PRECHARGE METHOD AND ASSOCIATED DEVICE

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for pre-charging, at a nominal voltage (Vnom, 601), the terminals of a network (106) which may include one or more capacitive components, the pre-charging being carried out using a converter (300) adapted to convert an input voltage (Ve) into an output voltage (Vs) higher than the input voltage, the output voltage being applied to the network, the converter being equipped with a regulator (304) receiving a setpoint voltage (Vc), the method comprising determining (403, 503) a setpoint voltage (602) by subtracting, from the nominal voltage, a predicted value of the output voltage exceeding the nominal voltage during pre-charging; and modifying (408, 508) the setpoint voltage to the nominal voltage after detecting an absolute maximum of the output voltage. Figure 4 for the abstract.

Description

Title of the invention: PRE-LOADING METHOD AND ASSOCIATED DEVICE Technical field of the invention

[0001] The present invention relates to a pre-charge device and an associated device. The invention applies in particular, but not exclusively, to voltage converters used for energy conversion between two batteries of different voltages, such as those used in electric vehicles. Technical background

[0002] Electric vehicle power systems use low-voltage batteries, typically 12V, and high-voltage batteries, for example between 400V and 800V. The low-voltage battery is used, for example, to power the braking system, control units, or the dashboard, while the high-voltage battery is used to power the 'PTC' (for 'Positive Temperature Coefficient') heater or the inverter to convert the high-voltage direct current output from the high-voltage battery into the alternating current that powers the electric motor.

[0003] The high-voltage battery must be disconnected when the vehicle is not in operation, for safety reasons. Connecting or disconnecting the high-voltage battery can be done via appropriately controlled relays. Also for safety reasons, when the high-voltage battery must be connected, a so-called 'pre-charge' phase is necessary, during which the voltage across the high-voltage system is brought to a voltage substantially equal to—or at least close to—the voltage of the high-voltage battery.Once the pre-charge phase is complete, the high-voltage battery can be connected to the terminals of the high-voltage device network, avoiding the production of harmful electrical arcs, or even the irreparable welding of the relays which would then result in the presence of high voltage at the vehicle even when it is stopped, inducing risks of electric shock or even electrocution for the user or the repairer.

[0004] A voltage converter is placed between the two voltage sources and converts the low voltage into a higher voltage, known as high voltage. A converter can be reversible and, in this case, also convert the high voltage into low voltage. The pre-charge phase is carried out using the voltage supplied by the low-voltage battery, converted to a higher DC voltage by the voltage converter. However, the high-voltage network typically includes subsystems and components with high capacitance, which will impact the pre-charge phase even if these subsystems and components are not yet operational. The total capacitance of a high-voltage network in an electric vehicle is, for example, around 1.5 mF, but can reach 5 mF. If a set voltage is exceeded during the pre-charge phase, the capacitance of the high-voltage network will tend to slow the decay of this excess voltage towards the set voltage. The intended application may impose constraints on the duration of the pre-charge phase and therefore the time required for convergence to the set voltage. For example, it may be desirable that, from the perspective of the electric vehicle user, the pre-charge phase remain virtually imperceptible and therefore be very short, lasting less than one second.

[0005] It is therefore desirable to be able to manage the pre-charge phase by taking into account the problem outlined above. Summary of the invention

[0006] According to a first aspect, a pre-charging method is disclosed, at a nominal voltage, across the terminals of a network that may include one or more capacitive components, the pre-charging being carried out using a converter adapted to convert an input voltage into an output voltage higher than the input voltage, the output voltage being applied to the network, the converter being equipped with a regulator receiving a setpoint voltage, the method comprising: - the determination of the setpoint voltage by subtracting, from the nominal voltage, a predicted overshoot value, the predicted overshoot value representing an overshoot of the output voltage relative to the nominal voltage during a pre-charge carried out with a setpoint voltage equal to the nominal voltage; - triggering the network pre-charge by applying the setpoint voltage thus determined; - the detection of an absolute maximum of the output voltage; - the implementation of an initial non-zero delay following detection of the absolute maximum; - following the delay, the change from the setpoint voltage to the nominal voltage.

