Combustion system

Abstract

To provide a combustion system which can properly sort out waste heat discharged from a combustion furnace.SOLUTION: A combustion system comprises: a combustion furnace for combusting treated products; a supercharger having a compressor for generating a compressed gas by inducing and compressing a waste gas discharged from the combustion furnace, and a turbine for driving the compressor; a first heat exchanger for raising a temperature of the compressed gas supplied from the compressor by at least a part of the waste gas which is discharged from the combustion furnace; a second heat exchanger for raising a temperature of air supplied to the combustion furnace by at least a part of the waste gas which is discharged from the combustion furnace; and a supply part for supplying the waste gas discharged from the combustion furnace to the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, supplying the waste gas supplied from the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger to the compressor, supplying the compressed gas supplied from the compressor to the first heat exchanger, and supplying the compressed gas supplied from the first heat exchanger to the turbine.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to incineration systems. [Background technology]

[0002] For example, a technology has been proposed in which waste heat from an incinerator that incinerates sewage sludge (hereinafter also referred to simply as sludge or material to be treated) is utilized to induce exhaust gas from the incinerator (see Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 2015-194307 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In an incineration system that utilizes waste heat from an incinerator as described above, it is desirable to appropriately distribute the waste heat discharged from the incinerator, for example. Specifically, in an incineration system as described above, it is desirable to appropriately distribute the waste heat discharged from the incinerator to a plurality of heat exchangers that each recovers waste heat to be used for a different purpose. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The incineration system of the present invention includes an incinerator for incinerating materials to be treated, a turbocharger having a compressor for generating compressed gas by inducing and compressing exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator and a turbine for driving the compressor, a first heat exchanger for heating the compressed gas supplied from the compressor by at least a portion of the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator, a second heat exchanger for heating air supplied to the incinerator by at least a portion of the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator, and a supply unit for supplying the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator to each of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, supplying the exhaust gas supplied from each of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger to the compressor, supplying the compressed gas supplied from the compressor to the first heat exchanger, and supplying the compressed gas supplied from the first heat exchanger to the turbine. Effect of the Invention

[0006] According to the incineration system of the present invention, it is possible to appropriately allocate the waste heat discharged from the incinerator. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0007] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an incineration system 100 in the first embodiment. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the hardware configuration of the control device 10. As shown in FIG. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the function of the control device 10. As shown in FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating the furnace pressure control in the first embodiment. [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a specific example of the in-furnace pressure control of the incinerator 1. In FIG. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a specific example of the in-furnace pressure control of the incinerator 1. In FIG. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a specific example of the in-furnace pressure control of the incinerator 1. In FIG. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining a specific example of the in-furnace pressure control of the incinerator 1. In FIG. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an incineration system 200 in the second embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an incineration system 300 in the third embodiment. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of an incineration system 400 in the fourth embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0008] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. However, such descriptions should not be interpreted in a limiting sense and do not limit the subject matter described in the claims. In addition, various changes, substitutions, and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. In addition, different embodiments can be appropriately combined.

[0009] [Incineration system 100 in the first embodiment] First, an incineration system 100 in the first embodiment will be described. Fig. 1 is a diagram for explaining a configuration example of the incineration system 100 in the first embodiment. Note that the arrangement positions and numbers of lines (pipes) and valves shown below are examples and are not limited to these.

[0010] 1, the incineration system 100 includes, for example, an incinerator 1, a heat exchanger 2 (hereinafter also referred to as the second heat exchanger 2), a dust collector 3, a smoke washing tower 4, a chimney 5, a turbocharger 6, a heat exchanger 7 (hereinafter also referred to as the first heat exchanger 7), a blower B1, and a blower B2. The blower B1 and the blower B2 are devices having a function of blowing air, such as a fan or a blower.

[0011] The incinerator 1 is, for example, a fluidized incinerator that incinerates sludge (dewatered cake) supplied via line L41, and has a so-called fluidized bed 1a. The line L41 is, for example, a pipe that connects the incinerator 1 to a preceding stage facility (for example, a sludge dryer not shown). Below, the incinerator 1 is described as being a fluidized incinerator, but the incinerator 1 may be of various types other than a fluidized incinerator. In addition, below, the air supplied to the incinerator 1 is also referred to as combustion air.

[0012] The blower B1 supplies combustion air to the heat exchanger 2 via, for example, a line L11. The line L11 is, for example, a pipe that connects an outlet side of the blower B1 and an inlet side of the heat exchanger 2 for combustion air.

[0013] The heat exchanger 2 exchanges heat, for example, between the exhaust gas G1 (hereinafter also referred to as the first exhaust gas G1) discharged from the incinerator 1 via the heat exchanger 7 and the combustion air supplied by the blower B1.

[0014] Specifically, the heat exchanger 2 heats the combustion air supplied through the line L11 by using the heat (i.e., waste heat of the incinerator 1) contained in the exhaust gas G1 (exhaust gas G1 supplied from the incinerator 1 through the line L1, the heat exchanger 7, and the line L2) supplied from the heat exchanger 7 through the line L2. Then, the heat exchanger 2 supplies the heated combustion air to the incinerator 1 (e.g., the fluidized bed 1a in the incinerator 1) through the line L12. The line L1 is, for example, a pipe that connects the outlet side of the exhaust gas G1 in the incinerator 1 and the inlet side of the exhaust gas G1 in the heat exchanger 7. The line L2 is, for example, a pipe that connects the outlet side of the exhaust gas G1 in the heat exchanger 7 and the inlet side of the exhaust gas G1 in the heat exchanger 2. Moreover, the line L12 is, for example, a pipe that connects the combustion air outlet side of the heat exchanger 2 with the combustion air inlet side of the incinerator 1. The heat exchanger 2 supplies the exhaust gas G1 to the dust collector 3, for example, via the line L3. The line L3 is, for example, a pipe that connects the exhaust gas G1 outlet side of the heat exchanger 2 with the inlet side of the dust collector 3.

[0015] The dust collector 3 is installed, for example, at a stage subsequent to the heat exchanger 2, and removes impurities from the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the heat exchanger 2 via a line L3. Note that the incineration system 100 may have, for example, a cooling tower (not shown) at a stage preceding the dust collector 3, which cools the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the heat exchanger 2.

[0016] The smoke washing treatment tower 4 is disposed, for example, at the rear stage of the dust collector 3, and the flue gas G1 supplied from the dust collector 3 via a line L4 is introduced from the bottom of the tower and brought into contact with the smoke washing water sprayed from a water spray nozzle (not shown) at the top, thereby removing the SO in the flue gas G1. X The line L4 is, for example, a pipe that connects the outlet side of the dust collector 3 and the inlet side of the flue gas G1 in the smoke washing treatment tower 4.

[0017] The chimney 5 is installed, for example, at the top of the smoke washing tower 4. Then, the flue gas G2 (hereinafter also referred to as the second flue gas G2) cleaned in the smoke washing tower 4 passes through, for example, a blower B2, a turbocharger 6, and a heat exchanger 7, which will be described later, and is then discharged to the outside from the chimney 5.

