Root vegetable pull-out force measuring aid and root vegetable pull-out force measuring method

Abstract

To provide a root vegetable pull-out force measuring aid and root vegetable pull-out force measuring method capable of stably measuring pull-out force necessary for separating a stem from a tuberous root in soil.SOLUTION: A root vegetable pull-out force measuring aid 10 comprises: a semi-cylindrical ridge pressing member 11 fitted to a ridge E; a foliage take-out space 12 formed by the ridge pressing member 11; and a pair of side surface members 13 disposed on both sides of the ridge pressing member 11, where a pair of side members 13 each include a side plate surface 13V and a tread surface 13H, formed thereon. When stem pull-out force is measured by a load measuring device F, the pair of side surface members 13 are disposed on both sides of the ridge E, the ridge pressing member 11 is disposed on the ridge E, foliage is taken out from the foliage take-out space 12, and the tread surface 13H is pressed down and used.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a root vegetable pulling force measuring aid used when measuring the pulling force required to separate the stalk from the tuberous root using a load measuring device, and a root vegetable pulling force measuring method that measures the pulling force required to separate the stalk from the tuberous root using a load measuring device. [Background technology]

[0002] When harvesting fresh sweet potatoes, the tubers that are connected to each plant and dug up by a self-propelled potato harvester must be manually separated. This tuber separation work is an obstacle to improving harvesting efficiency and expanding production scale. Therefore, in order to improve the efficiency of harvesting work, there is a need for a sweet potato stem and leaf processing machine that can separate the tubers.If a sweet potato stem and leaf processing machine could perform a series of operations continuously, such as pulling out the potato stalks to separate the potatoes from the soil, and then shredding the stems and leaves and discharging them between the rows, it would be possible to reduce the work time required for sweet potato digging and other operations by more than 20%. Non-Patent Document 1 discloses the mechanization of vine processing, in which the stalks are manually torn off one stalk at a time to reduce damage to the potatoes during harvesting. Non-Patent Document 2 discloses a tractor-mounted implement that shreds sweet potato stems and leaves and removes sweet potato stems in a single process. Patent Document 1 discloses a potato separating device or a potato separating method that can solve problems related to cost and maintenance with a simple configuration while ensuring separation performance for small potatoes. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-135437 [Non-patent literature]

[0004] [Non-Patent Document 1] Yoshida Ryo and four others, "Development of a Sweet Potato Vine Processing Machine," Tokushima Prefectural Agricultural Experiment Station Research Report No. 35, September 1999, pp. 1-6 [Non-patent document 2] "Sweet potato stem and leaf processing / stalk puller", [online], 2008, Research results information, Kagoshima Prefectural Agricultural Center, Osumi Branch, Agricultural Machinery Laboratory, [Retrieved January 5, 2024], Internet<URL:https: / / www.naro.affrc.go.jp / org / karc / seika / kyushu_seika / 2007 / 2007055.html> Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, Non-Patent Document 1 describes a machine that processes vines (stems and leaves), and does not describe measuring the potato pulling force. Furthermore, the implement disclosed in Non-Patent Document 2 allows for the entire process from stem and leaf treatment to pulling out of sweet potatoes, but does not take into consideration the pulling force. Furthermore, the potato separation device or potato separation method disclosed in Patent Document 1 does not separate the tuberous root portion underground. As such, no measurements have been made of the pulling force required to separate the tuberous roots of root vegetables, including sweet potatoes, in the soil, and it is unclear how much pulling force is required to pinch the stems and leaves and pull out the tuberous roots while leaving them in the soil. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the separation of the tuberous root and the rhubarb. As shown in the photograph in Figure 6(a), when the vine is pulled, the tuberous root comes off along with the stalk. Figure 6(b) shows the state in which the tuberous root remains in the soil along with the pedicel. If the tuberous root were to fall out along with the pedicel, it would be necessary to manually separate the pedicel from the tuberous root after digging it up. If the tuberous root with the stalk separated can be left in the soil, as shown in Figure 6(c), there will be no need to manually separate the stalk from the tuberous root after digging it up. Figure 6(d) is a conceptual diagram of the tuberous root part with the stalk separated being left in the soil. As shown in Figure 6(d), by holding down the soil surface A with element B and pulling the potato stem C with an appropriate pulling force X, the potato stem C can be pulled out while leaving the tuberous root part D in the soil.

