Heating transfer device for high-temperature fluid, and heater for high-temperature fluid

Abstract

To provide a heating transfer device for a high-temperature fluid, which has a double pipe structure and which can be miniaturized without use of a special member while securing high safety, and a heater for the high-temperature fluid.SOLUTION: A heating transfer device has a double pipe structure comprising an inner tube or a heating tube, through which a high-temperature fluid flows internally, and an outer tube or a pressure-proof housing, which runs inert gas while providing a heat insulation layer in a space formed by surrounding them. The heating transfer device comprises means for measuring pressure of the high-temperature fluid and the inert gas, pressure control means for controlling them to approximately equal pressure, and inner and outer channel damage detection means for detecting damage on the basis of the result of pressure measurement.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a high-temperature fluid heating and transfer device and a high-temperature fluid heating device, and more particularly to a high-temperature fluid heating and transfer device and a high-temperature fluid heating device having a double-pipe structure that can heat and transfer high-temperature fluid while ensuring high safety. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, efforts to combat global warming have been made to improve energy efficiency and switch to fuels with lower carbon dioxide emissions. Against this background, there is a demand for the transfer of even higher temperature fluids in order to improve energy efficiency in the field of high-temperature fluid transfer.

[0003] High-temperature fluids handled industrially often contain chemicals that are harmful to the environment and human body (liquids or gases such as toxic substances and environmentally destructive substances) and flammable hazardous materials (combustible materials such as fuel oil and fuel gas). Meanwhile, when transporting high-temperature fluids through piping, there is a risk of equipment problems, such as holes due to high-temperature corrosion in the piping walls and high-temperature creep rupture of the piping walls due to the pressure difference between the high-pressure fluid and the external environment. However, it is undesirable for such equipment problems to immediately release harmful and dangerous internal fluids to the outside.

[0004] To address these issues, Patent Document 1, for example, proposes a high-temperature fluid piping structure for preventing high-temperature corrosion of the inner wall surface of a piping system carrying high-temperature and high-pressure fluids by suppressing the temperature rise of the piping and reducing thermal expansion or alleviating constraints on the thermal expansion, thereby reducing thermal stress. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 9 , the piping system includes a heat-resistant pipe 30 through which the high-temperature fluid flows, a thermal insulation layer 32 covering the outer periphery of the heat-resistant pipe 30, and a pressure-resistant pipe 34 surrounding the thermal insulation layer 32 and sealing the fluid. As a result, heat from the high-temperature fluid flowing through the heat-resistant pipe 30 is insulated by the thermal insulation layer 32, which is filled between the outer periphery of the heat-resistant pipe 30 and the inner periphery of the pressure-resistant pipe 34. This significantly reduces the temperature of the pressure-resistant pipe 34, which constitutes the outer shell, and reduces the thermal expansion of the piping. The pressure-resistant pipe 34, which constitutes the outer shell, is connected longitudinally at a flange 37 with bolts or the like. Furthermore, one end of the heat-resistant pipe 30 is fixed to the inner periphery of one end of the pressure-resistant pipe 34 via a first support member 35, and the other end of the heat-resistant pipe 30 is attached to the inner periphery of the pressure-resistant pipe 34 via a second support member 36 so as to be immobile in the radial direction but movable in the longitudinal direction. This allows the heat-resistant pipe 30 to expand due to heat without being restrained at the free end, significantly reducing the thermal stress caused by the restraint of such thermal expansion and preventing piping damage due to such thermal stress. Furthermore, the interiors of the heat-insulating layers 32, 33 and the heat-resistant pipe 30 are connected by a large number of small holes 31 drilled in the heat-resistant pipe 30, so that the pressures in both spaces are balanced and the pressure in the heat-insulating layers 32, 33 does not become excessive.

[0005] Furthermore, Patent Document 2 discloses an invention relating to a high-temperature gas turbine exhaust duct, in which the duct has a double structure, and which can prevent combustion gas from leaking to the outside even if a crack occurs. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 10 , a gas turbine 40 includes a compressor 41 and a turbine section 42. High-temperature combustion gas flows from an exhaust duct system 50 to a heat recovery steam generator, with a portion flowing out through a bypass stack 54. The exhaust duct system 50 has a double structure consisting of an inner duct 51 and an outer duct 52. Cooling air flows through a gap 53 between the two ducts from the compressor 41 via an air pipe 43 or from a fan 44 via an air pipe 45 via a cooling air supply port 46, thereby cooling the exhaust duct. In the exhaust duct system 50, the inner duct 51 of the double structure serves as a heat-resistant duct, and the outer duct 52 serves as a pressure-resistant duct. For example, even if the inner duct 51 is thermally deformed, this is absorbed by the support member for the outer duct 52, and even if a crack occurs in the inner duct 51 and some gas leaks, it is protected by the cooling air and the outer duct 52 and does not leak outside.

