External insulation structure

Abstract

To provide an external insulation structure capable of improving the insulation performance of buildings.SOLUTION: An external insulation structure according to the present invention is an external insulation structure for a roof and an external wall. The roof comprises a roof external insulation material, and the external wall comprises: an external wall external insulation material and an exterior cladding substrate material arranged on an outdoor side of a beam or a girder; and an exterior cladding material fixed to the external wall external insulation material and the exterior cladding substrate material arranged on an outdoor side of the external wall external insulation material and the exterior cladding substrate material and fixed to the exterior cladding substrate material. At least a portion of the exterior cladding substrate material is arranged so that it is arranged at a different position from the beam or the girder in a height direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an exterior thermal insulation structure. [Background technology]

[0002] For example, as described in Patent Document 1, a building is known in which a board member is placed adjacent to a beam on the outdoor side of the beam of an exterior wall, and a wall material is fixed to the board member. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-233699 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, in the building described in Patent Document 1, the beams and plate materials of the exterior walls form thermal bridges, which may reduce the thermal insulation performance.

[0005] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an exterior insulation structure that can improve the thermal insulation performance of a building. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The external insulation structure as a first aspect of the present invention is as follows: (1) An external insulation structure for the roof and exterior walls, the roof is provided with exterior roof insulation; The outer wall is An exterior wall exterior insulation material and an exterior base material arranged on the outdoor side of the beam or girder; an exterior material that is arranged on the outdoor side of the exterior wall exterior insulation material and the exterior base material and fixed to the exterior base material, The exterior base material is arranged so that at least a portion thereof is at a different position in the height direction from the beam or girder.

[0007] The external insulation structure as one embodiment of the present invention comprises: (2) The roof exterior insulation material is in contact with the exterior wall exterior insulation material. The external insulation structure described in (1) above.

[0008] The external insulation structure as one embodiment of the present invention comprises: (3) The roof exterior insulation material has an extension portion that extends so as to cover the upper surface of the exterior wall exterior insulation material, The roof is a roof underlayment material that covers the exterior roof insulation material and to which the roof material is fixed; The roof insulation material is further provided with a spacer disposed between the extension portion of the roof exterior insulation material and the roof underlayment. The external insulation structure is described in (1) or (2) above. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an exterior insulation structure that can improve the insulation performance of a building. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an external insulation structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0011] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of an external thermal insulation structure according to the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals are used to designate the same components in the various drawings.

[0012] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an external thermal insulation structure 100 as an embodiment of the external thermal insulation structure according to the present invention.

[0013] First, an outline of a building including an exterior insulation structure 100 with a roof 10 and exterior walls 20 will be described. The building is, for example, an industrialized house of one story or more, and is composed of a reinforced concrete foundation, a frame structure made up of frame members such as columns and beams, and an upper structure 2 fixed to the foundation. Note that the frame members that make up the frame structure may be standardized in advance, or may be manufactured in a factory and then transported to the construction site and assembled.

[0014] The foundation is located below the superstructure 2 and supports the superstructure 2. The foundation is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, a mat foundation. As another example, the foundation may be a continuous footing with a T-shaped cross section that includes a footing portion and a rising portion serving as a foundation beam. The foundation may also be provided with a column base fixing portion for fixing the column base of the column of the framework structure using an exposed fixed column base construction method. Anchor bolts used to fix the column base may protrude vertically upward from the foundation.

[0015] In addition to the function of distributing and transmitting the vertical load from the frame structure of the upper structure 2 to the ground, the foundation also has the function of directly or indirectly supporting the various components that make up the outer walls of the upper structure 2, the various components that make up the floor of the upper structure 2, and the various components that make up the roof 10 of the upper structure 2.

[0016] The floor portion of a building includes floorboard members. The floorboard members may be installed between the beams of a framework and supported directly or indirectly by the beams. The floorboard members may be made of structural surface materials. The structural surface materials may be, for example, structural plywood. The structural plywood may be, for example, a wood-based board such as laminated timber, in which the grain directions of the laminated boards are parallel, or cross-laminated timber (CLT, short for Cross Laminated Timber), in which the boards are laminated alternately so that the grain directions of the laminated boards are perpendicular. The structural surface materials may be made of, for example, ALC panels.

