Slide component

Abstract

To provide a slide component capable of suppressing abrasion between slide surfaces in forward and backward rotations and also suppressing leakage of hermetically charged fluid.SOLUTION: There is provided an annular slide component 10 that is arranged at a relatively rotating part of a rotary machine to slide relatively to the other slide component 20, and comprises: a plurality of fluid introduction grooves 16 which communicate with a space S2 on a hermetically charged fluid F side to introduce the hermetically charged fluid F to a slide surface 11: and a plurality of inclined grooves 14 which extend from a leakage side toward the hermetically charged fluid F side to generate dynamic pressure, wherein the slide component 10 comprises, on the slide surface 11, a reversely inclined groove 15 which is provided on the hermetically charged fluid F side of the inclined grooves 14 and extends in the opposite direction from the inclined grooves 14 to generate the dynamic pressure.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a sliding part that rotates relative to another sliding part, for example, a sliding part used in a shaft sealing device that seals a rotating shaft of a rotating machine in an automobile, general industrial machine, or other sealing field, or a sliding part used in a bearing of a machine in an automobile, general industrial machine, or other bearing field. [Background technology]

[0002] As an example of a shaft sealing device for preventing leakage of a sealed fluid, a mechanical seal is provided with a pair of annular sliding components that rotate relative to one another and slide against each other on their sliding surfaces. In such mechanical seals, there has been a demand in recent years for the purpose of environmental measures and the like to reduce the energy lost due to sliding.

[0003] For example, the mechanical seal shown in Patent Document 1 is configured such that a pair of annular sliding parts are rotatable relative to each other, a sealed fluid is present in the outer space, and a low-pressure fluid is present in the inner space. One of the sliding parts is provided with a fluid introduction groove that communicates with the outer space where the sealed fluid is present and has a closed inner diameter end, and is provided with an inclined groove that communicates with the inner space where the low-pressure fluid is present, extends in an arc shape while inclining in the circumferential direction from the inner diameter end toward the outer diameter side, and has a closed outer diameter end downstream in the relative rotation direction. According to this, when the pair of sliding parts start to rotate relative to each other, the sealed fluid present in the outer space is introduced into the fluid introduction groove, thereby lubricating the sliding surfaces of the pair of sliding parts, and when the pair of sliding parts rotate at high speed, the low-pressure fluid present in the inner space is introduced into the inclined groove, generating a positive pressure at and near the outer diameter end, slightly separating the sliding surfaces of the pair of sliding parts, thereby realizing low friction. In addition, during high-speed rotation, the sealed fluid that flows from the outer space between the sliding surfaces and moves toward the inner diameter side of the sliding surfaces is sucked in by the inclined grooves, thereby preventing the sealed fluid from leaking from between the pair of sliding parts into the low-pressure inner space. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 6444492 (pages 9 and 10, Figure 2) Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, in the sliding parts such as those described in Patent Document 1, the inclined groove is arranged on the leakage side of one of the sliding parts and extends from the inner diameter end to the outer diameter side so that the leakage side fluid is introduced during forward rotation, which makes it possible to reduce wear and suppress leakage. However, during reverse rotation, although the sealed fluid flows out from the fluid introduction groove between the sliding surfaces, resulting in excellent lubrication, there is a problem in that the sealed fluid leaks out from between the pair of sliding parts into the internal space.

[0006] The present invention has been made in consideration of such problems, and has an object to provide a sliding component that can suppress wear between the sliding surfaces during both forward and reverse rotation (hereinafter sometimes referred to as both rotations), and can suppress leakage of the sealed fluid. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the sliding component of the present invention comprises: An annular sliding component is disposed at a relative rotating portion of a rotary machine, slides relative to another sliding component, and has a plurality of fluid introduction grooves on a sliding surface which communicate with a space on a sealed fluid side and introduce the sealed fluid, and a plurality of inclined grooves which extend from a leakage side to the sealed fluid side and generate dynamic pressure, The sliding surface of the sliding component is provided with a reverse inclined groove which is provided on the sealed fluid side of the inclined groove, extends in the opposite direction to the inclined groove, and generates dynamic pressure. According to this, during reverse rotation, the sealed fluid that has entered the reverse inclined groove on the sealed fluid side of the inclined groove moves due to shear with the sliding surfaces of the other sliding parts and is returned from the end of the reverse inclined groove on the sealed fluid side to between the sliding surfaces toward the sealed fluid side, thereby reducing leakage of the sealed fluid into the space on the leakage side. Also, during both rotations, the sliding surfaces can be lubricated to suppress wear, and leakage of the sealed fluid from between the pair of sliding parts into the space on the leakage side can be suppressed.

[0008] The inclined groove may communicate with the leakage side space. According to this, during forward rotation, the leakage fluid is more easily introduced into the inclined groove, making it easier for the leakage fluid to generate positive pressure within the inclined groove, thereby enhancing the dynamic pressure effect.

[0009] The inclined groove and the inversely inclined groove may be continuous grooves. According to this, during reverse rotation, the sealed fluid that attempts to move through the inclined groove toward the leakage side can be returned to the sealed fluid side by the reverse inclined groove, thereby reducing leakage of the sealed fluid into the leakage side space.

[0010] Between the inclined groove and the reverse inclined groove, an annular land portion may be provided which is continuous in the circumferential direction on the sealed fluid side of the inclined groove and has a predetermined radial width or more. According to this, during reverse rotation, the sealed fluid is captured in the reverse inclined groove on the sealed fluid side of the annular land, so that the sealed fluid can be prevented from entering the inclined groove. Also, since the inclined groove and the reverse inclined groove are separated by the annular land, the inclined groove and the reverse inclined groove do not interfere with each other's dynamic pressure generation during both rotations, so that the dynamic pressure effect can be easily exerted.

[0011] The radial center of the annular land portion may be located closer to the sealed fluid side than the radial center of the sliding surface. With this, since the annular land portion is positioned radially toward the sealed fluid side on the sliding surface, a long extension distance can be ensured, and during forward rotation the inclined groove becomes the main source of dynamic pressure rather than the reverse inclined groove, thereby suppressing leakage of the sealed fluid into the space on the leakage side.

[0012] The reverse inclined groove may have a shorter extension distance than the inclined groove. According to this, during reverse rotation, positive pressure can be generated in the reverse inclined groove early.

[0013] The inversely inclined groove may be a groove whose end on the sealed fluid side is tapered. According to this, during reverse rotation, the sealed fluid can be concentrated at the tapered end of the reverse inclined groove to easily generate positive pressure, thereby enhancing the dynamic pressure effect.

[0014] The fluid introduction groove may include a dynamic pressure generating portion. According to this, the dynamic pressure generating section generates dynamic pressure to separate the sliding surfaces slightly and introduce the sealed fluid between the sliding surfaces, thereby improving the lubrication between the sliding surfaces.

[0015] In the sliding surface of the sliding component according to the present invention, the inclined groove may have both a radial component and a circumferential component in its extending direction. Similarly, the reverse inclined groove may have both a radial component and a circumferential component in its extending direction, and may extend in the opposite direction from the upstream to the downstream during relative rotation to the inclined groove.

