Full-trailer

Abstract

To prevent an air hose provided in a full-trailer from contacting other component members.SOLUTION: A full-trailer includes: a dolly having a chassis, a drawbar, and a dolly frame 20 which is rotatably connected to the chassis and to which one end of the drawbar is connected; and a plurality of air hoses 16 each of which has one end connected to the chassis and the other end connected to the dolly frame 20. The dolly frame 20 has a cross member 23 extending along a vehicle width direction that intersects with a vehicle front-rear direction. Each of the plurality of air hoses 16 has: a first hose portion 161 which extends in a direction along a rotation axis R0 of the frame and is connected to the chassis; a second hose portion 162 which extends in a plane intersecting with the rotation axis R0 and is connected to the cross member 23; and a third hose portion 163 which connects the first hose portion 161 and the second hose portion 162.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 11B

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a full trailer. [Background technology]

[0002] A full trailer is a type of trailer (towed vehicle) that is towed by a tractor (towing vehicle). Full trailers are broadly divided into dolly and center axle types.

[0003] A dolly-type full trailer is equipped with a carriage with rear and front axles. Therefore, a dolly-type full trailer can maintain its position without auxiliary legs even when it is disconnected from the tractor. This type of carriage is generally called a "front wheel carriage" or "dolly," but in this specification it will be referred to as a "dolly."

[0004] The dolly has a frame with a front axle that is rotatably connected to the chassis of the full trailer, and a drawbar with a lunette eye onto which a pintle hook provided at the rear of the tractor can be hooked (Patent Document 1).

[0005] One conventional drawbar is configured with two or more parts connected to be able to rotate relative to one another and is bendable (foldable). More specifically, one conventional drawbar is switchable between a bent state and an extended state. This type of drawbar is in the extended state when a full trailer is connected to a tractor, and is in the bent state when the full trailer is disconnected from the tractor. By setting the drawbar to the bent state, loading from the front of the full trailer becomes possible or easy.

[0006] Additionally, a plurality of air hoses are provided on the underside of the full trailer to connect various pneumatic devices. These air hoses are routed so that they can follow the relative rotation of the dolly. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 10-316056 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] However, because there is limited space on the underside of a full trailer for routing air hoses, there is a risk that the air hoses may come into contact with other components and be damaged when the full trailer's height is lowered, or that the rotation of the dolly may be hindered by the air hoses coming into contact with each other when the dolly is rotating. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] A full trailer in one embodiment includes a dolly having a chassis, a drawbar, and a frame rotatably connected to the chassis and to which one end of the drawbar is connected, and a plurality of air hoses, one end of which is connected to the chassis and the other end of which is connected to the frame. The frame has a cross member extending along a vehicle width direction that intersects with the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. Each of the plurality of air hoses has a first hose portion that extends in a direction along a rotation axis of the frame and is connected to the chassis, a second hose portion that extends in a plane that intersects with the rotation axis and is connected to the cross member, and a third hose portion that connects the first hose portion and the second hose portion. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] According to the present invention, the air hose is prevented from coming into contact with other components. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] 1 is a side view showing a full trailer according to an embodiment and a tractor to which the full trailer is coupled. FIG. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the upper surface (front side) of the chassis and dolly of the full trailer. [Figure 3]FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the bottom side (rear side) of the chassis and dolly of the full trailer. [Figure 4] FIG. [Figure 5] FIG. [Figure 6] FIG. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a drawbar in a bent state. [Figure 8] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the drawbar in an extended state. [Figure 9A] FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the actuator. [Figure 9B] FIG. [Figure 10A] 5A and 5B are schematic diagrams illustrating the operation of an airbag. [Figure 10B] 5A and 5B are schematic diagrams illustrating the operation of an airbag. [Figure 11A] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an air hose routed between the chassis and the dolly. [Figure 11B] FIG. 10 is a plan view showing an air hose routed between the chassis and the dolly. [Figure 12A] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing an air hose routed between the chassis and the dolly. [Figure 12B] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the appearance of the air hose. [Figure 13] FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a compressed air circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In all drawings used to describe the embodiment, the same reference numerals are used for the same or substantially the same configurations and elements. Furthermore, as a general rule, once a configuration or element has been described, it will not be described again.

[0013] <Full trailer overview> FIG. 1 is a side view showing a full trailer 1 according to this embodiment and a full tractor 2 to which the full trailer 1 is connected. The full trailer 1 is connected to the full tractor 2 via a dolly 3. The full trailer 1 has a rear axle mounted on a chassis 4 and a front axle mounted on the dolly 3. In other words, the full trailer 1 is a two-axle vehicle. The full trailer 1 also has a plurality of air hoses 16 (see FIGS. 11A to 12B) routed between the dolly 3 and the chassis 4.

[0014] A loading platform C1 is loaded (mounted) on a full trailer 1. As shown in the figure, by connecting the full trailer 1 loaded with the loading platform C1 to a full tractor 2 loaded with another loading platform C2, it is possible to transport two loading platforms' worth of cargo at the same time. However, the full trailer 1 can also be equipped with a loading platform other than the loading platform C1 (for example, a box-shaped body). The full trailer 1 can also be connected to a tractor other than the full tractor 2.

[0015] <Chassis 4> Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing the upper surface (front side) of the chassis 4 and dolly 3 of the full trailer 1. Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing the bottom side (back side) of the chassis 4 and dolly 3 of the full trailer 1. The chassis 4 is sometimes called a "frame."

