temperature coefficient", abbreviated as PTC). The first pump 114 and the second pump 116 are circulation pumps and can be driven by electric motors.

[0079] The heat transfer circuit 100 is formed by four loops: a first loop comprising the power electronics module 108, the traction motor heat exchanger 106 and the second pump 116, a second loop comprising the high voltage battery 104, a third loop comprising the first pump 114, the heat transfer fluid heating means 110 and the inter-circuit heat exchanger 102, and a fourth loop comprising the front heat exchanger 112 and the short-circuit valve 122.

[0080] The short-circuit valve 122 is connected on one side to a portion directly upstream of the front heat exchanger 112 and on the other side to a portion directly downstream of the heat exchanger 112.

[0081] Upstream and downstream are defined with respect to the direction of flow of the heat transfer fluid in the heat transfer circuit 100.

[0082] In the heat transfer circuit 100, the eight-way valve 118 is configured to operate according to at least one of the following modes.

[0083] A first operating mode of the heat transfer circuit 100 shown in [Fig. 2] in which, on the one hand, the first loop and the fourth loop are connected so that heat transfer fluid circulates in the first and fourth loops, and on the other hand, the second and third loops are connected so that heat transfer fluid circulates in the second and third loops. Thus, a portion of the heat transfer fluid circulates between the power electronics module 108, the traction motor heat exchanger 106, the second pump 116, the front heat exchanger 112, and the bypass valve 122. The other portion of the heat transfer fluid circulates between the high-voltage battery 104, the first pump 114, the heat transfer fluid heating element 110, and the inter-circuit heat exchanger 102.

[0084] A second operating mode of the heat transfer circuit 100 is shown in [Fig. 3] in which the four loops communicate with each other so that the heat transfer fluid circulates in all four loops. Thus, the heat transfer fluid circulates between the high-voltage battery 104, the traction motor heat exchanger 106, the power electronics module 108, the heat transfer fluid heating element 110, the inter-circuit heat exchanger 102, and the front-end heat exchanger. 112, the first pump 114, the second pump 116, the short-circuit valve 122, and the eight-way valve 118.

[0085] A third operating mode of the heat transfer circuit 100 is shown in [Fig. 4] in which the first, third, and fourth loops are interconnected such that the heat transfer fluid circulates in the first and fourth loops. Thus, the heat transfer fluid circulates between the traction motor heat exchanger 106, the power electronics module 108, the heat transfer fluid heating element 110, the inter-circuit heat exchanger 102, the front heat exchanger 112, the first pump 114, the second pump 116, the bypass valve 122, and the eight-way valve 118. In this operating mode, the fluid does not circulate in the high-voltage battery 104.

[0086] With reference to figures 5 to 7, the heat transfer circuit 130 comprises the same elements as the heat transfer circuit 100. Unlike the heat transfer circuit 100, the heat transfer circuit 130 comprises a six-way valve 120.

[0087] The heat transfer circuit 130 is formed by three loops: a first loop comprising the power electronics module 108, the traction motor heat exchanger 106, the second pump 116, the short-circuit valve 122 and the front heat exchanger 112, a second loop comprising the high-voltage battery 104, and a third loop comprising the first pump 114, the heat transfer fluid heating means 110 and the inter-circuit heat exchanger 102.

[0088] In the heat transfer circuit 130, the six-way valve 120 is configured to operate according to at least one of the following modes.

[0089] A first operating mode of the heat transfer fluid circuit 130 is shown in [Fig. 5] in which, on the one hand, a portion of the heat transfer fluid circulates in the first loop, and on the other hand, the second and third loops are connected so that the other portion of the heat transfer fluid circulates in the second and third loops. Thus, a portion of the heat transfer fluid circulates between the power electronics module 108, the traction motor heat exchanger 106, the second pump 116, the front heat exchanger 112, and the bypass valve 122. The other portion of the heat transfer fluid circulates between the high-voltage battery 104, the first pump 114, the heat transfer fluid heating element 110, and the inter-circuit heat exchanger 102.

[0090] A second operating mode of the heat transfer circuit 130 is shown in [Fig. 6] in which the three loops communicate with each other so that the heat transfer fluid circulates in all three loops. Thus, the heat transfer fluid circulates between the high-voltage battery 104, the traction motor heat exchanger 106, the power electronics module 108, and the heat transfer fluid heating element 110. the inter-circuit heat exchanger 102, the front heat exchanger 112 capable of exchanging heat with air outside the vehicle, the first pump 114, the second pump 116, the short-circuit valve 122, and the eight-way valve 118.

[0091] A third operating mode of the heat transfer circuit 130 is shown in [Fig. 7] in which the first and third loops are connected so that the heat transfer fluid circulates in both the first and third loops. Thus, the heat transfer fluid circulates between the traction motor heat exchanger 106, the power electronics module 108, the heat transfer fluid heating element 110, the inter-circuit heat exchanger 102, the front heat exchanger 112, the first pump 114, the second pump 116, the bypass valve 122, and the eight-way valve 118. In this operating mode, the fluid does not circulate in the high-voltage battery 104.

[0092] Figure 9 represents a first example of an embodiment of the refrigerant circuit 200' which includes: a compressor C, a first heat exchanger E1 forming a condenser and particularly arranged in a passenger compartment 210 or a cabin of the vehicle, a second heat exchanger E2 forming an evaporator and particularly arranged in the passenger compartment 210 of the vehicle, a third heat exchanger E3 comprising a first inlet / outlet 202 and a second inlet / outlet 204, a fourth heat exchanger E4 configured to exchange heat with the heat transfer circuit 100 or the heat transfer circuit 130, a fifth heat exchanger E5 suitable for exchanging heat with air outside the vehicle, particularly arranged at the front 230 of the vehicle, the fifth heat exchanger E5 being able to be used as an evaporator or as a condenser,means of circulating the refrigerant fluid suitable for circulating the heat transfer fluid between the heat exchangers E1, E2, E3, E4 and E5 of the refrigerant circuit 200', two four-way valves VIA and V1B, three expansion valves VE2, VE4 and VE5, and one control valve VI. ,

[0093] The third heat exchanger E3 and the fourth heat exchanger E4 can be arranged in the vehicle's refrigerant block 220.

