Manufacturing device

Abstract

To maintain position accuracy of a ram.SOLUTION: A manufacturing device has a ram and a holding part. At least one of the holding part and the ram includes balls. The ram is held through the balls by the holding part in a state that the ram can slide in a first direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a manufacturing apparatus. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, as in Patent Document 1, a manufacturing device such as a former has been proposed. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 03-094945 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, it was necessary for the ram to operate stably even when the reciprocating motion was frequent.

[0005] Thus, one object of the present invention is to maintain the positional accuracy of the ram. Other objects of the present invention will become apparent from the description herein. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] One aspect of the present invention is a manufacturing apparatus having a ram and a holding portion, at least one of the holding portion and the ram includes a ball, and the ram is held in the holding portion in a state where it can slide in a first direction via the ball.

[0007] According to the above aspect of the present invention, the positional accuracy of the ram can be maintained. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment, as viewed from above. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a top view of the manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment. [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment, as viewed from the side. [Figure 4] 1 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram of a manufacturing apparatus according to a first embodiment, as viewed from the front. [Diagram 5] 4 is a configuration diagram of the manufacturing apparatus according to the first embodiment, seen from the side, in which the punch holder has been moved upward from the state shown in FIG. 3. FIG. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the manufacturing apparatus in a first state according to the first embodiment, as viewed from above. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the manufacturing apparatus in a first state according to the first embodiment, as viewed from the side. [Figure 8] FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of the manufacturing apparatus in a second state according to the first embodiment, as viewed from above. [Figure 9] FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of the manufacturing apparatus in a second state according to the first embodiment, as viewed from the side. [Figure 10] FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of the manufacturing apparatus in a third state according to the first embodiment, as viewed from above. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of the manufacturing apparatus in a third state according to the first embodiment, as viewed from the side. [Figure 12] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a die base, a die fixing portion, and a die. [Figure 13] FIG. 11 is a side view of a manufacturing apparatus according to a second embodiment. [Figure 14] FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of a manufacturing apparatus according to a second embodiment, as viewed from the side. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0009] The first and second embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that the embodiments are not limited to the first and second embodiments. In principle, the contents described in one embodiment are also applicable to the other embodiments. The embodiments and the modified examples can be combined as appropriate.

[0010] In the following, to explain the directions, the movement direction (front-back direction) of the ram 51 is defined as the x direction (first direction), the left-right direction perpendicular to the x direction is defined as the y direction, and the approximately vertical direction perpendicular to the x and y directions is defined as the z direction. In addition, in Figures 1 to 14, the directions indicated by the arrows on the x, y, and z axes are defined as the forward direction, rightward direction, and upward direction, respectively.

[0011] In order to explain the internal structure, Fig. 1, Fig. 6, Fig. 8, Fig. 10 are top configuration diagrams in which the actual manufacturing apparatus 1 is simplified and the parts related to the invention are emphasized, and Fig. 3, Fig. 5, Fig. 7, Fig. 9, Fig. 11, Fig. 14 are side configuration diagrams in which the actual manufacturing apparatus 1 is simplified and the parts related to the invention are emphasized. In Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 5 to Fig. 11, Fig. 14, the balls of the sliding part 52, which are in a position that cannot be seen from the outside, are shown by dotted lines. In Fig. 4, hatching showing a cross section is omitted.

[0012] (Manufacturing equipment 1) As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the manufacturing apparatus (multi-stage forging apparatus: former) 1 of the first embodiment includes a housing 10, a ram drive unit 30, a ram unit 50, a product discharge unit 60, a punch unit 70, and a die unit 90.

[0013] The manufacturing apparatus 1 executes a blank forming process. In the forming process, pressure is applied to the blank by the punch 71 of the punch unit 70 attached to the ram 51 of the ram unit 50 and the die 95 of the die unit 90, and a pressed blank is formed. Pressurization of the blank by the punch 71 and the die 95 is performed in multiple stages. In the first embodiment, an example will be described in which four sets of punches 71 and dies 95 are provided, and pressurization of the material by the punches 71 and the dies 95 is performed in four stages. Specifically, four sets of punches 71, punch holders 73, and punch knockout mechanisms 75 are provided, and these are attached to the ram 51. In addition, four sets of die fixing units 93 and dies 95 are provided, and these are attached to the die base 91.

[0014] (Chassis 10) The housing 10 has a holding portion 11, a guide portion 13, and a cam 15.

[0015] (Holding part 11) The holding unit 11 houses the members that constitute the manufacturing apparatus 1. The guide unit 13, the cam 15, the motor 31, and the die unit 90 are attached to the holding unit 11. However, some of the members such as the motor 31 may be provided outside the holding unit 11.