[0018] The blower B2 is, for example, an induced draft fan, and draws the flue gas G1 (flue gas G2) discharged from the incinerator 1. Specifically, the blower B2 draws the flue gas G1 (flue gas G2) via, for example, the line L1, the line L2, the line L3, the line L4, and the line L21. The line L21 is, for example, a pipe that connects the outlet side of the flue gas G2 in the smoke washing tower 4 to the inlet side of the blower B2. The blower B2 supplies the flue gas G2 to the turbocharger 6 via, for example, the line L22. The line L22 is, for example, a pipe that connects the outlet side of the blower B2 to the inlet side of the compressor 6a.

[0019] The turbocharger 6 includes, for example, a compressor 6a and a turbine 6b connected via a rotating shaft 6c.

[0020] The compressor 6a compresses the flue gas G2 supplied from the blower B2 via the line L22, for example. The compressor 6a also compresses the flue gas G2 supplied directly from the smoke scrubbing tower 4 via the line L24, for example. The line L24 is, for example, a pipe that connects a portion between the outlet side of the smoke scrubbing tower 4 and the inlet side of the blower B2 in the line L21 with a portion between the outlet side of the blower B2 and the inlet side of the compressor 6a in the line L22. That is, the line L24 is, for example, a pipe used when the flue gas G2 supplied from the smoke scrubbing tower 4 is directly supplied to the compressor 6a, bypassing the blower B2. Specifically, in the incineration system 100, for example, the valve V4 provided in the line L24 is opened to control the opening of the valve, thereby directly supplying the flue gas G2 supplied from the smoke scrubbing tower 4 to the compressor 6a. The opening control of the valve means increasing the opening degree of the valve. Hereinafter, the exhaust gas G2 compressed by the compressor 6a will also be referred to as compressed gas.

[0021] The compressor 6a supplies the exhaust gas G2 (compressed gas) to the heat exchanger 7, for example, via a line L25. The line L25 is, for example, a pipe that connects the outlet side of the compressor 6a and the inlet side of the heat exchanger 7 for the exhaust gas G2.

[0022] The heat exchanger 7 exchanges heat between, for example, the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 and the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the compressor 6a.

[0023] Specifically, the heat exchanger 7 uses the heat contained in the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the incinerator 1 via the line L1 to heat the exhaust gas G2 supplied via the line L25. The heat exchanger 7 then supplies the heated exhaust gas G2 to the turbine 6b via the line L26. The line L26 is, for example, a pipe that connects the outlet side of the exhaust gas G2 in the heat exchanger 7 to the inlet side of the turbine 6b. Hereinafter, the exhaust gas G2 heated by the heat exchanger 7 is also referred to as heated gas.

[0024] The turbine 6b rotates the rotary shaft 6c by using, for example, the energy (thermal energy) of the exhaust gas G2 (heated gas) supplied from the heat exchanger 7. The compressor 6a compresses the exhaust gas G2 by being driven in association with the rotation of the rotary shaft 6c by the turbine 6b.

[0025] The turbine 6b supplies the heated exhaust gas G2 to the chimney 5 via, for example, a line L23. The line L23 is, for example, a pipe that connects the outlet side of the turbine 6b and the inlet side of the chimney 5.

[0026] In addition, for example, a line L29 is provided between the line L22 and the line L23. The line L29 is a pipe that connects the line L22 and the line L23. Specifically, the line L29 is a pipe that connects, for example, a portion of the line L22 between the outlet side of the blower B2 and the inlet side of the compressor 6a, and a portion of the line L23 between the outlet side of the turbine 6b and the inlet side of the chimney 5. The line L29 directly supplies the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the blower B2 via the line L22 to the chimney 5.

[0027] That is, the line L29 is a pipe used, for example, when the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the blower B2 via the line L22 is directly supplied to the chimney 5, bypassing both the turbocharger 6 and the heat exchanger 7. Specifically, in the incineration system 100, for example, the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the blower B2 via the line L22 is directly supplied to the chimney 5 by controlling the opening of the valve V3 provided in the line L29.

[0028] In addition, for example, a line L30 is provided between the line L22 and the line L25. The line L30 is, for example, a pipe that connects the line L22 and the line L25. Specifically, the line L30 is, for example, a pipe that connects a portion of the line L22 between the outlet side of the blower B2 and the inlet side of the compressor 6a, and a portion of the line L25 between the outlet side of the compressor 6a and the inlet side of the exhaust gas G2 in the heat exchanger 7. The line L30 directly supplies the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the blower B2 via the line L22 to the heat exchanger 7.

[0029] That is, the line L30 is a pipe used, for example, when the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the blower B2 via the line L22 is supplied directly to the heat exchanger 7, bypassing the compressor 6a. Specifically, in the incineration system 100, for example, the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the blower B2 is supplied directly to the heat exchanger 7 by controlling the opening of the valve V2 provided in the line L30.

[0030] Further, for example, a line L27 and a bypass L28 are provided between the line L26 and the line L23. Each of the line L27 and the bypass L28 is a pipe that connects, for example, a portion of the line L26 between the outlet side of the exhaust gas G2 in the heat exchanger 7 and the inlet side of the turbine 6b with a portion of the line L23 between the outlet side of the turbine 6b and the inlet side of the chimney 5. Each of the line L27 and the bypass L28 supplies, for example, the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the heat exchanger 7 directly to the chimney 5, bypassing the turbine 6b.

[0031] That is, the line L27 is a pipe used, for example, when the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the heat exchanger 7 is supplied directly to the chimney 5, bypassing the turbine 6b. Specifically, in the incineration system 100, for example, the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the heat exchanger 7 is supplied directly to the chimney 5 by controlling the opening of the valve V1 provided in the line L27.

[0032] Moreover, the bypass L28 is a pipe used, for example, when adjusting the supply amount of the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the heat exchanger 7 to the turbine 6b. Specifically, in the incineration system 100, for example, the valve V5 provided in the bypass L28 is controlled to open and close, so that a part of the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the heat exchanger 7 passes through the bypass L28, and the supply amount of the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the heat exchanger 7 to the turbine 6b is adjusted. Note that the closing control of the valve means reducing the opening degree of the valve.

[0033] Here, the capacity of the valve V5 provided in the bypass L28 may be smaller than the capacity of the valve V1 provided in the line L27 or the valve V2 provided in the line L30. As a result, in the incineration system 100, by adjusting the capacity of the valve V5, it is possible to adjust the supply amount of the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the heat exchanger 7 to the turbine 6b with high precision.

[0034] In the incineration system 100, for example, another heat exchanger (not shown) may be installed in the line L23. The other heat exchanger may recover waste heat in excess of the thermal energy used in the white smoke prevention process in the chimney 5.

[0035] In addition, hereinafter, the portion including line L1, line L2, line L3, line L4, line L21, line L22, line L23, line L24, line L25, line L26, line L27, bypass L28, line L29, line L30, valve V1, valve V2, valve V3, valve V4 and valve V5 as shown in FIG. 1 will be collectively referred to as supply section 20. That is, the supply unit 20 can, for example, supply the flue gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 to each of the heat exchanger 7 and the heat exchanger 2, supply the flue gas G1 supplied from each of the heat exchanger 7 and the heat exchanger 2 to the smoke scrubbing tower 4, supply the flue gas G2 supplied from the smoke scrubbing tower 4 to the compressor 6a, supply the flue gas G2 supplied from the compressor 6a to the heat exchanger 7, supply the flue gas G2 supplied from the heat exchanger 7 to the turbine 6b, and supply the flue gas G2 discharged from the turbine 6b to the chimney 5. In addition, the supply unit 20 can, for example, supply the flue gas G2 supplied from the smoke scrubbing tower 4 to the blower B2, supply the flue gas G2 supplied from the blower B2 to the heat exchanger 7, supply the flue gas G2 supplied from the heat exchanger 7 to the turbine 6b, and supply the flue gas G2 discharged from the turbine 6b to the chimney 5. Furthermore, the supply unit 20 can supply, for example, at least a part of the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the smoke scrubbing tower 4 to the chimney 5, bypassing the heat exchanger 7 and the turbocharger 6. Furthermore, the supply unit 20 can supply, for example, at least a part of the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the smoke scrubbing tower 4 to the heat exchanger 7, bypassing the compressor 6a. Furthermore, the supply unit 20 can supply, for example, at least a part of the exhaust gas G2 heated by the heat exchanger 7 to the chimney 5, bypassing the turbine 6b.