[0007] According to the various embodiments, the converter's setpoint voltage is initially reduced relative to the nominal voltage to be achieved during pre-charge. The reduction is, for example, taken to be equal to the expected voltage overshoot relative to the nominal voltage if the reduction were not performed. The expected overshoot value thus represents the overshoot that would be obtained if the described method were not implemented. During pre-charge, the overshoot will thus occur by relative to the reduced nominal voltage. After reaching this overshoot and after a non-zero delay, the setpoint voltage is adjusted to be equal to the nominal high voltage. This gives the converter's regulation loop time to adapt and begin to converge the voltage before restoring the desired setpoint voltage.

[0008] The converter regulation coefficients for achieving the nominal voltage do not need to be changed, thus avoiding potential instabilities. The adjustment is essentially made to the setpoint voltage value, which is relatively simple to implement.

[0009] According to one embodiment, the first time delay is configured to allow the regulator to deflect the output voltage after the absolute maximum.

[0010] According to one embodiment, the method comprises, when the output voltage of the converter meets at least one pre-charge stopping criterion, the production of a control signal for connecting to the network a voltage source whose voltage is substantially equal to the nominal voltage.

[0011] According to one embodiment, the high voltage source is a battery.

[0012] According to one embodiment, the duration of the first time delay is determined during a calibration phase prior to pre-charge, comprising a plurality of measurements of the instant of occurrence of an absolute maximum during a pre-charge with the nominal voltage as the setpoint voltage, the duration of the first time delay being taken as equal to the difference between the latest instant and the earliest instant over the plurality of measurements, multiplied by a coefficient greater than 1.

[0013] According to one embodiment, the method includes checking whether the output voltage reaches a voltage threshold located below the adjusted setpoint voltage and, if so, triggering a second time delay at the end of which the setpoint voltage is changed to be at the nominal voltage, the duration of the second time delay triggering the continuation of the precharge by applying the nominal voltage as the setpoint voltage even in the event of a failure to detect the absolute maximum.

[0014] According to one embodiment, the expected overshoot value is determined as a function of at least one parameter among the nominal setpoint voltage, the voltage of a voltage source connected to the input of the converter, the temperature.

[0015] Another aspect relates to a converter device comprising a regulator, a processor and a memory containing software code, which, when executed by the processor, leads the device to implement the process according to the invention.

[0016] It should be noted that the application context may be other than that of an electric car. Any system requiring precharging is covered by the invention. Brief description of the figures

[0017] Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent upon reading the detailed description that follows, for an understanding of which reference should be made to the accompanying drawings in which:

[0018] [Fig-1] - [Fig.1] is a functional block diagram of a system comprising a voltage converter according to a non-limiting embodiment;

[0019] [Fig.2a] - [Fig.2a] is a graph illustrating a pre-charge phase without implementation of the described process;

[0020] [Fig.2b] - The [Fig.2b] is a graph illustrating the evolution of the output voltage of the converter in a real case;

[0021] [Fig.3] - the [Fig.3] is a block diagram of a converter according to one or more embodiments;

[0022] [Fig.4] - the [Fig.4] is a flowchart of a process according to a first example of implementation;

[0023] [Fig.5] - the [Fig.5] is a flowchart of a process according to a second example of embodiment;

[0024] [Fig.6] - [Fig.6] is a graph illustrating a pre-charge phase with implementation of the described process. Detailed description of the invention

[0025] In the following description, identical, similar, or analogous elements will be designated by the same reference numerals. The block diagrams, flowcharts, and message sequence diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionalities, and operation of computer systems, devices, processes, and program products according to one or more embodiments. Each block in a block diagram or each phase in a flowchart can represent a module or a portion of software code comprising instructions for implementing one or more functions. In some implementations, the order of the blocks or phases can be changed, or the corresponding functions can be implemented in parallel.Process blocks or phases can be implemented using circuits, software, or a combination of circuits and software, either centrally or in a distributed manner, for all or part of the blocks or phases. The systems, devices, processes, and methods described can be modified, supplemented, and / or deleted while remaining within the scope of this description. For example, the components of a device or system can be integrated or separated. Similarly, the described functions can be implemented using more or fewer components or phases, or with other components or through other means. other phases. Any suitable data processing system can be used for implementation. A suitable data processing system or device includes, for example, a combination of software code and circuits, such as a processor, controller, or other circuit suitable for executing the software code. When the software code is executed, the processor or controller directs the system or device to implement all or part of the functionalities of the blocks and / or phases of the processes or methods, according to the embodiment examples. The software code can be stored in memory or on a readable medium accessible directly or through another module by the processor or controller.