[0016] The chassis 4 is made up of two main rails 10 extending in the length direction of the full trailer 1 (front-to-rear direction of the vehicle) and multiple cross members 11 extending in the width direction of the full trailer 1 (vehicle width direction). These main rails 10 and cross members 11 are formed from steel material having a predetermined cross-sectional shape. In the following explanation, the vehicle width direction of the full trailer 1 may be referred to as the "left-right direction." Furthermore, the right side in the vehicle width direction is the right side in the vehicle's traveling direction, and the left side in the vehicle width direction is the left side in the vehicle's traveling direction.

[0017] Each cross member 11 is suspended between two main rails 10. Furthermore, one end of each cross member 11 is fixed to one of the main rails 10, and the other end of each cross member 11 is fixed to the other main rail 10. One end of an air hose 16 is attached to cross member 11a, which is located above dolly 3, among the multiple cross members 11, via coupler 81 (see Figures 12A and 12B) and sockets 86 and 87 (see Figure 11A).

[0018] 1 is mounted on the chassis 4 having the above-described structure. That is, the chassis 4 forms a frame that supports the cargo bed C1.

[0019] A rear bumper 12 is attached to the rear end of the chassis 4. Side guards 13 (see FIG. 1) are attached to both sides of the chassis 4. The chassis 4 is also equipped with a plurality of air tanks 14, 15 that store compressed air to be supplied to predetermined pneumatic equipment. The compressed air stored in the air tank 14 is supplied to, for example, an air brake for the rear wheels, and the compressed air stored in the air tank 15 is supplied to, for example, an air suspension or an air bag 61 of an actuator 60 (described later) provided on the dolly 3. Although not shown, the chassis 4 is also provided with a suspension system that supports the axles (rear axles).

[0020] <Dolly 3> Fig. 4 is a plan view of the dolly 3, and Fig. 5 is a bottom view of the dolly 3. Fig. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the dolly 3.

[0021] The dolly 3 is rotatably connected to the chassis 4 shown in Figures 2 and 3. More specifically, the dolly 3 includes a frame 20, a drawbar 30, an actuator 60, and a locking mechanism 80, and the frame 20 is connected to the front portion of the chassis 4 via a turntable 21. The turntable 21 has a ring-shaped appearance and includes a rotating ring 21a fixed to the frame 20 of the dolly 3 and a rotating ring 21b fixed to the chassis 4, which are rotatably fitted together. This allows the dolly 3 to rotate relative to the chassis 4 around an imaginary line R0 as the rotation axis. The imaginary line R0 passes through the center of the ring-shaped turntable 21 and intersects (is perpendicular to) the longitudinal and transverse directions of the vehicle. In the following explanation, the imaginary line R0 may be referred to as the "rotation axis R0."

[0022] As described above, the chassis 4 is a frame that supports the loading platform C1. Therefore, in the following description, to avoid confusion, the frame 20 of the dolly 3 may be referred to as the "dolly frame 20."

[0023] 2, the front portion of the chassis 4 to which the dolly frame 20 is connected is thinner than the other portions. From another perspective, the height of the tip portion of the main rail 10 forming the front portion of the chassis 4 is lower than the other portions.

[0024] The dolly frame 20 is disposed below the front portion of the chassis 4, which is thinner than the other portions, and overlaps with the front portion of the chassis 4. As a result, the height from the bottom surface of the dolly frame 20 to the top surface of the front portion of the chassis 4 is approximately the same as the height of the other portions of the chassis 4. Although not shown in the drawings, the dolly 3 (dolly frame 20) is provided with a suspension device that supports the axle (front axle).

[0025] <Dolly Frame 20> As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the dolly frame 20 has substantially the same structure as the chassis 4. Specifically, the dolly frame 20 is composed of two main rails 22 extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and a plurality of cross members 23 extending in the width direction of the vehicle. In other words, the cross members 23 extend in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. Furthermore, the main rails 22 and the cross members 23 are formed from steel material having a predetermined cross-sectional shape.

[0026] The main rails 22 that make up the dolly frame 20 are shorter than the main rails 10 that make up the chassis 4. On the other hand, the cross members 23 that make up the dolly frame 20 have the same or approximately the same length as the cross members 11 that make up the chassis 4.

[0027] Furthermore, the other end of the air hose 16 is attached to cross members 23a and 23b, which are provided below the turntable 21, via couplers 82 and 83 and sockets 84 and 85 (see FIGS. 11B, 12A, and 12B). Cross member 23a is provided in front of the rotation axis R0, and cross member 23b is provided in the rear of the rotation axis R0. In other words, cross members 23a and 23b can be considered a first cross member and a second cross member that are provided opposite each other in the front-to-rear direction with the rotation axis R0 in between.

[0028] A connection part 24 extending parallel to the cross member 23 is provided on one end (front side) of the dolly frame 20. The connection part 24 is integrally formed with the main rails 22 and connects the ends of the main rails 22. The connection part 24 also has a plurality of round holes 25 formed therein for passing wiring and piping.

[0029] An air tank 26 that stores compressed air to be supplied to predetermined pneumatic equipment is mounted on the other end (rear side) of the dolly frame 20. The compressed air stored in the air tank 26 is supplied to, for example, the air brakes for the front wheels.

[0030] <Drawbar 30> The drawbar 30 is composed of a first drawbar member 31 and a second drawbar member 32. Adjacent sides of the first drawbar member 31 and the second drawbar member 32 are connected to each other so as to be able to rotate relative to each other. More specifically, the front part of the first drawbar member 31 and the rear part of the second drawbar member 32 are connected to each other so as to be able to rotate relative to each other.

[0031] Furthermore, the other side of the first drawbar member 31 is connected to the dolly frame 20 so as to be able to rotate relatively thereto. More specifically, the rear part of the first drawbar member 31 is connected to the front part of the dolly frame 20 so as to be able to rotate relatively thereto.

