Incineration ash treatment apparatus and incineration ash treatment method

Abstract

To suppress elution of heavy metals from incineration ash in an incineration ash storage facility for storing incineration ash.SOLUTION: Incineration ash treatment apparatus includes: incineration ash storage means configured to be able to store incineration ash obtained by incinerating waste; atmosphere measurement means for measuring the atmospheric states around the incineration ash stored in the incineration ash storage means; spraying means configured to be able to spray liquid onto the incineration ash; and control means for deriving the moisture content of the incineration ash stored in the incineration ash storage means based on the atmospheric state measured by the atmosphere measuring means. The control means derives the moisture content of the incineration ash stored in the incineration ash storage means based on the measured value of the atmospheric state obtained from the atmosphere measurement means, derives the amount of water to be added to the incineration ash based on the derived moisture content, and adds the derived amount of water to the incineration ash using the spraying means.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an incineration ash treatment apparatus and an incineration ash treatment method. [Background technology]

[0002] For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an incineration ash treatment device that includes a water injection nozzle as a hydration means for adding water to the incineration ash so that it has a first moisture content, which makes the amount of heavy metals contained in the incineration ash less than a standard value, and an injection pipe as a drying means for drying the incineration ash that has been moistened by the water injection nozzle so that it has a second moisture content determined for the purpose of preventing the incineration ash from scattering. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Patent Publication No. 2021-30121 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] Patent Document 1 proposes a method for adjusting the moisture content of ash to a desired level by a hydration process and a drying process. However, the above-mentioned prior art does not consider a method for managing ash in incineration ash storage facilities such as ash pits that store ash such as incineration ash. As a result, it is extremely difficult to achieve the effect of suppressing the elution of heavy metals such as lead (Pb) that may elute from incineration ash.

[0005] In other words, if the incineration ash is stored as it is in an incineration ash storage facility after adding water, the water evaporates from the main ash of the incineration ash, causing the main ash to dry out, making it difficult to suppress the elution of heavy metals. Therefore, there has been a need for a technology that can suppress the elution of heavy metals from incineration ash in an incineration ash storage facility that stores incineration ash in an incineration ash processing device.

[0006] The present invention has been made in view of the above, and its object is to provide an incineration ash treatment device and an incineration ash treatment method that can suppress the elution of heavy metals from incineration ash in an incineration ash storage facility that stores incineration ash. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve the above-mentioned object, an incineration ash treatment apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises an incineration ash storage means configured to store incineration ash obtained by incinerating waste, an atmosphere measurement means for measuring the atmospheric state around the incineration ash stored in the incineration ash storage means, a spraying means configured to spray a liquid onto the incineration ash, and a control means for deriving the moisture content of the incineration ash stored in the incineration ash storage means based on the atmospheric state measured by the atmosphere measurement means, wherein the control means derives the moisture content of the incineration ash stored in the incineration ash storage means based on the measurement value of the atmospheric state obtained from the atmosphere measurement means, derives the amount of water to be added to the incineration ash based on the derived moisture content, and adds the derived amount of water to the incineration ash by the spraying means.

[0008] In one aspect of the incineration ash treatment device of the present invention, in the above invention, the atmospheric condition is at least one of the measured values ​​of the temperature measured by a temperature measuring means configured to be able to measure the temperature around the incineration ash stored in the incineration ash storage means and the humidity measured by a humidity measuring means configured to be able to measure the humidity.

[0009] In this configuration of the incineration ash treatment device according to one aspect of the present invention, the humidity is relative humidity, and the amount of water to be added is calculated based on an amount of water to be added that is preset in accordance with the relative humidity.

[0010] An incineration ash treatment device according to one aspect of the present invention comprises an incineration ash storage means configured to store incineration ash obtained by incinerating waste, an imaging means configured to image the incineration ash stored in the incineration ash storage means, a spraying means configured to spray a liquid onto the incineration ash, and a control means that derives the moisture content of the incineration ash stored in the incineration ash storage means based on image data of the incineration ash imaged by the imaging means, wherein the control means derives the moisture content of the incineration ash stored in the incineration ash storage means based on the image data acquired from the imaging means, derives the amount of water to be added to the incineration ash based on the derived moisture content, and adds the derived amount of water to the incineration ash using the spraying means.

