Building structure and building structure design method

Abstract

To provide a building structure and a method for designing a building structure that can suppress effects of temperature changes during building use on a seismic isolation layer.SOLUTION: A cold storage warehouse 10 comprises a seismic isolation layer 102 with seismic isolation devices 20 between a lower foundation 11 and an upper foundation 12, and an upper structure 10a with a storage space 101 above the upper foundation 12 by a floor slab 15. Different types of seismic isolation devices 20 are arranged according to distribution of deformation of the upper structure 10a in response to temperature changes in the storage space.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a building structure such as a refrigerated warehouse equipped with a seismic isolation device and a method for designing the building structure. [Background technology]

[0002] Frozen and refrigerated goods are stored in a refrigerated warehouse that is cooled to a low temperature of 10°C or less. When the interior of the refrigerated warehouse is cooled after the construction is completed, the cold air lowers the building components, causing the entire upper structure to shrink. However, the lower foundation, which is the lower structure, is always exposed to the outside air, so it remains at room temperature and hardly shrinks due to temperature. As a result, the seismic isolation device installed between the lower structure and the upper structure becomes deformed. Therefore, in order to absorb stress and deformation, a building configuration of a refrigerated warehouse using a seismic isolation device has been considered (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The refrigerated / cold storage warehouse with a seismic isolation structure described in Patent Document 1 has a seismic isolation device installed between the lower structure and the upper structure. The seismic isolation device is connected to the lower foundation structure via a connecting member. In this case, the connecting member is made movable relative to the lower foundation structure in the horizontal direction before cooling. After cooling, the connecting member is rigidly connected to the lower foundation structure.

[0003] Furthermore, in seismic isolation structures, technology is being considered in which two or more different types of seismic isolation devices are installed between the superstructure and the substructure (see, for example, Patent Document 2). The method described in Patent Document 2 involves interposing laminated rubber between the superstructure and the substructure, and installing rolling bearings around the laminated rubber that function as a fail-safe mechanism to restrain excessive deformation. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] JP 2018-105073 A [Patent Document 2] JP 2012-229786 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] In the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, the connecting member is configured to be movable relative to the lower foundation structure before and during cooling in response to the thermal contraction deformation of the upper structure due to cooling. However, it was difficult to carry out construction taking into account the effects of heat. For example, if cooling is interrupted after the connecting member is rigidly connected to the lower foundation structure, there is a possibility that the seismic isolation device in the seismic isolation layer will not be able to function. In Patent Document 2, the aim is to suppress excessive deformation during earthquakes, etc., so the thermal contraction deformation of the upper structure is not taken into account. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The building structure that solves the above problem has a seismic isolation layer with seismic isolation devices between the lower foundation and the upper foundation of the building, and a superstructure with a storage space provided above the upper foundation via a floor slab. Different types of seismic isolation devices are arranged according to the distribution of deformation of the superstructure in response to temperature changes in the storage space.

[0007] A design method for a building structure that solves the above problem is a design method for a building structure having a seismic isolation layer with a seismic isolation device provided between the lower foundation and the upper foundation of a building, and a superstructure with a storage space provided above the upper foundation via a floor slab, and calculates the distribution of deformation of the superstructure in response to temperature changes in the storage space, and arranges different types of seismic isolation devices in the seismic isolation layer depending on the distribution of deformation. Effect of the Invention

[0008] According to the present invention, the impact of temperature changes during use of a building on the seismic isolation layer can be suppressed. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an entire building having a building structure according to an embodiment. [Diagram 2]1A is an explanatory diagram of a seismic isolation device according to an embodiment, in which (a) is an elastic sliding bearing, (b) is a laminated rubber bearing, and (c) is a linear motion rolling bearing. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a design method according to an embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the arrangement of a seismic isolation device according to an embodiment. [Diagram 5] FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of changes in a building during cooling in an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0010] Hereinafter, an embodiment that embodies a building structure and a design method for a building structure will be described with reference to Figs. 1 to 5. Here, an F1 class refrigerated warehouse 10 with a temperature of around -25°C (less than -20°C to -30°C) is assumed as the building structure. This refrigerated warehouse 10 is, for example, a three-story building with a size of approximately 350m x approximately 100m. Furthermore, this refrigerated warehouse is constructed with a seismic isolation structure having a seismic isolation layer with a seismic isolation device provided between the lower foundation and the upper foundation.