[0016] (Guide part 13) Guide portion 13 includes a rail extending in the x-direction. The rail of guide portion 13 is provided in an area of ​​holding portion 11 facing a side surface of ram 51 and an area facing a bottom surface of ram 51. Ram 51 is held by holding portion 11 via guide portion 13 and sliding portion 52 in a state where it can move in the x-direction.

[0017] (Cam 15) The cam 15 is fixed to the holding unit 11. The cam 15 includes a first taxiway 15a and a second taxiway 15b. The first taxiway 15a and the second taxiway 15b of the cam 15 limit the movement range of the cam follower 55a provided on the pinion 55 of the ram unit 50. The first taxiway 15a extends in the x direction, and the second taxiway 15b extends from the front end of the first taxiway 15a in the x direction forward and obliquely upward in the x direction. The cam follower 55a moves along the first taxiway 15a and the second taxiway 15b. The cam 15, the pinion 55 of the ram unit 50, and the rack 75a of the punch knockout mechanism 75 constitute an operation control mechanism that allows the punch 71 and the contact portion 75b of the punch knockout mechanism 75 to move integrally or separately.

[0018] (Ram drive unit 30) The ram drive unit 30 has a motor 31, a crank mechanism unit 33, a connection unit 35, and a power transmission mechanism 37. The motor 31 supplies a rotational force to the crank mechanism unit 33 via a flywheel, a clutch, etc. The rotational motion based on the rotational force is converted into a reciprocating motion of the ram 51 in the x direction via the crank mechanism unit 33 and the connection unit 35.

[0019] In the first embodiment, the crank mechanism 33 includes a pair of crankshafts (first crankshaft 33a, second crankshaft 33b), and the connection portion 35 includes a pair of connecting rods (first connecting rod 35a, second connecting rod 35b).

[0020] The crank mechanism unit 33 and the connecting unit 35 are positioned so that the component of a force applied to the ram 51 in a direction perpendicular to the x direction (y direction component) based on the rotational motion of the first crankshaft 33a via the first connecting rod 35a cancels out the component of a force applied to the ram 51 in a direction perpendicular to the x direction (y direction component) based on the rotational motion of the second crankshaft 33b via the second connecting rod 35b.

[0021] The first crankshaft 33a and the second crankshaft 33b are aligned in the y direction and have a rotation axis parallel to the z direction. The second crankshaft 33b rotates in the opposite direction to the first crankshaft 33a when viewed from the z direction.

[0022] The first connecting rod 35a and the second connecting rod 35b are aligned in the y direction. The first connecting rod 35a applies a force in the x direction to the ram 51 based on the rotational motion of the first crankshaft 33a. The second connecting rod 35b applies a force in the x direction to the ram 51 based on the rotational motion of the second crankshaft 33b. The rotational motion of the crank pin of the first connecting rod 35a and the rotational motion of the crank pin of the second connecting rod 35b are performed in opposite phases. The reciprocating motion of the piston pin of the first connecting rod 35a and the reciprocating motion of the piston pin of the second connecting rod 35b are performed at the same timing.

[0023] That is, when viewed from the z direction, the movement locus of the first connecting rod 35a and the movement locus of the second connecting rod 35b are expressed as line symmetry. Furthermore, at the same timing, the first connecting rod 35a and the second connecting rod 35b move the ram 51 forward in the x direction, and at the same timing, the first connecting rod 35a and the second connecting rod 35b move the ram 51 backward in the x direction.

[0024] The power transmission mechanism 37 is provided between the motor 31 and the second crankshaft 33b, and includes gears and the like for rotating the second crankshaft 33b in the opposite direction to the first crankshaft 33a. However, the rotational motions of the first crankshaft 33a and the second crankshaft 33b may be performed by separate motors 31. In this case, the power transmission mechanism 37 may be omitted.

[0025] (Ram Division 50) The ram portion 50 has a ram 51 , a sliding portion 52 , a center position adjustment portion 53 , a front-rear position adjustment portion 54 , and a pinion 55 .

[0026] (Ram 51) The ram 51 holds the punch holder 73 of the punch unit 70, and is reciprocated in the x direction by the ram drive unit 30. The ram 51 is held by the holder 11 via the ball of the sliding unit 52 in a state where it can slide in the x direction.

[0027] (Sliding portion 52) The sliding portion 52 is composed of a linear guide, etc. The sliding portion 52 includes a block that straddles the rail of the guide portion 13 when viewed from the x direction, and a ball provided between the block and the rail. The sliding portion 52 is provided on the side surface and bottom surface of the ram 51.

[0028] (Center position adjustment unit 53) The center position adjustment unit 53 includes a tapered gib 53a, a first adjustment screw 53b, and a clamping unit 53c. The center position adjustment unit 53 is provided at a position that clamps an area (sleeve) of the ram 51 where the punch holder 73 is attached in a direction perpendicular to the x direction. The center position adjustment unit 53 is used to clamp the punch holder 73 and adjust the position of the punch holder 73 on the yz plane. The position of the punch holder 73 is adjusted by moving the tapered gib 53a in the x direction.

