Particle detection device

Abstract

The invention relates to particle detection device which increase the length of pipelines and reduce the response to dust particles of aspirating smoke detectors, sensitivity problem, distinguishing smoke and dust particles and risk of false alarm in case the large particles in the air are not filtered, give the same responses to different materials and which comprises the parts of environment air sampling entry (1) main air sampling path (2), main air sampling path flow meter (3), aspirator main air sampling vacuum port (4), air subsampling port (5), dust trap (6), dust filter (7), air subsampling path (8), air subsampling path flow meter (9), optical measurement room entry (10), optical measurement room (11), optical measurement room exit (12), aspirator air subsampling vacuum path (13), aspirator air subsampling vacuum port (14), aspirator (15), aspirator exhaust (16), environment air sampling pipes (17), environment air sampling pipe holes (18), optical measurement cell (19), light source optical mechanism (20), light sources (21), light source with short wavelength (22), light source with long wavelength (23), light source mounting case (24), light source mounting case baffles (25), lens (26), light receiver optical mechanism (27), light receiver mounting case (28), light receiver mounting case outer circular baffle (29), light receiver mounting case inner circular baffle (30), light receiver mounting case rectangular inner surface (31), photodiode which measures light scattering (32), photodiodes which measure light attenuation (33), light trap mechanism (34), light trap for photodiode which measures light scattering (35), first baffle (36), second baffle (37), light trap region (38), light trap corners (39), light beam dump hole (40), light beam dump region (41), light beam dump corners (42), and measurement area (43).

Description

[0001] PARTICLE DETECTION DEVICE

[0002] Technical Field

[0003] This invention is a particle detection device. In one specific design, the present invention can be used as smoke detectors which detects smoke when the fire situations occur. In another design, the present invention relates to aspirating smoke detectors which monitors particles at environments such as ventilation systems, offices, museum, server rooms, etc. In still another design, the pressent invention relates environmental particle monitoring device that is capable of measuring air quality, dust concentration, air pollution or specific particle type tracing at industrial, commerical and domestic areas or environments and this device is also used for the detection and monitoring of suspended particles (dust, smoke etc.) and mathematical modelling and classification of the characteristics formed by particle types in sensor data.

[0004] Background of the Invention

[0005] The measurement of particles is widely used in industrial, commercial or domestic areas or environments for different purposes, for example, particle counting, particle size analysis, ambient particle concentration level measurement, environmental pollution measurement and smoke detection. The working principles of the devices developed for the measurement of particles are based on the scattering of light from the particle and the attenuation of the light. These methods are old known methods for measuring particle concentration. The light scattering principle is the most widely used technique, which allows simple and fast data collection and allows measurements from particle diameters as low as 100 nm to millimetric sizes. In this technique, good results are not obtained due to lower level of light scattering in the particles which have high light absorption characteristic. The single wavelengthdependent aerosol concentration information obtained with this technique does not provide the characteristic features of the particle type. For example, smoke detectors based on the single wavelength light scattering principle can also generate an alarm condition in cases of non-fire aerosols such as dust, water vapor, etc. In the present art, document numbered US 7,440,100 B2 deals with the evaluation of scattered light from small particles in the carrier medium. The mechanical casing, where the sensor data which is required for this evaluation is obtained, includes the input and output lines, the light source and the light sensor. In order to adapt to the ambient particle density change, the patent performs the drift compensation by averaging the long-term data of the signals obtained by the optical measurement cell in normal operation. In addition, with the temperature sensor placed in the flow line, temperature compensation has been developed since the light power of the light source changes as the temperature changes. It receives the signals with an integration amplifier and detects alarm conditions with a slope-based filter algorithm.

[0006] In the article publication titled Light Scattering Characteristics and Size Distribution of Smoke and Nuisance Aerosols (D.W. Weinert et al. 2003), differential mass scattering cross-sections are explained for non-flaming, flaming smoke of burning fires and dust situations. These measurements were performed in two different linear polarizations at angles from 5° to 135° by using light source with a wavelength of 632.8 nanometers. The smoke aerosols created by a flaming fire (soot) is distinguishable from that of a non-flaming fire or dusts. The classification method used the dependence on 45° forward scattering and 135° backward scattering ratio, the polarization ratio calculated around 90°, and the scattering parameter. The ratios of the forward scattering cross section oDD(45°) and the backward scattering cross section oDD(135°) were between 4.0 and 5.6 for flaming smoke, and between 11.3 and 17.8 for non-flaming fire smoke and dusts.