[0011] (Refrigerated Warehouse Structure) As shown in Fig. 1, the refrigerated warehouse 10 includes an upper structure 10a having a storage space 101 for storing frozen goods and the like by cooling the space to approximately -25°C. The upper structure 10a is supported by a foundation F1.

[0012] The upper structure 10a has an upper foundation 12, beam members 13, column members 14a and 14b, and a floor slab 15. Column members 14a and 14b are erected on the upper foundation 12, and a floor slab 15 is provided between the column members 14a and 14b. The column member 14a is disposed on the outer periphery of the refrigerated warehouse 10, and the column member 14b is disposed inside the refrigerated warehouse 10.

[0013] The foundation F1 includes a lower foundation 11 and an upper foundation 12. The lower foundation 11 includes a lower structure 11a that protrudes upward immediately below the pillar members 14a, 14b of the refrigerated warehouse 10. The upper foundation 12 has a foundation beam 12b and an upper structure 12a.

[0014] The upper structure 12a is provided to protrude downward so as to face the lower structure 11a. The seismic isolation layer 102 between the lower structure 11a and the upper structure 12a is provided with a seismic isolation device 20. In this embodiment, as described later, different types of seismic isolation devices, such as an elastic sliding bearing, a laminated rubber bearing, and a linear motion rolling bearing, are used as the seismic isolation device 20. Here, each type of seismic isolation device has a different seismic isolation performance (tolerance of normal deformation).

[0015] Furthermore, the side surfaces and the underside of the bottom of the upper foundation 12, except for the areas where the seismic isolation device 20 abuts, are covered with heat insulating material. Note that the heat insulating material is omitted in the drawings. Specifically, side heat insulating material is arranged on the outer periphery of the side surfaces of the upper structure 12a of the upper foundation 12. Here, no heat insulating material is arranged on the underside of the upper structure 12a that abuts against the seismic isolation device 20. Also, the underside of the floor slab 15 is covered with heat insulating material to provide a heat insulating layer. This heat insulating layer enables structural calculations to be performed that cause the upper structure 10a to shrink evenly as a whole.

[0016] Furthermore, heat insulating materials are arranged on the outer periphery of the foundation beam 12b. Specifically, a continuous side heat insulating material and a bottom heat insulating material are provided on the side and bottom surfaces of the foundation beam 12b. For example, extruded expanded polystyrene foam such as Styrofoam (registered trademark) can be used as these heat insulating materials. It is also possible to spray heat insulating materials such as hard urethane foam and rock wool. The floor slab 15 of the first floor includes a slab body (not shown) and an underfloor heat insulating member (not shown). The slab body is made of reinforced concrete and constitutes almost the entire surface of the floor slab 15 of the first floor, and its upper surface becomes the floor surface of the first floor. The underfloor heat insulating member is a heat insulating material arranged to cover the underside (lower surface and side surface) of the slab body. The outer periphery of the lower part of the pillar members 14a, 14b is also covered with a heat insulating material.

[0017] (Seismic isolation device) As shown in Fig. 2(a), the elastic sliding bearing 210 is composed of a sliding plate 211, a laminated rubber part 212, and an upper flange 213. The sliding plate 211 is fixed to the lower structure 11a. The laminated rubber part 212 is fixed to the upper structure 12a via the upper flange 213. During a small-amplitude earthquake, only the laminated rubber part 212 deforms, and when the amplitude increases, slip occurs between the laminated rubber part 212 and the sliding plate 211, allowing it to follow large shaking during a large earthquake.