[0006] Patent Document 3 discloses an invention related to a compact electromagnetic induction heating device capable of improving fluid heating efficiency and heating high-pressure fluids. Specifically, the electromagnetic induction heating device has a configuration as shown in FIG. 11. A cylindrical insulating member 62 is surrounded by a bottomed cylindrical container 60, an outer shell member consisting of a cylindrical wall portion 60a and a bottom wall portion 60b, and a base 61, also an outer shell member, except for an outlet opening 62e, which serves as the fluid outlet for the cylindrical insulating member 62. The outer shell member also has an inlet 61a for introducing fluid into the outer shell member, located closer to the outlet opening 62e than the inlet opening 62i, which serves as the fluid inlet for the cylindrical insulating member 62. Furthermore, an induction heating coil 64 is wound around the outer periphery of the cylindrical insulating member 62, and a heating magnetic body 63 is disposed inside the cylindrical insulating member 62, forming a flow path. The invention described in this document, which has such a configuration, is said to primarily achieve the following effects. That is, (1) the heating efficiency is high because the heated fluid is heated in two stages, in the annular space and the cylindrical space, and (2) because the annular space and the cylindrical space form a common space, there is no pressure difference between the two spaces, and no stress is generated in the cylindrical insulating member, so that damage such as cracks does not occur. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 11-304085 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 11-013483 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2018-085226 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] However, the invention described in Patent Document 1 requires drilling numerous small holes 31 in the heat-resistant tube 30 to balance the pressure between the interior of the thermal insulation layers 32 and 33 and the interior of the heat-resistant tube 30, which prevents leakage of environmentally harmful or dangerous internal fluids if the pressure-resistant tube 34 is damaged. The invention described in Patent Document 2 uses a double-walled inner duct 51 for heat resistance and an outer duct 52 for pressure resistance, but does not achieve pressure balance on both sides of the inner duct 51. This leaves room for improvement in preventing duct wall rupture and internal fluid leakage. The invention described in Patent Document 3 is a heating device with a double-walled structure that eliminates the pressure difference between the annular space and the cylinder space to prevent stress from being generated in the inner tube. However, like the invention described in Patent Document 1, it does not prevent leakage of environmentally harmful or dangerous internal fluids due to damage to the outer shell. The invention described in Patent Document 3 is a fluid heating device, not a fluid heating and transfer device.

[0009] As described above, Patent Documents 1 to 3 do not provide sufficient solutions to equipment troubles during piping transfer of high-temperature fluids, such as perforation of piping walls due to high-temperature corrosion and high-temperature creep rupture of piping walls due to internal and external pressure differences, and the associated leakage of internal fluids that are harmful or dangerous to the environment. Furthermore, it is desirable to be able to detect equipment troubles and internal fluid leakage problems such as those described above before they lead to equipment shutdowns or the occurrence of human damage, or at an early stage of the occurrence of the trouble, but Patent Documents 1 to 3 do not describe any measures for such detection. In addition, generally, high-temperature fluid heating devices and high-temperature fluid heating and transfer devices that have strict internal fluid leakage prevention measures, including heat resistance and pressure resistance, tend to be large in size and often have the problem of being expensive because they use special components.

[0010] In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a double-pipe structured high-temperature fluid heating and transfer device and a high-temperature fluid heating device that can be miniaturized without using special components while ensuring high safety. [Means for solving the problem]

[0011] [1] A heating and transferring device for a high-temperature fluid, comprising a piping transfer section that transfers a high-temperature fluid through a piping, and a fluid heating section that heats the high-temperature fluid in a part of the entire transfer section of the high-temperature fluid, (a) The piping transfer section is (a1) an inner tube through which the high-temperature fluid flows; (a2) an outer tube that surrounds the inner tube from the outside to form an annular space and through which an inert gas flows; (a3) a heat insulating layer covering the outer circumferential surface of the inner pipe in the annular space; Equipped with (b) the fluid heating unit (b1) one or more heating pipes that communicate with the inner pipe of the piping transfer section and that allow the high-temperature fluid to flow therethrough for heating; (b2) a pressure-resistant housing that surrounds the heating pipe from the outside to form a buffer space and communicates the buffer space with the annular space of the piping transfer section to allow the inert gas to flow; (b3) a heat insulating layer is provided in the buffer space, covering any one of an outer circumferential surface of the one heating pipe, the outside of the assembly of the plurality of heating pipes, or an inner circumferential surface of the pressure-resistant casing, or a combination thereof, (c) the heating and transferring device includes: (c1) a pressure measuring means for measuring the internal pressure of each of the inner tube, the annular space, the heating tube, and the buffer space; (c2) a pressure control means for controlling the internal pressures between the inner pipe and the annular space of the piping transfer section and between the heating pipe and the buffer space of the fluid heating section to be approximately equal pressures based on the measurement results by the pressure measurement means; (c3) an inner / outer flow path damage detection means for detecting damage to the inner pipe, the outer pipe, the heating pipe, or the pressure-resistant casing based on the measurement result by the pressure measurement means; and / or (c4) a gas concentration measuring means for measuring the concentration of a gas component derived from the high-temperature fluid in the annular space of the piping transfer section or the buffer space of the fluid heating section; (c5) an internal flow path damage detection means for detecting damage to the inner tube or the heating tube based on the measurement result by the gas concentration measurement means; Equipment for heating and transferring high-temperature fluids.

[0012] [2] The heating and transferring device for high-temperature fluids described in [1], wherein the pressure control range by the pressure control means is a ratio of the internal pressure of the annular space to the internal pressure of the inner tube of the piping transfer section of 0.25 or more and 1.5 or less, and a ratio of the internal pressure of the buffer space to the internal pressure of the heating tube of the fluid heating section of 0.25 or more and 1.5 or less.

[0013] [3] A heating device for a high-temperature fluid, comprising one or more heating pipes through which a high-temperature fluid flows and is heated, and a pressure-resistant housing that surrounds the heating pipes from the outside to form a buffer space and through which an inert gas flows, (d) In the buffer space, a heat insulating layer is (d1) the outer peripheral surface of the one heating tube or the outside of the assembly of the plurality of heating tubes, or (d2) the inner peripheral surface of the pressure-resistant housing; and the insulating layer is disposed so as to cover any one of the above or a combination of the above. (e) the heating device includes: (e1) a pressure measuring means for measuring the internal pressure of each of the heating tube and the buffer space; (e2) a pressure control means for controlling the internal pressure of the heating tube and the internal pressure of the buffer space to be substantially equal pressures based on the measurement result by the pressure measurement means; (e3) an inner / outer flow path damage detection means for detecting damage to the heating pipe or the pressure-resistant casing based on a measurement result by the pressure measurement means, and / or (e4) a gas concentration measuring means for measuring the concentration of a gas component derived from the high-temperature fluid in the buffer space; (e5) an internal flow path damage detection means for detecting damage to the heating tube based on the measurement result by the gas concentration measurement means; High-temperature fluid heating equipment.

