Heat generation system, thermal power generation system and heat generation method

Abstract

To provide a heat generation system capable of generating heat by using a simplified configuration without using a heater when generating heat by using a heat generation body that uses hydrogen storage alloy, etc., a thermal power generation system and a heat generation method.SOLUTION: A heat generation system 1 includes: a heat generation device 11 having a heat generation body in which a multi-layer film generating heat through storage and release of hydrogen is formed on a surface of a support body formed by at least any of a porous body, a hydrogen storage / release film and a proton conductor, a closed container that stores the heat generation body, an introduction line 4 for introducing gas containing hydrogen to the closed container and a derivation line 5 for deriving gas containing hydrogen used for generating heat in the heat generation body through storage / release of hydrogen in the heat generation body; and a heat source 7 that supplies gas for heating the heat generation body from outside of the closed container or heats gas containing hydrogen for heating the heat generation body inside the closed container.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a heat generation system, a thermal power generation system, and a heat generation method. [Background technology]

[0002] Hydrogen storage alloys have the property of repeatedly absorbing and releasing large amounts of hydrogen under certain reaction conditions, and it is known that the absorption and release of hydrogen involves a considerable amount of reaction heat. Heat utilization systems, such as heat pump systems, heat transport systems, and cold (refrigeration) systems, and hydrogen storage systems that utilize this reaction heat have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

[0003] Meanwhile, the present applicants have discovered that in a heating device equipped with a heating element using a hydrogen storage alloy or the like, the heating element is composed of a support and a multilayer film supported by the support, so that heat is generated when hydrogen is absorbed into the heating element and when hydrogen is released from the heating element. Based on this discovery, the present applicants have previously proposed a heat utilization system and a heating device (see Patent Document 3).

[0004] Specifically, the support provided in the heating element of the heating device is composed of at least one of a porous body, a hydrogen permeable membrane, and a proton conductor, and the multilayer film supported by this support is composed, for example, of a first layer less than 1000 nm thick made of a hydrogen storage metal or hydrogen storage alloy, and a second layer less than 1000 nm thick made of a hydrogen storage metal, hydrogen storage alloy, or ceramic different from the first layer, which is alternately stacked. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 56-100276 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 58-022854 [Patent Document 3] Patent No. 6749035 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] However, in the heating device using a heating element made of a hydrogen storage alloy or the like proposed in Patent Document 3, it is necessary to heat the hydrogen or the heating element with a heater before use, and there is a demand for a simplification that does not use a heater.

[0007] The present invention aims to provide a heat generation system, a thermal power generation system, and a heat generation method that can generate heat with a simplified configuration without using a heater when generating heat using a heating element that uses a hydrogen storage alloy or the like. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] The heat generating system of the present invention comprises a heat generating element having a multilayer film that generates heat by absorbing and releasing hydrogen formed on the surface of a support formed from at least one of a porous material, a hydrogen absorbing and releasing film, and a proton conductor, a sealed container for storing the heat generating element, a heat generating device having an inlet line for introducing a hydrogen-containing gas into the sealed container and an outlet line for discharging the hydrogen-containing gas that has been used to generate heat in the heat generating element by the absorption and release of hydrogen in the heat generating element, and a heat source for supplying a gas that heats the heat generating element from outside the sealed container, or for heating the hydrogen-containing gas that heats the heat generating element inside the sealed container.

[0009] The thermal power generation system of the present invention includes a heating element having a multilayer film that generates heat by absorbing and releasing hydrogen formed on the surface of a support formed from at least one of a porous body, a hydrogen absorbing and releasing film, and a proton conductor, a sealed container for storing the heating element, a heat generating device having an inlet line for introducing a hydrogen-containing gas into the sealed container and an outlet line for discharging the hydrogen-containing gas that has been used to generate heat in the heating element by the absorption and release of hydrogen in the heating element, and a thermal power generation device having a gas turbine, wherein the gas turbine further includes a hydrogen boiler that discharges a gas that heats the heating element from outside the sealed container or a gas that heats the hydrogen-containing gas that heats the heating element inside the sealed container, or heats the hydrogen-containing gas that heats the heating element from outside the sealed container or inside the sealed container.

[0010] The thermal power generation system of the present invention comprises a heating element having a multilayer film that generates heat by absorbing and releasing hydrogen formed on the surface of a support formed from at least one of a porous body, a hydrogen absorbing and releasing film, and a proton conductor, a sealed container for storing the heating element, a heat generation device having an inlet line for introducing a hydrogen-containing gas into the sealed container and an outlet line for discharging the hydrogen-containing gas that has been used to generate heat in the heating element by the absorption and release of hydrogen in the heating element, a hydrogen boiler that heats the hydrogen-containing gas to heat the heating element from outside or inside the sealed container, and a hydrogen combustion boiler that combusts the hydrogen-containing gas heated by the heat generated in the heating element by the absorption and release of hydrogen in the heating element.

[0011] The heat generation method according to the present invention comprises housing a heat generating element in a sealed container, the heat generating element having a multilayer film that generates heat by absorbing and releasing hydrogen on the surface of a support formed from at least one of a porous body, a hydrogen absorbing / releasing film, and a proton conductor, supplying a gas for heating the heat generating element from a heat source from outside the sealed container, or heating the hydrogen-containing gas for heating the heat generating element inside the sealed container with a heat source, introducing the hydrogen-containing gas into the sealed container, and generating heat in the heat generating element by absorbing and releasing the hydrogen in the heat generating element. Effect of the Invention

[0012] According to the present invention, when heat is generated using a heating element using a hydrogen storage alloy or the like, heat can be generated with a simplified configuration without using a heater. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat generation system according to a first embodiment. [Figure 2A] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a heat generating device. [Figure 2B] FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram for explaining another configuration of the heat generating device. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a heating element. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a laminate having a first layer and a second layer. [Diagram 5] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram for explaining generation of excess heat. [Figure 6] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a thermal power generation system according to a second embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a heat generating device. [Figure 8A] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a thermal power generation system according to a third embodiment. [Figure 8B] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a thermal power generation system having another configuration of the third embodiment. [Figure 9] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a thermal power generation system according to a first modified example. [Figure 10]FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a thermal power generation system according to a second modification. [Figure 11] FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a heat generating device. [Figure 12] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a thermal power generation system according to a third modified example. [Figure 13A] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a thermal power generation system according to a fourth embodiment. [Figure 13B] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a thermal power generation system having another configuration according to the fourth embodiment. [Figure 14] FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an improvement in thermal efficiency of a thermal power generation system. [Figure 15] FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a heating element of a fourth modified example having a first layer, a second layer, and a third layer. [Figure 16] FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a heating element of a fifth modified example having a first layer, a second layer, a third layer, and a fourth layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0014] [First embodiment] A heating system 1 according to a first embodiment will be described.

[0015] (heating system 1) FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat generation system 1 according to this embodiment. The heat generation system 1 shown in the figure is configured by accommodating a heat generation device 11 in a containment vessel 2. The heat generation device 11 is connected to a hydrogen tank 3 that supplies a gas containing hydrogen (hereinafter referred to as hydrogen-based gas) via an inlet line 4, and the hydrogen-based gas is introduced into the heat generation device 11. The heat generation device 11 is connected to a pump 6 via an outlet line 5, and the hydrogen-based gas used for heat generation in the heat generation device 11 is discharged. The containment vessel 2 is connected to a heat source 7 via a pipe 8, and gas for heating a heat generating element 14 (described later) of the heat generation device 11 is supplied from the heat source 7. The containment vessel 2 is connected to the outside of the heat generation system 1 via a pipe 9. A control unit 10 is provided, connected to the heat generation device 11, the heat source 7, the pump 6, and the like.

[0016] 1 shows a configuration in which gas for heating the heating element 14 of the heating device 11 is supplied from a heat source 7 from outside the heating device 11. The gas for heating the heating element 14 of the heating device 11 from outside the heating device 11 is, for example, combustion gas from a gas turbine or heated hydrogen-based gas. The gas for heating the heating element 14 of the heating device 11 from outside the heating device 11 heats the heating element 14 to a temperature appropriate for generating heat.

[0017] Also, gas for contacting heating element 14 of heating device 11 inside heating device 11 to heat heating element 14 of heating device 11 may be heated by heat source 7. The gas for heating heating element 14 inside heating device 11 is, for example, hydrogen-based gas that has been heated by a heat source in advance before being used to generate heat in heating element 14. The gas for heating heating element 14 of heating device 11 inside heating device 11 heats heating element 14 to a temperature appropriate for generating heat.

[0018] (Containment Vessel 2) The containment vessel 2 is, for example, a hollow vessel, and houses the heat generating device 11 therein. The containment vessel 2 is formed of, for example, stainless steel or the like. The heat generating system 1 only needs to be configured so that gas for heating the heat generating element 14 of the heat generating device 11 is supplied from the heat source 7, and the containment vessel 2 does not need to be in the form of a vessel that partitions a space. For example, the heat generating system 1 may be configured so that the heat generating device 11 is provided in a flow path that discharges combustion gas from a gas turbine.

[0019] (Hydrogen tank 3) The hydrogen tank 3 stores a hydrogen-based gas. The hydrogen-based gas is a gas containing hydrogen isotopes. At least one of deuterium gas and light hydrogen gas is used as the hydrogen-based gas. The light hydrogen gas includes a mixture of naturally occurring light hydrogen and deuterium, that is, a mixture in which the abundance ratio of light hydrogen is 99.985% and the abundance ratio of deuterium is 0.015%.

[0020] (heating device 11) FIG. 2A is an explanatory diagram for explaining the heat generating device 11. The heat generating device 11 shown in the figure is configured by storing a heat generating element 14 in a sealed container 15. The heat generating element 14 generates heat (hereinafter referred to as excess heat) by absorbing and releasing hydrogen. The heat generating element 14 is heated to a temperature within a range of, for example, 50°C to 1000°C by generating excess heat. In this example, the heat generating element 14 is formed in a plate shape having a front surface and a back surface. The detailed configuration of the heat generating element 14 will be described later using another drawing, but the surface area of ​​the heat generating element 14 is adjusted in advance so that the heat generating element 14 reaches a predetermined temperature.

