Waste disposal system, and method of operating the waste disposal system

Abstract

To provide a waste disposal system capable of improving the reaction rate of composting a reactant obtained by hydrolyzing waste, and a method of operating the waste disposal system.SOLUTION: The waste disposal system comprises a hydrolysis device of hydrolyzing waste, a composting device of fermenting a reactant, i.e., hydrolyzed waste obtained in the hydrolysis device, to produce compost, and a moisture control material supply device of supplying a moisture control material to waste, to a reactant discharged from the hydrolysis device, or to a reactant being fermented in the composting device.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE The present disclosure relates to a waste treatment system and a method for operating the waste treatment system. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 describes a waste treatment system that hydrolyzes waste materials such as palm oil mill effluent (POME) residue and empty fruit bunches (EFB) and produces organic fertilizer from the reaction product of the hydrolysis of the waste materials. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2020-163280 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] Generally, the production of organic fertilizer, i.e. composting, requires large facilities and a long processing time. This is due to the slow reaction rate of composting, which is caused by the fact that the optimal reaction conditions are unknown, the method for adjusting the reaction conditions is unknown, and it is difficult to grasp the reaction conditions.

[0005] In view of the above circumstances, at least one embodiment of the present disclosure aims to provide a waste treatment system and an operating method for the waste treatment system that can improve the reaction rate of composting a reactant obtained by hydrolyzing waste. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the waste treatment system according to the present disclosure includes a hydrolysis apparatus that hydrolyzes waste, a composting apparatus that ferments the waste reactants hydrolyzed in the hydrolysis apparatus to produce compost, and a moisture adjusting material supplying apparatus that supplies a moisture adjusting material to the waste, the reactants discharged from the hydrolysis apparatus, or the reactants being fermented in the composting apparatus. Effect of the Invention

[0007] According to the waste treatment system of the present disclosure, the moisture content of the reactants fermented in the composting apparatus can be adjusted, thereby improving the composting reaction rate. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of a waste treatment system according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure. [Diagram 2] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a waste treatment system according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. [Diagram 3] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a waste treatment system according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a waste treatment system according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure. [Diagram 5] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a waste treatment system according to a fifth embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a waste treatment system according to a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a waste treatment system according to a seventh embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 8] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a waste treatment system according to an eighth embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 9] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a waste treatment system according to a ninth embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0009] Hereinafter, a waste treatment system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. The embodiment described below shows one aspect of the present disclosure, and does not limit the present disclosure. The embodiment can be modified as desired within the scope of the technical concept of the present disclosure.

[0010] (Embodiment 1) <Configuration of waste treatment system according to embodiment 1 of the present disclosure> As shown in FIG. 1, the waste treatment system 1 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure includes a hydrolysis device 2 for hydrolyzing waste, a composting device 3 for fermenting the reactants, which are waste hydrolyzed in the hydrolysis device 2, to produce compost, and a moisture adjusting material supplying device 4 for supplying a moisture adjusting material to the reactants. The hydrolysis device 2 may be configured to include one reactor, or may be configured to include at least two reactors connected in series or parallel, or may be configured to include at least two groups of at least two reactors connected in series connected in parallel. The configuration of the composting device 3 is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, an area in which the reactants can be arranged as a plurality of ridges 3a on soil having any size. This example of the composting device 3 employs a method called the "windrow" method, but the composting device 3 may also employ a configuration having a rotary kiln fermenter, a multi-stage fermenter, a silo fermenter, an auger fermenter, a bin fermenter, or the like.

[0011] The moisture adjusting material supplying device 4 is not particularly limited in configuration, but may be configured to include a supply path 4a that supplies a moisture adjusting material to a transfer path 5 that transports the reactant discharged from the hydrolysis device 2 to the composting device 3, or may be configured to include a mixer 4b provided on the transfer path 5 downstream of the position where the supply path 4a is connected to the transfer path 5 in addition to the supply path 4a. Alternatively, the moisture adjusting material supplying device 4 may include a branch path 4c branched from the supply path 4a so that the moisture adjusting material can be directly supplied to the ridges 3a of the composting device 3, and a supplying device capable of supplying the moisture adjusting material to the ridges 3a may be provided or located at the downstream end of the branch path 4c. Such a supplying device may be, for example, a spraying tool such as a shower when the moisture adjusting material is a liquid or slurry, or a conveyor or heavy machinery that can move along the ridges 3a when the moisture adjusting material is a solid. In addition, although Figure 1 shows the moisture-regulating material being supplied to only one ridge 3a via the branch path 4c, multiple branch paths 4c may be provided so that the moisture-regulating material can be supplied to all or some of the ridges 3a, or one branch path 4c may be configured to be able to move to each of the multiple ridges 3a.

[0012] In this disclosure, a "path" refers to a configuration for transporting reactants, waste materials, etc., and can be, for example, a pipe when the material to be transported has fluidity, or a conveyor, heavy machinery, etc. when the material to be transported is a solid material with no fluidity. In the former case where the "path" is a pipe, the "path" may include a device for fluidizing the material to be transported, such as a pump or a blower, depending on the material to be transported.

[0013] The moisture regulator is not particularly limited, and water, a solid or slurry containing moisture, etc. can be used. When the waste is, for example, EFB, fresh fruit bunches (FFB) of oil palm are sterilized in a sterilizer 101 in a palm oil mill 100, and then palm oil is extracted from the FFB, thereby discharging EFB and POME. The EFB is supplied as waste to the hydrolysis device 2 of the waste treatment system 1, while POME can be supplied as a moisture regulator to the reactants by a moisture regulator supply device 4. Water and POME are liquids or slurries that can be considered almost liquids, and therefore can be used as moisture regulators to increase the moisture content of the reactants.

[0014] The waste treatment system 1 of the eighth embodiment described below includes a methane fermentation device 13 that performs methane fermentation of a part of the reactants discharged from the hydrolysis device 2 (the methane fermentation device 13 is not an essential component in the first embodiment), and the residue of methane fermentation in the methane fermentation device 13 can also be supplied to the reactants as a moisture adjusting material by the moisture adjusting material supplying device 4. The methane fermentation device 13 can also perform methane fermentation of POME discharged from the palm oil mill 100, and can also supply POME anaerobic sludge, which is the residue of methane fermentation of POME, as a moisture adjusting material to the reactants by the moisture adjusting material supplying device 4. Furthermore, when POME is treated as lagoon wastewater, the POME is separated into a solid phase and a liquid phase in the lagoon. In such a case, the liquid phase of the lagoon can be supplied to the methane fermentation device 13 for methane fermentation, but the solid phase of the lagoon can also be pumped out and supplied to the reactants as a moisture adjusting material by the moisture adjusting material supplying device 4. Solid moisture conditioners such as methane fermentation residues or lagoon solid phase can be used as moisture conditioners to reduce the moisture content of the reactants depending on their moisture content.

[0015] <Operation of the waste treatment system according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure> Next, the operation of the waste treatment system 1 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. When waste (EFB as an example) is supplied to the reactor of the hydrolysis device 2, the waste is hydrolyzed by mixing the steam supplied to the reactor with the waste, or by heat exchange between the steam and the waste without mixing them. When the reactant, which is the waste hydrolyzed in the hydrolysis device 2, is transferred to the composting device 3 via the transfer path 5, a moisture adjusting material is supplied to the reactant from the moisture adjusting material supply device 4. When the moisture content of the reactant is low, a moisture adjusting material with a high moisture content such as water or POME is supplied. When the moisture content of the reactant is high, a moisture adjusting material with a low moisture content such as POME anaerobic sludge or lagoon solid phase is supplied.