[0094] In particular, the third heat exchanger E3 is a refrigerant / refrigerant exchanger that preheats the gaseous refrigerant before compression and cools the liquid refrigerant after condensation. The third heat exchanger E3 can be based on internal heat exchanger technology (in English "Internai Heat Exchanger" abbreviated as "IHX").

[0095] The control valve V1 can be a progressive opening valve.

[0096] Each of the expansion valves VE2, VE4 and VE5 can be configured for a complete closure of the circuit, a very small opening allowing controlled expansion of the refrigerant, or a total opening of the circuit.

[0097] Each of the four-way valves VIA and V1B can be a two-position valve. For example, the operations of the four-way valves VIA and V1B can be coupled. In this case, a common actuator can be arranged to control the simultaneous operation of the four-way valves VIA and V1B.

[0098] The four-way valve VIB allows for the connection of two pairs of the following points in the refrigerant circuit 200': a branch or connection point RI, a first inlet / outlet E5_1 of the heat exchanger E5, a first inlet / outlet E4_1 of the heat exchanger E4, and a branch R3. The four-way valve VIA allows for the connection of two pairs of the following points in the refrigerant circuit 200': a branch R2, a second inlet / outlet E5_2 of the heat exchanger E5, a second inlet / outlet E4_2 of the heat exchanger E4, and a branch R4.

[0099] The heat exchanger El has a first input / output El_1 connected to branch RI and a second input / output El_2 connected to branch R2.

[0100] The control valve V1 is arranged on a portion of the PI circuit connecting the second inlet / outlet El_2 to the branch R2. Alternatively, the control valve VI can be arranged on a portion of the PI' circuit connecting the branch RI to the first inlet / outlet El_1 of the first heat exchanger EL

[0101] Compressor C is arranged on a portion of circuit P2 connecting branch R2 to the output of the second inlet / outlet 204 of the third heat exchanger E3.

[0102] Branch R3 connects the output of the first inlet / outlet 202 of the third heat exchanger E3, the four-way valve V1B and a first inlet / outlet E2_1 of the second heat exchanger E2. Branch R4 connects the input of the inlet / outlet 204 of the third heat exchanger E3, the four-way valve VIA and a second inlet / outlet E2_2 of the third heat exchanger E2.

[0103] The expansion valve VE2 is located in a portion of the circuit P3 connecting the branch R3 to the first inlet / outlet E2_l of the second heat exchanger E2. The expansion valve VE4 is located in a portion of the circuit P4 connecting the four-way valve V1B to the first inlet / outlet E4_l of the fourth heat exchanger E4. The expansion valve VE5 is located in a portion of the circuit P5 connecting the four-way valve V1B to the first inlet / outlet E5_l of the fifth heat exchanger E5.

[0104] In the refrigerant circuit 200', the expansion valve VE2 is arranged in the passenger compartment 210 of the vehicle.

[0105] Fig. 9 represents a second embodiment of the refrigerant circuit 200 comprising the same elements as the refrigerant circuit 200' except that the expansion valve VE2 is arranged in the refrigerant block 220 of the vehicle instead of being installed in the passenger compartment 210 of the vehicle.

[0106] [Fig.8A] represents an embodiment of a four-way valve which may be valve VIA or V1B. Depending on the technical constraints of implementation, at least one of the four-way valves VIA and V1B may be replaced by an arrangement of two valves 310 and 320 of the three-way on / off type, as shown in [Fig.8B].

[0107] At least one of the four-way valves VIA and VIB can be replaced by an arrangement of four valves 312, 314, 322 and 324 of the two-way on / off valve type, as shown in [Fig.8C].

[0108] The different operating modes of the heat transfer circuit are described below for the refrigerant circuit 200 of [Fig. 10] but are also valid for the refrigerant circuit 200' of [Fig. 9].

[0109] The combination of the two positions of the VIA and VIB valves with the two positions of VI and the three states of the VE2, VE4 and VE5 expansion valves allows the heat transfer circuit to operate according to one of the following 14 operating states.

[0110] The [Fig. 11] represents a mode A of operation of the refrigerant circuit 200 in which the refrigerant from the compressor C passes successively through the valve VIA, the second inlet / outlet E5_2 of the fifth heat exchanger E5, the expansion valve VE5, the valve V1B, the first inlet / outlet 202 of the third heat exchanger E3, the expansion valve VE2, the first inlet / outlet E2_1 of the second heat exchanger E2 and the second inlet / outlet 204 of the third heat exchanger E3 before passing through the compressor C again.

[0111] Mode A represents a basic air conditioning mode, used to cool only the passenger compartment temperature.

[0112] In mode A, the refrigerant is condensed in the fifth heat exchanger E5, and is expanded by the expansion valve VE2 and undergoes evaporation in the second heat exchanger E2, which creates a flow of cold air which is diffused into the vehicle cabin.

[0113] In mode A, the third heat exchanger E3 ensures by internal heat exchange the preheating before compression of the gas evaporated in the exchanger E2 and the cooling of the fluid condensed in the exchanger E5.

[0114] In mode A, the control valve VI and the expansion valve VE4 are fully closed. The expansion valve VE5 is fully open. The expansion valve VE2 is in control mode.

[0115] The [Fig. 12] represents a mode G of operation of the refrigerant circuit 200 in which the refrigerant from the compressor C passes successively through the valve VIA, the fourth heat exchanger E4, the expansion valve VE4, the hopper V1B, the first inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger E3, the expansion valve VE2, the second heat exchanger E2 and the second inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger E3 before passing through the compressor C again.

[0116] Mode G is a basic cabin air conditioning mode coupled with heat exchange with the heat transfer circuit 100 for heating the high-voltage battery 104 and / or the power electronics module 108.

[0117] In mode G, the refrigerant is condensed in the fourth heat exchanger E4, allowing the heat transfer fluid to be heated, the refrigerant is then expanded by the expansion valve VE2 and undergoes evaporation in the second thermal E2, creating a flow of cold air which is diffused into the vehicle cabin.