[0021] The sealed container 15 is a hollow container and contains the heating element 14 therein. The sealed container 15 is formed of, for example, stainless steel. In this example, the sealed container 15 has a shape having a longitudinal direction perpendicular to a direction perpendicular to the front or back surface of the heating element 14. The heating element 14 is installed inside the sealed container 15 by an installation part (not shown).

[0022] The sealed container 15 has an inlet 23 connected to an inlet line 29. The inlet line 29 is connected to the inlet line 4 of the heat generating system 1 in FIG. 1. A hydrogen-based gas is introduced into the sealed container 15 from the hydrogen tank 3 via the inlet 23. The sealed container 15 has an outlet 24 connected to an outlet line 30. The outlet line 30 is connected to the outlet line 5 of the heat generating system 1 in FIG. 1. The hydrogen-based gas in the sealed container 15 is discharged from the sealed container 15 to the outside of the heat generating device 11 via the outlet line 30 connected to the outlet 24.

[0023] The hydrogen-based gas is introduced into the sealed container 15 from the hydrogen tank 3. At this time, hydrogen molecules contained in the hydrogen-based gas are adsorbed to the heating element 14, and the hydrogen molecules are dissociated into two hydrogen atoms. The dissociated hydrogen atoms penetrate into the inside of the heating element 14. That is, hydrogen is absorbed into the heating element 14. After the hydrogen is absorbed into the heating element 14, the pressure in the sealed container 15 is reduced by driving the pump 6 to draw out the hydrogen-based gas, to, for example, 1×10 -4[Pa] or less, or a vacuum is drawn. As a result, hydrogen atoms diffuse inside heating element 14 due to the difference in concentration between hydrogen inside heating element 14 and hydrogen inside sealed container 15 but outside heating element 14, and hydrogen is absorbed and released in heating element 14. Heating element 14 generates heat by absorbing hydrogen in the process of hydrogen diffusion, which will be described in detail later, and also generates heat by releasing hydrogen.

[0024] 2A, even if only a small amount of hydrogen is supplied to the heating element 14, the heating element 14 can generate heat by absorbing and releasing hydrogen. The heat of the heating element 14 can be recovered and utilized.

[0025] Fig. 2B is an explanatory diagram for explaining a heating device 11 having another configuration different from that of Fig. 2A. The sealed container 15 is a hollow container and houses the heating element 14 therein. The sealed container 15 is formed of, for example, stainless steel. In this example, the sealed container 15 has a shape having a longitudinal direction parallel to a direction perpendicular to the front or back surface of the heating element 14. An installation section 20 for installing the heating element 14 is provided inside the sealed container 15.

[0026] The sealed container 15 has a first chamber 21 and a second chamber 22 inside, which are partitioned by the heating element 14. The first chamber 21 is formed by the front surface, which is one side of the heating element 14, and the inner surface of the sealed container 15. The first chamber 21 has an inlet 23 connected to an inlet line 29. The inlet line 29 is connected to the inlet line 4 of the heating system 1 of FIG. 1. A hydrogen-based gas is introduced from the hydrogen tank 3 through the inlet 23 into the first chamber 21. The second chamber 22 is formed by the back surface, which is the other side of the heating element 14, and the inner surface of the sealed container 15. The second chamber 22 has an outlet 24 connected to an outlet line 30. The outlet line 30 is connected to the outlet line 5 of the heating system 1 of FIG. The hydrogen-based gas in the second chamber 22 is discharged from the second chamber 22 to the outside of the heating device 11 through the outlet line 30 connected to the outlet 24.

[0027] The pressure in the first chamber 21 is increased by introducing hydrogen-based gas from the hydrogen tank 3. The pressure in the second chamber 22 is reduced by discharging the hydrogen-based gas by driving the pump 6. This makes the hydrogen pressure in the first chamber 21 higher than the hydrogen pressure in the second chamber 22. The hydrogen pressure in the first chamber 21 is set to, for example, 100 [kPa]. The hydrogen pressure in the second chamber 22 is set to, for example, 1×10 -4 [Pa] or less. The second chamber 22 may be in a vacuum state. Thus, the hydrogen pressures in the first chamber 21 and the second chamber 22 are different. Therefore, inside the sealed container 15, a pressure difference is generated on both sides of the heating element 14. Pressure adjustment valves (not shown) for adjusting the pressures in the first chamber 21 and the second chamber 22 as described above are appropriately provided on the routes of the inlet line 29 and the outlet line 30.

[0028] When a pressure difference occurs on both sides of the heating element 14, hydrogen molecules contained in the hydrogen-based gas are adsorbed on one surface (front surface) of the heating element 14 that is arranged on the high-pressure side, and the hydrogen molecules are dissociated into two hydrogen atoms. The dissociated hydrogen atoms penetrate the inside of the heating element 14. That is, hydrogen is absorbed into the heating element 14. The hydrogen atoms diffuse and pass through the inside of the heating element 14. On the other surface (back surface) of the heating element 14 that is arranged on the low-pressure side, the hydrogen atoms that passed through the heating element 14 recombine and become hydrogen molecules, which are then released. That is, hydrogen is released from the heating element 14.

[0029] As described above, hydrogen is absorbed and released in the heating element 14. Although details will be described later, the heating element 14 generates heat by absorbing hydrogen during the process of hydrogen diffusion, and also generates heat by releasing hydrogen.

[0030] When hydrogen is absorbed and released in the heating element 14, if a sufficient amount of hydrogen-based gas is supplied, the heating element 14 allows hydrogen to permeate from the high pressure side to the low pressure side. "Permeation" refers to hydrogen being absorbed on one side of the heating element and released from the other side of the heating element. Thus, the heating element 14 generates heat as hydrogen permeates through it. In the following explanation, "permeation of hydrogen" may be expressed as "permeation of hydrogen-based gas" when referring to the heating element. When the hydrogen-based gas permeates the heating element 14, it is heated by the heat of the heating element 14. The heated hydrogen-based gas can be used as fuel for a gas turbine, for example.

[0031] Heat generation in the heating element 14 is not limited to the case where hydrogen permeates the heating element 14 as in the configuration shown in Fig. 2B. Heat generation occurs when hydrogen is absorbed and released in the heating element 14 as in the configuration shown in Fig. 2A, and even if only a small amount of hydrogen-based gas is supplied to the heating element 14, the heating element 14 can generate heat by absorbing and releasing hydrogen. In this case, the amount of hydrogen-based gas supplied is small and therefore not sufficient to be used as a hydrogen-based gas, but the heat of the heating element 14 can be recovered and used. When the heating element 14 and hydrogen do not come into direct contact with each other, the hydrogen-based gas used to generate heat in the heating element 14 is recovered and reused or released into the atmosphere.

[0032] 2A, a pressure sensor (not shown) that detects the pressure inside the sealed container 15 is provided inside the sealed container 15. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the control unit 10 and outputs a signal corresponding to the detected pressure to the control unit 10.

[0033] 2B, a pressure sensor (not shown) is provided inside the first chamber 21 to detect the pressure inside the first chamber 21. A pressure sensor (not shown) is provided inside the second chamber 22 to detect the pressure inside the second chamber 22. Each of the pressure sensors provided in the first chamber 21 and the second chamber 22 is electrically connected to the control unit 10 and outputs a signal corresponding to the detected pressure to the control unit 10.

[0034] In the heat generation system 1, gas for heating the heat generating element 14 of the heat generation device 11 is supplied from the heat source 7 from outside the heat generation device 11. The gas for heating the heat generating element 14 of the heat generation device 11 from outside the heat generation device 11 is, for example, a combustion gas from a gas turbine or the like, or a heated hydrogen-based gas. This maintains the temperature of the heat generating element 14 at a temperature appropriate for generating heat.

[0035] Also, gas for heating the heating element 14 of the heating device 11 by coming into contact with the heating element 14 of the heating device 11 inside the heating device 11 may be heated by the heat source 7. The gas for heating the heating element 14 inside the heating device 11 is, for example, a hydrogen-based gas before being used for heat generation in the heating element 14. This allows the temperature of the heating element 14 to be maintained at a temperature appropriate for heat generation.

[0036] The temperature appropriate for generating heat in the heating element 14 is, for example, in the range of 50°C or more and 1000°C or less. The heating device 11 is provided with a temperature sensor (not shown). The temperature sensor detects the temperature of the heating element 14. The temperature sensor is, for example, a thermocouple, and is provided in the installation portion 20 of the sealed container 15 or the like. The temperature sensor may be configured to detect the temperature of the hydrogen-based gas. The temperature sensor is electrically connected to the control unit 10, and outputs a signal corresponding to the detected temperature to the control unit 10.

[0037] A filter for removing impurities contained in the hydrogen-based gas is provided on the route of the introduction line 29 as necessary. Here, the amount of hydrogen absorbed and released by the heating element 14 (hereinafter referred to as the hydrogen absorbed and released amount), or the amount of hydrogen that permeates the heating element 14 (hereinafter referred to as the hydrogen permeation amount) in the case where hydrogen permeates the heating element 14, is determined by the temperature of the heating element 14, the pressure of the hydrogen-based gas introduced into the sealed container 15 or the pressure difference between both sides of the heating element 14, and the surface condition of the heating element 14. When impurities are contained in the hydrogen-based gas, the impurities may adhere to the surface of the heating element 14, causing the surface condition of the heating element 14 to deteriorate. When impurities adhere to the surface of the heating element 14, the adsorption and dissociation of hydrogen molecules on the surface of the heating element 14 is inhibited, and the hydrogen absorbed and released amount or the hydrogen permeation amount decreases.

