Openable sunshade structure

Abstract

To provide a storage type sunshade structure hardly causing winding wrinkles and expansion due to winding wrinkles, and also to provide an openable sunshade structure having heat insulation property, excellent weather resistance, extended service life, and capable of being freely colored.SOLUTION: A sunshade structure consists of a rectangle or parallelogram-shaped ceiling film, four braces, A, B, C, D, and a rope shaft. The rope shaft is permanently disposed between opposite corners A and C (or between B and D). The ceiling film can be extended by fixing a straight line connecting one opposite corner thereof to the rope shaft and detachably fixing the other opposite corner to B, D (or A, C) and stored by releasing the fixing of the ceiling film from the braces and winding the ceiling film around the rope shaft. The ceiling film includes warp and weft. Either the warp or the weft is disposed so as to intersect with the rope shaft at the angle of 70° to 90°. When the ceiling film is folded in two at one diagonal line, the opposite corners on the other diagonal line are not overlaid with each other.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an openable / closable sunshade (furring shade) structure that is easy to set up and take down and has excellent dimensional stability of the ceiling membrane, and further relates to an openable / closable sunshade (furring shade) structure that has heat insulation properties, excellent weather resistance, extended service life, and can be freely colored. [Background technology]

[0002] Sunshades with tarpaulin as the ceiling membrane come in various sizes and are widely used as tarp tents in gardens of houses, verandas of apartment buildings, shops, medium to large commercial facilities, outdoor event venues, campsites, beach houses, etc. These have a ceiling length of 4 to 100 m. 2 It is a simple structure that consists of a tarpaulin of the same size hung by a rope and stretched and fixed. In particular, in residential spaces such as the verandas and gardens of houses, the verandas of apartments, and stores, colorful fabric-like materials are now being used in addition to tarpaulins. Also, in medium-sized and large commercial facilities and outdoor event venues, tarpaulins of 50 to 100m are being used. 2 A sunshade of this size is sometimes used, but since it is easily blown away by strong winds, a breathable mesh material is used. These sunshades are often installed on a daily basis as exteriors that blend in with the scenery of houses, buildings, and gardens, but they need to be quickly removed when a typhoon is approaching, a gust of wind, a tornado, or other such emergencies occur. Patent Document 1 discloses an invention for an external sunshade device that is a tent-type sunshade device for blocking the light coming in through a balcony window or an entrance, and that automatically rolls up the tent when a strong wind blows so that it will not be blown away by the wind. Patent Document 2 discloses an invention for a sunshade device that maintains the shape of the sunshade sheet when there is no wind or a light breeze, and when it receives a wind of a certain level or more, the corner ends of the sunshade sheet move in a fluttering manner following the wind, allowing the wind acting on the sunshade sheet to escape. The applicant has also disclosed in Patent Document 3 an invention for a fabric-like heat-shielding mesh sheet for sunshades and blinds that has a soothing, natural fiber-like appearance and is excellent in heat-shielding effect, durability, and transparency to the outside world.

[0003] Recently, a retractable sunshade structure (for example, Figs. 1 to 7 of Patent Document 2) that applies the furling technique used to fold and roll up the sails of sailboats and cruiser yachts has been attracting attention as an advanced version of a tarp tent. The retractable sunshade structure is a structure consisting of a shade (rectangular or triangular), a support such as a pole, and a swivel mechanism, and the deployed sunshade can be protected from destruction by being rolled up by the rope axis of the swivel mechanism in the event of a strong wind, escaping wind pressure. Such a handy folding umbrella-like sunshade structure is lightweight and can be used as a sunshade or rain shelter as appropriate, and can be easily rolled up and stored when not needed as a daily task. The material of this shade is selected from conventional sunshade tent materials such as woven fabric, knitted fabric, mesh, and resin-treated fabric depending on the function and design. In particular, knitted fabrics have the characteristic of being highly elastic in many directions and being able to freely respond to deformations when unfolded or rolled up, but for example, the tension of the four corners of a rectangular shade causes the sides of the rectangle to bend into an arc. One solution to this problem is to increase the number of support points on each side to prevent the arc-like curvature, but this makes it difficult to unfold and store the shade, and reduces the usefulness of the retractable shade. On the other hand, woven fabrics have poor elasticity and do not cause the sides of the rectangle to bend into an arc due to the tension when unfolded, but the woven structure becomes loose when subjected to tension for a long period of time, and this looseness can cause wrinkles when rolled up, and the wrinkles can overlap and cause wrinkled swelling. This is because the fabric is formed by intertwining warp and weft threads at right angles, and is excellent in dimensional stability and does not easily deform when tension is applied in the warp and weft directions of the fabric, but when tension is applied obliquely, the warp and weft threads are pulled in the tension point direction, causing deformation and distortion in the weave. This deformation and distortion is particularly noticeable in mesh fabrics (including resin-processed fabrics) with a high void ratio, but mesh sheets are excellent in design, light weight, lighting, and breathability, and at the same time, they prevent rain from dripping during light rainfall due to the water film effect caused by surface tension in the meshes (voids), so in recent years there has been a growing demand for them as sunshades.Therefore, dimensional stability and robustness are strongly required for shade materials such as woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, meshes, and resin-treated fabrics, and the issue of dimensional stability is also important in the system design of retractable sunshade structures. However, the tent-type sunshade sheets in Patent Documents 1 and 2 do not mention the important issue of wrinkles caused by slack in the shade fabric and the need for improvement. In addition, it is now a challenge to adapt to global efforts to build a society with reduced carbon dioxide emissions in the future by extending the life cycle of the shade material itself to reduce the amount of waste, that is, by reducing the use of petroleum resources for the production of new shade materials. On the other hand, sunshade materials are expected to have a heat-shielding effect to reduce electricity consumption in the summer, regardless of the form of woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, meshes, resin-treated fabrics, etc., and these social needs are also essential in the design of retractable sunshade structures. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 10-266502 [Patent Document 2] JP 2015-004224 A [Patent Document 3] JP 2015-093392 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a retractable sunshade structure that is less susceptible to wrinkles and swelling due to winding in the ceiling membrane, and further to provide an openable sunshade structure that has heat insulation properties, excellent weather resistance, an extended service life, and can be colored freely. The need for extending the service life comes from the fact that the cycle of disposal and replacement of the sunshade (ceiling membrane) is lengthened, which has the ripple effect of reducing the production of new sunshades, thereby reducing the consumption of petrochemical resources and contributing to the conservation of a sustainable global environment. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] As a result of considering these points and carrying out repeated studies, we have come up with a sunshade structure consisting of a rectangular or parallelogram ceiling membrane, four supports, A, B, C, D, and a rope shaft, in which the ceiling membrane is made of any one of tarpaulin, canvas, and mesh sheet, or a combination of these, made of a fabric coated with a thermoplastic resin composition, and the rope shaft is permanently installed between supports A and C (or B and D) which are diagonal corners, and the ceiling membrane is extended by four supports (rectangle or parallelogram) in which a straight line portion connecting one diagonal corner is fixed to the rope shaft, and the other diagonal corner is fixed to supports B and D (or A and C) by an operating rope that can be freely attached and detached, and the supports are The inventors have discovered that a retractable sunshade structure which is less prone to winding wrinkles and winding bulges can be obtained by releasing the fixed operating rope of the ceiling membrane from the ceiling membrane and winding it around the rope shaft, supporting and storing the ceiling membrane between two pillars, and by arranging the ceiling membrane to include warp threads and weft threads (or bias threads) such that one of the threads crosses the rope shaft at an angle of 70° to 90°, and further by limiting the quadrilateral shape of the ceiling membrane to a rectangle or a parallelogram, thereby obtaining a retractable sunshade structure which is less prone to winding wrinkles and winding bulges. The requirement for obtaining a retractable sunshade structure that is less susceptible to winding wrinkles and winding wrinkle bulges is that the warp threads of the ceiling membrane are arranged to intersect with the rope axis at an angle of 70° to 90°, or that the weft threads are arranged to intersect with the rope axis at an angle of 70° to 90°, which angle is synonymous with 90° to 110°.

