Device and method for decomposing water-containing explosive

Abstract

To provide a device and method for decomposing a water-containing explosive that is feasible and safe for use in actual construction sites, etc.SOLUTION: A device for decomposition includes: a decomposition tank 2 into which a water-containing explosive and a decomposition agent are fed, in which the water-containing explosive is decomposed into an oil layer and a water layer; and an adsorption separation tank 3 into which the oil layer and the water layer decomposed in the decomposition tank 2 are fed, the separation tank being provided with an oil adsorbent 6 that adsorbs the oil layer, and being provided with a drain 4 through which the water layer that has not been adsorbed by the oil adsorbent 6 is discharged. The decomposition tank 2 includes a stirring device 7 for stirring the water-containing explosive and the decomposition agent.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a decomposition device and a decomposition method for safely decomposing water-containing explosives used in blasting mountain tunnels and the like. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, the work of blasting for mountain tunnels has been known as one of the tasks with a high risk of skin-falling accidents because it is necessary to approach the tunnel face. If this blasting work could be automated, the amount of work required to approach the tunnel face would be reduced, and the safety of mountain tunnel construction would be improved. In addition, as typified by the Linear Chuo Shinkansen, long-hole blasting is required for the construction of long tunnels in hard rock, so there is a demand for improving the productivity of blasting work.

[0003] As a technology that satisfies these demands, automation technology for blasting charges using site-mixed water-containing explosives (bulk emulsion explosives) is attracting attention. Bulk emulsion explosives are gel-like low-viscosity explosives that contain water and are based on ammonium nitrate (AN). They are not packaged in paper or resin film, and the gel explosives are pumped through a hose by a pumping machine such as a monopump, making it possible to load the appropriate amount into the drilled hole. This makes it easy to control the amount of charge, and by linking it to the drilling data of the drill jumbo, it becomes possible to carry out efficient loading and blasting.

[0004] When tunnel blasting is performed using site-mixed bulk emulsion explosives, it is necessary to dispose of the bulk emulsion explosives remaining in the hoses, pumps, etc. in a safe manner. Conventionally, methods of disposing of such explosives include detonation or incineration in small quantities. However, in order to perform the detonation, it is necessary to obtain a disposal permit under the Explosives Control Law, take about 100g of water-containing explosives prepared to an appropriate specific gravity, attach an electric detonator to the same amount of commercially available water-containing explosives, and detonate them in a reinforced concrete explosives pit with an internal volume of 10 cubic meters or more. On the other hand, in order to perform the incineration, it is necessary to obtain a disposal permit under the Explosives Control Law, select a day with little wind, divide the explosives into about 20kg, arrange them in a line so that they burn slowly, ignite them from the downwind side, and dispose of them by incineration. In either case, it was practically impossible to set up a waste disposal site at a tunnel construction site, etc., as it would require a vast area, and the work was also dangerous in the event of explosion or incineration.

[0005] Incidentally, the following Patent Document 1 discloses a method for decomposing emulsion explosives, in which a mixture of an organic solvent and water, a mixture of a surfactant and water, or a mixture of an organic solvent, a surfactant and water is added to the emulsion explosive, and the mixture is cut or mixed to separate and decompose the emulsion explosives. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] JP 2001-199786 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] However, while the decomposition method described in Patent Document 1 discloses a method for separating and decomposing emulsion explosives, it does not disclose a method for safely decomposing them at actual construction sites, etc., and there has been a demand for a decomposition device and decomposition method that can be implemented at actual construction sites, etc.

[0008] SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT EMBODIMENTS Accordingly, a primary object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for decomposing water-containing explosives which can be implemented in actual construction sites and the like and which is safe. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention according to claim 1 comprises a decomposition tank into which a water-containing explosive and a decomposition agent are charged and in which the water-containing explosive is decomposed into an oil layer and a water layer; The present invention provides an apparatus for decomposing water-containing explosives, comprising an adsorption and separation tank into which the oil layer and the water layer decomposed in the decomposition tank are input and which is provided with an oil adsorbent that adsorbs the oil layer, and which is equipped with a drain outlet through which the water layer that is not adsorbed by the oil adsorbent is discharged.

