Incineration system

Abstract

To provide an incineration system drying an incineration object according to the characteristics of the incineration object.SOLUTION: The incineration system comprises an incineration furnace 1, a cogeneration system 10 generating power using heat energy of a first heat medium heated by waste heat from the incineration furnace, a dryer 5 drying a drying object to be supplied to the incineration furnace using the heat energy of a second heat medium heated by the heat energy of the first heat medium, and an adjustment system of adjusting the temperature of the second heat medium. The adjustment system is disposed in a circulation route circulating the second heat medium between the dryer and the cogeneration system and provided with a heat exchanger 21 exchanging heat between the second heat medium and a fluid, i.e., white-smoke preventive air.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an incineration system.

Background Art

[0002] The exhaust gas of an incinerator that incinerates incineration targets such as sludge (hereinafter, also simply referred to as incineration targets) is high-temperature exhaust gas at about 800 to 900°C. Therefore, for example, an incineration system equipped with a waste heat power generation system that guides this high-temperature exhaust gas to a boiler to generate steam and rotates a generator with a steam turbine has been proposed.

[0003] And in the incineration system as described above, for example, the thermal energy recovered from the waste heat power generation system is used as a heat source for drying the incineration target before incineration (see Patent Document 1).

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] In the incineration system as described above, it is desired to dry the incineration target according to the properties of the incineration target.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] The incineration system in the present invention for achieving the above object includes an incinerator, a cogeneration system that generates electricity using the thermal energy of a first heat medium heated by the waste heat from the incinerator, a dryer that dries the object to be incinerated supplied to the incinerator using the thermal energy of a second heat medium heated by the thermal energy of the first heat medium, and an adjustment system that adjusts the temperature of the second heat medium. The adjustment system is provided in a circulation path through which the second heat medium circulates between the dryer and the cogeneration system, and includes a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the second heat medium and a fluid, and the fluid is white smoke prevention air.

Advantages of the Invention

[0007] According to the incineration system in the present invention, it becomes possible to dry the object to be incinerated according to the properties of the object to be incinerated.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0008]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0009] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, such embodiment examples do not limit the technical scope of the present invention.

[0010] [Incineration System 900 in Comparative Example] First, the incineration system 900 in the comparative example will be described. FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a configuration example of the incineration system 900 in the comparative example. Note that the arrangement positions and numbers of the following lines (pipes), pumps, etc. are examples and are not limited thereto.

[0011] As shown in FIG. 1, the incineration system 900 has, for example, an incinerator 1, a heat medium heater 2, a white smoke prevention air preheater 3, a flue gas treatment tower 4, a dryer 5, a scrubber 6, and a combined heat and power system 10.

[0012] The incinerator 1 is, for example, a fluidized incinerator for incinerating sludge. The incinerator 1 has a so-called fluidized bed 1a. The sludge to be incinerated is also called a dewatered cake. Hereinafter, the incinerator 1 will be described as a fluidized incinerator.

[0013] Specifically, the incinerator 1 incinerates the sludge S (hereinafter also referred to as dried sludge S) supplied from the dryer 5 by using the air supplied from the combustion air fan P1 via the line L11 as combustion air. The line L11 is a pipe connecting at least the combustion air fan P1 and the incinerator 1. Then, the incinerator 1 discharges the exhaust gas G (hereinafter also simply referred to as gas G) generated by incinerating the sludge S into the line L2. The line L2 is a pipe connecting at least the incinerator 1, the heat medium heater 2, the white smoke prevention air preheater 3, and the flue gas treatment tower 4 in sequence.

[0014] The heat medium heater 2 performs heat exchange between the exhaust gas G supplied from the incinerator 1 via line L2 and the fluid supplied from the cogeneration system 10 via line L31. Line L31 is a pipe connecting at least the heat medium heater 2 and the cogeneration system 10. Specifically, the heat medium heater 2 uses the exhaust gas G discharged from the incinerator 1 to raise the temperature of the fluid, and supplies the heated fluid to the cogeneration system 10. Then, the heat medium heater 2 supplies the exhaust gas G (cooled exhaust gas G) after raising the temperature of this fluid to the white smoke prevention air preheater 3 via line L2.

[0015] Hereinafter, although the fluid supplied to the cogeneration system 10 will be described as being water (steam), other types of fluids (gases or liquids) may be supplied to the cogeneration system 10.

