Emergency power supply method for an electrical installation and associated system

Abstract

A method for providing emergency power to an electrical installation (400) supplied by alternating current from an electrical distribution network (500), characterized in that it comprises the following steps: Determining an ignition time; At the ignition time, the following ignition steps: Connecting an emergency generator to the electrical installation (400) in parallel with the electrical distribution network (300), via an emergency power line (160); and Generating by the emergency generator, on the emergency power line (160), in voltage source mode, a first emergency current having: A first emergency voltage determined from a voltage corresponding to the alternating current; A first emergency phase determined from a phase of the alternating current; A first emergency frequency determined from a frequency of the alternating current. Figure for the abstract: Figure 1

Description

Title of the invention: Emergency power supply method for an electrical installation and associated system technical field

[0001] The present invention relates to backup power supplies for an electrical installation. Previous technique

[0002] Solutions are known which allow switching from an electrical supply provided by an electrical distribution network to a backup supply when the electrical distribution network experiences a failure.

[0003] These solutions have the disadvantage of either being expensive or having a noticeable latency impacting the quality of service. Description of the invention

[0004] The invention aims to remedy this drawback and relates to a method for providing emergency power to an electrical installation supplied by alternating current from an electrical distribution network, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: - Determining a starting instant, then - At the determined initiation time, the following initiation steps are executed: • Generation (S 100) by an emergency generator, on an emergency power line (160), in a voltage source mode, of a first emergency current corresponding to a first emergency voltage determined from a voltage corresponding to the alternating current, the first current having: • A first backup phase determined from a phase of the alternating current, and • A first backup frequency determined from an alternating current frequency. • And (Preferably then), connection of the backup generator to the electrical installation in parallel with the electrical distribution network, via the backup power line, and

[0005] Thus, after the starting steps, the backup generator provides a simple backup current to the electrical installation without any latency as soon as the voltage corresponding to the alternating current supplied by the electrical network falls.

[0006] Determining the parameters (i.e., voltage, phase and / or frequency) of the first current from the parameters (i.e., voltage, phase and / or frequency) of the alternating current makes it possible, at the time of the voltage drop corresponding to the alternating current, to avoid damage to the electrical installation by variations in voltage, phase or frequency.

[0007] For example, the first backup voltage is less than or equal to the voltage corresponding to the alternating current. For example, the first backup phase is equal to the phase of the alternating current. For example, the first backup frequency is equal to the frequency of the alternating current.

[0008] Alternatively, an offset can be provided between the parameters (i.e.: voltage, phase and / or frequency) of the first backup current and the alternating current.

[0009] Of course, a person skilled in the art knows how to measure voltage, phase and / or frequency. This voltage can be received from the first acquisition device and / or the second acquisition device mentioned below.

[0010] The voltage source mode (in English: "grid forming mode") is well known to those skilled in the art. It is a mode in which, regardless of the current drawn by the backup line, the voltage produced by the backup generator remains constant.

[0011] The determination of the start-up time can be implemented from information received via a telecommunications network, for example mobile telephony or the internet.

[0012] The information may include information indicating a level of risk of failure of the electrical distribution network over future time ranges. The initiation time may be at the beginning of, or before the beginning of, a future time range for which the level of risk of failure is greater than a threshold.

[0013] The information may be meteorological information, for example a weather alert warning of a phenomenon that may cause a failure of the electrical network distribution system.

[0014] According to one variant, the information may be an alert signal informing of an immediate risk of failure of the electrical distribution network.

[0015] According to another variant, the start-up time can be received directly from a human-machine interface.

[0016] When the backup generator includes a backup battery, the start-up time may be preceded by a backup battery charging command step so that the backup battery is charged before the start-up time.

[0017] According to one embodiment, the method comprises the following disconnection steps, in particular performed after the priming steps: - Receiving initial information indicating a drop in voltage corresponding to the alternating current (for example, this information may to indicate that a voltage corresponding to alternating current is below a threshold, for example strictly below 200 volts, but this information can take other forms: it can be, for example, an alert message from the electrical distribution network), - Upon receiving the first notification, disconnect the electrical installation and the backup generator from the electrical distribution network.

[0018] Disconnecting the electrical installation and the backup generator from the electrical distribution network prevents the risk of overvoltages on the electrical distribution network or damage to the electrical distribution network resulting from the generation of the first backup current by the backup generator when the voltage of the electrical distribution network drops.