[0032] The above-described connection structure allows the drawbar 30 to be switched between a bent state and an extended state. Fig. 7 is a perspective view showing the drawbar 30 in the bent state, and Fig. 8 is a perspective view showing the drawbar 30 in the extended state. The bent state and extended state of the drawbar 30 will be explained again later.

[0033] <First drawbar member 31> As shown in FIG. 6, the first drawbar member 31 has a pair of long sides 41, 42 extending in the vehicle width direction and a pair of short sides 43, 44 extending in the vehicle front-rear direction, and has a generally rectangular appearance in a plan view in the extended state (FIG. 8).

[0034] A rear coupling portion 45 is provided at each end of the long side portion 41, and is rotatably coupled to the dolly frame 20. A front coupling portion 46 is provided at each end of the long side portion 42, and is rotatably coupled to the second drawbar member 32.

[0035] Each rear connecting portion 45 is rotatably connected to a drawbar connecting portion 27 provided at the front of the dolly frame 20 by a connecting pin (not shown). More specifically, a through hole is provided in each of the rear connecting portion 45 and the drawbar connecting portion 27. A first connecting pin is inserted into and straddles the through hole of the rear connecting portion 45 and the through hole of the drawbar connecting portion 27, which are connected to each other.

[0036] As a result, the first drawbar member 31 is rotatable relative to the dolly frame 20 around the first connecting pin as a rotation axis. From another perspective, the first drawbar member 31 is rotatable relative to the dolly frame 20 around the imaginary line R1 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 as a rotation axis. The imaginary line R1 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 is a line that coincides with the central axis of the first connecting pin. In the following description, the imaginary line R1 may be referred to as the "rotation axis R1."

[0037] <Second drawbar member 32> As shown in FIG. 6, the second drawbar member 32 has a base portion 51 extending in the vehicle width direction and a pair of oblique side portions 52, 53 extending in the vehicle front-rear direction, and has a generally triangular appearance in plan view in the bent state (FIG. 7) and the extended state (FIG. 8).

[0038] Both ends of the bottom side 51 are provided with rear connecting portions 54 that are rotatably connected to the first drawbar member 31. Annular connecting portions 55 are provided at the tips of the oblique side portions 52 and 53. The connecting portions 55 are lug eyes that can engage with a pintle hook provided on the full tractor 2 shown in FIG. 1 or other tractors.

[0039] Each rear connecting portion 54 is rotatably connected by a connecting pin (not shown) to a front connecting portion 46 provided in the front portion of the first drawbar member 31. More specifically, a through hole is provided in each of the rear connecting portion 54 of the second drawbar member 32 and the front connecting portion 46 of the first drawbar member 31. A second connecting pin is inserted into and straddles the through hole of the rear connecting portion 54 and the through hole of the front connecting portion 46, which are in communication with each other.

[0040] As a result, the second drawbar member 32 is rotatable relative to the first drawbar member 31 around the second connecting pin as a rotation axis. From another perspective, the second drawbar member 32 is rotatable relative to the first drawbar member 31 around the imaginary line R2 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 as a rotation axis. The imaginary line R2 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 is a line that coincides with the central axis of the second connecting pin. In the following description, the imaginary line R2 may be referred to as the "rotation axis R2."

[0041] As described above, the dolly 3 has two rotation axes (rotation axes R1 and R2). In other words, the dolly 3 has two joints. One of the joints is provided between the dolly frame 20 and the first drawbar member 31, and the other joint is provided between the first drawbar member 31 and the second drawbar member 32. As a result, the drawbar 30 is foldable. More specifically, the drawbar 30 is switchable between a bent state shown in FIG. 7 and an extended state shown in FIG. 8.

[0042] <Lock mechanism 80> 4 and other figures, the locking mechanism 80 is disposed inside the first drawbar member 31. The locking mechanism 80 restricts relative rotation between the first drawbar member 31 and the second drawbar member 32 when the drawbar 30 is in the extended state.

[0043] <Reflection and extension> 7, the first drawbar member 31 and the second drawbar member 32 are disposed at different heights. Furthermore, the first drawbar member 31 hangs down from the dolly frame 20 and is perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the dolly frame 20. On the other hand, the second drawbar member 32 is parallel or nearly parallel to the dolly frame 20 at a position lower than the first drawbar member 31.

[0044] From another perspective, in the bent state, the first drawbar member 31 is perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to the ground, while the second drawbar member 32 is parallel or approximately parallel to the ground at a position lower than the first drawbar member 31.

[0045] From yet another perspective, in the bent state, the dolly frame 20 and the second drawbar member 32 are parallel or approximately parallel to each other, while the first drawbar member 31 is non-parallel to the dolly frame 20 and the second drawbar member 32.

[0046] 8, the first drawbar member 31 and the second drawbar member 32 are disposed at the same height. Furthermore, both the first drawbar member 31 and the second drawbar member 32 are parallel or approximately parallel to the dolly frame 20. From another perspective, in the extended state, the first drawbar member 31 and the second drawbar member 32 are parallel or approximately parallel to the ground at the same height.

[0047] From yet another perspective, in the extended state, the dolly frame 20, the first drawbar member 31, and the second drawbar member 32 are parallel or approximately parallel to one another.

[0048] 7 and 8, it can be seen that the total length of the drawbar 30 in the extended state (the length of protrusion relative to the dolly frame 20) is longer than that in the bent state. In other words, it can be seen that the total length of the drawbar 30 in the bent state (the length of protrusion relative to the dolly frame 20) is shorter than that in the extended state.

