Wood-steel fireproof column and construction method of the same

Abstract

To provide a wood-steel fireproof column having a fire spread prevention layer around a steel column, and a wooden burning margin layer around the fire spread prevention layer, which can prevent the fire spread prevention layer inside the burning margin layer from being exposed to outside, even if the burning margin layer is contracted by secular changes, temperature changes, etc. and a construction method of the same.SOLUTION: A wood-steel fireproof column 100 having a steel column 10 and a wooden burning margin layer 60 arranged around the steel column 10 has the steel column 10 having a rectangular or substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape, a steel substrate 20 fixed to each side face 11 of the steel column 10, and a noncombustible plate 30 which is fixed to the steel substrate 20 by fasteners 81 and 82 and forms the fire spread prevention layer. The wooden burning margin layer 60 includes a wooden block 40 which is placed at a corner part and has an L shape in plan view, and a wooden plate 50 whose ends are engaged with both of a pair of wooden blocks 40 outside the noncombustible plate 30, and at least the wooden plate 50 is fixed to the steel substrate 20 by a fastener 84.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a wood-steel fireproof column and a method for installing the same. [Background technology]

[0002] The "Act to Promote the Use of Wood in Public Buildings, etc." came into effect in 2010, and in the construction sector, efforts are being made to promote the use of wood by converting it to wooden construction for large-scale buildings such as residential homes, offices, and commercial facilities. The conventional fire-resistant wooden pillars used in these buildings have a structure in which the wooden core that supports the building's load is covered with a fire-resistant covering material (fire-stopping layer) such as mortar or gypsum, and the surface layer is covered with wood such as laminated lumber (fire substitute layer). As a result, the cross-sectional dimensions of these pillars tend to be larger than those of reinforced concrete or steel-framed pillars with the same bearing capacity, which results in issues such as a reduction in usable floor space indoors.

[0003] Therefore, by forming the core material, which is the load-bearing member, from a steel pillar, covering the steel pillar with a fire-retardant layer such as a non-combustible board, and covering the fire-retardant layer with a substitute fire layer such as a wood board, it is possible to ensure high load-bearing capacity, solve the above-mentioned problems, and make effective use of wood.

[0004] For example, Patent Document 1 proposes a fire-resistant structure for a column in which a fire-resistant covering material made of sprayed rock wool, an air layer, a non-combustible thin sheet made of steel plate, and a finishing material made of wood are layered in this order around the column made of a square steel pipe. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Patent Publication No. 2021-11743 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] When constructing a wood-steel fireproof pillar with the above-mentioned steel pillar as the core material on site, after erecting the steel pillar, a fire-stopping layer is constructed around it, and then a substitute fire layer is constructed around that.This substitute fire layer is constructed by fastening, for example, four wooden boards so that the ends of the boards are perpendicular to each other and fastened with fasteners.

[0007] After a wood-steel fireproof column is installed, the outermost wood boards shrink due to aging and changes in the outside temperature, and the shrinkage of adjacent wood boards can cause gaps to form at the joint edges between them, potentially exposing the internal fire-retardant layer to the outside. This exposure of the fire-retardant layer to the outside is undesirable because it can reduce the appearance design of the wood-steel fireproof column and its fire-resistant performance.

[0008] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and relates to a wood-steel fire-resistant pillar in which a fire-retardant layer is provided around a steel pillar and a wooden substitute fire layer is provided around the fire-retardant layer, and its object is to provide a wood-steel fire-resistant pillar and an installation method thereof that can prevent the fire-retardant layer inside from being exposed to the outside even if the substitute fire layer shrinks due to aging or temperature changes, etc. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, one aspect of the wood-steel fireproof column according to the present invention is as follows: A wood-steel fireproof column comprising a steel column and a wooden burning layer disposed around the column, The steel column has a rectangular or approximately rectangular cross-sectional shape; a steel base fixed to each side of the steel column; a non-combustible board that forms a fire-retardant layer and is fixed to the steel substrate by fasteners; The combustion substitute layer comprises wooden blocks that are L-shaped in plan view and are arranged at the corners, and wooden boards whose ends engage with both of the pair of wooden blocks on the outside of the non-combustible board, and at least the wooden boards are fixed to the steel base with fasteners.

