Building

Abstract

To provide a building capable of transferring horizontal forces during earthquakes and strong winds while absorbing thermal expansion and contraction between two frames.SOLUTION: A building 10 has a steel-framed first horizontal frame 12A, a steel-framed second horizontal frame 12B that is laterally spaced from the first horizontal frame 12A, a beam 20 with a thermal expansion and contraction absorption mechanism 30 that connects the first horizontal frame 12A and the second horizontal frame 12B, and a horizontal brace 40 with a velocity-dependent resistance mechanism 50, that connects the first horizontal frame 12A and the second horizontal frame 12B.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to buildings. [Background technology]

[0002] The following Patent Document 1 shows a steel frame joint structure that can absorb expansion and contraction of the steel frame in the longitudinal direction due to temperature changes and can restrict movement of the steel frame in any direction other than the longitudinal direction. In this steel frame joint structure, a long pin hole is provided in the steel frame support metal provided on the main girder, and a restricting pin provided on the secondary girder is inserted into this pin hole, allowing the secondary girder to move in the longitudinal direction. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2016-69889 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] According to the steel frame joint structure of Patent Document 1, when the sub-beam expands or contracts thermally, the thermal expansion can be absorbed and the stress generated at the joint between the main beam and the sub-beam can be reduced. However, with this structure, it is difficult for the restricting pin to provide shear resistance even if a horizontal force is applied during an earthquake or strong wind. Therefore, it is difficult to transmit the horizontal force. Therefore, for example, if two structures are placed at a distance from each other and only this type of joint structure is used, while thermal expansion and contraction between the two structures can be absorbed, it will be difficult to transmit horizontal forces during earthquakes or strong winds.

[0005] In consideration of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a building that can transmit horizontal forces during earthquakes or strong winds while absorbing thermal expansion and contraction between two frames. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The building of claim 1 comprises a first horizontal frame made of steel, a second horizontal frame made of steel arranged at a laterally spaced interval from the first horizontal frame, a beam equipped with a thermal expansion absorption mechanism connecting the first horizontal frame and the second horizontal frame, and a horizontal brace equipped with a velocity-dependent resistance mechanism connecting the first horizontal frame and the second horizontal frame.

[0007] The building of claim 1 has a first horizontal frame and a second horizontal frame made of steel that are spaced apart from each other. The first horizontal frame and the second horizontal frame are connected by beams and horizontal braces.

[0008] Of these, the beams are provided with a thermal expansion absorption mechanism, so that even if the steel members forming the first horizontal frame and the second horizontal frame or the beams themselves undergo thermal expansion, the thermal expansion is absorbed.

[0009] The horizontal braces are also equipped with a speed-dependent resistance mechanism. The speed-dependent resistance mechanism has low resistance when the horizontal braces are displaced at a slow speed due to thermal expansion or the like, and can follow the displacement. Therefore, even if the steel members that form the first and second horizontal frames or the horizontal braces themselves undergo thermal expansion, the thermal expansion is absorbed.

[0010] In this way, the thermal expansion and contraction of the first and second horizontal frames can be absorbed by the thermal expansion and contraction absorption mechanism and the speed-dependent resistance mechanism. In addition, the generation of stress in these frames can be suppressed, so fatigue fracture of the frame components and joints due to repeated temperature stress can be suppressed.

[0011] Furthermore, the velocity-dependent resistance mechanism can exert a large resistance force when displacing at a high speed, and therefore can resist the horizontal forces acting on the first horizontal frame and the second horizontal frame during earthquakes and strong winds.

[0012] In other words, in this embodiment, it is difficult to resist thermal expansion and contraction of the first and second horizontal frames, and it is possible to transmit force by exerting resistance to deformation during earthquakes and strong winds. Therefore, for example, it is not necessary to handle earthquake forces in each of the first and second horizontal frames, and the structure is highly rational.