[0036] Thus, the incineration system 100 in this embodiment includes, for example, an incinerator 1 for incinerating sludge (material to be treated), a turbocharger 6 having a compressor 6a that generates compressed gas by inducing and compressing the exhaust gas G1 (exhaust gas G2) discharged from the incinerator 1 and a turbine 6b that drives the compressor 6a, a heat exchanger 7 that uses at least a portion of the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 to heat the compressed gas supplied from the compressor 6a, and a turbine 6b that uses at least a portion of the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 to heat the compressed gas supplied from the compressor 6a. and a supply unit 20 that supplies the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 to each of the heat exchanger 7 and the heat exchanger 2, supplies the exhaust gas G1 (exhaust gas G2) supplied from each of the heat exchanger 7 and the heat exchanger 2 to the compressor 6a, supplies the compressed gas supplied from the compressor 6a to the heat exchanger 7, and supplies the compressed gas supplied from the heat exchanger 7 to the turbine 6b.

[0037] Specifically, in the incineration system 100 of this embodiment, the heat exchanger 2 heats the combustion air, for example, with the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the heat exchanger 7. The supply unit 20 then supplies, for example, the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 to the heat exchanger 7, supplies the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the heat exchanger 7 to the heat exchanger 2, and supplies the exhaust gas G1 (exhaust gas G2) supplied from the heat exchanger 2 to the compressor 6a.

[0038] The incineration system 100 also includes, for example, a blower B2 that draws in and blows the exhaust gas G1 (exhaust gas G2). The supply unit 20 supplies, for example, the exhaust gas G1 (exhaust gas G2) supplied from each of the heat exchanger 7 and the heat exchanger 2 to the blower B2, supplies the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the blower B2 to the heat exchanger 7, and supplies the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the heat exchanger 7 to the turbine 6b.

[0039] That is, the properties of the sludge fed into the incinerator 1 (such as the moisture content of the sludge) change, for example, depending on the season, the population, etc. In the incinerator 1, the temperature of the combustion air at which the sludge can be incinerated (hereinafter also referred to as the incineration temperature) changes, for example, depending on the properties of the sludge fed into the incinerator 1. Specifically, in the incinerator 1, for example, the lower the moisture content of the sludge, the lower the incineration temperature.

[0040] Here, when the incineration temperature is lowered, the combustion air may be heated to a temperature exceeding the incineration temperature by heat exchange with the exhaust gas G1, for example. Therefore, in this case, it becomes necessary to cool the combustion air after the temperature is raised using a device such as a cooler (not shown), and the thermal energy of the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 cannot be efficiently utilized.

[0041] On the other hand, for example, when a turbocharger 6 is provided to control the incinerator 1 pressure inside (hereinafter also simply referred to as incinerator pressure control) by inducing exhaust gas G1 (exhaust gas G2), it is necessary to supply the turbocharger 6 with thermal energy used to drive the turbocharger 6.

[0042] Therefore, in the incineration system 100 of this embodiment, for example, the heat exchanger 7 is disposed in front of the heat exchanger 2. In the incineration system 100, for example, the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 is supplied to the heat exchanger 7, and further, the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the heat exchanger 7 (the exhaust gas G1 after being used to raise the temperature of the combustion air in the heat exchanger 7) is supplied to the heat exchanger 2.

[0043] As a result, in the incineration system 100 of this embodiment, it becomes possible to supply an appropriate amount (a necessary amount) of thermal energy to the combustion air while supplying thermal energy used for controlling the in-furnace pressure to the turbocharger 6. In addition, in the incineration system 100, for example, by supplying an appropriate amount of thermal energy to the combustion air, it becomes possible to efficiently utilize the thermal energy of the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1.

[0044] [Control device 10 in the first embodiment] Next, the configuration of the control device 10 in the first embodiment will be described. Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating the hardware configuration of the control device 10. Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating the functions of the control device 10.

[0045] The incineration system 100 has a control device 10 that performs, for example, in-furnace pressure control, as shown in Figures 2 and 3. Specifically, the control device 10 performs, for example, opening and closing control of valves V1, V2, V3, V4, and V5, as shown in Figure 3. The control device 10 also performs, for example, starting and stopping control of the blower B2. More specifically, the control device 10 performs opening and closing control of the valves V1, V2, V3, V4, and V5, and starting and stopping control of the blower B2, based on, for example, various instruments (for example, thermometers, pressure gauges, flow meters, etc.) provided on each line such as the line L22, the line L23, the line L25, and the line L26, and each measured value (hereinafter also simply referred to as each measured value) from a rotation measuring instrument attached to the rotating shaft 6c.

[0046] 2, the control device 10 is, for example, an electronic device having an electronic circuit. Specifically, the control device 10 is, for example, a computer device having a CPU 101 which is a processor, a memory 102, a communication device 103, and a storage medium 104. Each unit is connected to each other via a bus 105, for example.

[0047] The storage medium 104 has, for example, a program storage area (not shown) that stores a program 110 for controlling the reactor pressure. The storage medium 104 also has, for example, an information storage area 130 that stores information used when controlling the reactor pressure. The storage medium 104 may be, for example, a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid state drive (SSD).

[0048] The CPU 101 controls the pressure inside the reactor by executing, for example, a program 110 loaded from the storage medium 104 to the memory 102 .

[0049] The communication device 103 accesses an operation terminal (not shown) through which an operator inputs necessary information, for example, via a network (not shown) such as the Internet.

[0050] The control device 10 may have, for example, a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The control device 10 may include, for example, a peripheral interface controller (PIC). The reactor pressure control may be performed, for example, in the FPGA or the ASIC.

[0051] [Flow chart for furnace pressure control] Next, the flow chart of the furnace pressure control will be described below. Fig. 4 is a flow chart for explaining the furnace pressure control in the first embodiment.

[0052] 4, the control device 10 controls the pressure inside the incinerator 1, for example, in accordance with the amount of waste heat recovered from the exhaust gas G1 in the heat exchanger 7. In other words, the control device 10 controls the pressure inside the incinerator 1, for example, in accordance with the energy of the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the heat exchanger 7 to the turbine 6b via the line L26.

[0053] Then, for example, when the control device 10 determines from each measurement value that the energy of the exhaust gas G2 supplied to the turbine 6b is sufficient as energy for operating the turbocharger 6 (large amount of waste heat in step S1 of FIG. 4), it performs the incinerator pressure control (hereinafter also referred to as independent operation control or turbocharger independent operation control) by suctioning the exhaust gas G2 by the turbocharger 6 without suctioning the exhaust gas G2 by the blower B2 (step S2 of FIG. 4). Note that the control device 10 may perform step S1 by, for example, referring to the flow rate of the exhaust gas G2 measured by a flowmeter provided in the bypass L28 or the temperature of the exhaust gas G2 measured by a thermometer provided in the line L26.