[0038] Possible substances that inhibit the adsorption and dissociation of hydrogen molecules on the surface of the heating element 14 include, for example, water (including water vapor), hydrocarbons (methane, ethane, methanol, ethanol, etc.), C, S, and Si. It is believed that water is released from the inner wall of the sealed container 15, or that an oxide film contained in a member provided inside the sealed container 15 is reduced by hydrogen. It is believed that hydrocarbons, C, S, and Si are released from various members provided inside the sealed container 15. Therefore, the filter removes at least water (including water vapor), hydrocarbons, C, S, and Si as impurities. The filter suppresses a decrease in the amount of hydrogen absorbed and released or the amount of hydrogen permeated in the heating element 14 by removing impurities contained in the hydrogen-based gas.

[0039] (Control unit 10) A control unit 10 is connected to the pressure sensor and temperature sensor of the heat generating device 11, the pump 6, pressure regulating valves (not shown) on the inlet line 4 and outlet line 5, the heat source 7, etc., and controls the operation of each part of the heat generating system 1. The control unit 10 mainly includes, for example, a central processing unit, and a storage unit such as a read only memory or a random access memory. The processing unit executes various types of calculation processing using, for example, programs and data stored in the storage unit.

[0040] The control unit 10 adjusts the temperature and supply amount of gas from the heat source that heats the hydrogen-based gas before it is used for heat generation in the heat generating device 11, adjusts the pressure of the sealed container 15, and performs a hydrogen absorption process in which hydrogen is absorbed in the heat generating element 14, and a hydrogen release process in which hydrogen is released from the heat generating element 14. In this embodiment, the control unit 10 performs the hydrogen absorption process and the hydrogen release process by reducing the pressure or evacuating the sealed container 15 after supplying the hydrogen-based gas into the sealed container 15 in the configuration of FIG. 2A. The control unit 10 may alternately perform the hydrogen absorption process and the hydrogen release process. That is, the control unit 10 may first perform the hydrogen absorption process to absorb hydrogen in the heat generating element 14, and then perform the hydrogen release process to release the hydrogen absorbed in the heat generating element 14. By alternately performing the hydrogen absorption process and the hydrogen release process in this way, excess heat can also be generated from the heat generating element 14. In the configuration of FIG. 2B, the control unit 10 simultaneously performs the hydrogen absorption process and the hydrogen release process by generating a hydrogen pressure difference between the first chamber 21 and the second chamber 22. The above "simultaneous" means completely simultaneously, or within a short time period that can be regarded as substantially simultaneously. By simultaneously performing the hydrogen absorption process and the hydrogen release process, the hydrogen is continuously absorbed and released in the heating element 14, so that excess heat can be efficiently generated in the heating element 14. The control unit 10 may alternately perform the hydrogen absorption process and the hydrogen release process. That is, the control unit 10 may first perform the hydrogen absorption process to cause the heating element 14 to absorb hydrogen, and then perform the hydrogen release process to cause the heating element 14 to release the hydrogen absorbed therein. By alternately performing the hydrogen absorption process and the hydrogen release process in this way, excess heat can also be generated from the heating element 14.

[0041] When hydrogen is absorbed and released in the heating element 14 in the heating device 11, excess heat is generated. In the configuration shown in FIG. 2A, the excess heat of the heating element 14 heats the gas inside the containment vessel 2 and passing outside the heating device 11, for example, the gas supplied from the heat source 7. In this case, the configuration is such that the excess heat of the heating element 14 is thermally conducted to the gas passing outside the heating device 11, and the larger the surface area of ​​the heating element 14, the greater the excess heat generated by the heating element 14, and the higher the temperature of the gas passing outside the heating device 11. For this reason, the surface area of ​​the heating element 14, which will be described later, is set to a predetermined size so that the gas passing outside the heating device 11 is at a predetermined temperature.

[0042] Alternatively, in the configuration shown in FIG. 2B, the excess heat of the heating element 14 heats the gas passing through the inside of the heating device 11, for example, hydrogen-based gas. In this case, the hydrogen-based gas is heated by the excess heat generated in the heating element 14 when passing through the heating element 14. The thicker the heating element 14 is and the longer the distance the hydrogen-based gas travels before passing through the heating element 14, the longer the time the hydrogen-based gas is heated by the excess heat generated in the heating element 14, and the higher the temperature when the hydrogen-based gas passes through the heating element 14 and is discharged into the second chamber 22. For this reason, the heating element 14 is set to a predetermined thickness by stacking a predetermined number of laminates described later so that the hydrogen-based gas after passing through the heating element 14 has a predetermined temperature.

[0043] (Heater 14) Next, a detailed structure of the heating element 14 will be described with reference to Figures 3 and 4. As shown in Figure 3, the heating element 14 has a laminate 14a having a support 61 and a multilayer film 62.

[0044] Here, for example, a hydrogen-based gas at about 25° C. is absorbed into the heating element 14 and released from the heating element 14, whereby the hydrogen-based gas is heated by the heating element 14 and becomes a hydrogen-based gas at 50° C. or higher and 1000° C. or lower, preferably 600° C. or higher and 1000° C. or lower, after passing through the heating element 14. Note that in this embodiment, the direction in which the hydrogen-based gas is introduced or the direction in which the hydrogen-based gas passes may be any configuration.

[0045] The support 61 may have any structure that allows the hydrogen-based gas to be absorbed in the heating element 14 and released from the heating element 14, and is formed of at least one of a porous body, a hydrogen absorbing and releasing film, and a proton conductor. In this example, the support 61 is formed in a plate shape having a front surface and a back surface. The porous body has holes of a size that allows the hydrogen-based gas to pass through. The porous body is formed of, for example, a metal, a nonmetal, a ceramic, or the like. It is preferable that the porous body is formed of a material that does not inhibit the reaction between the hydrogen-based gas and the multilayer film 62 (hereinafter referred to as the exothermic reaction). The hydrogen absorbing and releasing film may be a hydrogen permeable film, and is formed of, for example, a hydrogen absorbing metal or a hydrogen absorbing alloy. Examples of hydrogen absorbing metals include Ni, Pd, V, Nb, Ta, and Ti. Examples of hydrogen absorbing alloys include LaNi5, CaCu5, MgZn2, ZrNi2, ZrCr2, TiFe, TiCo, Mg2Ni, and Mg2Cu. The hydrogen storage and release membrane includes a membrane having a mesh-like sheet. The proton conductor is a BaCeO3-based (e.g., Ba(Ce 0.95 Y 0.05 )O 3-6 ), SrCeO3 system (e.g. Sr(Ce 0.95 Y 0.05 )O 3-6 ), CaZrO3 system (e.g. CaZr 0.95 Y 0.05 O 3-α ), SrZrO3 series (e.g. SrZr 0.9 Y 0.1 O 3-α ), β Al2O3, β Ga2O3, etc. are used.

[0046] As shown in FIG. 4, the multilayer film 62 is provided on the support 61. The multilayer film 62 is formed of a first layer 71 formed of a hydrogen storage metal or a hydrogen storage alloy, and a second layer 72 formed of a hydrogen storage metal, a hydrogen storage alloy, or a ceramic different from the first layer 71. A different material interface 73 described later is formed between the support 61, the first layer 71, and the second layer 72. In FIG. 4, the multilayer film 62 is formed by alternately stacking the first layer 71 and the second layer 72 in this order on one side (for example, the front side) of the support 61. The first layer 71 and the second layer 72 each have five layers. The number of layers of the first layer 71 and the second layer 72 may be changed as appropriate. The multilayer film 62 may be formed by alternately stacking the second layer 72 and the first layer 71 in this order on the front side of the support 61. The multilayer film 62 may have one or more first layers 71 and one or more second layers 72, and may have one or more interfaces 73 between different materials.

[0047] The first layer 71 is formed of, for example, any of Ni, Pd, Cu, Mn, Cr, Fe, Mg, Co, or an alloy thereof. The alloy forming the first layer 71 is preferably an alloy consisting of two or more of Ni, Pd, Cu, Mn, Cr, Fe, Mg, and Co. The alloy forming the first layer 71 may be an alloy in which an additive element is added to Ni, Pd, Cu, Mn, Cr, Fe, Mg, or Co.

[0048] The second layer 72 is formed of, for example, any of Ni, Pd, Cu, Mn, Cr, Fe, Mg, Co, alloys thereof, and SiC. The alloy forming the second layer 72 is preferably an alloy consisting of two or more of Ni, Pd, Cu, Mn, Cr, Fe, Mg, and Co. The alloy forming the second layer 72 may be an alloy in which an additive element is added to Ni, Pd, Cu, Mn, Cr, Fe, Mg, or Co.

[0049] As a combination of the first layer 71 and the second layer 72, when the types of elements are expressed as "first layer 71-second layer 72 (second layer 72-first layer 71)", it is preferable that the combination is Pd-Ni, Ni-Cu, Ni-Cr, Ni-Fe, Ni-Mg, or Ni-Co. When the second layer 72 is made of ceramics, it is preferable that the "first layer 71-second layer 72" is Ni-SiC.

[0050] The behavior of hydrogen atoms at the dissimilar material interface 73 will be described. As shown in FIG. 5, the dissimilar material interface 73 allows hydrogen atoms to pass through. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing how hydrogen atoms in the metal lattice of the first layer 71 pass through the dissimilar material interface 73 and move into the metal lattice of the second layer 72 in the first layer 71 and the second layer 72 formed of a hydrogen-storing metal with a face-centered cubic structure. It is known that hydrogen is light and quantum-diffuses while hopping between sites (octohedral or tetrahedral sites) occupied by hydrogen in a certain material A and a certain material B. For this reason, hydrogen absorbed in the heating element 14 quantum-diffuses while hopping inside the multilayer film 62. In the heating element 14, hydrogen passes through the first layer 71, the dissimilar material interface 73, and the second layer 72 by quantum diffusion.

