Method for pulling out dog spike and tooth for pulling out dog nail

Abstract

To provide a method for pulling out a dog spike and a tooth for pulling out the dog spike capable of reducing a burden on a worker and efficiently pulling out the dog spike from a sleeper.SOLUTION: In a method for pulling out a dog spike 20 driven into a sleeper 30, a tooth of a bucket 41 of a hydraulic shovel is hooked on the head of the dog spike 20, and the dog spike 20 is pulled out by raising the bucket 41 so as to float the tooth while pressing a bottom surface of the bucket 41 against the sleeper 30 so that the principle of leverage works.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 8

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a nail pulling method and nail pulling teeth. [Background technology]

[0002] Wooden sleepers are widely used on existing tracks. Metal spikes are widely used to fasten rails to sleepers. When removing existing tracks, it is necessary to separate and collect the spikes from the sleepers in addition to removing the rails and sleepers, from the perspective of separate collection.

[0003] For example, if there are about 60 sleepers installed on a 50m long track, and 4 to 8 spikes are driven into each sleeper, the number of spikes to be separated and collected will be quite large, about 240 to 480. It takes a lot of time and effort to pull out and collect all the spikes from the sleepers.

[0004] As a device for pulling out spikes from sleepers, a manual spike puller such as that described in Patent Document 1 is used. The spike puller in Patent Document 1 has a gripping claw, a piston rod, and a hydraulic cylinder, and an operator carries the spike puller to each spike, sets it up, and pulls out the spike. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 4-133582 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] The manual spike pullers described in Patent Document 1 and elsewhere weigh around 10 to 20 kg, so a large burden is placed on the operator when transporting the spike puller, setting it on each spike, and removing the pulled spikes from the spike puller.

[0007] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned circumstances, and its object is to provide a nail removal method and nail removal teeth that reduce the burden on the worker and enable efficient removal of nails from sleepers. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] A method for removing spikes according to a first aspect of the present invention comprises: A method for removing spikes that have been driven into sleepers, comprising the steps of: Hook the teeth of the hydraulic excavator bucket onto the head of the spike, While pressing the bottom surface of the bucket against the sleeper so that the principle of leverage works, the bucket is raised so that the tooth floats, thereby pulling out the spike. It is characterized by:

[0009] In addition, the tooth is used in which a groove having a width wider than the thickness of the body of the spike and narrower than the minor axis of the head of the spike is formed, It is preferable that the head of the spike is hooked into the groove.

[0010] It is also preferable that the teeth be curved in a convex shape toward the bottom surface side of the bucket when attached to the bucket.

[0011] It is also preferable to perform this step while pressing the sleepers with the blade of the hydraulic excavator to prevent the sleepers from lifting up.

[0012] The nail pulling tooth according to the second aspect of the present invention comprises: A tooth for removing spikes attached to a tooth mounting portion of a bucket of a hydraulic excavator, The spike-pulling tooth has a groove that is wider than the thickness of the body of the spike and narrower than the minor axis of the head of the spike. It is characterized by:

[0013] It is also preferable that when attached to the bucket, the blade be curved in a convex shape toward the bottom surface of the bucket. Effect of the Invention

[0014] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a nail removal method and nail removal teeth that can reduce the burden on the worker and efficiently pull out nails from sleepers. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0015] [Figure 1] FIG. 1(A) is a plan view showing an example of an existing track, and FIG. 1(B) is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A' of FIG. 1(A). [Diagram 2] 2(A) and 2(B) are a side view and a plan view showing an example of a spike. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a plan view of a spike tooth. [Figure 4] 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB' of FIG. [Diagram 5] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a method for removing spikes. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a method for removing spikes. [Figure 7] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a method for removing spikes. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a view seen in the direction C in FIG. 7. [Figure 9] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a method for removing spikes. [Figure 10] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a method for removing spikes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0016] The spike removal method and spike removal tooth according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. The spike removal method is a method of pulling out spikes by using the bucket of a hydraulic excavator. A hydraulic excavator with a bucket attached to the tip of its arm is a type of construction machine generally used for work such as scraping and piling up earth and sand, or excavating and transporting rocks in a mine.