[0029] The tapered gib 53a is provided at a position sandwiching the clamping portion 53c. The first adjustment screw 53b is held by the ram 51. The first adjustment screw 53b extends in the x direction and is attached to each of the tapered gib 53a. Depending on the degree of fastening of the first adjustment screw 53b, the tapered gib 53a is displaced in the x direction relative to the ram 51.

[0030] The clamping portion 53c is provided at a position where it clamps the punch holder 73 when viewed from the x direction. When the punch holder 73 is attached to the ram 51, the clamping portion 53c clamps the punch holder 73. The clamping portion 53c includes an inclined surface that contacts the tapered gibb 53a. The inclined surface of the clamping portion 53c forms a predetermined angle with the x direction. As the tapered gibb 53a is displaced in the x direction, the clamping portion 53c is displaced in a direction clamping the punch holder 73. In other words, as the tapered gibb 53a is displaced in the x direction, the tapered gibb 53a displaces the punch holder 73 in a direction perpendicular to the x direction.

[0031] In the first embodiment, the pair of tapered gibs 53a are provided at positions sandwiching, in the z direction, a region (sleeve) of the ram 51 where the punch holder 73 is attached, as viewed from the x direction. From the state shown in Figure 3, when the first adjustment screw 53b provided on the tapered gib 53a on the upper side in the z direction is rotated in one direction and the first adjustment screw 53b provided on the tapered gib 53a on the lower side in the z direction is rotated in the other direction, the clamping portion 53c and the punch holder 73 provided therebetween move upward in the z direction (see Figure 5).

[0032] When both the first adjustment screw 53b provided on one tapered gib 53a and the first adjustment screw 53b provided on the other tapered gib 53a are rotated in one direction, the punch holder 73 is more firmly clamped by the clamping portion 53c provided therebetween.

[0033] Another pair of tapered gibs 53a are provided at positions sandwiching, in the y direction, an area (sleeve) of the ram 51 where the punch holder 73 is attached, as viewed from the x direction. When the first adjustment screw 53b provided in the tapered gibs 53a on the right side in the y direction is rotated in one direction and the first adjustment screw 53b provided in the tapered gibs 53a on the left side in the y direction is rotated in the other direction, the clamping portion 53c provided therebetween and the punch holder 73 move leftward in the y direction.

[0034] (Anteroposterior position adjustment section 54) The front-rear position adjustment unit 54 includes a wedge-shaped part 54a and a second adjustment screw 54b. The wedge-shaped part 54a is disposed behind the first pressure receiving part 73d of the punch holder 73 in the x direction. The inclined surface of the wedge-shaped part 54a contacts the inclined surface at the rear end of the first pressure receiving part 73d in the x direction. The inclined surface at the rear end of the first pressure receiving part 73d in the x direction forms a predetermined angle with the z direction. The displacement of the wedge-shaped part 54a in the z direction displaces the first pressure receiving part 73d in the x direction. That is, the wedge-shaped part 54a displaces the punch holder 73 in the x direction by displacing the wedge-shaped part 54a in the z direction. The second adjustment screw 54b is held by the ram 51. The second adjustment screw 54b extends in the z direction and is attached to the wedge-shaped part 54a. The wedge-shaped part 54a is displaced relative to the ram 51 in the z-direction depending on the degree to which the second adjustment screw 54b is fastened.

[0035] When the second adjustment screw 54b is rotated in one direction, the wedge-shaped part 54a moves downward in the z direction and the first pressure-receiving part 73d moves forward in the x direction. When the second adjustment screw 54b is rotated in the other direction, the wedge-shaped part 54a moves upward in the z direction and the first pressure-receiving part 73d moves backward in the x direction.

[0036] The position adjustment of the punch holder 73 in the x direction using the front-rear position adjustment unit 54 is performed after the position adjustment of the punch holder 73 in the x direction using the scale ring 73c.

[0037] (Pinion 55) The pinion 55 has a rotation axis parallel to the y direction. The pinion 55 is held by the ram 51. The pinion 55 includes a cam follower 55a that protrudes in the y direction. The cam follower 55a is disposed in an area within the first taxiway 15a and the second taxiway 15b of the cam 15. When the cam follower 55a moves along the first taxiway 15a, the pinion 55 does not rotate. When the cam follower 55a moves along the second taxiway 15b, the pinion 55 rotates around the rotation axis parallel to the y direction.

[0038] (Product discharge section 60) The product discharge section 60 discharges the forged blank formed by the final punch 71 to the outside.