[0051] The thickness of the first layer 71 and the thickness of the second layer 72 are preferably less than 1000 nm. If the thickness of each of the first layer 71 and the second layer 72 is 1000 nm or more, hydrogen is less likely to permeate the multilayer film 62. Furthermore, by making the thickness of each of the first layer 71 and the second layer 72 less than 1000 nm, a nanostructure that does not exhibit bulk characteristics can be maintained. It is more preferable that the thickness of each of the first layer 71 and the second layer 72 is less than 500 nm. By making the thickness of each of the first layer 71 and the second layer 72 less than 500 nm, a nanostructure that does not exhibit bulk characteristics at all can be maintained.

[0052] Next, an example of a method for manufacturing the heating element 14 will be described. In this case, a plate-shaped support 61 is prepared, and a vapor deposition apparatus is used to convert the hydrogen storage metal or alloy to be the first layer 71 and the second layer 72 into a gas phase state, and the first layer 71 and the second layer 72 are alternately formed on the surface of the support 61 by aggregation or adsorption. This forms a laminate 14a having a multilayer film 62 on the surface of the support 61. It is preferable that the first layer 71 and the second layer 72 are continuously formed in a vacuum state. This forms only a different material interface 73 between the first layer 71 and the second layer 72 without forming a natural oxide film. As the vapor deposition apparatus, a physical vapor deposition apparatus that vapor deposits the hydrogen storage metal or the hydrogen storage alloy by a physical method is used. As the physical vapor deposition apparatus, a sputtering apparatus, a vacuum vapor deposition apparatus, or a CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) apparatus is preferable. Alternatively, the hydrogen storage metal or the hydrogen storage alloy may be precipitated on the surface of the support 61 by an electroplating method, and the first layer 71 and the second layer 72 may be alternately formed.

[0053] In FIG. 4, the multilayer film 62 is configured to be laminated on one side (e.g., the front side) of the support 61, but this is not limited thereto, and the multilayer film 62 may be configured to be laminated on the other side (e.g., the back side) of the support 61, or the multilayer film 62 may be configured to be laminated on both sides (the front and back sides) of the support 61.

[0054] (heat source 7) The heat source 7 supplies gas that heats the heating element 14 from outside the sealed container 15 that constitutes the heat generating device 11. Alternatively, the heat source 7 heats a hydrogen-based gas that heats the heating element 14 inside the sealed container 15. Such a heat source 7 is, for example, a thermal power generation device having a gas turbine, a thermal power generation device having a gas turbine and a steam turbine, a thermal power generation device having a hydrogen combustion gas turbine, a hydrogen boiler, etc.

[0055] (Function of Heat Generation System 1) Next, the operation of the heat generating system 1 configured as above will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the heat source 7 supplies gas for heating the heat generating element 14 from the outside of the sealed container 15 constituting the heat generating device 11, or the heat source 7 heats the hydrogen-based gas for heating the heat generating element 14 inside the sealed container 15, thereby heating the temperature of the heat generating element 14 to a predetermined temperature. Excess heat is generated by the absorption of hydrogen into the multilayer film 62 and the release of hydrogen from the multilayer film 62. Specifically, hydrogen molecules are adsorbed on the surface of the multilayer film 62 of each heat generating element 14, and the hydrogen molecules dissociate into two hydrogen atoms and penetrate into the heat generating element 14, and the hydrogen atoms are absorbed into the heat generating element 14 and diffuse inside the heat generating element 14, and the heat generating element 14 absorbs and releases hydrogen. In this way, hydrogen atoms pass through the heterogeneous material interface 73 (see FIG. 5) of the multilayer film 62 by quantum diffusion, or hydrogen atoms diffuse through the heterogeneous material interface 73 by quantum diffusion, and excess heat above the heating temperature can be generated in each heat generating element 14. In the heat generation system 1, hydrogen is continuously absorbed and released by each heat generation element 14, thereby efficiently generating excess heat. In the heat generation system 1, the excess heat of the heat generation element 14 heats gas passing outside the heat generation device 11, for example, gas supplied from the heat source 7. The excess heat recovered by the gas supplied from the heat source 7 is used as thermal energy. Alternatively, the excess heat of the heat generation element 14 heats gas passing inside the heat generation device 11, for example, hydrogen-based gas. The heated hydrogen-based gas is combusted in a hydrogen combustion device such as a hydrogen combustion gas turbine or a hydrogen combustion boiler and used.

[0056] (Effect of Heating System 1) According to the heat generation system 1 of the present embodiment, when heat is generated using a heating element that uses a hydrogen storage alloy or the like, heat can be generated with a simplified configuration without using a heater.

[0057] The heating element 14 generates heat using hydrogen, and therefore does not generate greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, making it a clean thermal energy source. The hydrogen used is also inexpensive because it can be produced from water. Furthermore, unlike nuclear fission reactions, the heat generated by the heating element 14 is considered safe because it does not involve a chain reaction. Therefore, by using such a heating element 14 as a thermal energy source, the heating device 11 can obtain excess heat or heated hydrogen-based gas using an inexpensive, clean, and safe thermal energy source. The electric heat design of the heating element 14 used in this embodiment is easy.

[0058] The excess heat obtained as described above can be used as thermal energy, or the heated hydrogen-based gas obtained can be used in a hydrogen combustion device such as a hydrogen-fired gas turbine or a hydrogen-fired boiler.

[0059] (Heating method) In the heating method of the present embodiment, a heating element 14 having a multilayer film 62 that generates heat by absorbing and releasing hydrogen formed on the surface of a support 61 formed of at least one of a porous body, a hydrogen absorbing / releasing film, and a proton conductor is housed in a sealed container 15. Next, a gas for heating the heating element 14 is supplied from a heat source 7 from outside the sealed container 15, or a hydrogen-based gas for heating the heating element 14 inside the sealed container 15 is heated by the heat source 7. Next, the hydrogen-based gas is introduced into the sealed container 15, and heat is generated in the heating element 14 by absorbing and releasing hydrogen in the heating element 14.

[0060] (Effect of heating method) According to the heating method of the present embodiment, when heat is generated using the heating element 14 using a hydrogen storage alloy or the like, heat can be generated with a simplified configuration without using a heater.

[0061] The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be modified as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Other embodiments and modifications will be described below. In the drawings and descriptions of the other embodiments and modifications, the same reference numerals are used for components and members that are the same or equivalent to those in the above embodiment. Descriptions that overlap with the above embodiment will be omitted as appropriate, and the description will focus on configurations that differ from the above embodiment.

[0062] [Second embodiment] 6 is a schematic diagram of a thermal power generation system 1A according to a second embodiment. The illustrated thermal power generation system 1A includes a thermal power generation device 7A having a gas turbine 34 and a steam turbine 37, and a heat generation device 42 (described later) provided in a part 35a of a combustion gas exhaust pipe 35 of the gas turbine 34. The gas turbine 34 exhausts gas that heats the heat generating element 14 of the heat generation device 42.

[0063] The gas turbine 34 is rotated by the pressure of the combustion gas 33 obtained by combusting air 31 and natural gas. The gas turbine 34 is connected to a generator 41, and the rotation of the gas turbine 34 generates electricity from the generator 41. A combustion gas exhaust pipe 35 is connected to the gas turbine 34, and the combustion gas used to rotate the gas turbine 34 is exhausted from the combustion gas exhaust pipe 35. A heat recovery boiler 36 is connected to the combustion gas exhaust pipe 35.

[0064] The steam turbine 37 is provided with a condenser 38, a first pipe 39, and a second pipe 40 connected to it. A heat exchanger 39a of the first pipe 39 is provided so as to pass through the inside of the heat recovery boiler 36. Water and steam are flowed as a heat medium through the condenser 38, the first pipe 39, and the second pipe 40. The water stored in the condenser 38 passes through the first pipe 39 and exchanges heat with the combustion gas from the gas turbine 34 in the heat recovery boiler 36 to become steam. The obtained steam passes through the second pipe and is introduced into the steam turbine 37. The steam turbine 37 is rotated by the pressure of the steam. The steam turbine 37 is connected to a generator 41, and the generator 41 generates electricity by the rotation of the steam turbine 37. The steam turbine 37 is connected to the condenser 38 through a pipe, and the steam used to rotate the steam turbine 37 becomes water in the condenser 38. The combustion gas from the gas turbine 34 exchanges heat in the heat recovery boiler 36 and is discharged from a pipe 36a.

[0065] The combustion gas discharge pipe 35 has, for example, a cross section of 5 m × 7 m and a length of 20 m, and in this embodiment, a heat generation device 42 is provided in a part 35a of the combustion gas discharge pipe 35. The combustion gas supplied from the gas turbine 34 to the heat generation device 42 can heat the heating element 14 of the heat generation device 42.

[0066] Fig. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the heat generating device 42. As shown in Fig. 7, the heat generating device 42 is accommodated in a flow path of a part 35a of the combustion gas exhaust pipe 35. In the configuration shown in Fig. 7, three heat generating devices 42 are provided, but the number of heat generating devices 42 is not particularly limited. The heat generating device 42 has the same configuration as the heat generating device 11 described in the first embodiment, and has the configuration shown in Fig. 2A.

[0067] The heat generating device 42 is connected to a hydrogen tank 43 and a hydrogen supply device 44, which supply a hydrogen-based gas, via an inlet line 45, and the hydrogen-based gas is introduced into the heat generating device 42. The heat generating device 42 is connected to a pump 47 via an outlet line 46, and the inside of the heat generating device 42 is depressurized or evacuated.