[0054] In other words, in this case, the control device 10 determines that the internal pressure of the incinerator 1 can be controlled to the target pressure by only inducing the exhaust gas G2 using the turbocharger 6, and selects to execute autonomous operation control.

[0055] Specifically, for example, when the valve V4 is closed, the control device 10 performs an opening control of the valve V4, thereby allowing the flue gas G2 supplied from the smoke washing tower 4 to bypass the blower B2 and supply it to the turbocharger 6. Also, for example, when each of the valves V1, V2, and V3 is open, the control device 10 performs a closing control of these valves. Furthermore, for example, when the blower B2 is running, the control device 10 performs a stop control of the blower B2.

[0056] The control device 10 controls the internal pressure of the incinerator 1, for example, by appropriately adjusting the opening degree of the valve V5 provided in the bypass L28.

[0057] Specifically, for example, when the control device 10 refers to the measurement value of a pressure gauge (not shown) installed inside the incinerator 1 and determines that the pressure inside the incinerator 1 is lower than a predetermined target pressure, it performs control to reduce the amount of exhaust gas G2 induced by the turbocharger 6 by increasing the opening of the valve V5 to reduce the amount of exhaust gas G2 supplied to the turbine 6b (reducing the rotation speed of the compressor 6a).

[0058] This enables the control device 10 to, for example, increase the internal pressure of the incinerator 1, and to control the pressure so that the difference between the internal pressure of the incinerator 1 and the target pressure becomes smaller.

[0059] On the other hand, when the control device 10, for example, refers to the measurement value of a pressure gauge installed inside the incinerator 1 and determines that the pressure inside the incinerator 1 is higher than the target pressure, it performs control to increase the amount of exhaust gas G2 induced by the turbocharger 6 by reducing the opening of the valve V5 to increase the amount of exhaust gas G2 supplied to the turbine 6b (increasing the rotation speed of the compressor 6a).

[0060] This enables the control device 10 to, for example, reduce the internal pressure of the incinerator 1, and to control the pressure so as to reduce the difference between the internal pressure of the incinerator 1 and the target pressure.

[0061] Returning to FIG. 4, for example, when the control device 10 determines from each measurement value that the energy of the exhaust gas G2 supplied to the turbine 6b is not sufficient to operate the turbocharger 6 and the amount of exhaust gas G2 induced by the turbocharger 6 is not sufficient (during the waste heat amount in step S1 of FIG. 4), in addition to induced exhaust gas G2 by the turbocharger 6, the control device 10 also induced exhaust gas G2 by the blower B2 to perform incinerator 1 internal pressure control (hereinafter also referred to as assisted operation control) (step S3 of FIG. 4).

[0062] In other words, in this case, the control device 10 determines that unless exhaust gas G2 is induced by the blower B2 in addition to the turbocharger 6, the pressure inside the incinerator 1 cannot be controlled to the target pressure, and selects to execute assist operation control.

[0063] Specifically, for example, when the blower B2 is stopped, the control device 10 performs start-up control of the blower B2, thereby starting the induction of the exhaust gas G2 by the blower B2. Also, for example, when each of the valves V1, V2, and V4 is open, the control device 10 performs closing control of these valves. Also, for example, the control device 10 performs opening and closing control of the valve V3 according to the amount of the exhaust gas G2 induced in the turbocharger 6. Furthermore, for example, the control device 10 performs opening and closing control of the valve V5 so that the opening degree of the valve V5 becomes a predetermined opening degree.

[0064] The control device 10 controls the internal pressure of the incinerator 1, for example, by appropriately adjusting the frequency of the blower B2.

[0065] Specifically, for example, when the control device 10 refers to the measurement value of a pressure gauge installed inside the incinerator 1 and determines that the internal pressure of the incinerator 1 is lower than the target pressure, it performs control to reduce the amount of exhaust gas G2 attracted by the blower B2 by lowering the frequency of the blower B2.

[0066] This enables the control device 10 to, for example, increase the internal pressure of the incinerator 1, and to control the pressure so that the difference between the internal pressure of the incinerator 1 and the target pressure becomes smaller.

[0067] On the other hand, when the control device 10, for example, refers to the measurement value of a pressure gauge installed inside the incinerator 1 and determines that the internal pressure of the incinerator 1 is higher than the target pressure, it performs control to increase the amount of exhaust gas G2 attracted by the blower B2 by increasing the frequency of the blower B2.

[0068] This enables the control device 10 to, for example, reduce the internal pressure of the incinerator 1, and to control the pressure so as to reduce the difference between the internal pressure of the incinerator 1 and the target pressure.

[0069] Returning to FIG. 4, for example, when the control device 10 determines from each measurement value that the energy of the exhaust gas G2 supplied to the turbine 6b is not enough to operate the turbocharger 6 (small amount of waste heat in step S1 of FIG. 4), it does not induce the exhaust gas G2 using the turbocharger 6, but instead performs in-furnace pressure control of the incinerator 1 by inducing the exhaust gas G2 using the blower B2 (hereinafter also referred to as offline operation control) (step S4 of FIG. 4).

[0070] That is, in this case, the control device 10 determines that it is necessary to control the internal pressure of the incinerator 1 to the target pressure by only inducing the exhaust gas G2 using the blower B2, and selects to execute offline operation control.

[0071] Specifically, for example, when the turbocharger 6 is operating, the control device 10 performs stop control of the turbocharger 6 to stop the induction of the exhaust gas G2 by the turbocharger 6. Also, for example, when each of the valves V1 and V2 is closed, the control device 10 performs open control of these. Furthermore, for example, when each of the valves V3, V4, and V5 is open, the control device 10 performs close control of these.

[0072] Then, the control device 10 controls the internal pressure of the incinerator 1, for example, by appropriately adjusting the frequency of the blower B2, in the same manner as in the case of the assisted operation control.

[0073] Thus, the incineration system 100 in this embodiment includes, for example, a control device 10 that controls the supply unit 20. The control device 10 controls, for example, the supply unit 20 to appropriately switch between independent operation control, assisted operation control, and offline operation control.

[0074] As a result, the incineration system 100 in this embodiment is capable of controlling the internal pressure of the incinerator 1 to a target pressure, even if, for example, the amount of waste heat of the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 changes.

[0075] In addition, in the autonomous operation control, the control device 10 may calculate a set value of the flow rate of the exhaust gas G2 in the line L25 (hereinafter also referred to as a flow rate set value) from a measurement value by a pressure gauge provided inside the incinerator 1. The control device 10 may refer to a measurement value (hereinafter also referred to as a flow rate measurement value) by a flow meter (not shown) provided on the outlet side of the compressor 6a in the line L25, and adjust the opening of the valve V5 to control the supply amount of the exhaust gas G2 to the turbine 6b so that the flow rate measurement value coincides with the flow rate set value.

[0076] That is, the control device 10 may, for example, control the supply unit 20 to control the amount of compressed gas supplied from the heat exchanger 7 to the turbine 6b in accordance with the amount of exhaust gas G2 supplied from the compressor 6a to the heat exchanger 7, thereby controlling the amount of exhaust gas G1 (exhaust gas G2) attracted by the compressor 6a and controlling the pressure within the incinerator 1.

