Liquid distribution manifold

Abstract

A liquid distribution manifold for an automated beverage preparation system. The manifold has a channel 120 with at least one branch 130. The channel 120 has an integral seal 150, aligned with the bra

Description

FIELD The present disclosure relates to automated beverage preparation systems, and in particular to a liquid distribution manifold for an automated beverage preparation system. Also disclosed is a system for dispensing liquid comprising such a liquid distribution manifold, and a method for flushing fluid through such a liquid distribution manifold. BACKGROUND Automated beverage preparation systems such as, for example, automated coffee machines, can include milk fridges for milk storage, where the milk is used as an ingredient in beverage preparation. A source of milk in a milk fridge can be connected to a texturing, heating or cooling system outside the fridge via a tubing system, and milk can be extracted from the source to the texturing, heating or cooling system automatically when the system is preparing a beverage. For hygiene purposes, it is important that the tubing system which carries milk throughout the beverage preparation system, and from the fridge to unrefrigerated parts of the system, remains clean. For automated beverage preparation systems like coffee machines, the beverage (coffee) is typically served hot, and the milk is heated during preparation, reducing any microbial levels present in the milk. The industry has been somewhat reliant upon drink heating, in addition to hot cleaning, to maintain hygiene standards. However, it may be the case that not all beverages prepared by such systems are served hot, and there is thus a desire for alternative means of reducing microbial levels in beverages output by such systems. Current equipment poses hygiene challenges, particularly as cold drinks such as iced coffee increase in popularity. Tubing systems currently present in automated beverage systems may possess one or more features which increase the difficulty of maintaining hygiene performance. For example, tubing systems may comprise a large number of piping and / or fitting connections which provide a correspondingly large number of cavities. Such cavities can retain unwanted liquids within the system, and can render it difficult to effectively flush retained liquids out of the system. Tubing systems may also comprise unrefrigerated lines which hold liquid, such as milk, where the liquid cannot be displaced at all, or can only be displaced by backflowing water down the unrefrigerated line. In arrangements where the tubing system comprises an unrefrigerated line configured to carry milk from a fridge to a texturing, heating, or cooling system, the backflow of water down the unrefrigerated line can cause any milk retained in the unrefrigerated line to be carried back to the fridge with the water, thus potentially contaminating a milk source in the fridge. In the same or other arrangements of current tubing systems, the piping and / or fitting connections may be arranged such that they retain unwanted liquid in cavities, or dead-legs, within refrigerated parts of the system, but which cannot be flushed out of the system unless a full system cleaning sequence is performed. Such full system cleaning sequences render the system unusable while it is being cleaned, thus it is desirable to have an alternative means for cleaning the system. With many different types of milk now demanded by consumers, automated beverage preparation systems typically have a plurality of milk sources available for use as an ingredient in beverage preparation. There is thus a need for a liquid distribution apparatus which can selectively extract a specific milk from a milk fridge for use in the preparation of a beverage, while also preventing cross-contamination or mixing of milk sources. Automated beverage preparation systems may include means to transfer other liquids around the equipment and to dispensing outlets. These liquids may include flavouring liquids such as, for example, syrups. Similar hygiene and cleaning challenges apply to such other liquids. An example of a known or typical liquid distribution apparatus 10 is shown in Figure 1A. As can be seen, the liquid distribution apparatus comprises a tube 16 connecting an inlet 12, and an outlet 14, and a number of branches 18A-C each leading to a respective milk source. Milk from one of the milk sources can be extracted through the corresponding branch 18A, 18B or 18C, while the other branches are closed off, for example using a pinch valve 24 as shown in Figure 1B. The outlet 14 may lead upstream to a texturing, heating or cooling system. Figure 1B shows an exemplary configuration of apparatus 10 wherein milk is extracted from milk source 18A, and transported through the outlet 14 to be used in beverage preparation. The branches 20 to milk sources 18B and 18C are closed using respective pinch valves 24, and as such the milk passing through tube 16 to outlet 14 is prevented from entering and potentially contaminating milk sources 18B and 18C. However, milk passing through tube 16 may be partially retained in the dead-leg area 22 of each branch 20, due to the positioning of the pinch valve in each branch. This is depicted in more detail in Figures 1D and 1E. In Figure 1D, the branch 20A is open and in fluid communication with the tube 16. In Figure 1E, the branch 20A has been pinched closed by a blunt wedge 24B pressed against an opposing block 24A, and thus the branch 20A is not in fluid communication with the tube 16. However, a dead leg area 22 is formed in the branch 20A, due to the positioning of the pinch valve 24 in the branch 20A. In order to clean the tubing system of apparatus 10, hot water can be flushed through the inlet 12 towards the outlet 14. To prevent the hot water from entering the milk sources 18A-C, the pinch valves 24 are used to pinch each branch 20 closed, as shown in Figure 1C. However, cleaning of the tubing system in this manner may only dilute any milk retained in the dead-leg area 22 of each branch 20, and may not completely flush out any retained milk present in such areas. The retention of milk in these dead-legs can thus provide a harbourage site for the deposit of milk solids, and can cause an accumulation of bacteria within the tubing system. A dead-leg is a term used in the art to refer to a section of piping or tubing in which there is no fluid circulation, or which does not have a regular flow of fluid. These unused sections of piping or tubing can provide harbourage sites for the growth of microorganisms, due to the lack of fluid circulation. Known methods of cleaning these milk tubing systems are typically complex, and can require that water used to clean the tubing is flushed against the beverage preparation direction of flow, and / or can require high turbulence or temperatures. The tubing may also have to be cleaned in conjunction with upstream systems, such as milk-texturing systems, which demand integration of the control of the fridge and those upstream systems to a great extent. The present invention seeks to address the aforementioned problems and other disadvantages encountered in the prior art by providing a liquid distribution manifold for an automated beverage system SUMMARY According to a first aspect of the disclosure, there is provided a liquid distribution manifold for an automated beverage preparation system. The liquid distribution manifold comprises a channel comprising an inlet and an outlet, at least one branch configured to be in fluid communication with the channel via a branch opening in the channel, and at least one integral seal formed in the channel, wherein the integral seal is substantially aligned with the branch opening. The integral seal is deployable in a first open position, in which the branch opening provides for fluid flow between the at least one branch and the channel, and a second sealing position, in which the branch opening is sealed by the integral seal, such that the channel is configured to allow fluid flow from the inlet to the outlet around the integral seal in the second sealing position. Advantageously, the liquid