[0013] The building of claim 2 is the building described in claim 1, further comprising a beam connecting plate connected to the first horizontal structure or the second horizontal structure, and the thermal expansion absorption mechanism has a long hole provided in either the beam or the beam connecting plate, and a bolt inserted into the long hole to connect the beam and the beam connecting plate.

[0014] In the building of claim 2, the thermal expansion absorption mechanism is formed with a long hole and a bolt inserted into the long hole. By forming a long hole with a width corresponding to the thermal expansion width, thermal expansion can be easily absorbed.

[0015] The building of claim 3 is the building of claim 1 or 2, further comprising two brace connection plates joined to at least one of the first horizontal frame and the second horizontal frame and arranged with a gap between them, and the rate-dependent resistance mechanism includes a long hole provided in the horizontal brace at a position sandwiched between the two brace connection plates, a bolt inserted into the long hole to join the horizontal brace and the two brace connection plates, and a viscous body filled between the two brace connection plates and in which the long hole is immersed.

[0016] In the building of claim 3, the velocity-dependent resistance mechanism is formed with a long hole, a bolt inserted into the long hole, and a viscous body. By forming a long hole with a width corresponding to the thermal expansion width, the thermal expansion can be easily absorbed.

[0017] In addition, when the first horizontal frame and the second horizontal frame are displaced at high speed due to an earthquake, strong winds, or the like, the vibration can be damped by viscous resistance. Effect of the Invention

[0018] According to the present invention, it is possible to transmit horizontal forces during earthquakes or strong winds while absorbing thermal expansion and contraction between two frames. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0019] [Figure 1]FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a horizontal frame of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] 1 is an enlarged plan view showing the ends of beams and horizontal braces connecting a first horizontal frame and a second horizontal frame in a building according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. [Diagram 3] 3A is a view taken along line 3A-3A in FIG. 2, showing a thermal expansion / contraction absorbing mechanism, and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. [Figure 4] 4A is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4A-4A in FIG. 2, showing the velocity-dependent resistance mechanism, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. [Diagram 5] 1 is a graph showing the relationship between strain and stress according to the displacement speed of a viscous body. [Figure 6] (A) is a cross-sectional view showing an example of using an oil damper as a velocity-dependent resistance mechanism, (B) is a cross-sectional view showing an example of using a damping top as a velocity-dependent resistance mechanism, (C) is a cross-sectional view showing an example of using a viscous damper as a velocity-dependent resistance mechanism, and (D) is a cross-sectional view along line DD in (C). DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0020] Hereinafter, a building according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Components indicated by the same reference numerals in each drawing are the same components. However, unless otherwise specified in the specification, each component is not limited to one, and may be present in multiple numbers.

[0021] In addition, explanations of configurations and symbols that are duplicated in each drawing may be omitted. Note that the present disclosure is not limited to the following embodiments, and may be implemented by making appropriate modifications, such as omitting configurations, replacing them with different configurations, or combining one embodiment and various modified examples, within the scope of the purpose of the present disclosure.

[0022] In each drawing, the directions indicated by the arrows X and Y are directions along a horizontal plane and are perpendicular to each other. The direction indicated by the arrow Z is a direction along the vertical direction (up and down direction). The directions indicated by the arrows X, Y, and Z in each drawing are assumed to be mutually consistent.

[0023] (building) The building 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention is a structure formed by connecting a first building 10A and a second building 10B that are spaced apart from each other. The first buildings 10A and 10B are both steel-framed buildings, and the framework that forms the roof of each building (the framework as the structural member of the building 10) is formed by a first horizontal framework 12A made of steel and a second horizontal framework 12B made of steel.

[0024] Both the first horizontal frame 12A and the second horizontal frame 12B are configured to include steel beams 16 and horizontal braces 18. The steel beams 16 are beams that are spanned across the steel columns 14, and are arranged along the X and Y directions. The horizontal braces 18 are diagonal members that are spanned diagonally across the horizontal structural surface surrounded by the four steel beams 16.

