Charge / discharge planning device, charge / discharge planning method, and charge / discharge planning program

Abstract

To provide a charge / discharge planning device capable of predicting a limit value related to an electric power that a consumer can charge and discharge in the future.SOLUTION: A charge / discharge planning device includes: a distribution unit 102 that distributes a planned value of a charge / discharge power of a consumer group including a plurality of consumers having a storage battery as a planned distribution value to the consumers so as not to exceed a charge / discharge limit value, which is a limit related to the charge / discharge power of the consumers belonging to the consumer group, in a time zone belonging to a period including a plurality of time zones; a capacity predicting unit 103 that calculates a capacity limit value in a next time zone using a charge / discharge electric energy obtained by time-integrating the planned distribution value in a time zone and a capacity limit value indicating an electric energy that can be charged / discharged by a consumer; a charge / discharge limit predicting unit 104 that determines the charge / discharge limit value based on the capacity limit value as a charge / discharge limit value in the next time zone; and a command unit 105 that outputs the planned distribution value as a command value to the consumer.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a charge / discharge planning device, a charge / discharge planning method, and a charge / discharge planning program that create a plan for charging and discharging a storage battery owned by a consumer. [Background technology]

[0002] Recently, storage batteries have been rapidly spreading among consumers. For example, consumers are using storage batteries as emergency power sources for their homes or as power sources for electric vehicles (EVs). These storage batteries owned by consumers are expected to be utilized for purposes other than their original purpose of power supply equipment or power sources, such as stabilizing the power grid. As a result, a planning method for effectively charging and discharging a large number of storage batteries is required.

[0003] For example, in the output distribution control device disclosed in Patent Document 1, multiple storage batteries are treated as one virtual storage battery, and information indicating operational constraints of the virtual storage battery is created and used in calculations related to determining the output of the storage batteries, thereby reducing the calculation load required to determine the optimal operation schedule for multiple storage batteries. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-34514 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, in conventional power distribution control devices, the upper and lower output limits, which indicate the operational constraints of storage batteries, are preset values ​​for each time period, and it is not possible to make predictions that take into account the future charging and discharging of individual storage batteries. As a result, it is not possible to make detailed charging and discharging plans, and it is not possible to create charging and discharging plans that realize price differential trading in the electricity market using the charging and discharging power of multiple storage batteries, for example.

[0006] The present disclosure has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a charge / discharge planning device, a charge / discharge planning method, and a charge / discharge planning program that enable prediction of limit values ​​regarding the amount of power that a consumer can charge / discharge in the future, taking into account the amount of power that the consumer can charge / discharge, which fluctuates over time, and the planned charge / discharge power values ​​of a group of consumers consisting of multiple consumers. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The charge / discharge planning device of the present disclosure includes a distribution unit that distributes planned values ​​of charge / discharge power of a group of consumers consisting of multiple consumers with storage batteries to consumers as planned distribution values ​​during a time period belonging to a period consisting of multiple time periods so as not to exceed a charge / discharge limit value, which is a limit on the charge / discharge power of consumers belonging to the consumer group; a capacity prediction unit that calculates a capacity limit value for the time period following the current time period using the amount of charge / discharge power obtained by time-integrating the planned distribution value distributed by the distribution unit over time over the time period and a capacity limit value that indicates the amount of power that the consumer can charge / discharge during that time period; a charge / discharge limit prediction unit that determines the charge / discharge limit value based on the capacity limit value calculated by the capacity prediction unit as the charge / discharge limit value for the next time period; and a command unit that outputs the planned distribution value as a command value to the consumer.