[0016] The sealed fluid may be gas or liquid, or may be a mist of a mixture of liquid and gas. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an example of a mechanical seal according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2]3 is a view showing a sliding surface of a stationary seal ring in the first embodiment as viewed from the axial direction. FIG. [Diagram 3] 3 is an enlarged view of the sliding surface of the stationary seal ring in the first embodiment as viewed from the axial direction. FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of the movement of fluid in the inclined grooves and the reverse inclined grooves during forward rotation, as viewed from the axial direction, on the sliding surface of the stationary seal ring in the first embodiment. [Diagram 5] FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of the movement of fluid in the inclined grooves and the reverse inclined grooves during reverse and forward rotation, as viewed from the axial direction, on the sliding surface of the stationary seal ring in the first embodiment. [Figure 6] 10 is an enlarged view of a sliding surface of a stationary seal ring according to a first modified example of the first embodiment, viewed from the axial direction. FIG. [Figure 7] 13 is an enlarged view of a sliding surface of a stationary seal ring according to a second modified example of the first embodiment, as viewed from the axial direction. FIG. [Figure 8] 13 is a view showing a sliding surface of a stationary seal ring according to a third modified example of the first embodiment, as viewed from the axial direction. FIG. [Figure 9] FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a sliding surface of a stationary seal ring according to a second embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from the axial direction. [Figure 10] FIG. 11 is an explanatory view of the movement of fluid in the inclined grooves and the reverse inclined grooves during forward rotation, as viewed from the axial direction, for the sliding surface of the stationary seal ring in the second embodiment. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is an explanatory view of the movement of fluid in the inclined grooves and the reverse inclined grooves during reverse and forward rotation, as viewed from the axial direction, on the sliding surface of the stationary seal ring in the second embodiment. [Figure 12] FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a sliding surface of a stationary seal ring according to a third embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from the axial direction. [Figure 13] FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a sliding surface of a stationary seal ring according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from the axial direction. [Figure 14] FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a sliding surface of a stationary seal ring according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from the axial direction. [Figure 15] FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of a sliding surface of a stationary seal ring according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from the axial direction. [Figure 16] FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of a sliding surface of a stationary seal ring according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from the axial direction. [Figure 17] FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of a sliding surface of a stationary seal ring according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from the axial direction. [Figure 18] FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of a sliding surface of a stationary seal ring according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from the axial direction. [Figure 19] FIG. 23 is an enlarged view of the sliding surface of the stationary seal ring according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from the axial direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0018] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the sliding component according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. EXAMPLES

[0019] A sliding component according to a first embodiment will be described with reference to Figs. 1 to 5. In this embodiment, the sliding component is a mechanical seal. A sealed fluid exists in the outer space of the mechanical seal, and atmosphere exists in the inner space. The outer diameter side of the sliding component constituting the mechanical seal will be described as the sealed fluid side (high pressure side), and the inner diameter side as the leakage side (low pressure side). For ease of explanation, dots may be added to grooves and the like formed on the sliding surface in the drawings.

[0020] 1 is an inside type mechanical seal for automobiles, which seals against a sealed fluid F that is attempting to leak from the outer diameter side to the inner diameter side of a sliding surface, and has an internal space S1 that communicates with the atmosphere A. In this embodiment, an example is shown in which the sealed fluid F is a high-pressure liquid, and the atmosphere A is a gas with a lower pressure than the sealed fluid F.

[0021] The mechanical seal is mainly composed of a rotating seal ring 20 as another sliding part that is mounted on the rotating shaft 1 via a sleeve 2 in a state that it can rotate together with the rotating shaft 1, and a ring-shaped stationary seal ring 10 as a sliding part that is mounted in a non-rotating state and axially movable state on a seal cover 5 fixed to a housing 4 of an attached device, and the static seal ring 10 is biased in the axial direction by an elastic member 7, so that the sliding surface 11 of the stationary seal ring 10 and the sliding surface 21 of the rotating seal ring 20 slide closely against each other. Note that the sliding surface 21 of the rotating seal ring 20 is flat, and this flat surface does not have any recesses such as grooves.

[0022] The stationary seal ring 10 and the rotating seal ring 20 are typically formed by a combination of SiC (hard material) or SiC (hard material) and carbon (soft material), but are not limited to this and any sliding material used as a sliding material for mechanical seals can be used. Examples of SiC include sintered bodies using boron, aluminum, carbon, etc. as sintering aids, as well as materials consisting of two or more phases with different components and compositions, such as SiC with dispersed graphite particles, reaction sintered SiC consisting of SiC and Si, SiC-TiC, SiC-TiN, etc., and examples of carbon include carbonaceous and graphitic mixtures, resin molded carbon, sintered carbon, etc. In addition to the above sliding materials, metal materials, resin materials, surface modification materials (coating materials), composite materials, etc. can also be used.

[0023] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the rotating seal ring 20 slides relative to the stationary seal ring 10 in a counterclockwise direction as indicated by the solid arrow or in a clockwise direction as indicated by the dotted arrow, and the sliding surface 11 of the stationary seal ring 10 has a plurality of dynamic pressure generating grooves 13 evenly arranged in the circumferential direction on the inner diameter side, and a plurality of fluid introduction grooves 16 evenly arranged in the circumferential direction on the outer diameter side.

[0024] In the following description of the embodiment, the counterclockwise rotation direction of the rotary seal ring 20 indicated by the solid arrow is the forward rotation direction, and the clockwise rotation direction of the rotary seal ring 20 indicated by the dotted arrow is the reverse rotation direction.

[0025] Further, the portion of the sliding surface 11 other than the dynamic pressure generating grooves 13 and the fluid introduction grooves 16 is a flat land 12. In detail, the land 12 has a land portion 12a between the dynamic pressure generating grooves 13 adjacent in the circumferential direction, a land portion 12b between the fluid introduction grooves 16 adjacent in the circumferential direction, and a land portion 12c between the dynamic pressure generating grooves 13 and the fluid introduction grooves 16 spaced apart in the radial direction.

[0026] 3, the dynamic pressure generating groove 13 is composed of an inclined groove 14 that extends from the inner diameter side toward the outer diameter side and generates dynamic pressure, and a reverse inclined groove 15 that is formed continuously with the outer diameter side of the inclined groove 14, extends in the opposite direction to the inclined groove 14, and generates dynamic pressure, forming an L shape. Note that extending in the opposite direction to the inclined groove 14 means that, compared to the inclined groove 14 that extends from the inner diameter side toward the outer diameter side while inclining with a component in the forward rotation direction, the reverse inclined groove 15 extends from the inner diameter side toward the outer diameter side while inclining with a component in the reverse rotation direction.

[0027] In detail, the dynamic pressure generating groove 13 has an inner diameter end 13A, i.e., an inner diameter end of the inclined groove 14, which communicates with the inner space S1 and extends in an arc shape from the inner diameter end 13A toward the outer diameter side while inclining in the forward rotation direction of the rotary seal ring 20, and a reverse inclined groove 15 extending in the opposite direction to the inclined groove 14 is continuously formed at the outer diameter side end of the inclined groove 14. The reverse inclined groove 15 extends linearly while inclining in the reverse rotation direction of the rotary seal ring 20 from the inner diameter side end toward the outer diameter side, and the outer diameter side end, i.e., the outer diameter end 13B of the dynamic pressure generating groove 13 is closed so as not to communicate with the outer space S2. The reverse inclined groove 15 is not limited to extending linearly while inclining, and may extend in an arc shape.