[0016] The reactants supplied with the moisture adjusting agent are transferred to the composting apparatus 3 via the transfer path 5, and if a mixer 4b is provided on the transfer path 5, the reactants and the moisture adjusting agent are thoroughly mixed in the mixer 4b before being transferred to the composting apparatus 3. The reactants transferred to the composting apparatus 3 are arranged in the form of ridges 3a and fermented to produce fertilizer. During fermentation, the ridges 3a are turned over as appropriate to maintain a state in which contact with air can continue. If the moisture adjusting agent supplying device 4 is provided with a branch path 4c, the moisture adjusting agent is supplied to the ridges 3a even during fermentation, so that the moisture content of the ridges 3a can be maintained at a level suitable for fermentation.

[0017] The moisture content suitable for fermentation is not necessarily a range that can be determined in common to waste treatment systems of any configuration, but may vary depending on various factors such as the configuration and operating conditions of the waste treatment system 1, the environment of the place where the waste treatment system 1 is installed, the type of waste, etc. In general, if the moisture content of the reactants is lower than the appropriate range, the growth of the fermenting microorganisms tends to be poor, and the composting reaction rate tends to be slow, and if the moisture content of the reactants is higher than the appropriate range, the reactants tend to be less likely to come into contact with air, and the composting reaction rate tends to be slow. For this reason, an appropriate range of the moisture content is set in consideration of the above factors, so that the moisture content of the ridges 3a is within the appropriate range.

[0018] In this way, in the waste treatment system 1 according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure, the moisture content of the reactants fermented in the composting apparatus 3 can be adjusted, thereby improving the composting reaction rate.

[0019] <Modifications of the waste treatment system according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure> In the first embodiment, the moisture adjusting material is supplied to the reactants discharged from the hydrolysis apparatus 2 or to the reactants (ridges 3a) undergoing fermentation in the composting apparatus 3, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration. The moisture adjusting material may be supplied to the waste material supplied to the hydrolysis apparatus 2 or to the waste material before hydrolysis in the hydrolysis apparatus 2. For this purpose, the moisture adjusting material supplying apparatus 4 may include a waste material supplying path 8 branching off from the supplying path 4a and for supplying waste material to the hydrolysis apparatus 2, or a branching path 4d communicating with the hydrolysis apparatus 2 or both. This modification is particularly effective when the hydrolysis apparatus 2 is configured such that the waste material is stored in a container (wire basket, etc.) without being mixed.

[0020] (Embodiment 2) Next, a waste treatment system according to embodiment 2 will be described. The waste treatment system according to embodiment 2 is different from embodiment 1 in that an alkaline substance can be supplied to the reactants being fermented in the composting apparatus 3. In embodiment 2, the same components as those in embodiment 1 are given the same reference symbols, and detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted.

[0021] <Configuration of waste treatment system according to embodiment 2 of the present disclosure> As shown in Fig. 2, the waste treatment system 1 according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure includes an alkaline substance supplying device 6 for supplying an alkaline substance to the waste or the reactants in order to increase the pH of the reactants. The alkaline substance is not particularly limited, and examples of the alkaline substance that can be used include ammonia salts such as ammonium chloride and ammonium sulfate, calcium salts such as calcium hydroxide, quicklime, dolomite, calcium carbonate, and sodium salts. The alkaline substance can be used in the form of a solution dissolved in a solvent such as water, a slurry dispersed in a solvent, or a powder or particle form.

[0022] Although there are no particular limitations on the configuration of the alkaline substance supplying device 6, when the alkaline substance is in the form of a solution or slurry, the alkaline substance supplying device 6 may be configured to include a tank for storing the alkaline substance and a pump. When the alkaline substance is in the form of a powder or particles, the alkaline substance supplying device 6 may be configured to include a tank for storing the alkaline substance and a blower for blowing the powder or particles or a feeder for intermittently discharging the powder or particles from the tank.

[0023] In order to supply an alkaline substance to the waste material supplied to the hydrolysis apparatus 2, the alkaline substance supplying apparatus 6 may be configured to communicate with a waste material supply path 8 for supplying waste material to the hydrolysis apparatus 2 via an alkaline substance supplying line 7a. In addition, in order to supply an alkaline substance to the reactants discharged from the hydrolysis apparatus 2, the alkaline substance supplying apparatus 6 may be configured to communicate with a transfer path 5 via an alkaline substance supplying line 7b. In addition, in order to supply an alkaline substance to the furrows 3a of the composting apparatus 3, the alkaline substance supplying apparatus 6 may be configured to include an alkaline substance supplying line 7c having a spraying tool attached to the downstream end capable of spraying an alkaline substance. Any two or all of the alkaline substance supplying lines 7a, 7b, and 7c may be provided. The other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0024] In the present disclosure, the term "line" basically refers to a pipe or something similar to a pipe. Depending on the material being transported, the "line" may include a device for moving the material being transported, such as a pump or a blower.

[0025] <Operation of the waste treatment system according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure> Next, the operation of the waste treatment system 1 according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. When the waste is hydrolyzed in the hydrolysis device 2 by the same operation as in the first embodiment, the pH of the reactants may decrease due to the generation of organic acid during hydrolysis. When the pH of the reactants decreases, the composting reaction rate in the composting device 3 decreases. In such a case, an alkaline substance is supplied from the alkaline substance supply device 6 through the alkaline substance supply lines 7a, 7b, and 7c to at least one of the waste supplied to the hydrolysis device 2, the reactants transferred from the hydrolysis device 2 to the composting device 3, and the reactants (ridges 3a) undergoing fermentation in the composting device 3. The other operations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

[0026] In the hydrolysis of waste, the pH of the reactants may be lowered by organic acids, which may slow down the composting reaction rate. However, in the waste treatment system 1 according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure, an alkaline substance is supplied to the reactants, which increases the pH of the reactants, thereby suppressing the risk of a slowdown in the composting reaction rate. In addition, by supplying an alkaline substance to the waste, the decomposition of organic matter into smaller molecules by hydrolysis can be promoted, which increases the amount of decomposition during composting, thereby improving the composting reaction rate. When an alkaline substance is supplied to the waste, the waste and the alkaline substance are mixed in the hydrolysis device 2, which eliminates the need to provide a separate device for mixing the two.

[0027] <Modification of the waste treatment system according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure> In the second embodiment, an alkaline substance is supplied to the waste material supplied to the hydrolysis apparatus 2, the reactants discharged from the hydrolysis apparatus 2, or the reactants (ridges 3a) undergoing fermentation in the composting apparatus 3, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration. For this purpose, an alkaline substance supply line 7d may be provided that connects the alkaline substance supply device 6 to the supply path 4a. The alkaline substance supply line 7d may be connected to the supply path 4a at a position upstream or downstream of the position where the branch path 4c branches off from the supply path 4a, or may be connected to the supply path 4a at both of these positions.