[0068] The combustion gas discharge pipe 35 is connected to the gas turbine 34, and the combustion gas 48 at atmospheric pressure, for example, is supplied from the gas turbine 34 to the combustion gas discharge pipe 35. The combustion gas 48 can heat the heating element of the heat generating device 42. A small amount of hydrogen-based gas is supplied to the heating element 14 of the heat generating device 42, and the inside of the heat generating device 42 is depressurized or evacuated, causing hydrogen to diffuse inside the heating element 14. In the process of hydrogen diffusion, the heating element 14 generates heat due to absorption and release of hydrogen in the heating element 14. The combustion gas discharge pipe 35 is connected to the heat recovery boiler 36. After the combustion gas 48 heats the heating element 14 of the heat generating device 42 to a predetermined temperature once, the excess heat generated by the heating element 14 is conducted to the heat recovery boiler 36, and the combustion gas 48 is supplied to the heat recovery boiler 36 as exhaust gas 49 that is hotter than the exhaust gas immediately after being discharged from the gas turbine 34. Heat is recovered from the exhaust gas 49 in the heat recovery boiler 36, and power is generated in the steam turbine 37. In this manner, excess heat generated by the heating element 14 of the heating device 42 is utilized as thermal energy.

[0069] In the above heat generating device 42, the temperature of the heating element 14 of the heat generating device 42 is heated to a predetermined temperature by supplying the combustion gas 48 from the gas turbine 34. When a hydrogen-based gas is introduced into the heat generating device 42 and the inside of the heat generating device 42 is depressurized or evacuated, excess heat is generated by the absorption of hydrogen into the multilayer film 62 and the release of hydrogen from the multilayer film 62. The excess heat generated in the heating element 14 heats the combustion gas 48 passing through the combustion gas exhaust pipe 35 by heat exchange, and can increase the temperature of the exhaust gas 49 supplied to the exhaust heat recovery boiler 36. For example, when the temperature of the combustion gas 48 supplied from the gas turbine 34 to the combustion gas exhaust pipe 35 is 650°C, the temperature of the exhaust gas 49 supplied from the combustion gas exhaust pipe 35 to the exhaust heat recovery boiler 36 can be made 650°C or higher. This can increase the power generation efficiency of the steam turbine 37.

[0070] According to the thermal power generation system 1A of this embodiment, when heat is generated using the heating element 14 that uses a hydrogen storage alloy or the like, heat can be generated with a simplified configuration without using a heater, thereby improving the power generation efficiency.

[0071] [Third embodiment] 8A is a schematic diagram of a thermal power generation system 1B according to a third embodiment. The illustrated thermal power generation system 1B includes a thermal power generation device 7B having a hydrogen combustion gas turbine and a heat generation device 105a. The thermal power generation device 7B discharges gas that heats hydrogen-based gas for heating the heat element 14 of the heat generation device 105a.

[0072] The thermal power plant 7B has a hydrogen combustion gas turbine 50. The hydrogen combustion gas turbine 50 is configured to include a compressor 51, a combustor 52, turbines 53 and 54, and a combustion gas exhaust port 55. The turbines 53 and 54 are rotated by the pressure of combustion gas 57 obtained by introducing a hydrogen-based gas into the combustor 52 and burning it while taking in outside air 56 into the hydrogen combustion gas turbine 50. The turbines 53 and 54 are connected to a generator (not shown), and the rotation of the turbines 53 and 54 generates electricity. The combustion gas 57 is discharged from the exhaust port 55 after rotating the turbines 53 and 54.

[0073] In this embodiment, a configuration including a heat generating device 105a is provided as a supply section of hydrogen-based gas to the hydrogen combustion gas turbine 50. The thermal power generation system 1B has a hydrogen tank 101, a pipe 102, a heat exchanger 103, a pipe 104, the heat generating device 105a, a storage vessel 105b, and a pipe 106. The heat generating device 105a is stored in the storage vessel 105b. The hydrogen combustion gas turbine 50, the heat generating device 105a, the storage vessel 105b, pressure regulating valves (not shown) appropriately provided on the paths of each of the pipes 102, 104, and 106, and the like are connected to a control section (not shown), and the control section controls the driving of the hydrogen combustion gas turbine 50, the supply of hydrogen-based gas, and the heating of the hydrogen-based gas passing inside the storage vessel 105b and outside the heat generating device 105a, respectively.

[0074] The hydrogen tank 101 is connected to a heat exchanger 103 via a pipe 102. The heat exchanger 103 is disposed on a discharge path of the combustion gas 57. The hydrogen-based gas is introduced from the hydrogen tank 101 into the heat exchanger 103, and exchanges heat between the introduced hydrogen-based gas and the combustion gas 57 flowing near the heat exchanger 103, heating the hydrogen-based gas to, for example, 650° C. The heated hydrogen-based gas is introduced via a pipe 104 into a storage vessel 105b that houses a heat generating device 105a.

[0075] The heat generating device 105a has a configuration shown in Fig. 2A, and the hydrogen-based gas introduced into the heat generating device 105a is heated to a predetermined temperature by heat exchange with the combustion gas 57 discharged from the hydrogen combustion gas turbine 50, and the heated hydrogen-based gas heats the heat generating element 14 to a predetermined temperature from the outside of the heat generating device 105a. A small amount of hydrogen-based gas is supplied to the heat generating element 14 of the heat generating device 105a by a pipe (not shown) separately provided in the heat generating device 105a, and hydrogen diffuses inside the heat generating element 14 by reducing the pressure or evacuating the inside of the heat generating device 105a, and in the process of hydrogen diffusion, excess heat is generated by hydrogen absorption into the multilayer film 62 and hydrogen release from the multilayer film 62. The heat generating element 14 heats the hydrogen-based gas passing inside the containment vessel 105b and outside the heat generating device 105a to, for example, 900°C by the generated excess heat.

[0076] The heated hydrogen-based gas obtained as described above can be used in the hydrogen-combustion gas turbine 50. The hydrogen-combustion gas turbine 50 can increase the power generation efficiency by burning the hydrogen-based gas heated by the heat generating device 105a.

[0077] The gas turbine output of the thermal power generation system 1B of this embodiment was calculated by simulation. Here, it was assumed that the temperature of the hydrogen-based gas before heating in the heat exchanger 103 was 20°C, the temperature of the hydrogen-based gas after heating in the heat exchanger 103 was 650°C, the temperature of the hydrogen-based gas further heated in the heat generating device 105a was 900°C, and the combustion temperature in the combustor 52 was 1600°C. As a result of the simulation, in the thermal power generation system 1B of this embodiment, the amount of fuel is reduced by 15.7% compared to the case where the heat generating device 105a is not provided and the hydrogen-based gas is supplied without being heated, and thus the gas turbine efficiency is increased by 18.6%. Due to the reduction in the amount of fuel, the working fluid of the gas turbine is reduced, and the gas turbine output is reduced by 2.3%. If the increase in the gas turbine efficiency and the decrease in the gas turbine output are offset, the total gas turbine efficiency is increased by 15.9%, for example, the gas turbine efficiency of 35% is increased to 40.5%.

[0078] The combustion gas 57 that has exchanged heat with the hydrogen-based gas in the heat exchanger 103 is discharged to the outside of the hydrogen-fired gas turbine 50. For example, if the hydrogen-fired gas turbine 50 further has configurations similar to the steam turbine 37 and the heat recovery boiler 36 described in the second embodiment, it is possible to recover heat from the combustion gas 57 and generate power using the steam turbine. In this case, the temperature of the combustion gas 57 decreases due to heat exchange with the hydrogen-based gas, and accordingly, the efficiency of power generation in the steam turbine using the combustion gas 57 decreases.

[0079] According to the thermal power generation system 1B of this embodiment, when heat is generated using the heating element 14 that uses a hydrogen storage alloy or the like, heat can be generated with a simplified configuration without using a heater, thereby improving the power generation efficiency.

[0080] FIG. 8B is a schematic diagram of a thermal power generation system 1Ba having another configuration of this embodiment. In the configuration of FIG. 8B, instead of the heat generating device 105a stored in the containment vessel 105b shown in FIG. 8A, a heat generating device 105c not stored in the containment vessel is provided. The heat generating device 105c has the configuration shown in FIG. 2B, and the hydrogen-based gas introduced into the heat generating device 105c is heated to a predetermined temperature by heat exchange with the combustion gas 57 discharged by the hydrogen combustion gas turbine 50, and the temperature of the heat generating body 14 with which the hydrogen-based gas comes into contact inside the heat generating device 105c is heated to a predetermined temperature. When the heated hydrogen-based gas is introduced into the heat generating device 105c, excess heat is generated by the absorption of hydrogen into the multilayer film 62 and the release of hydrogen from the multilayer film 62. The heat generating body 14 heats the hydrogen-based gas passing through the inside of the heat generating device 105c to, for example, 900° C. by the generated excess heat. The heated hydrogen-based gas obtained in this manner can be used in the hydrogen combustion gas turbine 50, and the power generation efficiency can be improved.

[0081] [First Modification] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a thermal power generation system 1C according to a first modified example. The illustrated thermal power generation system 1C includes a thermal power generation device 7C having a hydrogen combustion gas turbine and a heat generation device 105a, similar to the third embodiment. The thermal power generation device 7C discharges gas that heats the hydrogen-based gas for heating the heating element 14 of the heat generation device 105a. The configuration of the thermal power generation device 7C is similar to that of the third embodiment. Also, similar to the third embodiment, a configuration including the heat generation device 105a is provided as a supply section of the hydrogen-based gas to the hydrogen combustion gas turbine 50.