[0118] In mode G, the third heat exchanger E3 ensures by internal heat exchange the preheating before compression of the gas evaporated in the exchanger E2 and the cooling of the fluid condensed in the exchanger E4.

[0119] In mode G, the control valve VI and the expansion valve VE5 are fully closed. The expansion valve VE4 is fully open. The expansion valve VE2 is in control mode.

[0120] The [Fig. 13] represents a mode B of operation of the refrigerant circuit 200 in which the refrigerant from the compressor C passes successively through the valve VIA, the second inlet / outlet E5_2 of the fifth heat exchanger E5, the expansion valve VE5, the valve V1B, the first inlet / outlet 202 of the third heat exchanger E3, the valve VE4, the first inlet / outlet E4_1 of the fourth heat exchanger E4, the second inlet / outlet E4_2 of the fourth heat exchanger E4, the valve VIA and the second inlet / outlet 204 of the third heat exchanger E3 before passing through the compressor C again.

[0121] Mode B is a basic forced cooling mode for the high-voltage battery 104 and / or the power electronics module 108. In this mode, the vehicle interior is not temperature regulated.

[0122] In mode B the refrigerant is condensed in the fifth heat exchanger E5, is expanded by the expansion valve VE4 and is evaporated in the fourth heat exchanger E4, which cools the heat transfer fluid which is then directed to the high voltage battery 104 and / or the power electronics module 108, depending on the operating mode of the heat transfer circuit 100.

[0123] In mode B, the third heat exchanger E3 ensures by internal heat exchange the preheating before compression of the gas evaporated in the exchanger E4 and the cooling of the fluid condensed in the exchanger E5.

[0124] In mode B, the control valve VI and the expansion valve VE2 are completely closed. The expansion valve VE5 is completely open. The expansion valve VE4 is in control mode.

[0125] Figure 14 represents a mode C of operation of the refrigerant circuit 200 in which the refrigerant from the compressor C passes successively through the second inlet / outlet E5_2 of the fifth heat exchanger E5, the first inlet / outlet E5_l of the fifth heat exchanger E5, the expansion valve VE5, the valve VIB, the first inlet / outlet 202 of the third heat exchanger E3. At branch R3, a portion of the refrigerant passes successively through valve V1B, expansion valve VE4, the first inlet / outlet E4_l of the fourth heat exchanger E4 and the second inlet / outlet E4_2 of the fourth heat exchanger E4_l before joining the other portion of the refrigerant at branch R4.The other part of the refrigerant, starting from branch R3, passes successively through the expansion valve VE2, the first inlet / outlet E2_1 of the second heat exchanger E2, the second inlet / outlet E2_2 of the second heat exchanger E2 to join the rest of the refrigerant at branch R4 which then passes through the second inlet / outlet 204 of the third heat exchanger E3 before passing through the compressor C again.

[0126] Mode C is a combined mode allowing simultaneous cooling of the passenger compartment 210 and the high-voltage battery 104 and / or the power electronics module 108.

[0127] In mode C, the refrigerant is condensed in the fifth heat exchanger E5, part of it is expanded by VE2 and evaporated in E2, creating a flow of cold air towards the cabin, the other part is expanded by VE4 and evaporated in E4, which cools the heat transfer fluid which is directed to the battery and / or the power electronics.

[0128] In mode C, the third heat exchanger E3 ensures by internal heat exchange the preheating before compression of the gas evaporated in the exchangers E2 and E4 and the cooling of the fluid condensed in the exchanger E5.

[0129] In mode C, the control valve V1 is completely closed. The expansion valve VE5 is completely open. The expansion valve VE2 and the expansion valve VE4 are in control mode.

[0130] Figure 15 represents a mode H of operation of the refrigerant circuit 200 in which the refrigerant from the compressor C passes successively through valve VIA, the second inlet / outlet E4_2 of the fourth heat exchanger E4, the first inlet / outlet E4_1 of the fourth heat exchanger E4, the expansion valve VE4, The refrigerant flows through valve V1B and the first inlet / outlet 202 of the third heat exchanger E3. Then, at branch R3, a portion of the refrigerant passes successively through valve V1B, expansion valve VE5, the first inlet / outlet E5_1 of the fifth heat exchanger E5, the second inlet / outlet E5_2 of the fifth heat exchanger E5, and valve VIA to join the other portion of the refrigerant at branch R4. The other portion of the refrigerant, starting from branch R3, passes successively through expansion valve VE2, the first inlet / outlet E2_1 of the second heat exchanger E2, and the second inlet / outlet E2_1 of the second heat exchanger E2 to join the rest of the refrigerant at branch R4, which then passes through the second inlet / outlet 204 of the third heat exchanger E3 before passing through compressor C again.

[0131] Mode H is a combined mode allowing simultaneous cooling of the vehicle's passenger compartment 210 and heating of the high-voltage battery 104 and / or the power electronics module 108.

[0132] In mode H, the refrigerant is condensed in the fourth heat exchanger E4, heating the heat transfer fluid which is directed to the high voltage battery 104 and / or the power electronics module 108, part of the refrigerant is then expanded by the expansion valve VE2 and evaporated in the second heat exchanger E2, which creates a flow of cold air towards the cabin 210, the other part of the refrigerant is expanded by the expansion valve VE5 and evaporated in the fifth heat exchanger E5.

[0133] In mode H, the third heat exchanger E3 ensures by internal heat exchange the preheating before compression of the gas evaporated in the exchanger E2 and the cooling of the fluid condensed in the exchanger E4.

[0134] In mode H, the control valve V1 is completely closed. The expansion valve VE4 is completely open. The expansion valve VE2 and the expansion valve VE5 are in control mode.

[0135] Fig. 16 represents a mode I of operation of the refrigerant circuit 200 in which the refrigerant from the compressor C passes successively through the control valve VI, the second inlet / outlet El_2 of the first heat exchanger El, the first inlet / outlet El_1 of the first heat exchanger El, the first inlet / outlet 202 of the third heat exchanger E3, the valve V1B, the expansion valve VE5, the first inlet / outlet E5_1 of the fifth heat exchanger E5, the second inlet / outlet E5_2 of the fifth heat exchanger E5, the valve VIA, the second inlet / outlet 204 of the third heat exchanger E3 before passing through the compressor C again.