[0011] In one aspect of the incineration ash processing device of the present invention, in the above invention, the control means inputs the imaging data as input parameters to a learning model that performs image analysis and derives the moisture content of the incineration ash as an output parameter, and the learning model is a learning model generated by machine learning using, as training data, an input / output dataset in which the imaging data of the incineration ash is used as a learning input parameter and the moisture content of the imaged incineration ash is used as a learning output parameter.

[0012] An incineration ash treatment method according to one aspect of the present invention is an incineration ash treatment method carried out in an incineration ash treatment apparatus equipped with: incineration ash storage means configured to store incineration ash obtained by incinerating waste; atmosphere measurement means for measuring the atmospheric state around the incineration ash stored in the incineration ash storage means; spraying means configured to spray a liquid onto the incineration ash; and control means for deriving the moisture content of the incineration ash stored in the incineration ash storage means based on the atmospheric state measured by the atmosphere measurement means. The moisture content of the incineration ash stored in the incineration ash storage means is derived based on the measured value of the atmospheric state obtained from the atmosphere measurement means, the amount of water to be added to the incineration ash is derived based on the derived moisture content, and the moisture of the derived amount of water is added to the incineration ash by the spraying means.

[0013] In the incineration ash processing method according to one aspect of the present invention, in the above invention, the atmospheric state is at least one of the measured values ​​of the temperature measured by a temperature measuring means configured to be able to measure the temperature and the humidity measured by a humidity measuring means configured to be able to measure the humidity around the incineration ash stored in the incineration ash storage means.

[0014] In this configuration of the incineration ash processing method according to one aspect of the present invention, the humidity is relative humidity, and the amount of water to be added is derived based on an amount of water to be added that is preset in correspondence with the relative humidity.

[0015] An incineration ash treatment method according to one aspect of the present invention is an incineration ash treatment device comprising: incineration ash storage means configured to store incineration ash obtained by incinerating waste; imaging means configured to image the incineration ash stored in the incineration ash storage means; spraying means configured to spray a liquid onto the incineration ash; and control means for deriving the moisture content of the incineration ash stored in the incineration ash storage means based on imaging data of the incineration ash imaged by the imaging means. The incineration ash treatment method is carried out by the control means, wherein the moisture content of the incineration ash stored in the incineration ash storage means is derived based on the imaging data acquired from the imaging means, the amount of water to be added to the incineration ash is derived based on the derived moisture content, and the derived amount of water is added to the incineration ash by the spraying means.

[0016] In one aspect of the incineration ash processing method of the present invention, in the above invention, the control means inputs the imaging data as input parameters to a learning model that performs image analysis and derives the moisture content of the incineration ash as an output parameter, and the learning model is a learning model generated by machine learning using, as training data, an input / output dataset in which the imaging data of the incineration ash is used as a learning input parameter and the moisture content of the imaged incineration ash is used as a learning output parameter. [Effects of the Invention]

[0017] According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress the elution of heavy metals from incineration ash in an incineration ash storage facility that stores incineration ash. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0018] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an incineration ash treatment facility according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating the incineration ash treatment method according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a graph showing a control method in an incineration ash treatment method according to one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0019] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In all the drawings of the embodiment below, the same or corresponding parts are designated by the same reference numerals. Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described below.

[0020] First, to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the inventors will explain the intensive research they conducted to solve the above-mentioned problems. Specifically, the inventors first conducted extensive research into the phenomenon of heavy metals such as lead (Pb) leaching from incineration ash in ash pits, a conventional method for storing incineration ash. Based on the inventors' findings, the weight of incineration ash stored in an ash pit can be obtained in advance as weight information. Therefore, the inventors devised a method for treating incineration ash based on the atmosphere in the ash pit (pit atmosphere) and the humidity and temperature of the bottom ash of the incineration ash when storing the incineration ash in a hydrated state in the ash pit. As a result, the inventors discovered that it is possible to efficiently suppress the leaching of heavy metals while reducing the amount of water added to the bottom ash (water addition amount).