[0028] (Embodiment 3) Next, a waste treatment system according to embodiment 3 will be described. The waste treatment system according to embodiment 3 is different from embodiment 1 or 2 in that it is possible to supply a nitrogen-containing substance, which is a compound containing nitrogen, to the reactant being fermented in the composting apparatus 3. In the following, embodiment 3 will be described as being configured to be able to supply a nitrogen-containing substance to embodiment 1, but embodiment 3 may also be configured to be able to supply a nitrogen-containing substance to embodiment 2. In embodiment 3, the same components as those in embodiment 1 are given the same reference symbols, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0029] <Configuration of waste treatment system according to embodiment 3 of the present disclosure> As shown in Fig. 3, the waste treatment system 1 according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure includes a nitrogen-containing substance supplying device 9 for supplying a nitrogen-containing substance, which is a compound containing nitrogen, to the waste or the reactant for the purpose of lowering the C / N ratio (ratio of carbon components to nitrogen components), which is an index of the components of the organic fertilizer produced in the composting device 3. The nitrogen-containing substance may be any substance having a C / N ratio lower than the C / N ratio of the waste hydrolyzed in the hydrolysis device 2, and for example, ammonia salts such as ammonium chloride and ammonium sulfate, urea, and secondary materials such as cow dung can be used as the nitrogen-containing substance. The nitrogen-containing substance can be used in the form of a solution dissolved in a solvent such as water, a slurry dispersed in a solvent, or in the form of a powder or particles.

[0030] Although the configuration of the nitrogen-containing substance supplying device 9 is not particularly limited, when the nitrogen-containing substance is in the form of a solution or slurry, the nitrogen-containing substance supplying device 9 may be configured to include a tank for storing the nitrogen-containing substance and a pump. When the nitrogen-containing substance is in the form of a powder or particles, the nitrogen-containing substance supplying device 9 may be configured to include a tank for storing the nitrogen-containing substance and a blower for blowing the powder or particles or a feeder for intermittently discharging the powder or particles from the tank.

[0031] In order to supply the nitrogen-containing substance to the waste material supplied to the hydrolysis apparatus 2, the nitrogen-containing substance supplying apparatus 9 may be configured to communicate with the waste material supplying path 8 for supplying the waste material to the hydrolysis apparatus 2 via a nitrogen-containing substance supplying line 9a. In addition, in order to supply the nitrogen-containing substance to the reactant discharged from the hydrolysis apparatus 2, the nitrogen-containing substance supplying apparatus 9 may be configured to communicate with the transfer path 5 via a nitrogen-containing substance supplying line 9b. Furthermore, in order to supply the nitrogen-containing substance to the furrows 3a of the composting apparatus 3, the nitrogen-containing substance supplying apparatus 9 may be configured to include a nitrogen-containing substance supplying line 9c having a spraying tool attached to the downstream end capable of spraying the nitrogen-containing substance. Any two or all of the nitrogen-containing substance supplying lines 9a, 9b, and 9c may be provided. The other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0032] <Operation of the waste treatment system according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure> Next, the operation of the waste treatment system 1 according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. Nitrogen-containing substances are supplied from the nitrogen-containing substance supply device 9 through nitrogen-containing substance supply lines 9a, 9b, and 9c to at least one of the waste supplied to the hydrolysis device 2, the reactants transferred from the hydrolysis device 2 to the composting device 3, and the reactants (ridges 3a) undergoing fermentation in the composting device 3. Other operations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0033] In the waste treatment system 1 according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure, it is possible to reduce the C / N ratio of the organic fertilizer produced in the composting apparatus 3. When a nitrogen-containing substance is supplied to the waste, the waste and the nitrogen-containing substance are mixed in the hydrolysis apparatus 2, which eliminates the need to provide a separate device for mixing the two.

[0034] (Embodiment 4) Next, a waste treatment system according to embodiment 4 will be described. The waste treatment system according to embodiment 4 is different from any of embodiments 1 to 3 in that it is possible to supply seed compost to the reactants fermented in the composting apparatus 3. In the following, embodiment 4 will be described as being configured to be able to supply seed compost to embodiment 1, but embodiment 4 may also be configured to be able to supply seed compost to embodiment 2 or 3. In embodiment 4, the same components as those in embodiment 1 are given the same reference symbols, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0035] <Configuration of waste treatment system according to embodiment 4 of the present disclosure> 4, the waste treatment system 1 according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure includes a seed compost supplying device 10 for supplying seed compost, specifically, a portion of organic fertilizer produced by fermenting the reactants in the composting device 3, to the reactants. The configuration of the seed compost supplying device 10 is not particularly limited, but the seed compost supplying device 10 may include a tank for storing the seed compost, and a blower for blowing the seed compost or a feeder for intermittently discharging the seed compost from the tank.

[0036] In order to supply seed compost to the reactants in the hydrolysis apparatus 2 after completion of hydrolysis, the seed compost supplying device 10 may be configured to communicate with the waste supply path 8 for supplying waste to the hydrolysis apparatus 2 via the seed compost supplying line 10a. In addition, in order to supply seed compost to the reactants discharged from the hydrolysis apparatus 2, the seed compost supplying device 10 may be configured to communicate with the transfer path 5 via the seed compost supplying line 10b. Furthermore, in order to supply seed compost to the ridges 3a of the composting apparatus 3, the seed compost supplying device 10 may be configured to include a seed compost supplying line 10c to which a device capable of supplying seed compost to the ridges 3a (for example, a conveyor or heavy machinery capable of moving along the ridges 3a) is attached or located at the downstream end. Any two or all of the seed compost supplying lines 10a, 10b, and 10c may be provided. The other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0037] <Operation of the waste treatment system according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure> Next, the operation of the waste treatment system 1 according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. Seed compost is supplied from the seed compost supplying device 10 through seed compost supplying lines 10a, 10b, and 10c to at least one of the reactants in the hydrolysis device 2 after hydrolysis, the reactants transferred from the hydrolysis device 2 to the composting device 3, and the reactants (ridges 3a) undergoing fermentation in the composting device 3. Other operations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

[0038] In the waste treatment system 1 according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure, the reaction rate of composting in the composting apparatus 3 can be increased by supplying the seed compost to the reactants, and the fermentation period of the reactants can be shortened. When the seed compost is supplied to the reactants in the hydrolysis apparatus 2 after hydrolysis, the reactants and the seed compost are mixed in the hydrolysis apparatus 2, so that it is not necessary to provide a separate device for mixing the two. When the seed compost is supplied to the reactants in the hydrolysis apparatus 2, if the temperature of the reactants is high, the microorganisms in the seed compost will be killed by heat, and the effect of increasing the reaction rate of composting cannot be obtained. For this reason, it is necessary to supply the seed compost to the reactants in the hydrolysis apparatus 2 after the temperature in the hydrolysis apparatus 2 has sufficiently decreased (to a temperature at which the microorganisms in the seed compost will not be killed) after the completion of hydrolysis.