[0025] The first horizontal frame 12A and the second horizontal frame 12B are connected to each other by beams 20 and horizontal braces 40. As described below, the beams 20 and the horizontal braces 40 absorb thermal expansion and contraction of the first horizontal frame 12A and the second horizontal frame 12B, and can transmit stress between the first horizontal frame 12A and the second horizontal frame 12B during earthquakes or strong winds.

[0026] Vertical braces 19 are provided on the periphery of the building 10. The vertical braces 19 are earthquake-resistant elements that are placed on the structural plane surrounded by the steel columns 14 and steel beams 16. The vertical braces 19 are placed in a well-balanced manner on the periphery of the building 10. This results in a rational frame with little eccentricity.

[0027] The first horizontal frame 12A and the second horizontal frame 12B may be formed on each floor below the roof of the building 10. In this case, the first horizontal frame 12A and the second horizontal frame 12B on the lower floor can also be connected by beams 20 and horizontal braces 40. Furthermore, these beams 20 and horizontal braces 40 can each be equipped with a thermal expansion and contraction absorption mechanism 30 and a speed-dependent resistance mechanism 50, which will be described later.

[0028] (beam) Fig. 2 shows an enlarged plan view of the beam-column joint J shown in Fig. 1. The beam 20 is an H-shaped steel beam having a web 22 and a flange 24, and the web 22 is connected to a beam joint plate 26 fixed to the second horizontal frame 12B.

[0029] 2, the beam connection plate 26 is connected to the steel column 14. The steel beams 16 forming the first horizontal frame 12A are connected to each other via the steel column 14. Similarly, the steel beams 16 forming the second horizontal frame 12B are also connected to each other via the steel column 14. In the present invention, the "beam connection plate connected to the first horizontal frame or the second horizontal frame" also includes the beam connection plate 26 connected to the steel column 14.

[0030] (Thermal expansion and contraction absorption mechanism) The beam 20 is provided with a thermal expansion absorbing mechanism 30 shown in Figures 3(A) and (B). The thermal expansion absorbing mechanism 30 is formed with a long hole 32, a bolt 34A, and a nut 34B.

[0031] The long hole 32 is a through hole provided in the web 22 of the beam 20, and is formed in a horizontally elongated shape as an oval along the longitudinal direction of the beam 20. The beam joint plate 26 is formed with a through hole 36 corresponding to the diameter of the bolt 34A. The through hole 36 is not a long hole.

[0032] The bolt 34A is inserted through the long hole 32 and the through hole 36, and screwed into the nut 34B to join the beam 20 and the beam connection plate 26. The bolt 34A and the nut 34B are screwed into each other while sandwiching the web 22 of the beam 20 and the beam connection plate 26, joining the web 22 and the beam connection plate 26 to be movable relative to each other along the long axis direction of the long hole 32.

[0033] In this embodiment, the long hole 32 is formed in the web 22 of the beam 20, and the through hole 36 is formed in the beam joint plate 26, but these may be interchanged. That is, the long hole 32 may be formed in the beam joint plate 26, and the through hole 36 may be formed in the web 22 of the beam 20.

[0034] (Horizontal brace) 2, the horizontal brace 40 includes a brace body 42 formed using rod-shaped steel, angle members, channel members, H-shaped steel members, etc., and a shuttlecock 44. The shuttlecock 44 is a flat steel plate fixed to both ends of the brace body 42, and is connected to the brace connection plate 28 fixed to the second horizontal frame 12B.

[0035] 2, the brace connection plate 28 is connected to the steel column 14. As with the beam connection plate 26, the "brace connection plate connected to the first horizontal frame or the second horizontal frame" in the present invention also includes the brace connection plate 28 connected to the steel column 14.

[0036] As shown in Fig. 4(A), the brace connection plates 28 are arranged so that the in-plane direction is along the horizontal direction, and two plates are arranged with a gap between them in the vertical direction. The end of the shuttlecock 44 of the horizontal brace 40 is arranged between the two brace connection plates 28.

