Biomass drying system and biomass drying method

Abstract

To provide a technique capable of efficiently drying biomass.SOLUTION: A biomass drying system 100 uses biochar to ferment and dry biomass BM, and its dried material is then carbonized for effective utilization as solid fuel or fertilizer. A part of the produced carbonized material adsorbs easily decomposable organic matter, is mixed with biomass BM, and is reused in fermentation and drying (carbonized material CB which adsorbs the easily decomposable organic matter). An adsorption amount for materials serving as nutrients for microorganisms can be increased by using carbonized material having a small particle size. obtained by sieving the produced carbonized material. In addition, the carbonized material can be functioned as a carrier for microorganisms contributing to fermentation by mixing carbonized material having a large particle size obtained by sieving the produced carbonized material with biomass BM. This promotes microbial growth and the accompanying increase in fermentation heat, while also helping maintain the fermentation state.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a system for drying biomass and a method for drying biomass. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a technology in which waste such as food waste is mixed with a carbonized material, heated in a pressurized atmosphere, and then the temperature is lowered to ferment and decompose the waste. Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for drying sludge using heat from fermentation. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 8-141546 [Patent Document 2] Patent Publication No. 2021-159800 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] When biomass is used as solid fuel or carbonized material, it needs to be dried (reduced in moisture content).

[0005] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a technology that can efficiently dry biomass. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The present invention employs the following solutions to solve the above-mentioned problems. Note that the following solutions are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited to these. The present invention can be an invention that includes at least one of the invention-specifying matters shown in the following solutions. Furthermore, each invention-specifying matter shown in the following solutions can be made into a subordinate concept by adding an element that limits the invention-specifying matter, or can be made into a superordinate concept by removing an element that limits the invention-specifying matter.

[0007] Solution 1: The biomass drying system of this solution is a biomass drying system that includes a fermentation section that ferments biomass, a drying section that dries the biomass fermented in the fermentation section, a production section that carbonizes the biomass dried in the drying section to produce a carbonized product, and an input section that adsorbs easily decomposable organic matter onto a portion of the carbonized product produced in the production section and inputs the adsorbed material into the fermentation section.

[0008] According to this solution, easily decomposable organic matter is adsorbed onto a portion of the carbonized material and then introduced into the fermentation section, thereby promoting the fermentation of biomass by the carbonized material and the easily decomposable organic matter, and as a result, the biomass can be dried efficiently.

[0009] Solution 2: The biomass drying system of this solution is a biomass drying system characterized in that, in any of the solutions described above, it is provided with a re-introduction section that removes a portion of the biomass undergoing fermentation in the fermentation section and introduces the removed biomass undergoing fermentation into the fermentation section together with newly introduced biomass.

[0010] According to this solution, part of the biomass undergoing fermentation is reintroduced into the fermentation section, thereby increasing the temperature in the fermentation section and promoting the fermentation of the biomass.

[0011] Solution 3: The biomass drying system of this solution is a biomass drying system characterized in that, in any of the solutions described above, the fermentation unit comprises a cylindrical main body into which biomass is fed, and agitator blades that are arranged inside the main body and aerate the biomass with warm air while agitating it.

[0012] According to this solution, the fermentation section is made up of a main body and stirring blades, and therefore, even though it has a simple configuration, it can efficiently dry biomass.

[0013] Solution 4: The biomass drying system of this solution is a biomass drying system characterized in that, in any of the solutions described above, it is provided with a hot air generation unit that generates the hot air by utilizing exhaust air generated from the fermentation unit and outside air.

[0014] According to this solution, since the hot air generating section is provided, the exhaust air can be reused as hot air.

[0015] Solution 5: The biomass drying system of this solution is a biomass drying system characterized in that, in any of the solutions described above, a portion of the carbonized material generated in the generation section is used for deodorization in the hot air generation section.

[0016] According to this solution, a portion of the carbonized material generated in the generating section is used for deodorizing the hot air generating section, so that the carbonized material can be used effectively.

[0017] Solution 6: The biomass drying system of this solution is a biomass drying system characterized in that, in any of the solutions described above, a portion of the carbonized material produced in the production section is used as a breathability improver for the fermentation section.

[0018] According to this solution, a portion of the carbonized material produced in the production section is used as a gas permeability improver in the fermentation section, so that the carbonized material can be used effectively.