[0014] [4] The high-temperature fluid heating device according to [3], wherein the pressure control range by the pressure control means is a ratio of the internal pressure of the buffer space to the internal pressure of the heating tube of 0.25 or more and 1.5 or less. [Effects of the Invention]

[0015] According to the present invention, by using a double-pipe structure consisting of an outer pipe or pressure-resistant casing through which an inert gas flows around an inner pipe or heating pipe through which a high-temperature fluid flows, it is possible to provide a high-temperature fluid heating and transfer device and a high-temperature fluid heating device that can be miniaturized without using special components while ensuring high safety. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0016] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a section of a high-temperature fluid heating and transferring device according to an embodiment of the present invention, the section including both a piping transfer section and a fluid heating section, taken along the flow path direction; [Figure 2] 2 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional view of the piping transfer section of FIG. 1 taken at the center in the longitudinal direction. FIG. [Figure 3] 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating a vertical cross-sectional view along a flow path direction of a heating device for a high-temperature fluid according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a modification of the heating device for high-temperature fluid according to the embodiment of the present invention, showing the central part of the device. [Figure 5] FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically illustrating another modified example of the heating device for high-temperature fluid according to the embodiment of the present invention, in a plan view of the heating pipe portion and a vertical cross-sectional view of the remaining portion. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view taken along the flow path direction of yet another modified example of the heating device for high-temperature fluid according to the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view taken along the flow path direction of yet another modified example of the heating device for high-temperature fluid according to the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view taken along the flow path direction of yet another modified example of the heating device for high-temperature fluid according to the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view taken along the flow path direction of a piping structure for high-temperature fluid according to a conventional technique. [Figure 10] FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating an overall configuration of a gas turbine exhaust duct according to a conventional technique, including a partial longitudinal cross-sectional view. [Figure 11] FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view taken along the flow path direction of an electromagnetic induction heating device according to a conventional technique. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0017] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the embodiments shown below, the same or common parts are designated by the same reference numerals in the drawings, and their description will not be repeated. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0018] (High-temperature fluid heating and transfer device) Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a vertical cross-sectional view of a section of a heating and transferring device 1 for a high-temperature fluid according to an embodiment of the present invention, the section including both a piping transfer section 1a and a fluid heating section 1b, along the flow path direction. Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the piping transfer section 1a of Fig. 1, taken at the center in the longitudinal direction. Hereinafter, a heating and transferring device 1 for a high-temperature fluid (also simply referred to as the heating and transferring device 1) according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0019] As shown in FIG. 1 , a high-temperature fluid heating and transfer device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a piping transfer section 1a that transfers high-temperature fluid F through a piping system and a fluid heating section 1b that heats the high-temperature fluid F in a portion of the entire transfer section of the high-temperature fluid F. In this embodiment, the entire length of the fluid flow path of the heating and transfer device 1 is formed by connecting multiple units, each unit consisting of one section of the piping transfer section 1a or one section of the fluid heating section 1b, according to the length of the flow path. Thus, in this embodiment, by providing the fluid heating section 1b in a portion of the section, even if the temperature of the high-temperature fluid F does not reach a predetermined temperature before receipt, the fluid heating section 1b can be used to raise the temperature to the predetermined temperature during piping transfer. Furthermore, in this embodiment, even if a temperature fluctuation, such as a drop in the temperature of the high-temperature fluid F, occurs during piping transfer, the fluid heating section 1b can be used to restore or maintain the predetermined temperature.

[0020] In this embodiment, the piping transfer section 1a and the fluid heating section 1b are connected to each other to transfer high-temperature fluid, and therefore have similar configurations. That is, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the piping transfer section 1a comprises (a1) an inner pipe 4 through which a high-temperature fluid F flows, (a2) an outer pipe 12 that surrounds the inner pipe 4 from the outside to form an annular space 16 through which an inert gas G flows, and (a3) an insulating layer 18 that covers the outer surface of the inner pipe 4 in the annular space 16.

[0021] 1 and 2, the fluid heating unit 1b according to this embodiment includes (b1) one or more heating pipes 4c that communicate with the inner pipe 4 of the piping transfer unit 1a and through which a high-temperature fluid F flows for heating. The fluid heating unit 1b also includes (b2) a pressure-resistant housing 12c that surrounds the heating pipes 4c from the outside to form a buffer space 16c and communicates the buffer space 16c with the annular space 16 of the piping transfer unit 1a through which an inert gas G flows. The fluid heating unit 1b also includes (b3) a heat insulating layer 18 that covers either the outer peripheral surface of one heating pipe 4c, the outside of the assembly of the multiple heating pipes 4c, or the inner peripheral surface of the pressure-resistant housing 12c in the buffer space 16c, or any combination thereof.

[0022] The insulating layer 18 according to this embodiment is disposed in the annular space 16 of the piping transfer section 1a and the buffer space 16c of the fluid heating section 1b to protect the outer pipe 12, the pressure-resistant housing 12c, the induction heating coil, and the like from high-temperature heat sources such as the inner pipe 4, the heating pipe 4c, and the radiant heat source. The location of the insulating layer 18 is appropriately selected so as to be between the heat source and the object to be protected (see FIGS. 1 to 8). Examples of insulating materials that form the insulating layer 18 include, but are not limited to, well-known, breathable insulating materials such as low-thermal-conductivity ceramic fiber. When low-thermal-conductivity ceramic fiber is used as the insulating material, it is preferable because the inert gas G can be flowed into the annular space 16 or the buffer space 16c even if the insulating layer 18 is disposed so as to fill the entire annular space 16 or the buffer space 16c.