[0077] Specifically, the control device 10 may, for example, refer to a flow rate measurement value by a flow meter provided on the outlet side of the compressor 6a in the line L25, and if it determines that the flow rate measurement value is higher than the flow rate set value, perform control to reduce the amount of exhaust gas G2 induced by the turbocharger 6 by increasing the opening of the valve V5 to reduce the amount of exhaust gas G2 supplied to the turbine 6b (reducing the rotation speed of the compressor 6a).

[0078] On the other hand, the control device 10 may, for example, refer to a flow rate measurement value by a flow meter provided on the outlet side of the compressor 6a in the line L25, and if it determines that the flow rate measurement value is lower than the flow rate set value, perform control to increase the amount of exhaust gas G2 induced by the turbocharger 6 by reducing the opening of the valve V5 to increase the amount of exhaust gas G2 supplied to the turbine 6b (increasing the rotation speed of the compressor 6a).

[0079] This enables the control device 10 to prevent, for example, a breakdown of the turbocharger 6 caused by the amount of exhaust gas G2 induced by the compressor 6a exceeding an upper limit.

[0080] [Specific example of pressure control inside incinerator 1] Next, a specific example of the in-furnace pressure control of the incinerator 1 will be described. Figures 5 to 8 are diagrams for explaining a specific example of the in-furnace pressure control of the incinerator 1. Note that the dashed lines in Figures 5 to 8 indicate that the valves provided on each line are closed.

[0081] First, the incineration system 100 at the start timing of the incinerator 1 internal pressure control (start-up timing of the incineration system 100) will be described. Figure 5 is a diagram for explaining the incineration system 100 at the start timing of the incinerator 1 internal pressure control.

[0082] 5, the control device 10, for example, performs control to open the valves V1 and V2, and performs control to close the valves V3, V4, and V5. Then, the control device 10, for example, starts the blower B2, and starts the in-furnace pressure control of the incinerator 1.

[0083] Next, the incineration system 100 starts, for example, the introduction of fuel from a fuel gun (not shown) and the raising of temperature by a heating burner (not shown) in the incinerator 1. Furthermore, the incineration system 100 starts the introduction of sludge into the incinerator 1 via, for example, line L41, and starts the incineration of the sludge in the incinerator 1.

[0084] Thereafter, the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 in conjunction with the incineration of sludge in the incinerator 1 is supplied to the smoke washing treatment tower 4, for example, via line L1, line L2, line L3 and line L4, as shown in FIG. 5, and then supplied to the chimney 5 via line L21, blower B2, part of line L22, line L30, part of line L25, heat exchanger 7, part of line L26, line L27 and part of line L23, and is released to the outside from the chimney 5.

[0085] In this way, the control device 10 in this embodiment, for example, controls the supply unit 20 to supply the exhaust gas G2 blown from the blower B2 to the heat exchanger 7, and to supply the heated gas heated by the heat exchanger 7 to the chimney 5.

[0086] That is, for example, when the incineration system 100 starts up and the internal pressure control of the incinerator 1 is started, the control device 10 controls the supply unit 20 to start executing offline operation control.

[0087] This makes it possible for the control device 10 in this embodiment to start controlling the internal pressure of the incinerator 1 even when, for example, the amount of waste heat of the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 is insufficient.

[0088] Next, the incineration system 100 at the start-up timing of the turbocharger 6 will be described. Figures 6 and 7 are diagrams for explaining the incineration system 100 at the start-up timing of the turbocharger 6. Note that the start-up timing of the turbocharger 6 may be, for example, the timing when the temperature on the outlet side of the heat exchanger 7 in the line L26 rises to a predetermined temperature (hereinafter also referred to as the first temperature), or the timing when the temperature of the exhaust gas in the line L3 rises to a predetermined temperature.

[0089] For example, when the control device 10 determines that it is time to start the turbocharger 6 based on each measurement value, it supplies the exhaust gas G2 to the turbine 6b and rotates the turbine 6b by controlling to close the valve V1 in stages as shown in Fig. 6. Then, the compressor 6a starts to draw the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the blower B2, for example.

[0090] Thereafter, for example, when it is determined from each measurement value that the pressure on the outlet side of the compressor 6a in the line L25 becomes higher than the pressure on the inlet side of the compressor 6a in the line L22, the control device 10 performs, for example, a control to close the valve V2 in the line L30. That is, in this case, the control device 10 performs a control to close the valve V2, thereby suppressing, for example, a backflow of the exhaust gas G2 from the line L25 to the line L30.

[0091] Furthermore, the control device 10 performs, for example, an opening control and a closing control of the valve V3 as necessary. Specifically, the control device 10 performs, for example, an opening control and a closing control of the valve V3 so that the exhaust gas G2 that cannot be attracted by the turbocharger 6, among the exhaust gas G2 attracted by the blower B2, is supplied to the line L29. This allows the control device 10 to continue attracting the exhaust gas G2 by the blower B2, for example, even after performing the closing control of the valve V2.

[0092] For example, when it is determined from each measurement value that the amount of exhaust gas G2 supplied to the turbine 6b has increased and the entire amount of exhaust gas G2 attracted by the blower B2 can be supplied to the compressor 6a, the control device 10, for example, performs a closing control of the valve V3 and terminates the control (opening and closing control of the valve V3) to continue the attraction of the exhaust gas G2 by the blower B2.

[0093] Thereafter, the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 in association with the incineration of sludge in the incinerator 1 is supplied to the smoke washing treatment tower 4 via, for example, line L1, line L2, line L3 and line L4, as shown in FIG. 7, and then supplied to the chimney 5 via line L21, blower B2, line L22, compressor 6a, line L25, heat exchanger 7, line L26, turbine 6b and line L23, and released to the outside from the chimney 5.

[0094] In this manner, the supply unit 20 in this embodiment can supply, for example, at least a portion of the exhaust gas G2 blown from the blower B2 to the compressor 6a and the chimney 5. The control device 10 in this embodiment controls the supply unit 20 in accordance with, for example, the amount of waste heat from the incinerator 1 to reduce the amount of the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the blower B2 to the chimney 5 and to increase the amount of the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the blower B2 to the compressor 6a.

[0095] That is, for example, when the amount of waste heat of the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 increases, the control device 10 starts executing the assist operation control by controlling the supply unit 20. After that, for example, when the amount of waste heat of the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 further increases, the control device 10 controls the supply unit 20 to reduce the amount of the exhaust gas G2 supplied to the chimney 5 while increasing the amount of the exhaust gas G2 supplied to the compressor 6a.

[0096] Thereby, the control device 10 in the present embodiment can control the pressure inside the incinerator 1 while, for example, inducing the exhaust gas G2 by the turbocharger 6 as much as possible.

[0097] Next, the incineration system 100 at the timing of stopping the blower B2 will be described. Figure 8 is a diagram illustrating the incineration system 100 at the timing of stopping the blower B2. The timing of stopping the blower B2 may be, for example, the timing when the pressure on the inlet side of the compressor 6a in the line L22 reaches a predetermined pressure.

[0098] For example, when the control device 10 determines that it is time to stop the blower B2 based on the measured values ​​of various instruments provided on each line, the control device 10 performs, for example, an opening control of the valve V4 as shown in Fig. 8, to cause the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the smoke washing tower 4 to bypass the blower B2 and be supplied to the turbocharger 6. Then, the control device 10 performs, for example, a control to stop the blower B2. That is, in this case, the control device 10 determines that the amount of the exhaust gas G2 induced by the turbocharger 6 has become sufficient, and starts induced exhaust gas G2 by the turbocharger 6 alone.