[0016] The white smoke prevention air preheater 3 is a heat exchanger disposed downstream of the heat medium heater 2. For example, by using the thermal energy of the high-temperature exhaust gas G discharged from the incinerator 1, the air supplied from the white smoke prevention air fan P2 via line L12 is heated to generate white smoke prevention air A. The white smoke prevention air A is heated air used to prevent the water vapor in the exhaust gas G discharged from the chimney from being visible as white smoke. Also, line L12 is a pipe connecting at least the white smoke prevention air fan P2, the white smoke prevention air preheater 3, and the flue gas treatment tower 4 (the chimney of the flue gas treatment tower 4) in sequence. Note that the temperature of the white smoke prevention air A is, for example, about 100 to 200°C. Also, the temperature of the exhaust gas G that has passed through the white smoke prevention air preheater 3 is, for example, about 200°C. Then, the white smoke prevention air preheater 3 cools the exhaust gas G discharged from the incinerator 1, and supplies the cooled exhaust gas G to the flue gas treatment tower 4 via line L2.

[0017] The flue gas treatment tower 4 is disposed downstream of the white smoke prevention air preheater 3, and introduces the exhaust gas G from, for example, the lower part of the tower. Then, the flue gas treatment tower 4 contacts the exhaust gas G with water sprayed from a water spray nozzle (not shown) at the upper part, so that SO in the exhaust gas G XComponents such as HCl are removed by being contained in water. Further, a chimney for discharging the exhaust gas G cleaned in the flue gas treatment tower 4 to the atmosphere is disposed at the upper part of the flue gas treatment tower 4.

[0018] The suction machine P3 is, for example, a fan or a blower that suctions the exhaust gas G discharged from the incinerator 1 to the flue gas treatment tower 4, and sends the exhaust gas G cleaned in the flue gas treatment tower 4 to the chimney.

[0019] The cogeneration system 10 has a function of recovering the thermal energy of the fluid supplied from the heat medium heater 2 and converting it into other energy, and has, for example, an evaporator 11, a steam turbine 12, a generator 13, and a condenser 14. In the cogeneration system 10, a heat cycle such as a Rankine cycle or a Kalina cycle is formed by circulating a working medium (not shown) in the line L32. The line L32 is a pipe that sequentially connects at least the evaporator 11, the steam turbine 12, and the condenser 14, and the working medium circulates through the line L32 by a circulation pump (not shown). Hereinafter, the working medium circulating in the cogeneration system 10 (line L32) is also referred to as a first heat medium. The working medium is also called a working fluid, and is, for example, a low-boiling medium such as a refrigerant having a boiling point lower than that of water, an alternative refrigerant, ammonia, or a mixed fluid of ammonia and water, or a high-boiling medium such as oil having a boiling point higher than that of water. Note that the cogeneration system 10 may have, for example, a circulation pump (not shown) that circulates the working medium in the line L32.

[0020] The evaporator 11 evaporates the working medium by using the thermal energy of the fluid supplied from the heat medium heater 2 via the line L31.

[0021] The steam turbine 12 is rotated by the steam of the working medium generated by the evaporator 11. And the generator 13 connected to the rotating shaft of the steam turbine 12 generates electricity by the rotation of the steam turbine 12.

[0022] The condenser 14 condenses, for example, the gaseous working medium output from the steam turbine 12 by a heat medium (not shown) supplied from the dryer 5 via line L33 (hereinafter also referred to as the circulation path L33). Line L33 is a pipe connecting at least the condenser 14 and the dryer 5, and the heat medium circulates through line L33 by a circulation pump (not shown). Then, the condenser 14 supplies, for example, the condensed working medium to the evaporator 11 by a circulation pump. Hereinafter, the heat medium circulating through line L33 is also referred to as the second heat medium.

[0023] Note that the cogeneration system 10 may have, for example, a regenerator (not shown) in addition to the evaporator 11, the steam turbine 12, the generator 13, and the condenser 14. The regenerator performs heat exchange between, for example, the steam of the first heat medium output from the steam turbine 12 and the first heat medium that has been condensed by the condenser 14, heats the first heat medium supplied from the condenser 14, and then supplies it to the evaporator 11. In this case, the condenser 14 condenses the steam of the first heat medium supplied from the regenerator with the liquid second heat medium.

[0024] The dryer 5 is, for example, a steam dryer, and dries the sludge S (hereinafter also referred to as the dewatered sludge S) introduced into the machine by using the thermal energy of the gaseous second heat medium supplied from the condenser 14. Then, the dryer 5 discharges the dried sludge S (dry sludge S) to line L4 and discharges the air generated by drying the sludge S to line L13. Line L4 is a pipe connecting at least the dryer 5 and the incinerator 1. Also, line L13 is a pipe connecting at least the dryer 5, the scrubber 6, and the incinerator 1 in sequence.