[0049] When loading the bed C1 onto the full trailer 1, the drawbar 30 is bent. As a result, it becomes possible or easy to load the bed C1 onto the chassis 4 from the front of the full trailer 1. Similarly, when loading a container or the like onto the full trailer 1, the drawbar 30 is bent. As a result, it becomes possible or easy to load the container or the like onto the chassis 4 from the front of the full trailer 1. On the other hand, when connecting the full trailer 1 to the full tractor 2, the drawbar 30 is extended. As a result, a sufficient distance is secured between the full tractor 2 and the full trailer 1.

[0050] <Actuator 60> Fig. 9A is a plan view of the actuator 60, and Fig. 9B is a front view of the actuator 60. The actuator 60 switches the drawbar 30 between a bent state and an extended state.

[0051] The actuator 60 is made up of an airbag 61, a plate member 62, a guide member 63, etc., and is mounted on the dolly frame 20. A box 64 having opposing side walls 64a, 64b is fixed to the bottom surface of the dolly frame 20. The box 64 further has a top wall 64c, which is bolted to the connection portion 24 and cross member 23 of the dolly frame 20.

[0052] <Airbag 61> The airbag 61 is disposed in a box 64 and is bolted to the box 64. The airbag 61 is expandable in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. When a predetermined operation is performed, compressed air stored in the air tank 15 (see FIGS. 2 and 3) is supplied to the airbag 61, causing the airbag 61 to expand (inflate) in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. Note that the pneumatic system may be modified so that compressed air stored in other air tanks 14, 26 is supplied to the airbag 61.

[0053] <Plate member 62> The plate member 62 is a metal plate whose width is wider than the distance between the opposing side walls 64a, 64b of the box 64. The plate member 62 is attached to an end surface of the airbag 61, and both sides of the plate member 62 protrude outward from the box 64. More specifically, one side of the plate member 62 protrudes outward from the side wall 64a, and the other side of the plate member 62 protrudes outward from the side wall 64b.

[0054] The plate member 62 attached to the end surface of the airbag 61 moves in the front-to-rear direction of the vehicle as the airbag 61 expands and contracts. In other words, the plate member 62 is a movable part that can move in the front-to-rear direction of the vehicle.

[0055] <Guide member 63> The guide members 63 are attached to side walls 64a, 64b of the box 64. Each guide member 63 is expandable and contractable in response to the expansion and contraction of the airbag 61. More specifically, each guide member 63 includes a retaining cylinder 63a and a rod 63b inserted into the retaining cylinder 63a.

[0056] The retaining cylinder 63a of one guide member 63 is fixed to the outer surface of the side wall 64a, and the retaining cylinder 63a of the other guide member 63 is fixed to the outer surface of the side wall 64b. Furthermore, the tip of the rod 63b of one guide member 63 is connected to one side of the plate member 62 protruding from the side wall 64a, and the tip of the rod 63b of the other guide member 63 is connected to the other side of the plate member 62 protruding from the side wall 64b.

[0057] From another perspective, the end faces of the airbag 61 are connected to the side walls 64a, 64b of the box 64 via the plate member 62 and the guide member 63. As a result, the airbag 61 is prevented from sagging due to its own weight.

[0058] The rods 63b of the guide members 63 are pulled out of the retaining cylinders 63a when the plate members 62 move toward the front of the vehicle as the airbag 61 expands. On the other hand, the rods 63b of the guide members 63 are pulled into the retaining cylinders 63a when the plate members 62 move toward the rear of the vehicle as the airbag 61 contracts.

[0059] <Airbag 61 Operation> 10A and 10B are schematic diagrams showing the operation of the airbag 61. A roller 47 is attached to the long side portion 41 of the first drawbar member 31. More specifically, the roller 47 is attached to the center of the long side portion 41 in the longitudinal direction.

[0060] The roller 47 is rotatably supported and is in contact with a plate member 62 attached to an end surface of the airbag 61. Furthermore, the roller 47 is pressed against the plate member 62 by at least the weight of the first drawbar member 31.

[0061] 10A shows the airbag 61 in a deflated state with the drawbar 30 in a bent state, and FIG. 10B shows the airbag 61 in an extended state with the drawbar 30 in an extended state.

[0062] <Transition from flexion to extension> When compressed air is supplied to the airbag 61 shown in Fig. 10A, the airbag 61 expands. Then, the plate member 62 moves toward the front of the vehicle, and the roller 47 is pushed in the same direction. As a result, the first drawbar member 31 rotates upward relative to the dolly frame 20. In other words, the first drawbar member 31 rotates so as to protrude from the dolly frame 20. At this time, the roller 47 moves upward on the plate member 62 while rotating. In addition, the second drawbar member 32, not shown in Fig. 10A, rotates downward relative to the first drawbar member 31.

[0063] 10B, when the airbag 61 extends to the length shown in the figure and the roller 47 reaches the position shown in the figure, the first drawbar member 31 and the second drawbar member 32 are positioned at the same height and are parallel or approximately parallel to the dolly frame 20. In other words, the drawbar 30 is in an extended state.

[0064] Thereafter, the draw bar 30 is maintained in the extended state as long as the internal pressure of the air bag 61 is maintained. In other words, the weight of the draw bar 30 in the extended state is supported solely by the air bag 61.

[0065] <Transition from extension to flexion> When the airbag 61 shown in FIG. 10B is released to the atmosphere, the force supporting the weight of the drawbar 30 is lost. Then, the airbag 61 contracts, and the plate member 62 moves toward the rear of the vehicle. As a result, the first drawbar member 31 rotates downward relative to the dolly frame 20. In other words, the first drawbar member 31 rotates so as to hang down from the dolly frame 20. At this time, the roller 47 moves downward on the plate member 62 while rotating. In addition, the second drawbar member 32, not shown in FIG. 10B, rotates upward relative to the first drawbar member 31.