[0008] A charge / discharge planning method according to the present disclosure includes the steps of: allocating, to consumers, as planned allocation values, planned values ​​of charge / discharge power of a group of consumers consisting of multiple consumers with storage batteries, during a time period belonging to a period consisting of multiple time periods, so as not to exceed charge / discharge limit values ​​that are limits on charge / discharge power of consumers belonging to the consumer group; calculating a capacity limit value for a time period following the time period using the amount of charge / discharge power obtained by time-integrating the planned allocation value over the time period and a capacity limit value that indicates the amount of power that the consumers can charge / discharge during the time period; determining the charge / discharge limit value based on the capacity limit value as the charge / discharge limit value for the next time period; and outputting the planned allocation value as a command value to the consumers during a time period including the current time within the period. A charge / discharge planning program according to the present disclosure causes a computer to execute each of the above steps. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] According to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a charge / discharge planning device, a charge / discharge planning method, and a charge / discharge planning program that enable a consumer to predict a limit value related to the power that can be charged / discharged in the future. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a relationship between a charge and discharge planning device, a consumer, and a consumer group according to the first embodiment. [Figure 2] A block diagram showing a charge / discharge planning device according to a first embodiment. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration of a computer system that realizes a charge / discharge planning device according to a first embodiment. [Figure 4] 1 is a flowchart showing the operation of the charge and discharge planning device according to the first embodiment. [Figure 5] 1 is a flowchart showing a process in which a distribution unit distributes a planned value of charge / discharge power to a consumer according to the first embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the relationship between a consumer, a system to which the consumer is connected, and input and output of power at a power receiving point in a first modification of the first embodiment. [Figure 7]A block diagram showing a charge / discharge planning device according to a second embodiment. [Figure 8] A block diagram showing a charge / discharge planning device according to a third embodiment. [Figure 9] 10 is a flowchart showing a process in which a constraint determination unit determines a consumer group constraint in the third embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing processing results in each step of processing in which a constraint determination unit determines a consumer group constraint in the third embodiment. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a process in which a constraint determination unit in the third embodiment determines a consumer group constraint for a consumer group made up of four consumers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0011] Embodiment 1 The overall configuration of the first embodiment will be described in detail with reference to Fig. 1. Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the relationship between a charge and discharge planning device 10, a consumer 20, and a consumer group 30 in the first embodiment. The consumer 20 has a load 201 such as a home appliance that consumes power, and a storage battery 202 that stores power. The storage battery 202 may be a battery mounted on an EV. A consumer group 30 is a unit that bundles together multiple consumers 20.

[0012] The charge and discharge planning device 10 predicts limit values ​​of power (unit: kW) and energy (kWh) related to future charging and discharging of the consumers 20, based on information indicating the states of the storage batteries 202 owned by the multiple consumers 20. Furthermore, the charge and discharge planning device 10 distributes and outputs plans related to charging and discharging power of the consumer group 30 to the consumers 20 belonging to the consumer group 30, based on the predicted limit values. In other words, the charge and discharge planning device 10 manages a large number of storage batteries 202 in an integrated manner, and creates charge and discharge plans that take into consideration constraints of each storage battery 202, such as the remaining battery capacity. Here, the prediction of the power and energy limit values ​​for charging and discharging performed by the charge / discharge planning device 10 means that for a certain period divided into time slots of, for example, 30 minutes each (hereinafter referred to as "segments"), the power and energy limit values ​​for the next frame or frames after the next frame are calculated based on various information in at least one frame.

[0013] The consumer 20 has a consumer terminal (not shown in FIG. 1 ) that is connected to the charge and discharge planning device 10 via a communication network and transmits information about the load 201 and the storage battery 202. The consumer terminal outputs information about devices owned by the consumer 20, such as a State Of Charge (SOC) indicating the remaining charge of the storage battery 202, to the charge and discharge planning device 10. The consumer terminal outputs the information about the devices in association with the time when the consumer terminal acquired the information from the device, a device ID (Identifier) ​​that is an identifier unique to each device, and a consumer ID that is an identifier unique to each consumer 20. Here, the connection method between the charge / discharge planning device 10 and the consumer 20 is not limited in any way, and they may be connected via the Internet or an intranet, or may be connected directly via a signal line such as a LAN (Local Area Network) cable, or may be connected via a wireless communication network.

[0014] Next, a functional configuration and a hardware configuration of the charge and discharge planning device 10 will be described with reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3. Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing the charge and discharge planning device 10 in the first embodiment, and Fig. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a computer system. As shown in Figure 2, the charge / discharge planning device 10 includes a first memory unit 111 that stores information about the consumer 20, a second memory unit 112 that stores information about a group of consumers 30 consisting of multiple consumers 20, an acquisition unit 101 that acquires information about the consumer 20 from the consumer terminal 200 and stores it in the first memory unit 111, a distribution unit 102 that distributes planned values ​​of charging and discharging power for the group of consumers 30 to the consumer 20, a capacity prediction unit 103 that calculates the amount of power that the consumer 20 can charge and discharge in the future, a charge / discharge limit prediction unit 104 that determines the upper limit value of the power that the consumer 20 can charge and discharge in the future, and a command unit 105 that outputs the planned distribution value as a command value to the consumer 20 in the frame including the current time.