[0007] In the patent numbered US 7,724,367 B2, an optical measurement cell was designed with two different light sources. Tests at different wavelengths were carried out with this cell. The wavelengths of light sources are in the range of 430, 470, 530, 660, 940 nanometers. This study predicted that the light scattering to be created by different wavelengths at different particle diameters in the Mie theory can create different scattering, thus distinguishing smoke particles with small diameters from dust with large diameters. In the document numbered US 7,062,953 B2, it detects the smoke particles with the smoke detector connected in series to the air line drawn from the ambient with the help of an aspirator. Smoke detection and calibration processes are carried out with LED, photodiode and laser diode in the detector connected in series to the pipeline. Smoke particles passing through the air inlet line are exposed to the light produced by the laser diode, the light scattered from the smoke particles creates a signal on the photodiode. Smoke density is calculated according to the number of photodiode pulses in time. The LED in the detector section is used for sensitivity testing of the smoke detector.

[0008] In the document numbered US 7,440,100 B2, US 7,062,953 B2, filter algorithms are applied to distinguish different types of particles according to Mie scattering (Qiang Fu et al.) when a single wavelength light source and single detector angle are used, while their response to instantaneous dust concentration is normal, statically rising dust concentration information creates an alarm. The complex number of the particle refractive index, which is the imaginary component in Mie theory, is the absorption coefficient of the material, which is defined as the reduction of optical radiation transmission due to the absorption and scattering of light. Particles with high absorption properties do not give good results because they do not scatter enough usable light. Thus, it causes a loss of sensitivity for high sensitivity aspirating smoke detectors, which is an embodiment of the present invention.

[0009] Currently, due to the limited distance of the air sampling pipeline, in case of excessive pressure loss when the sampled air to the optical measurement cell is taken from the exhaust port of the aspirator, lower vacuum pressure is delivered to the pipeline because of the pressure loss which is as much as the pressure formed at the exhaust port of the aspirator, is at the suction port of the aspirator, and this causes the pipeline distance to be shortened.

[0010] The environment air sampling pipes distance is limited in the devices used. Adherence of the particles in the sampled air to the walls as well as the stray light level increase. There is a risk of false alarm due to large particles in the sampled air. In the event that large particles other than target particles are not filtered in the optical measurement cell, particles accumulate on the walls of the optical measurement cell, increase the stray light of the optical measurement cell, and also these large particles can create a false alarm condition.

[0011] High sensitivity aspirating smoke detectors also responses to dust particles, thus creating a false alarm.

[0012] According to Mie Theory, there are three factors that determine the interaction between particle and light in different responses to different materials (dependence on particle color). These are the wavelength of the light, the particle diameter and the refractive index of the particle. The complex number component of the particle's refractive index is related to the absorption of light. Since measurement systems based on the light scattering principle will scatter less light depending on the refractive index, there is a loss of sensitivity.

[0013] The light absorption ability of black smoke is high due to its refractive index and it creates less light scattering. In devices based on the light scattering principle, the sensitivity to black smoke decreases, this is shown in the European Standard of the aspirating smoke detector by giving the black smoke type alarm level higher than the white smoke.

[0014] In case of high amount of stray light in optical measurement cell in sensitivity problem (increasing resolution), small light scatterings resulting from low particle concentrations are swamped. Therefore, smoke concentration measurement resolution value of 0.00005% obs / m and lower changes cannot be measured.

[0015] The invention expands the pipeline distance, reduces optical cell contamination rate and false alarm risk, separates smoke and dust particles, and gives similar responses to different materials.

[0016] The length of the environment air sampling pipes has been extended by the design of the main air sampling path and the air subsampling path, which are designed to provide low pressure loss over the aspirator suction port, instead of the aspirator exhaust port at the pipeline length. Environment air sampling pipes cross-sectional area without constriction along the main air sampling path and as a result, pressure loss is minimized. The aspirator suction is connected to the main air sampling path and the air subsampling path separately. Thus, a portion of the total air coming from ambient air sampling is transmitted to the air subsampling path proportionally between 5% and 10%, and more vacuum pressure is provided to the environment air sampling pipes.

[0017] In order to prevent optical measurement cell contamination rate and false alarm risk; the main air sampling path is directly connected to the main air suction of the aspirator, so that large diameter particles such as dust, etc. in the incoming air are directed directly to the exhaust of the aspirator. In addition, as the sample air coming from the air subsampling port passes from the dust trap region to the dust filter section, a centrifugal force is created by means of a rotational movement, and this force pushes the large particles into the dust trap. Particles that overcome centrifugal force and gravity are filtered by dust filter.