[0037] (Speed-dependent resistance mechanism) The horizontal brace 40 is provided with a velocity-dependent resistance mechanism 50 shown in Figures 4(A) and (B). The velocity-dependent resistance mechanism 50 is formed with a long hole 52, a bolt 54A, a nut 54B, a sealing wall 56, and a viscous body G.

[0038] When the substance enclosed inside the viscous body G is displaced at a slow speed, the stress generated is small and the resistance to the displacement of the substance is small, as shown by the curve K1 in Fig. 5. On the other hand, the faster the substance enclosed inside is displaced, the greater the stress generated is, as shown by the curves K2 and K3, and the greater the resistance to the displacement of the substance. The speed-dependent resistance mechanism 50 is a vibration reduction mechanism in which the resistance changes depending on the speed due to the viscous body G.

[0039] 4(A) and (B), the long hole 52 is a through hole provided in the shuttlecock 44 of the horizontal brace 40, and is formed in a horizontally elongated shape along the longitudinal direction of the horizontal brace 40. The two brace connection plates 28 each have a through hole 58 formed therein that corresponds to the diameter of the bolt 54A. The through hole 58 is not a long hole.

[0040] The bolt 54A is inserted through the long hole 52 and the through hole 58 and screwed into the nut 54B to join the horizontal brace 40 and the brace connection plate 28. The bolt 54A and the nut 54B are screwed into each other while sandwiching the two brace connection plates 28 arranged above and below the shuttlecock 44 of the horizontal brace 40, joining the shuttlecock 44 and the brace connection plate 28 so that they can move relatively along the long axis direction of the long hole 52.

[0041] The sealing wall 56 is a wall body that spans the two brace connecting plates 28. The area surrounded by the two brace connecting plates 28 and the sealing wall 56 is filled with a viscous material G. The long hole 52 of the shuttlecock 44 is immersed in the viscous material G. In other words, the portion of the shuttlecock 44 where the long hole 52 is formed is immersed in the viscous material G.

[0042] A through hole 56A is formed in the sealing wall 56. The through hole 56A is a through hole through which the shuttlecock 44 of the horizontal brace 40 is inserted. Watertightness is ensured between the through hole 56A and the shuttlecock 44 so that the viscous body G does not leak to the outside when the shuttlecock 44 moves.

[0043] <Action and Effects> 1, in a building 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, a first horizontal frame 12A and a second horizontal frame 12B made of steel are arranged at an interval. The first horizontal frame 12A and the second horizontal frame 12B are connected by a beam 20 and a horizontal brace 40.

[0044] Of these, the beam 20 is provided with a thermal expansion absorption mechanism 30. Therefore, even if the steel members (steel beams 16 and horizontal braces 18) forming the first horizontal frame 12A and the second horizontal frame 12B or the beam 20 itself undergo thermal expansion, the thermal expansion is absorbed.

[0045] The horizontal brace 40 is also equipped with a velocity-dependent resistance mechanism 50. The velocity-dependent resistance mechanism 50 has low resistance force and can follow the displacement when displacement occurs at a slow speed due to thermal contraction or the like, due to the action of the viscous body G. Therefore, even if the steel members (steel beams 16 and horizontal brace 18) forming the first horizontal frame 12A and the second horizontal frame 12B or the horizontal brace 40 itself undergo thermal expansion and contraction, the thermal expansion and contraction is absorbed.

[0046] In this way, the thermal expansion and contraction of the first horizontal frame 12A and the second horizontal frame 12B can be absorbed by the thermal expansion and contraction absorption mechanism 30 and the speed-dependent resistance mechanism 50. In addition, since the generation of stress in these frames can be suppressed, fatigue fracture of the frame components and joints due to repeated temperature stress can be suppressed.