[0066] 10A, when the airbag 61 contracts to the length shown in the figure and the roller 47 reaches the position shown in the figure, the first drawbar member 31 hangs down from the dolly frame 20, and the second drawbar member 32 becomes parallel or approximately parallel to the dolly frame 20 at a position lower than the first drawbar member 31. In other words, the drawbar 30 becomes bent.

[0067] As described above, the state of draw bar 30 is switched between the retracted state and the extended state by supplying compressed air to air bag 61 or by releasing air bag 61 to the atmosphere. Therefore, it can be said that actuator 60 having air bag 61 is actuated by compressed air to switch draw bar 30 between the retracted state and the extended state.

[0068] <Air hose 16> Fig. 11A is a perspective view showing the chassis 4, dolly frame 20, and air hose 16 routed between the chassis 4 and dolly frame 20. Fig. 11B is a plan view of the structure shown in Fig. 11A seen from the back side. Fig. 12A is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in Fig. 11A. Fig. 12B is a perspective view of the exterior of the air hose 16. Note that Figs. 11A and 12A show the main rail 10 and cross member 11a of the chassis 4, and the main rail 22, cross member 23, and connection portion 24 of the dolly frame 20 of the dolly 3.

[0069] The air hose 16 is, for example, a rubber hose. A plurality of air hoses 16 (seven in this embodiment) are provided. The number of air hoses 16 is not limited to seven, and any suitable number of air hoses 16 may be provided depending on the specifications of the vehicle.

[0070] As described above, one end of the air hose 16 is connected to the cross member 11a that constitutes the chassis 4, and the other end of the air hose 16 is connected to the cross members 23a, 23b that constitute the dolly frame 20. Specifically, three of the multiple air hoses 16 are first air hoses 70 that are connected to the first cross member, cross member 23a. Four of the multiple air hoses 16 are second air hoses 71 that are connected to the second cross member, cross member 23b.

[0071] The cross member 23a of the dolly frame 20 has a surface that is parallel to the rotation axis R0 and extends in the left-right direction, and a plurality of first connection holes 230 are formed on that surface in accordance with the number of first air hoses 70. The first connection holes 230 are through-holes that penetrate the cross member 23a in the front-rear direction. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 11B, the first connection holes 230 are formed on the right side (one side) of the rotation axis R0 in the vehicle width direction. Sockets (first sockets) 84 inserted into each of the plurality of first connection holes 230 are connected to couplers 82 provided at the other ends of the first air hoses 70. In other words, the first air hoses 70 are provided with couplers 82, which are first couplers that connect to the sockets 84.

[0072] The coupler 82 extends rearward and to the right in the vehicle width direction on a plane intersecting the rotation axis R0. Specifically, the coupler 82 is connected from the rear to the socket 84 inserted into the first connection hole 230, and is inclined in a direction away from the rotation axis R0. More specifically, the coupler 82 is inclined toward the right (one side) with respect to the rotation axis R0.

[0073] The cross member 23b of the dolly frame 20 has a surface that is parallel to the rotation axis R0 and extends in the left-right direction, and a plurality of second connection holes 231 are formed on that surface in accordance with the number of second air hoses 71. The second connection holes 231 are through-holes that penetrate the cross member 23b in the front-rear direction. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 11B, the second connection holes 231 are formed on the left side (the other side) of the rotation axis R0 in the vehicle width direction. A socket (second socket) 85 inserted into each of the plurality of second connection holes 231 is connected to a coupler 83 connected to the other end of the second air hose 71. In other words, the second air hose 71 is provided with a coupler 83 that is a second coupler and is connected to the socket 85.

[0074] Coupler 83 extends leftward and forward in the vehicle width direction on a plane intersecting with rotation axis R0. Specifically, coupler 83 is connected from the front to socket 85 inserted into second connection hole 231 from the front side, and is inclined in a direction away from rotation axis R0. More specifically, coupler 83 is inclined toward the left (the other side) with respect to rotation axis R0.

[0075] The cross member 11a of the chassis 4 has a surface that intersects with the rotation axis R0 and extends in the left-right direction, and a plurality of third connection holes 110 and a plurality of fourth connection holes 111 are formed on that surface according to the number of air hoses 16. Sockets 86, 87 that are connected to one ends of the air hoses 16 are inserted into and fixed to the third connection holes 110 and the fourth connection holes 111. The third connection hole 110 is formed on the left side (the other side) of the cross member 11a with respect to the rotation axis R0 in the vehicle width direction. The fourth connection hole 111 is formed on the right side (one side) of the cross member 11a with respect to the rotation axis R0 in the vehicle width direction (see FIG. 11B).

[0076] A coupler 81 provided at one end of the first air hose 70 is connected from below to a socket (third socket) 86 inserted into each of the third connecting holes 110. In other words, the first air hose 70 is provided with a coupler 81 that connects to the socket 86 attached to the third connecting hole 110. Furthermore, a coupler 81 provided at one end of the second air hose 71 is connected from below to a socket (fourth socket) 87 inserted into each of the fourth connecting holes 111. In other words, the second air hose 71 is provided with a coupler 81 that connects to the socket 87 attached to the fourth connecting hole 111. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 12A , the coupler 81 provided at the air hose 16 extends along the rotation axis R0.

[0077] 11B, 12A, and 12B, each of the multiple air hoses 16 is made up of a first hose portion 161, a second hose portion 162, and a third hose portion 163. The first hose portion 161 is the side to which the coupler 81 is connected, and extends along the rotation axis R0. That is, in the first air hose 70, the first hose portion 161 is connected via the coupler 81 to a socket 86, which is a third socket, attached to the third connecting hole 110. In addition, in the second air hose 71, the first hose portion 161 is connected via the coupler 81 to a socket 87, which is a fourth socket, attached to the fourth connecting hole 111.