distribution manifold prevents the formation of dead-legs in the at least one branch of the manifold, and thus minimises any retention of unwanted or residual matter in the manifold. Cross-contamination between fluid in the manifold and fluid in a fluid source connected to the manifold is also reduced due to the inclusion of the integral seal. In an automated beverage preparation system such as an automated coffee preparation system, the liquid distribution manifold advantageously allows for the minimisation of retention of stagnant milk and / or diluted milk in the tubing of the system, as there are no dead-legs formed in the manifold. Cross-contamination between sources of milk is also reduced, as is the mixing of water with milk in the milk sources due to the configuration of the manifold. The use of the manifold in an automated beverage preparation system can also promote or support a “continually cleaning” operating philosophy for the system, wherein the machine can continually and automatically clean the milk tubing system (including the manifold) opportunistically between dispensing operations without a break in use of the machine. The liquid distribution manifold also advantageously allows for an arrangement which reduces the extent of integration required to attain hygienic operation between a milk tubing system in an automated coffee preparation system, and an upstream system such as a milk texturing system. For example, the level of physical integration (e.g. the proximity of the systems) and control integration (e.g. valve coordination) required can be reduced by the inclusion of the presently disclosed manifold. The liquid distribution manifold also advantageously provides a compact arrangement for the distribution of liquid in an automated beverage preparation system when compared to prior art arrangements. This is due, at least in part, to the provision of the at least one seal as an integral part of the manifold, rather than as an additional internal and / or external component of the manifold. Optionally, the integral seal is configured to be moved between the first open position and the second sealing position by an actuator. Optionally, the branch opening is configured to engage with the integral seal in the second sealed position. In some implementations, the branch opening may be configured to engage with the integral seal via an extended inner perimeter around the branch opening. Advantageously, the branch opening being configured to engage with the integral seal in the second sealing position, optionally via an extended inner perimeter around the branch opening, may allow for a more robust or water-tight seal to be formed between the integral seal and the branch opening. Such a robust seal may assist in preventing fluid communication between the corresponding branch and the channel of the manifold when the integral seal is in the second sealing position. Optionally, the integral seal comprises a depressible portion of the channel. Optionally, the integral seal opposes the branch opening. Optionally, the manifold can comprise a plurality of branches, each branch configured to be in fluid communication with the channel via a respective branch opening in the channel, and a plurality of integral seals formed in the channel, each integral seal substantially aligned with a respective branch opening, and each integral seal deployable in a respective first open position, in which the respective branch opening provides for fluid flow between the branch and the channel, and a respective second sealing position, wherein the respective branch opening is sealed by the integral seal, such that the channel is configured to allow fluid to flow from the inlet to the outlet around one or more of the integral seals in the respective second sealing positions. Advantageously, in implementations where the liquid distribution manifold comprises a plurality of branches, each branch line may lead to a different fluid source, for example a different milk source, to provide for the flow of different types of milk such as dairy milk, oat milk, soy milk and nut milks etc.. The liquid distribution manifold can thus be used to distribute a plurality of different fluids in an automated beverage preparation system, with minimal crosscontamination of the fluid sources and minimal retention of unwanted residual fluids. For an automated coffee preparation system, for example, a plurality of different milks can be distributed from the fridge to upstream systems, such as a milk texturing system, with minimal cross-contamination of the milk sources and minimal retention of residual milk in the system. Optionally, the manifold can comprise three to six branches. The manifold may be formed in one integral piece, and may be formed of an elastomeric material. In some implementations, the manifold is formed of silicone. Alternatively, the at least one integral seal may be adhered to the channel. Optionally, the inlet comprises a pinch valve. In the same or other implementations, the inlet and / or the outlet comprise one of an integral or adjacent isolation valve. Optionally, the branch opening can provide for fluid flow from the at least one branch to the channel in the first open position of the at least one integral seal. A second aspect disclosed herein is a system for dispensing liquid comprising the liquid distribution manifold, and at least one actuator configured to move the at least one integral seal between the first open position and the second sealed position. Optionally, the actuator comprises a spring-loaded solenoid. Optionally, in implementations wherein the manifold comprises a plurality of branches, and a plurality of integral seals, each branch configured to be in fluid communication with the channel via a respective branch opening in the channel, and each integral seal substantially aligned with a respective branch opening, the system may comprise a plurality of actuators, each actuator configured to move a respective integral seal between a respective first open position and a respective second sealed position. Optionally, the system is an automated beverage preparation system. A third aspect provided herein is a method for flushing fluid through the liquid distribution manifold, comprising sealing the first branch opening by moving the at least one integral seal from the first open position to the second sealed position, and displacing fluid from the inlet to the outlet of the channel. Advantageously, such a method enables the flushing out of any residual or retained fluids present in the channel of the manifold, while also preventing the fluid being flushed through the manifold from entering the at least one branch of the manifold. As there are no dead-legs present in the manifold, a thorough rinsing / cleaning of the channel can take place. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Specific embodiments are now described, by way of example only, with reference to the drawings, in which: Figures 1A-E (prior art) show a typical liquid distribution apparatus used in a known beverage preparation system; Figure 2A shows a side view of a liquid distribution manifold for an automated beverage preparation system; Figures 2B-2D show a transverse cross-sectional view of a liquid distribution manifold; Figures 2E-2H show transverse and longitudinal cross-sectional views of a liquid distribution manifold; Figures 3A-C show plan views of a liquid distribution manifold; Figures 4A-D show longitudinal cross-sectional views of a liquid distribution manifold; Figures 5A-D show an exemplary mode of operation of a liquid distribution manifold; and Figure 6 shows an example of an automated beverage machine 1100. DETAILED DESCRIPTION In overview, and without limitation, the present application discloses a liquid distribution manifold for an automated beverage preparation system, where the manifold comprises at least one integral seal which can be moved between an open position and a closed sealing position, to selectively allow fluid communication between the manifold and a fluid source connected to the manifold. This configuration prevents the formation of dead-legs in the at least one branch of the manifold, and