[0023] In the fluid heating unit 1b according to this embodiment, the heating means for heating the heating tube 4c is preferably either electric heating or radiant heating of the heating tube 4c from a radiant tube burner 28 provided in the buffer space 16c. These heating means are preferable because they do not contaminate the atmosphere of the inert gas G flowing through the annular space 16 or the buffer space 16c. Examples of electric heating include electrical heating by directly applying electricity from an external power source 6 to the electrically conductive heating tube 4c, induction heating by an induction heating coil 26 of the electrically conductive heating tube 4c, or radiant heating of the heating tube 4c from an electric heating wire heater 27 provided in the buffer space 16c. Details of each of the above heating means will be described later in conjunction with the description of the high-temperature fluid heating device 2.

[0024] In the piping transfer section 1a according to this embodiment, the joints 9 connecting the inner pipes 4 may be known joints, for example, as shown in Fig. 1. In order to absorb the difference in the amount of thermal expansion and contraction between the inner pipe 4 and the outer pipe 12 in the flow path direction, it is preferable that some or all of the joints 9 be known expansion joints.

[0025] In the piping transfer section 1a according to this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 , it is preferable that inner pipe support members 10 are arranged at multiple locations around the circumference of the annular space 16 between the inner pipe 4 and the outer pipe 12 to maintain a substantially uniform radial spacing at any circumferential position. These inner pipe support members 10 are preferably arranged on the upstream and downstream sides of one section of the heated transfer device 1, since this maintains a substantially uniform radial spacing in the annular space 16 in the flow path direction. Furthermore, it is preferable that the inner pipe support member 10 is fixed to either the inner pipe 4 or the outer pipe 12 by welding or the like, and is only in contact with the other without being fixed by welding or the like, allowing it to slide in the flow path direction. This allows relative movement between the inner pipe 4 and the outer pipe 12 due to differences in thermal expansion and contraction in the flow path direction, preventing damage to the inner pipe support member 10. However, it is preferable that at least one inner pipe support member 10 between the expansion joints provided before and after the flow path direction is fixed to both the inner pipe 4 and the outer pipe 12 by welding or the like. This makes it possible to obtain the effects of the multiple expansion joints provided over the entire length in the flow path direction approximately equally in each of the expansion joints.

[0026] In the fluid heating section 1b, in the case of electrical heating, the heating pipe 4c is preferably electrically insulated from the surroundings by using an insulating joint (insulating expansion joint) 9c and an insulating inner pipe support member 10c with an internal electrical insulating member, as shown in Fig. 1. Furthermore, the heating pipe 4c may be connected to the inner pipe support member 10 and the joint (expansion joint) 9, which do not have electrical insulation on their own, or to the surroundings beyond, via an electrical insulating member.

[0027] The outer pipe 12 or the pressure-resistant housing 12c is connected to each other by a known flange connection using a flange 14, since the insulating layer 18 almost completely isolates the high-temperature fluid in the inner pipe 4 or the heating pipe 4c, and there is almost no problem with thermal expansion. In addition, in the case of electrical heating, the heating pipe 4c is electrically insulated from its surroundings.

[0028] The heat transfer device 1 preferably includes a high-temperature fluid supply / discharge means for supplying and discharging high-temperature fluid F to the inner tube 4 and the heating tube 4c, and an inert gas supply / discharge means for supplying and discharging inert gas G to the annular space 16 and the buffer space 16c independently of the high-temperature fluid F. The high-temperature fluid supply / discharge means may be a known high-temperature fluid supply / discharge means including a fluid tank, a fluid heating device, a pressure-regulating valve, piping, a supply / discharge header, etc., and a detailed description thereof will be omitted. The inert gas supply / discharge means may be a known gas supply / discharge means including a gas tank, a pressure-regulating valve, piping, a supply / discharge header, etc., and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0029] In this embodiment, inert gas G flows through the annular space 16 (a2) and the buffer space 16c (b2) independently of and at approximately the same pressure as the high-temperature fluid F. As a result, even if the high-temperature fluid F in the inner tube 4 or the heating tube 4c leaks into the annular space 16 or the buffer space 16c, its concentration can be diluted with the inert gas G, and the double-tube structure prevents direct leakage to the external environment. Even if both the outer tube 12 or the pressure-resistant housing 12c on the outside of the double-tube and the inner tube 4 or the heating tube 4c on the inside of the double-tube are damaged, the inert gas G on the outside will be the main component leaking to the external environment, minimizing damage compared to direct leakage of the high-temperature fluid F on the inside. While the inert gas G is not particularly limited, nitrogen gas is preferred because it is inexpensive and, being a constituent gas of the atmosphere, is unlikely to cause environmental problems on its own.

[0030] The heated transfer device 1 according to this embodiment also includes (c1) pressure measurement means for measuring the internal pressure of each of the inner tube 4, the annular space 16, the heated tube 4c, and the buffer space 16c (see the high-temperature fluid pressure gauge 22 and the inert gas pressure gauge 23 in FIG. 1). The pressure measurement means here may be a known pressure gauge such as a Bourdon tube pressure gauge or a diaphragm pressure gauge, and a known pressure measurement value calculation processing device, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. Note that the placement of the pressure gauges in the piping transfer section 1a is preferably determined taking into consideration that the detection accuracy of the internal and external flow path damage detection (described later) depends on the placement interval of the pressure gauges in the piping transfer direction.