[0039] (Punch part 70) The punch unit 70 includes a punch 71 , a punch holder 73 , and a punch knockout mechanism 75 .

[0040] (Punch 71) The punch 71 is a moving “die” attached to the ram 51 via a punch holder 73 .

[0041] (Punch holder 73) The punch holder 73 includes a punch holder body 73b, a scale ring 73c, and a first pressure receiving portion 73d.

[0042] Punch 71 is fixed to the front end of punch holder body 73b in the x direction by a gripping member such as a chuck. That is, punch 71 is held by punch holder body 73b. Punch holder body 73b is held by ram 51 via center position adjustment portion 53. For this reason, when ram 51 reciprocates in the x direction, punch 71 and punch holder 73 also reciprocate in the x direction.

[0043] The scale ring 73c is provided at the rear end of the punch holder body 73b in the x direction, and is fixed to the clamping portion 53c of the center position adjustment portion 53. An inner wall of the scale ring 73c and an outer wall of the rear end of the punch holder body 73b in the x direction are screwed together. The scale ring 73c moves the punch holder 73 in the x direction by rotating about an axis parallel to the x direction. That is, the scale ring 73c is used to adjust the position of the punch holder 73 relative to the ram 51 in the x direction and to adjust the position of the punch 71 in the x direction. Information related to the amount of movement of the punch holder 73 in the x direction, such as a scale, is provided on the side surface of the scale ring 73c.

[0044] For example, by rotating the scale ring 73c in one direction by a predetermined scale amount about an axis parallel to the x direction, the punch holder 73 moves forward in the x direction by a movement amount corresponding to the predetermined scale amount. Also, by rotating the scale ring 73c in the other direction about an axis parallel to the x direction by the predetermined scale amount, the punch holder 73 moves backward in the x direction by a movement amount corresponding to the predetermined scale amount.

[0045] The first pressure receiving portion 73d is provided at the rear end portion in the x direction of the punch holder 73. The first pressure receiving portion 73d receives a force exerted by the ram 51 to push the punch holder 73 forward in the x direction. A slope is formed at the rear end portion in the x direction of the first pressure receiving portion 73d, and the slope contacts the slope of the wedge-shaped part 54a.

[0046] (Punch knockout mechanism 75) The punch knockout mechanism 75 includes a rack 75a and a contact portion 75b.

[0047] The rack 75a engages with the pinion 55. When the pinion 55 does not rotate, this engagement causes the punch knockout mechanism 75 to move or stop in the x direction together with the ram 51. When the pinion 55 rotates, this engagement causes the punch knockout mechanism 75 to move or stop in the x direction separately from the ram 51.

[0048] That is, the punch holder 73 always moves together with the reciprocating motion of the ram 51 in the x direction. When the ram 51 and the holder 11 are in a predetermined positional relationship, the punch knockout mechanism 75 moves or stops separately from the reciprocating motion of the ram 51 in the x direction. The predetermined positional relationship refers to the positional relationship between the ram 51 and the holder 11 in a state in which the ram 51 approaches the bottom dead center and the cam follower 55a moves along the second guide path 15b. Specifically, the operation control mechanism (cam 15, pinion 55, rack 75a) moves or stops the contact portion 75b of the punch knockout mechanism 75 separately from the reciprocating motion of the ram 51.

[0049] The contact portion 75b has a portion on the rack 75a that protrudes forward in the x-direction from the ram 51. When the ram 51 moves away from the die portion 90, the front end portion in the x-direction of the portion protruding in the x-direction separates the forged blank attached to the punch 71 from the punch 71.

[0050] (Punch knockout mechanism 75 movement procedure) Next, the operation procedure of the punch 71 and the punch knockout mechanism 75 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 3, and 6 to 11.

[0051] When the ram 51 moves forward in the x direction from the top dead point, the cam follower 55a moves forward in the x direction along the first guideway 15a. The top dead point of the ram 51 is the rear end of the moving range of the ram 51 in the x direction (see Figs. 1 and 3). While the cam follower 55a moves along the first guideway 15a, the pinion 55 does not rotate. Therefore, the rack 75a does not move. That is, the punch 71 and the punch knockout mechanism 75 move forward in the x direction together with the ram 51 (first state).

[0052] When the ram 51 moves from the top dead point to the vicinity of the midpoint between the top dead point and the bottom dead point, the cam follower 55a reaches the boundary area between the first taxiway 15a and the second taxiway 15b (see Figs. 6 and 7). The bottom dead point of the ram 51 is the front end in the x direction of the moving range of the ram 51 (see Figs. 8 and 9). When the ram 51 moves further forward in the x direction from the vicinity of the midpoint between the top dead point and the bottom dead point, the cam follower 55a moves forward and diagonally upward in the x direction along the second taxiway 15b. As the cam follower 55a moves along the second taxiway 15b, the pinion 55 rotates forward, moving the rack 75a backward in the x direction. Here, the "forward rotation" refers to a clockwise rotation as viewed from the left in the y direction (see Fig. 9). The punch 71 moves forward in the x direction together with the ram 51, and the punch knockout mechanism 75 moves forward in the x direction separately from the punch 71 and the ram 51 or stops (second state).