[0136] Mode I is a basic mode of heating the passenger compartment 210 by heat pump.

[0137] In mode I, the refrigerant is condensed in the first heat exchanger El, which heats the air sent into the passenger compartment 210, then the fluid is expanded by the expansion valve VE5 and is evaporated in the fifth heat exchanger E5.

[0138] In mode I, the third heat exchanger E3 ensures by internal heat exchange the preheating before compression of the gas evaporated in the exchanger E5 and the cooling of the fluid condensed in the exchanger El.

[0139] In mode I, the expansion valve VE2 and the expansion valve VE4 are completely closed. The control valve VI is completely open. The expansion valve VE5 is in control mode.

[0140] Fig. 17 represents a mode J of operation of the refrigerant circuit 200 in which the refrigerant from the compressor C passes successively through valve VI, the second inlet / outlet El_2 of the first heat exchanger El, the first inlet / outlet El_1 of the first heat exchanger El, the first inlet / outlet 202 of the third heat exchanger E3. At branch R3, part of the refrigerant passes through valve V1B, expansion valve VE5, first inlet / outlet E5_1 of the fifth heat exchanger E5, second inlet / outlet E5_2 of the fifth heat exchanger E5, valve VIA, to join the rest of the refrigerant at branch R4.The other part of the refrigerant from branch R3 passes successively through the expansion valve VE2, the first inlet / outlet E2_1 of the second heat exchanger E2, the second inlet / outlet E2_2 of the second heat exchanger E2, to join the rest of the refrigerant at branch R4. At the outlet of branch R4, the refrigerant passes through the second inlet / outlet 204 of the third heat exchanger E3 before passing through the compressor C again.

[0141] Mode J is a mixed mode allowing heating of cabin 210 and defrosting of a windshield of the vehicle.

[0142] In mode J, the refrigerant is condensed in the first heat exchanger El, which heats the air sent into the cabin 210, then part of the fluid is expanded by the expansion valve VE2 and evaporated in the second heat exchanger E2, which allows the cabin air to be dehydrated before being heated in the first heat exchanger EL. The other part of the refrigerant is expanded by the expansion valve VE5 and evaporated in the fifth heat exchanger E5.

[0143] In mode J, the third heat exchanger E3 ensures, by internal heat exchange, the preheating before compression of the gas evaporated in the exchangers E2 and E5 and the cooling of the fluid condensed in the exchanger EL

[0144] In mode J, the expansion valve VE4 is completely closed. The control valve VI is completely open. The expansion valve VE2 and the expansion valve VE5 are in control mode.

[0145] Fig. 18 represents a K mode of operation of the refrigerant circuit 200 in which the refrigerant from the compressor C passes successively through valve VI, the second inlet / outlet El_2 of the first heat exchanger El, the first inlet / outlet El_1 of the first heat exchanger El, the first inlet / outlet 202 of the third heat exchanger E3, valve V1B, expansion valve VE4, the first inlet / outlet E4_1 of the fourth heat exchanger E4, the second inlet / outlet E4_2 of the fourth heat exchanger E4, valve VIA, the second inlet / outlet 204 of the third heat exchanger E3 before passing through the compressor C again.

[0146] Mode K is a basic mode of heating the passenger compartment using the heat from the heat transfer fluid.

[0147] In mode K, the refrigerant is condensed in the first heat exchanger El, which heats the air sent into the passenger compartment 210, then the refrigerant is expanded by the expansion valve VE4 and evaporated in the fourth heat exchanger E4, allowing the cooling of the heat transfer fluid which is directed to the high-voltage battery 104 and / or the power electronics module 108.

[0148] In mode K, the third heat exchanger E3 ensures, by internal heat exchange, the preheating of the gas evaporated in the exchanger E4 and the cooling of the fluid condensed in the exchanger EL.

[0149] In mode K, the expansion valve VE2 and the expansion valve VE5 are completely closed. The control valve VI is completely open. The expansion valve VE4 is in control mode.

[0150] Fig. 19 represents a mode L of operation of the refrigerant circuit 200 in which the refrigerant from the compressor C passes successively through valve VI, the second inlet / outlet El_2 of the first heat exchanger El, the first inlet / outlet El_1 of the first heat exchanger El, the first inlet / outlet 202 of the third heat exchanger E3. Then, at branch R3, part of the refrigerant passes successively through valve V1B, expansion valve VE4, first inlet / outlet E4_1 of the fourth heat exchanger E4, second inlet / outlet E4_2 of the fourth heat exchanger E4, valve VIA, to join the rest of the refrigerant at branch R4. The other part of the refrigerant, starting from branch R3, passes successively through the expansion valve VE2, the first inlet / outlet E2_1 of the second heat exchanger E2, and the second inlet / outlet E2_2 of the second heat exchanger E2, to join the rest of the refrigerant at branch R4. The refrigerant exiting branch R4 passes through the second inlet / outlet 204 of the third heat exchanger E3 before passing through compressor C again.

[0151] Mode L is a mixed mode allowing heating of the cabin 210 and defrosting of the windshield, as well as cooling of the heat transfer fluid which could be used to cool the high voltage battery 104 and / or the power electronics module 108.

[0152] In mode L, the refrigerant is condensed in the first heat exchanger El, which heats the air sent into the passenger compartment 210, then part of the fluid is expanded by the expansion valve VE2 and evaporated in the second heat exchanger E2, which allows the air in the cabin to be dehydrated before being heated in the first heat exchanger EL. The other part of the refrigerant is expanded by the expansion valve VE4 and evaporated in the fourth heat exchanger E4, allowing the cooling of the heat transfer fluid which is directed to the high voltage battery 104 and / or the power electronics module 108.

[0153] In mode L, the third heat exchanger E3 ensures, by internal heat exchange, the preheating of the gas evaporated in the exchangers E2 and E4 and the cooling of the fluid condensed in the exchanger EL.

[0154] In mode L, the expansion valve VE5 is completely closed. The control valve VI is completely open. The expansion valve VE2 and the expansion valve VE4 are in control mode.