[0047] Furthermore, the speed-dependent resistance mechanism 50 can exert a large resistance force when displacing at a high speed, and therefore can resist the horizontal force acting on the first horizontal frame 12A and the second horizontal frame 12B during an earthquake or strong wind.

[0048] That is, in this embodiment, the first horizontal frame 12A and the second horizontal frame 12B are unlikely to resist thermal expansion and contraction, and are capable of transmitting force by exerting resistance to deformation during earthquakes and strong winds. Therefore, for example, there is no need for the first horizontal frame 12A and the second horizontal frame 12B to handle earthquake forces separately, and the structure is highly rational.

[0049] 3(A) and (B), in the building 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the thermal expansion absorption mechanism 30 is formed with an oblong hole 32 and a bolt 34A inserted into the oblong hole 32. By forming the oblong hole 32 with a width corresponding to the thermal expansion width, the thermal expansion can be easily absorbed.

[0050] 4(A) and 4(B), in the building 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention, a velocity-dependent resistance mechanism 50 is formed including a long hole 52, a bolt 54A inserted through the long hole 52, and a viscous body G. By forming the long hole 52 with a width corresponding to the thermal expansion width, the thermal expansion can be easily absorbed.

[0051] In addition, when the first horizontal frame 12A and the second horizontal frame 12B are displaced at high speed due to an earthquake, strong wind, or the like, the vibration can be damped by viscous resistance.

[0052] <Other embodiments> In the above embodiment, the building 10 is described as a structure formed by connecting the first building 10A and the second building 10B, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the building 10 may be formed as a single building.

[0053] In such a case, the horizontal structure forming the rooftop can be formed using a first horizontal structure 12A and a second horizontal structure 12B arranged at a distance from each other in the horizontal direction, and each structure can be connected by a beam 20, a thermal expansion absorption mechanism 30, a horizontal brace 40, and a speed-dependent resistance mechanism 50.

[0054] Moreover, the first horizontal frame 12A and the second horizontal frame 12B do not necessarily have to form a frame as a structural member of the building 10. For example, the first horizontal frame 12A and the second horizontal frame 12B may form an equipment rack, a pergola, or the like installed on the roof of the building 10.

[0055] In the above embodiment, the beam connection plate 26 and the brace connection plate 28 are connected to the second horizontal frame 12B, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. The beam connection plate 26 and the brace connection plate 28 may be connected to the first horizontal frame 12A, or may be connected to both the first horizontal frame 12A and the second horizontal frame 12B.

[0056] In addition, a thermal expansion absorption mechanism 30 and a speed-dependent resistance mechanism 50 can be provided in the portions where the beam connection plate 26 and the brace connection plate 28 are provided, respectively.

[0057] In the above embodiment, the thermal expansion absorption mechanism 30 includes the long hole 32, the bolt 34A, and the nut 34B, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the thermal expansion absorption mechanism may be a sliding bearing that allows horizontal displacement of the beam 20.

[0058] Also, the thermal expansion absorption mechanism 30 may be replaced with a speed-dependent resistance mechanism 50. That is, the thermal expansion absorption mechanism 30 may be provided with a speed-dependent vibration damping function, and the thermal expansion absorption mechanism in the present invention includes a speed-dependent resistance mechanism.

[0059] In the above embodiment, the speed-dependent resistance mechanism 50 includes the long hole 52, the bolt 54A, the nut 54B, the sealing wall 56, and the viscous body G, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this.

[0060] For example, an oil damper 60 shown in Fig. 6(A) may be used as the velocity-dependent resistance mechanism. The oil damper 60 includes a piston 62 and a rod 64. As an example, the piston 62 is fixed to the tip of the horizontal brace 40, and the rod 64 is fixed to the first horizontal frame 12A or the second horizontal frame 12B (not shown).