[0053] When the ram 51 moves rearward in the x direction from the bottom dead center, the cam follower 55a moves rearward and diagonally downward in the x direction along the second guideway 15b (see Figs. 10 and 11). As the cam follower 55a moves along the second guideway 15b, the pinion 55 rotates in the reverse direction, moving the rack 75a forward in the x direction. The "reverse rotation" here refers to a counterclockwise rotation as viewed from the left in the y direction (see Fig. 11). That is, the punch 71 moves rearward in the x direction together with the ram 51, and the punch knockout mechanism 75 moves rearward in the x direction or stops separately from the punch 71 and the ram 51 (third state). The forged blank attached to the punch 71 comes into contact with the front end of the contact portion 75b in the x direction, and is separated from the punch 71 by the contact.

[0054] When the ram 51 moves from the bottom dead center to the vicinity of the midpoint between the bottom dead center and the top dead center, the cam follower 55a reaches the boundary area between the second taxiway 15b and the first taxiway 15a.

[0055] When the ram 51 moves further backward in the x direction from near the midpoint between the bottom dead center and the top dead center, the cam follower 55a moves backward in the x direction along the first guideway 15a. While the cam follower 55a moves along the first guideway 15a, the pinion 55 does not rotate. Therefore, the rack 75a of the punch knockout mechanism 75 does not move. That is, the punch 71 and the punch knockout mechanism 75 move backward in the x direction together with the ram 51 (fourth state).

[0056] (Die part 90) The die section 90 includes a die base 91 , a die fixing section 93 , a die 95 , and a cutting section 97 .

[0057] The die base 91 holds the die 95 via a die fixing portion 93. The die base 91 is fixed to the holder 11.

[0058] The die fixing part 93 faces the punch holder 73 in the x direction. As shown in Fig. 12, the die fixing part 93 is composed of a mechanical lock. An outer ring of the mechanical lock of the die fixing part 93 contacts the inner wall of the die base 91, and an inner ring of the mechanical lock of the die fixing part 93 contacts the outer wall of the die 95. By tightening the nut of the mechanical lock of the die fixing part 93, the outer diameter of the outer ring of the mechanical lock is expanded and the inner diameter of the inner ring of the mechanical lock is reduced. In this way, the die base 91, the die fixing part 93, and the die 95 are fastened together.

[0059] The die 95 is a stationary "die" attached to the die base 91 via the die fixing part 93. The die 95 faces the punch 71 in the x direction. The attachment region of the die 95 has approximately the same shape as the inner ring of the die fixing part 93. A blank or a forged blank formed in a previous stage is placed in the region of the die 95 facing the punch 71 in the x direction. The region of the die 95 facing the punch 71 in the x direction has a shape that matches the shape of the forged blank to be formed in this stage. The outer shape of the region of the die 95 facing the punch 71 in the x direction may be approximately the same shape as the inner ring of the die fixing part 93, or may be a different shape.

[0060] The cutting section 97 cuts the material fed from a material feed mechanism (not shown) to a fixed size to form a blank.

[0061] A conveying section (not shown) is provided in the die section 90. The conveying section moves a blank from the cutting section 97 to the die 95, moves a forged blank from a previous die 95 to a subsequent die 95, and moves the blank from the final die 95 to the product discharge section 60.

[0062] (Effect of using the sliding portion 52 including balls) Compared to a configuration in which sliding is performed using an oil reservoir formed by scraping without providing balls, this has the effect of reducing wear on the sliding surfaces, making it easier to maintain the positional accuracy of the ram 51 and the punch 71 over a long period of time. Furthermore, by maintaining the positional accuracy of the punch 71, it is expected that the component life of the punch 71 and the die 95 can be improved.

[0063] (Effect of rotating the first crankshaft 33a and the second crankshaft 33b in reverse) It is possible to cancel out the force applied from the connecting part 35 in a direction (y direction) perpendicular to the moving direction (x direction) of the ram 51. This reduces the load on the sliding part 52 attached to the side of the ram 51, making it easier to maintain positional accuracy over a long period of time and suppressing vibration in the y direction. Also, compared to a configuration in which the ram 51 is driven by a single crankshaft, the load can be distributed to multiple crankshafts (first crankshaft 33a, second crankshaft 33b). This makes it easier to maintain high accuracy for each crankshaft and to improve its lifespan.