[0017] An example of an existing track to be removed is shown in Figures 1(A) and (B). A rail 32 is fixed onto a metal sole plate 31 placed on a wooden sleeper 30. The rail 32 is fixed to the sleeper 30 by driving spikes 20 as shown in Figures 2(A) and (B) through nail holes 31a in the sole plate 31.

[0018] The method for removing the spike will be described in detail later, but the tooth attached to the bucket of the hydraulic excavator is hooked onto the head 21 of the spike 20 and the spike 20 is pulled out using the principle of leverage. The tooth attached to the bucket may be a normal tooth, but it is preferable that it be the spike removing tooth 10 shown in Figures 3 and 4.

[0019] The nail tooth 10 is made of an alloy or the like having high mechanical strength. The nail tooth 10 has a groove formed along the bucket rotation direction (X-axis direction shown in Figs. 3 and 4). The width of the groove (D3 shown in Fig. 3) is set to be wider than the thickness of the body 22 of the nail 20 (D1 shown in Fig. 2(B)) and narrower than the minor axis of the head 21 of the nail 20 (D2 shown in Fig. 2(B)). The width of the groove may be set according to the nail 20 to be pulled out, and is, for example, about 20 mm. In addition, the width of the groove is preferably wider toward the tip to make it easier to hook the nail 20. In addition, the depth of the groove (L shown in Fig. 3) is preferably long enough not to interfere with the mounting hole 12.

[0020] When attached to a bucket, the spike tooth 10 is curved so as to draw a convex arc toward the bottom side of the bucket, in other words, toward the side facing the sleeper 30 during work. The radius of curvature of this arc may be set according to the size of the bucket and the spike tooth 10, and is, for example, about 50 to 70 mm. The curved spike tooth 10 can improve the operability of the worker operating the hydraulic excavator.

[0021] Specifically, when a worker operates the bucket to pull out a spike 20, the bucket is moved so that the spike removal teeth 10 are directed toward the worker, and at that time, the teeth 10 are easily hooked onto the head 21 of the spike 20. If the head 21 of the spike 20 is hooked, it will go deeper into the groove when the bucket is raised, making it difficult for the spike 20 to come out of the groove. Also, even if the spike 20 comes out of the groove due to the impact of pulling it out, it is prevented from flying toward the worker.

[0022] This nail tooth 10 is of a vertical pin fixing type, and has a pin hole 11 and a mounting hole 12. The tooth mounting portion of the bucket is inserted into the mounting hole 12, and the fixing pin is fitted into the pin hole 11, thereby attaching the tooth to the bucket. If a bucket with a horizontal pin fixing type or other fixing type is used, the design of the nail tooth 10 can be appropriately modified depending on the shape of the tooth mounting portion.

[0023] Next, the spike removal method according to the present embodiment will be described in detail. In the spike removal method, first, the rail 32 fixed to the sleeper 30 is removed, and the rail 32 and the sleeper 30 are separated. Any method may be used as long as it is possible to separate the rail 32 from the sleeper 30, and an example of such a method is a method using a hydraulic excavator. Specifically, the tip of a bucket is inserted under the rail 32 between the sleepers 30, and the rail 32 is peeled off from the sleeper 30 and separated. When the rail 32 is peeled off, some of the spikes 20 are pulled out from the sleeper 30.

[0024] 5, the sleepers 30 with the remaining spikes 20 are collected and lined up. By lining up the sleepers 30, many spikes 20 can be pulled out continuously.

[0025] Next, as shown in Fig. 6, the sleeper 30 is pressed down by the blade 44 of the hydraulic excavator 40. The blade 44, also called a blade, is installed on the hydraulic excavator 40 and is generally used for leveling land. By pressing the sleeper 30 with the blade 44, the sleeper 30 is prevented from floating up when the spike 20 is pulled out.