[0021] Therefore, according to the inventor's extensive research, it is preferable to add water to the bottom ash to suppress the elution of heavy metals such as Pb contained in the bottom ash of incineration ash. Specifically, when incineration ash is stored and dried in an ash pit, it is preferable to add water in an amount equivalent to the amount of water evaporated from the bottom ash to prevent the bottom ash from drying. One method for suppressing the drying of the bottom ash by adding water is to inject low-pressure steam that can be supplied from an incineration facility attached to the ash pit. Supplying low-pressure steam to the ash pit increases the humidity in the ash pit, thereby maintaining the moisture content of the bottom ash and reducing the amount of additional water added. Furthermore, the amount of water to be added can be calculated based on measured values ​​of humidity and temperature within the ash pit, or the moisture content can be calculated based on image information captured of the bottom ash. The embodiment described below was devised by the inventor based on the above extensive research.

[0022] (Embodiment) Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an incineration ash treatment facility as an incineration ash treatment device according to this embodiment. As shown in Fig. 1, the incineration ash treatment facility 1 is configured with an ash storage facility 2 equipped with an ash pit 3 and a control unit 10 that controls the ash storage facility 2.

[0023] A chute 2a is provided on the side wall of the ash storage facility 2. Incineration ash S is discharged from an incinerator (not shown), transported by a conveyor 4, and carried into the ash storage facility 2 through the chute 2a. The conveyor 4 is composed of, for example, a vibrating conveyor or a scraper conveyor. The ash pit 3 is configured to be able to store the incineration ash S that has been carried in.

[0024] A thermometer 21 and a hygrometer 22 are provided on the top of the ash storage facility 2 as atmosphere measuring means. The thermometer 21 as temperature measuring means is configured to be able to measure the temperature of the atmosphere in the internal space of the ash storage facility 2. The hygrometer 22 as humidity measuring means is configured to be able to measure the humidity of the atmosphere in the internal space of the ash storage facility 2. The temperature measurement value measured by the thermometer 21 and the humidity measurement value measured by the hygrometer 22 are output to the control unit 10.

[0025] Discharge nozzles 23a, 23b are provided on the top of the ash storage facility 2 as spraying means configured to be able to spray liquid or gas into the ash pit 3. Low-pressure steam obtained in a waste incineration facility (not shown) attached to the ash storage facility 2 is supplied to the discharge nozzles 23a, 23b. The discharge nozzles 23a, 23b are configured to be able to discharge the supplied low-pressure steam as steam or moisture (hereinafter referred to as water, etc.) into the ash pit 3. The discharge amount of steam or moisture from the discharge nozzles 23a, 23b is controlled by the control unit 10.

[0026] Specifically, the control unit 10 as a control means includes a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), or an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), and a main memory such as a RAM (Random Access Memory) or a ROM (Read Only Memory) (none of which are shown). The main memory may be configured with a storage medium selected from an EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM), a hard disk drive (HDD), a solid state drive (SSD), and removable media. The removable media may be, for example, a Universal Serial Bus (USB) memory or a disc storage medium such as a CD (Compact Disc), a DVD (Digital Versatile Disc), or a Blu-ray (registered trademark) Disc (BD).

[0027] The control unit 10 acquires the measured values ​​from the thermometer 21 and the hygrometer 22 and stores them in the atmosphere database 11 in the main memory. The atmosphere database 11 is constructed by a database management system (DBMS) program executed by the control unit 10 managing the data stored in the memory. The atmosphere database 11 also stores the weight of the incineration ash S stored in the ash pit 3. The weight of the incineration ash S stored in the ash pit 3 can be derived by the control unit 10 based on the mass of the incineration ash S transported by the conveyor 4, etc.