[0031] The heated transfer device 1 also includes a pressure control unit (c2) that controls the internal pressures between the inner pipe 4 of the piping transfer section 1a and the annular space 16, and between the heated pipe 4c of the fluid heating section 1b and the buffer space 16c, to be approximately equal based on the results of measurements by the pressure measurement unit. In this embodiment, this pressure control reduces the internal and external pressure difference of the inner pipe 4 or the heated pipe 4c, suppressing the hoop stress of the inner pipe 4 or the heated pipe 4c, thereby preventing deformation and damage to the inner pipe 4 or the heated pipe 4c and further preventing leakage of the high-temperature fluid F. It is assumed that the pressures of the high-temperature fluid F and the inert gas G are both pressurized to approximately 0.5 MPa in gauge pressure. The pressure control unit may be a known unit including a control device that controls a pressure pump, a pressure adjustment valve, a control valve, etc. for the high-temperature fluid F and the inert gas G based on a predetermined pressure setting and the pressure measurement results of (c1), and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0032] Furthermore, the heated transfer device 1 according to this embodiment includes (c3) an internal / external flow path damage detection means for detecting damage to the inner tube 4, the outer tube 12, the heating tube 4c, or the pressure-resistant housing 12c based on the measurement results of the pressure measurement means. The internal / external flow path damage detection means may be a known arithmetic processing device that uses the pressure measurement results of (c1), but a detailed description thereof will be omitted. Regarding the detection pattern of internal / external flow path damage, for example, if there is a pressure drop only in the annular space 16 or the buffer space 16c and no pressure abnormality in the inner tube 4 or the heating tube 4c, damage to the outer tube 12 or the pressure-resistant housing 12c can be detected. Furthermore, if there is a pressure drop in the inner tube 4 or the heating tube 4c in addition to a pressure drop in the annular space 16 or the buffer space 16c, damage to the outer tube 12 or the pressure-resistant housing 12c and the inner tube 4 or the heating tube 4c can be detected.

[0033] The heated transfer device 1 according to this embodiment includes the following (c4) and (c5) in addition to or in place of the above (c1) to (c3). Specifically, it includes (c4) a gas concentration measurement means (see gas concentration meter 24 in FIG. 1 ) that measures the concentration of gas components originating from the high-temperature fluid F in the annular space 16 of the piping transfer section 1a, and (c5) an internal flow path damage detection means that detects damage to the inner tube 4 based on the measurement results from the gas concentration measurement means. The fluid heating section 1b also includes a similar (c4) gas concentration measurement means in the buffer space 16c and a similar (c5) internal flow path damage detection means that detects damage to the heating tube 4c. This makes it possible to prevent equipment shutdowns and personal injury at an early stage when high-temperature fluid F leaks from the inner tube 4 or the heating tube 4c due to perforation caused by high-temperature corrosion or high-temperature creep rupture of the inner tube 4 or the heating tube 4c, which may also damage the outer tube 12 or the pressure-resistant housing 12c. The gas concentration measuring means may be a known measuring means such as an infrared gas analyzer, a laser gas analyzer, etc., and a detailed description thereof will be omitted. The internal flow path damage detecting means may be any means capable of processing the gas concentration measurement results of (c4) with a known arithmetic processing device or the like to detect damage to the internal flow path, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0034] The material of the inner pipe 4 of the piping transfer section 1a according to this embodiment does not need to be high in strength because it is used in a high-pressure environment of about 0.5 MPa gauge pressure as described above, with the internal and external pressure difference kept low and hoop stress suppressed. Therefore, in this embodiment, the thickness of the inner pipe 4 can be made thin to reduce weight, which in turn allows the heated transfer device 1 to be made more compact. However, since the inner pipe 4 must be heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant to the high-temperature fluid F, a heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant material such as Cr-Ni stainless steel is preferred as its material.

[0035] The outer pipe 12 of the piping transfer section 1a may be made of any material capable of withstanding the high pressure in the annular space 16, which is substantially equal in pressure to the high-temperature fluid F, as a strength member, even if the inner pipe 4 becomes hot due to the high-temperature fluid F, as the insulating layer 18 of the annular space 16 keeps the temperature relatively low and maintains its material strength. An outer pipe 12 with such pressure resistance strength can prevent damage to the outer pipe 12 itself and the resulting external leakage of the high-temperature fluid F. A specific outer pipe 12 may be made of carbon steel pipe for high-pressure piping (JIS G 3455) used at temperatures of approximately 350°C or below, as it does not come into direct contact with the high-temperature fluid F and does not have any special requirements for heat resistance or corrosion resistance.

[0036] The cross-sectional shape of the piping transfer section 1a according to this embodiment can be, for example, a substantially circular shape as shown in FIG. 2 or a substantially rectangular shape, but is not limited to these. A substantially circular cross-section of the piping transfer section 1a as shown in FIG. 2 is preferable because it is relatively easy to manufacture, the area of the outer periphery can be minimized, and heat dissipation from the outer periphery can be kept low. On the other hand, a substantially rectangular cross-section of the piping transfer section 1a is preferable because it allows the heated transfer device 1 to be installed in a limited installation space while avoiding interference with the surrounding area and eliminating dead space. The cross-sectional shape of the piping transfer section 1a can be appropriately determined depending on the conditions of the installation location of the heated transfer device 1, etc.

[0037] In the heated transfer device 1, the pressure control range by the pressure control means in the piping transfer section 1a is preferably 0.25 or more and 1.5 or less, in terms of the ratio of the internal pressure of the annular space 16 to the internal pressure of the inner tube 4. Furthermore, in the heated transfer device 1, the pressure control range by the pressure control means in the fluid heating section 1b is preferably 0.25 or more and 1.5 or less, in terms of the ratio of the internal pressure of the buffer space 16c to the internal pressure of the heated tube 4c. If these pressure ratios are lower than approximately equal pressures but up to 0.25, it is possible to design the inner tube 4 or the heated tube 4c for high-temperature strength to mitigate the risk of high-temperature creep rupture, while also using the internal and external flow path damage detection means described in (c3) above. On the other hand, if these pressure ratios are higher than approximately equal pressures, leakage of the high-temperature fluid F from the inner tube 4 or the heated tube 4c will not occur, but there is a risk of a quality problem, such as inert gas G being mixed into the high-temperature fluid F. However, if the pressure ratio is higher than the substantially constant pressure but is up to 1.5, the above quality problem can be managed by designing the inner pipe 4 or the heating pipe 4c for high-temperature strength to mitigate the risk of high-temperature creep rupture, while also using the inner and outer flow path damage detection means described above in (c3).