[0010] The invention described in claim 1 above is a decomposition device that recovers water-containing explosives remaining in hoses, pumps, etc., and safely decomposes them. This decomposition device is composed of a decomposition tank and an adsorption / separation tank. The recovered water-containing explosives and a decomposing agent are put into the decomposition tank, and the emulsion is broken down by the action of the decomposing agent, causing the water-containing explosives to be decomposed into two phases: oil (oil layer) and water and inorganic salts (aqueous layer). The decomposed oil layer and aqueous layer are then put into the adsorption / separation tank. The adsorption / separation tank is provided with an oil adsorbent that absorbs oil, and the oil layer is adsorbed by the oil adsorbent, and the remaining water (aqueous layer) is discharged from a drain outlet.

[0011] In this way, the decomposition apparatus of the present invention decomposes water-containing explosives into safe oil and water layers, which can be separated and recovered, making it possible to safely dispose of excess water-containing explosives on-site.

[0012] As described above, the "water-containing explosive" refers to recovered water-containing explosive remaining inside a hose, a pump, etc., and as will be described in detail later, this concept includes not only water-containing explosives that have been sensitized by mixing a foaming agent into an explosive intermediate, but also water-containing explosives and explosive intermediates in the process of being manufactured, water-containing explosives and explosive intermediates that have not foamed properly, and explosive intermediates before a foaming agent is mixed in.

[0013] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for decomposing a water-containing explosive as set forth in the first aspect, wherein the decomposition tank is provided with an agitator for agitating the water-containing explosive and the decomposition agent.

[0014] In the invention described in claim 2, the decomposition tank is provided with a stirring device such as a propeller type stirring device for stirring the water-containing explosive and the decomposition agent, thereby accelerating the decomposition.

[0015] As a third aspect of the present invention, the decomposition apparatus is configured such that the decomposition tank is disposed on an upper stage side and the adsorption / separation tank is disposed on a lower stage side, The present invention provides an apparatus for decomposing water-containing explosives as described in claim 1, wherein a discharge section is provided at the bottom of the decomposition tank so that the decomposed oil layer and water layer can be discharged and fed into the adsorption separation tank.

[0016] In the invention described in claim 3, the decomposition apparatus is integrated with the upper decomposition tank and the lower adsorption / separation tank, and a discharge section is provided at the bottom of the upper decomposition tank to discharge the decomposed oil layer and water layer and feed them into the adsorption / separation tank. Since the decomposition apparatus is integrated in this way, it can be easily installed in a narrow space such as a tunnel construction site.

[0017] The present invention relates to claim 4, and provides an apparatus for decomposing water-containing explosives as described in claim 1, in which the oil adsorbent is arranged so as to be spread out inside the adsorption separation tank and is arranged at an angle from one side edge of the adsorption separation tank to the opposite other side edge.

[0018] The invention described in claim 4 above specifies the arrangement of the oil adsorbents in the adsorption separation tank, and the oil adsorbents are arranged so as to be spread out inside the adsorption separation tank, and are arranged at an angle from one side edge of the adsorption separation tank to the opposite other side edge, thereby accelerating separation and absorption of the oil layer by the oil adsorbents.

[0019] According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for decomposing a water-containing explosive as set forth in the first aspect, wherein the decomposition tank is provided with an exhaust means for exhausting to the outside a gas generated in the process of decomposing the water-containing explosive.

[0020] In the invention described in claim 5 above, the decomposition tank is equipped with an exhaust means for discharging to the outside the gas generated during the separation process of the water-containing explosive, thereby preventing an increase in internal pressure in the decomposition tank due to the gas generated during the decomposition process of the water-containing explosive.

[0021] According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a decomposition step of feeding a water-containing explosive and a decomposition agent into a decomposition tank and decomposing the water-containing explosive into an oil layer and a water layer; and an adsorption / separation step of introducing the oil layer and the aqueous layer decomposed in the decomposition step into an adsorption / separation tank and separating the oil layer into an oil layer and an aqueous layer by adsorbing the oil layer onto an oil adsorbent provided in the adsorption / separation tank.

[0022] The invention described in claim 6 above specifies a method for decomposing water-containing explosives, which comprises a decomposition process in which water-containing explosives and a decomposing agent are charged into a decomposition tank and the water-containing explosives are decomposed into an oil layer and a water layer, and an adsorption separation process in which the oil layer and the water layer decomposed in this decomposition process are charged into an adsorption separation tank and the oil layer is adsorbed by an oil adsorbent provided in the adsorption separation tank, thereby separating the oil layer and the water layer. This can be realized even in actual construction sites where a large space cannot be secured, and makes it possible to safely decompose water-containing explosives.