thus minimises the retention of unwanted or residual matter in the manifold. Cross-contamination between fluid in the manifold and the fluid source is also reduced due to the inclusion of the integral seal. In an automated beverage preparation system such as an automated coffee preparation system, the presently disclosed apparatus advantageously allows for the minimisation of retention of stagnant milk and / or diluted milk in the tubing of the system, as there are no deadlegs formed in the manifold. Cross-contamination between sources of milk is also reduced, as is the mixing of water with milk in the milk sources due to the configuration of the manifold. The use of the manifold in an automated beverage preparation system can also promote or support a “continually cleaning” operating philosophy for the system, wherein the machine can continually and automatically clean the milk tubing system without a break in use of the machine. The presently disclosed manifold also allows for an arrangement which reduces the extent of integration required to attain hygienic operation between a milk tubing system in an automated coffee preparation system, and an upstream system such as a milk texturing system. For example, the level of physical integration (e.g. the proximity of the systems) and control integration (e.g. valve coordination) required can be reduced by the inclusion of the presently disclosed manifold. The liquid distribution manifold disclosed herein also provides a compact arrangement for the distribution of liquid in an automated beverage preparation system when compared to prior art arrangements. This is due, at least in part, to the provision of the at least one seal as an integral part of the manifold, rather than as an additional internal and / or external component of the manifold. Figures 2A-H depict a liquid distribution manifold 100 for an automated beverage preparation system according to the claimed invention. The manifold 100 comprises a channel 120, the channel comprising an inlet 110 and an outlet 160. The channel 120 may be a tube or a section of tubing connecting the inlet 110 and the outlet 160, providing a channel or conduit for fluid flow between the inlet 110 and outlet 160. The channel 120 may comprise a circular or substantially circular cross-section when not in use (as shown in Figure 2A), but may have a cross-section comprising a substantially flat upper and lower surface enclosed by sides which are generally semi-circular when in use (as shown in Figures 2C to 2F). The inlet 110 may be configured to connect to, or configured to be in fluid communication with, a cleaning fluid supply source. In the example described herein, said fluid is water, although it is envisaged that any other suitable fluid may be employed. The inlet may also comprise a pinch valve configured to selectively allow the flow of fluid into the channel from the inlet. The operation of such a pinch valve may be controlled via a control system or computing device. The outlet 160 may be configured to connect to, or configured to be in fluid communication with, an upstream system of the automated beverage preparation system, such as a milktexturing, heating, or cooling system. In some implementations, the inlet 110 and / or outlet 160 may comprise one of an integral or adjacent isolation valve. The manifold 100 comprises at least one branch 130, wherein the branch 130 is configured to be in fluid communication with the channel 120 via a branch opening 140 in the channel 120. In the example shown in Figure 2A, the branch 130 is a tube or a section of tubing arranged substantially perpendicularly to the channel 120. The branch 130 may accommodate a branch line (not shown) in fluid communication with a fluid source such as a milk source, wherein the branch line provides a conduit or channel for the flow of fluid from the fluid source to the channel 120. The branch line may be a tube or a section of tubing, configured to be accommodated in the branch 130 at a first end, and in fluid communication with a fluid source at a second end. The branch may be configured to accommodate an upper portion of the branch line (as shown in an exemplary manner in Figures 4A-D). The manifold 100 further comprises at least one integral seal 150 formed in the channel 120, wherein the integral seal is substantially aligned with the branch opening 140, as shown in Figures 2A to 2D. The at least one integral seal may be formed in the wall of the channel, and may be in the form of a depressible seal. In other words, a portion of the channel wall may be depressible, and may be configured to depress in a direction which aligns substantially with the branch opening 140. The integral seal 150 may also be referred to as an integral valve. In some implementations, the integral seal 150 may be formed integrally with the channel 120. In other words, the integral seal 150 and the channel 120 are formed in one single piece. In other implementations, the integral seal 150 may be adhered to the channel 120, for example to the inner wall of the channel. In such implementations, the integral seal may be adhered to the channel wall via conventional adhesive means, for example via glue. The integral seal 150 is deployable in a first open position, wherein the branch opening 140 provides for fluid flow between the at least one branch 130 and the channel 120, and in a second closed sealing position, in which the branch opening 140 is sealed by the integral seal, such that the channel 120 is configured to allow fluid flow from the inlet 110 to the outlet 160 around the seal in the second sealing position. In some implementations, the branch opening 140 provides for fluid flow from the at least one branch 130 to the channel 120 when the integral seal is in the first open position. In the same or other implementations, the branch opening can provide for fluid flow from the channel to the at least one branch. The first open position of the integral seal 150 is depicted in Figure 2B and Figure 2E, where it can be seen that branch opening 140 can provide for fluid flow between branch 130 and the channel 120. In this configuration, fluid from branch 130 can enter channel 120, and vice versa. In this implementation, the integral seal 150 is formed in the channel wall, and comprises a depressible portion of the channel 120, however in other implementations the integral seal 150 may be adhered to the channel, as described further above. In both such implementations, the integral seal 150 is configured to seal the branch opening 140 when the integral seal is in a fully depressed position. Advantageously, the integral seal 150 provides a means for sealing the branch opening 140, preventing fluid flow into or out of the branch 130, without the presence of a dead-leg area in which fluid or milk can be retained. In configurations wherein the integral seal 150 is in the second sealing position, the channel 120 is configured to allow fluid flow from the inlet 110 to the outlet 160. As shown in Figure 2D and Figure 2F, the channel may be configured such that the deployment of integral seal 150 towards the branch opening 140 causes the formation of conduits or flow paths 122 around the integral seal 150. When the integral seal 150 is in the second sealing position, fluid can flow through the flow paths 122 and thus around the integral seal 150. In other words, the fluid flow from the inlet to the outlet of the channel 120 is only partially obstructed by the integral seal 150 in the second sealing position. Two flow paths 122 around integral seal 150 are shown in Figure 2D, but this is merely exemplary, and it is envisaged that other configurations of and numbers of flow paths are possible. The integral seal 150 is thus dimensioned such that, in the second sealing position, the fluid flow in channel 120 is only partially obstructed by the integral seal 150. For example, the integral seal 150 may have a diameter that is less than the diameter of the channel 120. In a preferred implementation, the integral seal may comprise a conically shaped, or substantially conically shaped, sealing surface. In other words, the sealing surface of the integral seal may extend in a conical