[0155] Figure 20 represents an N mode of operation of the refrigerant circuit 200 in which the refrigerant from the compressor C is divided into two parts at branch R2. One part of the refrigerant passes through valve VIA, the second inlet / outlet E5_2 of the fifth heat exchanger E5, the first inlet / outlet E5_l of the fifth heat exchanger E5, the expansion valve VE5, valve V1B to join the rest of the refrigerant at branch RL. The other part of the refrigerant, at the outlet of branch R2, passes successively through valve VI, the second inlet / outlet El_2 of the first heat exchanger El, the first inlet / outlet El_l of the first heat exchanger El, to join the rest of the refrigerant.The refrigerant at the outlet of branch RI passes successively through the first inlet / outlet 202 of the third heat exchanger E3, the valve V1B, the expansion valve VE4, the first inlet / outlet E4_1 of the fourth heat exchanger E4, the second inlet / outlet E4_2 of the fourth heat exchanger E4, the valve VIA, the second inlet / outlet 204 of the third heat exchanger E3 before passing through the compressor C again.

[0156] N mode is a basic mode for heating the passenger compartment 210 and for high-power cooling of the high-voltage battery 104 and / or the power electronics module 108.

[0157] In N mode, the refrigerant is condensed in the first heat exchanger El, which heats the air sent into the passenger compartment, as well as in the fifth heat exchanger E5, for better condensation, then the fluid is expanded by VE4 and evaporated in E4, allowing the cooling of the heat transfer fluid which is directed to the battery and / or the power electronics.

[0158] In mode N, the third heat exchanger E3 ensures by internal heat exchange the preheating before compression of the gas evaporated in the exchanger E4 and the cooling of the fluid condensed in the exchangers El and E5.

[0159] In N mode, the expansion valve VE2 is completely closed. The control valve VI and the expansion valve VE5 are completely open. The expansion valve VE4 is in control mode.

[0160] Fig. 21 represents a mode F of operation of the refrigerant circuit 200 in which the refrigerant from the compressor C passes successively through valve VIA, the second inlet / outlet E4_2 of the fourth heat exchanger E4, the first inlet / outlet E4_l of the fourth heat exchanger E4, the expansion valve VE4, valve VIB, the first inlet / outlet 202 of the third heat exchanger E3, valve V1B, expansion valve VE5, the first inlet / outlet E5_l of the fifth heat exchanger E5, the second inlet / outlet E5_2 of the fifth heat exchanger E5, valve VIA, the second inlet / outlet 204 of the third heat exchanger E3 before passing through the compressor C again.

[0161] Mode F is a mode allowing the heating of the high-voltage battery 104 and / or the power electronics module 108 from ambient air.

[0162] In mode F, the refrigerant is condensed in the fourth heat exchanger E4, which heats the heat transfer fluid which is directed to the high voltage battery 104 and / or the power electronics module 108, then the refrigerant is expanded by the expansion valve VE5 and evaporated in the fifth heat exchanger E5.

[0163] In mode F, the third heat exchanger E3 ensures by internal heat exchange the preheating before compression of the gas evaporated in the exchanger E5 and the cooling of the fluid condensed in the exchanger E4.

[0164] In mode F, the control valve VI and the expansion valve VE2 are fully closed. The expansion valve VE4 is fully open. The expansion valve VE5 is in control mode.

[0165] Figure 22 represents an operating mode M of the refrigerant circuit 200 in which the refrigerant from the compressor C is divided into two parts at the From branch R2, a portion of the refrigerant flows through valve VIA, the second inlet / outlet E4_2 of the fourth heat exchanger E4, the first inlet / outlet E4_l of the fourth heat exchanger E4, the expansion valve VE4, and valve V1B to rejoin the remaining refrigerant at branch RI. The other portion of refrigerant, exiting branch R2, flows successively through valve VI, the second inlet / outlet El_2 of the first heat exchanger El, and the first inlet / outlet El_l of the first heat exchanger El, to rejoin the remaining refrigerant.The refrigerant at the outlet of branch RI passes successively through the first inlet / outlet 202 of the third heat exchanger E3, the valve V1B, the expansion valve VE5, the first inlet / outlet E5_l of the fifth heat exchanger E5, the second inlet / outlet E4_2 of the fifth heat exchanger E4, the valve VIA, the second inlet / outlet 204 of the third heat exchanger E3 before passing through the compressor C again.

[0166] Mode M is a mixed mode allowing heating of the cabin 210 and heating of the high voltage battery 104 and / or the power electronics module 108 from ambient air.

[0167] In M mode, the refrigerant is condensed in the first heat exchanger El, which heats the air sent into the passenger compartment 210, and in the fourth heat exchanger E4, which heats the heat transfer fluid which is directed to the high-voltage battery 104 and / or the power electronics module 108, then the fluid is expanded by the expansion valve VE5 and evaporated in the fifth heat exchanger E5.

[0168] In mode M, the third heat exchanger E3 ensures by internal heat exchange the preheating before compression of the gas evaporated in the exchanger E5 and the cooling of the fluid condensed in the exchangers El and E4.

[0169] In mode M, the expansion valve VE2 is completely closed. The control valve VI and the expansion valve VE4 are completely open. The expansion valve VE5 is in control mode.

[0170] Figure 23 relates to a mode D of operation of the refrigerant circuit 200 in which the refrigerant from the compressor C is divided into two parts at branch R2. One part of the refrigerant passes through valve VIA, the second inlet / outlet E5_2 of the fifth heat exchanger E5, the first inlet / outlet E5_1 of the fifth heat exchanger E5, the expansion valve VE5, and valve V1B to rejoin the rest of the refrigerant at branch RL. The other part of the refrigerant, at the outlet of branch R2, passes successively through valve VI, the second inlet / outlet El_2 of the first heat exchanger El, and the first inlet / outlet El_1 of the first heat exchanger El. to join the rest of the refrigerant at branch RI. The refrigerant at the outlet of branch RI, the refrigerant passes through the first inlet / outlet 202 of the third heat exchanger E3, then, at branch R3, part of the refrigerant passes successively through valve V1B, expansion valve VE4, first inlet / outlet E4_1 of the fourth heat exchanger E4, second inlet / outlet E4_2 of the fourth heat exchanger E4, valve VIA, to join the rest of the refrigerant at branch R4. The other part of the refrigerant, starting from branch R3, passes successively through the expansion valve VE2, the first inlet / outlet E2_1 of the second heat exchanger E2, the second inlet / outlet E2_2 of the second heat exchanger E2, to join the rest of the refrigerant at branch R4.The refrigerant fluid at the outlet of branch R4 passes through the second inlet / outlet 204 of the third heat exchanger E3 before passing through compressor C again.