[0017] In addition to the floorboard members, the floor section may also include, for example, ceiling interior materials that form the ceiling surface of the indoor space on the lower floor and are attached directly or indirectly to the floorboard members, or floor interior materials such as flooring that form the floor surface of the indoor space on the upper floor and are laminated on floor support materials.

[0018] The framework of the upper structure 2 is composed of multiple columns and multiple beams. Exterior materials 23 that form the exterior walls 20 are arranged around the periphery of the framework. Floor board members that form the floor are arranged between the layers of the framework. Furthermore, roof materials 15 that form the roof 10 are arranged on top of the framework.

[0019] The roof 10 may include a truss structure, a roof underlayment (sheathing board) 16 attached to the truss structure, a waterproofing member laid on the roof underlayment 16, and roofing materials 15 installed on the waterproofing member to form a sloped roof surface exposed to the outside space. The multiple roof surfaces of the roof 10 may form a ridge or corner ridge as the peak.

[0020] The slope of the roof surface of roof 10 may be 5 sun (slope of 1 / 2) or more and 6 sun (slope of 0.6) or less, as shown in Figure 1. This slope corresponds to the north-side slope restrictions imposed by the Building Standards Act or ordinances. For example, as of February 22, 2024, the north-side slope restriction in Tokyo and other areas is 6 sun. A slope of 5 sun or more and 6 sun or less is generally considered steep. A slope of 5.5 sun on the roof surface of roof 10 is preferable from the viewpoint of allowing the building to adapt to sites with a wider variety of orientations or shapes, and increasing the design freedom of roof 10. Note that the roof may also be parallel to a horizontal plane.

[0021] Referring to FIG. 1 , the roof 10 may include an inner-roof insulation material 12 arranged on the truss. In other words, the roof 10 may be provided with filled insulation using the inner-roof insulation material 12. The roof 10 also includes an outer-roof insulation material 11. In other words, the building may be provided with exterior insulation using the outer-roof insulation material 11. The outer-roof insulation material 11 may be arranged to cover the outside of the truss. The outer-roof insulation material 11 may be arranged between multiple rafters. The outer-roof insulation material 11 or the inner-roof insulation material 12 may be in the form of a plate. The outer-roof insulation material 11 or the inner-roof insulation material 12 may be composed of a single continuous insulating member. The outer-roof insulation material 11 or the inner-roof insulation material 12 may be a foamed plastic-based insulation material. Foamed plastic-based insulation materials exhibit high insulating performance. Examples of foamed plastic-based insulation materials that may be used include phenolic foam, polyethylene foam, etc.

[0022] The exterior roof insulation material 11 may include an extension portion 11e that extends so as to cover an upper surface 21u of the exterior wall insulation material 21 described below.

[0023] A load-bearing surface material 19 may be placed between the exterior roof insulation material 11 and the interior roof insulation material 12. Examples of load-bearing surface materials 18 include wood-based boards such as ordinary plywood, structural plywood, particle board, OSB, and medium-density fiberboard, as well as wood wool cement boards, wood chip cement boards, gypsum boards, flexile boards, calcium silicate boards, volcanic glass multi-layer boards, and metal plates. A base material may be placed between the exterior roof insulation material 11 and the interior roof insulation material 12.

[0024] The roof underlayment 16 may cover the exterior roof insulation 11. The roof underlayment 16 may secure the roofing material 15.

[0025] A ventilation layer 17 may be formed between the extension portion 11e of the exterior roof insulation material 11 and the roof underlayment 16. The roof 10 may further include a spacer 18 disposed between the extension portion 11e of the exterior roof insulation material 11 and the roof underlayment 16. The spacer 18 may prevent the extension portion 11e from moving toward the roof underlayment 16. Therefore, the spacer 18 may ensure ventilation between the extension portion 11e and the roof underlayment 16.