shape towards the branch opening 140. A conically shaped sealing surface can provide a large sealing surface which is more tolerant to damage, and which also may be self-aligning with respect to the branch opening 140 and / or channel 120. In other embodiments, the sealing surface may be tapered towards the branch opening 140. In alternative embodiments, the sealing surface may comprise a flat circular surface, wherein the flat circular surface is pressed into or depressed into the branch opening 140. The integral seal 150 may be configured to engage with the branch opening 140 of branch 130 in order to seal branch 130. For example, the integral seal 150 may be dimensioned to cooperate with the branch opening 140 to seal branch 130. In some implementations, the integral seal 150 may be shaped or dimensioned to fit exactly or substantially exactly into the branch opening 140. For example, where the integral seal 150 and branch opening 150 are generally circular, this may be due to the diameter of the integral seal 150 being equal to the diameter of the branch opening. As shown in Figure 2B, the integral seal 150 may comprise a depressible portion of the channel. In other words, the integral seal may be a depressible sealing feature. Such a depressible sealing feature can be deployed into the second sealing position by pressing or depressing the depressible sealing feature in the direction of the corresponding branch opening 140, in order to engage with the branch opening 140. In some implementations, the integral seal 150 may oppose the branch opening, and may be depressed vertically in order to move the integral seal 150 from the first open position to the second sealing position. Such an arrangement is shown in Figure 2A and Figure 2B. The orientation of the manifold 100 indicated by the axes in Figures 2 to 5 is merely preferred, and it is noted that the manifold may be arranged in other orientations in use. In some implementations, the integral seal 150 is configured to be deployed or moved between the first open position and the second sealing position by an external actuator 104. The external actuator 104 may comprise any conventional means of actuation. For example, the external actuator may comprise a spring-loaded solenoid. The manifold can further comprise a support tube 125, configured to support the external actuator. The support tube 125 may accommodate at least part of the external actuator 104, and can be substantially aligned with the integral seal 150, as shown in Figure 2A and Figure 2E. The support tube 125 may be a tube or section of tubing which is configured to accommodate the external actuator 104. In arrangements where the integral seal 150 is in the open position, e.g. as shown in Figure 2E, the support tube may extend outwardly from the channel 120 in order to support the actuator 104. When the integral seal 150 is moved between, or deployed from, the open position to the sealed position via the actuator 104, e.g. as shown in Figure 2F, the support tube 125 is deployed towards the branch 130 along with the integral seal 150. In some implementations, the branch opening 140 may be configured to engage with the integral seal 150 in the second sealing position. The branch opening can comprise an extended inner perimeter which is configured to engage with the integral seal 150. In other words, the branch opening 140 may comprise a seat which supports the integral seal 150 in the second sealing position. The extended inner perimeter, or seat, of the branch opening 140 may extend from the wall of the branch 130 towards the centre of the branch 130, and may be configured such that the integral seal contacts the extended inner perimeter when in the second sealing position. The manifold 100 may comprise a plurality of branches 130, each branch configured to be in fluid communication with the channel 120 via a respective branch opening 140 in the channel 120. For example, a channel 120 comprising two branches is depicted in Figure 2G and 2H. Each branch 130 may be configured to accommodate a branch line (not shown), each branch line in fluid communication with a respective fluid source, wherein the branch line provides a conduit or channel for the flow of fluid from the respective fluid source to the channel 120. The plurality of branches may be distributed between the inlet 110 and the outlet 160 of the manifold, and may be disposed substantially parallel to one another. In such implementations, the manifold may also comprise a plurality of integral seals formed in the channel 120, where each integral seal substantially aligns with a respective branch opening 140. Each integral seal of the plurality of integral seals may comprise any or all of the features described with respect to integral seal 150 in Figures 2A to 2F. Each branch and branch opening may also comprise any or all of the features described with respect to branch 130 and branch opening 140 in Figures 2A to 2F. In such implementations, each integral seal is deployable in a respective first open position, in which the respective branch opening provides for fluid flow between the branch and the channel, and a respective second sealing position, wherein the respective branch opening is sealed by the respective integral seal. In configurations wherein the manifold 100 comprises a plurality of branches 130, the channel 120 is configured to allow fluid flow from the inlet 110 to the outlet 160 around one or more of the plurality of integral seals in their respective second sealing positions. In other words, flow paths, such as flow paths 122 shown for in Figure 2H, may form around each integral seal in the sealed position, allowing fluid to flow around the integral seals in the sealed position. In some configurations, the fluid may flow from the inlet 110 to the outlet 160. In other configurations, the fluid may flow from a branch 130 whose corresponding integral seal 150 is in the first open position, to the outlet 160, around one or more integral seals in the second sealing position. For example, Figure 2G shows a channel 120 comprising two branches 130A and 130B, each comprising an integral seal 150A,B in the open position. Each branch 130A,B is thus in fluid communication with the channel 120. Figure 2H depicts the arrangement of Figure 2E, but with integral seal 150A in the sealed position. Flow paths 122 form around the integral seal 150A in the closed position, allowing fluid to flow around integral seal 150A in the sealed position. In such a configuration, fluid may flow from branch 230B whose corresponding integral seal 150B is in the open position, around the integral seal 150A via flow paths 122, and out of the channel 120. As noted above, in configurations where the manifold 100 comprises a plurality of branches 130, each branch line may lead to a different fluid source, for example a different milk source, to provide for the flow of different types of milk such as dairy milk, oat milk, soy milk and nut milks etc. The manifold 100 can thus be used to distribute a plurality of different fluids in the automated beverage preparation system, with minimal cross-contamination of the fluid sources and minimal retention of unwanted residual fluids. For an automated coffee preparation system, for example, a plurality of different milks can be distributed from the fridge to upstream systems, such as a milk texturing system, with minimal cross-contamination of the milk sources and minimal retention of residual milk in the system. Each integral seal may be configured to be actuated by an external actuator 104, in the same or a similar manner to that described above with respect to Figures 2A-H. In other words, each integral seal 150 is configured to be deployed or moved between the respective first open position and the respective second sealing position by a respective external actuator 104. The external actuator 104 may comprise any conventional means of actuation. For example, the external actuator may comprise a spring-loaded solenoid. The manifold can further comprise a plurality of support tubes 125, configured to support the external actuators. The support tubes 125 may accommodate at least part of the external actuators 