[0019] According to one embodiment, the process comprises the following reconnection steps, in particular executed after the disconnection steps: - Receipt of a second piece of information indicating a return of the voltage corresponding to the alternating current to a normal level (for example, this information may indicate that a voltage corresponding to the alternating current is above a threshold, the threshold being, for example, strictly greater than 210 volts, but this information may take other forms: it may, for example, be an information message from the electrical distribution network), then - Upon receipt of the second piece of information: • Generation by the backup generator, on the backup power line, in a voltage source mode, of a second backup current corresponding to a second backup voltage determined from a voltage corresponding to the alternating current, the second current having: • A second backup phase determined from one phase of the alternating current, and • A second backup frequency determined from an alternating current frequency. • Then, reconnect the electrical installation and the backup generator to the electrical distribution network.

[0020] The parameters (i.e., voltage, phase and / or frequency) of the second current can be determined in the same way as the parameters of the first backup current.

[0021] Determining the parameters (i.e., voltage, phase, and / or frequency) of the second current from the parameters (i.e., voltage, phase, and / or frequency) of the alternating current makes it possible, at the time of reconnection, to avoid damage to the electrical installation by variations in voltage, phase or frequency at the time of reconnection.

[0022] Alternatively, of course the reconnection can take place without the second current being adjusted from the alternating current supplied by the electrical distribution network.

[0023] According to one embodiment, the generation step includes a generation of the first backup current (or the second backup current) from a direct current (for example, from a battery).

[0024] The invention also relates to an emergency power supply system for an electrical installation powered by alternating current supplied by an electrical distribution network, characterized in that it comprises: - A backup generator, - A first switch, - An electronic device (in other words: a microprocessor) designed to implement the following steps: • Determining the ignition timing, • At the determined initiation time, execute the following initiation steps: • Commanding an emergency generator to generate, on an emergency power line, in a voltage source mode, a first emergency current corresponding to a first emergency voltage determined from a voltage corresponding to the alternating current, the first current having: • A first backup phase determined from a phase of the alternating current, and • A first backup frequency determined from an alternating current frequency. • And (Preferably then), command of the first switch to connect the backup generator to the electrical installation in parallel with the electrical distribution network, via the backup power line.

[0025] According to one embodiment, the system further comprises: - A first acquisition element configured to obtain and transmit initial information, indicating a drop in the voltage corresponding to the alternating current (for example, this information may indicate that a voltage corresponding to the alternating current is below a threshold, the threshold being for example strictly less than 210 volts, but this information can take other forms: it can be for example an alert message from the electrical distribution network), to the electronic device, - A second switch, the electronic device being configured to, upon receipt of the first information, command the second switch so that the second switch disconnects the electrical installation and the backup generator from the electrical distribution network.

[0026] According to one embodiment, the system further comprises: - A second acquisition element (for example, identical to the first element) configured to obtain and transmit a second piece of information, indicating a return of the voltage corresponding to the alternating current to a normal level (for example, this information may indicate that a voltage corresponding to the alternating current is greater than a threshold, the threshold being, for example, strictly greater than 210 volts, but this information may take other forms: it may, for example, be an information message from the electrical distribution network), to the electronic device, - A third switch, the electronic device being configured to implement the following steps, upon receipt of the second piece of information: • Control of a generation by the backup generator, on the backup power line, in a voltage source mode, of a second backup current corresponding to a second backup voltage determined from a voltage corresponding to the alternating current, the second current having: • A second backup phase determined from one phase of the alternating current, and • A second backup frequency determined from an alternating current frequency. • Then, a command to reconnect the electrical installation and the backup generator to the electrical distribution network, via the third switch.

[0027] Of course, a person skilled in the art is familiar with such a first acquisition organ, such a second acquisition organ, such a first switch, such a second switch and / or such a third switch.

[0028] The first acquisition organ and the second acquisition organ may be identical or different.

[0029] The second switch and the third switch may be identical or different.

[0030] According to one embodiment, the backup generator comprises: - A backup battery designed to deliver a direct current, - A first oscillator shaped to generate the first backup current from the direct current.

[0031] Alternatively, the generator includes a combustion engine that can be directly controlled in voltage source mode.

[0032] According to one embodiment, the system comprises a motor vehicle, the motor vehicle comprising the first oscillator and the backup battery, the backup battery being capable of powering a propulsion motor of the motor vehicle.

[0033] According to one embodiment, the motor vehicle comprises - A second oscillator, different from the first oscillator, configured to generate a current (of greater power, voltage and / or intensity than that of alternating current) for the propulsion motor of the motor vehicle from direct current, - A fourth switch configured for: • Direct the direct current to the second oscillator (and therefore to the propulsion motor) when the motor vehicle is moving, or • Direct the direct current towards the first oscillator during the generation of the first current.

[0034] Although not all of them are included here, the advantages and characteristics of the system are identical (mutatis mutandis) to those of the above process and vice versa. Brief description of the drawings

[0035] The invention will be better understood upon reading the detailed description that follows, the non-limiting examples of its implementation, and upon examination of the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0036] [Fig.1] represents the constituents of a system according to one embodiment of the invention.