[0039] (Embodiment 5) Next, a waste treatment system according to embodiment 5 will be described. The waste treatment system according to embodiment 5 is obtained by adding a temperature adjustment device to adjust the temperature of the reactants discharged from the hydrolysis apparatus 2 or the reactants being fermented in the composting apparatus 3 to any of embodiments 1 to 4. In the following, embodiment 5 will be described as a configuration in which a temperature adjustment device is added to embodiment 1, but embodiment 5 may also be configured by adding a temperature adjustment device to any of embodiments 2 to 4. In embodiment 5, the same components as those in embodiment 1 are given the same reference symbols, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0040] <Configuration of waste treatment system according to embodiment 5 of the present disclosure> As shown in Fig. 5, the waste treatment system 1 according to the fifth embodiment of the present disclosure includes a temperature adjustment device 11 that adjusts the temperature of the reactants. The temperature adjustment device 11 may adjust the temperature of the reactants discharged from the hydrolysis device 2, or may adjust the temperature of the reactants (ridges 3a) undergoing fermentation in the composting device 3. In the former case, the temperature adjustment device 11 may include, for example, a heat source supply source 11a that is a storage device or generation device that stores or generates a heat source such as steam, hot water, or exhaust gas from a biomass boiler, and a heat source supply line 11b that communicates the heat source supply source 11a with the transfer path 5. In the latter case, the temperature adjustment device 11 may be configured to include, for example, a heat source flow line 11d through which the heat source flows under the ridges 3a, a heat source supply source 11a, a heat source supply line 11c that connects the heat source supply source 11a and the heat source flow line 11d, and a heat source outlet line 11e through which the heat source that has flowed through the heat source flow line 11d flows out from the composting device 3. Note that, although FIG. 5 shows that the heat source flow line 11d is provided only under one ridge 3a, the heat source flow line 11d may be provided under all or some of the ridges 3a. The temperature adjustment device 11 may also be configured to include both the former and latter configurations. The other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0041] <Operation of the waste treatment system according to the fifth embodiment of the present disclosure> Next, the operation of the waste treatment system 1 according to the fifth embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. The temperature of the reactants being transferred through the transfer path 5 or the reactants being fermented in the composting apparatus 3 is adjusted by the temperature adjustment device 11. The preferred temperature range of the reactants depends on the state of the microorganisms in the composting apparatus 3, but it is generally preferable to adjust the temperature so that the ridges 3a in the composting apparatus 3 are about 60°C to 80°C. Other operations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

[0042] When the temperature adjustment device 11 includes the heat source supply source 11a and the heat source supply line 11b, the reactants and the heat source being transferred through the transfer path 5 are mixed, and the reactants are supplied to the composting device 3 in a state adjusted to a preferred temperature range, so that the fermentation of the reactants can be performed in a preferred temperature range. On the other hand, when the temperature adjustment device 11 includes the heat source supply source 11a, the heat source supply line 11c, the heat source flow line 11d, and the heat source outflow line 11e, even if the reactants supplied to the composting device 3 are not in the preferred temperature range, the heat source flowing through the heat source flow line 11d and the ridges 3a exchange heat with each other, so that the ridges 3a are adjusted to a preferred temperature range, and the fermentation of the reactants can be performed in a preferred temperature range. This allows an environment in which the microorganisms that ferment the reactants can grow appropriately to be maintained, so that the composting reaction rate can be improved.

[0043] (Embodiment 6) Next, a waste treatment system according to a sixth embodiment will be described. The waste treatment system according to the sixth embodiment is obtained by adding a crusher to crush a part of the waste supplied to the hydrolysis apparatus 2 to any one of the first to fifth embodiments. In the following, the sixth embodiment will be described with a configuration in which a crusher is added to the first embodiment, but the sixth embodiment may be configured with a crusher added to any one of the second to fifth embodiments. In the sixth embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are given the same reference symbols, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0044] <Configuration of waste treatment system according to embodiment 6 of the present disclosure> As shown in FIG. 6, the waste treatment system 1 according to the sixth embodiment of the present disclosure includes a crusher 12 that crushes a part of the waste supplied to the hydrolysis device 2. The configuration of the crusher 12 is not particularly limited, and for example, a device in which a plurality of blades capable of cutting the waste rotate to cut the waste into chunks smaller than the original size can be used. The crusher 12 communicates with the waste supply path 8 via the waste branch path 12a. In addition, the crusher 12 is connected to a crushed waste supply path 12b so that the crushed waste can be supplied to the ridges 3a in the composting device 3. A device (e.g., a conveyor or heavy machinery capable of moving along the ridges 3a) capable of supplying the crushed waste to the ridges 3a may be attached or positioned at the downstream end of the crushed waste supply path 12b. The other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0045] <Operation of the waste treatment system according to the sixth embodiment of the present disclosure> Next, the operation of the waste treatment system 1 according to the sixth embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. A part of the waste transported along the waste supply path 8 is supplied to the crusher 12 via the waste branch path 12a. The waste crushed by the crusher 12 is transported along the crushed waste supply path 12b and supplied to the ridges 3a in the composting device 3. The other operations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0046] In the waste treatment system 1 according to the sixth embodiment of the present disclosure, the reactants (ridges 3a) and the crushed waste are mixed together in the composting apparatus 3 and composted, increasing the contact between the reactants and air and improving the composting reaction rate. In addition, a portion of the waste is not supplied to the hydrolysis apparatus 2, reducing the load on the hydrolysis apparatus 2.

[0047] (Embodiment 7) Next, a waste treatment system according to a seventh embodiment will be described. The waste treatment system according to the seventh embodiment is obtained by adding a crusher for crushing the entire amount of waste supplied to the hydrolysis apparatus 2 to any one of the first to fifth embodiments. In the following, the seventh embodiment will be described with a configuration in which a crusher is added to the first embodiment, but the seventh embodiment may be configured with a crusher added to any one of the second to fifth embodiments. In the seventh embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are given the same reference symbols, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0048] <Configuration of waste treatment system according to embodiment 7 of the present disclosure> As shown in FIG. 7, in the waste treatment system 1 according to the seventh embodiment of the present disclosure, a crusher 12 for crushing waste to be supplied to the hydrolysis apparatus 2 is provided in the waste supply path 8. The configuration of the crusher 12 in the seventh embodiment is not particularly limited, and a crusher having the configuration exemplified in the sixth embodiment can be used. A crushed waste supply path 12c branches off from the waste supply path 8 between the crusher 12 and the hydrolysis apparatus 2. A device capable of supplying crushed waste to the ridges 3a (e.g., a conveyor or heavy machinery capable of moving along the ridges 3a) may be attached or positioned at the downstream end of the crushed waste supply path 12c. The other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0049] <Operation of the waste treatment system according to the seventh embodiment of the present disclosure> Next, the operation of the waste treatment system 1 according to the seventh embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. Waste transported along the waste supply path 8 is crushed in the crusher 12. A part of the crushed waste is transported along the crushed waste supply path 12c and supplied to the ridges 3a in the composting device 3. A part of the crushed waste is supplied to the hydrolysis device 2 and hydrolyzed. The other operations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0050] In the waste treatment system 1 according to the seventh embodiment of the present disclosure, similarly to the sixth embodiment, the reactants (ridges 3a) and the crushed waste are mixed and composted in the composting apparatus 3, so that the contact between the reactants and the air is increased, and the reaction rate of the composting can be improved. In addition, because a part of the waste is not supplied to the hydrolysis apparatus 2, the load on the hydrolysis apparatus 2 can be reduced.