[0028] As shown in Figure 3, the inclined groove 14 is composed of a bottom surface 14a that is flat in the extension direction and parallel to the flat surface of the land 12, and side wall portions 14c, 14d that extend vertically from both side edges of the bottom surface 14a toward the flat surface of the land 12.

[0029] The reverse inclined groove 15 is composed of a bottom surface 15a that is flat in the extension direction and parallel to the flat surface of the land 12, a wall portion 15b that extends vertically from the edge of the bottom surface 15a on the outer diameter end 13B side toward the flat surface of the land 12, and side wall portions 15c, 15d that extend vertically from both side edges of the bottom surface 15a toward the flat surface of the land 12.

[0030] Further, the dynamic pressure generating groove 13 is formed with an acute angle portion 13C formed by the side wall portion 14d of the inclined groove 14 and the side wall portion 15d of the reverse inclined groove 15, an acute angle portion 13D formed by the wall portion 15b and the side wall portion 15c of the reverse inclined groove 15, and an obtuse angle portion 13E formed by the wall portion 15b and the side wall portion 15d of the reverse inclined groove 15, and the acute angle portion 13D is located on the outer diameter side of the acute angle portion 13C and downstream in the reverse rotation direction of the rotating seal ring 20. Furthermore, the angle of the acute angle portion 13D is smaller than that of the acute angle portion 13C.

[0031] The extending distance of the reverse inclined groove 15 is shorter than the extending distance of the inclined groove 14. That is, the lengths of the side walls 15c and 15d of the reverse inclined groove 15 are shorter than the lengths of the side walls 14c and 14d of the continuous inclined groove 14, respectively.

[0032] The depth of the reverse inclined groove 15 is the same as the depth of the inclined groove 14. That is, the bottom surface 15a of the reverse inclined groove 15 is disposed in the same plane as the bottom surface 14a of the continuous inclined groove 14, forming a flat surface. Note that the bottom surface 14a of the inclined groove 14 and the bottom surface 15a of the reverse inclined groove 15 are not limited to being flat surfaces, and may have an inclination or unevenness.

[0033] 3, the fluid introduction groove 16 is composed of a liquid guide groove portion 17 that communicates with the outer space S2, and a Rayleigh step 18 as a dynamic pressure generating portion that extends circumferentially concentrically with the stationary seal ring 10 from the inner diameter side of the liquid guide groove portion 17 toward the positive rotation direction of the rotating seal ring 20. The liquid guide groove portion 17 and the Rayleigh step 18 are formed to a depth substantially equal to the depth dimension of the dynamic pressure generating grooves 13. The Rayleigh step 18 is also formed so that its circumferential length is longer than the circumferential length of the liquid guide groove portion 17 and the circumferential length of one dynamic pressure generating groove 13.

[0034] Next, the operation of the stationary seal ring 10 and the rotating seal ring 20 during relative rotation will be described with reference to Figures 4 and 5. In this embodiment, the operation of the rotating seal ring 20 when stopped, when rotating forward, and when rotating reverse will be described in that order.

[0035] First, when the rotating seal ring 20 is not rotating, the sealed fluid F flows into the fluid inlet groove 16. Since the stationary seal ring 10 is biased toward the rotating seal ring 20 by the elastic member 7, the sliding surfaces 11, 21 are in contact with each other, and almost no sealed fluid F leaks out between the sliding surfaces 11, 21 into the internal space S1.

[0036] As shown in Fig. 4, at low speeds immediately after the rotating seal ring 20 starts to rotate relative to the stationary seal ring 10 in the forward rotation direction, the sealed fluid F in the Rayleigh step 18 moves in the forward rotation direction of the rotating seal ring 20 due to shear with the sliding surface 21, and the sealed fluid F in the outer space S2 is drawn into the liquid guide groove portion 17. That is, in the fluid introduction groove 16, the sealed fluid F moves from the liquid guide groove portion 17 toward the end portion 18A of the Rayleigh step 18 on the downstream side in the relative rotation direction, as indicated by arrow H1. Note that the flows of the sealed fluid F and the atmosphere A in Fig. 4 are shown generally without specifying the relative rotational speed of the rotating seal ring 20.

[0037] The pressure of the sealed fluid F that has moved toward the end 18A of the Rayleigh step 18 is increased at and in the vicinity of the end 18A of the Rayleigh step 18. That is, a positive pressure is generated at and in the vicinity of the end 18A of the Rayleigh step 18.

[0038] Since the depth of the Rayleigh step 18 is shallow, a positive pressure is generated at the end 18A of the Rayleigh step 18 and in its vicinity even if the rotation speed of the rotating seal ring 20 is low and the amount of movement of the sealed fluid F is small.

[0039] In addition, the sliding surfaces 11, 21 are slightly separated from each other by the force of the positive pressure generated at and near the end 18A of the Rayleigh step 18. As a result, the sealed fluid F in the fluid introduction groove 16, as indicated by the arrow H2, mainly flows between the sliding surfaces 11, 21. The presence of the sealed fluid F between the sliding surfaces 11, 21 in this manner improves lubrication even during low-speed rotation, and the wear between the sliding surfaces 11, 21 can be suppressed. Since the floating distance between the sliding surfaces 11, 21 is small, the amount of the sealed fluid F that leaks into the internal space S1 is small. In addition, since the liquid guide groove portion 17 is provided, a large amount of the sealed fluid F can be retained, and poor lubrication between the sliding surfaces 11, 21 during low-speed rotation can be avoided.

[0040] On the other hand, in the dynamic pressure generating groove 13, when the relative rotation speed between the rotating seal ring 20 and the stationary seal ring 10 is low, the atmosphere A does not become sufficiently dense in the dynamic pressure generating groove 13 and high positive pressure is not generated, and the force due to the positive pressure generated by the dynamic pressure generating groove 13 is relatively smaller than the force due to the positive pressure generated at and near the end 18A of the Rayleigh step 18. Therefore, when the rotating seal ring 20 is rotating at a low speed, the force due to the positive pressure generated at and near the end 18A of the Rayleigh step 18 mainly separates the sliding surfaces 11, 21.

[0041] 4, when the relative rotational speed of the rotating seal ring 20 increases, the air A in the dynamic pressure generating groove 13 moves in the forward rotation direction of the rotating seal ring 20 due to shear with the sliding surface 21, and the air A in the inner space S1 is drawn into the dynamic pressure generating groove 13. That is, within the dynamic pressure generating groove 13, a large amount of air A moves from the inner diameter end 13A toward the outer diameter side end of the inclined groove 14, as shown by arrow L1.

[0042] The pressure of the atmosphere A that moves toward the end of the inclined groove 14 on the outer diameter side is increased at the acute angle portion 13C and its vicinity. That is, a positive pressure is generated at the acute angle portion 13C and its vicinity.