[0025] The scrubber 6 removes, for example, the water vapor contained in the air supplied from the dryer 5. Then, the scrubber 6 supplies, for example, the air from which the water vapor has been removed to the incinerator 1 as combustion air by using the combustion air fan P4.

[0026] That is, when air with insufficiently removed water vapor is supplied to the incinerator 1, there may be cases where extra heat is required to raise the temperature of the incinerator 1, or where sufficient heat recovery cannot be performed in the subsequent stage of the incinerator 1 (for example, the heat medium heater 2). Therefore, in the incineration system 900, air with water vapor removed in the scrubber 6 is supplied to the incinerator 1.

[0027] Also, in the incineration system 900, the air supplied from the dryer 5 is burned in the incinerator 1 as combustion air, thereby performing a deodorization process on the air supplied from the dryer 5.

[0028] The outline of the incineration system in the first to fifth embodiments described below will be explained. As described in the comparative example, in an incineration system that uses the heat recovered from the combined heat and power system 10 as the heat source for the dryer 5, for example, when the properties of the dehydrated sludge supplied to the dryer 5 change, the amount of heat required for the dryer 5 may deviate from a predetermined heat amount range (in other words, the heat amount range assumed at the design stage).

[0029] For example, when the amount of heat required for the dryer 5 is lower than the predetermined heat amount range (in other words, when more heat than the required amount is supplied to the dryer), it is desirable to reduce the amount of heat supplied to the dryer 5 and dry the dehydrated sludge so as to suit the properties of the dehydrated sludge. This is because supplying heat in excess of the required amount to the dryer 5 may damage the dryer 5, or if the dehydrated sludge is dried too much, problems may occur in the subsequent incinerator 1.

[0030] On the other hand, when the amount of heat required for the dryer 5 is higher than the predetermined heat amount range (in other words, when less heat than the required amount is supplied to the dryer), the dehydrated sludge may not be sufficiently dried and may not be sufficiently incinerated in the subsequent incinerator 1, and a large amount of auxiliary combustion may be required.

[0031] Therefore, in the first to fifth embodiments, an incineration system that supplies optimal heat to the dryer 5 will be described.

[0032] [Incineration System 100 in the First Embodiment] Next, the incineration system 100 in the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a configuration example of the incineration system 100 in the first embodiment.

[0033] As shown in FIG. 2, the incineration system 100 includes, for example, an incinerator 1, a heat medium heater 2, a white smoke prevention air preheater 3, a flue gas treatment tower 4, a dryer 5, a scrubber 6, a cogeneration system 10, and a heat exchanger 21. Hereinafter, only the differences from the incineration system 900 in the comparative example will be described.

[0034] The heat exchanger 21 is, for example, a heat exchanger disposed on a line in line L33 that supplies a second heat medium from the dryer 5 to the condenser 14, and performs heat exchange between the second heat medium supplied from the dryer 5 and the white smoke prevention air A supplied from the white smoke prevention air preheater 3. Line L33 in the incineration system 100 is a line that connects the condenser 14, the dryer 5, and the heat exchanger 21 in sequence, and the second heat medium circulates. Then, the heat exchanger 21 supplies the second heat medium cooled by heat exchange with the white smoke prevention air A to the condenser 14.

[0035] Here, the heat exchanger 21 is provided in a circulation path (for example, line L33) in which the second heat medium circulates between the dryer 5 and the cogeneration system 10, and is a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the second heat medium and a fluid. The heat exchanger 21 functions as an adjustment system for adjusting the temperature of the second heat medium supplied to the dryer 5. This fluid is, for example, white smoke prevention air.

[0036] Since the second heat medium is cooled by the heat exchanger 21, even if the cooled second heat medium is heated by the condenser 14, the temperature of the second heat medium supplied to the dryer 5 can be lowered compared to the case where there is no heat exchanger 21 (in other words, when the second heat medium does not pass through the heat exchanger 21). As a result, it is possible to suppress the supply of heat energy exceeding the required amount to the dryer 5. Further, since the condenser 14 can cool the first heat medium of the cogeneration system 10 with the cooled second heat medium, the temperature of the first heat medium can be cooled (in other words, the first heat medium can be condensed more) compared to the case where there is no heat exchanger 21, so that the power generation efficiency of the cogeneration system 10 can be increased.

[0037] Next, a system for dynamically controlling the amount of heat supplied to the dryer 5 according to the properties of the dewatered sludge will be described. The properties of the dewatered sludge S are, for example, the water content of the dewatered sludge S, the calorific value of the organic matter contained in the dewatered sludge S, the ratio of the amount of organic matter to the amount of inorganic matter contained in the dewatered sludge S, and the like.