[0023] According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for decomposing a water-containing explosive as set forth in claim 6, in which the water-containing explosive and the decomposing agent are stirred and allowed to stand in the decomposition tank, and then sent to the adsorption separation tank.

[0024] In the invention described in claim 7, the water-containing explosive and the decomposition agent are stirred in the decomposition tank to promote decomposition, and then the water-containing explosive is left to stand for a while to fully decompose the water-containing explosive into an oil layer and an aqueous layer, and the oil layer and the aqueous layer are then charged into the adsorption separation tank.

[0025] The present invention according to claim 8 provides a method for decomposing a water-containing explosive as described in claim 6, which comprises decompressing and pressurizing the water-containing explosive to remove any bubbles contained in the water-containing explosive and then carrying out the decomposition step, or simultaneously carrying out the step of decompressing and pressurizing the water-containing explosive to remove any bubbles contained in the water-containing explosive and the decomposition step.

[0026] In the invention described in claim 8, the decomposition step is carried out after removing bubbles contained in the water-containing explosive by decomposing the water-containing explosive with a decomposing agent, thereby making the water-containing explosive safe. If bubbles can be removed from the water-containing explosive, no explosion will occur, so the processing can be carried out safely. When a decomposing agent having a low predetermined vapor pressure is used as the decomposing agent, it is possible to simultaneously carry out the step of removing bubbles contained in the water-containing explosive by decompressing and pressurizing the water-containing explosive and the decomposing step in the decomposing tank. Effect of the Invention

[0027] As described above in detail, the present invention makes it possible to provide an apparatus and method for decomposing water-containing explosives which can be implemented in actual construction sites and the like and which is safe. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0028] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the manufacturing process of a site-mixing type water-containing explosive. [Diagram 2] FIG. 1 is a front view showing a disassembly device 1 according to the present invention. [Diagram 3] This is a side view. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a front view showing a modified example of the disassembly device 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0029] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0030] For example, an explosives manufacturing system 20 for manufacturing site-mixed type water-containing explosives (bulk emulsion explosives) used at tunnel construction sites, as shown in FIG. 1, is composed of an explosive intermediate storage tank 21 for storing an explosive intermediate in an emulsion state (ANE: ammonium nitrate emulsion), a foaming agent storage tank 22 for storing a foaming agent, a pressure pump 23 for pressure-feeding the explosive intermediate and the foaming agent, and a loading hose 25 into which the explosive intermediate and the foaming agent are pumped and which, when inserted into a drilled hole 24 drilled in the tunnel face, discharges the explosive intermediate and the foaming agent from the tip to load the water-containing explosive into the drilled hole 24.

[0031] The explosive intermediate and foaming agent discharged from the tip of the charge hose 25 are mixed inside the drilling hole 24, and become sensitized only inside the drilling hole 24, becoming a water-containing explosive. In other words, the explosive intermediate before the foaming agent is mixed is not an explosive, is not subject to the Explosives Control Act, and is treated as a hazardous material under the Fire Service Act, so no management system like that for explosives is required, and each material can be stored, transported, and handled separately.

[0032] In the above-mentioned explosives manufacturing system 20, (1) water-containing explosives and explosive intermediates until the initial mixture is stabilized, (2) water-containing explosives and explosive intermediates remaining inside the pressure pump 23 and the charge hose 25 after the completion of charging, (3) water-containing explosives and explosive intermediates in which foaming has progressed inside the pressure pump 23 and the charge hose 25 when the charge work is suddenly interrupted, and (4) water-containing explosives and explosive intermediates that are left over from test runs, etc. must be safely destroyed in emulsion state, separated into oils (oil layer) such as waxes and surfactants with large molecular weights, and inorganic salt aqueous solution (aqueous layer) containing nitrates, and then disposed of. Such surplus explosives must be disposed of on-site because there are no legally compliant containers, no place to store them, and no means of transportation, even if they are to be stored on-site, due to various restrictions under the Explosives Control Act.

[0033] The present invention relates to a decomposition device and a decomposition method for safely decomposing the above-mentioned site mixing type water-containing explosive.