[0006] An object of the present invention is to provide an auxiliary tool for measuring the pulling force of root vegetables, and a method for measuring the pulling force of root vegetables, which can stably measure the pulling force required to separate the stalk from the tuberous root in the soil. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The root vegetable pulling force measuring aid 10 of the present invention described in claim 1 is a root vegetable pulling force measuring aid 10 used when measuring the pulling force required to separate the stalk from the tuberous root portion using a load measuring device F, and comprises a semi-cylindrical ridge holding member 11 that is fitted to the ridge E, a stem and leaf removal space 12 formed by the ridge holding member 11, and a pair of side members 13 that are arranged on both sides of the ridge holding member 11, and the pair of side members 13 are formed with side plate surfaces 13V and footplate surfaces 13H, and when measuring the pulling force of the stalk with the load measuring device F, the pair of side members 13 are arranged on both sides of the ridge E and the ridge holding member 11 is placed on the ridge E, the stems and leaves are removed from the stem and leaf removal space 12, and the footplate surface 13H is used to press down. The present invention described in claim 2 is characterized in that, in the root vegetable pulling force measuring aid 10 described in claim 1, the ridge holding member 11 is formed of one ridge holding member 11a and the other ridge holding member 11b, the stem and leaf removal space 12 is formed between the one ridge holding member 11a and the other ridge holding member 11b, and the width of the stem and leaf removal space 12 is changed depending on the distance between the one ridge holding member 11a and the other ridge holding member 11b. The present invention described in claim 3 is characterized in that the root vegetable pulling force measuring aid 10 described in claim 2 has a connecting member 14 that connects the one ridge holding member 11a and the other ridge holding member 11b. The present invention described in claim 4 is characterized in that, in the root vegetable pulling force measuring aid 10 described in claim 1, the side panel surface 13V has a height adjustment portion 15 that moves the ridge holding member 11 up and down according to the height of the ridge E. The present invention as set forth in claim 5 is characterized in that the root vegetable pulling force measurement aid 10 as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 4 has a step member 16 that is used by being placed on top of the tread surface 13H. The root vegetable pulling force measuring method of the present invention described in claim 6 is a root vegetable pulling force measuring method that measures the pulling force required to separate the stalk from the tuberous root portion using a load measuring device F, and is characterized in that the ridges E around the stalk are pressed by a semi-cylindrical ridge holding member 11 that is fitted to the ridges E, the stems and leaves are removed from the stem and leaf removal space 12 formed by the ridge holding member 11, and the load measuring device F pulls the stalk or the stem and leaf in a predetermined direction that has been set in advance, thereby measuring the pulling force required to separate the stalk from the tuberous root portion. A seventh aspect of the present invention is the method for measuring a root vegetable pulling force according to the sixth aspect, wherein the predetermined direction has a predetermined angle with respect to the vertical direction. [Effects of the Invention]

[0008] By using the root vegetable pulling force measuring aid of the present invention, it is possible to stably measure the pulling force required to separate the root stem from the tuberous root in the soil. Furthermore, the method for measuring the pulling force of root vegetables of the present invention makes it possible to stably measure the pulling force required to separate the stalk from the tuberous root in the soil. Furthermore, by measuring the pulling force of root vegetables, it is possible to promote the mechanization of sweet potato harvesting work and to breed root vegetables that are suitable for harvesting work. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an auxiliary tool for measuring the pulling force of root vegetables according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 2]Photographs showing the root vegetable pulling force measurement method according to this embodiment [Figure 3] A diagram showing the pulling force, stalk cutting rate, and tuberous root pulling rate by variety, measured using the same root vegetable pulling force measurement method. [Figure 4] Figure showing regional pulling force measured using the same root vegetable pulling force measurement method [Figure 5] A diagram showing the pulling force due to different planting methods, measured using the same root vegetable pulling force measurement method. [Figure 6] Diagram to explain the separation of the tuberous root and the peduncle DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] The root vegetable pulling force measuring aid according to the first embodiment of the present invention comprises a semi-cylindrical ridge holder member that fits the ridge, a stem and leaf removal space formed by the ridge holder member, and a pair of side members that are placed on either side of the ridge holder member, the pair of side members having side plate surfaces and footplate surfaces, and when measuring the potato stem pulling force with a load measuring device, the pair of side members are placed on either side of the ridge and the ridge holder member is placed on the ridge, the stem and leaf are removed from the stem and leaf removal space, and the footplate surfaces are used to press down on the potato stem. This embodiment makes it possible to stably measure the pulling force required to separate the potato stem from the tuberous root in the soil.