[0082] In this modification, a pipe 102a extending from a hydrogen tank 101 branches into a pipe 102b and a pipe 102c. One of the pipes, the pipe 102c, is connected to a heat exchanger 103, as in the third embodiment, and is then connected to a combustor 52 of a hydrogen combustion gas turbine 50 via a pipe 104, a storage vessel 105b storing a heat generating device 105a, and a pipe 106, and the hydrogen-based gas heated by the heat generating device 105a is burned and used. The heat generating device 105a has a configuration similar to that of the heat generating device 105a described in the third embodiment shown in FIG. 8A, and has a configuration shown in FIG. 2A. When the heated hydrogen-based gas is introduced into the storage vessel 105b storing the heat generating device 105a, the heating element 14 of the heat generating device 105a is heated to a predetermined temperature, and excess heat is generated due to the absorption of hydrogen into the multilayer film 62 and the release of hydrogen from the multilayer film 62. The heating element 14 of the heat generation device 105a heats the hydrogen-based gas passing inside the containment vessel 105b and outside the heat generation device 105a to, for example, 900°C by using the generated excess heat. The heated hydrogen-based gas obtained as described above can be used in the hydrogen combustion gas turbine 50. The hydrogen combustion gas turbine 50 can increase the power generation efficiency by burning the hydrogen-based gas heated by the heat generation device 105a.

[0083] Also, instead of the heat generating device 105a housed in the containment vessel 105b shown in Fig. 9, a heat generating device having the configuration shown in Fig. 2B that is not housed in a containment vessel may be provided. The heat generating element 14 of the heat generating device heats the hydrogen-based gas passing through the inside of the heat generating device 105a to, for example, 900°C by generating excess heat, and this is combusted in the hydrogen combustion gas turbine 50, thereby improving the power generation efficiency.

[0084] The thermal power generation system 1C according to this modification further includes a hydrogen supply device 107, a pipe 108, a heat generating device 109, a pipe 110, and a pump 111, which are connected to the other pipe 102b branched from the pipe 102a. The heat generating device 109 is disposed on the exhaust path of the combustion gas 57. The heat generating device 109 has the same configuration as the heat generating device 11 described in the first embodiment, and has the configuration shown in FIG. 2A. The heat generating device 109 is heated to a predetermined temperature from the outside of the heat generating device 109 by supplying the combustion gas 57 for heating the heat generating element 14 of the heat generating device 109 from the hydrogen combustion gas turbine 50. When a small amount of hydrogen-based gas is introduced into the heat generating device 109 and the inside of the heat generating device 109 is depressurized or evacuated, excess heat is generated by the absorption of hydrogen into the multilayer film 62 and the release of hydrogen from the multilayer film 62 during the process of hydrogen diffusion inside the heat generating element 14. The excess heat generated by the heat generating element 14 can heat the combustion gas 57 exhausted from the exhaust port 55 by heat exchange. By supplying the heated combustion gas 57 to the heat recovery boiler 36, the excess heat generated by the heating element 14 can be recovered.

[0085] Although the combustion gas 57 experiences a temperature drop due to heat exchange with the hydrogen-based gas in the heat exchanger 103, the temperature rises due to excess heat generated in the heat generation device 109, and therefore it is possible to suppress a decrease in power generation efficiency in the steam turbine using the combustion gas 57. When the gas turbine output of the thermal power generation system 1C of this modified example is calculated by simulation assuming the same temperatures as those in the simulation of the above-mentioned third embodiment, the thermal efficiency of the entire combined cycle combining the gas turbine and steam turbine also similarly increases by 15.9%, and for example, the gas turbine efficiency increases from 60% to 69.5%, compared to a case in which the heat generation device 105a is not provided and the hydrogen-based gas is supplied without being heated.

[0086] [Second modified example] 10 is a schematic diagram of a thermal power generation system 1D according to a second modification. The illustrated thermal power generation system 1D includes a thermal power generation device 7D having a hydrogen combustion gas turbine and a heat generation device 105a, as in the third embodiment. The configuration of the thermal power generation device 7D is the same as in the third embodiment. Also, as in the third embodiment, a configuration including the heat generation device 105a is provided as a supply unit of hydrogen-based gas to the hydrogen combustion gas turbine 50. The thermal power generation device 7D has a heat generation device 109 that heats the hydrogen-based gas for heating the heating element 14 of the heat generation device 105a.

[0087] FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the heat generating device 109 constituting the thermal power generation system 1D. As shown in FIG. 11, the heat generating device 109 and a containment vessel 109x for storing the heat generating device are arranged on an exhaust path 121 of the combustion gas 122 from the hydrogen combustion gas turbine 50. The heat generating device 109 has the same configuration as the heat generating device 11 described in the first embodiment, and has the configuration shown in FIG. 2A. A pipe 102d extending from the hydrogen tank 101 branches into a pipe 102e and a pipe 102f, and one pipe 102f branched from the pipe 102d extending from the hydrogen tank 101 is connected to the heat generating device 109 via a hydrogen supply device 107. The heat generating device 109 is connected to a pump 111 via a pipe 110. The other pipe 102e, which branches off from pipe 102d leading from the hydrogen tank 101, is connected to the containment vessel 109x and is connected to the combustor 52 of the hydrogen-fired gas turbine 50 via pipe 104a, the heat generation device 105a, and pipe 106.

[0088] The heat generating device 109 is stored inside the containment vessel 109x, and hydrogen-based gas is provided so as to be able to be introduced into the space inside the heat generating device 109 and into the space outside the heat generating device 109 inside the containment vessel 109x. The heat generating element 14 is heated to a predetermined temperature from the outside of the heat generating device 109 by introducing combustion gas 122 for heating the heat generating element 14 of the heat generating device 109 from the hydrogen combustion gas turbine 50. When a small amount of hydrogen-based gas is introduced into the heat generating device 109 and the heat generating device 109 is depressurized or evacuated, excess heat is generated by hydrogen absorption into the multilayer film 62 and hydrogen release from the multilayer film 62 in the process of hydrogen diffusion inside the heat generating element 14. The excess heat generated by the heat generating element 14 of the heat generating device 109 can heat the hydrogen-based gas flowing through the space outside the heat generating device 109 inside the containment vessel 109x through heat exchange. For example, hydrogen-based gas at 20° C. is introduced from the hydrogen tank 101, and hydrogen-based gas heated to 650° C. is discharged from the pipe 104a.

[0089] The hydrogen-based gas heated to, for example, 650° C. by heat exchange inside the containment vessel 109x is introduced through the pipe 104a into the containment vessel 105b in which the heat generating device 105a is housed. The heat generating device 105a has a configuration similar to that of the heat generating device 105a described in the third embodiment shown in FIG. 8A, and has a configuration shown in FIG. 2A. When the heated hydrogen-based gas is introduced into the containment vessel 105b in which the heat generating device 105a is housed, the heating element 14 of the heat generating device 105a is heated to a predetermined temperature, and excess heat is generated by the absorption of hydrogen into the multilayer film 62 and the release of hydrogen from the multilayer film 62. The heating element 14 of the heat generating device 105a heats the hydrogen-based gas passing inside the containment vessel 105b and outside the heat generating device 105a to, for example, 900° C. by the generated excess heat. The heated hydrogen-based gas obtained as described above can be used in the hydrogen combustion gas turbine 50. The hydrogen combustion gas turbine 50 can increase the power generation efficiency by burning the hydrogen-based gas heated by the heat generating device 105a.

[0090] Also, instead of the heat generating device 105a housed in the containment vessel 105b shown in Fig. 10, a heat generating device having the configuration shown in Fig. 2B that is not housed in a containment vessel may be provided. The heat generating element 14 of the heat generating device heats the hydrogen-based gas passing through the inside of the heat generating device to, for example, 900°C by generating excess heat, and this can be combusted in a hydrogen combustion gas turbine to increase power generation efficiency.

[0091] Excess heat generated by the heating element 14 of the heat generation device 109 heats the hydrogen-based gas flowing in the space inside the containment vessel 109x and outside the heat generation device 109 through heat exchange. When the hydrogen-based gas introduced into the heat generation device 105a is heated by a heat exchanger as in the third embodiment, a temperature drop in the combustion gas 122 occurs, but since the hydrogen-based gas introduced into the heat generation device 105a is heated by the excess heat generated in the heat generation device 109, there is no drop in temperature of the combustion gas 122. For example, the combustion gas 122 supplied at a temperature of 650°C is discharged as the exhaust gas 123 at 650°C without a temperature drop, and a drop in power generation efficiency in the steam turbine can be suppressed. When the gas turbine output of the thermal power generation system 1D of this modified example is calculated by simulation assuming the same temperatures as in the simulation of the above-mentioned third embodiment, the thermal efficiency of the entire combined cycle combining the gas turbine and steam turbine also increases by 15.9%, for example, from a gas turbine efficiency of 60% to 69.5%, compared to a case in which the heat generation device 105a is not provided and the hydrogen-based gas is supplied without being heated.

[0092] In the thermal power generation system 1D of this modification, the method of driving the heat generation device 109 can be changed as follows in the initial stage of operation. In the initial stage of operation of the thermal power generation system, the temperature of the heat generation device 109 has not been increased, so the hydrogen-based gas is not supplied to the heat generation device 109 and the containment vessel 109x, but is supplied to the hydrogen combustion gas turbine 50 using a separately provided bypass line for the hydrogen-based gas, thereby obtaining the combustion gas 122. After obtaining the combustion gas 122 and being able to sufficiently increase the temperature of the heating element 14 of the heat generation device 109, the hydrogen-based gas is made to flow into the heat generation device 109 and the containment vessel 109x, and the heated hydrogen-based gas can be led out from the pipe 104a as described above.