[0037] [Fig.2] represents a method, according to an embodiment of the invention, implemented by the system of [Fig.1]. Detailed description

[0038] Figure 1 represents: - A 400V electrical installation (which contains electrical consumers, such as an oven, a water heater, a radiator, etc.), - A 500 electrical network, - A 200 microprocessor (which may include a computer program for the steps below where the 200 microprocessor is involved), - A 300 switch, - A 310 sensor, - A 600-volt power line, - A 610 switch, - A 500 charging station, - A motor vehicle comprising: • A 110 battery, • A 120 oscillator, • A 130 propulsion engine, • A 140 oscillator, • A 150 switch • A 160V emergency power line, • A 170 connector to a charging station, • A 180 microprocessor.

[0039] In order not to make it too heavy, [Fig. 1] does not represent the battery 110 charging circuit by the charging terminal 500, present in the vehicle 100.

[0040] With reference to [Fig. 2], at step S00, on December 31, 2024, at 11:00 PM, the microprocessor 200 receives, via a mobile phone network (not shown), information indicating a risk of a weather event requiring a "red" alert in the area where the electrical installation 400 is located, on January 1, 2025, from 8:00 AM to 12:00 PM. During this step, the microprocessor 200 also determines that a priming step must be started on January 1, 2025, at 7:55 AM.

[0041] At step S10, the microprocessor 200 then commands the charging station 500 to charge the battery 110 all night.

[0042] At step S20, the microprocessor 200 receives from sensor 310 the voltage associated with the alternating current supplied by the electrical network 500, as well as the phase and frequency of the alternating current supplied by the electrical network 500, while the electrical network supplies the installation 400.

[0043] On January 1, 2025 at 7:55 a.m., at step S30, microprocessor 200 sends a boot command to microprocessor 180, the boot command containing the voltage, phase and frequency of the alternating current supplied by the electrical network 500.

[0044] At step S40, upon receipt of the boot command, the microprocessor 180 commands: - The oscillator 140 so that it generates a first emergency current, from the direct current received from the battery 110, on the emergency power line 160, in a voltage source mode, the first current corresponding to a first emergency voltage determined from a voltage corresponding to the alternating current, the first current having: • A first backup phase equal to the phase of the alternating current, • A first backup frequency equal to the frequency of the alternating current. - And, the switch 150 to direct the direct current produced by the battery 110 to the oscillator 140 (the switch 150 is shown in this state, in [Fig.1]),

[0045] At step S50, the microprocessor 120 sends a connection command to the switch 610 so that the switch 610 electrically connects the vehicle 100 via the charging station 500, the connector 170, the power line 600, and the backup power line 160, to the electrical installation 400 in parallel with the electrical network 500.

[0046] In voltage source mode, regardless of the voltage corresponding to the current drawn by the backup power line 160 and / or by the power line 600, the voltage produced by the oscillator 140 remains constant.

[0047] The fact that the parameters (i.e.: voltage, phase and / or frequency) of the first current are equal to the parameters (i.e.: voltage, phase and / or frequency) of the alternating current supplied by the electrical network 500 makes it possible, at the time of a drop in the voltage corresponding to the alternating current supplied by the electrical network 500, to avoid damage to the electrical installation 400 by variations in voltage, phase or frequency.

[0048] The battery 110 and the oscillator 140 then provide, without any latency, a first backup current to the electrical installation 400, in the event of a drop in the voltage of the electrical network 500.

[0049] It should be noted that when the motor vehicle is in motion, the microprocessor 180 controls: - Switch 150 to direct the direct current produced by battery 110 to oscillator 120, - The oscillator 120 so that it generates, from the direct current received from the battery 110, for the propulsion motor 130, a current with a voltage equal to 400 volts for example.

[0050] At step S60, the microprocessor 200 receives information from sensor 310 indicating that the voltage corresponding to the alternating current supplied by the electrical network 500 has become zero.

[0051] At step S70, upon receiving this information, the microprocessor 200 commands the switch 300 to disconnect the electrical installation 400 and the vehicle 100 from the electrical network 500. The switch 300 is shown in this state in [Fig. 1]. Prior to step S70, the switch 300 connected the electrical network 500 to the electrical installation 400, in parallel with the vehicle 100.

[0052] At step S80, for example 1 hour after step S60, the microprocessor 200 receives from sensor 310 information indicating that the voltage corresponding to the alternating current supplied by the electrical network 500 has returned to 220 volts.

[0053] At step S90 upon receipt of this information, the microprocessor 200 sends an adjustment command to the microprocessor 180 containing the voltage associated with the alternating current supplied by the electrical network 500, as well as the phase and frequency of the alternating current supplied by the electrical network 500 received from the sensor 310.