[0011] In the second embodiment of the present invention, in the root vegetable pulling force measuring aid of the first embodiment, the ridge holding member is formed by one ridge holding member and the other ridge holding member, the stem and leaf removal space is formed between the one ridge holding member and the other ridge holding member, and the width of the stem and leaf removal space is changed by the distance between the one ridge holding member and the other ridge holding member. This embodiment allows measurements to be made according to the variety and ridge shape.

[0012] The third embodiment of the present invention is a root vegetable pulling force measurement aid according to the second embodiment, which includes a connecting member that connects one ridge holding member to the other ridge holding member. This embodiment allows the width of the stem and leaf removal space to be changed, and the ridge holding members can stably press down on the ridges around the potato stems.

[0013] In the fourth embodiment of the present invention, the side plate surface of the root vegetable pulling force measurement auxiliary device according to the first embodiment has a height adjustment part that moves the ridge pressing member up and down according to the height of the ridge. According to this embodiment, the ridge pressing member can be moved up and down according to the height of the ridge, and the ridges around the potato stems can be stably pressed.

[0014] A fifth embodiment of the present invention is an auxiliary tool for measuring the pulling force of root vegetables according to any one of the first to fourth embodiments, which includes a step member that is placed on the tread surface. According to this embodiment, the step member can press down on the tread surface from a position away from the side member, making it easy to measure pulling force, particularly in an oblique direction at a predetermined angle from the vertical direction.

[0015] A root vegetable pulling force measurement method according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention involves pressing the ridges around the potato stem with a semi-cylindrical ridge holder that is fitted to the ridge, removing the stem and leaf from a stem and leaf removal space formed by the ridge holder, and pulling the stalk or stem and leaf in a predetermined direction with a load measuring device, thereby measuring the pulling force required to separate the potato from the tuberous root. This embodiment makes it possible to stably measure the pulling force required to separate the potato from the tuberous root in the soil.

[0016] In the seventh embodiment of the present invention, in the root vegetable pulling force measurement aid of the sixth embodiment, the predetermined direction is at a predetermined angle from the vertical. According to this embodiment, by measuring the pulling force in an oblique direction at a predetermined angle from the vertical, it is possible to measure a pulling force that reproduces the pulling angle due to the difference between the machine's traveling speed and the pulling speed. In other words, if the relative speed between the machine's traveling speed and the pulling speed is the same, it is sufficient to measure the pulling force in the vertical direction. However, if there is a difference in the relative speed, an angle will be created, so the pulling force in the oblique direction is measured. [Example]

[0017] An auxiliary tool for measuring the root vegetable pulling force according to one embodiment of the present invention will now be described. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of the root vegetable pulling force measurement aid according to this embodiment. The root vegetable pulling force measuring aid 10 according to this embodiment is used when measuring the pulling force required to separate the stalk from the tuberous root portion using a load measuring device F (see FIG. 2). The root vegetable pulling force measuring aid 10 comprises a semi-cylindrical ridge holding member 11 that is fitted to the ridge E (see Figure 2), a stem and leaf removal space 12 formed by the ridge holding member 11, and a pair of side members 13 that are positioned on both sides of the ridge holding member 11.

[0018] The ridge holding member 11 is formed by one ridge holding member 11a and the other ridge holding member 11b, and the stem and leaf removal space 12 is formed between the one ridge holding member 11a and the other ridge holding member 11b. The one ridge holding member 11a and the other ridge holding member 11b are connected by a connecting member 14. As shown in the figure, it is preferable to provide a pair of connecting members 14, one at one end and the other at the other end of the ridge holding member 11. In this embodiment, a long hole 14a is formed in the connecting member 14, and the ridge hold-down member 11 and the connecting member 14 are fastened together by the long hole 14a and fastener 14b. The long hole 14a may also be formed in the ridge hold-down member 11. Furthermore, as shown in the figure, the connecting member 14 may be a separate member from the ridge hold-down member 11, or may extend from one ridge hold-down member 11a or the other ridge hold-down member 11b. The width of the stem and leaf take-out space 12 can be changed by adjusting the distance between the one ridge holding member 11a and the other ridge holding member 11b. It is preferable that the width of the stem and leaf take-out space 12 can be changed within the range of 2 cm to 10 cm. In this way, by changing the width of the stem and leaf removal space 12, measurements can be made according to the variety and ridge shape. Furthermore, by providing the connecting member 14, the width of the stem and leaf removal space 12 can be changed, and the ridge pressing member 11 can stably press the ridges E around the stalks.