[0019] Solution 7: The biomass drying system of this solution is a biomass drying system characterized in that, in any of the solutions described above, the fermentation section comprises a storage area for storing biomass, and a fermentation area to which the biomass stored in the storage area is next moved, where the biomass is fermented.

[0020] According to this solution, the fermentation section includes a storage area and a fermentation area, so that the moisture content of the biomass can be reduced in the storage area.

[0021] Solution 8: The biomass drying system of this solution is a biomass drying system characterized in that, in any of the solutions described above, between the storage area and the fermentation area, a fixed lattice member and a rotating member that is positioned below the lattice member, rotates once every certain period of time, and has an opening that allows biomass to pass through.

[0022] According to this solution, a fixed lattice member and a rotating member are arranged between the storage area and the fermentation area, so that biomass can be supplied little by little from the storage area to the fermentation area.

[0023] Solution 9: The biomass drying system of this solution is a biomass drying system characterized in that, in any of the solutions described above, the input section sifts the carbonized material produced in the generation section into large-particle-size carbonized material and small-particle-size carbonized material, and then inputs only the large-particle-size carbonized material, only the small-particle-size carbonized material, or both the large-particle-size carbonized material and the small-particle-size carbonized material into the fermentation section after adsorbing the easily decomposable organic matter.

[0024] According to this solution, carbonized material having a desired particle size can be introduced into the fermentation section by sieving.

[0025] Solution 10: The method for drying biomass of this solution is a method for drying biomass including a fermentation process in which biomass is fermented in a fermentation section, a drying process in which the biomass fermented in the fermentation process is dried, a production process in which the biomass dried in the drying process is carbonized to produce a carbonized product, and an introduction process in which easily decomposable organic matter is adsorbed onto a portion of the carbonized product produced in the production process and the carbonized product is introduced into the fermentation section.

[0026] According to this solution, easily decomposable organic matter is adsorbed onto a portion of the carbonized material and then introduced into the fermentation section, thereby promoting the fermentation of biomass by the carbonized material and the easily decomposable organic matter, and as a result, the biomass can be dried efficiently. [Effects of the Invention]

[0027] According to the present invention, biomass can be dried efficiently. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0028] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a biomass drying system 100 according to a first embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a process diagram showing a method for drying biomass. [Figure 3] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the configuration of a biomass drying system 100-2 according to a second embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0029] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the following embodiment is a preferred example of a biomass drying system and a biomass drying method, and the present invention is not limited to this example.

[0030] [First embodiment] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a biomass drying system 100 according to the first embodiment. The biomass drying system 100 includes a fermenter 10 (fermentation section), a drying device 20 (drying section), a carbonization furnace 30 (generation section), an input device 40 (input section), an input device 41, a heat exchanger 50 (hot air generation section), and a re-input device 60 (re-input section).

[0031] The fermenter 10 is a container in which biomass BM (sludge) is fermented. The size of the fermenter 10 is, for example, about 10 m in height and 5 m in width. As an initial operation of the biomass drying system 100, about 70% of the biomass BM is charged into the fermenter 10 and fermented for about 1 to 2 weeks. As a subsequent operation of the biomass drying system 100, about several tons of biomass BM is charged from the top of the fermenter 10 each day, while about several tons of biomass BM is removed from the bottom of the fermenter 10, and this process is repeated every day.

[0032] The drying device 20 is a device that dries the biomass BM fermented in the fermenter 10. The carbonization furnace 30 is a device that carbonizes the biomass BM dried in the drying device 20 to generate a carbonized material.

[0033] The carbonized material produced in the carbonization furnace 30 can be used as is, or it can be used after being processed to pelletize the produced carbonized material (pelletization process) or by washing the produced carbonized material with water to remove alkali content (alkali removal process).

[0034] Pelletization is a process in which a binder (slag, ash molasses, organic resin, etc.) is added to the produced charcoal and then granulated in a granulator. Granulated charcoal makes it easier to process during composting. Furthermore, when carbonized material and waste biomass are mixed and composted, it is preferable for the carbonized material to be neutral rather than alkaline, so the carbonized material can be made neutral by performing an alkali removal process. The pelletization process and alkali removal process may be performed on all of the produced carbonized material, or only on the carbonized material that adsorbs easily decomposable organic substances, or only on the carbonized material that does not adsorb easily decomposable organic substances.