[0061] The piston 62 is movable laterally while in contact with the inner peripheral wall of the rod 64. The piston 62 is formed with a through hole 62A penetrating in the movement direction. The inside of the rod 64 is filled with hydraulic oil as a viscous body G. As the piston 62 moves, the hydraulic oil moves from the front side to the rear side in the advancing direction of the piston 62 through the through hole 62A.

[0062] Various configurations can be adopted as the vibration damping mechanism using the viscous material G. For example, the damping top 70 shown in Fig. 6(B) may be used. In the damping top 70, the viscous material G is enclosed between an outer cylinder 72 and an inner cylinder 74. As an example, the damping top 70 is fixed to the first horizontal frame 12A or the second horizontal frame 12B (not shown), and a rotary ball screw 76 is formed at the tip of the horizontal brace 40.

[0063] In the damping top 70, the axial displacement of the horizontal brace 40 that occurs during earthquakes or strong winds is converted into a rotational displacement of the inner tube 74 via a rotary ball screw 76, and a viscous damping force is exerted by the viscous resistance of the viscous body G against the rotational displacement.

[0064] 6(C) and (D) may be used as a vibration damping mechanism using a viscous body G. The viscous body damper 80 is formed with two outer plates 82A and an inner plate 84 sandwiched between the outer plates 82A. As an example, the two outer plates 82A are formed at the tip of the horizontal brace 40 and form the wall of a housing 82 with an open top.

[0065] The inside of the housing 82 is filled with a viscous material G, and the inner plate 84 is immersed in the material. The inner plate 84 is integrally formed with a top plate 86 that constitutes a lid for the housing 82. The top plate 86 is fixed to the first horizontal frame 12A or the second horizontal frame 12B (not shown). A watertight seal is ensured between the housing 82 and the top plate 86 so that the viscous material G does not leak out when the housing 82 and the top plate 86 are displaced relative to each other.

[0066] Furthermore, a mechanical locking mechanism (not shown) may be used as the speed-dependent resistance mechanism. As the mechanical locking mechanism, a mechanism that does not lock for low-speed displacement but locks for high-speed displacement (such as a seat belt locking mechanism) can be used. When using such a locking mechanism, the axial displacement of the horizontal brace 40 is converted into a rotational displacement, and the locking mechanism is activated and deactivated depending on the magnitude of the centrifugal force. In this way, the present invention can be embodied in various forms. [Explanation of symbols]

[0067] 10. Building 12A First horizontal frame 12B Second horizontal frame 20 beams 26 Beam connection plate 28 Brace connection plate 30 Thermal expansion and contraction absorption mechanism 32 long hole 34A Volts 34B Nut 40 Horizontal brace 50 Speed ​​dependent resistance mechanism 52 long hole 54A Volts 54B Nut 60 Oil damper (velocity-dependent resistance mechanism) 70 Damping Top (Speed-Dependent Resistance Mechanism) 80 Viscous damper (velocity-dependent resistance mechanism) G viscous body

Claims

1. The first horizontal structure is made of steel. A second horizontal frame made of a steel frame and arranged at a distance from the first horizontal frame in the horizontal direction; A beam having a thermal expansion and contraction absorbing mechanism that connects the first horizontal frame and the second horizontal frame; A horizontal brace having a velocity-dependent resistance mechanism that connects the first horizontal frame and the second horizontal frame; A building having:

2. A beam connection plate connected to the first horizontal frame or the second horizontal frame is provided, The thermal expansion and contraction absorbing mechanism is A long hole provided in either the beam or the beam joining plate; A bolt is inserted into the long hole to join the beam and the beam joining plate; having The building according to claim 1.

3. Two brace connection plates are connected to at least one of the first horizontal frame and the second horizontal frame and arranged with a gap between them, The velocity-dependent resistance mechanism is A long hole provided in the horizontal brace at a position sandwiched between the two brace connection plates; A bolt is inserted into the long hole to connect the horizontal brace and the two brace connection plates; A viscous body filled between the two brace connection plates and immersing the long hole; having 3. A building according to claim 1 or 2.

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