[0026] A sheet-like member such as sheet-like asphalt roofing can be used as the waterproofing member for the roof 10. The waterproofing member may be fastened to the base member with fastening members such as screws.

[0027] The roofing material 15 for the roof 10 can be a cement-based roofing material such as clay roof tiles or artificial slate, natural slate, or metal roofing material. Multiple roofing materials 15 may be laid on a waterproofing member. The multiple roofing materials 15 may be configured so that adjacent roofing materials 15 can be engaged with each other to position them relative to each other, or may be configured so that they can be fastened to the base material or truss with fastening members such as screws.

[0028] The exterior wall 20 includes an exterior wall external heat insulating material 21, an exterior base material 22, and an exterior material 23.

[0029] The exterior wall external insulation material 21 may be disposed on the outdoor side of the beam or girder 26. A thermal insulation layer of the outer peripheral wall can be formed by connecting the exterior wall external insulation material 21 along the inner surface of the outer layer formed by the exterior cladding material 23. In other words, the exterior wall 20 may be externally insulated with the exterior wall external insulation material 21.

[0030] The exterior roof insulation material 11 may be in contact with the exterior wall insulation material 21. This configuration can reduce thermal bridges near the eaves beams. The exterior roof insulation material 11 may be in contact with the entire upper surface 21u of the exterior wall insulation material 21. As shown in Figure 1, the exterior roof insulation material 11 and the exterior wall insulation material 21 may be separate insulation materials. The exterior roof insulation material 11 and the exterior wall insulation material 21 may be integrated. In a configuration in which the spacer 18 is arranged between the extension portion 11e of the exterior roof insulation material 11 and the roof underlayment 16, the exterior roof insulation material 11 can be in more secure contact with the exterior wall insulation material 21. The spacer 18 may be rectangular. The spacer 18 may be fastened to the rafters with fastening members such as screws. The spacer 18 may be rigid. For example, the spacer 18 may be made of wood.

[0031] The exterior wall insulation material 21 is disposed on the outdoor side of a beam or girder, indicated by the reference numeral 26. The exterior wall insulation material 21 may be disposed on the outdoor side of a column. The exterior wall insulation material 21 may be plate-shaped. The exterior wall insulation material 21 may include different insulation materials above and below the exterior base material 22. The portion of the exterior wall insulation material 21 sandwiched between the roof insulation material 11 and the exterior base material 22 may include multiple insulation materials. More specifically, this portion may include a rectangular parallelepiped first insulation material adjacent to the top surface of the exterior base material 22 and a right-angled triangular second insulation material sandwiched between the top surface of the first insulation material and the roof insulation material 11. As another example, the wall insulation material 21 may be composed of a single continuous insulation member. The exterior wall insulation material 21 may be a foamed plastic insulation material. Foamed plastic insulation materials exhibit high insulation performance. Examples of foamed plastic insulation materials include phenolic foam and polyethylene foam.

[0032] The exterior wall 20 may further include an interior exterior wall insulation material 27. In other words, the exterior wall 20 may be provided with filled insulation using the interior exterior wall insulation material 27. The interior exterior wall insulation material 27 may be disposed between structural members such as pillars of the exterior wall 20. The interior exterior wall insulation material 27 may be a fiber-based insulation material. Examples of fiber-based insulation materials include inorganic fiber-based insulation materials such as glass wool and rock wool, organic fiber-based insulation materials such as polyester wool, and wood fiber-based insulation materials such as cellulose fiber and wood fiber.

[0033] A load-bearing surface material 24 may be disposed between the exterior wall external insulation material 21 and the interior exterior wall insulation material 27. Examples of the load-bearing surface material 24 include wood-based boards such as ordinary plywood, structural plywood, particle board, OSB, and medium-density fiberboard, as well as wood wool cement boards, wood chip cement boards, gypsum boards, flexile boards, calcium silicate boards, volcanic glass multi-layer boards, and metal boards.