[0018] In separating smoke and dust particles (false alarm) (dependence on particle diameter) according to Mie theory, the interactions between light and particles vary according to the wavelength of the light. The light scattering responses of long and short wavelengths of light on particles of different diameters will be different. In addition, the amount of attenuation of light of different wavelengths will be different. Light scattering response and attenuation content and particle diameter information were obtained, and the dependence of the response against dust particles on large diameter particles is reduced.

[0019] In giving different responses to different materials (dependence on particle color), light attenuation values are also entered into the mathematical model in addition to the light scattering values in the smoke density calculation. Thus, the absorption effect of black smoke is compensated, and the response to smoke density as well as the dependence on the refractive index are reduced.

[0020] For the sensitivity problem (to increase the resolution), the ratio of the light source power to the stray light has been increased to one billion and above with optomechanical designs (light source optical mechanism, light receiver optical mechanism and light trap mechanism) in the optical measurement cell. Here, differently, the ratio was calculated over the light power transmitted by the light source to the measurement area instead of the total light power.

[0021] The structural and characteristic features of the invention and all its advantages will be understood more clearly thanks to the figure given below and the detailed explanation which was written, and therefore this evaluation should be made by taking into account this figure and detailed explanation.

[0022] Figures for the Explanation of the Invention

[0023] Figure 1 : Top view of the general airflow path of the particle detection device

[0024] Figure 2: Top view of the fluids section of the particle detection device

[0025] Figure 3: Top view of the optical part of the particle detection device

[0026] Figure 4: Side section view of the optical part of the particle detection device

[0027] Figure 5a: Stray light effect change graph according to the proportional change and smoke concentration

[0028] Figure 5b: Residual light effect change graph according to the proportional change and smoke concentration

[0029] References for the Explanation of the Invention

[0030] 1. Environment Air Sampling Entry

[0031] 2. Main Air Sampling Path

[0032] 3. Main Air Sampling Path Flow Meter

[0033] 4. Aspirator Main Air Sampling Vacuum Port

[0034] 5. Air Subsampling Port

[0035] 6. Dust Trap

[0036] 7. Dust Filter

[0037] 8. Air Subsampling Path

[0038] 9. Air Subsampling Path Flow Meter

[0039] 10. Optical Measurement Room Entry

[0040] 11. Optical Measurement Room 12. Optical Measurement Room Exit

[0041] 13. Aspirator Air Subsampling Vacuum Path

[0042] 14. Aspirator Air Subsampling Vacuum Port

[0043] 15. Aspirator

[0044] 16. Aspirator exhaust

[0045] 17. Environment Air Sampling Pipes

[0046] 18. Environment Air Sampling Pipe Holes

[0047] 19. Optical Measurement Cell

[0048] 20. Light Source Optical Mechanism

[0049] 21. Light sources

[0050] 22. Light Source with Short Wavelength

[0051] 23. Light Source with Long Wavelength

[0052] 24. Light Source Mounting Case

[0053] 25. Light Source Mounting Case Baffles

[0054] 26. Lens

[0055] 27. Light Receiver Optical Mechanism

[0056] 28. Light Receiver Mounting Case

[0057] 29. Light Receiver Mounting Case Outer Circular Baffle

[0058] 30. Light Receiver Mounting Case Inner Circular Baffle

[0059] 31. Light Receiver Mounting Case Rectangular Inner Surface

[0060] 32. Photodiode which measures light scattering

[0061] 33. Photodiodes which measure light attenuation

[0062] 34. Light trap mechanism

[0063] 35. Light Trap for Photodiode Which Measures Light Scattering

[0064] 36. First Baffle

[0065] 37. Second Baffle

[0066] 38. Light trap region

[0067] 39. Light trap comers

[0068] 40. Light Beam Dump Hole

[0069] 41. Light Beam Dump Region

[0070] 42. Light Beam Dump Comers

[0071] 43. Measurement area Detailed Explanation of the Invention

[0072] The mechanical design of this invention offers low pressure loss and the ability to separate large particles. The device comprises main air sampling path (2), air subsampling path (8), air subsampling port (5), main air sampling path flow meter (3), air subsampling path flow meter (9), dust trap (6), dust filter (7), optical measurement cell (19) and aspirator (15).

[0073] The environment air sampling entry (1 ) included in the invention is the connection point of the pipes that take sample air from the ambient to the device. It allows connecting two types of pipes with an outer diameter of 25 mm and 27 mm.