[0099] The control device 10 also performs, for example, opening and closing control of the valve V5 provided in the bypass L28 as necessary. That is, in this case, the control device 10 controls the pressure inside the incinerator 1 by opening and closing control of the valve V5, instead of the blower B2 that has been stopped.

[0100] Thereafter, the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 in association with the incineration of the sludge in the incinerator 1 is supplied to the smoke washing tower 4 via, for example, lines L1, L2, L3, and L4 as shown in Fig. 8, and then supplied to the chimney 5 via a part of the line L21, line L24, a part of the line L22, the compressor 6a, line L25, the heat exchanger 7, line L26, the turbine 6b, and line L23, and is discharged to the outside from the chimney 5. In addition, a part of the exhaust gas G2 flowing through the line L26 flows through a part of the line L26, and then passes through the bypass L28 to merge with the exhaust gas G2 flowing through the line L23.

[0101] In this manner, the control device 10 in this embodiment controls, for example, the blower B2. Also, the supply unit 20 in this embodiment can supply, for example, the exhaust gas G2 from the incinerator 1 to the compressor 6a, bypassing the blower B2. And, the control device 10 in this embodiment controls the blower B2 to stop and controls the supply unit 20 according to the amount of waste heat from the incinerator 1, for example, to supply the exhaust gas G2 from the incinerator 1 to the compressor 6a, bypassing the blower B2, and transitions to an independent operation control in which the heated gas heated by the heat exchanger 7 is supplied to the turbine 6b.

[0102] That is, for example, the control device 10 starts executing the independent operation control by controlling the supply unit 20 as the amount of waste heat of the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 further increases.

[0103] Thereby, the control device 10 in this embodiment can control the pressure inside the incinerator 1, for example, by only inducing the exhaust gas G2 by the turbocharger 6.

[0104] On the other hand, during the execution of the independent operation control, for example, when the amount of waste heat of the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 decreases and the energy of the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the heat exchanger 7 via the line L26 decreases, the control device 10 controls the opening degree of the valve V5 provided in the bypass L28 to gradually decrease, thereby suppressing the amount of the exhaust gas G2 passing through the bypass L28 and suppressing a decrease in the amount of the exhaust gas G2 (the amount of thermal energy of the exhaust gas G2) supplied to the turbine 6b. Then, for example, when the control device 10 determines that the flow rate of the exhaust gas G2 flowing through the bypass L28 has decreased to a predetermined flow rate, it starts switching to the assist operation control. Also, for example, when the control device 10 determines that the ratio of the flow rate of the exhaust gas G2 flowing through the bypass L28 to the flow rate of the exhaust gas G2 flowing through the line L25 has decreased to a predetermined threshold value, it starts switching to the assist operation control.

[0105] That is, in this case, the control device 10 performs control to reverse each process (each process described in FIG. 8) performed when switching from assisted operation control to independent operation control, and performs control so that the open / closed state of each valve becomes the state described in FIG. 7.

[0106] In addition, when the control device 10 determines that, for example, the temperature on the outlet side of the heat exchanger 7 in the line L26 has dropped to a predetermined temperature during execution of the assist operation control, it performs control to stop the turbocharger 6 and switches to offline operation.

[0107] That is, in this case, the control device 10 performs control to reverse each process (each process described in Figures 6 and 7) performed when switching from offline operation control to assist operation control, and performs control so that the open / closed state of each valve becomes the state described in Figure 5.

[0108] In this way, in the case where the amount of waste heat of the incinerator 1 falls below a predetermined threshold value in the autonomous operation control, the control device 10 in this embodiment controls the start-up of the blower B2 and controls the supply unit 20 to supply the exhaust gas G2 from the incinerator 1 to the blower B2, to supply the exhaust gas G2 blown from the blower B2 to the compressor 6a, and to supply the heated gas heated by the heat exchanger 7 to the turbine 6b. The predetermined threshold value here may be a value that is predetermined in accordance with the amount of waste heat of the incinerator 1, and may be, for example, a temperature that is predetermined based on the temperature on the outlet side of the heat exchanger 7 in the line L26, a rotation speed that is predetermined based on the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 6c of the turbocharger 6, or a flow rate that is predetermined based on the flow rate of the line L25.

[0109] In other words, the control device 10 in this embodiment controls the supply unit 20 to perform operation control according to the amount of waste heat of the exhaust gas G1, even if the amount of waste heat of the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 decreases, for example.

[0110] As a result, the control device 10 in this embodiment is able to continue to control the internal pressure of the incinerator 1 even when, for example, the amount of waste heat of the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 decreases.

[0111] [Incineration system 200 according to the second embodiment] Next, an incineration system 200 in the second embodiment will be described. Figure 9 is a diagram for explaining a configuration example of the incineration system 200 in the second embodiment. Below, the differences from the incineration system 100 in the first embodiment will be described.

[0112] The incineration system 200 has, for example, two or more heat exchangers 7. Specifically, as shown in Fig. 9, the incineration system 200 has, for example, two heat exchangers 7 (hereinafter also referred to as heat exchanger 7a and heat exchanger 7b).

[0113] Heat exchanger 7b (hereinafter also referred to as the third heat exchanger 7b) performs heat exchange, for example, between exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 via heat exchanger 7a and heat exchanger 2 and exhaust gas G2 supplied from the compressor 6a.

[0114] Specifically, the heat exchanger 7b uses the heat contained in the exhaust gas G1 (the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the incinerator 1 via the line L1a, the heat exchanger 7a, the line L2a, the heat exchanger 2, and the line L3a) supplied from the heat exchanger 2, for example, to heat the exhaust gas G2 supplied via the line L25a. The line L1a is, for example, a pipe that connects the outlet side of the exhaust gas G1 in the incinerator 1 to the inlet side of the exhaust gas G1 in the heat exchanger 7a. The line L2a is, for example, a pipe that connects the outlet side of the exhaust gas G1 in the heat exchanger 7a to the inlet side of the exhaust gas G1 in the heat exchanger 2. The line L3a is, for example, a pipe that connects the outlet side of the exhaust gas G1 in the heat exchanger 2 to the inlet side of the exhaust gas G1 in the heat exchanger 7b. Moreover, the line L25a is, for example, a pipe connecting the outlet side of the compressor 6a and the inlet side of the exhaust gas G2 in the heat exchanger 7b. The heat exchanger 7b supplies the heated exhaust gas G2 to the heat exchanger 7a via, for example, the line L31. The line L31 is, for example, a pipe connecting the outlet side of the exhaust gas G2 in the heat exchanger 7b and the inlet side of the exhaust gas G2 in the heat exchanger 7a. Furthermore, the heat exchanger 7b supplies the exhaust gas G1 to the dust collector 3 via, for example, the line L3b. The line L3b is, for example, a pipe connecting the outlet side of the exhaust gas G1 in the heat exchanger 7b and the inlet side of the dust collector 3.

[0115] The heat exchanger 7a exchanges heat between, for example, the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 and the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the compressor 6a via the heat exchanger 7b.