[0010] According to this aspect, the substitute fire layer outside the non-combustible boards that form the fire-retardant layer comprises wooden blocks that are L-shaped in plan view and are arranged at the corners of the wood-steel fire-resistant column, and wooden boards whose ends engage with both of the pair of wooden blocks outside the non-combustible boards.Even if the wooden blocks and wooden boards shrink due to aging or temperature changes, the engaged posture of both is maintained, preventing the internal fire-retardant layer from being exposed to the outside.This prevents a decrease in the appearance design and fire-resistance performance of the wood-steel fire-resistant column due to the fire-retardant layer being exposed to the outside.

[0011] Furthermore, a steel base is fixed to the side of the steel column, and a non-combustible board serving as a fire-stopping layer and a wood board serving as a substitute fire layer are fastened to the steel base with fasteners, resulting in a wood-steel fire-resistant column with excellent workability. Here, "at least the wood board is fastened to the steel base with fasteners" includes both a configuration in which only the wood board is fastened to the steel base with fasteners and the wood block is not fastened, and a configuration in which both the wood board and the wood block are fastened to the steel base with their own fasteners. Even in the former configuration, since the ends of the wood block and the wood board are engaged with each other, the wood block is indirectly fixed to the steel base by the fasteners used to fasten the wood board to the steel base.

[0012] In another aspect of the wood-steel fireproof column according to the present invention, The end of the wooden block is provided with a recess that is recessed on the outside, The end of the wood board is provided with a protruding portion that protrudes outward, The protrusion is engaged with the recess from the outside to form a tongue portion, and the recess and the protrusion are fixed to each other by a fastener, The wooden board and the non-combustible board located inside thereof are fixed to the steel base with fasteners.

[0013] According to this aspect, a convex portion protruding from the outside at the end of the wood board engages with a concave portion recessed on the outside at the end of the wood block from the outside to form a tongue portion, and the concave and convex portions are fixed to each other with fasteners, so that a substitute fire layer with a tongue portion that makes the internal fire-retardant layer invisible from the outside can be formed, with good attachment of the wood board to the pair of wood blocks.

[0014] Another aspect of the wood-steel fireproof column according to the present invention is: When the ends of the wooden boards are engaged with the ends of the pair of wooden blocks, the outer surfaces of the wooden boards and the wooden blocks are flush with each other.

[0015] According to this aspect, when the ends of the wood board are engaged with the ends of a pair of wood blocks, the outer surfaces of the wood board and the wood blocks are flush with each other, thereby forming a wood-steel fire-resistant pillar with excellent external design.

[0016] In addition, one aspect of the construction method for a wood-steel fireproof column according to the present invention is as follows: A method for constructing a wood-steel fireproof column comprising a steel column and a wooden burning substitute layer disposed around the column, A process A includes erecting the steel column, which has a rectangular or approximately rectangular cross section and has a steel base fixed to each side; Step B: fixing a non-combustible board that forms a fire-retardant layer to the steel substrate with fasteners; Step C: Fixing a wooden block having an L-shape in plan view that constitutes the burning substitute layer to the outside of the non-combustible board extending in two orthogonal directions at the corner; The method is characterized by having a step D in which, on the outside of the non-combustible board, both ends of the wooden board that constitutes the substitute combustion layer are engaged with both of the pair of wooden blocks, and the wooden board and the non-combustible board inside it are fixed to the steel base with fasteners.