[0051] (Embodiment 8) Next, a waste treatment system according to embodiment 8 will be described. The waste treatment system according to embodiment 8 is obtained by adding a methane fermentation device that performs methane fermentation on a part of the reaction product discharged from the hydrolysis device to any of embodiments 1 to 7. In the following, embodiment 8 will be described as a configuration in which a methane fermentation device is added to embodiment 1, but embodiment 8 may also be configured by adding a methane fermentation device to any of embodiments 2 to 7. In embodiment 8, the same components as those in embodiment 1 are given the same reference symbols, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0052] <Configuration of waste treatment system according to embodiment 8 of the present disclosure> As shown in FIG. 8, the waste treatment system 1 according to the eighth embodiment of the present disclosure includes a methane fermentation apparatus 13 that performs methane fermentation on a part of the reactants discharged from the hydrolysis apparatus 2. The methane fermentation apparatus 13 communicates with the transfer path 5 via a reactant supply path 13a so that the reactants can be supplied to the methane fermentation apparatus 13. As described in the first embodiment, the methane fermentation apparatus 13 may be configured such that a branch line 103 branched from a POME supply line 102 extending from the palm oil mill 100 communicates with the reactant supply path 13a so that the POME discharged from the palm oil mill 100 can also be methane fermented. The POME supply line 102 may be configured to communicate with the supply path 4a. In addition, as described in the first embodiment, when POME is treated as lagoon wastewater, the branch line 103 may be a line for supplying the liquid phase of POME in the lagoon to the methane fermentation apparatus 13. In order to discharge the residue of the methane fermentation from the methane fermentation apparatus 13, a residue discharge path 13b is connected to the methane fermentation apparatus 13, and the residue discharge path 13b may be configured to communicate with the supply path 4a.

[0053] The biogas produced by methane fermentation in the methane fermentation apparatus 13 may be used within the waste treatment system 1, or may be used in equipment external to the waste treatment system 1, or may be stored in a storage facility for use in the waste treatment system 1 or equipment external to the waste treatment system 1. When biogas is used in the waste treatment system 1, the waste treatment system 1 is equipped with a biogas utilization apparatus 14. When biogas is used in the waste treatment system 1 to generate steam to be used in the hydrolysis apparatus 2, the biogas utilization apparatus 14 is a steam generation apparatus, and the biogas utilization apparatus 14 and the methane fermentation apparatus 13 are connected via a biogas line 14a, and the biogas utilization apparatus 14 and the hydrolysis apparatus 2 are connected via a steam line 14b. In the waste treatment system 1, when biogas is used to generate steam or hot water to be used in the temperature adjustment device 11 of embodiment 5, the biogas utilization device 14 is a steam generation device or a hot water generation device, and the biogas utilization device 14 and the methane fermentation device 13 are connected via a biogas line 14a, and the biogas utilization device 14 and the heat source supply source 11a of the temperature adjustment device 11 are connected via a heat source supply line 14c. In this case, the biogas utilization device 14 may be configured to also serve as the heat source supply source 11a of the temperature adjustment device 11. In the case where the biogas utilization device 14 is configured to also serve as the heat source supply source 11a of the temperature adjustment device 11, the heat source supply line 14c constitutes the heat source supply line 11b or 11c. The other configurations are the same as those of embodiment 1.

[0054] <Operation of the waste treatment system according to the eighth embodiment of the present disclosure> Next, the operation of the waste treatment system 1 according to the eighth embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. A part of the reactants discharged from the hydrolysis device 2 is transferred to the methane fermentation device 13 via the reactant supply path 13a and fermented into methane. In the methane fermentation device 13, POME circulating through the POME supply line 102 and the branch line 103 from the palm oil mill 100 may also be fermented into methane together with the reactants. After completion of methane fermentation, the residue in the methane fermentation device 13 may be discharged from the methane fermentation device 13 via the residue discharge path 13b, and may be supplied to the reactants as a moisture adjusting material via the supply path 4a by the operation described in the first embodiment.

[0055] In the waste treatment system 1 according to the eighth embodiment of the present disclosure, in addition to the composting apparatus 3, a methane fermentation apparatus 13 is provided as an apparatus that uses reactants, so that even if a malfunction occurs in the composting apparatus 3, the methane fermentation apparatus 13 can back up waste treatment, and it is possible to avoid a stop or a decrease in the treatment capacity of the waste treatment system 1. Furthermore, when the waste is, for example, POME residue, POME anaerobic sludge is obtained as the residue of the methane fermentation. Since POME anaerobic sludge has a lower C / N ratio than POME, it is possible to reduce the C / N ratio of organic fertilizer.

[0056] When the biogas generated in the methane fermentation device 13 is used or stored in a facility outside the waste treatment system 1, the biogas is supplied to a biogas use facility or storage facility via a biogas line (not shown). When the biogas generated in the methane fermentation device 13 is used in the waste treatment system 1, the biogas is supplied to the biogas utilization device 14 via the biogas line 14a. In the biogas utilization device 14, for example, water is heated with heat (energy) generated by burning the biogas to generate steam or hot water. By supplying the generated steam to the hydrolysis device 2, it can be used as a heat source for hydrolysis of waste in the hydrolysis device 2. By supplying the generated steam or hot water to the temperature adjustment device 11, it can be used as a heat source for adjusting the temperature of the reactant being transferred along the transfer path 5 or the reactant being fermented in the composting device 3. Other operations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

[0057] In this way, by using the steam generated in the biogas utilization device 14 as a heat source for hydrolysis of the waste in the hydrolysis device 2, it is possible to reduce the operating costs of the entire waste treatment system 1, and by using the steam or hot water generated in the biogas utilization device 14 as a heat source for adjusting the temperature of the reactants, it is possible to reduce the operating costs of the entire waste treatment system 1 and improve the composting reaction rate.

[0058] (Embodiment 9) Next, a waste treatment system according to embodiment 9 will be described. The waste treatment system according to embodiment 9 is obtained by adding a solid-liquid separation device for performing solid-liquid separation of the reaction product discharged from the hydrolysis apparatus to any one of embodiments 1 to 8. In the following, embodiment 9 will be described as a configuration in which a solid-liquid separation device is added to embodiment 1, but embodiment 9 may also be configured by adding a solid-liquid separation device to any one of embodiments 2 to 8. In embodiment 9, the same components as those in embodiment 1 are given the same reference symbols, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0059] <Configuration of waste treatment system according to embodiment 9 of the present disclosure> As shown in FIG. 9, the waste treatment system 1 according to the 9th embodiment of the present disclosure includes a solid-liquid separator 15 which separates the reactants discharged from the hydrolysis apparatus 2 into solid and liquid. The configuration of the solid-liquid separator 15 is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a filter device or a centrifuge. In the 9th embodiment, the transfer path 5 is configured to transfer the solid phase separated by the solid-liquid separator 15 to the composting apparatus 3. In order to store the liquid phase separated by the solid-liquid separator 15, a storage device 16 may be provided which communicates with the solid-liquid separator 15 via a liquid phase line 18. The storage device 16 may be connected to the supply path 4a via a line 17 so that the liquid phase stored in the storage device 16 can be used as a moisture adjusting material. In the case where a methane fermentation apparatus 13 is provided, instead of storing the entire amount of the liquid phase separated in the solid-liquid separation apparatus 15 in the storage apparatus 16, a liquid phase branch line 18a branched off from the liquid phase line 18 may be connected to the methane fermentation apparatus 13 so that a portion of the liquid phase can be supplied to the methane fermentation apparatus 13. The other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0060] <Operation of the waste treatment system according to the ninth embodiment of the present disclosure> Next, the operation of the waste treatment system 1 according to the ninth embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. The reactants discharged from the hydrolysis device 2 are separated into solid and liquid in the solid-liquid separation device 15. The solid phase resulting from the solid-liquid separation is transferred to the composting device 3 via the transfer path 5, and the moisture content of the transferred solid phase is adjusted by the moisture adjusting material supplying device 4 as necessary, by the operation described in the first embodiment. Meanwhile, the liquid phase resulting from the solid-liquid separation is stored in the storage device 16, and is used as a moisture adjusting material for adjusting the moisture content of the transferred solid phase as necessary. When the methane fermentation device 13 is provided, a part of the liquid phase is supplied to the methane fermentation device 13 via the liquid phase branch line 18a, and is fermented into methane. The other operations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0061] In the waste treatment system 1 according to the ninth embodiment of the present disclosure, only the solid phase separated by the solid-liquid separator 15 is supplied to the composting apparatus 3, which facilitates the transport of reactants to the composting apparatus 3. In addition, by using the liquid phase separated by the solid-liquid separator 15 as a moisture adjusting material, the transport of reactants to the composting apparatus 3 is facilitated and the composting reaction rate can be improved.