104, and can be substantially aligned with the integral seal 150, as shown in Figure 2A, 2E and 2G. The deployment of one or more integral seals 150 into the respective second sealing position may be controlled by a control system or computing device of the automated beverage preparation system. In other words, the sealing and opening of the branch openings in the manifold 100 may be controlled by a control system, or a computing device. In this way, the distribution of the one or more liquids (also referred to herein as fluids) in the automated beverage preparation system can be controlled by via the control system or computing device. In use, a first configuration of the manifold 100 comprises the at least one integral seal 150 in the second sealed position, preventing fluid flow between the at least one branch 130 and the channel 120. Fluid can then flow into the channel through the inlet 110, for example by opening a pinch valve of the inlet 110, displacing fluid present in the channel 120 towards the outlet 160. Due to the configuration of the channel 120, the fluid flows from the inlet 110 to the outlet 160, around the at least one integral seal 150 in the sealed position. In other words, fluid flowing through the channel 120 flows from the inlet 110 to the outlet 160 via the flow paths 122 formed around the at least one integral seal in the sealed position. This first configuration of the manifold 100 may be suitable for rinsing, cleaning or displacing fluid from the manifold 100. The sealing of branch 130 in this manner prevents the formation of a dead-leg in the branch, thus reducing retention of residual fluid in the manifold. A second configuration of the manifold 100 in use comprises the at least one integral seal 150 deployed in the first open position, allowing fluid flow between the at least one branch 130 and the channel 120. In this configuration, a pinch valve in the inlet may be in the closed position, in order to prevent the flow of fluid into the channel 120 through the inlet. Fluid can then be extracted from the fluid source in fluid communication with the branch 130 (for example, via the corresponding branch line). Fluid from the branch 130 flows from the branch 130 into the channel 120, displacing any fluid already in the channel 120, and out of the outlet 160. In implementations where the automated beverage preparation system is an automated coffee preparation system, the fluid may be transported to an upstream system such as a heating, cooling, or texturing system. A third configuration of the manifold 100 in use, in implementations where the manifold 100 comprises a plurality of branches 130 and a plurality of integral seals 150, comprises a first integral seal of the plurality of integral seals deployed in the first open position, allowing fluid flow between the corresponding first branch 130 and the channel 120. In this configuration, a pinch valve in the inlet may be in the closed position, in order to prevent the flow of fluid into the channel 120 through the inlet. Each of the other integral seals of the plurality of integral seals 150 is deployed in the second sealing position, preventing fluid flow between the respective corresponding branches 130 and the channel 120. Fluid can then be extracted from the fluid source in fluid communication with the first branch 130 (for example, via the corresponding branch line). Fluid from the first branch 130 flows from the first branch 130 into the channel 120, displacing any fluid already in the channel 120, flows around at least some of the integral seals in the second sealing position, and out of the outlet 160. In other words, fluid from the first branch 130 flows into the channel 120 and to the outlet 160 via the flow paths 122 formed around at least some of the plurality of integral seals in the sealed position. In this way, the fluid from the first branch 130 is prevented from entering the other branches of the manifold as it passes through the channel 120, and cross-contamination of fluid sources is prevented. In implementations where the automated beverage preparation system is an automated coffee preparation system, the fluid may be transported from the outlet to an upstream system such as a heating, cooling, or texturing system. The sealing of a plurality of branches in the claimed manner prevents the formation of dead-legs in each branch, thus reducing retention of residual fluid in the manifold. A further configuration of the manifold 100 in use, in implementations where the manifold 100 comprises a plurality of branches 130 and a plurality of integral seals 150, comprises more than one integral seal of the plurality of integral seals in the first open position, allowing fluid flow between the corresponding branches 130 and the channel 120. Each of the other integral seals of the plurality of integral seals 150 is deployed in the second sealing position, preventing fluid flow between the respective corresponding branches 130 and the channel 120. Such a configuration can allow for the simultaneous extraction of fluid from more than one fluid source, as fluids extracted from the branches 130 corresponding to the integral seals 150 in the open position can flow into the channel 120, displacing any fluid already in the channel 120, around at least some of the integral seals in the second sealing position, and out of the outlet 160. This configuration can comprise the same, or similar, features as the third configuration of the manifold 100 in use. Advantageously, such a configuration of the manifold 100 can allow for the blending or mixing of fluid sources. In implementations where the manifold is in use in an automated coffee preparation system, such a configuration can allow for the blending of different milk sources. For example, such a configuration can be used to extract fully-skimmed milk and a thin cream (“half’n’half”) from separate milk sources, in order to blend these milks to form semi-skimmed, full-fat or gold-top milk. The manifold may be formed in one integral piece, and can, for example, be formed as a single piece moulding. Alternatively, the manifold may be formed using multi-step moulding. For example, one or more integral seals may be formed separately to the other components of the manifold, and adhered to the channel of the manifold. The manifold may be made of a stiff but compliant elastomeric material such as an elastomeric material. In a preferred implementation, the manifold is formed of rubber or silicone. In some implementations, the manifold may be supported by an external structure, or holder (as shown in Fig.3A, reference numeral 280). The holder may be configured to prevent some aspects of the deformation or collapse of the channel 120 of the manifold 100 when an integral seal 150 moves from a first open position to a sealed position. In other words, the holder may be configured to support the formation of the flow paths 122 around each integral seal in the sealed position. For example, the holder may support the channel 120 such that the flow paths 122 remain open whether an integral seal is in an open position or in a sealed position. The holder 280 may also provide support for other components of the automated beverage preparation system. Systems of the invention may comprise the manifold 100, an external structure I holder, one or more actuators, and / or support structures as described herein. The holder 280 may also be configured to deform the manifold 100 in use. For example, the manifold 100 may have a channel 120 with a substantially circular cross-section when moulded (as shown in, for example, Figure 2A). When placed in the holder 280, the manifold 100 may be deformed such that the channel 120 has a cross-section comprising flattened upper and lower surfaces enclosed by sides which are generally semi-circular when in use (as shown in Figures 2C to 2F). The manifold 100 of the claimed invention is further described with reference to specific implementations, in particular with reference to implementations of the manifold comprising three branches and three corresponding integral seals. However, it is noted that the manifold is not limited to such implementations, and in other