[0171] Mode D is a mixed mode allowing cabin heating 210 and windshield defrosting, as well as high-power cooling of the high-voltage battery 104 and / or the power electronics module 108.

[0172] In mode D, the refrigerant is condensed in the first heat exchanger El, which heats the air sent into the cabin 210, and in the fifth heat exchanger E5, then part of the fluid is expanded by the expansion valve VE2 and evaporated in the second heat exchanger E2, which allows the cabin air 210 to be dehydrated before being heated in the first heat exchanger EL. The other part of the fluid is expanded in the expansion valve VE4 and then evaporated in the fourth heat exchanger E4, which cools the heat transfer fluid which is directed to the high voltage battery 104 and / or the power electronics module 108.

[0173] The third heat exchanger E3 ensures by internal heat exchange the preheating before compression of the gas evaporated in the exchangers E2 and E4 and the cooling of the fluid condensed in the exchangers E1 and E5.

[0174] In mode D, the expansion valve VE5 and the control valve V1 are fully open. The expansion valve VE2 and the expansion valve VE4 are in control mode.

[0175] Figure 24 is an operating mode E of the refrigerant circuit 200 in which the refrigerant from compressor C is divided into two parts at branch R2. One part of the refrigerant passes through valve VIA, the second inlet / outlet E4_2 of the fourth heat exchanger E4, the first inlet / outlet E4_1 of the fourth heat exchanger E4, the expansion valve VE4, and valve V1B to rejoin the rest of the refrigerant at the branch. RI. The remaining portion of the refrigerant, exiting branch R2, passes successively through valve VI, the second inlet / outlet El_2 of the first heat exchanger El, the first inlet / outlet El_1 of the first heat exchanger El, to rejoin the rest of the refrigerant at branch RI. The refrigerant exiting branch RI passes through the first inlet / outlet 202 of the third heat exchanger E3 and is then split in two at branch R3. One portion of the refrigerant passes successively through valve V1B, expansion valve VE5, the first inlet / outlet E5_1 of the fifth heat exchanger E5, the second inlet / outlet E5_2 of the fifth heat exchanger E5, and valve VIA to rejoin the other portion of the fluid at branch R4.The other part of the refrigerant, starting from branch R3, passes successively through the expansion valve VE2, the first inlet / outlet E2_l of the second heat exchanger E2, the second inlet / outlet E2_l of the second heat exchanger E2 to join the rest of the refrigerant at branch R4 which then passes through the second inlet / outlet 204 of the third heat exchanger E3 before passing through the compressor C again.

[0176] Mode E is a combination allowing heating of the cabin 210 and defrosting of the windshield, as well as high-power heating of the high-voltage battery 104 and / or the power electronics module 108.

[0177] In mode E, the refrigerant is condensed in the first heat exchanger El, which heats the air sent into the passenger compartment 210, and in the fourth heat exchanger E4, which heats the heat transfer fluid which is directed to the high-voltage battery 104 and / or the power electronics module 108, then part of the refrigerant is expanded by the expansion valve VE2 and evaporated in the second heat exchanger E2, which allows the cabin air to be dehydrated before being heated in the first heat exchanger EL. The other part of the refrigerant is expanded in the expansion valve VE5 and then evaporated in the fifth heat exchanger E5.

[0178] In mode E, the third heat exchanger E3 ensures by internal heat exchange the preheating before compression of the gas evaporated in the exchangers E2 and E5 and the cooling of the fluid condensed in the exchangers E1 and E4.

[0179] In mode E, the expansion valve VE4 and the control valve V1 are fully open. The expansion valve VE2 and the expansion valve VE5 are in control mode.

[0180] The combination of the fourteen modes of the refrigerant circuit 200 (A to N) with the three modes of the heat transfer circuit (1 to 3) gives the possibility of obtaining 42 different modes.

[0181] By way of example and without limitation, some examples of operating modes of a thermal conditioning installation comprising the circuit The heat transfer fluid 100 and the refrigerant circuit 200, and their application, are described below. Each mode is identified by a reference consisting of the letter corresponding to the mode of the refrigerant circuit 200 followed by the number corresponding to the mode of the heat transfer fluid 100.

[0182] Figure 25 represents a mode 12 of operation of the installation in which the refrigerant circuit 200 operates according to mode 1 of Figure 16 and the heat transfer circuit 100 operates according to the second mode of operation of Figure 3. This mode 12 can be used in the case of high-speed driving of the vehicle in cold weather. Thus, the refrigerant circuit 200 is used as a heat pump from the ambient air to heat the cabin 210, while the heat transfer circuit 100 recovers heat from the propulsion system through the traction motor heat exchanger 106 to heat the high-voltage battery 104.

[0183] Figure 26 represents an N2 operating mode of the installation in which the refrigerant circuit 200 operates according to the N mode of Figure 20 and the heat transfer circuit 100 operates according to the second operating mode of Figure 3. This N2 mode can be used for rapid charging of the high-voltage battery 104 in cold weather. Thus, the refrigerant circuit 200 is used as a heat pump to heat the cabin 210, while the heat transfer circuit 100 recovers the cold generated by the evaporation of the refrigerant to cool the high-voltage battery 104.

[0184] Figure 27 represents a K2 operating mode of the installation in which the refrigerant circuit 200 operates according to mode K of Figure 18 and the heat transfer circuit 100 operates according to the second operating mode of Figure 3. This K2 mode can be used for high-speed driving in cold weather, after recharging the high-voltage battery 104. Thus, the refrigerant circuit 200 is used as a heat pump with the high-voltage battery 104 as the heat source to warm the cabin 210.