[0015] The charge and discharge planning device 10 is realized by executing a program (hereinafter referred to as a charge and discharge planning program) in which the processing to be performed by the charge and discharge planning device 10 is described in a computer system whose configuration example is shown in Fig. 3. This computer system includes an arithmetic unit 301, a storage unit 302, a communication unit 303, a display controller 311, and a device controller 304, which are connected via a system bus 321. Here, Fig. 3 is an example, and the configuration of the computer system that realizes the charge and discharge planning device 10 is not limited to the example of Fig. 3.

[0016] Here, the arithmetic device 301 is a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and executes a charge / discharge planning program. The storage device 302 includes various memories such as a RAM (Random Access Memory) and a storage device such as a hard disk, and stores the charge / discharge planning program executed by the arithmetic device 301 and necessary data obtained in the process of processing, and is also used as a temporary storage area for the program. The communication device 303 is a receiver and transmitter that executes communication processing. The device controller 304 acquires operation signals from an input device (not shown) related to input of various setting values ​​and transmits them to the charge / discharge planning program executed by the arithmetic device 301.

[0017] Of the functional components of the charge and discharge planning device 10 shown in Fig. 2, the first storage unit 111 and the second storage unit 112 are realized by the storage device 302 in Fig. 3. Furthermore, the process of the acquisition unit 101 shown in Fig. 2 acquiring information from the customer terminal 200 and the process of the command unit 105 are realized by the communication device 303 in Fig. 3. Furthermore, the process of the acquisition unit 101 shown in Fig. 2 storing information in the first storage unit 111, and the processes of the distribution unit 102, the capacity prediction unit 103, and the charge and discharge limit prediction unit 104 are realized by a charge and discharge planning program executed by the arithmetic device 301 in Fig. 3.

[0018] Next, each functional configuration of the charge and discharge planning device 10 will be described in detail with reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 4. Fig. 4 is a flowchart showing the operation of the charge and discharge planning device 10 in the first embodiment. In step S01 of Fig. 4, the acquisition unit 101 acquires, for example, at one-minute intervals, information indicating the state of the storage battery 202 of each consumer 20 associated with the time, device ID, and consumer ID from the consumer terminal 200. Furthermore, the acquisition unit 101 stores the acquired information in the first storage unit 111. The acquisition unit 101 acquires, as an example of information indicating the state of the storage battery 202, a State Of Charge (SOC) indicating the remaining charge.

[0019] The first memory unit 111 stores information on the SOC of the storage battery 202 owned by each consumer 20 associated with the time, device ID, and consumer ID acquired by the acquisition unit 101, the charge / discharge efficiency of the storage battery 202 owned by each consumer 20, and the upper limit of the dischargeable amount corresponding to the rated capacity, and various values ​​related to the consumer 20 calculated by each component of the charge / discharge planning device 10. Here, various values ​​described hereinafter are values ​​for each frame unless otherwise specified. The first storage unit 111 stores various values ​​calculated for each frame by each component of the charge / discharge planning device 10 in association with the frame number t, which is a discrete value where t=1 is the frame including the current time, and the consumer ID. However, the charge / discharge efficiency and the upper limit of the dischargeable amount are fixed values ​​regardless of the frame t, and may store values ​​input by an input device via the device controller 304 or values ​​acquired from the consumer terminal 200.

[0020] In the second storage unit 112, various values ​​related to the consumer group 30 are stored in association with the frame number t. The second storage unit 112 stores, for example, a planned value of charging / discharging power of the consumer group 30 (hereinafter referred to as a charging / discharging planned value) in association with the frame number t. Here, the various values ​​stored in the second storage unit 112 are input in advance by an input device (not shown).

[0021] In step S02 of FIG. 4, the distribution unit 102 distributes the charge / discharge plan value of the consumer group 30 to the consumers 20 belonging to the consumer group 30 as a planned distribution value in each frame so as not to exceed the charge / discharge limit value of each consumer 20. Hereinafter, the process of distributing the charge / discharge plan value in each frame (hereinafter referred to as distribution process) performed by the distribution unit 102 will be described in more detail with reference to Fig. 5. Fig. 5 is a flowchart showing the distribution process in frame t. Here, the range of frames t to be subjected to the distribution process may be determined arbitrarily.