implementations may comprise different numbers of branches, integral seals and corresponding features. Figure 3A depicts a plan view of the manifold 100, in an implementation where the manifold comprises three branch openings and three integral seals 150A, 150B and 150C, each substantially aligning with a respective branch opening (not shown). Figure 3B depicts a configuration of the manifold 200 shown in Figure 3A, wherein a first integral seal 250A corresponding to a first branch opening is in the second sealing position (“C”), preventing fluid flow between the corresponding first branch and the channel 220, and a third integral seal 250C corresponding to a third branch opening is in the second sealing position (“C”), preventing fluid flow between the corresponding third branch and the channel 220. A second integral seal 250B is in the first open position (“O”), in which the corresponding branch opening (not shown) provides for fluid flow from the corresponding second branch and branch line (not shown) to the channel 120. The direction of fluid flow is indicated by reference numeral 270, and it can be seen that fluid flows from the branch to the channel 220, and out of outlet 260. As integral seals 250A and 250C are in the second sealing position, fluid flowing from the open branch does not enter either of the branches corresponding to integral seals 250A and 250C, and instead flows around the third integral seal 250C in the sealed position to reach the outlet 260. In this way, cross-contamination of fluid sources is prevented. Additionally, the sealing of branches 230A and 230C in this manner prevent the formation of dead-legs in each branch, thus reducing retention of residual fluid in the manifold. Fluid flow in direction 270 may be caused by an instruction to extract the fluid in a fluid source (not shown) in fluid communication with the branch corresponding to integral seal 250B. As shown in Figure 3A, the fluid is extracted from the open branch, and flows out of the channel 220 via the outlet 260. It can be seen that the fluid flows around the integral seal 250C, towards the outlet 260. The branches corresponding to integral seals 250A and 250C comprise respective branch lines which may also be in fluid communication with respective fluid sources, but no fluid is extracted from either branch due to the integral seals 250A, 250C being in the second sealing position. In implementations where the automated beverage preparation system is an automated coffee preparation system, the configuration shown in Figure 3B depicts the extraction of a particular milk from a milk source in fluid communication with the branch corresponding to integral seal 250B, where the two other milk sources in the arrangement are sealed by the integral seals 250A and 250C in the second sealing positions. The direction of the extraction of milk is indicated by 270, wherein the milk flows around the integral seal 250C in the second sealing position, and out of the channel via the outlet 260. From the outlet, the milk can be sent upstream, for example to a milk texturing system for the next step of the coffee preparation process. Figure 3C shows a configuration of the manifold 100 shown in Figures 3A and 3B, wherein the manifold 200 is in the process of being rinsed, cleaned, or where the displacement of fluid present in the channel is desired. As indicated by line 370, fluid flows into the channel 220 from inlet 210. The fluid flowing into the channel can be a cleaning fluid used to flush out any residual or retained fluids present in the channel 220. Such a cleaning or rinsing step may take place after the extraction of fluids from the various fluid sources in fluid communication with the manifold. As noted previously, inlet 210 can be connected to a water supply, and thus may allow for water to be flushed through the channel 220 as shown. In preparation for the flushing of cleaning fluid through the channel 220, each integral seal 250A-C is deployed to the second sealing position, as shown. The liquid entering the channel 320 through inlet 210 can thus flow around the integral seals 250A-C in the second sealing position, and out of the outlet 260. This enables the flushing out of any residual or retained fluids present in the channel 220, while also preventing the cleaning fluid from entering any of the branches of the manifold 200. As there are no dead-legs present in the manifold 200, a thorough rinsing / cleaning of the channel 220 can take place. Each branch line (not shown) corresponding to a branch (not shown) can be rinsed or cleaned in a separate flushing phase, wherein the respective sealing element is in the open position and cleaning fluid flows into the manifold from the branch, or vice versa. In implementations where the automated beverage preparation system is an automated coffee preparation system, the configuration shown in Figure 3C depicts the manifold 100 in the process of being rinsed, cleaned, or where the displacement of fluid present in the channel is desired. In other words, the configuration shown in Figure 3C allows for retained milk or milk residue to be flushed out of the channel 220, thereby reducing any microbial levels present in the manifold, and by extension, the automated coffee preparation system. Figure 4A depicts a cross-sectional view of the configuration shown in Figure 3C, wherein first branch 230A corresponds to first integral seal 250A, second branch 230B corresponds to second integral seal 250B, and third branch 220C corresponds to third integral seal 250C. As can be seen in Figure 4, each integral seal may be deployed in the second sealing position using an external actuator 204. Branch lines 235A, 235B and 235C can also be seen in Figure 4A, each branch line corresponding to a respective one of branches 230A, 230B and 230C. Figure 4B depicts a cross-sectional view of the configuration shown in Figure 3B, wherein first branch 230A corresponds to first integral seal 250A, second branch 230B corresponds to second integral seal 250B, and third branch 230C corresponds to third integral seal 250C. As can be seen in Figure 4, the first integral seal 250A and the third integral seal 250C may be deployed in the second sealing position using corresponding external actuators 204. Branch lines 235A, 235B and 235C can also be seen in Figure 4B, each branch line corresponding to a respective one of branches 230A, 230B and 230C. The second integral seal 250B is deployed in the open position, allowing fluid communication between second branch 230B, and thus second branch line 235B, and the channel 220. Figure 4C depicts a further configuration of the manifold 200, wherein the first integral seal 250A is deployed in the open position, and the second integral seal 250B and the third integral seal 250C are deployed in the second sealing position. Deploying first integral seal 250A in the open position allows fluid communication between first branch 230A and the channel 220, while deploying the second integral seal 250B and the third integral seal 250C in the second sealing position prevents fluid communication between the second branch 230B and the third branch 230C, and the channel 220. In this way, fluid flowing from (e.g. extracted from) the first branch 230A, and thus the first branch line 235A, to the channel 220 and towards outlet 260, does not enter either of the other branches 230B or 230C. In this way, crosscontamination of fluid sources is prevented. Additionally, the sealing of the other branches 230B and 230C in this manner prevents the formation of dead-legs in each branch, thus reducing retention of residual fluid in the manifold. Figure 4D depicts a further configuration of manifold 200, wherein third integral seal 250C is deployed in the open position, and first integral seal 250A and second integral seal 250B are deployed in the second sealing position. Deploying the third integral seal 250C in the open position allows for fluid communication between the third branch 230C and the channel 220, while deploying the first integral seal 250A and the second integral seal 250B in the second sealing position prevents fluid communication between the branches 230A and 230B, and the channel 