[0035] The feeding device 40 (first feeding device) is a device that adsorbs easily decomposable organic matter onto a portion (e.g., several to several tens of percent) of the carbonized material produced in the carbonization furnace 30 and feeds the adsorbed easily decomposable organic matter into the fermentation tank 10. The carbonized material CB with easily decomposable organic matter adsorbed thereon is mixed with the biomass BM when fed into the fermentation tank 10. The carbonized material CB with easily decomposable organic matter adsorbed thereon can be fed into the fermentation tank 10 or the biomass BM after fermentation. The easily decomposable organic matter is preferably a material that serves as nutrition for microorganisms. Examples of easily decomposable organic matter include sugars, organic acids, proteins, and waste oils (e.g., waste cooking oil, animal and vegetable oils, lubricating oil waste, fuel oil waste, tar and pitch waste oil, waste solvents, etc.).

[0036] On the other hand, the input device 41 (second input device) is a device that inputs a portion of the carbonized material produced in the carbonization furnace 30 into the fermentation tank 10 without adsorbing easily decomposable organic matter. In this case, the biomass BM after fermentation is used as an air permeability improver (for example, a material that improves air permeability, a desiccant, etc.).

[0037] By adsorbing easily decomposable organic matter onto the carbonized material, not only is the carbonized material impregnated with nutrients, but the carbonized material also serves as a carrier for the growth of microorganisms, facilitating their growth and promoting fermentation. Note that a portion of the carbonized material produced in the carbonization furnace 30 is fed into the fermentation tank 10, but the remainder of the carbonized material produced in the carbonization furnace 30 can be used for other purposes.

[0038] Carbonized material is produced in the carbonization furnace 30 throughout the day. For example, if the facility operates for eight hours, carbonization continues during that time. Meanwhile, new biomass BM and carbonized material CB with easily decomposable organic matter adsorbed thereon are added once or multiple times a day. At that time, the same amount of biomass BM that is to be added to the drying device 20 after the fermentation process is completed is also extracted.

[0039] The heat exchanger 50 is a device that generates hot air using the exhaust air generated from the fermenter 10 and outside air (a device that utilizes waste heat). The exhaust air generated from the fermenter 10 has a temperature of about 60°C and a humidity of about 100%. Therefore, using this exhaust air as is is good in terms of temperature, but not good in terms of drying. Therefore, the heat exchanger 50 mixes it with outside air (about 10 to 30°C) which has low humidity and temperature. The heat exchanger 50 brings the final temperature of the exhaust air to about 40°C. Instead of lowering the temperature of the exhaust air, the heat exchanger 50 also lowers the humidity, making it easier to use as hot air ventilation. The hot air ventilation generated by the heat exchanger 50 is blown out from the agitator blades 12 and used to dry the biomass BM.

[0040] The re-introduction device 60 is a device that removes a portion of the biomass BM that is fermenting in the fermenter 10 and introduces the removed biomass BM that is fermenting together with newly introduced biomass BM into the fermenter 10. The biomass BM is removed by opening a window (not shown) located on the side of the fermenter 10 for a certain period of time.

[0041] The primary role of the biomass drying system 100 is to dry the biomass BM. To dry the biomass BM, the temperature of the biomass BM must be raised. The temperature of the biomass BM reaches its highest approximately one to two days after the biomass BM is added. Therefore, by removing a portion of the biomass BM from the hottest part and adding it together with newly added biomass BM and carbonized CB with easily decomposable organic matter adsorbed, the temperature of the newly added biomass BM can also be raised. Because microorganisms are more active at higher temperatures, placing the microorganisms in an area with as high a temperature as possible can speed up the initiation of fermentation. While return composting is a commonly used technique, it is a technique for returning compost with a moisture content of 40% after fermentation processing to its original state. There is no technique for returning compost midway through the fermentation process by focusing on the temperature rise.

[0042] The fermenter 10 comprises a cylindrical main body 11 into which biomass BM is introduced, and an agitator blade 12 disposed inside the main body 11 and agitating the biomass BM while ventilating it with warm air. The main body 11 has an inlet (not shown) for the biomass BM at its top, and an outlet (not shown) for the biomass BM at its bottom. The agitator blade 12 rotates approximately once to several dozen times per day. Warm air supplied from the heat exchanger 50 is blown out of the agitator blade 12, so the biomass BM can also be dried by the warm air ventilation.