[0022] 5, the distribution unit 102 starts a loop of repetitive processing shown in steps S12 to S14 for m, which represents the number of times the distribution processing is performed. m is a discrete value whose initial value is 1, and the value is increased by 1 each time the processing is repeated.

[0023] In step S12 of FIG. 5, the distribution unit 102 obtains from the first storage unit 111 the amount of power E that the n-th consumer 20 can discharge in the frame t. Dis(n,t) and the amount of chargeable energy E Cha(n,t) (both in kWh) and the upper limit of dischargeable capacity E of the nth consumer 20 Dis-max(n) (unit: kWh) and the undistributable amount ΔP that could not be distributed to the nth consumer 20 due to the charge / discharge restriction in the (m-1)th distribution process for frame t. (m-1,n,t) (unit: kW) is read out. Hereinafter, the amount of dischargeable power and the amount of chargeable power will be collectively referred to as the capacity limit value. (m-1,n,t) is a value in which discharging is positive and charging is negative, and is calculated in step S14 described later and stored in the first storage unit 111.

[0024] Furthermore, the distribution unit 102 calculates a distribution coefficient k , which indicates a distribution rate of the charge / discharge plan value for the n-th consumer 20 in the m-th distribution process for the frame t, by using equation (1-1a) in the case of discharging and equation (1-1b) in the case of charging. (m,n,t) Calculate. In the formulas (1-1a) and (1-1b), N is the number of consumers 20 belonging to the consumer group 30. (m,n,t) is a discrete value of 0 or 1 indicating whether the n-th consumer 20 is to be distributed in the m-th distribution process for the frame t, and is determined by the formula (1-2). Dis(n,t) and E Cha(n,t) For frames of t=1 including the current time, the value calculated by equation (1-3) is used, and for frames of t=2 and after, the value calculated by the capacity prediction unit 103 (described later) is used. In equation (1-3), η (n) is the charge / discharge efficiency of the n-th consumer 20, SOC (n,t=1) represents the SOC of the n-th consumer 20 in frame t=1, and these are read out from the first storage unit 111 and used.

[0025]

number

[0026] In step S13 of FIG. 5, the distributor 102 obtains from the first storage unit 111 the upper limit value S of the power that the n-th consumer 20 can discharge in the frame t. Dis(n,t) and the upper limit of chargeable power S Cha(n,t) (both in kW) and the charge / discharge plan value C of consumer group 30 at frame t (t) (unit: kW) is further read out. Hereinafter, the upper limit of dischargeable power and the upper limit of chargeable power will be collectively referred to as charge / discharge limit values.

[0027] Furthermore, the distribution unit 102 calculates the planned distribution value P for the n-th consumer 20 in the m-th distribution process for the frame t by using the formula (1-4a) in the case of discharging and the formula (1-4b) in the case of charging.(m,n,t) (unit: kW) is calculated. Here, the planned distribution value P (m,n,t) is a value where discharging is positive and charging is negative. The function min used in equations (1-4a) and (1-4b) represents the smallest of multiple real numbers. For example, when written as min(X, Y, Z), it represents the smallest of the real numbers X, Y, and Z. In equations (1-4a) and (1-4b), the charge / discharge limit value S Dis(n,t) and S Cha(n,t) For the frame of t=1 including the current time, a value calculated by the formula (1-5) is used, and for frames from t=2 onwards, a value calculated by the charge / discharge limit prediction unit 104, which will be described later, is used. Here, Δt is the time width of the frame (unit: hours), and may be stored in advance in the distribution unit 102 using an input device, or may be stored in advance in the first storage unit 111 using an input device and read out by the distribution unit 102. Furthermore, the distribution unit 102 calculates the planned distribution value P (m,n,t) The cumulative value D up to the mth distribution process (m,n,t) (unit: kW) is calculated. Here, the cumulative value D (m,n,t) is a value where discharging is positive and charging is negative.

[0028]

number

[0029] In step S14 of FIG. 5, the distribution unit 102 calculates the non-distributable amount ΔP of the n-th consumer 20 in the m-th distribution process for the frame t by using equation (1-7a) in the case of discharging and equation (1-7b) in the case of charging. (m,n,t) (unit: kW) Furthermore, the distribution unit 102 calculates the undistributable amount ΔP of the consumer group 30 in the m-th distribution process for the frame t by using the formula (1-8). (m,t) (unit: kW)

[0030]

number

[0031] In step S15 of FIG. 5, the distribution unit 102 determines whether the distribution process is complete. In detail, ΔP (m,t) If ΔP is 0, it is determined that the distribution process is completed, and the loop of the repetitive process for m is ended, and the process proceeds to step S16. (m,t) If ≠ 0, it is determined that the distribution process is not complete, and steps S12 to S15 are performed again to continue the distribution process. Hereinafter, the number of repetitions m performed until the distribution process is completed will be represented as M.