[0019] A side plate surface 13V and a footplate surface 13H are formed on the pair of side members 13. The side plate surface 13V has a height adjustment portion 15 that moves the ridge holding member 11 up and down according to the height of the ridge E. The height adjustment portion 15 is formed by a height adjustment slot 15a formed in the vertical direction and a fastener 15b attached to the height adjustment slot 15a. The ridge holding member 11 has holes at the lower end on one end side and the lower end on the other end side into which the fastener 15b can be attached. The fastener 15b can move up and down along the height adjustment slot 15a, and by moving the fastener 15b up and down, the ridge holding down member 11 can be moved up and down. A pair of height adjustment portions 15 are provided on one end side and the other end side of one side plate surface 13V. By providing the height adjustment part 15, the ridge pressing member 11 can be moved up and down according to the height of the ridge E, and the ridge E around the potato stem can be pressed stably.

[0020] The root vegetable pulling force measuring aid 10 is used when measuring the pulling force of a stalk with a load measuring device F by placing a pair of side members 13 on both sides of a ridge E and placing a ridge holding member 11 on the ridge E, removing stems and leaves from the stem and leaf removal space 12, and pressing down the footboard surface 13H. Therefore, by using the root vegetable pulling force measuring aid 10 according to this embodiment, it is possible to stably measure the pulling force required to separate the root stem from the tuberous root in the soil.

[0021] As shown in FIG. 1(b), the root vegetable pulling force measurement aid 10 preferably has a step member 16 that is placed on the tread surface 13H. By providing the step member 16, the step member 16 can press down on the tread surface 13H from a position away from the side member 13, making it easy to measure the pull-out force, particularly in an oblique direction at a predetermined angle from the vertical direction.

[0022] FIG. 2 is a photograph showing the method for measuring the pulling force of root vegetables according to this example. In the root vegetable pulling force measuring method of this embodiment, the pulling force required to separate the stalk from the tuberous root is measured using a load measuring device F. In the root vegetable pulling force measuring method of this embodiment, a root vegetable pulling force measuring aid 10 shown in Figure 1 is used. Figure 2(a) shows the root vegetable pulling force measurement aid 10 placed on ridge E, with the stalk or stem and leaves clamped by load measuring device F, Figure 2(b) shows the state of pulling in the vertical direction, and Figure 2(c) shows the state of pulling in the diagonal direction. The method for measuring the pulling force of root vegetables in this embodiment involves pressing the ridges E around the stalk with a semi-cylindrical ridge holding member 11 that is fitted to the ridges E, removing the stalks from the stem and leaf removal space 12 formed by the ridge holding member 11, and using a load measuring device F to pull the stalk or stem and leaf in a predetermined direction that has been set in advance, thereby measuring the pulling force required to separate the stalk from the tuberous root. In Figures 2(a) and 2(b), the worker places both feet on the tread surface 13H, causing the ridge pressing member 11 to press the ridges E around the rhubarb. In FIG. 2(c), the worker places his right foot on the step member 16 and his left foot on the tread surface 13H, thereby pressing the ridge E around the stalk with the ridge pressing member 11. As described above, the root vegetable pulling force measuring method of this example makes it possible to stably measure the pulling force required to separate the stalk from the tuberous root in the soil. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 2(c), by measuring the pulling force in an oblique direction at a predetermined angle from the vertical direction, it is possible to measure a pulling force that reproduces the pulling angle due to, for example, the difference between the machine's traveling speed and the pulling speed. In other words, if the relative speed between the machine's traveling speed and the pulling speed is the same, it is sufficient to measure the pulling force in the vertical direction, but if there is a difference in the relative speed, an angle will be created, so the pulling force in the oblique direction will be measured.