[0034] The exterior base material 22 is arranged on the exterior side of the beam or girder 26. The exterior base material 22 is arranged so that at least a portion of it is at a different position in the height direction from the beam or girder 26. In other words, at least a portion of the exterior base material 22 is offset in the height direction from the beam or girder 26. In FIG. 1 , the side surface of the beam or girder 26 and the side surface of the exterior base material 22 do not overlap at all, but as another example, the side surface of the beam or girder 26 and the side surface of the exterior base material 22 may only partially overlap.

[0035] With this arrangement, in the exterior wall 20, a highly thermally conductive member can prevent heat from being transferred from the outdoor side to the indoor side, particularly between the exterior base material 22 and the beams or girders 26. Therefore, the formation of a thermal bridge can be prevented in the exterior wall 20. The exterior base material 22 may be arranged so as not to overlap, preferably not to overlap at all, with the beams or girders 26 in the height direction. As shown in Fig. 1, the height of the upper surface of the exterior base material 22 may be the same as the height of the lower surface of the beams or girders 26.

[0036] Referring to Figure 1, in a configuration in which there are multiple exterior base materials 22 or beams or girders 26, at least a portion, and preferably all, of at least one exterior base material 22 may be positioned in a different position in the height direction from at least one beam or girder 26.

[0037] The exterior base material 22 may extend horizontally between the pillars. The exterior base material 22 may be columnar. The exterior base material 22 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include structural frameworks or load-bearing surface materials such as pillars and studs in wooden buildings and walls in reinforced concrete structures.

[0038] The exterior material 23 is placed on the outdoor side of the exterior wall external insulation material 21 and the exterior base material 22. The exterior material 23 is fixed to the exterior base material 22. The exterior material 23 may be a panel of lightweight foamed concrete (hereinafter referred to as "ALC". "ALC" is an abbreviation for "autoclaved lightweight concrete"). The exterior material 23 may be fire-resistant metal or ceramic siding, extruded cement board, wood panel material, etc. The exterior material 23 may be fixed to the exterior base material 22 with screws or the like. A ventilation layer 25 may be formed between the exterior material 23 and the exterior base material 22. The outer layer of the exterior wall 20 may be formed by connecting multiple exterior materials 23.

[0039] The exterior wall 20 may further include an interior material 28. The interior material 28 may be composed of, for example, a gypsum board and a finishing material such as wall paper attached to the surface of the gypsum board. The interior material 28 may be connected to the inside of the exterior wall interior insulation material 27 to form the inner layer of the exterior wall 20. [Explanation of symbols]

[0040] 100:External insulation structure 2:Superstructure 10: Roof 11: Exterior roof insulation 11e: Extension part 12: Roof insulation 15: Roofing materials 16: Roof underlayment 17: Ventilation layer 18: Spacer 19: Load-bearing surface material 20: Exterior wall 21:Exterior wall insulation material 21u:Top surface 22: Exterior base material 23: Exterior material 24: Load-bearing surface material 25: Ventilation layer 26: Beam or girder 27:Interior wall insulation 28: Interior materials

Claims

1. An exterior insulation structure for a roof and exterior wall, the roof is provided with exterior roof insulation; The outer wall is An exterior wall exterior insulation material and an exterior base material arranged on the outdoor side of the beam or girder; an exterior material that is arranged on the outdoor side of the exterior wall exterior insulation material and the exterior base material and fixed to the exterior base material, An external insulation structure in which at least a portion of the exterior base material is positioned at a different position in the height direction from the beam or girder.

2. The roof exterior insulation material is in contact with the exterior wall exterior insulation material. The external insulation structure according to claim 1.

3. The roof exterior insulation material has an extension portion that extends so as to cover the upper surface of the exterior wall exterior insulation material, The roof is a roof underlayment material that covers the exterior roof insulation material and to which the roof material is fixed; The roof insulation material is further provided with a spacer disposed between the extension portion of the roof exterior insulation material and the roof underlayment. The external insulation structure according to claim 1 or 2.

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