[0034] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the decomposition apparatus 1 of the present invention is composed of a decomposition tank 2 into which a water-containing explosive and a decomposition agent are charged and where the water-containing explosive is decomposed into an oil layer and a water layer, and an adsorption / separation tank 3 into which the oil layer and water layer decomposed in the decomposition tank 2 are charged and which is equipped with an oil adsorbent 6 that adsorbs the oil layer and is also equipped with a drainage outlet 4 through which the water layer that is not adsorbed by the oil adsorbent 6 is discharged.

[0035] 2 and 3, the decomposition tank 2 is a hollow box surrounded on all sides by a top plate, side plates, and bottom plate made of metal such as stainless steel or aluminum, or resin, and is formed into a tank shape capable of storing materials inside, and is formed into a hopper shape with a tapered bottom. The bottom of the hopper is provided with a discharge section 5 for discharging the decomposed oil layer and water layer. The decomposition tank 2 is provided with an inlet for the water-containing explosive and the decomposition agent, and the inlet is provided with an openable lid, and the inside of the tank can be sealed by closing the inlet with the lid.

[0036] The decomposition tank 2 is charged with surplus water-containing explosives produced by the explosive manufacturing system 20 (including not only water-containing explosives that have been sensitized by mixing a foaming agent with an explosive intermediate, as exemplified by (1) to (4) above, but also water-containing explosives and explosive intermediates in the middle of production, water-containing explosives and explosive intermediates that have not foamed properly, and explosive intermediates before being mixed with a foaming agent), and also a decomposition agent that destroys the emulsion state of the water-containing explosives and decomposes them into two phases: oil (oil layer) and water and inorganic salts (aqueous layer). The decomposition agent may be charged before or after the charging of the water-containing explosives, or both, or simultaneously.

[0037] The decomposition agent is prepared by adding water as a decomposition assistant to a main decomposition agent consisting of either or both of an alcohol and a surfactant.

[0038] The alcohols include one or a combination of methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, and butanol.

[0039] Examples of the surfactant include fatty acid surfactants such as sodium stearate, and alkylbenzenesulfonic acid surfactants.

[0040] Furthermore, as the decomposition assistant, a commercially available wastewater treatment agent capable of decomposing oil-containing wastewater into oil and water (for example, Emulsion Breaker manufactured by Matsuken Co., Ltd.) may be used.

[0041] The decomposition agent is stored in a decomposition agent storage tank disposed near the decomposition tank 2, and the decomposition agent is appropriately added to the decomposition tank 2 from the decomposition agent storage tank.

[0042] The temperature conditions during the decomposition treatment in the decomposition tank 2 are not particularly limited as long as they are room temperature, but a temperature of -10°C to 35°C is preferable.

[0043] The decomposition tank 2 is provided with an agitator 7 for agitating the water-containing explosive and the decomposition agent introduced therein. By agitating the water-containing explosive and the decomposition agent, the decomposition of the water-containing explosive is promoted. As the agitator 7, any known agitator can be used without limitation, but a manual agitator or an electric propeller agitator is preferable so that the water-containing explosive and the decomposition agent introduced into the decomposition tank 2 can be agitated. The propeller agitator has one or more agitating blades fixed to a rotating shaft protruding from a top plate, a side plate, and / or a bottom plate, and the agitating blades rotate by the rotation of the rotating shaft by an electric motor to agitate the material stored in the decomposition tank 2. The propeller agitator is designed to be operated continuously or intermittently for a predetermined time by a built-in timer.

[0044] After stirring the water-containing explosive and the decomposition agent in the decomposition tank 2, the mixture is left to stand for a predetermined time (at least several hours) and the water-containing explosive is decomposed into an oil layer and an aqueous layer by the action of the decomposition agent. The decomposed oil layer and aqueous layer are fed into the adsorption / separation tank 3 through the discharge part 5 provided at the bottom of the decomposition tank 2.

[0045] In order to promote the decomposition by the decomposition agent, the decomposition tank 2 containing the water-containing explosive and the decomposition agent may be covered and sealed with a lid, and the pressure inside the decomposition tank 2 may be reduced by 10% or more below atmospheric pressure by operating a vacuum pump. If the decomposition is slow, repeating the cycle of reduced pressure and normal pressure multiple times is also effective in promoting the decomposition.

[0046] The decomposition tank 2 is also provided with an exhaust means for discharging gas generated during the decomposition reaction of the water-containing explosive by the decomposition agent to the outside. The exhaust means may be a means for preventing the internal pressure from increasing by opening a valve connected to an exhaust port when the internal pressure in the sealed decomposition tank 2 reaches or exceeds a predetermined pressure.