[0018] As shown in Fig. 2(b), the laminated rubber bearing 220 is composed of a laminated rubber part 222 fixed between a lower flange 221 and an upper flange 223. The lower flange 221 and the upper flange 223 are fixed to the lower structure 11a and the upper structure 12a, respectively. The laminated rubber part 222 is composed of multiple layers of natural rubber and steel plates, and is integrated by covering the outer periphery with rubber. While it is hard and hardly deforms in the vertical direction, the laminated rubber part 222 deforms in the horizontal direction, reducing swaying.

[0019] As shown in Fig. 2(c), the linear motion rolling bearing 230 includes a lower plate 231, a lower linear rail 232, a linear block 233, an upper linear rail 234, and an upper plate 235. The lower plate 231 and the upper plate 235 are fixed to the lower structure 11a and the upper structure 12a, respectively. The lower linear rail 232 and the upper linear rail 234 are combined in a cross shape, intersecting at right angles at positions of different heights. The linear block 233 has a circulation mechanism for steel balls, and slides in any direction along the lower linear rail 232 and the upper linear rail 234.

[0020] (Design method) Next, the design method will be described with reference to FIG. First, the structure of the cold storage warehouse is designed (step S11). Specifically, the columns, beams, and foundations of the upper structure 10a of the cold storage warehouse 10 are designed using desired structural materials. Here, the upper structure 10a at room temperature is designed. For example, BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology is used for this design.

[0021] Next, a cooling simulation is performed (step S12). A simulation is performed in which the inside of the upper structure 10a of the refrigerated warehouse 10 is cooled to a predetermined temperature (for example, about -25°C). In this case, the deformation amount of the upper structure 10a during cooling is calculated according to the contraction rate and structure of the structural material of the upper structure 10a. For this simulation, FEM (finite element method) is used.

[0022] Next, a distribution of shrinkage levels is generated (step S13). A distribution is generated in which the change in position (shrinkage levels) of the upper structure 12a is mapped according to the deformation amount of the upper foundation 12 of the foundation F1 by a simulation during cooling.

[0023] Next, the seismic isolation device is arranged according to the contraction level (step S14). Here, the total rubber thickness of the elastic sliding bearing 210 and laminated rubber bearing 220 is obtained. Then, 25% of the total rubber thickness of the elastic sliding bearing 210 and laminated rubber bearing 220 is specified as the allowable length of each. That is, in order to prevent breakage, the elastic sliding bearing 210 and laminated rubber bearing 220 that use rubber are not used in places where the constant horizontal deformation exceeds 25% of the total rubber thickness. Next, the elastic sliding bearing 210 and laminated rubber bearing 220 are arranged in areas where the contraction level is equal to or less than the allowable length. In areas where the contraction level is large, the linear motion rolling bearing 230 that can be used in places where the constant horizontal deformation is large is arranged.

[0024] As shown in FIG. 4, the central area of ​​the refrigerated warehouse 10, which are the streets X5-X9 and the streets Y4-Y7, are the first area R1 (inner area) with a small shrinkage level. The streets X2-X12 and the streets Y1-Y10 surrounding the first area R1 are the second area R2 (inner area) with an intermediate shrinkage level. Furthermore, the outer streets X1, a part of X2, a part of X12, and X13 are the third area (peripheral area) with a large shrinkage level. The first to third areas are respectively equipped with an elastic sliding bearing 210, a laminated rubber bearing 220, and a linear rolling bearing 230. As described above, the peripheral area of ​​the refrigerated warehouse 10 is subject to large deformation, so the linear rolling bearing 230, which can be used in places where horizontal deformation is constantly large, is used.

[0025] (action) As shown in Fig. 5, the upper structure 10a at room temperature (at the time of construction) shrinks overall due to the outer insulating material and deforms into the upper structure 10b when the refrigerated warehouse 10 is cooled. Different types of seismic isolation devices 20 constantly deform within the allowable range depending on the level of this shrinkage.