[0032] In step S16 of FIG. 5, the distribution unit 102 calculates the planned distribution value P (n,t) (units are kW)

[0033]

number

[0034] After the processing of steps S11 to S16 is completed, the distribution unit 102 calculates the planned distribution value P (n,t) to the capacity prediction unit 103 and the command unit 105.

[0035] Returning to FIGS. 2 and 4, the detailed description of each functional configuration of the charge and discharge planning device 10 will be continued. In step S03 of FIG. 4, the capacity prediction unit 103 obtains the capacity limit value E Dis(n,t) and E Cha(n,t) Furthermore, the capacity prediction unit 103 reads out the planned distribution value P (n,t) The charge / discharge power amount obtained by time integration within the frame and the capacity limit value E Dis(n,t) and E Cha(n,t) Using this, the capacity limit value E in the next frame t+1 Dis(n,t+1) and E Cha(n,t+1) Furthermore, the capacity prediction unit 103 outputs these calculated values ​​to the charge / discharge limit prediction unit 104.

[0036] In detail, the capacity prediction unit 103 calculates a capacity limit value E related to discharge in the t+1th frame (hereinafter referred to as frame t+1) by the formula (1-10). Dis(n,t+1) (unit: kWh). Furthermore, the capacity prediction unit 103 calculates E Dis(n,t) E Cha(n,t) Instead, the capacity limit value E for charging at frame t+1 Cha(n,t+1) (unit: kWh) Here, the capacity limit value E for the frame t=1 including the current time Dis(n,t=1) and E Cha(n,t=1) As in the process of step S12 in the distribution unit 102, the value calculated by the formula (1-3) is used.

[0037]

number

[0038] In step S04 of FIG. 4, the charge / discharge limit prediction unit 104 calculates the capacity limit value E Dis(n,t+1) and E Cha(n,t+1) As a result, the charge / discharge limit value S of the n-th consumer 20 at frame t+1 is Dis(n,t+1) and S Cha(n,t+1) (both in units of kW) and store these determined values ​​in the first storage unit 111. In detail, the charge / discharge limit prediction unit 104 calculates the charge / discharge limit value S regarding the discharge of the n-th consumer 20 in the frame t+1 by the formula (1-11). Dis(n,t+1) Furthermore, the charge / discharge limit prediction unit 104 calculates E Dis(n,t+1) E Cha(n,t+1) Instead, the charge / discharge limit value S for the charging of the n-th consumer 20 at frame t+1 Cha(n,t+1) (unit: kW) Here, the time width Δt of the frame may be stored in advance in the charge / discharge limit prediction unit 104 using an input device, or may be stored in advance in the first storage unit 111 using an input device and read out by the charge / discharge limit prediction unit 104.

[0039]

number

[0040] In step S05 of FIG. 4, the command unit 105 calculates the planned distribution value P (n,t) are output to the customer terminal 200 via the communication device 303 as command values ​​for the output of the corresponding storage batteries 202. The customer 20 controls the output of the storage batteries 202 based on the command values ​​received from the command unit 105 of the charge and discharge planning device 10 via the customer terminal 200.

[0041] In this way, the distribution unit 102 calculates the charge / discharge plan value C (t) , the charge / discharge limit value S Dis(n,t) and S Cha(n,t) The planned distribution value P (n,t) The capacity prediction unit 103 calculates the planned distribution value P (n,t) The charge / discharge power amount obtained by time integration for each frame t and the capacity limit value E Dis(n,t) and E Cha(n,t) Using this, the capacity limit value E in the next frame Dis(n,t+1) and E Cha(n,t+1) The charge / discharge limit prediction unit 104 calculates the capacity limit value E Dis(n,t+1) and E Cha(n,t+1) The charge / discharge limit value by the next frame is the charge / discharge limit value S Dis(n,t+1) and S Cha(n,t+1) The command unit 105 determines the planned distribution value P (n,t) is configured to output the command value to the consumer 20, it is possible to provide a charge / discharge planning device 10 that can predict a charge / discharge limit value, which is the upper limit of the power that can be charged / discharged by the consumer 20 in each frame, taking into consideration a capacity limit value, which is a limit on the amount of power that can be charged / discharged by multiple consumers 20, and a charge / discharge plan value of a consumer group 30 made up of multiple consumers 20.