[0047] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the adsorption / separation tank 3 is formed in a tank shape in which at least the side and bottom are surrounded by side plates and a bottom plate made of a metal such as stainless steel or aluminum, or a resin, and is formed in a hopper shape with a taper at the bottom. The inside of the adsorption / separation tank 3 has a downward slope from the edge on the side where the discharge part 5 of the decomposition tank 2 is provided to the opposite edge, and a drain port 4 for draining separated water is provided at the bottom on the lower end side of this downward slope. The upper surface of the adsorption / separation tank 3 may be open, or may be covered with a top plate having through holes through which the oil layer and the water layer discharged from the discharge part 5 can pass.

[0048] The oil adsorbent 6 provided in the adsorption / separation tank 3 separates the oil layer from the aqueous layer by adsorbing only the oil layer out of the oil layer and aqueous layer charged in the adsorption / separation tank 3.

[0049] The oil adsorbent 6 is a fiber aggregate made of synthetic fibers such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyethylene propylene, natural fibers such as wool, palm, kapok, and other nuts, and grass, a mixture of these synthetic and natural fibers, or a mixed fiber made of a mixture of a plurality of fibers. The fiber aggregate is a woven or nonwoven fabric formed into a sheet, plate, or cloth shape.

[0050] If separation of the oil layer and the water layer is insufficient using only the oil adsorbent 6, separation may be promoted by spraying a commercially available oil adsorbent (e.g., "AC Light" manufactured by Taniguchi Shokai Co., Ltd., product name "Oil Gater", "Shelbio" manufactured by Suzuki Oil Industries Co., Ltd., etc.) used to adsorb oil that has spilled onto roads or sea surfaces.

[0051] The oil adsorbent 6 is spread over the bottom or the middle part in the height direction of the adsorption and separation tank 3, and the oil layer and the water layer decomposed in the decomposition tank 2 are poured onto the upper surface of the oil adsorbent 6. In the process of permeating the poured oil layer and the water layer, the oil layer is adsorbed by the oil adsorbent 6 and separated, and the remaining water layer is discharged from the drain outlet 4 to the outside of the tank.

[0052] The oil adsorbent 6 that has adsorbed the oil layer can be used in various ways, such as by treating it as combustible material, by using it as boiler fuel, by extracting the adsorbed oil and decomposing it into lighter oil through a decomposition reaction, and by adding it to diesel fuel.

[0053] In addition, the water layer discharged from the drain outlet 4 is an aqueous solution containing sodium nitrate (NaNO3), ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), acetic acid (CH3COOH), etc., and is therefore slightly acidic. Therefore, it can be discharged after being treated, if necessary, by adjusting the pH or diluting it, or by treating it at a wastewater treatment facility.

[0054] As shown in Fig. 2, the oil adsorbents 6 arranged so as to be spread out inside the adsorption / separation tank 3 are preferably arranged at an angle from one side edge of the adsorption / separation tank 3 to the other side edge opposite thereto. A discharge section 5 through which the oil layer and water layer decomposed in the decomposition tank 2 are discharged is arranged on the upper side of this inclined oil adsorbent 6, and a drain outlet 4 through which the water layer separated in the adsorption / separation tank 3 is drained is arranged on the lower side. By arranging the oil adsorbent 6 at an angle in this manner, the oil layer and the water layer are easily separated as the oil layer and the water layer poured on the upper side flow down the inclined oil adsorbent 6, and separation and absorption of the oil layer into the oil adsorbent 6 can be promoted.

[0055] In the decomposition apparatus 1, the decomposition tank 2 and the adsorption separation tank 3 may be arranged separately, but it is preferable to arrange the decomposition tank 2 on the upper stage side and the adsorption separation tank 3 on the lower stage side as shown in Figures 2 and 3, and to form an integrated system structure in which the decomposition tank 2 and the adsorption separation tank 3 are supported by framework members 8 including columns, beams, and stands. This allows easy installation in narrow spaces such as tunnel construction sites, and makes it easy to dispose of explosives on site.

[0056] A discharge section 5 is located at one end of the bottom of the upper decomposition tank 2, through which the oil layer and aqueous layer decomposed in the decomposition tank 2 are discharged and fed into the adsorption separation tank 3. At the other end of the bottom of the lower adsorption separation tank 3, opposite to the one end, a drainage outlet 4 is located, through which the aqueous layer separated in the adsorption separation tank 3 is discharged.