[0043] In this way, the force due to the positive pressure generated at and near the end 18A of the Rayleigh step 18 is added to the force due to the positive pressure generated at and near the acute angle portion 13C, causing the sliding surfaces 11, 21 to be spaced apart further than at low speed. As a result, air A mainly flows into the space between the sliding surfaces 11, 21 from within the dynamic pressure generating groove 13, as indicated by the arrow L2.

[0044] The atmosphere A in the dynamic pressure generating groove 13 indicated by the arrow L2 acts to push the sealed fluid F near the acute angle portion 13C of the dynamic pressure generating groove 13 back toward the outer space S2, so that little of the sealed fluid F leaks into the dynamic pressure generating groove 13 or the inner space S1.

[0045] The sliding parts of this embodiment are designed so that, during high speed forward rotation, the positive pressure generating capacity of the inclined grooves 14 as a whole is sufficiently greater than the positive pressure generating capacity of the reverse inclined grooves 15 as a whole and the positive pressure generating capacity of the Rayleigh steps 18 as a whole, so that ultimately, only the atmosphere A exists between the sliding surfaces 11, 21, i.e., gas lubrication is achieved.

[0046] Next, the reverse rotation of the rotating seal ring 20 will be described with reference to Fig. 5. As shown in Fig. 5, when the rotating seal ring 20 rotates in the reverse rotation direction relative to the stationary seal ring 10, the sealed fluid F in the Rayleigh step 18 moves in the reverse rotation direction of the rotating seal ring 20 due to shear with the sliding surface 21, and enters the liquid guide groove portion 17 on the downstream side in the relative rotation direction, and a part of the sealed fluid F in the liquid guide groove portion 17 flows out to the outer space S2. Note that the flows of the sealed fluid F and the atmosphere A in Fig. 5 are shown simply and diagrammatically, without specifying the relative rotation speed of the rotating seal ring 20.

[0047] At this time, the sealed fluid F present in the land portion 12b between adjacent fluid introduction grooves 16 and in the land portion 12c between the dynamic pressure generating grooves 13 and the fluid introduction groove 16 spaced radially apart from each other is sucked into the fluid introduction groove 16 as shown by the arrow H2' due to the negative pressure generated at and near the end 18A of the Rayleigh step 18, and this tendency is particularly noticeable near the end 18A.

[0048] In this manner, when the rotating seal ring 20 rotates counterclockwise relative to the stationary seal ring 10, a large amount of the sealed fluid F sucked into the fluid introduction groove 16 is retained in the liquid guide groove portion 17, thereby preventing poor lubrication between the sliding surfaces 11, 21.

[0049] 5, the sealed fluid F that has entered the reverse inclined groove 15 formed on the outer diameter side of the dynamic pressure generating groove 13 moves in the reverse rotation direction of the rotating seal ring 20 due to shear with the sliding surface 21. That is, in the dynamic pressure generating groove 13, the sealed fluid F moves in the reverse inclined groove 15 toward the acute angle portion 13D as shown by the arrow H3'.

[0050] The pressure of the sealed fluid F moving toward the acute angle portion 13D is increased at the acute angle portion 13D and its vicinity, that is, a positive pressure is generated at the acute angle portion 13D and its vicinity.

[0051] In addition, the force of the positive pressure generated at and near the acute angle portion 13D slightly separates the sliding surfaces 11, 21. As a result, the sealed fluid F in the reverse inclined groove 15, as indicated by the arrow H4', flows between the sliding surfaces 11, 21.

[0052] The sealed fluid F flowing out from the acute angle portion 13D indicated by the arrow H4' acts to push back the sealed fluid F near the acute angle portion 13D of the dynamic pressure generating groove 13 toward the outer space S2, so that little of the sealed fluid F leaks into the dynamic pressure generating groove 13 or the inner space S1.

[0053] At this time, the sealed fluid F present around the acute angle portion 13C is sucked into the reverse inclined groove 15 as shown by the arrow H5' by the negative pressure generated at and near the acute angle portion 13C. The sealed fluid F sucked into the reverse inclined groove 15 is returned to between the sliding surfaces 11 and 21 from the acute angle portion 13D.

[0054] Since the inner diameter end 13A of the inclined groove 14 is open to the inner space S1, the negative pressure generated in the inclined groove 14 during reverse rotation of the rotary seal ring 20 is small. Furthermore, since the inclined groove 14 and the reverse inclined groove 15 are continuous grooves, during reverse rotation of the rotary seal ring 20, the sealed fluid F that has entered the dynamic pressure generating groove 13 is returned between the sliding surfaces 11, 21 from the acute angle portion 13D toward the outer diameter side by the flow of the sealed fluid F in the reverse inclined groove 15, so that the amount of the sealed fluid F leaking through the inclined groove 14 into the inner space S1 can be reduced.

[0055] As described above, when the rotating seal ring 20 starts to rotate relative to the stationary seal ring 10, the sliding surfaces 11, 21 are lubricated by the sealed fluid F flowing out from the fluid introduction groove 16 to between the sliding surfaces 11, 21, and during high-speed rotation, the sliding surfaces 11, 21 are separated from each other by the positive pressure generated by the atmosphere A in the dynamic pressure generating groove 13, and wear between the sliding surfaces 11, 21 can be suppressed from the start of the relative rotation throughout the high-speed rotation.

[0056] During forward rotation of the rotary seal ring 20, the sealed fluid F that has flowed from the outer space S2 into between the sliding surfaces 11, 21 is sucked in by the positive pressure generated mainly in the inclined groove 14 of the dynamic pressure generating groove 13 and pushed back toward the outer space S2, thereby suppressing leakage of the sealed fluid F from between the sliding surfaces 11, 21 into the inner space S1. On the other hand, during reverse rotation of the rotary seal ring 20, the sealed fluid F that has entered into the reverse inclined groove 15 on the outer diameter side of the inclined groove 14 follows and moves due to shear with the sliding surface 21 of the rotary seal ring 20, and is returned to between the sliding surfaces 11, 21 from the end of the reverse inclined groove 15 on the sealed fluid F side, i.e., the acute angle portion 13D, toward the outer diameter side, thereby reducing leakage of the sealed fluid F into the inner space S1. In this way, the dynamic pressure generating groove 13 has the inclined groove 14 and the reverse inclined groove 15 which have different rotational directions for generating the main dynamic pressure, so that the sliding surfaces 11, 21 can be separated from each other during both rotations to suppress wear, and leakage of the sealed fluid F from between the sliding surfaces 11, 21 into the internal space S1 can be suppressed.

[0057] In addition, since the dynamic pressure generating groove 13 is formed in an L-shape by the inclined groove 14 and the reverse inclined groove 15, during forward rotation, the sealed fluid F sucked into the reverse inclined groove 15 from the acute angle portion 13D together with the air A sucked into the inclined groove 14 from the inner diameter end 13A can be collected at the acute angle portion 13C to generate positive pressure. During reverse rotation, the sealed fluid F can be pushed back to the outer space S2 by the dynamic pressure generated in the reverse inclined groove 15, so that the intrusion of the sealed fluid F into the inclined groove 14 can be suppressed and the leakage of the sealed fluid F into the inner space S1 through the inclined groove 14 can be suppressed.