[0062] (Modifications of the operation method of the waste treatment system according to each embodiment of the present disclosure) In the first embodiment, the operation of adjusting the moisture content of the reactants, in the second embodiment, the operation of increasing the pH of the reactants, in the third embodiment, the operation of decreasing the C / N ratio of the organic fertilizer produced by the composting apparatus 3, and in the fifth embodiment, the operation of adjusting the temperature of the reactants have been described, but these operations are not performed only at the beginning of the operation of the waste treatment system 1. The moisture, pH, C / N ratio, and temperature of the ridges 3a in the composting apparatus 3 change over time during the operation of the waste treatment system 1, so these adjustments may be performed continuously or intermittently during the operation of the waste treatment system 1. In order to continuously perform these adjustments during the operation, for example, a measuring device such as a sensor for measuring the moisture, pH, C / N ratio, and temperature of the ridges 3a in the composting apparatus 3 may be provided, or the reactants being fermented may be sampled from the ridges 3a continuously at appropriate intervals and measured, and the moisture, pH, C / N ratio, and temperature of the ridges 3a in the composting apparatus 3 may be adjusted by the operations described in the first to third and fifth embodiments so that the measured values ​​are within a preset range.

[0063] Immediately after the start of fermentation of the reactants in the composting apparatus 3, the amount of reactants to be fermented is large, and the composting reaction rate is high. For this reason, oxygen deficiency is likely to occur with the composting reaction. It is preferable to make it possible to continuously detect the oxygen concentration in the ridges 3a so that such oxygen deficiency can be detected early. For example, a measuring device such as a sensor for measuring the oxygen concentration in the ridges 3a may be provided, or the reactants being fermented may be sampled from the ridges 3a continuously at appropriate intervals to measure the oxygen concentration in the reactants. When it is detected that oxygen deficiency may occur, the number of times the ridges 3a are turned may be increased, or, if a device for supplying air to the ridges 3a is provided, the amount of air supplied to the ridges 3a may be increased.

[0064] On the other hand, as the fermentation of the reactants progresses, the amount of the reactants to be fermented decreases, so oxygen deficiency is unlikely to occur, and conversely, heat dissipation occurs due to the supply of air to the ridges 3a, which lowers the temperature of the reactants and may slow down the composting reaction rate. For this reason, once the fermentation of the reactants progresses, it is preferable to reduce the number of times the ridges 3a are turned over, or to reduce or stop the supply of air to the ridges 3a. In addition, as the fermentation of the reactants progresses, it becomes difficult for the temperature of the reactants to rise, so it is effective to heat the ridges 3a by the operation of embodiment 5 or take measures to dissipate heat from the ridges 3a. As a measure to dissipate heat from the ridges 3a, for example, both sides of the ridges 3a can be surrounded by walls containing insulating material.

[0065] The pH, temperature, and oxygen concentration of the ridges 3a in the composting apparatus 3 are preferably adjusted by adjusting the supply rate of the alkaline substance, the supply rate of the heat source (corresponding to the rate of change in the temperature of the ridges 3a), and the supply rate of air based on the difference from the preset conditions. For this purpose, the composting reaction is simulated based on a simulation model that follows a physical model set based on biological reaction kinetics, heat balance, material balance, and previous experimental results, and adjustments can be made based on the difference from the preset conditions by using this simulation model. By using the simulation model, the adjustment range and its effect of the operating conditions of the waste treatment system 1 can be quantitatively determined, so that the composting reaction rate can be maintained higher than by a method that relies on trial and error. In addition, in the physical model, the model coefficients may be optimized by statistical methods or machine learning.

[0066] The contents described in each of the above embodiments can be understood, for example, as follows.

[0067] [1] A waste treatment system according to one embodiment comprises: a hydrolysis device (2) for hydrolyzing the waste; a composting apparatus (3) for fermenting the waste reactant hydrolyzed in the hydrolysis apparatus (2) to produce compost; a moisture adjusting material supplying device (4) for supplying a moisture adjusting material to the waste, the reactants discharged from the hydrolysis device (2), or the reactants undergoing fermentation in the composting device (3); Equipped with.

[0068] According to the waste treatment system of the present disclosure, the moisture content of the reactants fermented in the composting apparatus can be adjusted, thereby improving the composting reaction rate.

[0069] [2] A waste treatment system according to another aspect is the waste treatment system according to [1], The system includes an alkaline substance supplying device (6) for supplying an alkaline substance to the waste, the reactants discharged from the hydrolysis device (2), the reactants being fermented in the composting device (3), or the moisture adjusting material.

[0070] According to this configuration, in the hydrolysis of waste, the pH of the reactants may be lowered by organic acid, which may slow down the composting reaction rate. However, by supplying an alkaline substance to the reactants, the pH of the reactants is increased, which makes it possible to suppress the decrease in the composting reaction rate. Furthermore, by supplying an alkaline substance to the waste, the breakdown of organic matter into smaller molecules by hydrolysis can be promoted, which increases the amount of decomposition during composting, thereby improving the composting reaction rate. When an alkaline substance is supplied to the waste, the waste and the alkaline substance are mixed in the hydrolysis device, which eliminates the need to provide a separate device for mixing the two.

[0071] [3] A waste treatment system according to yet another embodiment is the waste treatment system according to [1] or [2], The apparatus further includes a nitrogen-containing substance supplying device (9) for supplying a nitrogen-containing substance, which is a compound containing nitrogen, to the waste material or the reactant discharged from the hydrolysis device (2) or to the reactant being fermented in the composting device (3).

[0072] With this configuration, it is possible to reduce the C / N ratio (ratio of carbon to nitrogen), which is an index of the composition of the organic fertilizer produced in the composting apparatus. When nitrogen-containing substances are supplied to the waste, the waste and the nitrogen-containing substances are mixed in the hydrolysis apparatus, which eliminates the need to provide a separate device for mixing the two.

[0073] [4] A waste treatment system according to yet another embodiment is any one of the waste treatment systems [1] to [3], The apparatus further includes a seed compost supplying apparatus (10) for supplying seed compost to the reactants in the hydrolysis apparatus (2), the reactants discharged from the hydrolysis apparatus (2), or the reactants being fermented in the composting apparatus (3).