[0026] The embodiment examples that will be described are mainly situated in the context of an electric car. However, the pre-charge management process described in these embodiment examples can easily be adapted to other contexts.

[0027] Figure 1 is a functional block diagram of a portion of an electric vehicle electrical system comprising a voltage converter according to a non-limiting embodiment. The illustrated system includes a voltage converter 101, a first voltage source 102, and a second voltage source 103.

[0028] The first voltage source 102 provides a lower voltage than the voltage provided by the second voltage source. Therefore, the first voltage source will be referred to as the 'low voltage' source and the second voltage source as the 'high voltage' source in what follows. Typically, the nominal low voltage is 12V and the nominal high voltage is 400V or 800V, but other values ​​may be used.

[0029] In the example in [Fig. 1], the low-voltage source is connected to the input of converter 101. The converter is a DC-to-DC converter (also called a DC-DC converter). It converts the voltage at its input into a higher voltage available at the output. The output of converter 101 is disconnectably connected to the high-voltage source 103. The connection or disconnection function is performed by a battery junction box 104 comprising suitable switches, labeled 'P' and 'N' in [Fig. 1]. These switches are, for example, relays. Sources 102 and 103 are typically on-board batteries.

[0030] In the example of [Fig. 1], the low-voltage source supplies a low-voltage network 105, although this is not necessarily the case in other implementations or contexts. In the context of an electric car, the low-voltage network includes, for example, devices including, but not limited to, one or more vehicle control units (VCUs), the instrument panel, and the braking system. The output of the converter 101 also supplies a high-voltage network 106, including, for example, the inverter or the system of 'PTC' heating (for 'Positive Temperature Coefficient') as previously mentioned.

[0031] The converter typically has several operating modes. In a first mode, called Buck Mode, the converter acts as a generator for the low-voltage network. The converter then converts the high voltage of the battery 103 into a low voltage suitable for the low-voltage network. In a second embodiment, called Boost Mode, the converter discharges the low-voltage battery to supply the high-voltage network in addition to the high-voltage battery. In a third embodiment, called Pre-charge Mode, the converter pre-charges the high-voltage network to approximately the nominal voltage of the battery 103, so that the latter can be connected to the high-voltage network without generating an electric arc. By 'approximately', it is meant that the voltage at the converter output is equal to the setpoint voltage within a tolerance margin.This example only concerns this third mode.

[0032] Figure 2a is a schematic diagram illustrating the evolution of the voltage Vs at the converter output during the main phases of a precharge. Three specific points are labeled P1, P2, and P3, in chronological order. Before P1, switches P and N are open, and the high-voltage battery is not connected to the high-voltage network. At P2, the precharge phase is initiated. Precharge can, for example, be initiated by the vehicle's electrical control unit (UCV) when the driver wants to start the vehicle. The converter is then controlled to increase its output voltage, with P and N still open. Between P2 and P3, the voltage Vs at the converter output increases across the high-voltage network, whose device(s) are not drawing power during the precharge mode.The voltage increases until it reaches the converter's setpoint voltage (denoted as 'Vc' hereafter), which is in this case the nominal high voltage (denoted as Vnom hereafter), and can exceed it as described later. At P3, the output voltage Vs of the converter is deemed to meet the criteria set for connecting the high-voltage source, and switches P and N are then closed. These criteria include at least the tolerance margin mentioned. In one particular example, this margin is 0.5V.

[0033] The nominal voltage is the voltage of the high-voltage battery. It is provided by the UCV from the battery computer, which has its own voltage sensor. This voltage is used to calculate the state of charge of the high-voltage battery.

[0034] Figure 2b is a graph illustrating the evolution of the output voltage Vs and the output current Is of the converter in a real-world case. The nominal voltage Vnom is equal to 430V. The tolerance margin is designated by AV in this figure. It can be seen that the voltage Vs will exceed the nominal voltage Vnom (201), given the Regulator operation. The time interval 202 indicates the time required to reach the maximum of this overshoot. This is followed by a stabilization time 203. From 204 onwards, the voltage Vs is sufficiently stabilized to meet the pre-charge termination criterion. In the example of [Fig. 2b], the overshoot is on the order of 4 volts, the time interval 202 is on the order of 730 ms, and the stabilization time is on the order of 150 ms. It should be noted that the behavior illustrated by [Fig. 2b] can be used during a calibration phase to determine the value of one or more parameters implemented in the process described in this document.