[0185] Figure 28 represents a mode C1 of operation of the installation in which the refrigerant circuit 200 operates according to mode C of Figure 14 and the heat transfer circuit 100 operates according to the first mode of operation of Figure 2. This mode C1 can be used for high-speed driving in hot weather. Thus, the refrigerant circuit 200 is used in air conditioning mode, drawing from ambient air to cool the cab 210 and the high-voltage battery 104. The heat transfer circuit 100 is used to passively cool the propulsion system by cooling the heat exchanger of the traction motor 106 from ambient air.

[0186] Figure [Fig. 29] represents an operating mode A1 of the installation in which the refrigerant circuit 200 operates according to mode A of Figure [Fig. 11] and the heat transfer circuit 100 operates according to the first operating mode of Figure [Fig. 2]. This Mode Al can be used for a rapid start-up charge of the high-voltage battery 104 in warm weather. In this mode, the refrigerant circuit 200 is used in air conditioning mode, drawing from ambient air to cool the cabin 210. The pre-cooled high-voltage battery 104 is allowed to self-heat. The heat transfer circuit 100 can be used to passively cool the propulsion system by cooling the traction motor 106 heat exchanger from ambient air if necessary.

[0187] Figure 30 represents a K3 operating mode of the system in which the refrigerant circuit 200 operates according to mode K of Figure 18 and the heat transfer circuit 100 operates according to the third operating mode of Figure 4. This K3 mode can be adapted for urban driving in cold weather.The refrigerant circuit 200 is used to heat the cab 210 in heat pump mode using heat generated by the propulsion system and recovered by the heat transfer circuit 100 through the traction motor heat exchanger 106. The previously conditioned high-voltage battery 104 is not regulated during this phase.

[0188] Figure 31 represents an operating mode 13 of the installation in which the refrigerant circuit 200 operates according to mode 1 of Figure 16 and the heat transfer circuit 100 operates according to the third operating mode of Figure 4. This mode 13 can be adapted for urban driving in cold weather. The refrigerant circuit 200 is used to heat the cab 210 in heat pump mode using ambient air when the propulsion system temperature has dropped to ambient level. The previously conditioned high-voltage battery 104 is not regulated during this phase.

[0189] The preceding diagrams are only examples of seven possible uses out of the forty-two technically feasible modes. Other vehicle use cases advantageously implement other modes, just as the modes described can be used in other use cases.

[0190] .

Claims

Demands

1. Thermal conditioning installation of a passenger compartment and / or at least one component of a vehicle comprising: • a heat transfer circuit (100) for circulating a heat transfer fluid, • a refrigerant circuit (200) for circulating a refrigerant fluid, characterized in that the heat transfer circuit (100) includes said at least one component of the vehicle (104, 106, 108) for exchanging heat, a heating means (110) for the heat transfer fluid, an inter-circuit heat exchanger (102), a front-mounted heat exchanger (112) capable of exchanging heat with air outside the vehicle, and means for circulating the heat transfer fluid capable of circulating the heat transfer fluid between one or more components of the vehicle (104, 106, 108), the heating means (110) for the heat transfer fluid, the front-mounted heat exchanger (112) and / or the inter-circuit heat exchanger (102), in that the refrigerant circuit (200) includes a compressor (C),a first heat exchanger (E1) and a second heat exchanger (E2) capable of exchanging heat with air, a fourth heat exchanger (E4), a fifth heat exchanger (E5) capable of exchanging heat with air outside the vehicle, and refrigerant circulation means capable of circulating the heat transfer fluid between the heat exchangers of the refrigerant circuit, and in that the inter-circuit heat exchanger (102) of the heat transfer circuit and the fourth heat exchanger (E4) of the refrigerant circuit are arranged in heat exchange with each other.

2. Installation according to claim 1, wherein said at least one vehicle component (104,106,108) is a high-voltage battery (104), a power electronics module (108) or a traction motor exchanger (106).

3. Installation according to claim 2, wherein the heat transfer circuit comprises four loops in which the heat transfer fluid circulates and which are connected by a multi-way valve (118), the first loop comprising the power electronics module (108) and the traction motor exchanger (106), the second loop comprising the high voltage battery (104), the third loop comprising the heat transfer fluid heating means (110) and the inter-circuit heat exchanger (102), the fourth loop comprising the front heat exchanger (112).

4. Installation according to claim 2, wherein the heat transfer circuit comprises three loops in which the heat transfer fluid circulates and which are connected by a multi-way valve (120), the first loop comprising the power electronics module (108), the traction motor exchanger (106) and the front heat exchanger (112), the second loop comprising the high-voltage battery (104), the third loop comprising the heat transfer fluid heating means (110) and the inter-circuit heat exchanger (102).

5. Installation according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the first loop of the heat transfer circuit and / or the third loop of the heat transfer circuit includes a circulation pump (114,116).

6. Installation according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the heating means (110) of the heat transfer circuit (100) is a simple electrical resistance or an electrical resistance with a positive temperature coefficient.

7. An installation according to any one of the preceding claims taken in combination with claim 3, wherein the circulation means of the heat transfer fluid circuit are configured to operate in at least one of the following modes: a first mode in which, on the one hand, the first loop and the fourth loop communicate so that heat transfer fluid circulates in the first and fourth loops, and on the other hand, the second and third loops communicate so that heat transfer fluid circulates in the second and third loops; a second mode in which all four loops communicate with each other so that the heat transfer fluid circulates in all four loops; and a third mode in which the first, third, and fourth loops communicate so that the fluid heat transfer fluid circulates in the first loop, in the third loop and in the fourth loop.

8. An installation according to any one of the preceding claims taken in combination with claim 4, wherein the circulation means of the heat transfer fluid circuit are configured to operate in at least one of the following modes: a first mode in which, on the one hand, heat transfer fluid circulates in the first loop, and on the other hand, the second loop and the third loop communicate so that heat transfer fluid circulates in the second and third loops; a second mode in which the three loops communicate with each other so that the heat transfer fluid circulates in all three loops; and a third mode in which the first and third loops communicate so that the heat transfer fluid circulates in the first and third loops.