[0028] (Incineration ash disposal method) In the incineration ash treatment facility 1 configured as described above, the moisture content of the incineration ash S stored in the ash pit 3 can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of moisture discharged from the discharge nozzles 23a, 23b. Next, an incineration ash treatment method for adjusting the moisture content of the incineration ash S stored in the ash pit 3 according to this embodiment will be described. Figures 2 and 3 are a flowchart and a graph showing a control method, respectively, for explaining the incineration ash treatment method according to this embodiment. The flowchart shown in Figure 2 is executed by the control unit 10, and the data of the control graph of the amount of water added and relative humidity shown in Figure 3 is readably stored in the main memory of the control unit 10.

[0029] As shown in Figure 2, in step ST1, the control unit 10 acquires the temperature measurement value in the space within the ash storage facility 2 from the thermometer 21, and acquires the humidity measurement value in the space within the ash storage facility 2 from the hygrometer 22. The control unit 10 stores the acquired temperature and humidity measurement data as atmospheric conditions in the atmosphere database 11 as pit atmosphere information. It is also possible to acquire only one of the temperature measurement value and the humidity measurement value and use it as pit atmosphere information. The atmosphere database 11 can also store various other information related to incineration ash.

[0030] Next, proceeding to step ST2, the control unit 10 derives the moisture content of the incineration ash S (bottom ash) based on the acquired pit atmosphere information, i.e., the measured values ​​of temperature and humidity. If the moisture content of the incineration ash S can be derived from either the measured value of temperature or the measured value of humidity, the control unit 10 derives the moisture content of the incineration ash S from the measured value of temperature or humidity. The derived information on the moisture content of the incineration ash S is stored in the atmosphere database 11.

[0031] Next, the process proceeds to step ST3, where the control unit 10 calculates the amount of water to be added based on the calculated moisture content of the incineration ash S stored in the ash pit 3. As a specific example, the control unit 10 first calculates the relative humidity of the air in the internal space of the ash pit 3 according to the following equation (1): Relative humidity (RH) (%) = absolute humidity / saturated water vapor amount × 100 … (1)

[0032] The saturated water vapor amount is calculated based on the saturated water vapor pressure in accordance with the Tetens equation (the following equation (2)) using equation (3). Saturated water vapor pressure (hPa) =6.11×10 {(7.5×摂氏温度) / (摂氏温度+237.3)} …(2) Saturated water vapor amount (g / m 3 ) = 217 × saturated water vapor pressure / (temperature in degrees Celsius + 273.15)…(3)

[0033] Here, the relative humidity can be derived continuously, or the average value of the relative humidity measured intermittently several times over the course of a day can be used. For example, the control unit 10 determines the amount of water to add in proportion to the decrease in relative humidity (%) based on the derived value of relative humidity (%) and the graph shown by the dotted line in Figure 3.

[0034] It is also possible to divide the relative humidity into a plurality of levels each having a predetermined humidity range, and to preset the amount of water to be added for each level, as shown by the solid line in Fig. 3. In this case, the control unit 10 can determine the amount of water to be added in stages in response to a decrease in relative humidity, based on the derived value of the relative humidity (%) and the graph shown by the solid line in Fig. 3.

[0035] Next, the process proceeds to step ST4, where the control unit 10 controls the discharge nozzles 23a and 23b so that the amount of water to be added is sprayed from the discharge nozzles 23a and 23b. As a result, the amount of water to be added calculated in step ST3 is sprayed onto the incineration ash S stored in the ash pit 3. Therefore, it is possible to maintain the incineration ash S stored in the ash pit 3 at an appropriate moisture content.

[0036] (Variation) Next, a modified example of the embodiment described above will be described. That is, in this modified example, an imaging device capable of imaging the incineration ash S stored in the ash pit 3 is provided on the top or side of the ash storage facility 2. By performing image analysis on the imaging data obtained by imaging the incineration ash S with the imaging device as an imaging means, it is possible to derive the moisture content of the incineration ash S.