[0007] The openable sunshade structure of the present invention is a sunshade structure consisting of a square, rectangular, or trapezoidal ceiling membrane, two support poles fixed to the building wall surface, and a rope shaft, the ceiling membrane being any one of tarpaulin, canvas, and mesh sheet made of a woven material coated with a thermoplastic resin composition, or a combination of these, the rope shaft being permanently installed on the building wall surface, the ceiling membrane having one side fixed to the rope shaft, and the corners of both ends of the side opposite to the fixed side being fixed to the two support poles. The inventors have found that a retractable sunshade structure that is unlikely to develop winding wrinkles or bulges can be obtained by extending the structure by fixing it to two supports / building walls that are detachably fixed with an operating rope, and then undoing the operation rope from the two supports to be wound around the rope shaft and stored on the building wall, and the ceiling membrane includes warp threads and weft threads (or bias threads) and is arranged so that the warp threads cross the rope shaft at an angle of 70° to 90°, thereby completing the present invention. The requirements for obtaining a retractable sunshade structure that is unlikely to develop winding wrinkles or bulges are that the warp threads of the ceiling membrane are arranged so that they cross the rope shaft at an angle of 70° to 90°, or that the weft threads cross the rope shaft at an angle of 70° to 90°, which is synonymous with 90° to 110°.

[0008] In the openable / closable sunshade structure of the present invention, the thermoplastic resin composition preferably contains a keto / enol tautomer (one or more selected from benzotriazole tautomers, triazine tautomers, and diphenyl ketone tautomers) and a near-infrared reflective metal oxide. This keto / enol tautomer repeats mutual conversion between the enol isomer and the keto isomer in nanosecond units when stimulated by sunlight (ultraviolet rays), so that the enol and keto isomers coexist in equilibrium in the thermoplastic resin composition, and the ultraviolet energy received is converted into thermal energy of molecular vibrations in the mutual conversion and released outside the system. This energy attenuation effect can reduce damage to the ceiling film caused by ultraviolet rays, thereby improving the weather resistance and durability of the ceiling film (tarpaulin, canvas, mesh sheet). In addition, by containing near-infrared reflective metal oxide, it is possible to color the ceiling film (tarpaulin, canvas, mesh sheet) as desired, while at the same time imparting a heat-shielding effect to the ceiling film and improving its weather resistance and durability. Effect of the Invention

[0009] According to the present invention, a retractable sunshade structure that is unlikely to develop wrinkles or swelling due to winding can be obtained. Furthermore, it is possible to provide an openable sunshade structure that has heat insulation properties, excellent weather resistance, an extended service life, and can be colored freely. Specifically, the openable sunshade structure can be used in various sizes in the garden of a house, the balcony of an apartment building, a store, a medium-sized or large commercial facility, an outdoor event venue, a campsite, a beach house, etc. In particular, by extending the service life of the ceiling membrane (tarpaulin, canvas, mesh sheet) of the retractable sunshade structure, the frequency of disposal (i.e., replacement) can be reduced, and at the same time, the amount of new production of the ceiling membrane can be reduced. Furthermore, the heat insulation effect is added to reduce the consumption of petrochemical resources that cause carbon dioxide emissions, and it is expected to contribute to the conservation of a sustainable global environment. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] A diagram showing the deployment of the openable sunshade structure (four poles) of the present invention. [Diagram 2]A diagram showing how the openable sunshade structure (four poles) of the present invention can be stored. [Diagram 3] Ceiling membrane thread angle to rope axis (Examples and Comparative Examples) DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0011] The openable / closable sunshade structure of the present invention has two types of extension: a type in which a rectangular or parallelogram ceiling membrane is suspended from the tops of four pillars, and a type in which it is suspended by fixing the tops of two pillars to the building wall. The four pillar type is a sunshade structure (1) consisting of a rectangular or parallelogram ceiling membrane (1-1), four pillars A, B, C, and D (1-2) that form a quadrangle, and a rope shaft (1-3). The ceiling membrane is made of a fabric (for example, 16 to 50 m thick) coated with a thermoplastic resin composition. 2), either tarpaulin, canvas, or mesh sheet, or a combination of these. The four supports, A, B, C, and D, are arranged in a square shape (rectangle or parallelogram) of similar size to the ceiling membrane. The rope shaft is permanently installed at the top of the diagonal supports A and C (or the top of B and D), and the ceiling membrane is fixed to the top of two supports, with the straight part connecting two diagonal corners A and C (or B and D) always fixed to the rope shaft, and the other diagonal corners B and D (or A and C) have operating ropes (1-4) extending from each of the corners. By releasing the cleat and string fastener of this operating rope and pulling it, the ceiling membrane wound around the rope shaft is unrolled and spread out, and the corners are detachably fixed to the tops of the supports B and D (or A and C) to spread out at four posts (Fig. 1), and the ceiling membrane corners are released from the two posts to be supported and stored between the two posts (Fig. 2), where they are wound around the rope shaft by the winding drum and furling line (1-5). In this state, the operating rope is cleat-fastened and string-fastened. This ceiling membrane can also be fixed in any shade state during the opening and closing of the ceiling membrane. The ceiling membrane includes warp threads and weft threads (or bias threads), and it is essential that one of these threads (1-6) crosses the rope shaft at an angle of 70° to 90°, which is synonymous with 90° to 110°. The rope shaft (1-3) is an anti-twist rope (for example, a 5-12m stainless steel rope) with stainless steel thimbles at both ends, a halyard swivel at one end, and a corrosion-resistant take-up drum (an endless line drum fitted with a ball bearing type tack swivel) and furling line (a rope spliced ​​in a loop to turn the drum) made of stainless steel or anodized aluminum at the other end. The ceiling membrane can be taken up by manually or mechanically pulling the furling line to turn the take-up drum, and the operating rope is fixed with a cleat, string fastener, etc. The endless line drum fitted with a tack swivel is a tension adjustment mechanism when the ceiling membrane is deployed.Here, a pillar is a 2 to 4m high component that suspends and supports the four corners of a rectangular ceiling membrane; it is a pillar (made of wood, metal, synthetic resin, a composite of these, or tree), a pillar that is integrated with a building or structure, and is equipped with accessories such as detachable connecting means such as metal joint hooks, metal carabiner hooks, and metal shackles, a guide mechanism for paying out / retracting the operating rope such as a pulley, and an operating rope fixing mechanism such as a cleat or string fastener.

[0012] Another openable sunshade structure is a sunshade structure (2) consisting of a square, rectangular, or trapezoidal ceiling membrane (1-1), two support posts (1-2A) / fixed to the building wall (1-2B) that form a rectangle, and a rope shaft (1-3). The two support posts (1-2A) / fixed to the building wall (1-2B) are arranged in a rectangular shape (square, rectangular, or trapezoid) that is similar in size to the ceiling membrane. The ceiling membrane is made of a fabric (e.g., 16 to 50 mm thick) coated with a thermoplastic resin composition. 2 ), either tarpaulin, canvas, or mesh sheet, or a combination of these, and the shape is square, rectangular, or trapezoid. The rope shaft is permanently fixed to the building wall, and one side of the ceiling membrane is fixed to the rope shaft, and the two corners at both ends of the side opposite the fixed side are equipped with operating ropes (1-4) extending from the corners. By releasing the cleat and string fasteners of this operating rope and pulling it, the ceiling membrane wound around the rope shaft is unrolled and stretched, and the ceiling membrane is stretched by the two poles / building wall surface fixed detachably to the two poles, and the ceiling membrane corners are released from the poles, allowing it to be wound around the rope shaft by the winding drum and furling line (1-5) and fixed to the building wall for storage, and in this state the operating rope is cleat and string fastened. This ceiling membrane can also be fixed in any shade state during opening and closing. The ceiling membrane includes warp threads and weft threads, and one of the threads (1-6) must be arranged to cross the rope axis at an angle of 70° to 90°, which is synonymous with 90° to 110°. The rope axis, top swivel, winding drum, furling line, and support are the same as those described in paragraph

[0011] . The wall support is a support that utilizes the wall surface of a building, house, objet d'art, large vehicle, etc.