[0038] Line L33 is connected to a bypass line L34 (hereinafter also referred to as bypass path L34) that bypasses the heat exchanger 21. A valve V11 is attached to the bypass line L34. Further, line L33 is connected to a bypass line L35 (hereinafter also referred to as bypass path L35) that bypasses the dryer 5. A valve V12 is attached to the bypass line L35. Hereinafter, the heat exchanger 21, the bypass line L34, the bypass line L35, the valve V11, and the valve V12 are also collectively referred to as an adjustment system.

[0039] Then, the operator performs opening / closing control of at least one of the valves V11 and V12 based on the properties of the dewatered sludge S measured by, for example, an instrument (not shown) attached to the front stage of the dryer 5, thereby controlling the amount of the second heat medium supplied to the heat exchanger 21.

[0040] Specifically, it is assumed that the calorific value of the organic matter contained in the dewatered sludge S is greater than a predetermined threshold value, or the water content of the dewatered sludge S is lower than a predetermined threshold value, or the ratio of the amount of organic matter to the amount of inorganic matter in the dewatered sludge S is such that the ratio of the amount of organic matter is greater than a predetermined ratio. Hereinafter, this case will be described as having good combustion efficiency of the dewatered sludge S. When the combustion efficiency of the dewatered sludge S is good, it is not necessary to sufficiently dry the dewatered sludge S in the dryer 5.

[0041] First, for example, an operator measures the properties of the measured dewatered sludge S. Then, when the operator determines from the measurement results that the combustion efficiency of the dewatered sludge S is good (in other words, when it is not appropriate to supply all the thermal energy of the second heat medium supplied from the condenser 14 to the dryer 5 because it is not necessary to sufficiently dry the dewatered sludge S in the dryer 5), the operator performs closed control of the valve V11 to supply the second heat medium to the heat exchanger 21, transfer a part of the thermal energy of the second heat medium to the white smoke prevention air A, and reduce the amount of thermal energy supplied to the dryer 5. Further, in this case, for example, the operator performs open control of the valve V12 to further reduce the amount of thermal energy supplied to the dryer 5.

[0042] Thereby, the incineration system 100 in the present embodiment can prevent the dryer 5 from being damaged, for example, by supplying thermal energy exceeding the amount required for drying the dewatered sludge S. Further, the incineration system 100 can prevent problems from occurring in the incineration in the incinerator 1, for example, by over-drying the dewatered sludge S.

[0043] Note that the operator may perform opening and closing control of the valves V11 and V12 based on the properties of the dried sludge S measured by an instrument (not shown) attached to the subsequent stage of the dryer 5 and the front stage of the incinerator 1 (line L4).

[0044] Further, the incineration system 100 may have a control device (not shown) that controls the amount of heat energy supplied to the dryer 5 by, for example, controlling the opening and closing of valves V11 and V12. The control device is, for example, a computer having a CPU (Central Computing Unit) and a memory, etc. And the control device may automatically control the opening and closing of valves V11 and V12 based on, for example, the properties of the dewatered sludge S.

[0045] Specifically, the control device may control so that the amount of heat energy supplied to the dryer 5 decreases by, for example, performing closing control of valve V11 and opening control of valve V12 when the moisture content of the dewatered sludge S is lower than a predetermined threshold. More specifically, the control device may perform closing control of valve V11 and opening control of valve V12 so that the amount of heat energy supplied to the dryer 5 decreases as the moisture content of the dewatered sludge S decreases.

[0046] Further, the incineration system 100 may have a cooling tower (not shown) that further cools the exhaust gas G supplied from the white smoke prevention air preheater 3 between the white smoke prevention air preheater 3 and the flue gas treatment tower 4. Further, the incineration system 100 may have a dust collector (not shown) that removes (dust collection) the dust of the exhaust gas G supplied from the cooling tower between the white smoke prevention air preheater 3 and the flue gas treatment tower 4.

[0047] Also, in the above example, the case where the dryer 5 is a steam dryer and the second heat medium circulating between the dryer 5 and the condenser 14 (line L33) is, for example, water (steam) has been described, but it is not limited to this. Specifically, for example, the dryer 5 may be a heat medium oil dryer, and the heat medium oil may circulate between the dryer 5 and the condenser 14.

[0048] Also, in the above example, the case where the heat exchanger 21 is disposed on the line for supplying the second heat medium from the dryer 5 to the condenser 14 among the line L33 has been described. However, the heat exchanger 21 may be disposed on the line for supplying the second heat medium from the condenser 14 to the dryer 5 among the line L33.