[0064] (Effect of position adjustment using center position adjustment unit 53) By displacing the tapered gib 53a in the x-direction using the first adjustment screw 53b and displacing the clamping portion 53c in the direction clamping the punch holder 73 via the inclined surface, it is possible to adjust the position of the punch holder 73 while maintaining the extension direction of the punch 71 parallel to the x-direction.

[0065] (Effect of using scale ring 73c) This makes it easier to visually confirm the amount of adjustment compared to a configuration in which the position of the punch 71 in the x direction is adjusted using a tapered position adjustment member (such as the wedge-shaped part 54a) provided on the pressure-receiving portion. This allows the adjustment work to be performed accurately and efficiently.

[0066] (Effect of holding the die 95 using the die fixing part 93 configured with a mechanical lock) Compared with a configuration in which the die 95 is attached to the die base 91 or the die fixing part 93 via a bolt extending from the side surface of the die 95 in a direction perpendicular to the x-direction, the centering performance of the die 95 is improved and the degree of freedom of the attachment angle is increased. In addition, phase alignment with the punch 71 is facilitated.

[0067] (Effect of controlling the operation of the punch knockout mechanism 75 using the power control mechanism) While the ram 51, punch 71, and punch holder 73 are positioned near the bottom dead center, the cam 15, pinion 55, and rack 75a move the punch 71 and the contact portion 75b of the punch knockout mechanism 75 separately. While the ram 51, punch 71, and punch holder 73 are positioned other than near the bottom dead center, the cam 15, pinion 55, and rack 75a move the punch 71 and the contact portion 75b of the punch knockout mechanism 75 together. When the punch 71 moves away from the die portion 90, the forged blank attached to the punch 71 comes into contact with the front end portion in the x-direction of the contact portion 75b of the punch knockout mechanism 75, and is separated from the punch 71 by this contact. For this reason, the movement of the punch 71 and the punch knockout mechanism 75 can be efficiently controlled by the operation control mechanism (cam 15, pinion 55, and rack 75a) using a single power source (motor 31).

[0068] (Application example of punch holder 73, second embodiment) Next, an application example (second embodiment) of punch holder 73 will be described. As shown in Fig. 13 and Fig. 14, punch holder 73 of the second embodiment includes a punch fixing portion 73a, a punch holder main body 73b, a second pressure receiving portion 73e, and an output device 73f. The following description will focus on the parts that differ from the first embodiment.

[0069] The punch fixing portion 73a holds the punch 71 in a state where it can slide in the x direction. The punch fixing portion 73a is fixed to the front end portion in the x direction of the punch holder main body 73b. That is, the punch 71 is held by the punch holder main body 73b via the punch fixing portion 73a.

[0070] The second pressure receiving portion 73e is provided at the rear end of the punch holder 73 in the x-direction. The second pressure receiving portion 73e receives a force from the ram 51 pushing the punch holder 73 forward in the x-direction. The second pressure receiving portion 73e includes a load cell (strain gauge). The load cell of the second pressure receiving portion 73e measures the pressure load when the punch 71 collides with a blank placed on the die 95 (or a forged blank formed in a previous stage).

[0071] The output device 73f is configured with a display device or the like, and outputs information related to the received pressure load obtained by the load cell of the second pressure receiving portion 73e. The output device 73f is provided inside or outside the housing .

[0072] (Effect of Providing the Punch Fixing Part 73a and the Second Pressure Receiving Part 73e) By measuring the actual load at the time of collision using the load cell of the second pressure receiving portion 73e, it becomes easier to verify the validity of the blank molding process and to predict the life of the die. In addition, it becomes possible to find problems that occur during the operation of the manufacturing equipment 1 at an early stage.

[0073] (Application example of Ram 51) In the first and second embodiments, an example has been described in which the ram 51 is held by the holding part 11 in a state in which it is movable in one horizontal direction (x direction). However, the ram 51 may be held by the holding part 11 in a state in which it is movable in the vertical direction (z direction).

[0074] (Application example 1 of guide portion 13 and sliding portion 52) In the first and second embodiments, an example has been described in which the guide portion 13 is attached to the holding portion 11, and the sliding portion 52 is attached to the ram 51. However, a member corresponding to the guide portion 13 may be attached to the ram 51, and a member corresponding to the sliding portion 52 may be attached to the holding portion 11.

[0075] (Application example 2 of guide portion 13 and sliding portion 52) In the first and second embodiments, an example has been described in which a ball is provided on the sliding portion 52. However, a ball may be provided on the guide portion 13, or a ball may be provided on both the guide portion 13 and the sliding portion 52.

[0076] (Application example 3 of guide portion 13 and sliding portion 52) In the first and second embodiments, an example has been described in which the block of the sliding portion 52 straddles the rail of the guide portion 13. However, the sliding portion 52 may be in sliding contact with the guide portion 13 without the block of the sliding portion 52 straddling the rail of the guide portion 13.