[0017] According to this aspect, a steel column with a steel base attached to its side is erected, and non-combustible boards that form a fire-retardant layer are fastened to the steel base with fasteners, resulting in an excellent construction method. Furthermore, at the corners of the wood-steel fire-resistant column, L-shaped wooden blocks that form the fire-retardant layer are fastened to the outside of non-combustible boards extending in two perpendicular directions. The ends of the wooden boards that form the fire-retardant layer are engaged with both of the pair of wooden blocks on the outside of the non-combustible boards, and the wooden boards and the non-combustible boards inside them are fastened to the steel base with fasteners. This allows the wooden blocks and boards to maintain their engagement even if they shrink due to aging or temperature changes, preventing the internal fire-retardant layer from being exposed to the outside. This prevents a deterioration in the appearance and fire-resistance of the wood-steel fire-resistant column due to the exposed fire-retardant layer.

[0018] In another aspect of the method for installing a wood-steel fireproof column according to the present invention, The end of the wooden block is provided with a recess that is recessed on the outside, The end of the wood board is provided with a protruding portion that protrudes outward, In the step D, The method is characterized in that the protrusion is engaged with the recess from the outside to form a tongue portion, the recess and the protrusion are fixed to each other with fasteners, and further the wood board and the non-combustible board inside it are fixed to the steel base with fasteners.

[0019] According to this aspect, a tongue is formed by engaging a protruding portion protruding from the outside at the end of a wood board with a recessed portion recessed on the outside at the end of a wood block from the outside, and the recessed and protruding portions are fixed to each other with fasteners.Furthermore, the wood board and non-combustible board are fixed to a steel base with separate fasteners.This allows the wood board to be attached to a pair of wood blocks with good attachment properties, and forms a substitute fire layer with a tongue that makes the internal fire-retardant layer invisible from the outside. [Effects of the Invention]

[0020] As can be understood from the above explanation, according to the wood-steel fire-resistant column and its installation method of the present invention, a fire-retardant layer is provided around the steel column, and a wooden sub-combustion layer is provided around the fire-retardant layer.Even if the sub-combustion layer shrinks due to aging or temperature changes, the fire-retardant layer inside it can be prevented from being exposed to the outside. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0021] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a front view showing the appearance of an example of a wood-steel fireproof pillar according to an embodiment. [Figure 2] 1, which is a cross-sectional view of the wood-steel fireproof pillar cut at a midpoint and looking downward, and is a process diagram of an example of a construction method for a wood-steel fireproof pillar according to an embodiment, following FIG. 6. [Figure 3] 3 is a view taken along the line III-III in FIG. 2, and is a longitudinal cross-sectional view taken at a midpoint on one side of the wood-steel fireproof pillar. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a process diagram of an example of a method for constructing a wood-steel fire-resistant pillar according to an embodiment. [Figure 5] 4, is a process diagram of an example of a construction method for a wood-steel fireproof pillar according to the embodiment. [Figure 6] 5, is a process diagram of an example of a method for constructing a wood-steel fireproof pillar according to the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0022] Hereinafter, an example of a wood-steel fireproof column and an installation method thereof according to an embodiment will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that in this specification and drawings, substantially identical components will be designated by the same reference numerals, and redundant explanations may be omitted.

[0023] [Wood-steel fireproof pillar according to the embodiment and its construction method] An example of a wood-steel fireproof pillar and its installation method according to an embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 1 to Fig. 6. Fig. 1 is a front view showing the appearance of an example of a wood-steel fireproof pillar according to an embodiment. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in Fig. 1, showing a cross-sectional view of the wood-steel fireproof pillar cut at a midpoint and looking downward. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in Fig. 2, showing a vertical cross-sectional view of the wood-steel fireproof pillar cut at a midpoint on one side. Figs. 4, 5, 6, and 2 are, respectively, process diagrams of an example of a method of installing a wood-steel fireproof pillar according to an embodiment.

[0024] The wood-steel fire-resistant pillar 100 comprises a steel pillar 10, a non-combustible board 30 (an example of a fire-retardant layer) arranged around the steel pillar 10, and a wood block 40 and a wood board 50 (together an example of a substitute fire layer) arranged around the non-combustible board 30.