[0049] [Incineration System 200 in the Second Embodiment] Next, the incineration system 200 in the second embodiment will be described. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a configuration example of the incineration system 200 in the second embodiment. Hereinafter, only the differences from the incineration system 900 in the comparative example will be described.

[0050] As shown in FIG. 3, the incineration system 200 includes, for example, an incinerator 1, a heat medium heater 2, a white smoke prevention air preheater 3, a flue gas treatment tower 4, a dryer 5, a scrubber 6, a combined heat and power system 10, and a heat exchanger 22.

[0051] The heat exchanger 22 is, for example, a heat exchanger disposed on the line for supplying the second heat medium from the condenser 14 to the dryer 5 among the line L33, and performs heat exchange between the second heat medium supplied from the condenser 14 and the exhaust gas G supplied from the heat medium heater 2. The line L33 in the incineration system 200 is a line connecting the dryer 5, the condenser 14, and the heat exchanger 22. Then, the heat exchanger 22 supplies the gaseous second heat medium heated by heat exchange with the exhaust gas G to the dryer 5.

[0052] Here, the heat exchanger 22 is provided in a circulation path (for example, the line L33) in which the second heat medium circulates between the dryer 5 and the combined heat and power system 10, and is a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the second heat medium and a fluid. The heat exchanger 21 functions as an adjustment system for adjusting the temperature of the second heat medium supplied to the dryer 5. This fluid is the exhaust gas G discharged from the incinerator 1, and this exhaust gas G is a gas that has not been dust-treated. The gas that has not been dust-treated refers to the exhaust gas on the upstream side of the arrangement position of the heat exchanger 22 in the line L2, and is a gas from which dust has not been removed by a dust collector.

[0053] When supplying exhaust gas to the dust collector, it is necessary to lower the temperature of the exhaust gas. In particular, when the dust collector is a bag filter, it is necessary to significantly lower the temperature of the exhaust gas. On the other hand, the unprocessed exhaust gas G is supplied to the heat exchanger 22. Therefore, the heat exchanger 22 can recover heat from the exhaust gas that does not experience a temperature drop when passing through the dust collector, and can raise the temperature of the second heat medium more.

[0054] Since the heat exchanger 22 raises the temperature of the second heat medium, the temperature of the second heat medium supplied to the dryer 5 can be increased compared to the case where there is no heat exchanger 22 (in other words, when the second heat medium does not pass through the heat exchanger 22). As a result, it is possible to suppress supplying less than the required amount of heat energy to the dryer 5.

[0055] Next, a system for dynamically controlling the amount of heat supplied to the dryer 5 according to the properties of the dewatered sludge will be described.

[0056] Line L33 is connected to a bypass line L36 that bypasses the heat exchanger 22. A valve V2 is attached to the bypass line L36. Hereinafter, the heat exchanger 22, the bypass line L36, and the valve V2 are also collectively referred to as an adjustment system.

[0057] Then, for example, the operator controls the opening and closing of the valve V2 based on the properties of the dewatered sludge S measured by an instrument (not shown) attached to the front stage of the dryer 5, thereby controlling the amount of the second heat medium supplied to the heat exchanger 22.

[0058] Specifically, assume a case where the calorific value of the organic matter contained in the dewatered sludge S is less than a predetermined threshold value, a case where the moisture content of the dewatered sludge S is higher than a predetermined threshold value, or a case where the ratio of the amount of organic matter to the amount of inorganic matter in the dewatered sludge S is less than a predetermined ratio. Hereinafter, in this case, it is described that the combustion efficiency of the dewatered sludge S is poor. When the combustion efficiency of the dewatered sludge S is poor, it is necessary to sufficiently dry the dewatered sludge S in the dryer 5 to suppress the deterioration of the combustion efficiency in the incinerator 1.

[0059] First, an operator measures the properties of the measured dewatered sludge S. For example, when the operator determines from the measurement results that the combustion efficiency of the dewatered sludge S is poor (in other words, when it is determined that it is appropriate to supply more thermal energy to the dryer 5 than the thermal energy possessed by the second heat medium supplied from the condenser 14 to sufficiently dry the dewatered sludge S in the dryer 5), by performing the closing control of the valve V2, the second heat medium is supplied to the heat exchanger 22 to recover the thermal energy possessed by the exhaust gas G, and in addition to the thermal energy possessed by the second heat medium supplied from the condenser 14, the thermal energy recovered from the exhaust gas G is supplied to the dryer 5.