[0038] (High-temperature fluid heating device) 3 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a high-temperature fluid heating device 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention, taken along the flow path. The high-temperature fluid heating device 2 here corresponds to a standalone heating device obtained by cutting out the fluid heating section 1b of the high-temperature fluid heating and transferring device 1 shown in FIG. Hereinafter, a heating device 2 for high-temperature fluid (also simply referred to as the heating device 2) according to this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0039] As shown in FIG. 3 , the heating device 2 for a high-temperature fluid according to this embodiment differs from the fluid heating section 1b of the heating and transferring device 1 for a high-temperature fluid in FIG. 1 in the structure of the inlet and outlet sides of the high-temperature fluid F and the inert gas G. That is, the heating device 2 has a structure in which the heating pipe 4c including the insulating cover 4c1, the pressure-resistant housing 12c, the buffer space 16c, and the insulating layer 18 extend perpendicular to the flow direction on the inlet / outlet side of the high-temperature fluid F and the inert gas G. The heating device 2 also includes an inlet pipe 8a and an outlet pipe 8b for the high-temperature fluid F, and an inlet pipe 20a and an outlet pipe 20b for the inert gas G. Furthermore, the heating device 2 does not include a joint 9 or a flange 14. These structural differences are necessary because the heating device 2 is a standalone device. However, the heating device 2's function and effect of heating the high-temperature fluid are equivalent to those of the fluid heating section 1b of the heating and transferring device 1 for a high-temperature fluid.

[0040] The heating means of the heating device 2 is preferably either electrical heating (see FIGS. 3 to 5), induction heating (see FIG. 6), or radiation heating (see FIGS. 7 and 8), similar to that of the thermal transfer device 1. The heating device 2 can also employ high-temperature fluid supply / discharge means, inert gas supply / discharge means, pressure measurement means, pressure control means including the pressure control range, and internal / external flow path damage detection means that are equivalent to those of the thermal transfer device 1. The heating device 2 can also employ gas concentration measurement means and internal flow path damage detection means that are equivalent to those of the thermal transfer device 1. The configuration of the heating device 2 equivalent to the fluid heating section 1b of the heating and transferring device 1 listed above is replaced by the description of the fluid heating section 1b above, and detailed description thereof will be omitted here.

[0041] Next, a case where the heating means is electrical heating, which is common to the fluid heating section 1b of the high-temperature fluid heating and transferring device 1 shown in FIG. 1 and the high-temperature fluid heating device 2 shown in FIG. 3, will be described. The electrical heating here is performed by connecting an external DC or AC power source 6 to both ends of the heating pipe 4c in the fluid transfer direction and applying electricity thereto.

[0042] When the heating means is electrical heating or induction heating, the material of the heating pipe 4c is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the requirements of having electrical conductivity, heat resistance and corrosion resistance to the heating temperature of the high-temperature fluid F, and being moldable into the shape of the heating pipe 4c. When the heating means is radiation heating, electrical conductivity is not necessary, and the material is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the requirements of having heat resistance and corrosion resistance to the heating temperature of the high-temperature fluid F, and being moldable into the shape of the heating pipe 4c. When the heating means is resistance heating or induction heating, preferred materials that satisfy these requirements include, for example, known Cr alloy steels (including low-carbon Cr alloy steels as well as high-alloy Cr-based stainless steels). Other examples of alloy steels include Cr-Ni alloy steels (including low-carbon Cr-Ni alloy steels as well as high-alloy Cr-Ni-based stainless steels). Further examples include carbon materials or conductive ceramics, which are particularly suitable for use at temperatures above 1000°C. These materials have relatively high resistivity and are therefore preferred materials for heating elements. Known conductive ceramics, such as SiC, may be used as the conductive ceramic. On the other hand, when the heating means is radiation heating, electrical conductivity is not required, and it is sufficient that the material is heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant to the high-temperature fluid F. The material is preferably a heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant material such as Cr-Ni stainless steel.

[0043] Heating control in the resistance heating can be controlled based on known techniques for controlling current, voltage, power, etc. Furthermore, the heating capacity of the resistance heating can be designed taking into consideration the resistance of the heating tube 4c serving as the heating element, the amount of heat generated, and the amount of temperature rise of the high-temperature fluid F (also referred to as the heated fluid) serving as the heated fluid, etc.

[0044] Furthermore, this embodiment includes a control device (not shown) that controls the power input to the heating element based on physical quantities including at least the temperature and flow rate of the heated fluid and the equipment capacity including at least the unit heat output per unit area of the heating element. This control device controls the power input to the heating element from an external power source, while energizing the heating element to heat the heated fluid. The temperature increase control of the heated fluid may be performed by feedback control of the input power based on the actual measured temperature of the heated fluid. Furthermore, this control device preferably has the function of issuing an alarm and / or cutting off power in the event of an abnormality or emergency, such as overheating of the heating element, based on temperature measurement data at a monitoring location of the heating element. Note that the control device here may be a known control device including a computing device, a memory device, an input / output device, etc., and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0045] The predetermined physical quantities used for heating control, including the temperature and flow rate of the heated fluid, are preferably measured near the inlet and / or outlet of the heated fluid in the heating section. This is because the results of measuring the physical quantities of the heated fluid near the inlet and / or outlet can contribute to improving the accuracy of heated fluid temperature control by feedforward control and / or feedback control of the power supply, such as input power, current, and voltage. The equipment capacity, including at least the heat output per unit area of the heating element in the heating section, is used as basic data for power supply control, such as input power, current, and voltage, in both the above-mentioned feedback control and feedforward control. Examples of the means for measuring the temperature of the heated fluid here include known thermocouple temperature measurement. Examples of the means for measuring the flow rate of the heated fluid include known electromagnetic flowmeters, ultrasonic flowmeters, and differential pressure flowmeters (orifice flowmeters).