[0025] The steel column 10 is formed from a square steel pipe, a four-sided box column made of four steel plates welded together, or the like, and its cross-sectional shape is approximately square with curved corners (an example of a rectangle) as shown in Figure 2.

[0026] Of the four side surfaces 11 of the steel column 10, a steel base 20 extending laterally (e.g., horizontally) is fixed at a position corresponding to the horizontal joint 62 of the adjacent burning layer 60 in the vertical direction shown in Figure 1.

[0027] More specifically, as shown in Fig. 3, the steel base 20 is a lipped channel steel having a web 21, a pair of flanges 22, and lips 23 bent at right angles at the ends of each flange 22, and the lips 23 are welded to the side surface 11 of the steel column 10. Here, the steel base may be formed from a lipped channel steel as shown in the figure, or a channel steel or square steel pipe without a lip.

[0028] As shown in Figure 3, the upper and lower ends of the wooden boards 50 (and the wooden blocks 40) have recesses 57 and protrusions 58 on their edge surfaces, and the upper and lower wooden boards 50 (and the wooden blocks 40) are connected by the recesses 57 of adjacent wooden boards 50 fitting into the protrusions 58 of the other wooden board 50, thereby engaging with each other.

[0029] As shown in Figure 2, the inner non-combustible board 30A (first layer of non-combustible board) is fastened to the web 21 of the steel base 20 fixed to each side 11 of the steel column 10 with fasteners 81 such as screws, and the outer non-combustible board 30B (second layer of non-combustible board) is fastened to the inner non-combustible board 30A with separate fasteners 82.

[0030] Here, the non-combustible board 30 is formed of gypsum board, calcium silicate board, or the like, and the two-layer structure of gypsum board, or the like, enhances the fire resistance of the wood-steel fireproof column 100. The non-combustible board may have a single layer structure, or may have a three-layer structure (three panels) if necessary.

[0031] In addition to general gypsum board, gypsum board includes reinforced gypsum board, ordinary hard gypsum board, sheathing hard gypsum board, moisture-absorbing and desorbing reinforced gypsum board, moisture-absorbing and desorbing ordinary gypsum board, moisture-absorbing and desorbing hard gypsum board, glass fiber nonwoven fabric-reinforced gypsum board, glass mat gypsum board, etc.

[0032] The substitute fire layer 60 comprises wooden blocks 40 that are L-shaped in plan view and are fixed to the fire-stopping layer 30 at the four corners of the wooden-steel fire-resistant pillar 100, and wooden boards 50 whose ends are engaged with both of the pair of wooden blocks 40 on the outside of the non-combustible board 30.

[0033] The ends of the wooden blocks 40 are provided with recesses 45 that are recessed on the outside, and the ends of the wooden boards 50 are provided with protrusions 55 that protrude on the outside, and in the assembled position shown in Fig. 2, on each of the four side surfaces of the wood-steel fireproof pillar 100, a tongue-and-groove portion 70 is formed by a pair of protrusions 55 on the left and right sides of the wooden boards 50 engaging with the recesses 45 of a pair of wooden blocks 40 on the left and right, respectively. In the cross section of the wood-steel fireproof pillar 100 shown in Fig. 2, two tongue-and-groove portions 70 are formed on each of the four side surfaces, for a total of eight tongue-and-groove portions 70 formed around the frame-shaped substitute combustion layer 60.

[0034] In the tongue and groove portion 70, the convex portion 55 and the concave portion 45 are fastened together by fasteners 83. The wood board 50 and the two inner layers of non-combustible boards 30A and 30B are fastened to the steel substrate 20 by fasteners 84.

[0035] Here, fasteners 83, 84 such as screws fasten each component by being driven into the bottom of a countersunk groove 52 provided on the outer surface 51 of the wooden board 50, and the heads of the fasteners 83, 84 are housed inside the countersunk groove 52. Although not shown in the drawings, the countersunk groove 52 may be closed with a wooden plug or the like.