[0074] According to this configuration, by supplying the seed compost to the reactants, the composting reaction rate in the composting apparatus can be increased, and the fermentation period of the reactants can be shortened. When the seed compost is supplied to the reactants in the hydrolysis apparatus after hydrolysis, the reactants and the seed compost are mixed in the hydrolysis apparatus, eliminating the need to provide a separate device for mixing the two.

[0075] [5] A waste treatment system according to yet another embodiment is any one of the waste treatment systems [1] to [4], A temperature regulator (11) is provided for regulating the temperature of the reactants discharged from the hydrolysis apparatus (2) or the reactants being fermented in the composting apparatus (3).

[0076] According to this configuration, by adjusting the temperature of the reactants, an environment in which the microorganisms that ferment the reactants can grow appropriately can be maintained, thereby improving the composting reaction rate.

[0077] [6] A waste treatment system according to yet another embodiment is any one of the waste treatment systems [1] to [5], a crusher (12) for crushing a portion of the waste material to be supplied to the hydrolysis apparatus (2); The waste crushed by the crusher (12) is configured to be supplied to the composting apparatus (3).

[0078] With this configuration, the reactants and the crushed waste are mixed together in the composting apparatus and composted, increasing the contact between the reactants and air and improving the composting reaction rate. Also, since a portion of the waste is not supplied to the hydrolysis apparatus, the load on the hydrolysis apparatus can be reduced.

[0079] [7] A waste treatment system according to yet another embodiment is any one of the waste treatment systems [1] to [5], a crusher (12) for crushing the waste material to be supplied to the hydrolysis apparatus (2); A part of the waste crushed by the crusher (12) is supplied to the composting apparatus (3) and a part of the waste is supplied to the hydrolysis apparatus (2).

[0080] With this configuration, the reactants and the crushed waste are mixed together in the composting apparatus and composted, increasing the contact between the reactants and air and improving the composting reaction rate. Also, since a portion of the waste is not supplied to the hydrolysis apparatus, the load on the hydrolysis apparatus can be reduced.

[0081] [8] A waste treatment system according to yet another embodiment is any one of the waste treatment systems [1] to [7], The system further includes a methane fermentation apparatus (13) for methane fermentation of a portion of the reaction product discharged from the hydrolysis apparatus (2).

[0082] With this configuration, even if a breakdown occurs in the composting apparatus, the methane fermentation apparatus can back up waste treatment, thereby making it possible to avoid a shutdown of the waste treatment system or a reduction in the treatment capacity.

[0083] [9] A waste treatment system according to yet another embodiment is the waste treatment system according to [8], The moisture adjusting material supply device (4) is configured to supply a residue from the methane fermentation in the methane fermentation device (13) as the moisture adjusting material to the reactants.

[0084] According to this configuration, when the waste is, for example, POME residue, POME anaerobic sludge is obtained as the residue of methane fermentation. Since POME anaerobic sludge has a lower C / N ratio than POME, it is possible to reduce the C / N ratio of organic fertilizer.

[0085]

[10] A waste treatment system according to yet another embodiment is the waste treatment system according to [8] or [9], a biogas utilization device (14) that generates energy by utilizing the biogas produced by methane fermentation in the methane fermentation device (13), At least a portion of the energy is used as a heat source for the hydrolysis of the waste in the hydrolysis unit (2).

[0086] With this configuration, the operating costs of the entire waste treatment system can be reduced.

[0087]

[11] A waste treatment system according to yet another embodiment is the waste treatment system according to [8] or [9], a temperature control device (11) for controlling the temperature of the reactant discharged from the hydrolysis device (2) or the reactant being fermented in the composting device (3); a biogas utilization device (14) that generates energy by utilizing the biogas produced by methane fermentation in the methane fermentation device (13); Equipped with At least a portion of the energy is used as a heat source for the temperature adjustment device (11).

[0088] With this configuration, the operating costs of the entire waste treatment system can be reduced and the composting reaction rate can be improved.

[0089]

[12] A waste treatment system according to yet another aspect is the waste treatment system according to [1], a solid-liquid separator (15) for separating the reaction product discharged from the hydrolysis apparatus (2) into solid and liquid, The solid phase separated in the solid-liquid separator (15) is supplied to the composting apparatus (13).

[0090] According to such a configuration, only the solid phase obtained by the solid-liquid separation in the solid-liquid separator is supplied to the composting apparatus, so that the reactants can be easily transported to the composting apparatus.

[0091]

[13] A waste treatment system according to yet another aspect is the waste treatment system according to

[12] , The liquid phase separated in the solid-liquid separator (15) is configured to be used as at least a part of the moisture adjusting material.

[0092] With this configuration, the reactants can be easily transported to the composting apparatus and the composting reaction rate can be improved.

[0093]

[14] A method for operating a waste treatment system according to one embodiment includes the steps of: A method for operating the waste treatment system (1) according to any one of [1] to

[13] , measuring the moisture content of the reactants during fermentation in the composting apparatus (3); supplying the moisture adjusting material so that the moisture content of the reactant being fermented in the composting apparatus (3) is within a preset range; Includes.

[0094] According to the method of operating the waste treatment system of the present disclosure, the moisture content of the reactants fermented in the composting apparatus can be adjusted, thereby improving the composting reaction rate.

[0095]

[15] A method for operating a waste treatment system according to one embodiment includes the steps of: A method for operating a waste treatment system (1) according to [2], comprising the steps of: measuring the pH of the reactants during fermentation in the composting apparatus (3); supplying the alkaline substance so that the pH of the reactant being fermented in the composting apparatus (3) is within a preset range; Includes.

[0096] According to this operating method, there is a risk that the pH of the reactants will decrease due to organic acids during the hydrolysis of waste, which will slow down the composting reaction rate. However, by supplying an alkaline substance to the reactants, the pH of the reactants increases, thereby preventing the reaction rate of composting from decreasing.

[0097]

[16] A method for operating a waste treatment system according to one embodiment includes the steps of: A method for operating a waste treatment system (1) according to [3], comprising the steps of: Measuring the C / N ratio of the reactants during fermentation in the composting apparatus (3); supplying the nitrogen-containing material so that the C / N ratio of the reactants being fermented in the composting apparatus (3) is within a preset range; Includes.

[0098] According to such an operating method, it is possible to reduce the C / N ratio (ratio of carbon to nitrogen), which is an index of the composition of the organic fertilizer produced in the composting apparatus.

[0099]

[17] A method for operating a waste treatment system according to one embodiment includes the steps of: A method for operating a waste treatment system (1) according to [5], comprising the steps of: measuring the temperature of the reactants during fermentation in the composting device (3); adjusting the temperature of the reactants during fermentation in the composting apparatus (3) so that the temperature of the reactants is within a preset range; Includes.

[0100] According to this operating method, by adjusting the temperature of the reactants, an environment in which the microorganisms that ferment the reactants can grow appropriately can be maintained, thereby improving the composting reaction rate.

[0101]

[18] A method for operating a waste treatment system according to one embodiment includes the steps of: A method for operating a waste treatment system (1) according to [2], comprising the steps of: measuring the pH of the reactants during fermentation in the composting apparatus (3); adjusting the supply rate of the alkaline substance based on the difference between the pH of the reactant being fermented in the composting apparatus (3) and a preset condition; Includes.