[0013] The ceiling membrane used in the openable / closable sunshade structure of the present invention is a fabric (for example, 16 to 50 mm thick) coated with a thermoplastic resin composition. 2The tarpaulin is a flexible waterproof laminate having a thickness of 0.25 to 0.75 mm, which is obtained by laminating a thermoplastic resin composition film (0.1 to 0.2 mm thick) on both sides of a woven fabric made of long-fiber multifilament yarn, and can be used in any color such as transparent, colored transparent, achromatic (white, black, gray), chromatic (red, blue, yellow, etc.), metallic, etc., with a total light transmittance (JIS K7375) of 0 to 60%. Examples of total light transmittance include 30 to 60% for transparent and colored transparent shades, such as "Trademark: Sundream" manufactured by Hiraoka Ori-sen Co., Ltd., and 0 to 15% for achromatic and chromatic shades, such as "Trademark: Tarpo Canvas" manufactured by Hiraoka Ori-sen Co., Ltd. These can be two-tone on both sides, for example with a chromatic color on the outside (such as blue) and an achromatic color on the inside (such as white), making the exterior of the shade colorful and the interior comfortable and relaxing. The canvas is a flexible waterproof laminate with a thickness of 0.4 to 0.6 mm, which is formed by impregnating and coating (100 to 250% by mass of the fabric) a liquid thermoplastic resin composition (for example, soft polyvinyl chloride resin paste sol) on both sides of a fabric made of short fiber spun yarn, solidifying the composition into a film to form a thermoplastic resin layer, and can be used in any color such as achromatic colors (white, black, gray) or chromatic colors (red, blue, yellow, etc.) with a total light transmittance (JIS K7375) of 0 to 15%, and specific examples include "Ultramax" and "Papylook" made by Hiraoka Ori-sen Co., Ltd. The canvas also includes water-repellent canvas with a woven appearance, in which the fabric is impregnated and coated with a thermoplastic resin composition at 5 to 50% by mass.The mesh sheet is a breathable laminate having a thickness of 0.2 to 0.75 mm, which is formed by impregnating and coating the entire surface of a coarse woven fabric made of long-fiber multifilament yarn with a liquid thermoplastic resin composition (for example, a soft polyvinyl chloride resin paste sol), solidifying the composition into a film, and forming a thermoplastic resin layer at 100 to 200% by mass relative to the mass of the coarse woven fabric. The mesh sheet has a total light transmittance (JIS K7375) of 10 to 30%, and can be colored in any desired color such as achromatic colors (white, black, gray) or chromatic colors (red, blue, yellow, etc.). Specific examples of such products include "Tarpo Screen", "Light Screen", and "Shady Screen" made by Hiraoka Ori-sen Co., Ltd., and those with a void ratio of 5 to 30%, and particularly 10 to 25%, have an excellent balance of breathability, light gathering, drip resistance, and wind resistance.

[0014] The fabric used for the ceiling membrane can be a fabric containing warp threads and weft threads, or a triaxial fabric containing warp threads and bias threads (right-upward, left-upward), and the threads constituting each of them can be a multifilament thread, a staple spun thread, or a covered thread. The multifilament thread includes bulky processed threads such as taslan threads and woolly threads, and threads (untwisted or twisted) with a fineness of 125 to 1000 denier (139 to 1111 dtex) can be used. The staple spun thread can be a twisted thread such as 10-count single thread (590 dtex) to 30-count single thread (197 dtex) or 14-count two-ply thread (844 dtex) to 30-count two-ply thread (394 dtex). The covered thread is a fiber with a core-sheath two-layer structure in which a multifilament thread is used as the core and another fiber (staple fiber) is wrapped around the outer periphery. In particular, mesh sheets using coarse woven fabrics (including triaxial woven fabrics) with fluff made of bulky processed yarns such as taslan yarns and woolly yarns, short fiber spun yarns, or covering yarns have a matte appearance due to the fluff, giving them a warm appearance, making them ideal for sunshade structures. Any fiber can be used for these yarns, such as synthetic fibers, natural fibers (cotton, kenaf, etc.), semi-synthetic fibers (acetate, rayon), inorganic fibers (glass, silica, silica alumina), and mixed fibers consisting of two or more of these fibers, but synthetic fibers are generally preferred, such as polypropylene fibers, polyethylene fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, polyester (polyethylene terephthalate: PET, polybutylene terephthalate: PBT, polynaphthalene terephthalate: PNT, etc.) fibers, nylon fibers, and regenerated fibers of these fibers (fibers spun from resins resynthesized from monomers obtained by depolymerizing recycled fibers).

[0015] The woven fabrics that can be used include plain weave fabrics, basket weave fabrics, twill weave fabrics, satin weave fabrics, imitation gauze fabrics, and twill weave fabrics (gauze fabrics and ramie fabrics), and among them, imitation gauze fabrics and twill weave fabrics (gauze fabrics and ramie fabrics) are particularly suitable for mesh sheets because they provide coarse fabrics that are less likely to cause misalignment. The tear strength of these woven fabrics can be dramatically increased by using a ripstop fabric made by inserting multifilament yarns such as wholly aromatic polyester fibers, wholly aromatic polyamide fibers, and aromatic heterocyclic polymer fibers (polybenzimidazole, polybenzoxazole, polybenzothiazole) at specific intervals as part of the woven fabric. The yarn density of the fabric used for the tarpaulin is as follows: the warp and weft multifilament yarns each have a fineness of 125 to 1000 denier (139 to 1111 dtex), 12 to 50 yarns / inch, preferably 500 to 1000 denier (555 to 1111 dtex), 18 to 36 yarns / inch, a void ratio (the total occupancy rate of the space generated by the intertwining of the yarns) of 5 to 20%, and a basis weight of 100 to 225 g / m 2 The yarn density of the fabric used for the canvas is 10-count single yarn (591 dtex) to 24-count single yarn (246 dtex) for the warp and weft, or 20-count two-ply yarn (590 dtex) to 30-count two-ply yarn (394 dtex) with 40 to 80 ends / inch, preferably 14-count single yarn (422 dtex) or 24-count two-ply yarn (492 dtex) with 40 to 60 ends / inch, void ratio of 0 to 12%, and basis weight of 100 to 250 g / m 2 The yarn density of the imitation fabric used for the mesh sheet is 6 to 12 yarns / inch for the warp and weft multifilament yarns, each with a fineness of 500 to 1000 denier (555 to 1111 dtex), with a void ratio of 5 to 30%, and a basis weight of 50 to 150 g / m 2 By controlling the porosity, it is possible to control various properties, such as heat insulation, lighting, visibility, breathability, and waterproofing (preventing raindrops from entering due to the surface tension effect that creates a film of rainwater in the gaps).

[0016] These textiles can be used after being subjected to known dyeing and finishing processes such as scouring, dyeing, softening, water repellency, mildew resistance, flame resistance, and calendaring. Since ceiling membranes are made by cutting and sewing raw materials such as tarpaulin, canvas, and mesh sheets, cut surfaces are present in the ceiling membrane, and rainwater containing mold spores will seep deep into the ceiling membrane through capillary action from the textile layer exposed at the cut surfaces, causing mold colonies to appear and create shadows on the shade, damaging the aesthetic appearance. In order to prevent such capillary water absorption, it is preferable to apply a water repellent (water absorption prevention) treatment to the entire textile. Perfluoroalkyl group-containing copolymer resins can be used as a water repellent agent, and the thickness of the textile layer per meter of the textile can be increased by 100 mm. 2 0.1~10g / m 2 , especially 0.3 to 3 g / m 2The amount of attached solids is preferably 100 to 2000. The water repellent is a copolymer made of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a perfluoroalkyl group having 8 or less carbon atoms, preferably 6 or less carbon atoms, or a perfluoroalkenyl group having 8 or less carbon atoms, preferably 6 or less carbon atoms. Specific examples of such a copolymer include emulsions of copolymer resins of acrylate and / or methacrylate having a perfluoroalkyl group with (meth)acrylic acid, (meth)acrylic acid ester, (meth)acrylamide, maleic acid or phthalic acid alkyl ester, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, ethylene, styrene, etc. The water repellent reduces the surface energy by orienting and aligning the perfluoroalkyl group by thermal curing at 130 to 180°C, thereby further enhancing the water repellency. Other water repellents that can be used include silicon-based water repellents such as methylchlorosilane, methylpolysiloxane resin, dimethylpolysiloxane, and methylhydrogenpolysiloxane; paraffin-based water repellents such as n-paraffin wax having 20 to 48 carbon atoms and a melting point of 50 to 70°C; complexes of these paraffin-based compounds with zirconium, for example, complexes in which paraffin-based compounds are reacted with basic zirconium such as zirconium acetate, zirconium hydrochloride, zirconium nitrate, and zirconium hydroxide; and alkylene urea compounds (octadecylethylene urea), aliphatic amide compounds (N-methylolstearylamide), polyvinylpyrrolidone, and water-absorbent resins (which suppress capillary action by swelling when they retain water), such as sodium polyacrylate (crosslinked), carboxymethylcellulose crosslinked, and polyvinyl alcohol crosslinked. For water repellent (water absorption prevention) treatment, two water repellent layers, an inner layer and an outer layer, can be formed by two impregnation steps using different types of water repellent agents, or a two-type mixed water repellent layer can be formed by one impregnation. For forming two water repellent layers, it is preferable to form the inner layer provisionally by only drying treatment after the first impregnation, and then perform thermal curing at 130 to 180°C all at once after the second impregnation.