[0054] At step S100, upon receiving the adjustment command, the microprocessor 180 commands the oscillator 140 to generate a second backup current from the direct current received from the battery 110, on the backup power line 160, in a voltage source mode, the second backup current corresponding to a second backup voltage determined from a voltage corresponding to the alternating current, the second current having: • A second backup phase equal to the alternating current phase, • A second backup frequency equal to the current frequency alternative.

[0055] At step SI 10, the microprocessor 200 commands the switch 300 to reconnect the electrical installation 400 to the electrical network 500 in parallel with the vehicle 100.

[0056] Of course, in the description e (for example, an oscillator or a switch) receives a command to perform an action, it is implicit that the action is actually carried out by the electronic component.

Claims

Demands

1. A method for providing emergency power to an electrical installation (400) supplied by an alternating current provided by an electrical distribution network (500), characterized in that it comprises the following steps: - Determination (S00) of an ignition instant, - At the determined ignition instant, execution of the following ignition steps: • Generation (S100) by an emergency generator, on an emergency power line (160), in a voltage source mode, of a first emergency current corresponding to a first emergency voltage determined from a voltage corresponding to the alternating current, the first current having: • A first emergency phase determined from a phase of the alternating current, • A first emergency frequency determined from a frequency of the alternating current.• Then, connection (S30) of the backup generator to the electrical installation (400) in parallel with the electrical distribution network (300), via the backup power line (160).

2. A method according to the preceding claim comprising the following disconnection steps, in particular executed after the initiation steps: - Receipt (S60) of a first information indicating a drop in voltage corresponding to the alternating current, - On receipt of the first information (S60), disconnection (S70) of the electrical installation (400) and of the backup generator from the electrical distribution network (500).

3. Method according to the preceding claim comprising, in particular, the following reconnection steps, in particular executed after the disconnection steps: - Reception (S80) of a second information indicating a return of the voltage corresponding to the alternating current to a normal level, then - Upon receipt of the second information: • Generation (S100) by the backup generator, on the backup power line (160), in a voltage source mode, of a second backup current corresponding to a second backup voltage determined from a voltage corresponding to the alternating current, the second current having: • A second backup phase determined from a phase of the alternating current, • A second backup frequency determined from a frequency of the alternating current.• Then, reconnection (SI 10) of the electrical installation (400) and of the backup generator to the electrical distribution network (500).

4. A method according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the generation step (S 100) comprises a generation of the first backup current from the direct current.

5. Emergency power supply system for an electrical installation (400) powered by alternating current supplied by an electrical distribution network (500), characterized in that it comprises:

6. - A backup generator, - A first switch (610), - An electronic device (200) configured to implement the following steps: • Determination of a starting time, • At the starting time, the following starting steps: • Control of an emergency generator to generate, on an emergency power line (160), in a voltage source mode, a first emergency current corresponding to a first emergency voltage determined from a voltage corresponding to the alternating current, the first current having: • A first backup phase determined from a phase of the alternating current, • A first backup frequency determined from an alternating current frequency. • Then, command of the first switch (610) to connect the backup generator to the electrical installation (400) in parallel with the electrical distribution network (300), via the backup power line (160). System according to the preceding claim further comprising: - A first acquisition element (310) configured to obtain and transmit to the electronic device (200) initial information indicating a voltage drop corresponding to the alternating current, - A second switch (300), the electronic device (200) being configured to, upon receiving the first information, command the second switch (300) so that the second switch (300) disconnects the electrical installation (400) and the backup generator from the electrical distribution network (500).

7. A system according to the preceding claim, further comprising: A second acquisition element (310) configured to obtain and transmit a second signal indicating a return of the voltage corresponding to the alternating current to a normal level, to the electronic device (200). A third switch (300), the electronic device (200) being configured to implement the following steps, upon receipt of the second signal: • Command of a generation by the backup generator, on the backup power line (160), in a voltage source mode, of a second backup current corresponding to a second backup voltage determined at starting from a voltage corresponding to the alternating current, the second current having: • A second backup phase determined from one phase of the alternating current, • A second backup frequency determined from an alternating current frequency. Then, a command to reconnect the electrical installation (400) and the backup generator to the electrical distribution network (500) is issued by the third switch.

8. System according to any one of claims 5 to 7 wherein the backup generator comprises: - A backup battery configured to deliver a direct current, - A first oscillator configured to generate the first backup current on the basis of the direct current.

9. System according to the preceding claim comprising a motor vehicle, the motor vehicle comprising the first oscillator and the backup battery, the backup battery being capable of powering a propulsion motor of the motor vehicle.

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