[0074] The main air sampling path (2) transmits the vacuum pressure to the environment air sampling entry (1 ) with minimal loss, and pressure loss is minimized with different geometries created without narrowing cross-sectional area of environment air sampling entry (1 ) along the main air sampling path (2) to the aspirator main air sampling vacuum port (4).

[0075] The air subsampling path (8) uses the aspirator air subsampling path (13) to provide the required amount (5-10%), and provides the required sampling amount (5-10%) via the main air sampling path (2) by a geometrically optimized way.

[0076] In this invention, light source optical mechanism (20) blocks the stray light (20). To prevent off-axis lights, to reduce the amount of stray light in the optical measurement room (11) and to create the focused light in the particle measurement area, the light source mounting case baffles (25) and the convex type lens (26) are provided.

[0077] Air is sampled from the ambient by means of the environment air sampling pipe holes (18) on the environment air sampling pipes (17) placed in the ambient to be detected. The flow rate (liter / m inute) of the sampled air is measured by the main air sampling path flow meter (3).

[0078] Some of the air sampled from the environment through the environment air sampling pipe holes (18) on environment air sampling pipes (17) placed in the environment where the detection will be made, is transmitted to the optical measurement room (11 ) via air subsampling port (5) and the air subsampling path (8). The flow rate of the delivered sample air is measured by the air subsampling path flow meter (9).

[0079] The air coming from the air subsampling path (8) is transmitted to the optical measurement room (11 ) via the optical measurement room entry (10).

[0080] Pipelines installed in the fields may vary according to the field. Therefore, the aspirator (15) works at different flow rates. In all operating conditions, the necessary amount of vacuum is provided through the air subsampling path (8) by means of the aspirator air subsampling vacuum port (14).

[0081] The photodiode which measures light scattering (32) used to detect the light scattered from the particles suspended in the sample air coming via the air subsampling path (8) is placed in the light receiver mounting case (28).

[0082] Before the scattering-based rays formed on the surfaces of the optical measurement room (11 ) reach the photodiode (32), the collision amount is increased on the light receiver mounting case rectangular inner surface (31), thus reducing the stray light value.

[0083] In the optical measurement room (11 ), the vacuum required for the required amount of flow is connected to the aspirator air subsampling vacuum port (14) of the aspirator air subsampling vacuum path (13).

[0084] By making the optical measurement room exit (12) of larger than the cross section of the inlet (10), the sample air flow in the optical measurement room (11 ) is ensured to be laminar, thus reducing the contamination rate of the optical measurement room (11 ).

[0085] In order to keep the pressure loss between the suction pressure of the aspirator (15) and the environment air sampling entry (1 ) at a minimum level, geometric shapes have been optimized with fluid mechanics simulations and empirical method, and the distances of environment air sampling pipes (17) that can be placed in the ambient are extended.

[0086] Large particles such as dust, etc., in the air coming from the main air sampling path (2) are directed directly to the aspirator main air sampling vacuum port (4) in the direction of the main air sampling path (2) and by means of gravity, and from here, it is directly given back to the ambient by the aspirator exhaust (16). Thus, the soiling effect in the optical measurement cell (19) is reduced and the risk of false alarm is reduced. However, there is a rotational movement as the sample air coming from the air subsampling port (5) passes from the dust trap (6) section to the dust filter (7) section. As shown in Figure 1 , this rotational movement creates centrifugal force and pushes large particles into the dust trap (6).

[0087] The environment air sampling pipes (17) distance is extended with the main air sampling path (2) and the air subsampling path (8), which are designed to provide low pressure loss through the aspirator main air sampling vacuum port (4) and aspirator air subsampling vacuum port (14) instead of aspirator exhaust (16).

[0088] The environment air sampling pipes (17) is not narrowed along the main air sampling path (2) of the aspirator (15) and as a result, the pressure loss is minimized.

[0089] Environment air sampling pipes (17) placed in the ambient to be detected are connected to the environment air sampling entry (1). The geometry of the main air sampling path (2) is arranged as shown in figure 2 so that the cross-sectional area of the pipes placed in the ambient is preserved along the main air sampling path (2).

[0090] The suction of the aspirator (15) is connected to the main air sampling path (2) and the air subsampling path (8) separately. Thus, a portion of the total air coming from the ambient air sampling is transmitted proportionally between 5% and 10% to the air subsampling path (8) and more vacuum pressure is provided in the environment air sampling pipes (17).