[0043] A portion of the carbonized material produced in the carbonization furnace 30 is used for deodorization in the heat exchanger 50. In this case, the feeding device 40 may transfer a portion of the carbonized material to the heat exchanger 50, or another device may transfer a portion of the carbonized material to the heat exchanger 50. Note that the carbonized material used for deodorization may be carbonized material that has been determined by sieving (details will be described later) to be incapable of being fed into the fermentation tank 10.

[0044] Furthermore, a portion of the carbonized material produced in the carbonization furnace 30 is used as an air permeability improver for the fermentation tank 10. In this case, the feeding device 41 may transfer a portion of the carbonized material to the fermentation tank 10, or another device may transfer a portion of the carbonized material to the fermentation tank 10. The carbonized material absorbs moisture, and therefore can reduce the moisture content of the biomass BM. Note that the carbonized material here does not adsorb easily decomposable organic matter, but it may adsorb easily decomposable organic matter. Note that the carbonized material used as an air permeability improver may be carbonized material that has been determined by sieving to be incompatible with being fed into the fermentation tank 10.

[0045] The input device 40 sifts the carbonized material produced in the carbonization furnace 30 into large-particle-size carbonized material (for example, carbonized material with a particle size of 1 mm or more) and small-particle-size carbonized material (for example, carbonized material with a particle size of less than 1 mm), and inputs only the large-particle-size carbonized material, only the small-particle-size carbonized material, or both the large-particle-size carbonized material and the small-particle-size carbonized material into the fermentation tank 10. The sieving can be performed using a sieving device that uses a net.

[0046] Carbonized materials with large particle sizes are effective as carriers for microorganisms, facilitating the growth of microorganisms. On the other hand, carbonized materials with small particle sizes are too small to be used as carriers for microorganisms, but the smaller the particle size, the larger the surface area, and therefore the greater the amount of easily decomposable organic matter adsorbed. Therefore, if you want to increase the amount of easily decomposable organic matter and increase the amount of nutrients for microorganisms, it is preferable to use carbonized materials with small particle sizes.

[0047] Depending on the material and amount of biomass BM used, either large-grained carbonized material or small-grained carbonized material can be used alone, or a mixture of both can be used. For example, if "100" carbonized material is produced, "10" of it can be put into the fermentation tank 10, and the remaining "90" can be used as carbonized material. Also, for example, if "6" of the "10" is large-grained carbonized material and "4" is small-grained carbonized material, and only the large-grained carbonized material is put into the fermentation tank 10, "6" can be put into the fermentation tank 10, and the remaining "94" can be used as carbonized material.

[0048] Each material (biomass BM, charcoal CB with easily decomposable organic matter adsorbed thereon, charcoal, etc.) can be moved using a transport means or moving means (for example, a belt conveyor, etc.) not shown. Dewatered sludge as biomass BM is fed into the fermentation tank 10 at a moisture content of about 60%, and is dried by fermentation to a moisture content of about 40%. Since drying by fermentation can only reach a moisture content of about 40%, the sludge is then dried in the drying device 20 to become dried sludge with a moisture content of about 20%.

[0049] FIG. 2 is a process diagram showing a method for drying biomass. The method for drying biomass includes a fermentation step S10, a drying step S20, a production step S30, and an input step S40. The fermentation step S10 is a step in which the biomass BM is fermented in a fermenter 10. The drying step S20 is a step in which the biomass BM fermented in the fermentation step S10 is dried in a drying device 20. The generating step S30 is a step of carbonizing the biomass BM dried in the drying step S20 in a carbonization furnace 30 to generate a carbonized material. The charging step S40 is a step in which the charging device 40 causes easily decomposable organic matter to be adsorbed onto a part of the carbonized material produced in the production step S30 and charges the carbonized material into the fermentation tank 10.

[0050] The biomass drying system 100 uses biochar (a carbonized material obtained by carbonizing biomass BM) to ferment and dry biomass BM, and then carbonizes the dried material, allowing it to be effectively used as solid fuel or fertilizer.