[0060] More specifically, for example, when the moisture content of the measured dewatered sludge S is higher than a predetermined threshold value, the operator performs the closing control of the valve V2.

[0061] Thereby, the incineration system 200 in the present embodiment can prevent, for example, the incineration of the dewatered sludge S in the incinerator 1 from becoming insufficient due to the fact that the amount of thermal energy required for drying the dewatered sludge S is not supplied to the dryer 5. Further, the incineration system 200 can prevent, for example, an increase in the fuel used for incinerating the dewatered sludge S due to the fact that the amount of thermal energy required for drying the dewatered sludge S is not supplied to the dryer 5.

[0062] Note that the operator may perform the opening / closing control of the valve V2 based on the properties of the dried sludge S measured by an instrument (not shown) attached to the post-stage of the dryer 5 and the pre-stage (line L4) of the incinerator 1.

[0063] Further, the incineration system 200 may have a control device (not shown) that controls the amount of thermal energy supplied to the dryer 5 by performing the opening / closing control of the valve V2. And the control device may automatically perform the opening / closing control of the valve V2 based on the properties of the dewatered sludge S, for example.

[0064] Specifically, for example, when the moisture content of the dewatered sludge S is higher than a predetermined threshold value, the control device may perform control to increase the amount of thermal energy supplied to the dryer 5 by performing closing control of the valve V2. More specifically, the control device may perform closing control of the valve V2 such that the amount of thermal energy supplied to the dryer 5 increases as the moisture content of the dewatered sludge S increases.

[0065] Also, in the above example, the case where the dryer 5 is a steam dryer and the second heat medium circulating between the dryer 5 and the condenser 14 (line L33) is, for example, water (steam) has been described, but it is not limited to this. Specifically, for example, the dryer 5 may be a heat medium oil dryer, and the heat medium oil may circulate between the dryer 5 and the condenser 14.

[0066] Also, in the above example, the case where the heat exchanger 22 is arranged on the line for supplying the second heat medium from the condenser 14 to the dryer 5 among the line L33 has been described, but the heat exchanger 22 may be arranged on the line for supplying the second heat medium from the dryer 5 to the condenser 14 among the line L33.

[0067] [Incineration System 300 in the Third Embodiment] Next, the incineration system 300 in the third embodiment will be described. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a configuration example of the incineration system 300 in the third embodiment. Hereinafter, only the points different from the incineration system 900 in the comparative example, the incineration system 100 in the first embodiment, and the incineration system 200 in the second embodiment will be described.

[0068] As shown in FIG. 4, the incineration system 300 includes, for example, an incinerator 1, a heat medium heater 2, a white smoke prevention air preheater 3, a flue gas treatment tower 4, a dryer 5, a scrubber 6, a cogeneration system 10, a heat exchanger 21, and a heat exchanger 22.

[0069] The incineration system 300 has both the heat exchanger 21 of the incineration system 100 (first embodiment) and the heat exchanger 22 of the incineration system 200 (second embodiment).

[0070] Accordingly, when it is determined from the properties of the dewatered sludge S that it is not necessary to sufficiently dry the dewatered sludge S, the incineration system 300 in the present embodiment can reduce the amount of thermal energy supplied to the dryer 5 by controlling the opening and closing of the valves V11 and V12. When it is determined from the properties of the dewatered sludge S that it is necessary to sufficiently dry the dewatered sludge S, the incineration system 300 can increase the amount of thermal energy supplied to the dryer 5 by controlling the opening and closing of the valve V2.

[0071] Specifically, in the incineration system 300 in the present embodiment, for example, when it is determined from the measured properties of the dewatered sludge S that it is not necessary to sufficiently dry the dewatered sludge S in the dryer 5 and it is not appropriate to supply all the thermal energy of the second heat medium supplied from the condenser 14 to the dryer 5, the closing control of the valve V11, the opening control of the valve V12, and the opening control of the valve V2 are performed. On the other hand, in the incineration system 300, for example, when it is determined from the measured properties of the dewatered sludge S that it is necessary to sufficiently dry the dewatered sludge S in the dryer 5 and it is appropriate to supply more thermal energy to the dryer 5 than the thermal energy of the second heat medium supplied from the condenser 14, the opening control of the valve V11, the closing control of the valve V12, and the closing control of the valve V2 are performed.

[0072] [Incineration System 400 in the Fourth Embodiment] Next, the incineration system 400 in the fourth embodiment will be described. FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a configuration example of the incineration system 400 in the fourth embodiment. Hereinafter, only the differences from the incineration system 100 in the first embodiment will be described.