[0091] Particles that overcome centrifugal force and gravity reach the dust filter (7). These large particles reaching the dust filter (7) are filtered from coarse to fine with a polyurethane sponge containing one or more layers, thus, the large particles going into the optical measurement cell (19) are reduced, the contamination rate is reduced and the risk of false alarms is reduced. A flow profile was created by using a long air subsampling path (8) after the filter (7). With the profile, the contamination rate of the optical measurement cell (19) is reduced and the mixture of the particles is ensured before entering the optical measurement room (11 ).

[0092] As given in Figure 5, the fact that the amount of stray light in the optical measurement room (11 ) is 7 times higher for the light source with long wavelength (23), and 9 times for the light source with short wavelength (22), for the low concentration particles which are desired to be detected was calculated over the slope values obtained through the regression of the data.

[0093] With this invention, the light source optical mechanism (20), the light receiver optical mechanism (27) and the light trap mechanism (34) have been optimized by optical simulations and empirical methods, and the ratio of the light power of the light sources to the stray light value has been provided to be minimum one billion and above.

[0094] Figure 3 shows the distribution of the light from the light sources (21 ) in the optical measurement room (11). The light sources (21 ) are mounted in the light source mounting case (24). Optical measurement room (11) and light source mounting case baffles (25), which are used to reduce the amount of stray light, are used to block residual light, to prevent off-axis lights.

[0095] The light source mounting case (24) comprises a convex type lens (26). The position of the lens (26) has been designed by optical simulation and empirical method so as to create a minimum light diameter in the measurement area (43) of the rays emanating from the light source (21 ). Thus, the detection of very small particles and sensitivity are increased by obtaining higher light power per area. The light receiver optical mechanism (27) prevents the stray light scattered in the optical measurement cell (19) from falling on the photodiode which measures light scattering (32) with the light receiver mounting case outer circular baffle (29) and the light receiver mounting case inner circular baffle (30).

[0096] The optical measurement cell (19) includes a photodiode which measures light scattering (32) and two photodiodes which measure light attenuation (33). Although the function of each photodiode is different from each other, the photodiode which measures light scattering (32) that detects the side scattering according to the direction of the rays.

[0097] In order to eliminate the dependence on particle color, photodiodes which measure light attenuation (33) measuring the ray attenuation for two different wavelengths are integrated to photodiode which measures light scattering (32) that detects scattering at long and short wavelengths, and there are two different usages of photodiodes which measure light attenuation (33).

[0098] Their initial use is to calibrate to a light source with short wavelength (22) and a light source with long wavelength (23), to monitor and record the light power in the case of white smoke or fresh air. Another use is to measure the attenuation of the ray in different colored smoke types. Thus, the dependence on particle color in smoke measurement accuracy is minimized. However, a light source with short wavelength (22) and a light source with long wavelength (23) were used to eliminate the dependence on particle diameter.

[0099] According to the Mie Theory referenced in this technique, the interactions between light and particles vary according to the wavelength of the light. Therefore, the light scattering responses of the particles of different diameters to the light source with short wavelength (22) and the light source with long wavelength (23) will be different, and in addition, the amount of attenuation of the light at different wavelengths will be different. Light scattering response and attenuation information as well as particle diameter information were obtained, and the dependence of the against dust particles or large diameter particles is reduced. The light trap mechanism (34) reduces the amount of stray light by the absorption of the light emanating from the light sources (21 ) on the surfaces.

[0100] The light trap for photodiode which measures light scattering (35) is a conical structure on the surface located at the opposite of the photodiode which measures light scattering (32). With this conical structure, when the light scattered in the optical measurement cell (19) reaches this surface, the light power is reduced by directing the ray in a different direction.

[0101] In order to prevent the rays coming out of the light sources (21) from reflecting back from the light trap region (38) and returning to the optical measurement room (11 ), a first baffle (36) is available with a larger diameter than the light. After the first baffle (36) there is a second baffle (37) larger than the first baffle (36). Rays passing through the second baffle (37) are attenuated by increasing the number of times the light hits the surface at the light trap comers (39). Optimization of the number of hitting relates to the angles of the light trap comers (39). It is absorbed by the absorption coefficient of the relevant surface of each scattering. In order to reduce the scattering caused by the bidirectional scattering distribution function, which is an important interaction between the interactions of light with the surface, the light beam dump hole (40) providing passage to the light beam dump region (41 ) is integrated and the stray light power is reduced by increasing the scattering number of the light beam dump region (41 ) and the light beam dump comers (42) of the remaining light.