[0051] A portion of the produced charcoal is adsorbed with readily decomposable organic matter, mixed with biomass BM, and reused for fermentation and drying (charcoal CB with readily decomposable organic matter adsorbed). By using small-particle charcoal obtained by sieving the produced charcoal, the amount of material that serves as nutrients for microorganisms can be increased. On the other hand, by mixing large-particle charcoal obtained by sieving the produced charcoal with biomass BM, the charcoal can function as a carrier for microorganisms that contribute to fermentation. This promotes the growth of microorganisms and the accompanying increase in fermentation heat, while also maintaining the fermentation state. A portion of the fermenting biomass BM can also be mixed with biomass BM as return compost, maintaining a high-temperature environment favoring thermophilic bacteria and shortening the fermentation and drying process.

[0052] As described above, the first embodiment has the following advantages. (1) According to the biomass drying system 100 of the first embodiment, easily decomposable organic matter is adsorbed onto a portion of the carbonized material before being introduced into the fermentation tank 10. This allows the carbonized material and easily decomposable organic matter to promote fermentation of the biomass BM, resulting in efficient drying of the biomass BM. Even if there were a technique for returning the carbonized material to the fermentation tank, the idea of ​​adsorbing easily decomposable organic matter onto the carbonized material would be unimaginable to a person skilled in the art. This is because easily decomposable organic matter is a substance that is easily decomposed by microorganisms, and therefore adsorbing it onto the carbonized material does not have any particular effect on the carbonized material.

[0053] (2) According to the first embodiment, a portion of the biomass BM undergoing fermentation is recharged into the fermenter 10, and therefore the temperature of the fermenter 10 can be increased to promote the fermentation of the biomass BM.

[0054] (3) According to the first embodiment, the fermenter 10 is made up of the main body 11 and the stirring blades 12. Therefore, even though the configuration is simple, the biomass BM can be dried efficiently.

[0055] (4) According to the first embodiment, the heat exchanger 50 is provided, so that the exhaust air can be reused as hot air.

[0056] (5) According to the first embodiment, a part of the carbonized material produced in the carbonization furnace 30 is used for deodorization in the heat exchanger 50, and therefore the carbonized material can be used effectively.

[0057] (6) According to the first embodiment, a part of the carbonized material produced in the carbonization furnace 30 is used as a gas permeability improver for the fermenter 10, so that the carbonized material can be effectively utilized.

[0058] (7) According to the first embodiment, carbonized material having a desired particle size can be introduced into the fermenter 10 by sieving.

[0059] (8) According to the first embodiment of the biomass drying method, easily decomposable organic matter is adsorbed onto a portion of the carbonized material and then introduced into the fermentation tank 10. This allows the carbonized material and the easily decomposable organic matter to promote fermentation of the biomass BM, and as a result, the biomass BM can be dried efficiently.

[0060] (9) Adding carbonized materials is beneficial for fermentation, but it requires material purchasing costs. Therefore, in the first embodiment, a portion of the produced biochar is circulated. This allows the biochar to adjust the moisture content and deodorize the fermenter 10, while also promoting fermentation by acting as a carrier for microorganisms. The biochar also adsorbs easily decomposable organic matter, further promoting fermentation, and efficiently dries the high-moisture biomass BM.

[0061] (10) When using biomass as solid fuel or charcoal, it is necessary to reduce its moisture content. One method for doing so is to aerobically ferment the biomass using microorganisms and use the heat of fermentation to reduce the moisture content (see, for example, Journal of the Japanese Society of Pig Science, Vol. 55, No. 2, pp. 37-47). The fermentation temperature is 60-80°C, but it takes about a day to reach that temperature. Various materials are required to support the microbial fermentation. A typical material used in this case is activated clay, which is generated after oil filtration during oil refining. However, the amount of activated clay used increases the ash content of the biomass after drying, making the use of charcoal unsuitable for some applications.