[0073] As shown in FIG. 5, the incineration system 400 includes, for example, an incinerator 1, a white smoke prevention air preheater 3, a flue gas treatment tower 4, a dryer 5, a scrubber 6, a cogeneration system 10, and a heat exchanger 21.

[0074] The cogeneration system 10 has a function of recovering the thermal energy of the exhaust gas G discharged from the incinerator 1 and converting it into other energy. For example, it includes an evaporator 11, a steam turbine 12, a generator 13, and a condenser 14.

[0075] Then, the evaporator 11 evaporates the working medium by using the thermal energy of the exhaust gas G supplied from the incinerator 1 via line L2. After that, the evaporator 11 supplies the exhaust gas G to the white smoke prevention air preheater 3.

[0076] That is, in the incineration system 400 of the present embodiment, for example, instead of using a heat exchanger (the heat medium heater 2 in the incineration system 100) for performing heat exchange between the exhaust gas G supplied from the incinerator 1 via line L2 and the fluid for supplying thermal energy to the cogeneration system 10, the exhaust gas G discharged from the incinerator 1 is directly supplied to the evaporator 11, and the first heat medium in the cogeneration system 10 is directly heated by the thermal energy of the exhaust gas G.

[0077] That is, the evaporator 11 directly heats and evaporates the first heat medium by the thermal energy of the exhaust gas from the incinerator 1 without the intervention of another heat medium. In other words, in the incineration system 400 of the present embodiment, the thermal energy of the exhaust gas G is directly recovered by the evaporator 11 without passing through the heat medium heater 2 in the incineration system 100, and the recovered thermal energy is supplied to the first heat medium.

[0078] Thereby, in the incineration system 400 of the present embodiment, it is possible to reduce the number of heat exchangers and reduce the loss of thermal energy due to heat exchange in the heat exchanger. Therefore, in the incineration system 400 of the present embodiment, it is possible to increase the power generation amount in the cogeneration system 10.

[0079] In the above example, a waste incineration system (waste incineration system 400) in which the heat medium heater 2 is not arranged for the waste incineration system 100 (the first embodiment) has been described. However, a waste incineration system in which the heat medium heater 2 is not arranged for the waste incineration system 200 (the second embodiment) or a waste incineration system in which the heat medium heater 2 is not arranged for the waste incineration system 300 (the third embodiment) may also be used.

[0080] [Waste Incineration System 500 in the Fifth Embodiment] Next, the waste incineration system 500 in the fifth embodiment will be described. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a configuration example of the waste incineration system 500 in the fifth embodiment. Hereinafter, only the differences from the waste incineration system 400 in the fourth embodiment will be described.

[0081] As shown in FIG. 6, the waste incineration system 500 includes, for example, an incinerator 1, a white smoke prevention air preheater 3, a flue gas treatment tower 4, a dryer 5, a scrubber 6, a cogeneration system 10, and a heat exchanger 21.

[0082] The cogeneration system 10 in the present embodiment generates electricity by the thermal energy of the first heat medium directly or indirectly heated by the waste heat from the incinerator 1. Here, the indirect heating means heating the first heat medium with the waste heat from the incinerator 1 by using another heat exchanger (for example, the heat medium heater 2 in FIG. 2) as described in FIG. 2. Specifically, the cogeneration system 10 has a function of recovering the thermal energy of the exhaust gas G discharged from the incinerator 1 and converting it into other energy, and includes, for example, an evaporator 11, a steam turbine 12, and a generator 13. And the cogeneration system 10 in the present embodiment forms a heat cycle such as a Rankine cycle or a Kalina cycle by circulating a working medium (not shown) in the line L32 (hereinafter also referred to as the circulation path L32). The line L32 in the present embodiment is a pipe connecting at least the evaporator 11, the steam turbine 12, the dryer 5, and the heat exchanger 21 in sequence.

[0083] That is, in the incineration system 500 in the present embodiment, instead of the cogeneration system 10 having a condenser, the dryer 5 is made to function as a condenser by directly supplying the first heat medium to the dryer 5.

[0084] Thereby, in the incineration system 500 in the present embodiment, it becomes possible to further suppress the number of heat exchangers to be arranged, and it becomes possible to further reduce the loss of thermal energy due to heat exchange in the heat exchanger. Therefore, in the incineration system 500 in the present embodiment, it becomes possible to further increase the power generation amount in the cogeneration system 10.

[0085] Further, in the incineration system 500 in the present embodiment, for example, since the second heat medium used in the incineration system 100 becomes unnecessary, it becomes possible to reduce the power required for the circulation of the second heat medium.