[0102] The light receiver optical mechanism (27) includes two circular baffle as the light receiver mounting case outer circular baffle (29) and the light receiver mounting case inner circular baffle (30), as well as the light receiver mounting case rectangular inner surface (31 ). The light sources (21 ) side of the light receiver mounting case outer circular baffle (29) and the light receiver mounting case inner circular baffle (30) are high, and the first baffle (36) side is low. The photodiode which measures light scattering (32) located in its center is not in the same orientation as the light receiver mounting case rectangular inner surface (31 ). Thus, stray lights coming out of the light sources (21 ) and returning from the first baffle (36) do not reach the directly photodiode which measures light scattering (32). The mechanical details of the light receiver optical mechanism (27) are optimized by optical simulations and subsequently by empirical measurements.

[0103] If the amount of stray light is high in the optical measurement cell (19), small light scattering resulting from low particle concentration is swamped. The optomechanical light trap region (38) and the light beam dump region (41) are formed in the optical measurement cell (19), thereby increasing the ratio of the light source to the stray light value to one billion and above.

[0104] The device mentioned in the invention is connected to the environment air sampling pipes (17) from the ambient where the device is located, via the main air sampling path (2). While air intake is performed with the help of the aspirator (15) from the environment air sampling pipe holes (18) in the pipeline, a portion of the air taken by the air subsampling port (5) is transmitted to the optical measurement cell (19). While being transmitted to the optical measurement cell (19), it is cleaned by the dust trap (6) and the dust filter (7). In the optical measurement cell (19), it is exposed to light of short and long wavelengths, and the light scattered from the particles is measured by the scattered light-sensing photodiode (32) and the attenuation of the light is measured by the photodiodes which measure light attenuation (33). By processing the obtained data, the smoke density value is calculated by compensating the particle diameter and particle color. The device and technique that emerged with the invention is related to monitoring devices.

[0105] A reference number follows the technical and all other features mentioned in each claim, and this reference number is used only to facilitate understanding of the claims, therefore, they should not be considered as limiting the scope of the element indicated by this reference number for purposes of illustration.

[0106] It is clear that a person skilled in the art can demonstrate the innovation revealed in the invention by using similar embodiments and / or can apply this embodiment to other fields with the same purposes which are used in the related art. Therefore, it is obvious that such embodiments will lack the criterion of overcoming the innovation.

Claims

AMENDED CLAIMS received by the International Bureau on 29 December 2023 (29.12.2023) A particle detection device, wherein it comprises environment air sampling entry (1 ) main air sampling path (2), main air sampling path flow meter (3), aspirator main air sampling vacuum port (4), air subsampling port (5), dust trap (6), dust filter (7), air subsampling path (8), air subsampling path flow meter (9), optical measurement room entry (10), optical measurement room (11), optical measurement room exit (12), aspirator air subsampling vacuum path (13), aspirator air subsampling vacuum port (14), aspirator (15), aspirator exhaust (16), environment air sampling pipes (17), environment air sampling pipe holes (18), optical measurement cell (19), light source optical mechanism (20), light sources (21 ), light source with short wavelength (22), light source with long wavelength (23), light source mounting case (24), light source mounting case baffles (25), lens (26), light receiver optical mechanism (27), light receiver mounting case (28), light receiver mounting case outer circular baffle (29), light receiver mounting case inner circular baffle (30), light receiver mounting case rectangular inner surface (31 ), photodiode which measures light scattering (32), photodiodes which measure light attenuation (33), light trap mechanism (34), light trap for photodiode which measures light scattering (35), first baffle (36), second baffle (37), light trap region (38), light trap comers (39), light beam dump hole (40), light bam dump region (41), light beam dump comers (42), and measurement area (43). A particle detection device according to claim 1 , wherein it comprises environment air sampling entry (1) which is the connection point of the pipes that take sample air from the ambient to the device, and which enables the connection of two types of pipes with an outer diameter of 25-27 mm. A particle detection device according to claim 1 , wherein it comprises main air sampling path (2) which transmits the vacuum pressure with minimal loss to the environment air sampling entry (1). A particle detection device according to claim 1 , wherein it comprises the main air sampling path flow meter (3) which measures the flow rate (liter / minute) of22AMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19)the air sampled from the ambient by means of the environment air sampling pipe holes (18) on the environment air sampling pipes (17) placed in the ambient to be detected.