220. In this way, fluid flowing from (for example extracted from) the third branch 230C to the channel 220, towards the outlet 260, does not enter either of the other branches 230A or 230B, and thus does not enter either of the corresponding branch lines 235A or 235B. In this way, cross-contamination of fluid sources is prevented. Additionally, the sealing of the branches 230A and 230B in the claimed manner prevent the formation of dead-legs in each branch, thus reducing retention of residual fluid in the manifold. The configuration of the claimed liquid distribution manifold in Figures 3A-C and 4A-D is merely an exemplary implementation, and it is envisaged that many other configurations and implementations are also possible. For example, in other implementations, the liquid distribution manifold may comprise one branch 130, one branch opening 140 and one integral seal 150. In other implementations, the liquid distribution manifold may comprise a plurality of branches 130, branch openings 140, and integral seals 150, for example two, three, four, five, six or more such branches 130, branch openings 140 and integral seals 150. Figures 5A-E illustrate an exemplary mode of operation for the manifold 300, wherein the manifold 300 is configured for use in an automated coffee preparation system. In Figure 5A, the channel 320 contains water, and the branch lines 335A, 335B and 335C contain respective milks from their corresponding milk sources. As shown, the integral seals 350A, 350B and 350C are in the second sealing position, thus the branches 330A, 330B, 330C and branch lines 335A, 335B and 335C are not in fluid communication with the channel 320. The automated coffee preparation system is typically configured in the manner shown in Figure 5A when not in use (for example between beverage preparations). As depicted in Figure 5B, water is flushed through the inlet 310, into the channel 320, displacing the water already in the channel out of the outlet 360. The inlet 310 may comprise a pinch valve, and the opening of the pinch valve may cause the flow of water through the inlet 310 and into the channel 320. The displaced water may be transported to an upstream system, such as a heating, foaming or texturing system, and may be expelled as wastewater via the upstream system. As shown, integral seals 350A, 350B and 350C remain in the second sealing position, thus the branches 330A, 330B, 330C and branch lines 335A, 335B, 335C are not in fluid communication with the channel 320. In implementations where there is at least one integral seal 350, Figure 5B depicts a method for flushing fluid through the manifold 300. Such a method comprises sealing the at least one branch opening corresponding to the at least one integral seal by moving the at least one integral seal from the first open position to the second open position, and then displacing fluid from the inlet to the outlet of the channel. The fluid entering the channel through the inlet can thus flow around the at least one integral seal in the second sealing position, and out of the outlet 360. As shown in Figure 5C, integral seal 350B is then deployed in the open position. For example, integral seal 350B may be moved from the sealed to the open position via the external actuator 304B. Branch 330B is then in fluid communication with channel 320. Milk from branch 330B displaces any water remaining in channel 320, with the displaced water flowing around the integral seal 350C and out through outlet 360. This displaced water may be transported to an upstream system, such as a heating, foaming or texturing system, and may be expelled as wastewater via the upstream system. After the water in the channel 320 has been displaced, milk from branch 330B flows out of the channel 320, around the integral seal 350C and out through outlet 360, and to an upstream system to be used in beverage preparation. For example, the milk may be sent to a heating, foaming, or milk texturing system for use in beverage preparation. As soon as milk reaches the upstream system, instead of being expelled from the system, the milk is used in beverage preparation. For example, as soon as the milk reaches the heating / foaming system, the system is controlled such that the textured milk is sent to a beverage container (e.g. a coffee cup), rather than to waste. Integral seals 350A and 350C remain in the second sealing position, thus milk from branch 330B is prevented from entering branch 330A and branch 330C, preventing cross-contamination of the milk sources in fluid communication with branch lines 335A and 335C. As shown in Figure 5D, integral seal 350B is then deployed in the sealed position. For example, the integral seal 350B may be moved from the open to the sealed position via the external actuator 304B. As a result, the branch 330B is no longer in fluid communication with the channel 320. Water is then flushed through the inlet 310, into the channel 320, displacing any remaining milk in the channel out of the outlet 360. Water may be caused to flow into the channel 320 by an opening of the pinch valve of the inlet 310. Water continues to flush through the channel 320 until the water reaches an upstream system, such as a heating / foaming system, or milk texturing system, at which point the water can be sent to waste as wastewater. As shown in Figure 5E, after water has reached the upstream system, the influx of water into the channel 320 ceases, and the system is once again in the configuration shown in Figure 5A. In some implementations, the influx or flow of water into the channel 320 may be stopped by closing the pinch valve of the inlet 310. The apparatus of the invention may be deployed in a variety of scenarios where a liquid distribution apparatus is required. For example, the apparatus may be deployed in, or in connection with, a fridge inside a beverage machine, such as an automated beverage machine or vending machine. Figure 6 shows an example of an automated beverage machine 1100 for vending of hot, cool and cold beverages including coffee, tea, chocolate, flavoured beverages, milk beverages and cold / iced beverages. The machine includes a body 1102 and a door 1104 connected thereto by hinges. The body 1102 is supported on a chassis which carries, for example, a plurality of modules 1106, cup dispensers 1108 and a waste tray 1110. Modules can include for example, a brewer / grinder / boiler, heating, cooling and / or texturing devices, flavouring (including syrups), internal waste, master control system and power management. The door further carries a user interface (not shown), payment system (not shown), consumable dispensing ports and an external waste container (not shown). A fridge 1112 is provided in the base of the machine for storing liquid ingredients such as milk. An apparatus of the invention can be provided inside the fridge, or in connection with the fridge. It will be appreciated that the beverage machine shown in Figure 6 is just one example and is not intended to be limiting. Beverage machines may comprise any combination of the features shown in Figure 6 and optionally further features known in the art. The above implementations have been described by way of example only, and the described implementations and arrangements are to be considered in all respects only as illustrative and not restrictive. It will be appreciated that variations of the described implementations and arrangements may be made without departing from the scope of the invention. It is to be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. Many other implementations will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reading and understanding the above description. Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to specific example implementations, it will be recognized that the disclosure is not limited to the implementations described, but can be practiced with modification and alteration within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Accordingly, the specification and drawings are to be regarded in an illustrative sense rather than a restrictive sense. The scope of the disclosure should, therefore, be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.