[0035] Figure 3 is an example of a converter according to one or more embodiments. The converter example is given for illustrative purposes, and other converters may be used. Furthermore, the various components are shown as forming part of a single module, but in practice these components may be distributed over several modules, for example, several boards. For example, the power components may be separated from the control components. In the example in the figure, the converter 300 comprises, in a manner known per se, a high-voltage bridge 301 and a low-voltage bridge 302, connected by a transformer 303 providing galvanic isolation between the low-voltage and high-voltage circuits. The bridges include switches, for example in the form of MOSFET transistors, controlled by appropriate signals in a manner known per se. A regulator 304 performs the regulation to achieve the desired setpoint.The regulator 304 is, for example, a PI or PID type regulator, although the teachings in this document are not limited to this type of regulator. The regulator 304 receives the setpoint voltage Vc from a microprocessor or microcontroller 305. The microprocessor or microcontroller 305 knows at least the output voltage Vs of the converter. Optionally, it also knows the voltage Ve (for 'input voltage') of the low-voltage source. The regulator 304 knows the voltage Vs, compares it to the setpoint voltage, and adjusts the control signals of the bridges accordingly. The microprocessor or microcontroller 305 is connected to a memory 306 containing software code. When the microprocessor or microcontroller executes the code, it causes the converter 300 to implement one of the processes described. The converter is configured to vary the setpoint voltage during pre-charging as described later.

[0036] According to a first embodiment, the setpoint voltage is adjusted, by lowering it, before the start of the precharge, by a predicted overshoot value. The predicted overshoot value is that which would have been observed relative to the nominal voltage to be achieved if the setpoint voltage had been taken to be equal to the nominal voltage to be achieved for the entire precharge phase.

[0037] To illustrate the point with a numerical example, if the voltage Vs at the output of the converter to be reached is equal to 430V (i.e. the nominal high voltage of the high voltage source) and an expected overshoot of this voltage is 4V, then the setpoint voltage will be adjusted to 426V to start the pre-charge.

[0038] The determination of expected overvoltage values ​​that can be used at this stage will be detailed later.

[0039] The pre-charge can then begin. A detection of the maximum output voltage Vs of the converter, i.e., the peak overshoot for the adjusted setpoint voltage Vc, is performed. When this maximum is detected, a delay is initiated to allow the regulator to adjust the output voltage. It is at the end of this delay that the setpoint voltage is changed to the target nominal voltage. The delay prevents the output voltage from reaching the overshoot during the change from the setpoint voltage to the target nominal voltage, because it allows time for the regulation loop to begin converging.

[0040] It has been observed that this process makes it possible to reduce the convergence time relative to the nominal voltage.

[0041] Figure 4 is a flowchart of a process 400 according to the first embodiment. In Figure 4, the steps are as follows:

[0042] 401 - A preload request is expected by the microprocessor or converter microcontroller. As long as such a request is not received, the step loops on itself. When such a request is received, it proceeds to step 402.

[0043] 402 - The nominal voltage Vnom to be achieved at the output of the converter during the Pre-charge is achieved. Note that this step is optional if this nominal voltage is already known or even fixed.

[0044] 403 - The setpoint voltage Vc is adjusted by setting it equal to the nominal voltage Vnom reduced by a predicted overrun value, VDifDepassement.

[0045] 404 - The pre-charge has started, the voltage Vs at the output of the converter increases.

[0046] 405 - A detection of an absolute maximum of the output voltage Vs is performed. As long as this true maximum is not detected, the pre-charge continues, with the setpoint voltage Vc adjusted as indicated above.

[0047] 406 - Once the maximum has been reached, a TA timer (also called 'first time delay' in what follows) is triggered.

[0048] 407 - The preload continues with the adjusted setpoint value until this time delay reaches a duration (ThresholdTA) which must have allowed the regulation loop to inflect the output voltage.

[0049] 408 - When the TA time delay threshold duration is reached, the voltage of The setpoint Vc is taken to be equal to the nominal voltage to be achieved.

[0050] 409 - Step 409 tests whether the preload termination criteria are met or not. continuous pre-charge with the new setpoint voltage until the pre-charge end criterion(a) is / are reached.