[0093] [Third Modification] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a thermal power generation system 1E according to a third modification. The illustrated thermal power generation system 1E includes a thermal power generation device 7E having a hydrogen combustion gas turbine and a heat generation device 105a, as in the third embodiment. The configuration of the thermal power generation device 7E is the same as that of the third embodiment. Also, as in the third embodiment, a configuration including the heat generation device 105a is provided as a supply unit of hydrogen-based gas to the hydrogen combustion gas turbine 50, and the hydrogen-based gas heated by the heat generation device 105a is burned and used. The heat generation device 105a has a configuration similar to that of the heat generation device 105a described in the third embodiment shown in FIG. 8A and has a configuration shown in FIG. 2A. When hydrogen-based gas heated to, for example, 650° C. is introduced into the containment vessel 105b in which the heat generation device 105a is stored, the heat generation element 14 of the heat generation device 105a is heated to a predetermined temperature, and in the process of hydrogen diffusing inside the heat generation element 14, excess heat is generated by hydrogen absorption into the multilayer film 62 and hydrogen release from the multilayer film 62. The heating element 14 of the heat generation device 105a heats the hydrogen-based gas passing inside the containment vessel 105b and outside the heat generation device 105a to, for example, 900°C by using the generated excess heat. The heated hydrogen-based gas obtained as described above can be used in the hydrogen combustion gas turbine 50. The hydrogen combustion gas turbine 50 can increase the power generation efficiency by burning the hydrogen-based gas heated by the heat generation device 105a.

[0094] Also, instead of the heat generating device 105a housed in the containment vessel 105b shown in Fig. 12, a heat generating device having the configuration shown in Fig. 2B that is not housed in a containment vessel may be provided. The heat generating element 14 of the heat generating device heats the hydrogen-based gas passing through the inside of the heat generating device to, for example, 900°C by generating excess heat, and this can be combusted in a hydrogen combustion gas turbine to increase the power generation efficiency.

[0095] This modified example includes a pipe 102g extending from the hydrogen tank 101, a pipe 102h branched from the pipe 102g, and a hydrogen boiler 112 that burns the hydrogen-based gas supplied from the pipe 102h to heat the hydrogen-based gas flowing through the pipe 102g. The hydrogen-based gas introduced into the containment vessel 105b in which the heat generating device 105a is stored is heated to, for example, 650°C by the heating by the hydrogen boiler 112. The hydrogen-based gas is heated to, for example, 900°C by the heat generating device 105a. The hydrogen-based gas heated as described above can be used in the hydrogen combustion gas turbine 50. The hydrogen combustion gas turbine 50 can increase the power generation efficiency by burning the hydrogen-based gas heated by the heat generating device 105a.

[0096] When the gas turbine output of the thermal power generation system 1E of this modification is calculated by simulation assuming the same temperature as the simulation of the third embodiment, the amount of fuel is reduced by 3.1% in the thermal power generation system 1E of this modification compared to the case where the heat generating device 105a is not provided and the hydrogen-based gas is supplied without heating, and thus the gas turbine efficiency is increased by 3.2%. Due to the reduction in the amount of fuel, the working fluid of the gas turbine is reduced, and the gas turbine output is reduced by 2.3%. If the increase in the gas turbine efficiency and the reduction in the gas turbine output are offset, both the gas turbine efficiency and the thermal efficiency of the entire combined cycle combining the gas turbine and the steam turbine are increased by about 1%. For example, the thermal efficiency of the entire combined cycle combining the gas turbine and the steam turbine is increased from 50% to 50.5%.

[0097] [Fourth embodiment] 13A is a schematic diagram of a thermal power generation system 1F according to a fourth embodiment. The illustrated thermal power generation system 1F includes a thermal power generation unit 7F having a hydrogen combustion boiler and a heat generation unit 138a. The thermal power generation unit 7F has a hydrogen combustion unit 130, a condenser 131, a steam turbine 132, and a generator 133, and further includes a flow path that circulates the hydrogen combustion unit 130, the steam turbine 132, and the condenser 131.

[0098] When hydrogen is combusted in the hydrogen combustion section 130, water, which is a heat medium flowing through a flow path circulating through the hydrogen combustion section 130, the steam turbine 132, and the condenser 131, is heated and becomes water steam. The obtained water steam is supplied to the steam turbine 132. The steam turbine 132 is rotated by the pressure of the water steam. The steam turbine 132 is connected to a generator 133, and electricity is generated by the rotation of the steam turbine 132. The steam turbine 132 is connected to the condenser 131 via piping, and the water steam used to rotate the steam turbine 132 becomes water in the condenser 131. The hydrogen combustion section 130 is provided with an exhaust port 134, and the combustion gas from the hydrogen combustion section 130 is discharged from the exhaust port 134.

[0099] In this embodiment, the hydrogen storage tank 135 includes a pipe 136a extending from the hydrogen tank 135, a pipe 136b branched from the pipe 136a, and a hydrogen boiler 137 that burns the hydrogen-based gas introduced from the pipe 136b to heat the hydrogen-based gas flowing through the pipe 136a. The hydrogen-based gas introduced into the storage vessel 138b in which the heat generating device 138a is stored is heated to, for example, 650°C by the heating by the hydrogen boiler 137. The heat generating device 138a has a configuration similar to that of the heat generating device 105a described in the third embodiment shown in FIG. 8A and has a configuration shown in FIG. 2A. When the heated hydrogen-based gas is introduced into the storage vessel 138b in which the heat generating device 138a is stored, the heat generating element 14 of the heat generating device 138a is heated to a predetermined temperature, and in the process of hydrogen diffusing inside the heat generating element 14, excess heat is generated due to hydrogen absorption into the multilayer film 62 and hydrogen release from the multilayer film 62. The heating element 14 of the heating device 138a heats the hydrogen-based gas passing inside the containment vessel 138b and outside the heating device 138a to, for example, 900°C by using the generated excess heat. The heated hydrogen-based gas obtained as described above is supplied to the hydrogen combustion section 130 as fuel and used in the hydrogen combustion boiler. The hydrogen combustion boiler can increase the power generation efficiency by burning the hydrogen-based gas heated by the heating device 138a.

[0100] When the turbine output of the thermal power generation system 1F of this embodiment is calculated by simulation assuming the same temperatures as in the simulation of the above-mentioned third embodiment, in the thermal power generation system 1F of this embodiment, the amount of fuel is reduced by 3.1% compared to the case where the heat generating device 138a is not provided and the hydrogen-based gas is supplied without being heated, and as a result, the overall efficiency of the boiler and turbine combination increases by 3.2%, for example, the overall efficiency of the boiler and turbine combination increases from 43% to 47.5%.

[0101] According to the thermal power generation system 1F of this embodiment, when heat is generated using the heating element 14 that uses a hydrogen storage alloy or the like, heat can be generated with a simplified configuration without using a heater, thereby improving the power generation efficiency.

[0102] Fig. 13B is a schematic diagram of a thermal power generation system 1Fa having another configuration of the fourth embodiment. In the configuration of Fig. 13B, instead of the heat generation device 138a stored in the containment vessel 138b shown in Fig. 13A, a heat generation device 138c not stored in the containment vessel is provided. The heat generation device 138c has the configuration shown in Fig. 2B, and the heat generation element 14 of the heat generation device 138c heats the hydrogen-based gas passing through the inside of the heat generation device 138c to, for example, 900°C by the generated excess heat, and combusts this in a hydrogen combustion boiler, thereby improving the power generation efficiency.

[0103] Fig. 14 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the improvement in the thermal efficiency (C / C thermal efficiency) of the entire combined cycle that combines the gas turbine and steam turbine of the thermal power generation system having the hydrogen combustion gas turbine according to the above embodiment and the modified example. As shown in Fig. 14, the turbine inlet temperature is increased in the order of points D, F, G, and J in Fig. 14 along with the turbine generation, and the C / C thermal efficiency is also increased accordingly.

[0104] Here, as shown in the above embodiment and modified example, when heat is generated using a heating element using a hydrogen storage alloy or the like, heat is generated in a simplified configuration without using a heater, and the hydrogen-based gas heated by the heating device is burned, thereby improving the power generation efficiency, and the C / C thermal efficiency can be improved by the amount of the arrows extending from points D, F, G, and J as shown in Figure 14.

[0105] [Fourth Modification] FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a heating element of a fourth modified example having a first layer, a second layer, and a third layer. Instead of the heating element 14 in the above embodiment and modified example, a heating element 75 shown in FIG. 15 can be provided. In the heating element 75 shown in FIG. 15, the multilayer film 62 of the laminate further has a third layer 77 in addition to the first layer 71 and the second layer 72. The third layer 77 is formed of a hydrogen storage metal, a hydrogen storage alloy, or a ceramic different from the first layer 71 and the second layer 72. The thickness of the third layer 77 is preferably less than 1000 nm. In FIG. 15, the first layer 71, the second layer 72, and the third layer 77 are laminated on the surface of the support 61 in the order of the first layer 71, the second layer 72, the first layer 71, and the third layer 77. The first layer 71, the second layer 72, and the third layer 77 may be laminated on the surface of the support 61 in the order of the first layer 71, the third layer 77, the first layer 71, and the second layer 72. That is, the multilayer film 62 has a laminated structure in which the first layer 71 is provided between the second layer 72 and the third layer 77. The multilayer film 62 may have one or more third layers 77. The dissimilar material interface 78 formed between the first layer 71 and the third layer 77 allows hydrogen atoms to pass therethrough, similar to the dissimilar material interface 73.

[0106] The third layer 77 is formed of, for example, any one of Ni, Pd, Cu, Cr, Fe, Mg, Co, alloys thereof, SiC, CaO, Y2O3, TiC, LaB6, SrO, and BaO. The alloy forming the third layer 77 is preferably an alloy consisting of two or more of Ni, Pd, Cu, Cr, Fe, Mg, and Co. The alloy forming the third layer 77 may be an alloy in which an additive element is added to Ni, Pd, Cu, Cr, Fe, Mg, or Co.

[0107] In particular, the third layer 77 is preferably formed of any one of CaO, Y2O3, TiC, LaB6, SrO, and BaO. The heating element 75 having the third layer 77 formed of any one of CaO, Y2O3, TiC, LaB6, SrO, and BaO has an increased hydrogen storage amount, and the amount of hydrogen permeating the dissimilar material interface 73 and the dissimilar material interface 78 is increased, thereby achieving high output of excess heat. The third layer 77 formed of any one of CaO, Y2O3, TiC, LaB6, SrO, and BaO is preferably 10 nm or less in thickness. This allows the multilayer film 62 to easily permeate hydrogen atoms. The third layer 77 formed of any one of CaO, Y2O3, TiC, LaB6, SrO, and BaO may be formed in an island shape rather than in a complete film shape. In addition, the first layer 71 and the third layer 77 are preferably formed successively in a vacuum state. As a result, no native oxide film is formed between the first layer 71 and the third layer 77, and only a different material interface 78 is formed.