[0026] Then, as shown in Fig. 7, the head 21 of the nail 20 is hooked on the nail-removing tooth 10 of the bucket 41. Fig. 8 shows the state of the work area as seen from the worker, and since the nail-removing tooth 10 has a groove formed therein and is curved convexly toward the side facing the sleeper 30, the worker can easily visually confirm the positional relationship between the nail 20 and the nail-removing tooth 10, and can easily hook the nail-removing tooth 10 on the head 21 of the nail 20. Even if the nail 20 is surrounded by uneven surfaces due to the floor plate 31, the tip of the nail-removing tooth 10 can be raised and hooked on the head 21 of the nail 20 while avoiding the unevenness.

[0027] The spike puller teeth 10 may be attached to any location that is easy for the worker to operate among the multiple tooth attachment parts 42 of the bucket 41. Here, the spike puller teeth 10 are attached to the leftmost tooth attachment part 42 as seen by the worker out of the four tooth attachment parts 42.

[0028] Then, as shown in Figure 9, the bottom surface of the bucket 41 is brought into contact with the sleeper 30 and pressed down. When the bucket 41 is raised so that the spike-removing tooth 10 is lifted as shown in Figure 10, the curved part of the bottom surface of the bucket 41 acts as a fulcrum, and the principle of leverage comes into play, allowing the spike 20 to be easily pulled out.

[0029] The pulled out spike 20 remains caught in the groove of the spike removal tooth 10 and is prevented from falling. Even if the force of pulling out the spike 20 causes it to come out of the groove, the spike removal tooth 10 is curved so that the spike 20 falls into the bucket 41. The pulled out spike 20 hanging in the groove or the spike 20 that has entered the bucket 41 is dropped and collected by operating the bucket 41 at a collection point for the spike 20 set near the hydraulic excavator 40. The above operation is then repeated for the other spikes 20 that have been driven into the sleepers 30.

[0030] The above work does not require any particular skill from a normal worker who can operate a hydraulic excavator 40. A normal worker can pull out one spike 20 in about 15 seconds. For example, if an average of four spikes 20 remain in each of 60 sleepers, a total of 240 spikes 20 will be pulled out. If a normal worker pulls out the spikes 20 continuously, it takes about 15 seconds per spike, and it is possible to pull out 240 spikes 20 in about 60 minutes.

[0031] On the other hand, in the case of a manual spike puller such as that described in Patent Document 1, if an operator performs the pulling work continuously, and it takes about 45 seconds to pull out one spike 20, it will take 180 minutes to remove 240 spikes 20.

[0032] As described above, the nail puller according to the present embodiment requires approximately one-third of the work time required when using a manual nail puller as in Patent Document 1, and thus significantly reduces the work time.

[0033] Furthermore, since the worker operates the hydraulic excavator 40 to remove the spikes 20, the worker does not need to exert any physical effort, and therefore the burden on the worker can be significantly reduced. [Explanation of symbols]

[0034] 10 Spike Pulling Teeth 11 Pin hole 12 Mounting holes 20 dog nail 21 Head 22 Torso 30 Sleepers 31 Floor plate 31a hole 32 Rail 40 Hydraulic Excavator 41 Bucket 42 Tooth attachment part 43 Fixing pin 44 Blade

Claims

1. A method for removing spikes that have been driven into sleepers, comprising the steps of: Hook the teeth of the hydraulic excavator bucket onto the head of the spike, While pressing the bottom surface of the bucket against the sleeper so that the principle of leverage works, the bucket is raised so that the tooth floats, thereby pulling out the spike. A method for removing nails, comprising:

2. The tooth has a groove formed therein that is wider than the thickness of the body of the spike and narrower than the minor axis of the head of the spike, Hooking the head of the spike into the groove; 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the nail is removed by a nail removal device.

3. When the tooth is attached to the bucket, the tooth is curved convexly toward the bottom surface side of the bucket.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the nail is removed by a nail removal device.

4. The hydraulic excavator blade is used to press the sleeper against the sleeper to prevent the sleeper from lifting up.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the nail is removed by a nail removal device.

5. A tooth for removing spikes attached to a tooth mounting portion of a bucket of a hydraulic excavator, The spike-pulling tooth has a groove that is wider than the thickness of the body of the spike and narrower than the minor axis of the head of the spike. The nail pulling teeth are characterized by the following features.

6. When attached to the bucket, the bucket is curved convexly toward the bottom surface of the bucket.

6. The nail puller tooth according to claim 5.

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