[0116] Specifically, the heat exchanger 7a uses the heat contained in the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the incinerator 1 via the line L1a to heat the exhaust gas G2 supplied via the line L31. The heat exchanger 7a then supplies the heated exhaust gas G2 to the turbine 6b via the line L26a. The line L26a is, for example, a pipe connecting the outlet side of the exhaust gas G2 in the heat exchanger 7a to the inlet side of the turbine 6b. The heat exchanger 7a further supplies the exhaust gas G1 to the heat exchanger 2 via the line L2a.

[0117] Thus, the incineration system 200 in this embodiment includes, for example, a heat exchanger 7b that heats the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the compressor 6a with the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the heat exchanger 2. The supply unit 20 then supplies, for example, the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the heat exchanger 2 to the heat exchanger 7b, and supplies the exhaust gas G1 (exhaust gas G2) supplied from the heat exchanger 7b to the compressor 6a.

[0118] That is, for example, due to design reasons such as a heat transfer area, the heat exchanger 7a (one heat exchanger 7) may not be able to supply sufficient thermal energy to the turbocharger 6. In addition, the temperature of the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the heat exchanger 2 may be sufficiently high even after the thermal energy is recovered in the heat exchanger 2.

[0119] Therefore, in the present embodiment, the incineration system 200 has, for example, in addition to the heat exchanger 7a (heat exchanger 7 in the incineration system 100), a further heat exchanger 7b downstream of the heat exchanger 2, so that the thermal energy required for controlling the pressure inside the furnace is also recovered in the heat exchanger 7b.

[0120] Specifically, the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the compressor 6a is heated to a certain degree by, for example, heat exchange with the exhaust gas G1 in the heat exchanger 7b, and then further heated by heat exchange with the exhaust gas G1 in the heat exchanger 7a. In other words, the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the compressor 6a is heated to a certain degree by, for example, heat exchange with the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the heat exchanger 2, and then further heated by heat exchange with the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 (exhaust gas G1 having a higher temperature than the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the heat exchanger 2).

[0121] As a result, the incineration system 200 in this embodiment is able to stably supply the thermal energy required to control the incinerator pressure to the turbocharger 6 (turbine 6b), for example, thereby making it possible to stably control the incinerator pressure.

[0122] [Incineration system 300 according to the third embodiment] Next, an incineration system 300 in the third embodiment will be described. Fig. 10 is a diagram for explaining a configuration example of the incineration system 300 in the third embodiment. Below, the points that differ from the incineration system 100 in the first embodiment will be described.

[0123] The incineration system 300 has, for example, two or more heat exchangers 7. Specifically, as shown in Fig. 10, the incineration system 300 has, for example, two heat exchangers 7 (hereinafter also referred to as heat exchanger 7c and heat exchanger 7d).

[0124] The heat exchanger 7c exchanges heat between, for example, the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 and the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the compressor 6a.

[0125] Specifically, the heat exchanger 7c uses the heat of the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the incinerator 1 through the line L1b to heat the exhaust gas G2 supplied through the line L25b. The line L1b is, for example, a pipe that connects the outlet side of the exhaust gas G1 in the incinerator 1 to the inlet side of the exhaust gas G1 in the heat exchanger 7c. The line L25b is, for example, a pipe that connects the outlet side of the compressor 6a to the inlet side of the exhaust gas G2 in the heat exchanger 7c. The heat exchanger 7c supplies the exhaust gas G2 after heating to the heat exchanger 7d through the line L32. The line L32 is, for example, a pipe that connects the outlet side of the exhaust gas G2 in the heat exchanger 7c to the inlet side of the exhaust gas G2 in the heat exchanger 7d. The heat exchanger 7c also supplies the exhaust gas G1 to the heat exchanger 7d through the line L2b. The line L2b is, for example, a pipe that connects the outlet side of the heat exchanger 7c for the exhaust gas G1 to the inlet side of the heat exchanger 7d for the exhaust gas G1.

[0126] The heat exchanger 7d performs heat exchange, for example, between the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 via the heat exchanger 7c and the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the compressor 6a via the heat exchanger 7c.

[0127] Specifically, the heat exchanger 7d further heats the exhaust gas G2 supplied through the line L32 by using the heat contained in the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the heat exchanger 7c through the line L2b, for example. Then, the heat exchanger 7d supplies the heated exhaust gas G2 to the turbine 6b through the line L26b, for example. The line L26b is, for example, a pipe connecting the outlet side of the exhaust gas G2 in the heat exchanger 7d and the inlet side of the turbine 6b. Furthermore, the heat exchanger 7d supplies the exhaust gas G1 to the heat exchanger 2 through the line L3c, for example. The line L3c is, for example, a pipe connecting the outlet side of the exhaust gas G1 in the heat exchanger 7d and the inlet side of the exhaust gas G1 in the heat exchanger 2.

[0128] Thus, the incineration system 300 in this embodiment includes, for example, a heat exchanger 7d that heats the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the compressor 6a with the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the heat exchanger 7c. The supply unit 20 supplies, for example, the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the heat exchanger 7c to the heat exchanger 7d, and supplies the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the heat exchanger 7d to the heat exchanger 2.

[0129] That is, for example, due to design reasons such as a heat transfer area, the heat exchanger 7c (one heat exchanger 7) may not be able to supply sufficient thermal energy to the turbocharger 6. In addition, the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the heat exchanger 7c may have thermal energy that exceeds the amount that needs to be recovered in the heat exchanger 2, for example.

[0130] Therefore, in the present embodiment, the incineration system 300 has, for example, in addition to the heat exchanger 7c (heat exchanger 7 in the incineration system 100), a heat exchanger 7d further upstream of the heat exchanger 2, so that the thermal energy required for controlling the pressure inside the furnace is also recovered in the heat exchanger 7d.

[0131] As a result, the incineration system 300 in this embodiment is able to stably supply the thermal energy required to control the incinerator pressure to the turbocharger 6 (turbine 6b), for example, thereby making it possible to stably control the incinerator pressure.

[0132] [Incineration system 400 according to the fourth embodiment] Next, an incineration system 400 in the fourth embodiment will be described. Fig. 11 is a diagram for explaining a configuration example of the incineration system 400 in the fourth embodiment. Below, the differences from the incineration system 100 in the first embodiment will be described.

[0133] 11, the incineration system 400 has, for example, a heat exchanger 7 (hereinafter also referred to as heat exchanger 7e) arranged in parallel with the heat exchanger 2. That is, in the incineration system 400, unlike, for example, the incineration system 100, the heat exchanger 2 and the heat exchanger 7e are arranged in parallel.

[0134] The heat exchanger 2 exchanges heat between, for example, the exhaust gas G1 (a part of the exhaust gas G1) discharged from the incinerator 1 and the combustion air supplied by the blower B1.

[0135] Specifically, the heat exchanger 2 heats the combustion air supplied via the line L11 by using, for example, the heat contained in the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the incinerator 1 via the line L1d. The line L1d is, for example, a pipe that connects the outlet side of the exhaust gas G1 in the incinerator 1 with the inlet side of the exhaust gas G1 in the heat exchanger 2. Then, the heat exchanger 2 supplies the heated combustion air to the incinerator 1 (for example, the fluidized bed 1a in the incinerator 1) via, for example, the line L12.

[0136] The heat exchanger 7e exchanges heat between, for example, the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 (another part of the exhaust gas G1) and the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the compressor 6a.