[0086] In the incineration system 500 in the present embodiment, similar to the case of the incineration system 100, a steam dryer or a heat medium oil dryer may be used as the dryer 5. And in the incineration system 500 in the present embodiment, for example, when a steam dryer is used as the dryer 5, a waste heat boiler may be used as the evaporator 11, and water may be used as the first heat medium circulating in the line L32.

[0087] Also, in the above example, the incineration system (incineration system 500) in which the heat medium heater 2 and the condenser 14 are not arranged with respect to the incineration system 100 (the first embodiment) has been described. However, an incineration system in which the heat medium heater 2 and the condenser 14 are not arranged with respect to the incineration system 200 (the second embodiment) or an incineration system in which the heat medium heater 2 and the condenser 14 are not arranged with respect to the incineration system 300 (the third embodiment) may also be used.

[0088] In the present invention described above, for example, based on the properties of the dehydrated sludge S, by adjusting the amount of the first heat medium supplied to the heat exchanger 21 or the heat exchanger 22, it becomes possible to control the amount of heat energy supplied to the dryer 5, and it becomes possible to perform drying according to the properties of the dehydrated sludge S in the dryer 5. Therefore, in the present invention, it is possible to prevent problems from occurring in the incineration of the dehydrated sludge S in the incinerator 1 due to an excess or deficiency in the drying of the dehydrated sludge S in the dryer 5.

[0089] Note that the dryer 5 may be a hot air dryer or a band dryer. When the dryer 5 is a hot air dryer or a band dryer, a drying air fan for discharging the drying air supplied to the dryer 5 and a heat exchanger are provided separately.

[0090] In the first to fourth embodiments, this heat exchanger exchanges heat between the drying air discharged by the drying air fan and the second heat medium to raise the temperature of the drying air. Further, the line L33 is arranged so that the second heat medium circulates between the cogeneration system 10 and this heat exchanger.

[0091] In the fifth embodiment, this heat exchanger exchanges heat between the drying air discharged by the drying air fan and the first heat medium to raise the temperature of the drying air. Further, the line L32 is a pipe that sequentially connects at least the evaporator 11, the steam turbine 12, the heat exchanger 21, and this heat exchanger provided separately, and the first heat medium circulates through the line L32 by a circulation pump (not shown).

[0092] The dryer 5 dries the sludge with the heated drying air. The dryer 5 may supply all of the dried drying air to the incinerator 1, or may supply a part of the dried drying air to the incinerator 1 and supply the other dried drying air to the primary side of the drying air fan.

Explanation of Reference Numerals

[0093] 1: Incinerator 1a: Fluidized bed 2: Heat medium heater 3: White smoke prevention air preheater 4: Exhaust heat treatment tower 5: Dryer 6: Scrubber 10: Cogeneration System 11: Evaporator 12: Steam Turbine 13: Generator 14: Condenser 100: Incineration System 200: Incineration System A: White Smoke Prevention Air G: Exhaust Gas L1: Line L2: Line L11: Line L12: Line L13: Line L31: Line L32: Line L33: Line L34: Bypass Line L35: Bypass Line L36: Bypass Line P1: Combustion Air Fan P2: White Smoke Prevention Air Fan P3: Inducer P4: Combustion Air Fan S: Sludge V11: Valve V12: Valve V2: Valve

Claims

1. An incinerator, A cogeneration system for generating electricity using thermal energy of a first heat medium heated by waste heat from the incinerator; A dryer that dries the material to be incinerated to be supplied to the incinerator by the thermal energy of a second heat medium heated by the thermal energy of the first heat medium; and an adjustment system for adjusting the temperature of the second heat medium; The adjustment system includes a heat exchanger that is provided in a circulation path in which the second heat medium circulates between the dryer and the cogeneration system and exchanges heat between the second heat medium and a fluid; 1. An incineration system, wherein the fluid is white smoke prevention air.

2. An incinerator, A cogeneration system for generating electricity using thermal energy of a first heat medium heated by waste heat from the incinerator; A dryer that dries the material to be incinerated to be supplied to the incinerator by the thermal energy of a second heat medium heated by the thermal energy of the first heat medium; and an adjustment system for adjusting the temperature of the second heat medium; The adjustment system includes a heat exchanger that is provided in a circulation path in which the second heat medium circulates between the dryer and the cogeneration system, and exchanges heat between the second heat medium and a fluid, and a bypass path that bypasses the heat exchanger in the circulation path; An incineration system, wherein the fluid is smoke-prevention air or untreated gas exhausted from the incinerator.

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