[0078] Second hose portion 162 is the side to which couplers 82, 83 are connected, and extends on a plane intersecting with rotation axis R0. That is, in first air hose 70, second hose portion 162 is connected to socket 84, which is a first socket attached to first connection hole 230, via coupler 82, which is a first coupler. In second air hose 71, second hose portion 162 is connected to socket 85, which is a second socket attached to second connection hole 231, via coupler 83, which is a second coupler. Third hose portion 163 connects first hose portion 161 and second hose portion 162, which extend in different directions.

[0079] As described above, the coupler 82 is inclined toward the right with respect to the rotation axis R0. Therefore, the second hose section 162 of the first air hose 70 is composed of a bent section 162a that is bent in an arc toward the right with respect to the rotation axis R0, and a straight section 162b that extends in a straight line from the end of the bent section 162a, passing behind the rotation axis R0, to near the bottom of the third connecting hole 110.

[0080] As described above, coupler 83 is inclined toward the left with respect to rotation axis R0. Therefore, second hose portion 162 of second air hose 71 is composed of bent portion 162c bent in an arc toward the left with respect to rotation axis R0, and straight portion 162d extending in a straight line from the end of bent portion 162c, passing forward with respect to rotation axis R0, to near the lower portion of fourth connecting hole 111. In other words, bent portions 162a and 162c of second hose portion 162 are curved in an arc toward the direction away from rotation axis R0 on a plane intersecting with rotation axis R0.

[0081] The first hose portion 161 extends along the rotation axis R0, and the second hose portion 162 extends on a plane intersecting with the rotation axis R0. Therefore, the third hose portion 163 is curved in the vertical direction of the vehicle. In other words, the third hose portion 163 is a rising portion of the air hose 16 that rises upward from the second hose portion 162 (see FIG. 12A).

[0082] Because the first hose portion 161, the second hose portion 162, and the third hose portion 163 have the above-described shapes, each of the multiple air hoses 16 is arranged in a spiral shape below the chassis 4. In particular, because the second hose portion 162 has the above-described shape, the first air hose 70 and the second air hose 71 face each other in the front-rear direction in a partial region across the rotation axis R0, as shown in Fig. 11B. Specifically, the straight portion 162b of the second hose portion 162 of the first air hose 70 and the straight portion 162d of the second hose portion 162 of the second air hose 71 face each other in the front-rear direction across the rotation axis R0.

[0083] The first hose portion 161, the third hose portion 163, and the straight portion 162b of the second hose portion 162 of the first air hose 70 are located inside (i.e., on the side closer to the rotation axis R0) the bent portion 162c of the second hose portion 162 of the second air hose 71. Similarly, the first hose portion 161, the third hose portion 163, and the straight portion 162d of the second hose portion 162 of the second air hose 71 are located inside (i.e., on the side closer to the rotation axis R0) the bent portion 162a of the second hose portion 162 of the first air hose 70.

[0084] Therefore, even when the dolly 3 rotates about the rotation axis R0 relative to the chassis 4, the first air hose 70 and the second air hose 71 are prevented from interfering with each other, and the air hoses 16 are prevented from becoming tangled and stretched. As a result, the air hose 16 can follow the rotation of the dolly 3, and therefore, the rotation of the dolly 3 is prevented from being hindered.

[0085] Additionally, the second hose portions 162 of the multiple air hoses 16 extend on a plane intersecting with the rotation axis R0. Therefore, unlike when the air hoses 16 are routed with the second hose portions 162 hanging down, the air hoses 16 are prevented from coming into contact with other components (such as air chambers) provided on the rear surface of the dolly frame 20 when the vehicle height is lowered. As a result, the air hoses 16 are prevented from being damaged by contact.

[0086] <Compressed air circuit> Figure 13 is a circuit diagram showing a portion of the compressed air circuit 90 of the full trailer 1. Note that Figure 13 mainly shows only the minimum configuration necessary for understanding the present invention. For this reason, Figure 13 shows only some of the air hoses 16 out of the multiple air hoses 16 provided on the full trailer 1.

[0087] The air hose 16 connects the pneumatic equipment and the air tank 26 mounted on the dolly 3 with the pneumatic equipment and the air tanks 14, 15 mounted on the chassis 4, and is a flow path through which compressed air flows.

[0088] 13, the dolly 3 has an air bag 91 for suspending the front wheels, the air tank 26 described above for storing compressed air for braking, and the air bag 61 described above. The chassis 4 has a control valve 92 for adjusting the vehicle height in the front wheel suspension, the air tanks 14 and 15 described above, a pilot valve 93, and a relay emergency valve 94.

[0089] A conduit 901 is connected to the air bag 91, and is connected to a conduit 910 connected to a control valve 92 provided on the chassis 4 by one air hose 16a of the plurality of air hoses 16. In other words, the air bag 91 is connected to the control valve 92 by the air hose 16a.

[0090] The relay emergency valve 94 is connected to a pipe 902. When the full trailer 1 is coupled to the full tractor 2, it is coupled to the pneumatic equipment of the full tractor 2. When the driver applies the brakes, control air is supplied to the relay emergency valve 94.

[0091] A pipe 903 is connected to the air tank 26. The pipe 903 is connected to a pipe 911, to which a braking air tank 14 mounted on the chassis 4 is connected, by one air hose 16b of the plurality of air hoses 16. That is, the air tank 26 is connected to the air tank 14 by the air hose 16b. The air tank 26 is also connected to a pipe 906 branching from the pipe 905 via a relay emergency valve 94.