[0017] The tarpaulin embodiment used for the ceiling membrane of the openable sunshade structure of the present invention is a tarpaulin made by hot kneading a thermoplastic resin composition (particularly preferably soft polyvinyl chloride resin) and melt-rolling it by a calendar method or a T-die extrusion method to produce a film having a thickness of 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm, a void ratio (the total occupancy rate of the spaces generated by the intertwining of threads) of 5 to 20%, and a basis weight of 100 to 225 g / m. 2 The canvas can be made by heat-melting and pressing the fabric on both sides, bridging the front and back films with a gap between them, to obtain a flexible waterproof laminate having a thickness of 0.25 to 0.75 mm. The canvas can be made by applying a thermoplastic resin composition in a liquid state (particularly preferably a paste of vinyl chloride resin / plasticizer, etc.) to a canvas having a porosity of 0 to 12% and a basis weight of 100 to 250 g / m2. 2 The resin-impregnated coated woven fabric has a thickness of 0.4 to 0.6 mm and is produced by a dipping method in which the surface and inside of the woven fabric are impregnated and coated by a coating method such as knife coating or clearance coating, and then the resultant is thermally dried or heat-gelled, or the woven fabric (mentioned above) is immersed in a liquid bath filled with a thermoplastic resin composition in solution (particularly preferably a vinyl chloride resin paste), and is pulled up and simultaneously squeezed between a pair of rubber rolls, followed immediately by thermal drying or heat-gelling. The mesh sheet has a porosity of 10 to 40% and a basis weight of 50 to 150 g / m2, and is immersed in a liquid bath filled with a thermoplastic resin composition in solution (particularly preferably a paste of vinyl chloride resin / plasticizer, etc.). 2 This is a mesh sheet made of resin-impregnated coated fabric with a thickness of 0.2 to 0.75 mm, produced by the dipping method in which the fabric is immersed in the resin, pulled up and simultaneously squeezed between a pair of rubber rolls, and immediately thereafter heat-dried or heat-gelled.

[0018] The thermoplastic resin composition constituting the ceiling membrane is a thermoplastic resin or elastomer with a Shore A hardness of about 35 to 85, such as soft vinyl chloride resin (blended with plasticizer), vinyl chloride copolymer resin, chlorinated vinyl chloride resin, olefin resin (PE, PP), olefin copolymer resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin (EVA), ethylene-(meth)acrylic acid (ester) copolymer resin, urethane resin, vinyl acetate copolymer resin, styrene copolymer resin, polyester copolymer resin, or fluorine-containing copolymer resin. Two or more of these may be blended in a compatible or semi-compatible state, or two or more may be multi-layered films or multi-layered coatings. An elastomer is a block copolymer resin made of two or more monomers, and is a flexible resin in which each block component constitutes a hard segment and a soft segment. The compositions of these thermoplastic resins or elastomers contain keto / enol tautomers (one or more selected from benzotriazole-based tautomers, triazine-based tautomers, and diphenyl ketone-based tautomers) and near-infrared reflective metal oxides, and any additives may be added as necessary. Additional components include colorants such as organic pigments, inorganic pigments, aluminum luster pigments, pearl pigments, and dyes, flame retardants such as antimony trioxide, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, zinc borate, bromine-substituted organic compounds, and phosphate esters, weathering stabilizers such as antioxidants (hindered phenols, phosphites, sulfur, vitamin E, etc.), and hindered amine light stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers such as zinc oxide, titanium oxide, and cerium oxide, antistatic agents such as surfactants, ionic liquids, conductive carbon, carbon nanotubes, and fullerenes, anti-wear agents such as isocyanates, acrylates, epoxies, silane coupling agents, and silicone oils, as well as antifungal agents, antibacterial agents, and insect repellents. As the thermoplastic resin composition constituting the ceiling membrane, soft polyvinyl chloride resin (with plasticizer) is particularly preferred.

[0019] The keto / enol tautomers (one or more selected from benzotriazole tautomers, triazine tautomers, and diphenyl ketone tautomers) contained in the thermoplastic resin or elastomer composition are R 2 -CH-(C=O)-R 1 (keto isomer) and R 2 -C=CH(OH)-R 1 The organic compound is a compound that can be reversibly converted between the keto type and the enol type (enol type isomer), and has the property that both isomers, keto type and enol type, repeatedly convert to each other and coexist in an equilibrium state. These are preferably benzotriazole-based compounds having a molecular weight in the range of 250 to 700, particularly hydroxyphenylbenzotriazole derivatives as the enol type, triazine-based compounds having a molecular weight in the range of 250 to 700, particularly hydroxyphenyl-1,3,5-triazine derivatives as the enol type, and diphenyl ketone-based compounds having a molecular weight in the range of 200 to 400, particularly hydroxydiphenyl ketone derivatives as the enol type, and the blending amount of these is 0.2 to 5 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin. By including a keto / enol tautomer in the thermoplastic resin composition, the keto / enol tautomer repeatedly converts between the enol isomer and the keto isomer in the ceiling film when excited by solar (ultraviolet) energy, and the ultraviolet energy is converted into molecular vibration energy of the interconversion and released outside the system, thereby attenuating deterioration damage caused by ultraviolet rays. In addition, by including an N-OR hindered amine compound in the thermoplastic resin composition, light resistance is further improved. The N-OR type hindered amine compound has one, two, four, or six hindered amine structures in its molecular structure, and preferably has a molecular weight of 200 to 400 (one hindered amine structure), 400 to 700 (2 to 3 hindered amine structures), 700 to 1000 (4 to 5 hindered amine structures), or 1000 to 2500 (6 or more hindered amine structures), and the blending amount of these is 0.1 to 2.5 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin.

[0020] The near-infrared reflective metal oxide contained in the thermoplastic resin composition is preferably 1) one or more white metal oxides selected from titanium oxide, zinc oxide, and antimony oxide, 2) one or more red metal oxides selected from zinc-iron-chromium composite oxide and zinc-iron-chromium-aluminum composite oxide, 3) one or more blue metal oxides selected from cobalt-aluminum composite oxide, cobalt-aluminum-chromium composite oxide, cobalt-aluminum-magnesium composite oxide, cobalt-aluminum-zinc composite oxide, cobalt-tin composite oxide, cobalt-nickel-zinc composite oxide, cobalt-nickel-titanium-zinc composite oxide, cobalt-zinc-magnesium composite oxide, cobalt-zinc-chromium-titanium composite oxide, and cobalt-zinc-nickel-titanium composite oxide, 4) bismuth-barbital Examples of the metal oxides include one or more yellow-based metal oxides selected from sodium-aluminum composite oxide, nickel-barium-titanium composite oxide, nickel-titanium composite oxide, nickel-antimony-titanium composite oxide, chromium-antimony-titanium composite oxide, and lead-antimony-titanium composite oxide, and 5) one or more black-based metal oxides selected from iron-chromium composite oxide, iron-chromium-cobalt composite oxide, iron-chromium-cobalt-manganese composite oxide, copper-chromium composite oxide, copper-magnesium composite oxide, copper-chromium-manganese composite oxide, copper-bismuth composite oxide, and manganese-bismuth composite oxide. By including these in the thermoplastic resin composition of the ceiling film, the effect of suppressing the temperature rise of the ceiling film itself is obtained, and it is possible to lower the atmospheric temperature of the open space blocked by the ceiling film by about 1 to 3 ° C. In particular, titanium oxide has surface-treated coarse particles with a primary average particle size of 0.4 to 1.2 μm, which have excellent reflectivity in the near-infrared region (780 to 2500 nm), thereby obtaining a heat-shielding effect. In addition, a similar heat shielding effect can be obtained with surface-treated titanium oxide particles having a rod-like or square-like shape with a minor axis particle diameter of 0.4 to 0.8 μm, a major axis particle diameter of 2.0 to 4.0 μm, and an aspect ratio of 1:5 to 1:10.Surface treatments applied to near-infrared reflective metal oxides (particularly titanium oxide particles) are surface treatments using aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon oxide, etc., and these surface treatments can also be overlaid with surface treatments using silane coupling agents, saturated alkyl titanates, saturated alkyl silanes, polysiloxanes, and metal soaps (metal salts of long-chain fatty acids such as stearic acid and lauric acid and metals such as barium and zinc). The amount of these near-infrared reflective metal oxides to be blended is 3 to 20 parts by mass, preferably 5 to 12 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of thermoplastic resin. These near-infrared reflective metal oxides have a limited range of hues, so the range of hues can be expanded by using them in combination with general-purpose organic pigments and inorganic pigments.