[0077] (Example of application of pressure to material using punch 71 and die 95) In the first and second embodiments, an example has been described in which the material is pressed in four stages by the punch 71 and the die 95. However, the number of stages of pressurization is not limited to four stages, and may be one or more stages.

[0078] (Application example of crank mechanism 33) In the first and second embodiments, an example has been described in which the crank mechanism 33 includes a pair of crankshafts (first crankshaft 33a, second crankshaft 33b) that rotate in opposite directions. However, the crank mechanism 33 may include two or more pairs of crankshafts that rotate in opposite directions. Also, the crank mechanism 33 may include an odd number of crankshafts. Even in this case, the advantage of reducing the load by using multiple crankshafts is obtained.

[0079] (Application example of punch holder 73 and punch knockout mechanism 75) In the first and second embodiments, an example has been described in which the punch holder 73 always moves together with the reciprocating motion in the x direction of the ram 51, and when the ram 51 and the holder 11 are in a predetermined positional relationship, the punch knockout mechanism 75 moves or stops separately from the reciprocating motion in the x direction of the ram 51. However, the punch knockout mechanism 75 may always move together with the reciprocating motion in the x direction of the ram 51, and when the ram 51 and the holder 11 are in a predetermined positional relationship, the punch holder 73 may move or stop separately from the reciprocating motion in the x direction of the ram 51.

[0080] Although some embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, substitutions, and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and their modifications are included in the scope of the invention and its equivalents described in the claims, as well as in the scope and spirit of the invention.

[0081] According to the present specification, there is provided a manufacturing apparatus having the following aspects. (Aspect 1) Aspect 1 has a ram and a holding portion, at least one of the holding portion and the ram includes a ball, and the ram is held in the holding portion in a state where it can slide in a first direction via the ball.

[0082] According to the above-mentioned embodiment, there is an effect of reducing wear on the sliding surface, and it is easy to maintain the positional accuracy of the ram and the punch over a long period of time. Furthermore, by maintaining the positional accuracy of the punch, it is expected that the life of parts such as the punch can be improved.

[0083] (Aspect 2) In aspect 2, a sliding portion is provided on one of the holding portion and the ram, and a guide portion is provided on the other of the holding portion and the ram, the guide portion including a rail, and the sliding portion including a block that straddles the rail and the ball that is provided between the block and the rail.

[0084] (Aspect 3) A third aspect further includes a crank mechanism including a first crankshaft and a second crankshaft, and based on rotational motion of the first crankshaft and the second crankshaft, the ram moves in the first direction and the second crankshaft rotates in the opposite direction to the first crankshaft.

[0085] According to the above-mentioned embodiment, the force applied to the ram in a direction perpendicular to the first direction can be offset. This reduces the load on the sliding part attached to the side of the ram, making it easier to maintain positional accuracy over a long period of time and suppressing vibrations in a direction perpendicular to the first direction. In addition, the load can be distributed to multiple crankshafts. This makes it easier to maintain high accuracy for each crankshaft and to improve its lifespan.

[0086] (Aspect 4) A fourth aspect further includes a center position adjustment portion provided at a position on the ram that sandwiches the area where the punch holder is attached, and the center position adjustment portion includes a tapered gib that displaces the punch holder in a direction perpendicular to the first direction by displacing in the first direction.

[0087] According to the above-described aspect, it is possible to adjust the position of the punch while maintaining the extension direction of the punch holder parallel to the first direction.

[0088] (Aspect 5) A fifth aspect further includes a punch holder attached to the ram, the punch holder including a scale ring that rotates about an axis parallel to the first direction to move the punch holder in the first direction.

[0089] According to the above aspect, the adjustment amount can be easily visually confirmed, and therefore the adjustment work can be performed accurately and efficiently.

[0090] (Aspect 6) In aspect 6, information related to the amount of movement in the first direction is provided on a side of the scale ring, and by rotating the scale ring a predetermined scale amount in one direction, the punch holder advances in the first direction by an amount of movement corresponding to the predetermined scale amount, and by rotating the scale ring in the other direction by the predetermined scale amount, the punch holder retreats in the first direction by an amount of movement corresponding to the predetermined scale amount.

[0091] (Aspect 7) A seventh aspect further includes a die fixing portion and a die base that holds the die via the die fixing portion, the die fixing portion facing the punch holder attached to the ram and configured with a mechanical lock.

[0092] According to the above-mentioned aspect, the degree of freedom in the shape and mounting angle of the die is increased, and phase alignment with the punch is facilitated.