[0057] The oil layer and the water layer can be separated not only by a single-stage tank covered with oil adsorbent 6, but also by a multi-stage oil separation tank that divides the inside into multiple compartments and separates the oil and water based on the difference in specific gravity.

[0058] Alternatively, a wide variety of commercially available oil-water separators can be used, such as a centrifugal oil-water separator or a metal roll oil-water separator.

[0059] Among these, the oil adsorbent type (a separation device using the above-mentioned oil adsorbent 6) is preferable because it is resistant to shaking during movement, does not require power, and has a simple structure.

[0060] Next, a method for decomposing a water-containing explosive according to the present invention will be described. The method for decomposing a water-containing explosive comprises a decomposition step in which a water-containing explosive and a decomposing agent are charged into a decomposition tank 2 to decompose the water-containing explosive into an oil layer and an aqueous layer, and an adsorption separation step in which the oil layer and the aqueous layer decomposed in the decomposition step are charged into an adsorption separation tank 3 and the oil layer is adsorbed by an oil adsorbent 6 provided in the adsorption separation tank 3 to separate the oil layer and the aqueous layer.

[0061] When it is desired to increase the decomposition rate in the decomposition tank 2, the water-containing explosive and the decomposition agent are stirred by the stirring device 7 in the decomposition tank 2. After stirring, the mixture is left to stand for several hours, and when the water-containing explosive is decomposed into an oil layer and an aqueous layer, the oil layer and the aqueous layer are discharged from the discharge part 5 at the bottom.

[0062] As a pretreatment for decomposing the water-containing explosive with a decomposing agent, it is preferable to subject the water-containing explosive to a decomposition / pressurization treatment to remove any air bubbles contained in the water-containing explosive, thereby making it safe, before proceeding to the decomposition step.

[0063] This pre-processing is performed in the following procedure. First, surplus water-containing explosive (including explosive intermediates) is charged into the decomposition tank 2.

[0064] Next, water is poured into the decomposition tank 2 to cover the water-containing explosives. The amount of water to be poured is at least 50% by weight of the water-containing explosives poured into the tank. 3 Since water is lighter, it is placed over the top of the water explosive.

[0065] After that, the decomposition tank 2 is sealed, and as shown in Figure 4, the tank is depressurized with a vacuum pump 9 and then returned to normal pressure, or the tank is pressurized with a pressure pump and then returned to normal pressure. By applying such pressure fluctuations, it becomes possible to change the size of the fine air bubbles dispersed in the water-containing explosive, and to remove them quickly. Once the air bubbles are removed from the water-containing explosive, it returns to the same properties as the explosive intermediate before the air bubbles were mixed in, and it will no longer explode.

[0066] Thereafter, a decomposition agent is charged into the decomposition tank 2, and the decomposition process proceeds, where the water-containing explosive is decomposed into an oil layer and a water layer.

[0067] When a decomposition agent having a low vapor pressure such as a surfactant is used instead of a decomposition agent having a high vapor pressure such as a lower alcohol, the decomposition agent may be charged in advance into the decomposition tank 2 before the above-mentioned decomposition process is started. In this case, the decomposition process and the process of removing bubbles contained in the water-containing explosive by decompressing and pressurizing the water-containing explosive are carried out simultaneously in the decomposition tank 2. EXAMPLES

[0068] Using a decomposition apparatus 1 consisting of a stainless steel decomposition tank 2 having an internal volume of 150 liters and a stainless steel adsorption / separation tank 3 having an internal volume of 50 liters, a decomposition experiment of a water-containing explosive was carried out.

[0069] A total of 20 kg of the water-containing explosive in the process of being manufactured and used for the specific gravity measurement, as well as the excess water-containing explosive in the hose, were charged into decomposition tank 2.

[0070] After adding isopropanol (decomposer) in an amount of 10-20% by weight of the weight of the water-containing explosive, the explosive is left to decompose for several hours. In order to improve the separation effect of the oil adsorbent 6 after decomposition, water is added in an amount of 10-50% by weight of the weight of the water-containing explosive depending on the decomposition condition by the decomposer.

[0071] In the adsorption / separation tank 3, oil adsorbents 6 capable of absorbing 5 to 10 times the weight of oil contained in the water-containing explosives charged in the decomposition tank 2 are laid out. In this embodiment, an oil adsorbent made from kapok fruit is used as the oil adsorbent 6. This oil adsorbent 6 made from kapok fruit has the ability to absorb 40 times the amount of oil per gram of adsorbent fiber.