[0108] Combinations of the first layer 71, the second layer 72, and the third layer 77, when the types of elements are expressed as "first layer 71-third layer 77-second layer 72", are as follows: Pd-CaO-Ni, Pd-Y2O3-Ni, Pd-TiC-Ni, Pd-LaB6-Ni, Ni-CaO-Cu, Ni-Y2O3-Cu, Ni-TiC-Cu, Ni-LaB6-Cu, Ni-Co-Cu, Ni-CaO-Cr, Ni-Y2O3-Cr, Ni-TiC-Cr, Ni-LaB6- Cr, Ni-CaO-Fe, Ni-Y2O3-Fe, Ni-TiC-Fe, Ni-LaB6-Fe, Ni-Cr-Fe, Ni-CaO-Mg, Ni-Y2O3-Mg, Ni-TiC-Mg, Ni-LaB6-Mg, N Preferred are i-CaO-Co, Ni-Y2O3-Co, Ni-TiC-Co, Ni-LaB6-Co, Ni-CaO-SiC, Ni-Y2O3-SiC, Ni-TiC-SiC, and Ni-LaB6-SiC.

[0109] [Fifth Modification] FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a heating element of a fifth modified example having a first layer, a second layer, a third layer, and a fourth layer. Instead of the heating element 14 in the above embodiment and modified examples, a heating element 80 shown in FIG. 16 can be provided. In the heating element 80 shown in FIG. 16, the multilayer film 62 of the laminate further has a fourth layer 82 in addition to the first layer 71, the second layer 72, and the third layer 77. The fourth layer 82 is formed of a hydrogen storage metal, a hydrogen storage alloy, or a ceramic different from the first layer 71, the second layer 72, and the third layer 77. The thickness of the fourth layer 82 is preferably less than 1000 nm. In FIG. 16, the first layer 71, the second layer 72, the third layer 77, and the fourth layer 82 are laminated on the surface of the support 61 in the order of the first layer 71, the second layer 72, the first layer 71, the third layer 77, the first layer 71, and the fourth layer 82. The first layer 71, the second layer 72, the third layer 77, and the fourth layer 82 may be laminated on the surface of the support 61 in the order of the first layer 71, the fourth layer 82, the first layer 71, the third layer 77, the first layer 71, and the second layer 72. That is, the multilayer film 62 has a laminated structure in which the second layer 72, the third layer 77, and the fourth layer 82 are laminated in any order, and the first layer 71 is provided between each of the second layer 72, the third layer 77, and the fourth layer 82. The multilayer film 62 may have one or more fourth layers 82. The dissimilar material interface 83 formed between the first layer 71 and the fourth layer 82 allows hydrogen atoms to pass through, similar to the dissimilar material interface 73 and the dissimilar material interface 78.

[0110] The fourth layer 82 is formed of, for example, any one of Ni, Pd, Cu, Cr, Fe, Mg, Co, alloys thereof, SiC, CaO, Y2O3, TiC, LaB6, SrO, and BaO. The alloy forming the fourth layer 82 is preferably an alloy consisting of two or more of Ni, Pd, Cu, Cr, Fe, Mg, and Co. The alloy forming the fourth layer 82 may be an alloy in which an additive element is added to Ni, Pd, Cu, Cr, Fe, Mg, or Co.

[0111] In particular, the fourth layer 82 is preferably formed of any one of CaO, Y2O3, TiC, LaB6, SrO, and BaO. The heating element 80 having the fourth layer 82 formed of any one of CaO, Y2O3, TiC, LaB6, SrO, and BaO has an increased hydrogen storage amount, and the amount of hydrogen permeating the dissimilar material interface 73, the dissimilar material interface 78, and the dissimilar material interface 83 is increased, thereby achieving high output of excess heat. The fourth layer 82 formed of any one of CaO, Y2O3, TiC, LaB6, SrO, and BaO is preferably 10 nm or less in thickness. This allows the multilayer film 62 to easily permeate hydrogen atoms. The fourth layer 82 formed of any one of CaO, Y2O3, TiC, LaB6, SrO, and BaO may be formed in an island shape rather than in a complete film shape. In addition, the first layer 71 and the fourth layer 82 are preferably formed successively in a vacuum state. As a result, no native oxide film is formed between the first layer 71 and the fourth layer 82, and only a different material interface 83 is formed.

[0112] As for the combination of the first layer 71, the second layer 72, the third layer 77, and the fourth layer 82, when the types of elements are expressed as "first layer 71-fourth layer 82-third layer 77-second layer 72", it is preferable that the combination is Ni-CaO-Cr-Fe, Ni-Y2O3-Cr-Fe, Ni-TiC-Cr-Fe, or Ni-LaB6-Cr-Fe.

[0113] As the heating element having multiple layers, two or more types may be mixed from heating element 14 shown in FIG. 4, heating element 75 shown in FIG. 15, and heating element 80 shown in FIG. 16. For example, heating elements having different layer configurations may be used for the inner heating element and the outer heating element. Heating elements having multiple layer configurations may be arranged in any order. The configuration of multilayer film 62, for example, the ratio of thicknesses of each layer, the number of layers of each layer, and materials, may be appropriately changed depending on the temperature to be used. [Explanation of symbols]

[0114] 1 Heating System 2. Containment Vessel 3 Hydrogen tank 4. Introduction Line 5 Derivation line 6. Pump 7 Heat source 8 Piping 9 Piping 10 Control section 11 Heating device

Claims

1. a heating element having a multilayer film formed on a surface of a support formed of at least one of a porous body, a hydrogen absorbing / releasing film, and a proton conductor, the multilayer film generating heat by absorbing and releasing hydrogen; a sealed container for storing the heating element; an inlet line for introducing a gas containing hydrogen into the sealed container; and an outlet line for discharging the gas containing hydrogen that has been used to generate heat in the heating element by absorbing and releasing the hydrogen in the heating element; a heat source for supplying a gas for heating the heating element from outside the sealed container, or for heating the hydrogen-containing gas for heating the heating element inside the sealed container; A heating system comprising:

2. The multilayer film includes a first layer having a thickness of less than 1000 nm and made of a hydrogen storage metal or a hydrogen storage alloy, and a second layer having a thickness of less than 1000 nm and made of a hydrogen storage metal, a hydrogen storage alloy, or a ceramic different from the first layer. The heating system of claim 1 .

3. a heating element having a multilayer film formed on a surface of a support formed of at least one of a porous body, a hydrogen absorbing / releasing film, and a proton conductor, the multilayer film generating heat by absorbing and releasing hydrogen; a sealed container for storing the heating element; an inlet line for introducing a gas containing hydrogen into the sealed container; and an outlet line for discharging the gas containing hydrogen that has been used to generate heat in the heating element by absorbing and releasing the hydrogen in the heating element; a thermal power generation device having a gas turbine, The gas turbine further includes a hydrogen boiler that discharges gas for heating the heating element from outside the sealed container or gas for heating the hydrogen-containing gas for heating the heating element inside the sealed container, or heats the hydrogen-containing gas for heating the heating element from outside the sealed container or inside the sealed container. Thermal power generation system.

4. The multilayer film includes a first layer having a thickness of less than 1000 nm and made of a hydrogen storage metal or a hydrogen storage alloy, and a second layer having a thickness of less than 1000 nm and made of a hydrogen storage metal, a hydrogen storage alloy, or a ceramic different from the first layer. The thermal power generation system according to claim 3 .

5. The thermal power plant further includes a steam turbine. The thermal power generation system according to claim 3 .

6. The thermal power plant is a power plant having a hydrogen combustion gas turbine. The thermal power generation system according to claim 3 .

7. The hydrogen-containing gas heated by the heat generated in the heating element due to the absorption and release of the hydrogen in the heating element is combusted in the hydrogen combustion gas turbine to generate electricity. The thermal power generation system according to claim 6.

8. a heating element having a multilayer film formed on a surface of a support formed of at least one of a porous body, a hydrogen absorbing / releasing film, and a proton conductor, the multilayer film generating heat by absorbing and releasing hydrogen; a sealed container for storing the heating element; an inlet line for introducing a gas containing hydrogen into the sealed container; and an outlet line for discharging the gas containing hydrogen that has been used to generate heat in the heating element by absorbing and releasing the hydrogen in the heating element; a hydrogen boiler for heating the hydrogen-containing gas for heating the heating element from outside the sealed container or inside the sealed container; a hydrogen combustion boiler that burns the hydrogen-containing gas heated by the heat generated in the heating element due to the absorption and release of hydrogen in the heating element; A thermal power generation system comprising:

9. The multilayer film includes a first layer having a thickness of less than 1000 nm and made of a hydrogen storage metal or a hydrogen storage alloy, and a second layer having a thickness of less than 1000 nm and made of a hydrogen storage metal, a hydrogen storage alloy, or a ceramic different from the first layer. The thermal power generation system according to claim 8.

10. A heating element having a multilayer film formed on a surface of a support made of at least one of a porous body, a hydrogen absorbing / releasing film, and a proton conductor, the multilayer film generating heat by absorbing and releasing hydrogen, is housed in a sealed container; supplying a gas from a heat source that heats the heating element from outside the sealed container, or heating the hydrogen-containing gas that heats the heating element inside the sealed container with a heat source; The hydrogen-containing gas is introduced into the sealed container, and heat is generated in the heating element by absorbing and releasing the hydrogen in the heating element. Heat generation method.

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