Claims

1. A liquid distribution manifold for an automated beverage preparation system comprising:a channel comprising an inlet and an outlet;at least one branch configured to be in fluid communication with the channel via a branch opening in the channel; andat least one integral seal formed in the channel, wherein the integral seal is substantially aligned with the branch opening;wherein the integral seal is deployable in:a first open position, in which the branch opening provides for fluid flow between the at least one branch and the channel;anda second sealing position, in which the branch opening is sealed by the integral seal, such that the channel is configured to allow fluid flow from the inlet to the outlet around the integral seal in the second sealing position.

2. The liquid distribution manifold of claim 1, wherein the integral seal is configured to be moved between the first open position and the second sealing position by an actuator.

3. The liquid distribution manifold of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the branch opening is configured to engage with the integral seal in the second sealed position.

4. The liquid distribution manifold of claim 3, wherein the branch opening is configured to engage with the integral seal via an extended inner perimeter around the branch opening.

5. The liquid distribution manifold of any preceding claim, wherein the integral seal comprises a depressible portion of the channel.

6. The liquid distribution manifold of any preceding claim, wherein the integral seal opposes the branch opening.

7. The liquid distribution manifold of any preceding claim, wherein the manifold comprises:a plurality of branches, each branch configured to be in fluid communication with the channel via a respective branch opening in the channel; anda plurality of integral seals formed in the channel, each integral seal substantially aligned with a respective branch opening, and each integral seal deployable in:a respective first open position, in which the respective branch opening provides for fluid flow between the branch and the channel; anda respective second sealing position, wherein the respective branch opening is sealed by the integral seal;such that the channel is configured to allow fluid to flow from the inlet to the outlet around one or more of the integral seals in the respective second sealing positions.

8. The liquid distribution manifold of claim 7, wherein each integral seal comprises the features of any of claims 2, 3, 5 or 6, and / or wherein each branch opening comprises the features of claim 4.

9. The liquid distribution manifold of claim 7 or claim 8, wherein the manifold comprises three branches.

10. The liquid distribution manifold of any preceding claim, wherein the manifold is formed in one integral piece.

11. The liquid distribution manifold of any of claims 1 to 9, wherein the at least one integral seal is adhered to the channel.

12. The liquid distribution manifold of any preceding claim, wherein the manifold is formed of an elastomeric material.

13. The liquid distribution manifold of claim 12, wherein the manifold is formed of silicone.

14. The liquid distribution manifold of any preceding claim, wherein the inlet comprises a pinch valve.

15. The liquid distribution manifold of any of claims 1 to 14, wherein the inlet and / or the outlet comprise one of an integral or adjacent isolation valve.

16. The liquid distribution manifold of any preceding claim, wherein the branch opening provides for fluid flow from the at least one branch to the channel in the first open position of the at least one integral seal.

17. A system for dispensing liquid comprising the liquid distribution manifold of any preceding claim, and at least one actuator configured to move the at least one integral seal between the first open position and the second sealed position.

18. The system of claim 17, wherein the actuator comprises a spring-loaded solenoid.

19. The system of claim 17, wherein the liquid distribution manifold is the liquid distribution manifold of any of claims 7 to 16, further comprising:a plurality of actuators, each actuator configured to move a respective integral seal between a respective first open position and a respective second sealed position.

20. The system of any of claims 17 to 19, wherein the system is an automated beverage preparation system or is deployed within an automated beverage preparation machine.

21. A method for flushing fluid through the liquid distribution manifold of any of claims 1 to 16, comprising:sealing the first branch opening by moving the at least one integral seal from the first open position to the second sealed position; and displacing fluid from the inlet to the outlet of the channel.

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