[0072] The oil layer and the water layer decomposed in the decomposition tank 2 are gradually discharged from the discharge port 5 at the bottom of the decomposition tank 2, and fed into the adsorption separation tank 3. Of the oil layer and the water layer fed into the adsorption separation tank 3, only the water layer that has permeated the oil adsorbent 6 is discharged from the drain outlet 4 at the bottom of the adsorption separation tank 3, and then treated in a wastewater treatment plant.

[0073] The oil adsorbent 6 that absorbed the oil layer can be treated as combustible waste and was used as fuel for the boiler. EXAMPLES

[0074] Using the same decomposition apparatus 1 as in Example 1, a total of 50 kg of the water-containing explosive in the process of being manufactured and used for measuring the specific gravity, and the excess water-containing explosive in the hose, were charged into a decomposition tank 2.

[0075] Sodium dodecyl-benzenesulfonate (decomposer) was added in an amount of 10-20% of the weight of the water-containing explosive, and the same amount of water was added, and the decomposition tank 2 was then sealed with a lid, after which a vacuum pump was used to reduce the pressure inside the decomposition tank 2 by 10% or more below atmospheric pressure to promote decomposition. If the decomposition is slow, it is possible to repeat the cycle of reducing the pressure and then reducing it to normal pressure, and it is also possible to use stirring as appropriate.

[0076] The subsequent treatment steps in the adsorption / separation tank 3 are the same as those in the first embodiment. [Explanation of symbols]

[0077] 1...decomposition device, 2...decomposition tank, 3...adsorption separation tank, 4...drain outlet, 5...discharge section, 6...oil adsorbent, 7...mixing device, 8...structural member, 9...vacuum pump, 20...explosives manufacturing system, 21...explosive intermediate storage tank, 22...foaming agent storage tank, 23...pressure pump, 24...drilling, 25...charge hose

Claims

1. a decomposition tank into which a water-containing explosive and a decomposition agent are charged and in which the water-containing explosive is decomposed into an oil layer and an aqueous layer; an adsorption and separation tank into which the oil layer and the aqueous layer decomposed in the decomposition tank are input and which is provided with an oil adsorbent that adsorbs the oil layer, and which is equipped with a drain outlet through which the aqueous layer that is not adsorbed by the oil adsorbent is discharged.

2. 2. The apparatus for decomposing a water-containing explosive according to claim 1, wherein the decomposition tank is provided with an agitator for agitating the water-containing explosive and the decomposition agent.

3. the decomposition apparatus is configured such that the decomposition tank is disposed on an upper stage side and the adsorption / separation tank is disposed on a lower stage side, 2. The apparatus for decomposing water-containing explosives as described in claim 1, further comprising a discharge section at the bottom of the decomposition tank through which the decomposed oil layer and water layer are discharged and fed into the adsorption separation tank.

4. An apparatus for decomposing water-containing explosives as described in claim 1, wherein the oil adsorbent is arranged so as to be spread out inside the adsorption separation tank and is arranged at an angle from one side edge of the adsorption separation tank to the opposite other side edge.

5. 2. The apparatus for decomposing a water-containing explosive according to claim 1, wherein the decomposition tank is provided with an exhaust means for exhausting gas generated during the decomposition process of the water-containing explosive to the outside.

6. a decomposition step of feeding a water-containing explosive and a decomposition agent into a decomposition tank and decomposing the water-containing explosive into an oil layer and a water layer; an adsorption separation step of introducing the oil layer and the aqueous layer decomposed in the decomposition step into an adsorption separation tank and separating the oil layer into an oil layer and an aqueous layer by adsorbing the oil layer onto an oil adsorbent provided in the adsorption separation tank.

7. 7. The method for decomposing water-containing explosives according to claim 6, wherein the water-containing explosives and the decomposing agent are stirred and allowed to stand in the decomposition tank, and then sent to the adsorption separation tank.

8. A method for decomposing a water-containing explosive as described in claim 6, wherein the decomposition step is carried out after the water-containing explosive is subjected to a decompression / pressurization treatment to remove air bubbles contained in the water-containing explosive, or the decomposition step and the step of decompression / pressurization of the water-containing explosive to remove air bubbles contained in the water-containing explosive are carried out simultaneously.

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