[0137] Specifically, the heat exchanger 7e uses the heat of the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the incinerator 1 through a part of the line L1d and the line L1c to heat the exhaust gas G2 supplied through the line L25c. The line L1c is, for example, a pipe that connects a portion of the line L1d between the outlet side of the incinerator 1 and the inlet side of the heat exchanger 2 to the inlet side of the exhaust gas G1 in the heat exchanger 7e. The line L25c is, for example, a pipe that connects the outlet side of the compressor 6a to the inlet side of the exhaust gas G2 in the heat exchanger 7e. The heat exchanger 7e supplies the heated exhaust gas G2 to the turbine 6b through, for example, the line L26c. The line L26c is, for example, a pipe that connects the outlet side of the exhaust gas G2 in the heat exchanger 7e to the inlet side of the turbine 6b. Furthermore, the heat exchanger 7e supplies the exhaust gas G1 to the dust collector 3, for example, via a line L3d and a part of the line L3. The line L3d is, for example, a pipe that connects the outlet side of the exhaust gas G1 in the heat exchanger 7e to a portion of the line L3 between the outlet side of the heat exchanger 2 and the inlet side of the dust collector 3.

[0138] Thus, in the incineration system 400 of this embodiment, the supply unit 20, for example, supplies a portion of the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 to the heat exchanger 7e, supplies another portion of the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 to the heat exchanger 2, and supplies the exhaust gas G1 (exhaust gas G2) supplied from each of the heat exchanger 7e and the heat exchanger 2 to the compressor 6a.

[0139] That is, in the incinerator 1, for example, the incineration temperature varies depending on the properties of the sludge fed in. Specifically, in the incinerator 1, for example, the lower the moisture content of the sludge, the lower the incineration temperature, and the higher the moisture content of the sludge, the higher the incineration temperature.

[0140] Therefore, the incineration system 400 in this embodiment has, for example, valves V11 and V12 that distribute the exhaust gas G1 discharged from the incinerator 1 to the line L1c and the line L1d, respectively. The valve V11 is, for example, provided in the line L1c, and is a valve that adjusts the supply amount of the exhaust gas G1 from the incinerator 1 to the heat exchanger 7e. The valve V12 is, for example, provided in the line L1d (downstream of the branch point of the line L1d with the line L1c) and is a valve that adjusts the supply amount of the exhaust gas G1 from the incinerator 1 to the heat exchanger 2.

[0141] The control device 10 adjusts the supply amount of the exhaust gas G1 from the incinerator 1 to the heat exchanger 7e and the supply amount of the exhaust gas G1 from the incinerator 1 to the heat exchanger 7e and the supply amount of the exhaust gas G1 from the incinerator 1 to the heat exchanger 2, for example, by performing opening and closing control of at least one of the valves V11 and V12. In other words, the control device 10 dynamically adjusts, for example, the supply amount of the exhaust gas G1 from the incinerator 1 to the heat exchanger 7e and the supply amount of the exhaust gas G1 from the incinerator 1 to the heat exchanger 2.

[0142] Specifically, the control device 10 performs opening and closing control of at least one of the valves V11 and V12, for example, in response to a comparison result between the temperature of the combustion air measured by a thermometer (not shown) provided on the line L12 and a predetermined target temperature (hereinafter, also simply referred to as the target temperature). More specifically, for example, when the temperature of the combustion air is lower than the target temperature, the control device 10 performs closing control of the valve V11 and opening control of the valve V12 to reduce the amount of the exhaust gas G1 supplied to the heat exchanger 7e and increase the amount of the exhaust gas G1 supplied to the heat exchanger 2 (the amount of thermal energy supplied to the heat exchanger 2). On the other hand, for example, when the temperature of the combustion air is higher than the target temperature, the control device 10 performs opening control of the valve V11 and closing control of the valve V12 to increase the amount of the exhaust gas G1 supplied to the heat exchanger 7e and decrease the amount of the exhaust gas G1 supplied to the heat exchanger 2 (the amount of thermal energy supplied to the heat exchanger 2).

[0143] As a result, in the incineration system 400 of this embodiment, for example, it becomes possible to dynamically adjust the amount of thermal energy supplied to heat exchanger 2 and the amount of thermal energy supplied to heat exchanger 7 according to the properties of the sludge.

[0144] In the example shown in FIG. 11, there is one heat exchanger 7 (heat exchanger 7e) that heats the exhaust gas G2 supplied to the turbine 6b, but this is not limited thereto. Specifically, the incineration system 400 may have another heat exchanger 7 arranged in series with the heat exchanger 7e between the line L1c and the line L3d, for example, as in the case of the heat exchanger 7c and the heat exchanger 7d described in FIG. 10. That is, the incineration system 400 in this embodiment may be equipped with another heat exchanger 7 that further heats the exhaust gas G2 supplied from the compressor 6a by the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the heat exchanger 7e. In this case, the supply unit 20 may supply, for example, the exhaust gas G1 supplied from the heat exchanger 7e to the other heat exchanger 7, and supply the exhaust gas G1 (exhaust gas G2) supplied from the other heat exchanger 7 to the compressor 6a. [Explanation of symbols]

[0145] 1: Incinerator 1a: Fluidized bed 2: Heat exchanger 3: Dust collector 4: Smoke washing tower 5: Chimney 6: Turbocharger 6a: Compressor 6b: Turbine 6c: Rotating shaft 10: Control device 20: Supply unit 100: Incineration system B1: Blower B2: Blower L1: Line L1a: Line L1b: Line L1c: Line L1d: Line L2: Line L2a: Line L2b: Line L3: Line L3a: Line L3b: Line L3c: Line L3d: Line L4: Line L11: Line L12: Line L21: Line L22: Line L23: Line L24: Line L25: Line L26: Line L27: Line L28: Bypass L29: Line L30: Line L31: Line L32: Line L41: Line V1: Valve V2: Valve V3: Valve V4: Valve V5: Valve V11: Valve V12: Valve

Claims

1. An incinerator for incinerating the material to be treated; A turbocharger having a compressor that generates compressed gas by inducing and compressing the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator and a turbine that drives the compressor; A first heat exchanger that heats the compressed gas supplied from the compressor by at least a portion of the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator; A second heat exchanger that heats the air supplied to the incinerator by at least a portion of the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator; a supply unit that supplies the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator to each of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, supplies the exhaust gas supplied from each of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger to the compressor, supplies the compressed gas supplied from the compressor to the first heat exchanger, and supplies the compressed gas supplied from the first heat exchanger to the turbine.

2. The second heat exchanger heats up the air by the exhaust gas supplied from the first heat exchanger, The incineration system of claim 1, wherein the supply unit supplies the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator to the first heat exchanger, supplies the exhaust gas supplied from the first heat exchanger to the second heat exchanger, and supplies the exhaust gas supplied from the second heat exchanger to the compressor.

3. The incineration system of claim 1, wherein the supply unit supplies a portion of the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator to the first heat exchanger, supplies another portion of the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator to the second heat exchanger, and supplies the exhaust gas supplied from each of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger to the compressor.

4. Further, a control device for controlling the pressure inside the incinerator is provided, The incineration system of claim 1, wherein the control device controls the supply unit to control the amount of compressed gas supplied from the first heat exchanger to the turbine in accordance with the amount of compressed gas supplied from the compressor to the first heat exchanger, thereby controlling the amount of exhaust gas induced by the compressor and controlling the pressure within the incinerator.

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