[0026] According to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. (1) In this embodiment, a distribution of shrinkage levels is generated (step S13) by a cooling simulation (step S12), and seismic isolation devices are arranged according to the shrinkage levels (step S14). This makes it possible to arrange the seismic isolation devices 20 in accordance with the amount of deformation corresponding to temperature changes such as cooling of the building. For example, since large shrinkage is expected in the peripheral region R3, the linear motion rolling bearing 230, which is a seismic isolation device with a large tolerance for constant deformation, can be used to maintain seismic isolation performance.

[0027] (2) In this embodiment, the seismic isolation device 20 uses an elastic sliding bearing 210, a laminated rubber bearing 220, and a linear motion rolling bearing 230. All of the seismic isolation devices 20 can be configured with the linear motion rolling bearing 230, which has a large tolerance for normal deformation, but this would be costly. By using the elastic sliding bearing 210 and the laminated rubber bearing 220 in combination, the seismic isolation layer can be constructed efficiently.

[0028] This embodiment can be modified as follows: This embodiment and the following modifications can be combined with each other to the extent that there is no technical contradiction. In the above embodiment, the present invention is applied to the refrigerated warehouse 10, but the application is not limited to the refrigerated warehouse. The present invention can be applied to any structure that has different local deformation levels after construction.

[0029] In the above embodiment, the refrigerated warehouse 10 may be divided into a plurality of areas and connected by expansion joints, etc. In this case, a cooling simulation is performed for each area divided by the expansion joints to calculate the deformation level.

[0030] In the above embodiment, elastic sliding bearings, laminated rubber bearings, and linear rolling bearings are used as the seismic isolation devices 20. The seismic isolation devices used are not limited to these three types. Two types of seismic isolation devices may be used, or another type of seismic isolation device may be used. For example, a U-shaped damper using a steel plate as an energy absorbing material may also be used. In this case, the U-shaped damper is placed between the laminated rubber bearings in areas where constant horizontal deformation is small. [Explanation of symbols]

[0031] F1...foundation, 10...refrigerated warehouse, 101...storage space, 102...seismic isolation layer, 10a, 10b...upper structure, 11...lower foundation, 11a...lower structure, 12...upper foundation, 12a...upper structure, 13...beam member, 14a, 14b...column member, 15...floor slab, 20...seismic isolation device, 210...elastic sliding support, 211...sliding plate, 212, 222...laminated rubber part, 213, 223...upper flange, 220...laminated rubber bearing, 221...lower flange, 230...linear rolling bearing, 231...lower plate, 232...lower linear rail, 233...linear block, 234...upper linear rail, 235...upper plate.

Claims

1. A building structure having a seismic isolation layer with a seismic isolation device between a lower foundation and an upper foundation of a building, and a superstructure with a storage space provided above the upper foundation via a floor slab, A building structure characterized in that different types of seismic isolation devices are arranged according to the distribution of deformation of the upper structure in response to temperature changes in the storage space.

2. 2. The building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, as the seismic isolation device, a rolling bearing is arranged in a peripheral area of ​​the building structure, and a laminated rubber bearing is arranged in an internal area surrounded by the peripheral area.

3. 3. The building structure according to claim 1, wherein the building is a refrigerated warehouse.

4. 3. The building structure according to claim 1, further comprising a heat insulating layer provided on the underside of the floor slab.

5. A method for designing a building structure having a seismic isolation layer in which a seismic isolation device is provided between a lower foundation and an upper foundation of a building, and a superstructure having a storage space provided above the upper foundation via a floor slab, comprising the steps of: Calculating a distribution of deformation of the upper structure in response to a temperature change in the storage space; A method for designing a building structure, comprising arranging different types of seismic isolation devices according to the distribution of the deformation.

Images