[0058] Moreover, the inclined groove 14 communicates with the internal space S1. With this, during forward rotation, the atmosphere A in the internal space S1 is easily introduced into the inclined groove 14 from the inner diameter end 13A, and the atmosphere A easily generates a positive pressure in the inclined groove 14, thereby enhancing the dynamic pressure effect.

[0059] Furthermore, the reverse inclined grooves 15 have a shorter extension distance than the inclined grooves 14. This allows the reverse inclined grooves 15 to generate positive pressure early during reverse rotation.

[0060] Moreover, the reverse inclined groove 15 is a groove having an acute angle portion 13D tapered toward the outer diameter side end portion. According to this, during reverse rotation, the sealed fluid F in the reverse inclined groove 15 is concentrated at the acute angle portion 13D to easily generate positive pressure, thereby enhancing the dynamic pressure effect.

[0061] Moreover, the fluid introduction groove 16 is provided with a Rayleigh step 18 as a dynamic pressure generating section. With this, during forward rotation, the Rayleigh step 18 generates dynamic pressure to slightly separate the sliding surfaces 11, 21, and allows the sealed fluid F to be introduced between the sliding surfaces 11, 21, thereby improving the lubrication between the sliding surfaces 11, 21. Furthermore, since the liquid guide groove section 17 of the fluid introduction groove 16 is in communication with the external space S2, it is easy to introduce the sealed fluid F into the liquid guide groove section 17, and positive pressure can be generated by the Rayleigh step 18 at an early stage.

[0062] In addition, during reverse rotation, the Rayleigh step 18 can suck in the sealed fluid F around the end 18A by negative pressure and introduce it into the liquid guide groove portion 17, thereby suppressing leakage of the sealed fluid F into the internal space S1.

[0063] 6 as a first modified example of the stationary seal ring 10, a stationary seal ring 110 as a sliding part has a sliding surface 111 in which a dynamic pressure generating groove 113 having an outer diameter end 113B extending to a land portion 112b between adjacent fluid introduction grooves 16 in the circumferential direction is configured with an inclined groove 114 that extends from the inner diameter side toward the outer diameter side and generates dynamic pressure, and a reverse inclined groove 115 that is formed continuously with the outer diameter side of the inclined groove 114, extends in the opposite direction to the inclined groove 114, and generates dynamic pressure. Also, the inclined groove 113', whose outer diameter end 113B' is disposed on the inner diameter side of the fluid introduction groove 16, extends from the inner diameter side toward the outer diameter side and generates dynamic pressure.

[0064] According to this, compared to the stationary seal ring 10 of the first embodiment, no reverse inclined grooves are formed for the inclined grooves 113' located on the inner diameter side of the fluid introduction groove 16 where leakage of the sealed fluid F is less, and for the dynamic pressure generating grooves 113, the reverse inclined grooves 115 are extended to the land portions 112b between the fluid introduction grooves 16 adjacent in the circumferential direction, thereby making it possible to form long extension distances for the inclined grooves 114 and the inclined grooves 113' in all of the dynamic pressure generating grooves 113 and to increase the dynamic pressure effect due to the atmosphere A during forward rotation.

[0065] 7, a static seal ring 210 serving as a sliding component may be used, which has a sliding surface 211 in which the same dynamic pressure generating groove 13 as in the first embodiment is disposed on the inner diameter side of the fluid introduction groove 16, and a dynamic pressure generating groove 113 as in the first modification is disposed between the fluid introduction grooves 16 whose outer diameter ends are adjacent in the circumferential direction. This can increase the dynamic pressure effect of the atmosphere A during forward rotation.

[0066] As a third modification of the stationary seal ring 10, a stationary seal ring 310 as a sliding part shown in Fig. 8 may have a plurality of fluid introduction grooves 316 evenly arranged in the circumferential direction on the inner diameter side of a sliding surface 311, and a plurality of dynamic pressure generating grooves 313 evenly arranged in the circumferential direction on the outer diameter side, so that the stationary seal ring 10 can be applied to an outside-type mechanical seal that seals the sealed fluid F that tends to leak from the inner diameter side to the outer diameter side of the sliding surface 311. The dynamic pressure generating grooves 313 and the fluid introduction grooves 316 are formed by reversing the dynamic pressure generating grooves 13 and the fluid introduction grooves 16 in the first embodiment. The first and second modifications described above may also be applied to an outside-type mechanical seal by reversing the dynamic pressure generating grooves and the fluid introduction grooves as in the third modification.

[0067] The configurations of the dynamic pressure generating grooves and the fluid introduction grooves in Modifications 1 to 3 can also be applied to the sliding surfaces of the sliding components in each of the following embodiments. EXAMPLES

[0068] Next, a sliding component according to a second embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 9 to Fig. 11. Note that a description of the same configuration as in the first embodiment will be omitted.

[0069] 9, the dynamic pressure generating groove 413 in the stationary seal ring 410 of the second embodiment is composed of an inclined groove 414 that extends from the inner diameter side toward the outer diameter side and generates dynamic pressure, and a reverse inclined groove 415 that is spaced apart radially on the outer diameter side of the inclined groove 414, extends in the opposite direction to the inclined groove 414, and generates dynamic pressure. That is, the dynamic pressure generating groove 413 is configured such that the inclined groove 414 and the reverse inclined groove 415 are separated radially by annular land portion 412d, which will be described later.

[0070] In detail, the inclined groove 414 has an inner diameter end 414A that communicates with the inner space S1 and extends in an arc shape from the inner diameter end 414A toward the outer diameter side while inclining in the forward rotation direction of the rotating seal ring 20, and the straight outer diameter end 414B of the inclined groove 414 is closed so as to be non-communicating with the reverse inclined groove 415.

[0071] The reverse inclined groove 415 has an approximate parallelogram shape and extends linearly from the inner diameter end 415A toward the outer diameter side while inclining in the reverse rotation direction of the rotating seal ring 20, and the outer diameter end 415B is closed so as to be non-communicative with the outer space S2.

[0072] In addition, an annular land portion 412d that is continuous in the circumferential direction and has a predetermined or greater width in the radial direction is formed between the inclined groove 414 and the inversely inclined groove 415. The annular land portion 412d is also disposed on the same plane as the other land portions and constitutes the flat surface of the land 412.

[0073] Further, the inclined groove 414 is formed with an acute angle 414C formed by the wall portion 414b and the side wall portion 414d at the outer diameter end 414B, and an obtuse angle 414D formed by the wall portion 414b and the side wall portion 414c.

[0074] In addition, the reverse inclined groove 415 has an acute angle 415C formed by the wall portion 415b and the side wall portion 415d at the inner diameter end 415A, and an acute angle 415D formed by the wall portion 415e and the side wall portion 415c at the straight outer diameter end 415B, and the acute angle portion 415D is located on the outer diameter side of the acute angle portion 415C and downstream in the reverse rotation direction of the rotating seal ring 20.