[0051] 410 - The pre-charge ends - signals to connect the high-voltage source to high voltage networks are generated.

[0052] A second embodiment is proposed. This second embodiment addresses the case where, during pre-charge, the converter output voltage does not exhibit a maximum, or where a maximum is present but not correctly detected. This can occur when the value of this maximum is, for example, less than Vc. A second time delay is therefore provided which, upon expiry, triggers the reset of the setpoint voltage to the unadjusted nominal voltage value, even if the first time delay is never initiated. This provides an additional layer of safety compared to the first embodiment.

[0053] According to a particular example, the second time delay (TB) is triggered when, during pre-charge, the output voltage reaches a threshold voltage 'Vthreshold' located below the adjusted setpoint voltage. The threshold is chosen so that it is, in principle, always crossed during pre-charge. To give a non-limiting numerical example, the threshold can be located at a voltage a few percent below the nominal voltage and below the adjusted setpoint voltage, for example, 10 volts.

[0054] Optionally, the detection of a true maximum is only implemented once the second time delay has been triggered. During part of the pre-charge, this avoids detection errors due to local maxima that could be mistaken for a true maximum of the output voltage.

[0055] Figure 5 is a flowchart of a process 500 according to the second embodiment, which also implements the option of only initiating maximum detection once a certain voltage threshold is reached during pre-charge. Steps 501 to 510 are similar to steps 401 to 410 of Figure 4. Steps 504a to 504c introduce the second timing step.

[0056] In [Fig.5], the steps are as follows:

[0057] 501 - A preload request is received by the microprocessor or The converter's microcontroller. As long as such a request is not received, the step loops. When such a request is received, it proceeds to step 502.

[0058] 502 - The nominal voltage Vnom to be achieved at the output of the converter during the Pre-charge is achieved. Note that this step is optional if this nominal voltage is already known or even fixed.

[0059] 503 - The setpoint voltage Vc is adjusted by setting it equal to the nominal voltage Vnom reduced by a predicted overrun value, VDifDepassement.

[0060] 504 - The pre-charge has started, the voltage Vs at the output of the converter increases.

[0061] 504a - A test is performed to verify whether the output voltage Vs has reached the threshold Threshold value. If this is not the case, then the preload continues and the test is repeated. If the threshold is reached, the next step is initiated.

[0062] 504b - The second time delay, TB, is triggered.

[0063] 504c - It is checked whether the second time delay has reached a ThresholdTB duration. If it is If so, then the process continues in 508. If not, the process continues in 505.

[0064] 505 - An absolute maximum output voltage detection is performed. If If the true maximum is not detected, the process loops back to step 504c. If the true maximum is detected, the process continues in step 506.

[0065] 506 - Once the maximum has been reached, the first TA timeout is triggered.

[0066] 507 - The preload continues with the adjusted setpoint value Vc until this time delay reaches the duration (TA threshold) that must have allowed the regulation loop to inflect the output voltage.

[0067] 508 - When the TA threshold duration of the TA timeout is reached - or when the second TB time delay has reached its duration threshold - the setpoint voltage Vc is taken to be equal to the nominal voltage Vnom to be reached.

[0068] 509 - Step 509 tests whether the preload termination criteria are met or not. continuous pre-charge with the setpoint voltage Vc equal to the nominal voltage Vnom until the end of pre-charge criterion(a) is / are reached.

[0069] 510 - The pre-charge ends - signals to connect the high-voltage source to high voltage networks are generated.

[0070] Figure 6 is a graph illustrating an example of the evolution of the output voltage Vs during the implementation of the second embodiment, the two values ​​of the setpoint voltage (namely the nominal voltage Vnom (referenced 601) and, referenced by 602, the nominal voltage reduced by the expected overshoot value Vnom-VDifOvershoot (607)), the voltage threshold Vthreshold (referenced 603) triggering the second time delay TB, the maximum 604 triggering the first time delay TA, the duration thresholds SthresholdTA (605) and SthresholdTB (606) of the time delays TA and TB, as well as the total pre-charge time 608. In the example of Figure 6, it is the end of the first time delay, TA, that triggers the change in the value of the setpoint voltage.