[0037] Specifically, image data of the incineration ash S in the ash pit 3 captured by an imaging device is output to the control unit 10, and the control unit 10 performs image analysis of the acquired image data to derive the moisture content of the incineration ash S. In this case, it is possible to use a learning model or a trained model generated by machine learning, such as deep learning using a neural network such as CNN, using image data obtained by actually capturing the incineration ash S as learning input parameters and an input / output data set in which the moisture content or average moisture content of the captured incineration ash S is used as learning output parameters. This allows the control unit 10 to derive the moisture content of the incineration ash S by inputting the image data of the incineration ash S as input parameters into the learning model.

[0038] The control unit 10 can derive the moisture content of the incineration ash S stored in the ash pit 3, thereby determining whether the moisture content is excessive or insufficient relative to the appropriate moisture content in the incineration ash S. The other configurations are the same as those of the above-described embodiment.

[0039] According to the embodiment described above, the moisture content of the incineration ash S stored in the ash pit 3 is calculated, the amount of water to be added to the incineration ash S is calculated based on the calculated moisture content, and moisture is supplied to the incineration ash S in the ash pit 3 based on the calculated amount of water to be added.This makes it possible to maintain the moisture content of the incineration ash S in the ash pit 3 at an appropriate moisture content, thereby making it possible to suppress the leaching of heavy metals such as Pb from the incineration ash S in the ash pit 3.

[0040] (Recording medium) In the above-described embodiment, a program for executing the incineration ash treatment method executed by the control unit can be recorded on a recording medium readable by a computer or other machine (hereinafter, referred to as a computer, etc.). By having a computer, etc., read and execute the program from the recording medium, the computer, etc. functions as a mobile object control device. Here, a computer-readable recording medium refers to a non-transitory recording medium that stores information such as data and programs through electrical, magnetic, optical, mechanical, or chemical action and can be read by a computer, etc. Examples of such recording media that can be removed from a computer, etc. include flexible disks, magneto-optical disks, CD-ROMs, CD-R / Ws, DVDs, BDs, DATs, magnetic tapes, and memory cards such as flash memory. Furthermore, examples of recording media that are fixed to a computer, etc. include hard disks and ROMs. Furthermore, SSDs can be used as both recording media that can be removed from a computer, etc. and recording media that are fixed to a computer, etc.

[0041] Furthermore, the program executed by the control unit according to one embodiment may be configured to be stored on a computer connected to a network such as the Internet and provided by being downloaded via the network.

[0042] (Other embodiments) In the explanation of the flowcharts in this specification, the order of processing between steps is clearly indicated using expressions such as "first," "then," and "continue," but the order of processing required to implement this embodiment is not uniquely determined by these expressions. In other words, the order of processing in the flowcharts described in this specification can be changed within a consistent range.

[0043] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been specifically described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and various modifications based on the technical concept of the present invention are possible. For example, the numerical values ​​given in the above-described embodiments are merely examples, and different numerical values ​​may be used as necessary. The present invention also includes configurations that appropriately combine the components of the above-described embodiments and modifications. Furthermore, further effects and modifications can be easily derived by those skilled in the art. The broader aspects of the present invention are not limited to the specific details and representative embodiments shown and described above. Therefore, various modifications are possible without departing from the spirit or scope of the general inventive concept as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. [Explanation of symbols]

[0044] 1. Incineration ash treatment facility 2 Ash storage equipment 2a Shooter 3 Ash Pit 4 Conveyor 10 Control Unit 11 Atmosphere Database 21 Thermometer 22 Hygrometer 23a, 23b Discharge nozzle S Incineration ash

Claims

1. an incineration ash storage means configured to store incineration ash obtained by incinerating waste; An atmosphere measuring means for measuring the atmospheric state around the incineration ash stored in the incineration ash storage means; A spraying means configured to be able to spray a liquid onto the incineration ash; A control means for deriving the moisture content of the incineration ash stored in the incineration ash storage means based on the atmospheric state measured by the atmosphere measurement means, The control means Derive the moisture content of the incineration ash stored in the incineration ash storage means based on the measurement value of the atmospheric state obtained from the atmosphere measurement means; Based on the derived moisture content, the amount of water to be added to the incineration ash is derived; The amount of water introduced by the spraying means is added to the incineration ash. Incineration ash treatment equipment.