5. A particle detection device according to claim 1 ,2 or 3, wherein it is characterized with the fact that the pressure loss is minimized with different geometries created without narrowing the environment air sampling entry (1 ) cross-sectional area along the main air sampling path (2) to the inlet of the aspirator main air sampling vacuum port (4).

6. A particle detection device according to claim 1 , wherein it comprises air subsampling path (8) which uses the aspirator air subsampling vacuum path (13) to provide the required amount (5-10%), and which provides the required sampling amount (5-10%) via the main air sampling path (2) in a geometrically optimized way.

7. A particle detection device according to claim 1 or 5, wherein it comprises light source optical mechanism (20) which blocks the stray light.

8. A particle detection device according to claim 1 , wherein it comprises air subsampling path flow meter (9) which measures the flow rate of the sampled air which is sampled from the ambient by means of the environment air sampling pipe holes (18) on the environment air sampling pipes (17) placed in the ambient to be detected, and this sampled air is transmitted to air subsampling port (5), air subsampling path (8) and optical measurement room (11).

9. A particle detection device according to claim 1 , wherein it comprises optical measurement room entry (10) which enables the transmission of the air coming over air subsampling path (8) into optical measurement room (11 ).

10. A particle detection device according to claim 1 , wherein it comprises light source mounting case baffles (25) which prevent off-axis lights and reduce the amount of stray light in the optical measurement room (11 ) and create the focused light in the particle measurement region, and comprises the convex type lens (26).23AMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19)11. A particle detection device according to claim 1 , wherein it comprises optical measurement room (11) which connects the vacuum required for the required amount of flow to the aspirator (15) air subsampling vacuum port (14) of the aspirator (15) aspirator air subsampling vacuum path (13).

12. A particle detection device according to claim 1 , wherein it comprises optical measurement room exit (12) which is bigger than optical measurement room entry cross section (10), and ensures that flow is laminar.

13. A particle detection device according to claim 1 , wherein it comprises aspirator which creates the vacuum pressure in the pipes that take sample air from the ambient.

14. A particle detection device according to claim 1 , wherein it comprises environment air sampling pipe holes (18) which provides air sampling from the ambient on the environment air sampling pipes (17) placed in the ambient to be detected.

15. A particle detection device according to claim 1 , wherein it is characterized with the fact that the soiling effect in the optical measurement cell (19) is reduced and that large particles in the air coming from the main air sampling path (2) are directed directly to the aspirator main air sampling vacuum port(4) in the direction of the main air sampling path (2) and by means of gravity, and that it is directly given back to the ambient by the aspirator exhaust (16).

16. A particle detection device according to claim 1 , wherein it comprises a rotational movement as the sample air coming from the air subsampling port(5) passes from the dust trap (6) to the dust filter (7).

17. A particle detection device acc. to claim 1 , wherein its feature is to have aspirator air subsampling vacuum port (14) which provides the necessary amount of vacuum to be created over air subsampling path (8) with providing low pressure loss via main air sampling path (2) and air subsampling path (8) that enables to increase the length of environment air sampling pipes (17).24AMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19)18. A particle detection device according to claim 1 , wherein it comprises environment air sampling pipes (17) which does not narrow along aspirator (15) main air sampling path (2), which minimizes the pressure loss, which is placed in the ambient to be detected and which is connected to the environment air sampling entry (1 ).

19. A particle detection device according to claim 1 or 10, wherein it comprises aspirator (15), which separately connects the suction to the main air sampling path (2) and the air subsampling path (8) and provides more vacuum pressure in the environment air sampling pipes (17).

20. A particle detection device according to claim 1 , wherein it comprises dust filter (7) that filters large particles from coarse to fine with a polyurethane sponge containing one or more layers.

21. A particle detection device according to claim 1 or 5, wherein it comprises a long air subsampling path (8) which creates a flow profile after passing the filter (7).

22. A particle detection device according to claim 1 , wherein it comprises optical measurement room (11 ) where the amount of stray light is 7 times higher for the light source with long wavelength (23), and 9 times for the light source with short wavelength (22), for the response to the low particle concentration which are desired to be detected.

23. A particle detection device according to claim 1 , wherein it comprises light receiver optical mechanism (27) optimized by optical simulations and empirical method, light trap mechanism (34), and light source optical mechanism (20) provided so that the ratio of the light power of the transmitters to the stray light value is minimum one billion and above.