[0062] Therefore, in the first embodiment, carbonized material produced from biomass BM is added during the fermentation of biomass BM. Furthermore, readily decomposable organic matter is adsorbed onto the carbonized material, promoting fermentation by acting as a carrier and nutrient for microorganisms. In this way, by not using activated clay, material costs and ash content can be reduced. Furthermore, by removing the high-temperature biomass BM during fermentation and adding it back together with untreated biomass BM, the time until the heat of fermentation rises can be shortened, allowing thermophilic fermentation bacteria to grow preferentially, and maintaining an environment of 60°C or higher. Furthermore, according to the first embodiment, thermophilic bacteria predominate in fermentation, and the time required for fermentation and drying can be reduced (e.g., from two weeks to one week or less). Furthermore, by mixing and reusing the carbonized material after fermentation and drying as an auxiliary material for fermentation and drying of biomass BM, material costs can be reduced and resource recycling becomes possible.

[0063] (11) In the first embodiment, biomass BM is fermented and dried, and then the dried product is carbonized to produce a carbonized product. In this case, fermentation can be promoted by adding a carbonized product carrying nutrients for microorganisms (easily decomposable organic matter) to the biomass BM.

[0064] Conventional fermentation material drying devices (for example, Journal of the Japanese Society of Veterinary Medicine, Vol. 55, No. 2, pp. 37-47) are devices that ferment and dry materials such as cow dung, but the biomass drying device 20 of the first embodiment is a device that ferments and dries biomass BM such as sludge rather than compost. Sludge has a higher moisture content than cow dung (approximately 80%, while cow dung is approximately 60%), making fermentation difficult. In this regard, the biomass drying device 20 of the first embodiment can efficiently reduce the moisture content of high-moisture biomass BM (sludge) by introducing carbonized material that has adsorbed easily decomposable organic matter into the fermentation tank 10.

[0065] Second Embodiment Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, parts that perform the same functions as those in the first embodiment will be given the same reference numerals, and duplicated descriptions will be omitted as appropriate.

[0066] 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of a biomass drying system 100-2 according to the second embodiment. In the following description, parts that perform the same functions as those in the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and duplicated descriptions will be omitted as appropriate. The first embodiment and the second embodiment differ mainly in the following two points. (1) In the second embodiment, the fermenter 10-2 includes a storage area 13 and a fermentation area 14. (2) In the second embodiment, a lattice-shaped member 15 and a rotating member 17 are added.

[0067] The fermenter 10-2 of the second embodiment includes a storage area 13 for storing biomass BM, and a fermentation area 14, which is the area to which the biomass BM stored in the storage area 13 is next moved and where the biomass BM is fermented. Note that the biomass BM also ferments in the storage area 13. The storage area 13 is approximately one-third of the upper area of ​​the main body 11, and the fermentation area 14 is approximately two-thirds of the lower area of ​​the main body 11.

[0068] Furthermore, between the storage area 13 and the fermentation area 14 (or below the storage area 13) are disposed a fixed lattice member 15 and a rotating member 17 that is positioned below the lattice member 15 and rotates once every fixed time (for example, 24 hours) and has openings 16 through which the biomass BM passes. In the storage area 13, the biomass BM is also dried by blowing warm air from the stirring blades 12. Note that if there is only the rotating member 17 without the lattice member 15, the biomass BM will rotate together with the rotating member 17, so the lattice member 15 holds down the biomass BM so that the biomass BM falls little by little from the openings 16.

[0069] In the fermentation tank 10-2 of the second embodiment, the biomass BM is moved through the storage area 13, so that biomass BM (sewage sludge) with a moisture content of 80% can be converted into biomass BM with a moisture content of 60% by the time it reaches the fermentation area 14.

[0070] As described above, according to the second embodiment, in addition to the effects of the first embodiment, the following effects are obtained. (1) According to the second embodiment, the fermenter 10-2 includes the storage area 13 and the fermentation area 14, and therefore the moisture content of the biomass BM can be reduced in the storage area 13.

[0071] (2) According to the second embodiment, a fixed lattice member 15 and a rotating member 17 are arranged between the storage area 13 and the fermentation area 14, so that biomass BM can be supplied little by little from the storage area 13 to the fermentation area 14.

[0072] (3) When sewage sludge is used as biomass BM, the moisture content of the sewage sludge can be as high as 80%, which can cause the moisture content of the fermenter 10-2 to become too high when the biomass BM is introduced. Therefore, in the second embodiment, a storage area 13 is provided above the fermenter 10-2, and biomass BM is introduced into the storage area 13 in batches every day, while biomass BM is introduced into the fermentation area 14 over a 24-hour period. This prevents the moisture content of the fermentation area 14 from rising too rapidly, and allows the high-moisture biomass to be dried efficiently.