[0102] According to this operating method, the supply rate of the alkaline substance can be adjusted more smoothly than in the operating method

[15] .

[0103]

[19] A method for operating a waste treatment system according to one embodiment includes the steps of: A method for operating a waste treatment system (1) according to [5], comprising the steps of: measuring the temperature of the reactants during fermentation in the composting device (3); adjusting the rate of change of the temperature of the reactants during fermentation in the composting apparatus (3) based on a difference between the temperature of the reactants and a preset condition; Includes.

[0104] According to this operating method, the rate of change of the temperature of the reactants can be adjusted more smoothly than in the operating method

[17] .

[0105]

[20] A method for operating a waste treatment system according to one embodiment includes the steps of: A method for operating a waste treatment system (1) according to any one of [1] to

[13] , measuring the oxygen concentration in the reactants during fermentation in the composting device (3); adjusting the rate at which air is supplied to the reactants based on a difference between the oxygen concentration in the reactants being fermented in the composting apparatus (3) and a preset condition; Includes.

[0106] According to this operating method, the supply rate of air to the reactants can be smoothly adjusted compared to the operating method

[14] .

[0107]

[21] A method for operating a waste treatment system according to another embodiment is a method for operating a waste treatment system according to any one of

[18] to

[20] , A step of setting the condition is provided, The step of setting the conditions includes simulating the composting reaction based on a simulation model that follows a physical model set based on biological reaction kinetics, heat balance, material balance, and prior experimental results, and utilizing this simulation model.

[0108] According to this operating method, the range of adjustment of the temperature and pH of the reactants fermenting in the composting apparatus, as well as the oxygen concentration in the reactants, and the effect thereof can be quantitatively determined, so that the composting reaction rate can be maintained higher than with methods that rely on trial and error. [Explanation of symbols]

[0109] 1 Waste treatment system 2 Hydrolysis equipment 3 Composting equipment 4 Moisture control material supply device 6. Alkaline substance supply device 9 Nitrogen-containing substance supply device 10 types of compost feeding equipment 11 Temperature adjustment device 12 Crusher 13 Methane fermentation equipment 14 Biogas Utilization Equipment 15 Solid-liquid separator

Claims

1. a hydrolysis device for hydrolyzing the waste material; a composting apparatus for fermenting the reactant, which is the waste material hydrolyzed in the hydrolysis apparatus, to produce compost; a moisture adjusting material supplying device for supplying a moisture adjusting material to the waste, the reactants discharged from the hydrolysis device, or the reactants being fermented in the composting device; A waste treatment system comprising:

2. 2. The waste treatment system according to claim 1, further comprising an alkaline substance supplying device that supplies an alkaline substance to the waste, the reactants discharged from the hydrolysis device, the reactants being fermented in the composting device, or the moisture adjusting material.

3. 2. The waste treatment system according to claim 1, further comprising a nitrogen-containing substance supplying device that supplies a nitrogen-containing substance, which is a compound containing nitrogen, to the waste, the reactant discharged from the hydrolysis device, or the reactant being fermented in the composting device.

4. 2. The waste treatment system of claim 1, further comprising a seed compost supplying device that supplies seed compost to the reactants in the hydrolysis device, the reactants discharged from the hydrolysis device, or the reactants being fermented in the composting device.

5. 2. The waste treatment system according to claim 1, further comprising a temperature adjusting device for adjusting the temperature of the reactants discharged from the hydrolysis device or the reactants undergoing fermentation in the composting device.

6. a crusher for crushing a portion of the waste material to be supplied to the hydrolysis apparatus; The waste treatment system according to claim 1 , wherein the waste crushed by the crusher is supplied to the composting apparatus.

7. a crusher for crushing the waste material to be supplied to the hydrolysis apparatus; 2. The waste treatment system according to claim 1, wherein a portion of the waste crushed by the crusher is supplied to the composting apparatus and a portion of the waste is supplied to the hydrolysis apparatus.

8. 8. The waste treatment system according to claim 1, further comprising a methane fermentation device for performing methane fermentation on a part of the reactants discharged from the hydrolysis device.

9. 9. The waste treatment system according to claim 8, wherein the moisture adjusting material supplying device supplies a residue of methane fermentation in the methane fermentation device as the moisture adjusting material to the reactants.

10. a biogas utilization device that generates energy by utilizing the biogas produced by methane fermentation in the methane fermentation device; 9. The waste treatment system of claim 8, wherein at least a portion of the energy is used as a heat source for hydrolysis of the waste in the hydrolysis device.

11. a temperature control device for controlling the temperature of the reactants discharged from the hydrolysis device or the reactants undergoing fermentation in the composting device; a biogas utilization device that generates energy by utilizing the biogas produced by methane fermentation in the methane fermentation device; Equipped with The waste treatment system according to claim 8 , wherein at least a portion of the energy is used as a heat source for the temperature adjustment device.

12. a solid-liquid separation device that separates the reaction product discharged from the hydrolysis device into solid and liquid, The waste treatment system according to claim 1 , wherein the solid phase separated in the solid-liquid separation device is supplied to the composting device.

13. The waste treatment system according to claim 12 , wherein the liquid phase separated in the solid-liquid separator is used as at least a part of the moisture adjusting material.

14. A method for operating a waste treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, 12 and 13, comprising: measuring the moisture content of the reactants during fermentation in the composting apparatus; supplying the moisture adjusting material so that the moisture of the reactant being fermented in the composting apparatus is within a preset range; Including driving methods.

15. A method for operating a waste treatment system according to claim 2, comprising the steps of: measuring the pH of the reactants during fermentation in the composting apparatus; supplying the alkaline substance so that the pH of the reactant being fermented in the composting apparatus is within a preset range; Including driving methods.

16. A method for operating a waste treatment system according to claim 3, comprising the steps of: measuring the C / N ratio of the reactants during fermentation in the composting apparatus; supplying the nitrogen-containing material so that the C / N ratio of the reactants being fermented in the composting apparatus is within a preset range; Including driving methods.

17. A method for operating a waste treatment system according to claim 5, comprising the steps of: measuring the temperature of the reactants during fermentation in the composting apparatus; adjusting the temperature of the reactants during fermentation in the composting apparatus so that the temperature of the reactants is within a preset range; Including driving methods.

18. A method for operating a waste treatment system according to claim 2, comprising the steps of: measuring the pH of the reactants during fermentation in the composting apparatus; adjusting the supply rate of the alkaline substance based on a difference between the pH of the reactant being fermented in the composting apparatus and a preset condition; Including driving methods.

19. A method for operating a waste treatment system according to claim 5, comprising the steps of: measuring the temperature of the reactants during fermentation in the composting apparatus; adjusting a rate of change of the temperature of the reactants based on a difference between the temperature of the reactants fermenting in the composting apparatus and a preset condition; Including driving methods.

20. A method for operating a waste treatment system according to claim 1, comprising: measuring the oxygen concentration in the reactants during fermentation in the composting apparatus; adjusting the rate at which air is supplied to the reactants based on a difference between the oxygen concentration in the reactants fermenting in the composting apparatus and a preset condition; Including driving methods.

21. A step of setting the condition is provided, The operating method according to any one of claims 18 to 20, wherein the step of setting the conditions includes simulating a composting reaction based on a simulation model that conforms to a physical model set based on biological reaction kinetics, heat balance, material balance, and previous experimental results, and utilizing the simulation model.

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