[0042] In the first embodiment, an example has been shown in which the charge / discharge planning device 10 is connected to the consumer 20; however, the present invention is not limited to this example, and the charge / discharge planning device 10 may be connected to, for example, JEPX (Japan Electric Power eXchange), which is a trading venue for power shortages or surplus power, an imbalance charge disclosure server that provides information on imbalance charge unit prices that arise for imbalances between power supply and demand plans and actual results, OCCTO (Organization for Cross-regional Coordination of Transmission Operators), which manages the power supply and demand situations of each electric utility company and instructs the interchange of power between electric utilities, general electricity transmission and distribution companies, retail electricity companies, and a weather information server that provides weather forecasts and actual results information.

[0043] In the first embodiment, the charge and discharge planning device 10 is realized by a computer system, an example of which is shown in Fig. 3. However, the present invention is not limited to this example, and the charge and discharge planning device 10 may be realized by a plurality of computer systems or a cloud system. This allows a suitable hardware configuration to be selected appropriately depending on the calculation load, such as the number of consumers 20.

[0044] In addition, in embodiment 1, an example has been shown in which the acquisition unit 101 acquires information output from the customer terminal 200 at one-minute intervals, but this is not limited to this example, and the time interval for acquiring information may be determined arbitrarily as long as it can be acquired at least once per frame.

[0045] In addition, in the first embodiment, the charge / discharge efficiency η (n) In this case, the charge / discharge efficiency η of each frame stored in the first storage unit 111 is set to a fixed value independent of the frame t. (n,t) may be input in advance by an input device via the device controller 304, or may be acquired from the customer terminal 200 via the communication device 303.

[0046] In the first embodiment, the distribution unit 102 calculates a distribution coefficient k (m,n,t) is determined by the formulas (1-1a) and (1-1b), but the present invention is not limited to this example. The distribution unit 102 may determine the distribution coefficient k (m,n,t) may be determined and the charging / discharging plans may be distributed evenly to the consumers 20 that can be distributed.

[0047]

number

[0048] In the first embodiment, the distribution unit 102 calculates a discrete value j (m,n,t) is determined using equation (1-2), but is not limited to this example, and the discrete value j (m,n,t) In this case, the first storage unit 111 stores the discrete values ​​j (m,n,t) The distribution unit 102 stores the discrete value j stored in the first storage unit 111 in advance. (m,n,t) In this way, for example, the planned shutdown for inspection of the storage battery 202 can be calculated based on the charge / discharge plan value C (t) This can be reflected in the distribution of

[0049] Modification 1 of the First Embodiment A first modification of the first embodiment will be described. In this modification, the configuration of the charge and discharge planning device 10 is the same as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2. The charge and discharge planning device 10 of this modification uses the charge and discharge limit value S Dis(n) and S Cha(n) The method of determining the number of times is different from that of embodiment 1. Of the other components, the description of the same components as those of embodiment 1 will be omitted.

[0050] Charge / discharge limit value S Dis(n) and S Cha(n)The difference in the method of determining the charge / discharge limit value S is that the charge / discharge limit prediction unit 104 determines the charge / discharge limit value S so that the input / output power between the consumer 20 and the grid does not exceed the power receiving point limit value, which is the limit value of the input / output power at the power receiving point. Dis(n) and S Cha(n) The point is to limit the In detail, as shown in FIG. 6, for each consumer 20, a first demand forecast value L1, which is a forecast value of the power consumption of the load 201, is calculated. (n) The sum of the charge and discharge power of the storage battery 202 is equal to or less than the power receiving point limit value B, which is the limit value of the input / output power at the power receiving point 212. RE(n) The charge / discharge limit value S must not be exceeded. Dis(n) and S Cha(n) 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the input and output of power at consumer 20, grid 211 to which consumer 20 is connected, and power receiving point 212, and the arrows in the diagram are drawn so that the values ​​point in the positive direction.

[0051] In this modification, the first storage unit 111 stores a first demand forecast value L1 for each customer 20. (n) and power receiving point limit value B RE(n) These values ​​may be acquired from the customer terminal 200 via the communication device 303 and stored, or may be input by an input device via the device controller 304 and stored.