[0021] By forming an anti-soiling layer on the surface of the ceiling film, i.e., on the (surface) thermoplastic resin layer, adhesion of soot and dust is prevented, and the beauty of the sunshade structure is maintained for a long time. At the same time, by maintaining the near-infrared reflective metal oxide contained in the thermoplastic resin layer in a state where it is not hidden by soot and dust stains, it is possible to achieve a stable heat shielding effect for a long time. The anti-soiling layer is a transparent coating film or a transparent film, and examples of these include acrylic resin, urethane resin, fluorine-based copolymer resin, acrylic resin / urethane resin combination, and acrylic resin / fluorine-based copolymer resin combination. On or within these anti-soiling layers, a photocatalyst layer containing a photocatalytic metal oxide such as titanium oxide, titanium peroxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, strontium titanate, tungsten oxide, bismuth oxide, and iron oxide can also be formed. This photocatalyst layer exerts photocatalytic activity to decompose oily soot and dust stains, and the decomposed matter is removed by rainfall, thereby maintaining the beauty of the structure. The antifouling layer (particularly the transparent coating film) may contain one or more keto / enol tautomers selected from benzotriazole tautomers, triazine tautomers, and diphenyl ketone tautomers, and N-OR hindered amines. The amount of the keto / enol tautomers contained in the antifouling layer is preferably 1 to 25 parts by mass, particularly 3 to 10 parts by mass, relative to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin binder of the antifouling layer. The amount of the N-OR hindered amine contained in the antifouling layer is preferably 0.5 to 12 parts by mass, particularly 1 to 6 parts by mass, relative to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin binder of the thin film layer. The thickness of the antifouling layer by coating is preferably 1 to 20 μm, particularly 3 to 12 μm. The coating antifouling layer can be formed by selecting from known coating methods such as gravure coating, wire bar coating, kiss coating, and clearance coating.

[0022] The ceiling membrane is any one of tarpaulin, canvas, and mesh sheet made of a fabric coated with a thermoplastic resin composition, or a combination of these, and these fabrics are fabrics containing warp threads and weft threads. The openable sunshade structure (1) of the present invention has four pillars A, B, C, and D that form a rectangle, and a rope shaft, and the rope shaft is permanently installed between the diagonal pillars AC (or BD), and the ceiling membrane includes warp threads and weft threads, and one of the threads (1-6) is arranged to cross the rope shaft at an angle of 70° to 90°, and it is preferable that when the ceiling membrane is folded in half along one diagonal line, the diagonals of the other diagonal line do not overlap. In other words, by limiting the quadrangle of the ceiling membrane to a rectangle or a parallelogram, a retractable sunshade structure that is less likely to cause winding wrinkles and winding wrinkle bulges can be obtained. The shape of the ceiling membrane is particularly excellent in terms of appearance balance when it is a rectangle (ratio of short side to long side length: about 1:1.1 to 1:1.6) or a parallelogram (ratio of short side to long side length: about 1:1.1 to 1:1.6). The ceiling membrane is a rectangular or parallelogram ceiling membrane made of a combination of two triangles (at the joint between the bases of the triangles, the weft is parallel to the base of the triangle) cut out from a sewn body made by joining 2 to 4 rolls of raw material (for example, 1 to 2.5 m wide x 50 to 100 m) such as tarpaulin, canvas, and mesh sheet, which contain warp threads in the longitudinal direction and weft threads in the transverse direction (high frequency welding with a lap width of 2 to 6 cm). It is necessary that the warp threads and weft threads are not in a parallel relationship with the sides of the ceiling membrane. If the warp and weft threads are parallel to the sides of the ceiling membrane, when it is folded in half diagonally, the warp and weft threads cannot cross at an angle of 70° to 90° with respect to the rope axis. In this state, when the ceiling membrane is wound or unwound around the rope axis and tension is applied to the ceiling membrane, the dimensional stabilization effect of the warp and weft threads cannot be obtained, and the ceiling membrane stretches, which remains as distortion in the ceiling membrane and causes wrinkles and bulges when wound. In particular, when the original fabric such as tarpaulin, canvas, and mesh sheet is a triaxial fabric, these connected sewn bodies can be used as they are as a rectangle or parallelogram for the ceiling membrane.The ceiling membrane is completed as one part cut from a roll of tarpaulin or the like to fit the size of the ceiling membrane, or is expanded by connecting two or more parts, and the connection can be achieved by overlapping the ends of the parts with a width of 2 to 6 cm and heat welding each other's thermoplastic resin layers (the thermoplastic resin layer on the back of the upper roll and the thermoplastic resin layer on the front of the lower roll) by known methods such as high-frequency welding, hot air welding, hot iron welding, etc. Also, it is possible to fold back the end of the ceiling membrane by 2 to 5 cm and sew two or three layers of edges, or sew edges by folding back and stacking core sheets, or apply reinforcement to the corners of the ceiling membrane where tension is applied, but the edges and corners that become bulky may promote wrinkles when rolled up, so it is necessary to flatten the edges by high-frequency welding.

[0023] The openable sunshade structure (2) of the present invention has two support columns forming a quadrangle, fixed to the building wall, and a rope shaft, the rope shaft being permanently installed on the building wall, the ceiling membrane including warp threads and weft threads, and one of these threads (1-6) must be arranged to cross the rope shaft at an angle of 70° to 90°. In a square, rectangle, or trapezoid cut from a raw material (e.g., 1 to 2.5 m wide x 50 to 100 m) of tarpaulin, canvas, mesh sheet, etc., which includes warp threads in the longitudinal direction and weft threads in the transverse direction, or in a square, rectangle, or trapezoid sewn from the raw material, one side (the short side for a rectangle, the base for a trapezoid) is fixed parallel to the rope shaft, and both ends of the rope shaft are fixed to the building wall. In this state, even if the ceiling membrane is tensioned by winding or unwinding it around the rope shaft, the presence of the warp or weft threads that cross the rope shaft at an angle of 70° to 90° provides sufficient dimensional stability, causing the ceiling membrane to stretch, which remains as distortion in the ceiling membrane and prevents wrinkles and bulges from occurring when it is wound up. The connection and expansion of the cut parts and the edge sewing of the ceiling membrane are the same as in paragraph

[0022] .

[0024] The specific examples and performance of the openable sunshade structure of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and comparative examples. The weather resistance and heat insulation of the openable sunshade structure were evaluated using the ceiling film piece constituting the openable sunshade structure, and the performance was applied to the performance of the openable sunshade structure. Accelerated weathering test In accordance with JIS K5600-7-7 "General coating test methods (Part 7) Long-term durability of coating film," the discoloration of the ceiling film piece (surface of the thermoplastic resin layer) was evaluated in terms of color difference ΔE (JIS Z8729) after 1000 hours, 1500 hours, and 2000 hours of exposure to a weathering accelerator. (The ceiling film piece before the acceleration is used as the standard.) ΔE=0~2.9: 1=No coloring allowed (compliant) ΔE=3~5.9: 2=Slight coloring is observed (compliant) ΔE=6~11.9: 3=Discoloration to light brown (affects appearance) ΔE=12~19.9: 4=discolored brown (abnormal appearance) ΔE=20~: 5=Discoloration to blackish brown (appearance abnormal) <Flexural durability after accelerated weathering test> Using pieces of ceiling film exposed to the weathering accelerator for 1000 hours, 1500 hours, and 2000 hours, a load of 1 kgf was applied to the ceiling film by bending and kneading it 500 times according to JIS L1096, section 8.19 "Abrasion strength method B (Scott method)", and the wear state of the ceiling film and the presence or absence of cracks were evaluated by observing 100x magnified images of the ceiling film using a digital microscope (VHX-1000: Keyence Corporation). 1: No abnormality found in the ceiling membrane (suitable) 2: Minor cracks in the ceiling membrane, but no peeling or falling off (compliant) 3: Numerous cracks in the ceiling membrane affecting the appearance 4: Numerous cracks in the ceiling membrane, with peeling and falling off of cracked pieces 5: The ceiling membrane has deteriorated and fallen off, exposing the fabric. <Heat shielding rate (%)> An infrared lamp simulating sunlight was used, and the rate at which the sheet pieces blocked radiant heat was taken as the heat shielding rate of the ceiling film and was measured according to the following test method. < Testing environment 〉 An infrared lamp (100V, 125W, Eye-R type: Iwasaki Electric Co., Ltd.) was attached to the center of the ceiling of a box-shaped structure with an inner diameter of 60cm height x 70cm width x 70cm length, which has the ability to block outside air and is airtight, and a base (8cm high) with a heat flow meter (Shortrm HFM heat flow meter: Showa Denko Co., Ltd.) sensor attached was constructed in the center of the bottom surface inside the test box. At this time, the distance from the ceiling to the tip of the infrared lamp was 22cm, and the distance from the tip of the infrared lamp to the sensor was 30cm (22cm + 30cm + 8cm = 60cm). The lamp was turned on in this environment, and the heat flow (kcal / m 2 h) every minute, and the heat flow rate qn (kcal / m 2 After the temperature inside the box-shaped structure was returned to 20°C, a test sheet (10 cm long x 10 cm wide) was placed on the base on which the sensor was attached, and a 3.5 mm thick transparent glass plate was placed on top of the test sheet. The lamp was then turned on and the heat flow rate (kcal / m 2 h) every minute, and the heat flow rate qc (kcal / m 2 h) was measured, and the thermal barrier coefficient pf (%) was calculated according to formula (2). Heat shielding rate pf(%) = [(qn-qc) / qn] × 100 (1) The higher the heat shielding rate pf (%), the higher the heat shielding effect. <Light transmittance (%)> Measurement was performed in accordance with JIS Z8722 (condition g) using a spectrophotometer CM-36dGV manufactured by Konica Minolta, Inc. <Whether or not there are wrinkles or bulges when rolling up the ceiling membrane> The ceiling membrane of Examples 1-3) in the shape of a parallelogram (a two-piece triangle with a base of 3.14 m, a hypotenuse of 2.7 m, and a hypotenuse of 3.1 m joined at the bases) and the ceiling membrane of Examples 7-9 and Comparative Examples 1-3) were wound around a rope shaft and unwound, which constituted one set. This was repeated 100 sets in an atmosphere at 24°C, and the wound diameter (longest wound part) after 100 sets was measured and compared with the wound diameter (longest wound part) of the first time.