[0046] (Modification of the high-temperature fluid heating device) FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a modified example 2a1 of the heating device 2, in which a plurality of heating pipes 4c are arranged, in a heating device for a high-temperature fluid according to an embodiment of the present invention. The multiple-heating-pipe electrically heating device 2a1 for a high-temperature fluid shown in FIG. 4 differs from the electrically heating device 2a for a high-temperature fluid shown in FIG. 3 in that it has a plurality of heating pipes 4c, but the rest of the configuration is almost the same. The multiple heating pipes here are the same as those in the electrically heating device 2a for a high-temperature fluid shown in FIG. 3, and detailed description of the materials and the like will be omitted. It is preferable to use a header as a means for supplying and discharging the high-temperature fluid to the multiple heating pipes. Even when configured as described above, the multiple heating pipe electrically heating device 2a1 for high-temperature fluid shown in Fig. 4 can obtain substantially the same effects as the electrically heating device 2a for high-temperature fluid shown in Fig. 3. In addition, by providing multiple heating pipes, the multiple heating pipe electrically heating device 2a1 for high-temperature fluid shown in Fig. 4 can shorten the heat transfer distance to the fluid to be heated in each flow path and increase the total area of the inner circumference of the heating pipes that serves as the heat transfer surface to the heated fluid, thereby advantageously improving heating efficiency.

[0047] 5 is a diagram schematically illustrating a modified example 2a2 of the heating device 2 in which the heating tube 4c is spiral in a heating device for a high-temperature fluid according to an embodiment of the present invention, in the form of a plan view of the heating tube portion and a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the remaining portion. The spiral heating tube electrical heating device 2a2 for a high-temperature fluid shown in FIG. 5 differs from the electrical heating device 2a for a high-temperature fluid shown in FIG. 3 in that the heating tube 4c is spiral, but the other configurations are almost the same. The material of the spiral heating tube here is the same as that of the electrical heating device 2a for a high-temperature fluid shown in FIG. 3, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. Even when configured as described above, the spiral heating tube electric heating device 2a2 for a high-temperature fluid shown in Fig. 5 can obtain substantially the same effects as the electrical heating device 2a for a high-temperature fluid shown in Fig. 3. In addition, the spiral heating tube electric heating device 2a2 for a high-temperature fluid shown in Fig. 5 can obtain the same effect of thinning the tubes as the multiple heating tubes in Fig. 4, while increasing the heating length in the flow path direction to increase heating efficiency and making the device more compact than a heating device having a straight heating tube.

[0048] 6 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view taken along the flow path direction of a modified example 2b of the heating device 2, in which the heating means is induction heating, in a heating device for high-temperature fluid according to an embodiment of the present invention. The induction heating device 2b for high-temperature fluid shown in FIG. 6 differs from the electrical heating device 2a for high-temperature fluid shown in FIG. 3 in that the heating means is induction heating using an induction heating coil 26, but the other configurations are substantially the same. The induction heating using the induction heating coil 26 here is not special and can be achieved using known techniques, so a detailed description will be omitted. Even when configured as described above, the induction heating device 2b for high-temperature fluid shown in Fig. 6 can obtain substantially the same effects as the electrical heating device 2a for high-temperature fluid shown in Fig. 3. In addition, the induction heating device 2b for high-temperature fluid shown in Fig. 6 does not require an electrode structure for the heating tube 4c that becomes hot, and therefore has the effect of facilitating production.

[0049] 7 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view taken along the flow path of a modified example 2c of the heating device 2, which uses radiant heating as the heating means, in a heating device for a high-temperature fluid according to an embodiment of the present invention. The electric heating device 2c for a high-temperature fluid shown in FIG. 7 is similar to the electrically conducting heating device 2a for a high-temperature fluid shown in FIG. 3 in that the heating means is electric heating, but differs in that radiant heating is performed by an electric heating wire heater 27. The electric heating wire of the electric heating wire heater 27 can be made of a known material such as a nickel-chromium alloy, an iron-chromium alloy, platinum, or tungsten, and therefore a detailed description thereof will be omitted. Even when configured as described above, the electrothermal heating device 2c for high-temperature fluid shown in Fig. 7 can obtain substantially the same effects as the electrically heating device 2a for high-temperature fluid shown in Fig. 3. In addition, the electrothermal heating device 2c for high-temperature fluid shown in Fig. 7 does not require an electrode structure for the heating tube 4c that becomes hot, and therefore has the effect of facilitating production.

[0050] 8 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view along the flow path of a modified example 2d of the heating device 2, which uses radiant heating as the heating means, in a heating device for high-temperature fluids according to an embodiment of the present invention. The radiant tube combustion heating device 2d for high-temperature fluids shown in FIG. 8 differs from the electrical heating device 2a for high-temperature fluids shown in FIG. 3 in that the heating means is radiant heating using a radiant tube burner 28, but the other configurations are substantially the same. The radiant tube burner 28 here can be a known burner that indirectly heats the inside of a furnace by passing combustion gas through a ceramic or metal tube, so a detailed description will be omitted. Even when configured as described above, the radiant tube type combustion heating apparatus 2d for high-temperature fluids shown in Fig. 8 can achieve substantially the same effects as the electrically conducting heating apparatus 2a for high-temperature fluids shown in Fig. 3. In addition, the radiant tube type combustion heating apparatus 2d for high-temperature fluids shown in Fig. 8 does not have an electric heater, electrodes, etc. inside the heating apparatus, and no additional equipment such as a power source is required, which makes it easier to manufacture. [Explanation of symbols]