2. The atmospheric condition is at least one of the temperature measured by a temperature measuring means configured to be able to measure the temperature and the humidity measured by a humidity measuring means configured to be able to measure the humidity around the incineration ash stored in the incineration ash storage means. The incineration ash treatment device according to claim 1.

3. The humidity is a relative humidity, and the amount of water to be added is calculated based on a predetermined amount of water to be added corresponding to the relative humidity. The incineration ash treatment device according to claim 2.

4. an incineration ash storage means configured to store incineration ash obtained by incinerating waste; An imaging means configured to be able to image the incineration ash stored in the incineration ash storage means; A spraying means configured to be able to spray a liquid onto the incineration ash; A control means for deriving the moisture content of the incineration ash stored in the incineration ash storage means based on the imaging data of the incineration ash captured by the imaging means, The control means Derive the moisture content of the incineration ash stored in the incineration ash storage means based on the imaging data acquired from the imaging means; Based on the derived moisture content, the amount of water to be added to the incineration ash is derived; The amount of water introduced by the spraying means is added to the incineration ash. Incineration ash treatment equipment.

5. The control means inputs the imaging data as an input parameter into a learning model that performs image analysis, and derives the moisture content of the incineration ash as an output parameter; The learning model is a learning model generated by machine learning using an input / output data set in which image data of the incineration ash is used as an input parameter for learning and the moisture content of the imaged incineration ash is used as an output parameter for learning as training data. The incineration ash treatment device according to claim 4.

6. an incineration ash storage means configured to store incineration ash obtained by incinerating waste; An atmosphere measuring means for measuring the atmospheric state around the incineration ash stored in the incineration ash storage means; A spraying means configured to be able to spray a liquid onto the incineration ash; A control means for deriving the moisture content of the incineration ash stored in the incineration ash storage means based on the atmospheric state measured by the atmosphere measurement means. Derive the moisture content of the incineration ash stored in the incineration ash storage means based on the measurement value of the atmospheric state obtained from the atmosphere measurement means; Based on the derived moisture content, the amount of water to be added to the incineration ash is derived; The amount of water introduced by the spraying means is added to the incineration ash. Incineration ash disposal method.

7. The atmospheric condition is at least one of the temperature measured by a temperature measuring means configured to be able to measure the temperature and the humidity measured by a humidity measuring means configured to be able to measure the humidity around the incineration ash stored in the incineration ash storage means. The method for treating incineration ash according to claim 6.

8. The humidity is a relative humidity, and the amount of water to be added is calculated based on a predetermined amount of water to be added corresponding to the relative humidity. The method for treating incineration ash according to claim 7.

9. an incineration ash storage means configured to store incineration ash obtained by incinerating waste; An imaging means configured to be able to image the incineration ash stored in the incineration ash storage means; A spraying means configured to be able to spray a liquid onto the incineration ash; A control means for deriving the moisture content of the incineration ash stored in the incineration ash storage means based on the imaging data of the incineration ash captured by the imaging means. An incineration ash processing method executed by the control means in an incineration ash processing apparatus comprising: Derive the moisture content of the incineration ash stored in the incineration ash storage means based on the imaging data acquired from the imaging means; Based on the derived moisture content, the amount of water to be added to the incineration ash is derived; The amount of water introduced by the spraying means is added to the incineration ash. Incineration ash disposal method.

10. The control means inputs the imaging data as an input parameter into a learning model that performs image analysis, and derives the moisture content of the incineration ash as an output parameter; The learning model is a learning model generated by machine learning using an input / output data set in which image data of the incineration ash is used as an input parameter for learning and the moisture content of the imaged incineration ash is used as an output parameter for learning as training data. The method for treating incineration ash according to claim 9.

Images