[0025] [Example 1] <Textiles (1)> A plain weave fabric was used, consisting of 500 denier (555 dtex) polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers (96 filaments) and S-twisted 50 T / m PET multifilament yarns for the warp and weft groups, with the warp group having a weave of 17 threads per inch and the weft group having a weave of 18 threads per inch. The mass of this fabric (1) was 95 g / m 2 The porosity (total of holes) was 16%. <Tarpaulin> This woven fabric (1) was used as a substrate, and on both sides of it, a 0.14 mm-thick calendar-molded film made of the soft vinyl chloride resin composition shown in [Blend 1] below was used as a front and back thermoplastic resin layer, and melt-laminated by thermocompression bonding with a laminator to obtain a film with a thickness of 0.4 mm and a mass of 520 g / m. 2 The result was a tarpaulin (coral pink). [Formulation 1]: Soft polyvinyl chloride resin composition (compound) Vinyl chloride resin (degree of polymerization 1300) 100 parts by weight Diisononyl phthalate (plasticizer: Mw419) 55 parts by weight Tricresyl phosphate (flame retardant plasticizer) 10 parts by weight Epoxidized soybean oil (stabilizer and plasticizer) 5 parts by weight Barium / zinc composite stabilizer 2 parts by weight Antimony trioxide (flame retardant) 10 parts by mass Heat-shielding titanium oxide particles (average primary particle size 1 μm) 10 parts by mass * Surface treatment with aluminum oxide (outermost layer treated with stearic acid) Zinc-iron-chromium composite oxide (red near-infrared reflective metal oxide) 10 parts by mass Quinacridone Red (CI Pigment R207) 2.5 parts by weight Hindered phenol antioxidant 0.5 parts by mass Benzotriazole tautomer 3 parts by mass ※Enol type is a benzene ring with 1 hydroxyl group at 2 position and 0 ketone groups at 5 position. The 1-C bond between one ethyl group and the benzotriazole ring (without substituents) forms a C-N bond. The keto type is an organic compound with MW267, which has a hydroxyl group (0) / 2-ketone group (1) basis. One benzotriazole ring (5-tert-butyl group) and one benzotriazole ring (no substituents) ) and C-N bond (MW267), the 1st, 2nd, and 5th positions are the carbon positions of the benzene ring. Represents 10,10'-oxybisphenoxyarsine (mold inhibitor) 0.8 parts by mass

[0026] [Example 2] <Textiles (2)> The fabric was woven in a plain weave with a warp density of 54 threads / inch and a weft density of 46 threads / inch using 20-count two-ply polyester staple spun yarn (S-twist 300T / m) as the warp yarn and 10-count single-ply polyester staple spun yarn (S-twist 400T / m) as the weft yarn. The void ratio was 0 in appearance in terms of fuzz, and the mass was 240g / m 2 The fabric used was size 5. The fabric was treated for water repellency (dipping, heat treatment) with an acrylate / vinyl chloride resin copolymer emulsion (solid content 5% by mass) having a perfluoroalkyl group with 6 or less carbon atoms to prevent rainwater penetration (water absorption) in case of abnormality in the soft vinyl chloride resin impregnated coating layer. This was named woven fabric (2). <Canvas> A processing liquid for forming a soft vinyl chloride resin-impregnated coating layer of the following [Mixture 2] was prepared, which was mainly composed of a vinyl chloride resin composition paste. Next, a woven fabric (2) was dipped (immersed) in a liquid bath filled with this processing liquid, and the processing liquid of [Mixture 2] was impregnated into the woven fabric (2) at normal pressure. The woven fabric (2) was then pulled out of the liquid bath and simultaneously squeezed with a rubber mangle roll to remove excess processing liquid, forming a soft vinyl chloride resin-impregnated coating layer. Next, a gelling heat treatment was performed for 3 minutes in a hot air oven at 180°C, resulting in a soft vinyl chloride resin-impregnated coating layer of 290 g / m. 2 is formed on the entire surface of the fabric (2), and the thickness is 0.46 mm and the mass is 530 g / m 2The No. 5 canvas (pastel blue color) was obtained. This gelation heat treatment is a process in which the polyvinyl chloride resin composition paste is converted into soft polyvinyl chloride resin and at the same time the liquid synthetic rubber is crosslinked and converted into crosslinked rubber, forming a hybrid in which a three-dimensional crosslinked network is entangled with the polyvinyl chloride resin main chain throughout the entire area of ​​the soft polyvinyl chloride resin impregnated coating layer obtained. [Formulation 2] Paste sol for forming soft polyvinyl chloride resin impregnated coating layer Paste polyvinyl chloride resin (degree of polymerization 1700) 100 parts by weight Diisononyl phthalate (DINP plasticizer) 60 parts by weight Butadiene-based liquid rubber* 10 parts by mass Isocyanurate (HMDI* trimer: NCO crosslinking agent) 2 parts by weight Chlorinated paraffin (flame retardant and plasticizer) 5 parts by weight Epoxidized soybean oil (stabilizer and plasticizer) 4 parts by weight Antimony trioxide (flame retardant) 20 parts by weight Zinc stearate (stabilizer) 2 parts by weight Heat-shielding titanium oxide particles (average primary particle size 1 μm) 10 parts by mass Cobalt-aluminum-chromium composite oxide (Blue near-infrared reflective metal oxide) 10 parts by mass Copper phthalocyanine blue (β type) (CI Pigment B-15:3) 2.5 parts by mass Triazine tautomer* 3 parts by weight 10,10'-oxybisphenoxyarsine (mold inhibitor) 0.8 parts by mass Trichloroethylene (dilution solvent) 20 parts by weight *Butadiene liquid rubber: Contains 15% by mass of styrene as a block copolymer component. Properties: Average molecular weight 3000 with -COOH groups at both ends of the molecule *Isocyanurate, a trimer of HMDI (hexamethylene diisocyanate) Contains 3 isocyanate groups *Triazine tautomers: Enol type has 1 hydroxyl group at 2 position and 0 ketone groups The benzene ring (butoxy group at position 4) of each of the three C1s and the 1,3,5-triazine ring The organic compound MW367 is a C-C bond with C at the 2, 4, and 6 positions. The keto type is a hydroxyl group. (0 units) / 2-ketone group (1 unit) benzene ring (4-butoxy group) 3 units each with C at 1-position and a C-C bond (MW367) at the 2, 4, and 6 positions of the 1,3,5-triazine ring. The 1st, 2nd, and 4th positions represent the carbon positions of the benzene ring, and the 2nd, 4th, and 6th positions of the triazine ring represent the carbon positions of the Carbon position, 1, 3, 5 positions represent nitrogen N position