[0093] (Aspect 8) An eighth aspect further includes a punch holder attached to the ram and a punch knockout mechanism, one of the punch holder and the punch knockout mechanism moving together with the reciprocating motion of the ram in the first direction, and the other of the punch holder and the punch knockout mechanism moving or stopping separately from the reciprocating motion of the ram in the first direction when in a predetermined positional relationship.

[0094] According to the above-described embodiment, it becomes possible to efficiently control the movement of the punch and the punch knockout mechanism using a single power source.

[0095] (Aspect 9) In a ninth aspect, movement or stopping is performed separately from the reciprocating motion by a pinion attached to the ram, a rack of the punch knockout mechanism, and a cam attached to the holding portion and limiting the range of movement of a cam follower provided on the pinion.

[0096] (Aspect 10) Aspect 10 further comprises a punch, a punch fixing part that holds the punch in a state in which the mounting position of the punch can slide in the first direction, and a punch holder to which the punch fixing part is attached, the punch holder being attached to the ram and including a load cell that measures the pressure load of the punch.

[0097] According to the above-mentioned aspect, by using the load cell to measure the actual load at the time of collision, it becomes easier to verify the validity of the blank molding process and to predict the life of the mold. In addition, it becomes possible to find problems that occur during the operation of the manufacturing equipment at an early stage. [Explanation of symbols]

[0098] 1 Manufacturing equipment 10. Chassis 11 Holding part 13 Guide section 15 Cam 15a 1st taxiway 15b 2nd taxiway 30 Ram drive unit 31 Motor 33 Crank mechanism 33a No. 1 crankshaft 33b No. 2 crankshaft 35 Connection part 35a First connecting rod 35b 2nd connecting rod 37 Power transmission mechanism 50 Ram Department 51 Ram 52 Sliding part 53 Center position adjustment part 53a Tapered Gib 53b First adjustment screw 53c Clamping part 54 Fore / aft position adjustment section 54a Wedge-shaped part 54b Second adjustment screw 55 Pinion 55a Cam follower 60 Product discharge section 70 Punch section 71 Punch 73 Punch Holder 73a Punch fixing part 73b Punch holder body 73c scale ring 73d 1st pressure receiving part 73e Second pressure receiving part 73f Output device 75 Punch knockout mechanism 75a Rack 75b Contact part 90 Die Section 91 Diebase 93 Die fixing part 95 Die 97 Cut section

Claims

1. Ram and A holding portion, At least one of the retainer and the ram includes a ball; A manufacturing apparatus, wherein the ram is held by the holding portion in a state in which it can slide in a first direction via the ball.

2. A sliding portion is provided on one of the holding portion and the ram, a guide portion is provided on the other of the holding portion and the ram; The guide portion includes a rail, The manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the sliding portion includes a block that straddles the rail, and the ball that is provided between the block and the rail.

3. The engine further includes a crank mechanism including a first crankshaft and a second crankshaft, the ram moves in the first direction based on rotational motion of the first crankshaft and the second crankshaft, The manufacturing apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the second crankshaft rotates in a direction opposite to that of the first crankshaft.

4. The ram further includes a center position adjustment portion provided at a position sandwiching an area where the punch holder is attached, The manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the center position adjustment unit includes a tapered gib that displaces the punch holder in a direction perpendicular to the first direction by being displaced in the first direction.

5. a punch holder attached to the ram; The manufacturing apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the punch holder includes a scale ring that rotates about an axis parallel to the first direction to move the punch holder in the first direction.

6. A side surface of the scale ring is provided with information related to the amount of movement in the first direction, By rotating the scale ring in one direction by a predetermined scale amount, the punch holder advances in the first direction by a movement amount corresponding to the predetermined scale amount, 6. The manufacturing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the punch holder is moved backward in the first direction by a movement amount corresponding to the predetermined scale amount by rotating the scale ring in the other direction by the predetermined scale amount.

7. A die fixing portion; and a die base that holds the die via the die fixing portion, The manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the die fixing portion faces a punch holder attached to the ram and is configured with a mechanical lock.

8. a punch holder attached to the ram; and a punch knockout mechanism, one of the punch holder and the punch knockout mechanism moves with the reciprocating motion of the ram in the first direction; The manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the other of the punch holder and the punch knockout mechanism moves or stops separately from the reciprocating motion of the ram in the first direction when in a predetermined positional relationship.

9. 9. The manufacturing apparatus according to claim 8, wherein movement or stopping separate from the reciprocating motion is performed by a pinion attached to the ram, a rack of the punch knockout mechanism, and a cam attached to the holding portion and limiting a movement range of a cam follower provided on the pinion.

10. Punch and a punch fixing portion that holds the punch in a state in which an attachment position of the punch is slidable in the first direction; a punch holder to which the punch fixing portion is attached, The manufacturing apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the punch holder includes a load cell attached to the ram for measuring a pressure load applied to the punch.

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