[0075] The extension distance of the reverse inclination groove 415 is shorter than the extension distance of the inclination groove 414. The depth of the reverse inclination groove 415 is the same as the depth of the inclination groove 414. Note that the reverse inclination groove 415 may be formed to a different depth from the inclination groove 414.

[0076] Further, outer diameter end 414B and inner diameter end 415A are arranged in a position where they are substantially parallel and substantially the same length and overlap in the radial direction. From the viewpoint of preventing leakage, it is preferable that inner diameter end 415A is arranged in a position where it is longer than outer diameter end 414B and overlaps in the radial direction.

[0077] Next, the operation of the stationary seal ring 410 and the rotating seal ring 20 during relative rotation will be described with reference to Figures 10 and 11. Note that since the movement of the fluid in the fluid introduction groove 16 is substantially the same as in the first embodiment, the movement of the fluid in the inclined grooves 414 and the reverse inclined grooves 415 constituting the dynamic pressure generating grooves 413 will be mainly described in this embodiment.

[0078] In the dynamic pressure generating groove 413, when the relative rotation speed in the forward rotation direction between the rotating seal ring 20 and the stationary seal ring 410 is low, the atmosphere A does not become sufficiently dense in the inclined groove 414 and high positive pressure is not generated. Also, since the extending distance of the reverse inclined groove 415 is short, high positive pressure is not generated even if the sealed fluid F penetrates into the reverse inclined groove 415.

[0079] 10, when the relative rotation speed of the rotating seal ring 20 increases, the atmosphere A in the inclined groove 414 moves in the forward rotation direction of the rotating seal ring 20 due to shear with the sliding surface 21, and the atmosphere A in the inner space S1 is drawn into the inclined groove 414. That is, in the inclined groove 414, a large amount of atmosphere A moves from the inner diameter end 414A of the inclined groove 414 toward the outer diameter end 414B, as shown by arrow L1.

[0080] The pressure of the atmosphere A moving toward the outer diameter end 414B of the inclined groove 414 is increased at the acute angle portion 414C and its vicinity. That is, a positive pressure is generated at the acute angle portion 414C and its vicinity.

[0081] Furthermore, the atmosphere A in the inclined groove 414 indicated by the arrow L2 acts to push back the sealed fluid F near the acute angle portion 414C toward the outer space S2, so that little of the sealed fluid F leaks into the inclined groove 414 or the inner space S1.

[0082] On the other hand, in the reverse inclined groove 415, the sealed fluid F that has entered the reverse inclined groove 415 moves in the forward rotation direction of the rotating seal ring 20 due to shear with the sliding surface 21, and the sealed fluid F in the vicinity of the acute angle portion 415D is drawn into the reverse inclined groove 415. That is, in the reverse inclined groove 415, the sealed fluid F moves from the acute angle portion 415D of the reverse inclined groove 415 toward the acute angle portion 415C as shown by the arrow H5, and the pressure is increased at and in the vicinity of the acute angle portion 415C. That is, a positive pressure is generated at and in the vicinity of the acute angle portion 415C.

[0083] Further, the sealed fluid F in the inclined groove 415 indicated by the arrow H6 is pushed back into the outer space S2 by the atmosphere A in the inclined groove 414 indicated by the arrow L2 together with the sealed fluid F in the vicinity of the acute angle portion 415C.

[0084] Next, the reverse rotation of the rotary seal ring 20 will be described with reference to Fig. 11. As shown in Fig. 11, the sealed fluid F that has entered the reverse inclined groove 415 formed on the outer diameter side of the inclined groove 414 moves in the reverse rotation direction of the rotary seal ring 20 due to shearing with the sliding surface 21, and the sealed fluid F in the vicinity of the acute angle portion 415C is drawn into the reverse inclined groove 415. That is, in the reverse inclined groove 415, the sealed fluid F moves from the acute angle portion 415C of the reverse inclined groove 415 toward the acute angle portion 415D as shown by the arrow H3', and the pressure is increased at the acute angle portion 415D and its vicinity. That is, a positive pressure is generated at the acute angle portion 415D and its vicinity.

[0085] The sealed fluid F in the reverse inclined groove 415 indicated by the arrow H4' acts to push the sealed fluid F near the acute angle portion 415D of the reverse inclined groove 415 back toward the outer space S2, so that little of the sealed fluid F leaks into the inclined groove 414 or the inner space S1.

[0086] At this time, the sealed fluid F present around the acute angle portion 415C is sucked into the reverse inclined groove 415 as shown by the arrow H5' by the negative pressure generated at and near the acute angle portion 415C. The sealed fluid F sucked into the reverse inclined groove 415 is returned between the sliding surfaces 411, 21 from the acute angle portion 415D toward the outer diameter side.

[0087] As described above, during forward rotation of the rotary seal ring 20, the sealed fluid F that has flowed from the outer space S2 between the sliding surfaces 411, 21 is sucked in and pushed back toward the outer space S2 by the positive pressures generated in the inclined groove 414 and the reverse inclined groove 415 of the dynamic pressure generating groove 413, thereby suppressing leakage of the sealed fluid F from between the sliding surfaces 411, 21 into the inner space S1. On the other hand, during reverse rotation of the rotary seal ring 20, the sealed fluid F that has entered the reverse inclined groove 415 on the outer diameter side of the inclined groove 414 follows and moves due to shear with the sliding surface 21 of the rotary seal ring 20, and is returned to between the sliding surfaces 411, 21 from the end of the reverse inclined groove 415 on the sealed fluid F side, i.e., the acute angle portion 415D, toward the outer diameter side, thereby reducing leakage of the sealed fluid F into the inner space S1. In this way, the dynamic pressure generating groove 413 has the inclined groove 414 and the reverse inclined groove 415 which have different rotational directions for generating the main dynamic pressure, so that the sliding surfaces 411, 21 can be separated from each other during both rotations, thereby suppressing wear, and also suppressing leakage of the sealed fluid F from between the sliding surfaces 411, 21 into the internal space S1.

[0088] In addition, an annular land portion 412d that is circumferentially continuous and has a radial width of a predetermined value or more is formed between the inclined groove 414 and the reverse inclined groove 415. Since the inclined groove 414 and the reverse inclined groove 415 are separated by this annular land portion 412d, during reverse rotation of the rotating seal ring 20, the sealed fluid F is sucked into the reverse inclined groove 415 from the acute angle portion 415C on the outer diameter side of the annular land portion 412d and captured. This prevents the sealed fluid F from passing over the annular land portion 412d and entering the inclined groove 414, and further reduces the amount of sealed fluid F leaking into the internal space S1 through the inclined groove 414.

[0089] In addition, since the inclined groove 414 and the reverse inclined groove 415 are separated by the annular land portion 412d, the inclined groove 414 and the reverse inclined groove 415 do not interfere with each other's dynamic pressure generation during both rotations, making it easier to exert the dynamic pressure effect.