[0052] The charge / discharge limit prediction unit 104 obtains, from the first storage unit 111, a first demand prediction value L1 for the n-th consumer 20 at frame t+1. (n,t+1) and power receiving point limit value B RE(n) and read out. Next, the charge / discharge limit prediction unit 104 calculates the charge / discharge limit value S of the n-th consumer 20 at frame t+1 using equations (1-11a) and (1-11b). Dis(n,t+1) and S Cha(n,t+1) (All units are kW) In equations (1-11a) and (1-11b), the first demand forecast value L1 (n,t+1) is a value (unit: kWh) in which the input direction to the load 201 is positive and the output direction to the grid 211 is negative. RE(n)is a value (unit: kW) that considers the reverse power flow from the receiving point 212 to the grid 211 to be positive, with the upper limit being the reverse power flow upper limit value determined, for example, by the rated transmission capacity of the transmission line, and the lower limit being, for example, the contracted power of the consumer 20.

[0053]

number

[0054] Similarly, the charge / discharge planning device 10 configured in this manner can provide a charge / discharge planning device 10 that can predict a charge / discharge limit value, which is the upper limit of the power that can be charged / discharged by the consumer 20 in each frame, taking into consideration the capacity limit values ​​of the multiple consumers 20 and the charge / discharge plan value of the consumer group 30. Furthermore, the charge / discharge limit prediction unit 104 can predict the power limit value B RE(n) Using the charge / discharge limit value S Dis(n,t+1) and S Cha(n,t+1) Since the calculation is configured to calculate the charge / discharge limit value, it is possible to predict the charge / discharge limit value taking into consideration the constraints on the input / output power between the customer 20 and the grid 211.

[0055] In the second modification of the first embodiment, the power receiving point limit value B RE(n) In this case, the power receiving point limit value B of each frame stored in the first storage unit 111 is set to a common value for each frame. RE(n,t) may be input in advance by an input device via the device controller 304, or may be acquired from the customer terminal 200 via the communication device 303. This makes it possible to calculate the charge / discharge limit value taking into account future changes in the limit value, such as a planned update of the contracted power.

[0056] Modification 2 of the First Embodiment A second modification of the first embodiment will be described. In this modification, the configuration of the charge and discharge planning device 10 is the same as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2. The charge and discharge planning device 10 of this modification calculates the charge and discharge limit value S Dis(n) and S Cha(n)The method of determining the number of times is different from that of the first embodiment and the first modification of the first embodiment. In detail, in this modification, the charge / discharge limit prediction unit 104 predicts the charge / discharge limit value S Dis(n) and S Cha(n) Of the other components, the description of the same components as those in the first embodiment will be omitted.

[0057] In this modification, the first storage unit 111 further stores, for each consumer 20, limit values ​​of the output power of a power conversion device that converts the charging power and discharging power of the storage battery 202 into AC and DC power or vice versa. These values ​​may be input in advance by an input device via the device controller 304 and stored, or may be acquired in advance from the consumer terminal 200 via the communication device 303 and stored.

[0058] In this modification, the charge / discharge limit prediction unit 104 obtains the limit value B of the output power of the power conversion device for the n-th consumer 20 from the first storage unit 111. PCS(n) Read out. Next, the charge / discharge limit prediction unit 104 calculates the charge / discharge limit value S for the discharge of the n-th consumer 20 in the frame t+1 by the formula (1-11c). Dis(n,t) Furthermore, the charge / discharge limit prediction unit 104 calculates E Dis(n,t+1) E Cha(n,t+1) Instead, the charge / discharge limit value S for the charging of the n-th consumer 20 at frame t+1 Cha(n,t+1) Calculate the unit (kW).

[0059]

number

[0060] Similarly, the charge / discharge planning device 10 configured in this manner can provide a charge / discharge planning device 10 that can predict a charge / discharge limit value, which is the upper limit of the power that can be charged / discharged by the consumer 20 in each frame, taking into consideration the capacity limit values ​​of the multiple consumers 20 and the charge / discharge plan value of the consumer group 30. Furthermore, the charge / discharge limit prediction unit 104 can predict the limit value B of the output power of the power conversion device. PCS(n) Using the charge / discharge limit value S Dis(n,t+1) and S Cha(n,t+1) Since the calculation is configured to calculate the charge / discharge limit value, it is possible to predict the charge / discharge limit value taking into consideration the constraints on the output of the power conversion device.