[0092] The dolly 3 is provided with a conduit 905 that is connected to pneumatic equipment of the full tractor 2 when the full trailer 1 is coupled to the full tractor 2. This conduit 905 is connected to a conduit 913 to which a pilot valve 93 is connected by an air hose 16d, one of the plurality of air hoses 16. In other words, the air hose 16d couples the pneumatic equipment of the full tractor 2 to the pilot valve 93.

[0093] In the following description, the pipeline 905, the pipeline 913, and the air hose 16d may be referred to as a first pipeline. For this reason, a part of the first pipeline is constituted by an air hose 16d having one end connected to the cross member 11a of the chassis 4 and the other end connected to the cross members 23a, 23b of the dolly frame 20. In addition, since the pipeline 905 is connected to the pneumatic equipment of the full tractor 2 as described above, the first pipeline is in communication with the full tractor 2 connected via the dolly.

[0094] A conduit 904 is connected to the airbag 61. The conduit 904 is connected to a conduit 912, to which an air tank 15 provided on the chassis 4 is connected, by an air hose 16c, one of the plurality of air hoses 16. In other words, the airbag 61 is connected to the air tank 15 by the air hose 16c. In addition, a pilot valve 93 is provided in the conduit 912 to control the supply and discharge of compressed air to and from the airbag 61.

[0095] In the following description, the conduit 904, the conduit 912, and the air hose 16c may be referred to as a second conduit that connects the air bag 61 and the air tank 15. Therefore, a part of the second conduit is formed by the air hose 16c, one end of which is connected to the cross member 11a of the chassis 4, and the other end of which is connected to the cross members 23a, 23b of the dolly frame 20. In addition, since the pilot valve 93 is provided in the conduits 912, 913, it can be said that the pilot valve 93 is provided in the first conduit and the second conduit.

[0096] By the compressed air circuit 90 having the above configuration, compressed air is supplied to the air bag 61 when the full trailer 1 is not connected to the full tractor 2, and compressed air is exhausted from the air bag 61 when the full trailer 1 is connected to the full tractor 2. Below, we will explain separately when the full trailer 1 and full tractor 2 are not connected and when they are connected.

[0097] <When full trailer 1 and full tractor 2 are not connected> When the full trailer 1 and the full tractor 2 are not connected, as described above, the drawbar 30 is switched between the extended state and the bent state. Therefore, when the full trailer 1 and the full tractor 2 are not connected and the connection between them is released, compressed air can be supplied to and discharged from the air tank 15 to the air bag 61.

[0098] Specifically, because the full trailer 1 is not connected to the full tractor 2, the conduit 905 is not in communication with the pneumatic equipment of the full tractor 2. That is, the operating air (pilot air) does not flow through the first conduit, which is the conduit 905, the air hose 16d, and the conduit 913. Therefore, the operating air (pilot air) is not supplied to the pilot valve 93 provided on the chassis 4. In this case, the pilot valve 93 is set to side A shown in FIG. 12. That is, the pilot valve 93 connects the air tank 15 of the second conduit with the air bag 61. Therefore, the compressed air stored in the air tank 15 is supplied to the air bag 61 via the conduit 912, the air hose 16c, and the conduit 904. This enables the draw bar 30 to be switched between the extended state and the retracted state as described above.

[0099] <When full trailer 1 and full tractor 2 are connected> When the full trailer 1 and the full tractor 2 are coupled, the drawbar 30 is in the extended state described above. When the full trailer 1 and the full tractor 2 are coupled, the conduit 905 communicates with the pneumatic equipment of the full tractor 2. As a result, working air (pilot air) flows through the first conduit, that is, the conduit 905, the air hose 16d, and the conduit 913. As a result, working air is supplied to the pilot valve 93.

[0100] When pilot air is supplied, the pilot valve 93 switches to side B shown in Fig. 12. This blocks communication between the air bag 61 and the air tank 15 in the second pipe line, and the compressed air stored in the air bag 61 is discharged into the atmosphere. That is, when the full tractor 2 is connected and the first pipe line is connected to the pneumatic equipment of the full tractor 2, the pilot valve 93 is actuated by the working air flowing through the first pipe line to block communication between the air tank 15 and the air bag 61. This causes the compressed air to be discharged from the air bag 61.

[0101] As described above, when the full trailer 1 and the full tractor 2 are coupled together, the relative rotation between the first drawbar member 31 and the second drawbar member 32 in the extended drawbar 30 is restricted by the locking mechanism 80. Therefore, when the vehicle is traveling, the first drawbar member 31 rotates relative to the dolly frame 20 about the rotation axis R1 due to the influence of vibrations and the like.

[0102] As described above, the first drawbar member 31 is in contact with the plate member 62 attached to the end surface of the airbag 61 via the roller 47. Therefore, when the first drawbar member 31 rotates relative to the dolly frame 20 due to vibrations while the vehicle is traveling, a force acts on the airbag 61 in the expansion / contraction direction via the plate member 62. As a result, if compressed air is stored in the airbag 61 while the vehicle is traveling, a repulsive force acts on the drawbar 30, hindering the rotation of the first drawbar member 31 relative to the dolly frame 20.

[0103] In contrast, in this embodiment, when the full trailer 1 with the drawbar 30 in the extended state is coupled to the full tractor 2 and the first pipe is connected to the pneumatic equipment of the full tractor 2, the compressed air stored in the airbag 61 is automatically discharged. Therefore, even if the first drawbar member 31 rotates relative to the dolly frame 20 due to vibrations while the vehicle is traveling, no repulsive force is generated from the airbag 61 against the drawbar 30. In other words, the relative rotation of the first drawbar member 31 with respect to the dolly frame 20 is prevented from being hindered.