[0036] In addition, on each side of the wood-steel fireproof pillar 100, the outer surface 51 of the wood board 50 and the outer surface 41 of the wood block 40 are flush with each other, which, together with the exposed wood, enhances the appearance design.

[0037] Here, the wooden board 50 is formed from structural plywood, laminated lumber (material in which multiple pieces of lumber are fastened together with adhesives or screws, etc.), CLT (Cross Laminated Timber) panels, etc. The wooden block 40 may be formed from the same material as the wooden board 50, or may be formed from square lumber.

[0038] As shown in Figure 2, the substitute fire layer 60 located on the outside of the non-combustible board 30 that forms the fire-retardant layer comprises a wooden block 40 that is L-shaped in plan view and is fixed to the fire-retardant layer 30 at the corner of the wooden-steel fire-resistant pillar 100, and a wooden board 50 whose ends engage with both of the pair of wooden blocks 40 on the outside of the non-combustible board 30.Even if the wooden block 40 and the wooden board 50 shrink in the X2 or X1 direction due to aging or temperature changes, the engaged posture of both is maintained, preventing the internal fire-retardant layer 30 from being exposed to the outside.

[0039] This prevents the deterioration of the appearance design and fire resistance performance of the wood-steel fire-resistant pillar 100 caused by the fire-stopping layer 30 being exposed to the outside.

[0040] Here, the overlap of the convex portion 55 over the concave portion 45 in the tongue portion 70 is set so that the minimum necessary overlap remains when the wood board 50 or wood block 40 shrinks by the maximum amount of shrinkage, for example, the amount of shrinkage of the wood board 50 or wood block 40 over its designed service life or the amount of shrinkage of the wood board 50 or wood block 40 due to expected annual temperature changes.

[0041] Next, an example of a method for constructing a wood-steel fireproof pillar according to the embodiment will be outlined.

[0042] First, as shown in FIG. 4, the steel column 10 having the steel base 20 fixed to each side surface 11 is transported to the site and erected at the site (step A).

[0043] Next, as shown in FIG. 5, two layers of non-combustible boards 30A and 30B that form a fire-retardant layer are fixed to the steel substrate 20 in order via fasteners 81 and 82 (step B).

[0044] Next, as shown in Fig. 6, at each of the four corners, a wooden block 40 having an L-shape in plan view is temporarily fixed to the outside of the non-combustible board 30 extending in two perpendicular directions. Here, the temporary fixing is performed by, for example, driving a staple or the like (not shown) into the non-combustible board 30 through the recess 45 of the wooden block 40 (step C).

[0045] After the wooden blocks 40 are temporarily fixed to each corner, tongues 70 are formed by engaging the protrusions 55 at both ends of the wooden board 50 with the recesses 45 of both of the pair of wooden blocks 40 on the outside of each of the non-combustible boards 30 on the four sides, as shown in Figure 2, and a substitute combustion layer 60 is formed consisting of multiple (four in the illustrated example) wooden blocks 40 and multiple (four in the illustrated example) wooden boards 50. Then, the wooden board 50 and the non-combustible boards 30A and 30B located inside it are fixed to the steel base 20 with fasteners 84.

[0046] Here, the pair of wooden blocks 40 that were temporarily fixed to the non-combustible board 30 are permanently fixed to the steel base 20 together with the wooden board 50 by having their recesses 45 pressed in from the outside by the protrusions 55 of the wooden board 50, and the wooden board 50 being fixed to the steel base 20 with fasteners 84.

[0047] The wood-steel fireproof pillar 100 is constructed by forming the substitute combustion layer 60 on the four side surfaces (Step D).

[0048] According to the construction method shown in the figure, a steel column 10 with a steel base 20 fixed to its side surface 11 is erected, and a non-combustible board 30 that forms a fire-retardant layer is fixed to the steel base 20 with fasteners 81, 82, thereby improving construction efficiency.