[0071] The values ​​of the various parameters can be determined during a calibration phase. This calibration phase can be performed on a converter at the factory, and the results can then be used for all converters implemented in a similar hardware context. The values ​​of these parameters can, for example, be stored in memory 306.

[0072] Regarding the expected overshoot value, VDifOvershoot, the calibration phase includes, for example, measuring the overshoot values ​​of the converter output voltage as a function of one or more parameters that can affect this overshoot. During the calibration phase, the setpoint voltage Vc is taken to be equal to the nominal high voltage Vnom for the entire duration of the preload. The parameters may include one or more of the following: the low-voltage source voltage, the high-voltage source voltage, and the temperature. Overshoot measurements are then taken for different values ​​of these parameters. A table containing the measured overshoots and indexed with their corresponding values ​​is created. The choice of an overshoot value during the preload, as described, will be made according to the parameter(s) at the time the preload is initiated.

[0073] According to a particular embodiment, the determination of the duration SeuilTA of the TA timing can be done empirically, by carrying out a plurality of measurements during the calibration phase.

[0074] For example, if the true maximum appears at the earliest 710ms after the start of the precharge and at the latest 740ms at a given value Vnom (for example 430V), then SeuilTA can be taken to be equal to twice the time difference between these two moments, i.e. 740-710 * 2 = 60ms.

[0075] According to one embodiment, the determination of SeuilTB is carried out by adding the maximum time taken by the output voltage Vs to go from the voltage threshold Vseuil to a true maximum (determined using several measurements) and SeuilTA.

[0076] Under certain conditions, the pre-charge phase may be interrupted prematurely. The output voltage Vs will then decrease. Optionally, the TA and TB timers are reset and the setpoint voltage Vc, if applicable, is readjusted to the nominal voltage value less the expected overshoot value if the voltage Vs falls below a low threshold located below Vthreshold. As a numerical example, this threshold may be taken as Vthreshold - 30V.

Claims

Demands

1. A method for precharging, at a nominal voltage (Vnom, 601), the terminals of a network (106) which may include one or more capacitive components, the precharging being carried out using a converter (300) adapted to convert an input voltage (Ve) into an output voltage (Vs) greater than the input voltage, the output voltage being applied to the network, the converter being equipped with a regulator (304) receiving a setpoint voltage (Vc), the method comprising: - the determination (403, 503) of the setpoint voltage (602) by subtracting, from the nominal voltage, a predicted overshoot value (607), the predicted overshoot value representing an overshoot of the output voltage relative to the nominal voltage during a precharging carried out with a setpoint voltage equal to the nominal voltage; - the triggering (404, 504) of the network precharging by applying the setpoint voltage thus determined;- the detection (405, 505) of an absolute maximum of the output voltage; - the implementation (406, 407, 506, 507) of a first non-zero time delay (TA, 605) following the detection of the absolute maximum; - following the time delay, the modification (408, 508) of the setpoint voltage to the nominal voltage (Vnom, 601).

2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the first timing is adapted to allow the regulator to deflect the output voltage after the absolute maximum.

3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, comprising, when (409, 509) the output voltage of the converter meets at least one pre-charge stop criterion, the production of a control signal for connecting to the network a voltage source (103) whose voltage is substantially equal to the nominal voltage.

4. Method according to claim 3, wherein the high voltage source is a battery.

5. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the duration of the first delay is determined during a calibration phase prior to pre-charging, comprising a plurality of measurements of the instant of occurrence of an absolute maximum during a precharge with the nominal voltage as the setpoint voltage, the duration (605) of the first time delay (TA) being taken as equal to the difference between the latest instant and the earliest instant over the plurality of measurements, multiplied by a coefficient greater than i

6. 1. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising - checking (504a) whether the output voltage reaches a voltage threshold (603) located below the determined setpoint voltage and, if so, triggering a second time delay (TB) at the end of which the setpoint voltage is changed (508) to be at the nominal voltage, the duration (606) of the second time delay triggering the continuation of the precharge by applying the nominal voltage as the setpoint voltage even in the event of a failure to detect the absolute maximum.

7. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the expected overshoot value is determined as a function of at least one parameter among the nominal setpoint voltage, the voltage of a voltage source connected to the input of the converter, the temperature.

8. Converter device (300) comprising a regulator, a processor and a memory containing software code, which, when executed by the processor, causes the device to implement the method according to one of the preceding claims.

Images