[0090] In addition, the radial center of the annular land portion 412d separating the inclined groove 414 and the reverse inclined groove 415 is disposed closer to the sealed fluid F side than the radial center of the sliding surface 411. This ensures a long extension distance of the inclined groove 414, and the inclined groove 414 becomes a more major source of dynamic pressure than the reverse inclined groove 415 during forward rotation, thereby further suppressing leakage of the sealed fluid F into the internal space S1. EXAMPLES

[0091] Next, a sliding component according to a third embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 12. Note that a description of the same configuration as in the first and second embodiments will be omitted.

[0092] As shown in FIG. 12 , the fluid introduction groove 516 in the stationary seal ring 510 of this embodiment 3 is composed of a liquid guide groove portion 517 that communicates with the outer space S2, and Rayleigh steps 518, 518' as dynamic pressure generating portions that extend circumferentially concentrically with the stationary seal ring 510 from the inner diameter side of the liquid guide groove portion 517 toward the forward rotation direction and reverse rotation direction of the rotating seal ring 20, respectively.

[0093] According to this, during forward rotation of the rotating seal ring 20, the sealed fluid F in the fluid introduction groove 516 moves in the forward rotation direction of the rotating seal ring 20 due to shear with the sliding surface 21, moving from the liquid guide groove portion 517 to the Rayleigh step 518 side, and the sealed fluid F in the outer space S2 is drawn into the liquid guide groove portion 517. Also during reverse rotation, the sealed fluid F in the fluid introduction groove 516 moves in the reverse rotation direction of the rotating seal ring 20 due to shear with the sliding surface 21, moving from the liquid guide groove portion 517 to the Rayleigh step 518' side, and the sealed fluid F in the outer space S2 is drawn into the liquid guide groove portion 517.

[0094] In this way, during both rotations, the fluid introduction groove 516 generates dynamic pressure through the Rayleigh steps 518, 518', slightly separating the sliding surfaces 511, 21 and supplying the sealed fluid F between the sliding surfaces 511, 21, thereby increasing the lubrication between the sliding surfaces 511, 21. EXAMPLES

[0095] Next, a sliding component according to a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 13. Note that descriptions of configurations that are the same as those in the first to third embodiments will be omitted.

[0096] 13, the fluid introduction groove 616 in the stationary seal ring 610 of the fourth embodiment has the same configuration as the fluid introduction groove 516 of the third embodiment. In addition, the dynamic pressure generating groove 613 has the same configuration as the dynamic pressure generating groove 413 of the second embodiment.

[0097] According to this, the fluid introduction groove 616 slightly separates the sliding surfaces 611, 21 during both rotations and introduces the sealed fluid F between the sliding surfaces 611, 21, thereby further suppressing wear between the sliding surfaces 611, 21, and also suppressing leakage of the sealed fluid F by the inclined grooves 614 and the reverse inclined grooves 615 which are radially separated in the dynamic pressure generating groove 613. EXAMPLES

[0098] Next, a sliding component according to a fifth embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 14. Note that a description of the same configuration as in the first to fourth embodiments will be omitted.

[0099] As shown in FIG. 14, the fluid introduction groove 716 in the stationary seal ring 710 of the fifth embodiment is configured as a groove having a substantially arch-like shape obtained by cutting out a part of a circle that communicates with the outer space S2.

[0100] According to this, since the fluid introduction groove 716 is a groove consisting of part of a circle communicating with the outer space S2, the sealed fluid F is easily introduced into the fluid introduction groove 716 regardless of the rotation direction of the rotating seal ring 20. EXAMPLES

[0101] Next, a sliding component according to a sixth embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 15. Note that descriptions of configurations that are the same as those in the first to fifth embodiments will be omitted.

[0102] As shown in FIG. 15, the fluid introduction groove 816 in the stationary seal ring 810 of the sixth embodiment is configured as a substantially rectangular groove that communicates with the outer space S2.

[0103] According to this, since the fluid introduction groove 816 is a groove having a substantially rectangular shape, it can be easily formed and processed, and a large amount of the sealed fluid F can be held within the fluid introduction groove 816 . EXAMPLES

[0104] Next, a sliding component according to Example 7 will be described with reference to Fig. 16. Note that descriptions of configurations that are the same as those in Examples 1 to 6 will be omitted.

[0105] As shown in FIG. 16, the fluid introduction groove 916 in the stationary seal ring 910 of the seventh embodiment is configured as a groove having a substantially trapezoidal shape that communicates with the outer space S2.

[0106] In detail, the fluid introduction groove 916 has a side wall portion 916a on the downstream side in the forward rotation direction of the rotating seal ring 20 that extends linearly while inclining in the reverse rotation direction from the outer diameter side toward the inner diameter side, and a side wall portion 916b on the upstream side in the forward rotation direction of the rotating seal ring 20 that extends linearly along a radial line from the outer diameter side toward the inner diameter side. Also, the fluid introduction groove 916 has an acute angle portion 916A formed by the wall portion 916c and the side wall portion 916b at the inner diameter end that is disposed circumferentially close to the acute angle portion 913C of the dynamic pressure generating groove 913 on the downstream side in the reverse rotation direction.

[0107] According to this, since the side wall portion 916a of the fluid introduction groove 916 is inclined along the circumferential direction, the sealed fluid F is easily introduced into the fluid introduction groove 916 when the relative rotation between the stationary seal ring 910 and the rotating seal ring 20 begins during forward rotation of the rotating seal ring 20.

[0108] Furthermore, since the acute angle portion 916A of the fluid introduction groove 916 is circumferentially adjacent to the acute angle portion 913C of the dynamic pressure generating groove 913, during reverse rotation of the rotating seal ring 20, the sealed fluid F that leaks out in a concentrated manner from the acute angle portion 916A of the fluid introduction groove 916 can be sucked in and recovered by the negative pressure generated at and in the vicinity of the acute angle portion 913C of the dynamic pressure generating groove 913, thereby further suppressing leakage of the sealed fluid F into the internal space S1. EXAMPLES

[0109] Next, a sliding component according to an eighth embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 17. Note that descriptions of configurations that are the same as those in the first to seventh embodiments will be omitted.

[0110] As shown in FIG. 17, the fluid introduction groove 1016 in the stationary seal ring 1010 of the eighth embodiment is formed of a rectangular groove that communicates with the outer space S2.

[0111] More specifically, the fluid introduction groove 1016 extends linearly while inclining in the reverse rotation direction from the outer diameter side toward the inner diameter side, with a side wall portion 1016a downstream in the forward rotation direction of the rotating seal ring 20 and a side wall portion 1016b upstream in the forward rotation direction. Also, the fluid introduction groove 1016 has an acute angle portion 1016A formed by the wall portion 1016c and the side wall portion 1016b at the inner diameter end, which is disposed circumferentially close to the acute angle portion 1013C of the dynamic pressure generating groove 1013 downstream in the reverse rotation direction.

[0112] According to this, since the side wall portions 1016a, 1016b of the fluid introduction groove 1016 are each inclined along the circumferential direction, the sealed fluid F is more easily introduced into the fluid introduction groove 1016 when the relative rotation between the stationary seal ring 1010 and the rotating seal ring 20 begins during forward rotation of the rotating seal ring 20.