[0051] 1. High-temperature fluid heating and transfer equipment 1a Piping transfer section 1b Fluid heating section 2. High-temperature fluid heating device 2a High-temperature fluid electrical heating device 2a1 Multi-pipe electrical heating device for high-temperature fluids 2a2 Spiral heating tube electrical heating device for high-temperature fluids 2b High-temperature fluid induction heating device 2c Electric heating device for high-temperature fluids 2d Radiant tube combustion heating device for high-temperature fluids 4 Inner tube 4c heating tube 4c1 Insulating lid 6 External power supply 8a High temperature fluid introduction pipe 8b High temperature fluid outlet pipe 9 Joints (expansion joints) 9c Insulating joints (insulating expansion joints) 10 Inner pipe support member 10c Insulating inner pipe support member 12 Outer tube 12c pressure-resistant housing 14 flange 16 Annular Space 16c buffer space 18 Insulation layer 20a Inert gas introduction pipe 20b Inert gas outlet pipe 22 High-temperature fluid pressure gauge 23 Inert gas pressure gauge 24 Gas concentration meter 26 Induction heating coil 27 Electric Wire Heater 28 Radiant Tube Burner 30 Heat resistant tube 31 small hole 32, 33 Insulation layer 34 Pressure pipe 35 first support member 36 second support member 37 Flange 40 Gas Turbine 41 Compressor 42 Turbine section 43 Air piping 44 Fans 45 Air piping 46 Cooling air supply port 50 Exhaust duct system 51 Inner duct 52 Outer duct 53 Gap 54 Bypass Stack 60 Bottomed cylindrical container 60a Cylindrical wall 60b Bottom wall 61 Foundation 61a Inlet 62 Cylindrical insulating member 62e Exit side opening 62i entrance opening 63 Heat-generating magnetic material 64 Induction heating coil F High temperature fluid G Inert gas

Claims

1. A heating and transferring device for a high-temperature fluid, comprising: a piping transfer section that transfers a high-temperature fluid through a piping; and a fluid heating section that heats the high-temperature fluid in a partial section of an entire transfer section of the high-temperature fluid, (a) The piping transfer section is (a1) an inner tube through which the high-temperature fluid flows; (a2) an outer tube that surrounds the inner tube from the outside to form an annular space and through which an inert gas flows; (a3) a heat insulating layer covering the outer circumferential surface of the inner pipe in the annular space; Equipped with (b) the fluid heating unit (b1) one or more heating pipes that communicate with the inner pipe of the piping transfer section and that heat the high-temperature fluid by flowing the high-temperature fluid therethrough; (b2) a pressure-resistant housing that surrounds the heating pipe from the outside to form a buffer space and communicates the buffer space with the annular space of the piping transfer section to allow the inert gas to flow; (b3) a heat insulating layer is provided in the buffer space, covering any one of an outer circumferential surface of the one heating pipe, the outside of the assembly of the plurality of heating pipes, or an inner circumferential surface of the pressure-resistant casing, or a combination thereof; (c) the heating and transferring device includes: (c1) a pressure measuring means for measuring the internal pressure of each of the inner tube, the annular space, the heating tube, and the buffer space; (c2) a pressure control means for controlling the internal pressures between the inner pipe of the piping transfer section and the annular space, and between the heating pipe of the fluid heating section and the buffer space, to be approximately equal pressures, based on the measurement results by the pressure measurement means; (c3) an inner / outer flow path damage detection means for detecting damage to the inner pipe, the outer pipe, the heating pipe, or the pressure-resistant casing based on the measurement result by the pressure measurement means; and / or (c4) a gas concentration measuring means for measuring the concentration of a gas component derived from the high-temperature fluid in the annular space of the piping transfer section or the buffer space of the fluid heating section; (c5) an internal flow path damage detection means for detecting damage to the inner tube or the heating tube based on the measurement result by the gas concentration measurement means; Equipment for heating and transferring high-temperature fluids.

2. 2. The apparatus for heating and transferring a high-temperature fluid according to claim 1, wherein a pressure control range by the pressure control means is a ratio of the internal pressure of the annular space to the internal pressure of the inner tube of the piping transfer section of 0.25 to 1.5, and a ratio of the internal pressure of the buffer space to the internal pressure of the heating tube of the fluid heating section of 0.25 to 1.

5.

3. A heating device for a high-temperature fluid, comprising: one or more heating pipes through which a high-temperature fluid flows to heat it; and a pressure-resistant housing that surrounds the heating pipes from the outside to form a buffer space and through which an inert gas flows in the buffer space, (d) In the buffer space, a heat insulating layer is (d1) the outer peripheral surface of the one heating tube or the outside of the assembly of the plurality of heating tubes, or (d2) the inner peripheral surface of the pressure-resistant housing; and the insulating layer is disposed so as to cover any one of the above or a combination of the above. (e) the heating device includes: (e1) a pressure measuring means for measuring the internal pressure of each of the heating tube and the buffer space; (e2) a pressure control means for controlling the internal pressure of the heating tube and the internal pressure of the buffer space to be substantially equal pressures based on the measurement result by the pressure measurement means; (e3) an inner / outer flow path damage detection means that detects damage to the heating pipe or the pressure-resistant casing based on a measurement result by the pressure measurement means, and / or (e4) a gas concentration measuring means for measuring the concentration of a gas component derived from the high-temperature fluid in the buffer space; (e5) an internal flow path damage detection means for detecting damage to the heating tube based on the measurement result by the gas concentration measurement means, High-temperature fluid heating equipment.

4. 4. The high-temperature fluid heating device according to claim 3, wherein the pressure control range of the pressure control means is a ratio of the internal pressure of the buffer space to the internal pressure of the heating tube of 0.25 to 1.5.

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