[0104] Furthermore, for example, in a configuration in which an operator operates an operating valve to discharge the compressed air in the airbag 61, there is a risk that the airbag 61 will not be deflated and the vehicle will run with compressed air filled in the airbag 61 if the operator forgets to operate the operating valve, etc. In contrast, in this embodiment, after the full trailer 1 and the full tractor 2 are coupled, the compressed air in the airbag 61 is automatically discharged by operation of the pilot valve 93. As a result, when the full trailer 1 and the full tractor 2 are coupled, the airbag 61 is deflated, which prevents the vehicle from running with compressed air filled in the airbag 61.

[0105] Although various embodiments and modifications have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these. Other embodiments that are conceivable within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention are also included within the scope of the present invention.

[0106] In the above-described embodiment, the drawbar 30 is switchable between a retracted state and an extended state, but this is not limitative. That is, the drawbar 30 does not have to be retracted. In this case, the full trailer 1 does not need to be equipped with the actuator 60.

[0107] Furthermore, when the drawbar 30 is in the extended state, the dolly frame 20, the first drawbar member 31, and the second drawbar member 32 are parallel or approximately parallel to one another, but the first drawbar member 31 and the second drawbar member 32 may be disposed at different heights. From another perspective, the extended state of the drawbar 30 is not limited to a state in which the first drawbar member 31 and the second drawbar member 32 are disposed at the same height.

[0108] Furthermore, the actuator 60 may have an air chamber or an air cylinder instead of the air bag 61. In other words, the actuator 60 may have a configuration that can be operated by compressed air. [Explanation of symbols]

[0109] 1 full trailer, 2 full tractor, 3 dolly, 4 chassis, 10 main rail, 11, 11a cross member, 12 rear bumper, 13 side guard, 14, 15 air tank, 16, 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d air hose, 20 dolly frame, 21 turntable, 21a, 21b rotating ring, 22 main rail, 23, 23a, 23b cross member, 24 connection portion, 25 round hole, 26 air tank, 27 drawbar connecting portion, 30 drawbar, 31 first drawbar member, 32 second drawbar member, 41, 42 long side portion, 43, 44 short side portion, 45 rear connecting portion, 46 front connecting portion, 47 roller, 51 bottom portion, 52, 53 oblique side portion, 54 rear connecting portion, 55 connecting portion, 60 actuator, 61 air bag, 62 plate member, 63 guide member, 63a retaining tube, 63b rod, 64 box, 64a, 64b side wall, 64c top wall, 70 first air hose, 71 second air hose, 80 locking mechanism, 81, 82, 83 Coupler, 84, 84, 86, 87 Socket, 90 Compressed air circuit, 91 Air bag, 92 Control valve, 93 Pilot valve, 94 Relay emergency valve, 110 Third connection hole, 111 Fourth connection hole, 161 First hose section, 162 Second hose section, 162a, 162c Bend section, 162b, 162d Straight section, 163 Third hose section, 230 First connection hole, 231 Second connection hole, 901, 902, 903, 904, 905, 910, 911, 912, 913 Pipe, C1, C2 Cargo bed, R0, R1, R2 Rotation axis (imaginary straight line)

Claims

1. The chassis and a dolly having a drawbar and a frame rotatably connected to the chassis and to which one end of the drawbar is connected; a plurality of air hoses, one end of which is connected to the chassis and the other end of which is connected to the frame; The frame has a cross member extending along a vehicle width direction intersecting with a front-rear direction of the vehicle, A full trailer, wherein each of a plurality of air hoses has a first hose portion that extends in a direction along the rotation axis of the frame and is connected to the chassis, a second hose portion that extends on a plane that intersects with the rotation axis and is connected to the cross member, and a third hose portion that connects the first hose portion and the second hose portion.

2. The cross member includes a first cross member and a second cross member that face each other in the front-rear direction with the rotation axis therebetween, 2. The full trailer according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of air hoses includes a first air hose connected to the first cross member and a plurality of second air hoses connected to the second cross member.

3. 3. The full trailer according to claim 2, wherein a portion of the first air hose and a portion of the second air hose face each other in the front-rear direction with the rotation shaft therebetween.

4. the first cross member is provided with a first connection hole to which a first socket is attached, the first socket being connected to the second hose portion of the first air hose; the second cross member is provided with a second connection hole to which a second socket connected to the second hose portion of the second air hose is attached, the first connection hole is provided on one side of the rotation shaft in the vehicle width direction, The full trailer according to claim 3 , wherein the second connection hole is provided on the other side of the rotary shaft in the vehicle width direction.

5. the chassis is provided with a third connection hole to which a third socket connected to the first hose portion of the first air hose is attached, and a fourth connection hole to which a fourth socket connected to the first hose portion of the second air hose is attached, the fourth connection hole is provided on one side of the rotation shaft in the vehicle width direction, The full trailer according to claim 4 , wherein the third connection hole is provided on the other side of the rotary shaft in the vehicle width direction.

6. the second hose portion of the first air hose is provided with a first coupler that is connected to the first socket, the second hose portion of the second air hose is provided with a second coupler that is connected to the second socket, the first coupler is inclined to one side away from the rotation shaft in the vehicle width direction, 6. The full trailer according to claim 5, wherein the second coupler is inclined to the other side away from the rotation shaft in the vehicle width direction.

7. The full trailer according to claim 6, wherein the second hose portion is curved in an arc shape in a direction away from the rotation shaft on a plane intersecting the rotation shaft.

Images