[0113] Furthermore, since the angle of the acute angle portion 1016A of the fluid introduction groove 1016 is smaller than that of the seventh embodiment and is circumferentially closer to the acute angle portion 1013C of the dynamic pressure generating groove 1013, during reverse rotation of the rotating seal ring 20, the sealed fluid F is likely to concentrate at the acute angle portion 1016A. The sealed fluid F that concentrates and leaks out from the acute angle portion 1016A of the fluid introduction groove 1016 can be sucked in and recovered by the negative pressure generated at and in the vicinity of the acute angle portion 1013C of the dynamic pressure generating groove 1013, thereby further suppressing leakage of the sealed fluid F into the internal space S1. EXAMPLES

[0114] Next, a sliding component according to a ninth embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 18. Note that a description of the same configuration as in the first to eighth embodiments will be omitted.

[0115] 18, the fluid introduction groove 1116 in the stationary seal ring 1110 of the ninth embodiment is composed of a liquid guide groove portion 1117 that communicates with the outer space S2, and a Rayleigh step 1118 as a dynamic pressure generating portion that extends circumferentially concentrically with the stationary seal ring 1110 from the outer diameter side of the liquid guide groove portion 1117 toward the positive rotation direction of the rotating seal ring 20. The liquid guide groove portion 1117 has approximately the same shape as the fluid introduction groove 1016 of the eighth embodiment.

[0116] According to this, the fluid introduction groove 1116 is equipped with a Rayleigh step 1118 as a dynamic pressure generating section, so that during forward rotation, the Rayleigh step 1118 generates dynamic pressure to slightly separate the sliding surfaces 1111, 21 and supply the sealed fluid F between the sliding surfaces 1111, 21, thereby increasing the lubrication between the sliding surfaces 1111, 21. EXAMPLES

[0117] Next, a sliding component according to a tenth embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 19. Note that a description of the same configuration as in the first to ninth embodiments will be omitted.

[0118] 19, the fluid introduction groove 1216 in the stationary seal ring 1210 of the tenth embodiment is composed of a liquid guide groove portion 1217 that communicates with the outer space S2, and Rayleigh steps 1218, 1218' as dynamic pressure generating portions that extend circumferentially concentrically with the stationary seal ring 1210 from the inner diameter side of the liquid guide groove portion 1217 toward the forward rotation direction and reverse rotation direction of the rotating seal ring 20, respectively. The liquid guide groove portion 1217 has approximately the same shape as the fluid introduction groove 1016 of the eighth embodiment.

[0119] According to this, during both rotations, dynamic pressure is generated by the Rayleigh steps 1218, 1218' to slightly separate the sliding surfaces 1211, 21 and supply the sealed fluid F between the sliding surfaces 1211, 21, thereby increasing the lubrication between the sliding surfaces 1211, 21.

[0120] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to these embodiments, and the present invention also includes modifications and additions that do not deviate from the gist of the present invention.

[0121] For example, in the above embodiment, a mechanical seal for an automobile is used as an example of the sliding part, but the sliding part may be another mechanical seal for general industrial machines, etc. Also, the sliding part is not limited to a mechanical seal, and may be a sliding bearing or other sliding part other than a mechanical seal.

[0122] In the above embodiment, the dynamic pressure generating grooves and the fluid introduction grooves are provided in the stationary seal ring. However, the dynamic pressure generating grooves and the fluid introduction grooves may be provided in the rotary seal ring.

[0123] In addition, although the sealed fluid side has been described as the high pressure side and the leakage side as the low pressure side, the sealed fluid side may be the low pressure side and the leakage side may be the high pressure side, or the sealed fluid side and the leakage side may be at approximately the same pressure.

[0124] Also, although it has been described that the inclined grooves in the dynamic pressure generating grooves communicate with the internal space S1, the present invention is not limited to this and does not necessarily have to communicate with the internal space S1 as long as dynamic pressure can be generated.

[0125] Furthermore, the dynamic pressure generating groove is not limited to a groove in which the inverted groove is continuously formed at the outer diameter side end of the inclined groove, but may be a groove in which the inverted groove branches out from approximately the center in the extension direction of the inclined groove.

[0126] Furthermore, the dynamic pressure generating groove may be such that a plurality of reverse inclined grooves are arranged for one inclined groove.

[0127] Further, the inclined groove is not limited to extending in an arc shape while inclining in the circumferential direction, and may be formed in a straight line to simplify the shape.

[0128] Also, although the dynamic pressure generating grooves and the fluid introduction grooves have been described as being approximately the same depth, the fluid introduction grooves may be deeper than the dynamic pressure generating grooves.

[0129] In the present embodiment, the sealed fluid F is described as a high-pressure liquid, but it is not limited thereto and may be a gas or a low-pressure liquid, or may be a mist of a mixture of liquid and gas.

[0130] In addition, in this embodiment, the fluid on the leaking side is described as atmosphere A, which is a low-pressure gas, but it is not limited to this and may be a liquid or a high-pressure gas, or may be a mist-like mixture of liquid and gas. [Explanation of symbols]

[0131] 10. Static seal ring (sliding part) 11 Sliding surface 12 Rand 12a~12c Land section 13 Dynamic pressure generating groove 13C, 13D Sharp angle 14 Slant groove 15 Reverse slope groove 16 Fluid introduction groove 17 Liquid guide groove 18 Rayleigh step (dynamic pressure generating part) 20 Rotating seal ring (other sliding parts) 21 Sliding surface 410 Static seal ring (sliding part) 411 Sliding surface 412d Circular land section 413 Dynamic pressure generating groove 414 Slant groove 414C Sharp angle 415 Reverse slope groove 415C, 415D Sharp corners A. Atmosphere F Sealed fluid S1 inner space S2 outside space

Claims

1. An annular sliding component is disposed at a relative rotating portion of a rotary machine, slides relative to another sliding component, and has a plurality of fluid introduction grooves on a sliding surface which communicate with a space on a sealed fluid side and introduce the sealed fluid, and a plurality of inclined grooves which extend from a leakage side to the sealed fluid side and generate dynamic pressure, The sliding surface of the sliding component is provided with a reverse inclined groove which is provided on the sealed fluid side of the inclined groove, extends in a direction opposite to the inclined groove, and generates dynamic pressure.

2. The sliding component according to claim 1 , wherein the inclined groove communicates with the leakage side space.

3. 3. The sliding component according to claim 1, wherein the inclined groove and the inversely inclined groove are continuous grooves.

4. 3. The sliding component according to claim 1, wherein an annular land portion is provided between the inclined groove and the reverse inclined groove, the annular land portion being continuous in a circumferential direction on the sealed fluid side of the inclined groove and having a radial width of a predetermined value or more.

5. 5. The sliding component according to claim 4, wherein a radial center of the annular land portion is disposed closer to the sealed fluid side than a radial center of the sliding surface.

6. 6. The sliding component according to claim 1, wherein the reverse inclination groove has an extension distance shorter than that of the inclination groove.

7. 7. The sliding component according to claim 1, wherein the reverse inclined groove is a groove whose end on the sealed fluid side is tapered.

8. 8. The sliding component according to claim 1, wherein the fluid introduction groove is provided with a dynamic pressure generating portion.

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