24. A particle detection device according to claim 1 , wherein it comprises light sources (21) which mounted to the light source mounting case (24), optical measurement room (11 ) and light source mounting case baffles (25) to block optical light and reduce off-axis lights in order to reduce stray light.25AMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19)25. A particle detection device according to claim 1 , wherein it comprises convex type lens (26) which includes light source mounting case (24), and whose position is designed with optical simulation and empirical method in such a way as to create a minimum light diameter in the measurement area (43) of the rays emanating from the light source (21 ).

26. A particle detection device according to claim 1 , wherein it comprises light receiver optical mechanism (27) that prevents the residual light scattered in the optical measurement cell (19) from falling on the photodiode which measures light scattering (32) by means of light receiver mounting case outer circular baffle (29) and light receiver mounting case inner circular baffle (30).

27. A particle detection device according to claim 1 , wherein it comprises photodiode which measures light scattering (32) used to detect the light scattered from the particles suspended in the sample air coming through the air subsampling path (8) and placed in the light receiver mounting case (28)28. A particle detection device according to claim 1 , wherein the amount of interaction is increased on light receiver mounting case rectangular inner surface (31 ), before the scattering-based rays formed on the surfaces of the sample optical measurement room (11 ) come to the photodiode which measures light scattering (32).

29. A particle detection device according to claim 1 , wherein it comprises optical measurement cell (19) which includes photodiode which measures light scattering (32) and at least two photodiodes which measure light attenuation (33), and which measures side scatter according to direction of the rays of photodiode which measures light scattering (34) detecting the scattering.

30. A particle detection device according to claim 1 , wherein it comprises photodiode which measures light scattering (32) that detects scattering at long and short wavelengths to eliminate the dependence on particle color, and photodiodes which measure light attenuation (33) that measure ray attenuation for two different wavelengths.26AMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19)A particle detection device according to claim 1 or 24, wherein it is characterized with the fact that in the use of photodiodes which measure light attenuation (33), the calibration is done to light source with short wavelength (22) and light source with long wavelength (23), and that it monitors and records light power in conditions of white smoke or fresh air. A particle detection device according to claim 1 or 24, wherein it is characterized with the fact that in the use of photodiodes which measure light attenuation (33), it measures ray attenuation in different colored smoke types. A particle detection device according to claim 1 or 25, wherein it is characterized with the fact that a light source with short wavelength (22) and a light source with long wavelength (23) are used to eliminate the dependence on particle diameter. A particle detection device according to claim 1 , wherein it comprises light trap for photodiode which measures light scattering (35) with a conical structure on the surface opposite of photodiode which measures light scattering (32). A particle detection device according to claim 1 , wherein it comprises the first baffle (36) with a larger diameter than the light in order to prevent the rays coming out of the light sources (21 ) from reflecting back from the light trap region (38) and returning to the optical measurement room (11 ). A particle detection device according to claim 1 , wherein it comprises second baffle (37) which ensures that the rays from the light trap region (38) are less reflected back into the optical measurement room (11 ). A particle detection device according to claim 1 , wherein it is characterized with the fact that in order to reduce the scattering caused by the bidirectional scattering distribution function, which is an important interaction between the interactions of light with the surface, the light beam dump hole (40) providing passage to the light beam dump region (41 ) is integrated and the stray light27AMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19)power is reduced by increasing the scattering number of the light trap region (41).

38. A particle detection device according to claim 1 , wherein it comprises optical measurement cell (19) where small light scattering formed as a result of low particle concentration is swamped in case of high stray light, where mechanical light trap region (38) and light beam dump region (41) were formed and in this way, the ratio of the light source to the stray light value is increased to one billion and above.

39. A particle detection device according to claim 1 , wherein a portion of the air taken by the air subsampling port (5) is transmitted to the optical measurement cell (19) while air is taken from the environment air sampling pipe holes (18) in the pipeline with the help of the aspirator (15).

40. A particle detection device according to claim 1 or 26, wherein it comprises receiver optic mechanism (27) which includes two circular baffles as light receiver mounting case outer circular baffle (29) and light receiver mounting case inner circular baffle (30), as well as light receiver mounting case rectangular inner surface (31), and the mechanical details of which have been optimized by optical simulations and subsequently by empirical measurements.

41. A particle detection device according to claim 1 , wherein it comprises light receiver mounting case outer circular baffle (29) whose light sources (21 ) side is high and first baffle (36) is low, and light receiver mounting case inner circular baffle (30).

42. A particle detection device according to claim 1 , wherein photodiode which measures light scattering (32) in the center is in a different orientation with light receiver mounting case rectangular inner surface (31 ).28AMENDED SHEET (ARTICLE 19)