[0023] FIG. 3 shows the pulling force, stalk cutting rate, and tuberous root pulling rate by variety, measured using the root vegetable pulling force measurement method of this example. Eight varieties of sweet potato were compared. The pulling force, stalk cutting rate, and tuberous root pulling rate were measured in the vertical and oblique directions. The oblique direction was at an angle of 45° from the vertical. The width of the stem and leaf removal space 12 was 5 cm. As shown in Figure 3, the pulling force, stalk cutting rate, and tuberous root lifting rate differ depending on the variety. Therefore, by measuring the pulling force, stalk cutting rate, and tuberous root lifting rate, it is possible to promote the mechanization of sweet potato harvesting work and to breed root vegetables that are suitable for harvesting work.

[0024] FIG. 4 shows the pulling force by region measured by the root vegetable pulling force measuring method according to this embodiment. The varieties used are Beniharuka and Beniazuma. As shown in Figure 4, there is regional variation in pulling force even for the same variety, but the range of regional variation is small compared to the difference in pulling force between varieties.

[0025] FIG. 5 shows the pulling force due to different planting methods, measured by the root vegetable pulling force measurement method according to this embodiment. Figure 5(a) shows the pulling force due to different planting methods for eight varieties, and Figure 5(b) shows an example of measuring the pulling force. As shown in Figure 5(a), even for the same variety, the pulling force varies depending on the planting method. Figure 5(b) shows an example of pulling measurements of Beniharuka plants planted at an angle, with the horizontal axis representing time and the vertical axis representing pulling force. The pulling force reaches its maximum after about 35 seconds, and then decreases as the stalk is cut. Although the present embodiment has been described using sweet potatoes, the present invention can be similarly used with potatoes, and can also be used to measure the pulling force of carrots and radishes. [Industrial Applicability]

[0026] The present invention can measure the pulling force required to separate the stalk from the tuberous root in the soil, thereby promoting the mechanization of root vegetable harvesting and enabling the breeding of root vegetables that are suitable for harvesting. [Explanation of symbols]

[0027] 10. Auxiliary tool for measuring pulling force of root vegetables 11 Ridge support member 11a One-side ridge holding member 11b Other ridge holding member 12 Stem and leaf removal space 13 Side member 13H Tread surface 13V side plate surface 14 Connecting member 14a long hole 14b Fasteners 15 Height adjustment unit 15a Height adjustment slot 15b Fasteners 16 Step member E ridge F Load measuring device

Claims

1. A root vegetable pulling force measuring aid used when measuring the pulling force required to separate the stalk from the tuberous root using a load measuring device, A semi-cylindrical ridge support member that fits the ridges, A stem and leaf removal space formed by the ridge holding member; a pair of side members disposed on both sides of the ridge holding member; Equipped with The pair of side members are formed with side plate surfaces and foot plate surfaces, When measuring the pulling force of the stalk with the load measuring device, the pair of side members are arranged on both sides of the ridge, the ridge holding member is arranged on the ridge, the stems and leaves are taken out from the stem and leaf taking-out space, and the step surface is pressed down. A root vegetable pulling force measurement aid characterized by:

2. The ridge holding member is formed of one ridge holding member and another ridge holding member, The stem and leaf removal space is formed between the one ridge holding member and the other ridge holding member, The width of the stem and leaf removal space is changed by adjusting the distance between the one ridge holding member and the other ridge holding member.

2. The root vegetable pulling force measuring aid according to claim 1.

3. A connecting member is provided to connect the one ridge holding member and the other ridge holding member.

3. The root vegetable pulling force measuring aid according to claim 2.

4. The side plate surface has a height adjustment portion that moves the ridge holding member up and down depending on the height of the ridge.

2. The root vegetable pulling force measuring aid according to claim 1.

5. A step member is provided to be placed on the tread surface. The root vegetable pulling force measuring aid according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. A method for measuring the pulling force of root vegetables, which measures the pulling force required to separate the stalk from the tuberous root using a load measuring device, pressing the ridges around the potato stems with a semi-cylindrical ridge pressing member that fits the ridges; removing stems and leaves from a stem and leaf removal space formed by the ridge holding member; The load measuring device is used to pull the stalk or the stem and leaf in a predetermined direction, and the pulling force at which the stalk is separated from the tuberous root is measured. A method for measuring the pulling force of root vegetables.

7. The predetermined direction has a predetermined angle from the vertical direction.

7. The method for measuring the pulling force of root vegetables according to claim 6.

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