[0073] [Modifications] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be practiced in various modified forms.

[0074] (1) Although the biomass has been described using sludge as an example, other materials may also be used. (2) The easily decomposable organic matter was explained using the example of waste edible oil, but other substances may also be used. (3) The fermentation unit is not limited to a structure having a main body and an agitating blade. The fermentation unit does not have to have an agitating blade. The shape and size of the fermentation unit can be changed as desired. (4) The biomass drying system does not need to be equipped with a hot air generating unit. (5) A portion of the carbonized material produced in the production section does not need to be used for deodorization in the hot air production section, and does not need to be used as a breathability improving material in the fermentation section.

[0075] (6) There is no need to place a grid or rotating element between the storage area and the fermentation area. (7) Screening should be performed depending on the situation, and screening does not have to be performed if it is not necessary. (8) If the temperature of the biomass rises sufficiently, the re-feeding section may not be provided. (9) If the exhaust gas from fermentation is used as is or if the exhaust gas from fermentation is not used, a heat exchanger does not need to be installed.

[0076] Furthermore, all of the illustrated embodiments are merely preferred examples, and can be modified as appropriate when implementing the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0077] 10, 10-2 Fermentation tank 11 Main body 12 Stirring blade 13 Storage Area 14 Fermentation area 15 Lattice members 16 Opening 17 Rotating member 20 Drying equipment 30 Carbonization furnace 40, 41 Loading device 50 heat exchanger 60 Reloading device 100, 100-2 Drying System BM biomass CB: Carbonized material that adsorbs easily decomposable organic matter

Claims

1. a fermentation unit that ferments biomass; a drying section that dries the biomass fermented in the fermentation section; a generating section that carbonizes the biomass dried in the drying section to generate a carbonized product; an input section that adsorbs easily decomposable organic matter onto a portion of the carbonized material generated in the generation section and inputs the adsorbed easily decomposable organic matter into the fermentation section; A biomass drying system comprising:

2. 2. The biomass drying system according to claim 1, A biomass drying system characterized by comprising a re-introduction section that removes a portion of the biomass undergoing fermentation in the fermentation section and introduces the removed biomass undergoing fermentation into the fermentation section together with newly introduced biomass.

3. 2. The biomass drying system according to claim 1, A biomass drying system characterized in that the fermentation unit comprises a cylindrical main body into which biomass is introduced, and a stirring blade located inside the main body that stirs the biomass while ventilating it with warm air.

4. 4. The biomass drying system according to claim 3, A biomass drying system comprising a hot air generating unit that generates the hot air by utilizing exhaust air generated from the fermentation unit and outside air.

5. 5. The biomass drying system according to claim 4, A biomass drying system characterized in that a portion of the carbonized material generated in the generation unit is used for deodorization in the hot air generation unit.

6. 2. The biomass drying system according to claim 1, A biomass drying system characterized in that a portion of the carbonized material produced in the production section is used as an air permeability improver in the fermentation section.

7. 2. The biomass drying system according to claim 1, A biomass drying system characterized in that the fermentation unit comprises a storage area for storing biomass, and a fermentation area to which the biomass stored in the storage area is next moved, where the biomass is fermented.

8. 8. The biomass drying system according to claim 7, A biomass drying system characterized in that a fixed lattice member and a rotating member positioned below the lattice member, which rotates once in a fixed period of time and has an opening for allowing biomass to pass through, are disposed between the storage area and the fermentation area.

9. 2. The biomass drying system according to claim 1, The feeding section sifts the carbonized material produced in the generation section into large-particle-size carbonized material and small-particle-size carbonized material, and feeds only the large-particle-size carbonized material, only the small-particle-size carbonized material, or both the large-particle-size carbonized material and the small-particle-size carbonized material into the fermentation section.

10. a fermentation step in which the biomass is fermented in a fermentation section; a drying step of drying the biomass fermented in the fermentation step; a generating step of carbonizing the biomass dried in the drying step to generate a carbonized product; an introduction step of adsorbing easily decomposable organic matter onto a portion of the carbonized material produced in the production step and introducing the adsorbed easily decomposable organic matter into the fermentation section; A method for drying biomass, comprising:

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