[0027] [Example 3] <Textiles (3)> A coarse-textured fabric (3) with a void ratio of 23% was used, in which 13 warp and weft yarns of 14-count two-ply (844 dtex) staple spun yarns of polyester (polyethylene terephthalate) fiber were woven per inch. A vinyl chloride resin composition paste composition for forming a soft vinyl chloride resin-impregnated coating layer was prepared as shown in [Blend 3] below. The coarse-textured fabric (3) was immersed (dipped) in a liquid bath of [Blend 3] to impregnate the coarse-textured fabric (3) with the paste composition of [Blend 3] at normal pressure. The coarse-textured fabric (3) was then pulled out of the liquid bath and simultaneously squeezed with a rubber mangle roll to remove excess paste composition, forming a soft vinyl chloride resin-impregnated coating layer. Next, a gelling heat treatment was performed for 3 minutes in a hot air oven at 180°C, resulting in a soft vinyl chloride resin-impregnated coating layer of 74 g / m 2 is formed on the entire surface of the coarse woven fabric (3), and has a thickness of 0.73 mm and a mass of 455 g / m 2 A matte cotton-like mesh sheet (pastel yellow color) with a porosity of 21% was obtained. This gelation heat treatment is a process in which the polyvinyl chloride resin composition paste composition is converted into soft polyvinyl chloride resin, and at the same time, liquid synthetic rubber (having either -COOH or -OH groups at the molecular end) is reacted with a polyisocyanate compound to convert it into crosslinked rubber, thereby forming a hybrid in which a rubber crosslinked network is entangled with the polyvinyl chloride resin main chain throughout the entire area of ​​the soft polyvinyl chloride resin impregnated coating layer obtained. [Formulation 3] Paste sol for forming soft polyvinyl chloride resin impregnated coating layer Paste polyvinyl chloride resin (degree of polymerization 1700) 100 parts by weight Diisononyl phthalate (DINP plasticizer) 60 parts by weight Butadiene-based liquid rubber* 10 parts by mass Isocyanurate (HDI* trimer: NCO crosslinking agent) 2 parts by weight Chlorinated paraffin (flame retardant and plasticizer) 5 parts by weight Epoxidized soybean oil (stabilizer and plasticizer) 4 parts by weight Antimony trioxide (flame retardant) 20 parts by weight Zinc stearate (stabilizer) 2 parts by weight Heat-shielding titanium oxide particles (average primary particle size 1 μm) 10 parts by mass Chromium-antimony-titanium composite oxide (Yellow near-infrared reflective metal oxide) 10 parts by mass Chromophthal Azo Yellow GR (CI Pigment Y-95) 2.5 parts by weight Diphenyl ketone tautomer* 3 parts by mass Trichloroethylene (dilution solvent) 20 parts by weight *Butadiene liquid rubber: Contains 15% by mass of styrene as a block copolymer component. Properties: Average molecular weight 3000 with -COOH groups at both ends of the molecule *Isocyanurate, a trimer of HMDI (hexamethylene diisocyanate) Contains 3 isocyanate groups *Enol type: 2-hydroxyl group (1), ketone group (0), 4-octoxy group (1) ) 1 C at the 1st position of the benzene ring (without other substituents) and The keto type is an organic compound with MW296 in which the hydroxyl group (0) is bonded through a C=O bond. Benzene ring with 1 ketone group at 2-position and 1 octoxy group at 4-position (no other substituents) One C at position 1 is bonded to the benzene ring (without other substituents) via a C=O (MW 296 ) and the 1st, 2nd, and 4th positions represent the carbon positions of the benzene ring.

[0028] [Examples 4 to 6] An antifouling layer (8 μm) made of a fluorocopolymer resin containing a benzotriazole tautomer and an N-OR hindered amine in a mass ratio of 3:1 was added to one surface of the tarpaulin of Example 1, the canvas of Example 2, and the mesh sheet of Example 3. The antifouling layer was formed by applying the solution of [Blend 4] with a 120 mesh gravure roll coater, and drying and solidifying the solution at 120° C. for 1 minute. [Formulation 4]: Antifouling layer Fluoroalkyl vinyl ether (containing hydroxyl group) 100 parts by mass *Paint containing 40% fluoropolymer resin by mass: Solvent toluene / MEK (1:1) Hexamethylene diisocyanate (hardening agent) 5 parts by weight Benzotriazole tautomer (Example 1) 6 parts by weight N-OR type hindered amine 2 parts by mass *Bis(1-undecaoxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) Carbonate (MW681)

[0029] From each of the widthwise joined pieces (wrap width 6 cm) of two tarpaulin raw rolls (1.6 m wide) of Example 1, the widthwise joined pieces (wrap width 6 cm) of two canvas raw rolls (1.6 m wide) of Example 2, and the widthwise joined pieces (wrap width 6 cm) of two mesh sheet raw rolls (1.6 m wide) of Example 3, one triangular piece with a base of 3.14 m, hypotenuse of 2.7 m, and hypotenuse of 3.1 m (the weft threads are parallel to the base of the triangle), and one triangular piece with a base of 3.14 m, hypotenuse of 3.1 m, and hypotenuse of 2.7 m (the weft threads are parallel to the base of the triangle), were obtained. The bases of the triangles were high-frequency welded together with a lap width of 4 cm to obtain a parallelogram-shaped ceiling membrane (Examples 1, 2, and 3). The ceiling membrane (1-1) of Examples 1 to 3 was stretched and attached to four pillars A, B, C, and D (forming a parallelogram with the same shape as the ceiling membrane: 1-2) to obtain a sunshade structure (1). The rope shaft (1-3) was permanently installed at the top of the diagonal pillars A and C, and the ceiling membrane was fixed to the top of the two pillars, with the straight line connecting two diagonal corners A and C being permanently fixed to the rope shaft, and the other diagonal corners B and D were equipped with operating ropes (1-4) extending from each of the corners. The ceiling membrane includes warp threads and weft threads (or bias threads), and is arranged so that the warp threads (1-6) cross the rope shaft at an angle of 70° to 90° (Figure 3: Example). The rope shaft is an anti-twist rope (3m stainless steel rope) with stainless steel thimbles at both ends, one end of which is equipped with a halyard swivel, and the other end is equipped with a take-up drum (endless line drum with a tack swivel) and a furling line (rope spliced ​​into a loop to turn the drum). By pulling this furling line, the take-up drum can be turned to wind up the ceiling membrane, and the control rope is fixed with a cleat, a string fastener, etc. This endless line drum is a tension adjustment mechanism when the ceiling membrane is deployed. The supports are 3.3m high stainless steel components that suspend and support the four corners of the ceiling membrane, and are equipped with accessories such as metal joint hooks, detachable connecting means such as metal shackles, guide means for paying out / retracting the control rope such as pulleys, and means for fixing the control rope such as cleats and string fasteners. By releasing and pulling the cleat and string of the operating rope, the ceiling membrane wound around the rope shaft is unrolled and stretched, and the corners of the ceiling membrane are detachably fixed to the tops of the pillars B and D, and the membrane is stretched at four points by the two pillars detachably fixed. Next, the ceiling membrane corners are released from the two pillars detachably fixed, and the membrane is wound around the rope shaft by the furling line (1-5) and stored between the two pillars (Fig. 2). This operation of winding and unwinding around the rope shaft is counted as one set, and 100 sets were repeated in an atmosphere of 24°C, and the diameter of the winding after the 100th set was measured and compared with the diameter of the first winding. The diameter of the winding was measured at the longest winding point. As a result, the texture of the ceiling membrane became softer after 100 sets, and the adhesion of the overlapping of the ceiling membrane during winding increased, resulting in a reduction in the diameter of the winding by 0.9 to 2.5% compared to the first winding.This is because the crossing angle of the warp threads with respect to the rope axis is about 90°, and the warp threads are in the direction of tension on the ceiling membrane, i.e., perpendicular to the rope axis, which makes it difficult for the ceiling membrane to stretch, and the winding state was neat and good. The ceiling membranes of Examples 1 to 3 all had excellent weather resistance and excellent heat insulation. In particular, the heat insulation of the mesh sheet of Example 3 was inferior to the ceiling membranes of Examples 1 and 2 due to its high void ratio, but its daylighting was far superior to the ceiling membranes of Examples 1 and 2, and it also had breathability and visibility, and had a surface tension effect that caused a rainwater film to form in the voids, preventing raindrops from entering, allowing the construction of a unique sunshade structure to be freely performed.