[0049] Furthermore, at the corners of the wood-steel fire-resistant pillar 100, a tongue 70 is formed by engaging a protrusion 55 that protrudes outward from the end of the wood board 50 with a recess 45 that is recessed on the outside at the end of the wood block 40 from the outside, and the recess 45 and protrusion 55 are fixed to each other with fasteners 83.Furthermore, the wood board 50 and the non-combustible board 30 are fixed to the steel base 20 with separate fasteners 84.This allows the wood board 50 to be attached to the pair of wood blocks 40 with good attachment properties, and forms a substitute fire layer 60 with a tongue 70 that makes the internal fire-retardant layer 30 invisible from the outside.

[0050] It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the configurations shown here, and other embodiments may be possible in which other components are combined with the configurations described in the above embodiments. In this regard, the present invention can be modified within the scope of the present invention, and can be appropriately determined depending on the application form. [Explanation of symbols]

[0051] 10: Steel pillar 11: Side 20: Steel base (channel steel, channel steel with lip) 21:Web 22: Flange 23: Lip 30: Non-combustible board (fire-retardant layer) 30A: Inner non-combustible board (non-combustible board, fire-retardant layer) 30B: Outer non-combustible board (non-combustible board, fire retardant layer) 40: Wood block 41:Outer surface 45: Recess (end) 50: Wood board 51:Outer surface 52: Seat groove 55: Convex part (end) 60: Burning layer 62: Horizontal joint 70: Sanebe 81, 82, 83, 84: Fasteners 100: Wood-steel fireproof pillar

Claims

1. A wood-steel fireproof column comprising a steel column and a wooden burning layer disposed around the column, The steel column has a rectangular or approximately rectangular cross-sectional shape; a steel base fixed to each side of the steel column; a non-combustible board that forms a fire-retardant layer and is fixed to the steel substrate by fasteners; A wood-steel fire-resistant column characterized in that the combustion substitute layer comprises wooden blocks that are L-shaped in plan view and arranged at the corners, and wooden boards whose ends are engaged with both of the pair of wooden blocks on the outside of the non-combustible board, and at least the wooden boards are fixed to the steel base with fasteners.

2. The end of the wooden block is provided with a recess that is recessed on the outside, The end of the wood board is provided with a protruding portion that protrudes outward, The protrusion is engaged with the recess from the outside to form a tongue portion, and the recess and the protrusion are fixed to each other by a fastener, 2. The wood-steel fireproof column according to claim 1, wherein the wood board and the non-combustible board on the inside thereof are fixed to the steel base with fasteners.

3. A wood-steel fire-resistant column as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that when the ends of the wood boards are engaged with the ends of a pair of the wood blocks, the outer surfaces of the wood boards and the outer surfaces of the wood blocks are flush with each other.

4. A method for constructing a wood-steel fireproof column comprising a steel column and a wooden burning substitute layer disposed around the column, A step A includes erecting the steel column, which has a rectangular or approximately rectangular cross section and has a steel base fixed to each side surface; Step B: fixing a non-combustible board that forms a fire-retardant layer to the steel substrate with fasteners; Step C: Fixing a wooden block having an L-shape in plan view that constitutes the burning substitute layer to the outside of the non-combustible board extending in two orthogonal directions at the corner; A method for constructing a wood-steel fire-resistant pillar, characterized by including a step D in which both ends of the wood board constituting the substitute fire layer are engaged with both of the pair of wood blocks on the outside of the non-combustible board, and the wood board and the non-combustible board located inside thereof are fixed to the steel base with fasteners.

5. The end of the wooden block is provided with a recess that is recessed on the outside, The end of the wood board is provided with a protruding portion that protrudes outward, In the step D, 5. A method for constructing a wood-steel fire-resistant column as described in claim 4, characterized in that the protrusion is engaged with the recess from the outside to form a tongue portion, the recess and the protrusion are fixed to each other with fasteners, and further the wood board and the non-combustible board inside it are fixed to the steel base with fasteners.

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