9. An installation according to any one of the preceding claims, the refrigerant circuit circulation means being configured to operate in at least one of the following modes: a mode A in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor (C), the fifth heat exchanger (E5) and the second heat exchanger (E2) before passing through the compressor (C) again; a mode B in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor (C), the fifth heat exchanger (E5), and the fourth heat exchanger (E4) before passing through the compressor (C) again; a mode C in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor (C), the fifth heat exchanger (E5),simultaneously the fourth heat exchanger (E4) and the second heat exchanger (E2) before passing through the compressor (C) again, a mode D in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor (C), simultaneously the first heat exchanger (E1) and the fifth heat exchanger (E5), then simultaneously the fourth heat exchanger (E4) and the second heat exchanger (E2), before passing through the compressor (C) again, a mode E in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor (C), simultaneously the first heat exchanger (E1) and the fourth heat exchanger (E4), then simultaneously the fifth heat exchanger (E5) and the second heat exchanger (E2) before passing through the compressor (C) again, a mode F in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor (C), the fourth heat exchanger (E4), and the fifth heat exchanger (E5) before passing through the compressor (C) again; a mode G in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor (C), the fourth heat exchanger (E4), and the second heat exchanger (E2) before passing through the compressor (C) again; a mode H in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor (C), the fourth heat exchanger (E4), simultaneously the fifth heat exchanger (E5) and the second heat exchanger (E2), before passing through the compressor (C) again; a mode I in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor (C), the first heat exchanger (El), and the fifth heat exchanger (E5) before passing through the compressor (C) again, a mode J in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor (C), the first heat exchanger (E1), simultaneously the fifth heat exchanger (E5) and the second heat exchanger (E2) before passing through the compressor (C) again, a K mode in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor (C), the first heat exchanger (El), and the fourth heat exchanger (E4) before passing through the compressor (C) again, a mode L in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor (C), the first heat exchanger (E1), simultaneously the fourth heat exchanger (E4) and the second heat exchanger (E2), before passing through the compressor (C) again, an M mode in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor (C), simultaneously the first heat exchanger (El) and the fourth heat exchanger (E4), then the fifth heat exchanger (E5) before passing through the compressor (C) again, an N mode in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor (C), simultaneously the first heat exchanger (El) and the fifth heat exchanger (E5), then the fourth heat exchanger (E4) before passing through the compressor (C) again.

10. An installation according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the refrigerant circuit (200) comprises a third heat exchanger (E3), said third heat exchanger (E3) of the refrigerant circuit (200) comprising a first inlet / outlet (202) and a second inlet / outlet (204), said third heat exchanger (E3) being configured to heat the refrigerant in the gaseous state before its compression and to cool the refrigerant after its condensation.

11. An installation according to the preceding claim, the refrigerant circuit circulation means being configured to operate in at least one of the following modes: a mode A in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor (C), the fifth heat exchanger (E5), the first inlet / outlet (202) of the third heat exchanger (E3), the second heat exchanger (E2) and the second inlet / outlet (204) of the third heat exchanger (E3), a mode B in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor (C), the fifth heat exchanger (E5), the first inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger (E3), the fourth heat exchanger (E4) and the second inlet / outlet (204) of the third heat exchanger (E3), a mode C in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor (C),the fifth heat exchanger (E5), the first inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger (E3), simultaneously the fourth heat exchanger (E4) and the second heat exchanger, (E2), then the second inlet / outlet (204) of the third heat exchanger (E3), a mode D in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor (C), simultaneously the first heat exchanger (E1) and the fifth heat exchanger (E5), then successively the first inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger (E3), simultaneously the fourth heat exchanger (E4) and the second heat exchanger (E2), then the second inlet / outlet (E1) of the third heat exchanger (E3), a mode E in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor (C), simultaneously the first heat exchanger (E1) and the fourth heat exchanger (E4), then successively the first inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger (E3), simultaneously the fifth heat exchanger (E5) and the second heat exchanger (E2), then the second inlet / outlet (E1) of the third heat exchanger (E3), a mode F in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor (C), the fourth heat exchanger (E4), the first inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger (E3), the fifth heat exchanger (E5), and the second inlet / outlet (204) of the third heat exchanger (E3), a mode G in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor (C), the fourth heat exchanger (E4), the first inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger (E3), the second heat exchanger (E2) and the second inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger (E3) a mode H in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor (C), the fourth heat exchanger (E4), the first inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger (E3), simultaneously the fifth heat exchanger (E5) and the second heat exchanger (E2), then the second inlet / outlet (204) of the third heat exchanger (E3), a mode I in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor (C), the first heat exchanger (E1), the first inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger (E3), the fifth heat exchanger (E5) and the second inlet / outlet (E1) of the third heat exchanger (E3), a mode J in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor (C), the first heat exchanger (El), the first inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger (E3), simultaneously the fifth heat exchanger (E5) and the second heat exchanger (E2), then the second inlet / outlet (204) of the third heat exchanger (E3), a mode K in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor (C), the first heat exchanger (El), the first inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger (E3), the fourth heat exchanger (E4) and the second inlet / outlet (204) of the third heat exchanger (E3), a mode L in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor (C), the first heat exchanger (El), the first inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger (E3), simultaneously the fourth heat exchanger (E4) and the second heat exchanger (E2), then the second inlet / outlet (204) of the third heat exchanger (E3), a mode M in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor (C), simultaneously the first heat exchanger (El) and the fourth heat exchanger (E4), then successively the first inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger (E3), the fifth heat exchanger (E5), and the second inlet / outlet (204) of the third heat exchanger (E3), an N mode in which the refrigerant circulates in a loop comprising at least successively the compressor (C), simultaneously the first heat exchanger (El) and the fifth heat exchanger (E5), then successively the first inlet / outlet of the third heat exchanger (E3), the fourth heat exchanger (E4) and the second inlet / outlet (204) of the third heat exchanger (E3).

12. Motor vehicle comprising an installation according to one of the preceding claims.

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