[0030] [Table 1]

[0031] [Table 2]

[0032] In Examples 4 to 6, an antifouling layer (8 μm) made of a fluorocopolymer resin containing a benzotriazole tautomer and an N-OR hindered amine in a mass ratio of 3:1 was added to one surface of the tarpaulin of Example 1, the canvas of Example 2, and the mesh sheet of Example 3, respectively, and the results of the accelerated weather resistance test over 2000 hours improved from "2" to "1." The performance other than the improved weather resistance was the same as in Examples 1 to 3, and all evaluation items were good.

[0033] A rectangular ceiling membrane (Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, and Comparative Example 3) having a width of 2.7 m (parallel to the weft) x length of 3.1 m (parallel to the warp) was obtained from each of the width-direction joined body (wrap width 6 cm) of two tarpaulin raw rolls (1.6 m wide) of Example 1, the width-direction joined body (wrap width 6 cm) of two canvas raw rolls (1.6 m wide) of Example 2, and the width-direction joined body (wrap width 6 cm) of two mesh sheet raw rolls (1.6 m wide) of Example 3. The winding and unwinding operations were repeated 100 sets in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 3 except that these ceiling membranes were used, and the winding diameter after 100 sets was measured and compared with the winding diameter of the first time. The winding diameter was measured at the center of the rope shaft. As a result, the dimensions of the ceiling membrane expanded after 100 sets, distortion remained in the ceiling membrane, and the gap between the overlapping ceiling membranes during winding increased, resulting in a winding diameter that was 4.6 to 8.2% larger than the first time. This is because the crossing angle of the warp threads (1-6) with respect to the rope axis is about 40° (Fig. 3: Comparative Example), and the crossing angle of the weft threads (1-6) is about 50° (Fig. 3: Comparative Example), and because there are no warp threads or weft threads in the direction of tension on the ceiling membrane, i.e., perpendicular to the rope axis, the ceiling membrane is prone to stretching in the bias direction. As a result, the wound state was loose due to swelling, resulting in an unsightly appearance. Weather resistance and heat insulation were equivalent when using the ceiling membranes of Examples 1 to 3.

[0034] [Table 3]

[0035] A rectangular ceiling membrane (Examples 7, 8, and 9) having a width of 2.7 m (parallel to the weft) x length of 3.1 m (parallel to the warp) was obtained from each of the width-direction joined body (wrapped width 6 cm) of two tarpaulin raw rolls (1.6 m wide) of Example 1, the width-direction joined body (wrapped width 6 cm) of two canvas raw rolls (1.6 m wide) of Example 2, and the width-direction joined body (wrapped width 6 cm) of two mesh sheet raw rolls (1.6 m wide) of Example 3. The ceiling membrane (1-1) of Examples 7 to 9 was stretched and attached to two supports and a building wall surface fixing (forming a rectangle similar to the ceiling membrane: 1-2) to obtain a sunshade structure (2). The rope shaft (1-3) is permanently fixed to the building wall (2.8m apart), and the ceiling membrane is fixed to the building wall with one side of the rectangle in the width direction always fixed to the rope shaft, and the two corners in the width direction of the rectangle are equipped with operating ropes (1-4) extending from each corner. The ceiling membrane includes warp threads and weft threads, and one of these threads (1-6) is arranged to cross the rope shaft at an angle of 70° to 90°. The rope shaft is an anti-twist rope (3m stainless steel rope) with stainless steel thimbles at both ends, a halyard swivel at one end, and a take-up drum (endless line drum with a tack swivel) and a furling line (rope spliced ​​in a loop to turn the drum) at the other end. The take-up drum can be turned by pulling this furling line to take up the ceiling membrane, and the operating rope is fixed with a cleat, string fastener, etc. This endless line drum is a tension adjustment mechanism when the ceiling membrane is stretched. The support pillars are 3.3m high stainless steel members that support the corners of the ceiling membrane, and are equipped with metal joint hooks, detachable connecting means such as metal shackles, guide means for feeding / rewinding the operating rope such as pulleys, and means for fixing the operating rope such as cleats and cord ties. By releasing and pulling the cleat and cord ties of the operating rope, the ceiling membrane wound around the rope shaft is stretched out and two corners of the ceiling membrane are detachably fixed to the tops of the two support pillars, and the membrane is stretched by fixing it to the building wall surface using the two support pillars for detachable fixation. Next, the two corners of the ceiling membrane are released from the two support pillars for detachable fixation, and the membrane is wound around the rope shaft using the furling line (1-5) and stored in a fixed position on the building wall surface.This operation of winding and unwinding on the rope shaft was counted as one set, and 100 sets were repeated in an atmosphere at an air temperature of 24°C. The winding diameter after 100 sets was measured and compared with the winding diameter of the first time. The winding diameter was measured at the center of the rope shaft. As a result, the texture of the ceiling membrane became softer after 100 sets, and the adhesion of the overlapping ceiling membrane during winding increased, so that the winding diameter was reduced by 0.6 to 2.2% compared to the first time. This is due to the effect that the crossing angle of the warp threads with respect to the rope shaft was about 90°, and the warp threads existed in the direction of the tension applied to the ceiling membrane, that is, in the direction perpendicular to the rope shaft, which made it difficult for the ceiling membrane to stretch, and the winding state was clean and good. All of the ceiling membranes of Examples 7 to 9 had excellent weather resistance and excellent heat insulation properties. In particular, the heat insulation property of the mesh sheet of Example 9 was inferior to the ceiling membranes of Examples 7 and 8 due to its high void ratio, but its lighting property was far superior to those of Examples 7 and 8, and it also had breathability and visibility. Furthermore, it had a surface tension effect that created a film of rainwater in the gaps, preventing raindrops from entering, allowing for the free construction of a unique sunshade structure.

[0036] [Table 4] [Industrial Applicability]

[0037] According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a retractable sunshade structure in which the ceiling membrane is unlikely to develop wrinkles or swelling due to rolling. Furthermore, it is possible to provide an openable sunshade structure that has heat insulation properties, excellent weather resistance, an extended service life, and can be colored freely. Specifically, the openable sunshade structure can be used in various sizes in the garden of a house, the balcony of an apartment building, a store, a medium-sized or large commercial facility, an outdoor event venue, a campsite, a beach house, etc. In particular, by extending the service life of the ceiling membrane (tarpaulin, canvas, mesh sheet) of the retractable sunshade structure, the frequency of disposal (i.e., replacement) is reduced, and at the same time, the amount of new production of the ceiling membrane is reduced. Furthermore, the heat insulation effect is added to reduce the consumption of petrochemical resources that cause carbon dioxide emissions, and it is expected to contribute to the conservation of a sustainable global environment.

Claims

1. A sunshade structure consisting of a rectangular or parallelogram ceiling membrane, four supports, A, B, C, D, and a rope shaft, the ceiling membrane being made of a fabric coated with a thermoplastic resin composition, either a tarpaulin, a canvas, or a mesh sheet, or a combination of these, the rope shaft being permanently installed between the diagonal supports A and C (or B and D), the straight line portion of the ceiling membrane connecting one diagonal is fixed to the rope shaft, and the other diagonal is detachably attached to the supports B and D (or A and C) by an operating rope. The openable / closable sunshade structure is characterized in that the ceiling membrane can be supported and stored between two columns by being stretched over four fixed pillars (rectangle or parallelogram), and the operation rope of the ceiling membrane can be released from the pillars and wound around the rope shaft, the ceiling membrane includes warp threads and weft threads (or bias threads), one of which is arranged to cross the rope shaft at an angle of 70° to 90°, and further, when the ceiling membrane is folded in half along one diagonal, the diagonals of the other diagonal do not overlap.

2. A sunshade structure comprising a square, rectangular or trapezoidal ceiling membrane, two support posts / fixed to a building wall surface, and a rope shaft, wherein the ceiling membrane is any one of tarpaulin, canvas and mesh sheet, or a combination of these, made of a fabric coated with a thermoplastic resin composition, the rope shaft is permanently installed on the building wall surface, the ceiling membrane has one side fixed to the rope shaft, and the corners at both ends of one side opposite the fixed side are detachably fixed to two support posts with an operating rope, and the ceiling membrane can be stretched by being fixed to the two support posts / fixed to the building wall surface, and when the operating rope is released from the two support posts, it can be wound up around the rope shaft and stored on the building wall surface, and the ceiling membrane includes warp threads and weft threads (or bias threads), and is arranged so that the warp threads cross the rope shaft at an angle of 70° to 90°.

3. The open / close sunshade structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the thermoplastic resin composition contains a keto / enol tautomer (one or more selected from a benzotriazole tautomer, a triazine tautomer, and a diphenyl ketone tautomer) and a near-infrared reflective metal oxide.

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