[0061] In the second modification of the first embodiment, the limit value B of the output power of the power conversion device PCS(n) In this case, the limit value B of the output power of the power conversion device of each frame stored in the first storage unit 111 is set to a common value for each frame. PCS(n,t) may be input in advance by an input device via the device controller 304, or may be acquired from the customer terminal 200 via the communication device 303. This makes it possible to predict the charge / discharge limit value taking into account changes in conditions over time when operating with limited output, such as during break-in operation after updating the power conversion equipment.

[0062] Embodiment 2 The functional configuration of the charge and discharge planning device 10 according to the second embodiment will be described in detail with reference to Fig. 7. Fig. 7 is a block diagram showing the charge and discharge planning device 10 according to the second embodiment. In the second embodiment, the charge and discharge planning device 10 differs from the first embodiment in that it includes a consolidation unit 121 and a planning unit 122. In addition, among the components shown in Fig. 7, the same reference numerals as those in Fig. 2 indicate the same or corresponding parts. Here, the consolidation unit 121 and the planning unit 122 are realized by an arithmetic device 301 in a computer system that realizes the charge and discharge planning device 10 shown in Fig. 3.

[0063] In the second embodiment, the charge / discharge planning device 10 calculates the charge / discharge plan value C of each frame so as to maximize the total profit margin of the electricity trading including the imbalance charge as a loss in the planning period consisting of T frames. (t) Determine. Here, the charge / discharge planning device 10 calculates the charge / discharge plan value C (t) In determining the charge / discharge limit value S Dis(n,t) and S Cha(n,t) As a result, in the second embodiment, the charge / discharge planning device 10 uses the charge / discharge limit value S Dis(n,t) and S Cha(n,t) That is, the charge / discharge planning device 10 performs a series of processes by the distribution unit 102, the capacity prediction unit 103, and the charge / discharge limit prediction unit 104 T times.

[0064] In the second embodiment, the acquiring unit 101 acquires information on the predicted value of power consumption of the load 201, in addition to information on the SOC of the storage battery 202, from the consumer terminal 200, for example, at intervals of one minute, and stores the information in the first storage unit 111. The acquiring unit 101 associates the predicted value of power consumption with the time, the device ID, and the consumer ID, similar to the information on the SOC of the storage battery 202, and stores the information in the first storage unit 111. Here, the time interval at which the acquiring unit 101 acquires information is not limited to one minute intervals as in the first embodiment, and may be determined arbitrarily as long as the information can be acquired at least once per frame.

[0065] The aggregation unit 121 acquires the first demand forecast value L1 of each customer 20 in each frame from the first storage unit 111. (n,t) and the charge / discharge limit value S Dis(n,t) and S Cha(n,t) and read out. Next, the aggregation unit 121 calculates a second demand forecast value L2, which is a forecast value of the power consumption of the consumer group 30 in each frame, by using the formula (2-1). (t) (unit: kWh) is calculated and stored in the second storage unit 112. Next, the aggregation unit 121 calculates the charge / discharge limit value S for the discharge of the consumer group 30 in each frame by using the formula (2-2). Dis(t) Furthermore, the aggregation unit 121 calculates SDis(n,t) S Cha(n,t) Instead, the charge / discharge limit value S Cha(t) Furthermore, the consolidation unit 121 stores these calculated values ​​in the second storage unit 112. In the formulas (2-1) and (2-2), N is the number of consumers 20 belonging to the consumer group 30.

[0066]

number

[0067] In the second embodiment, the second storage unit 112 further stores the amount of power purchased, the contracted amount of power purchased, the amount of power sold, and the contracted amount of power sold for the frames t=1 and t=2. These values ​​may be values ​​input by an input device via the device controller 304, and may be stored as the charge / discharge plan value C (t) The system may plan the amount of electricity traded on JEPX based on the above, and may store values ​​obtained via the communication device 303 from other devices (not shown) that submit bids to JEPX.

[0068] The planner 122 calculates the charge / discharge power of the consumer group 30 in each block so as to maximize the total profit margin of the power trading in each block, including the imbalance charge as a loss, during the planning period, and sets the calculated charge / discharge power as a charge / discharge plan value C (t) (unit: kW). Hereafter, the charge / discharge power at frame t is determined as e (t) Expressed in kW.

[0069] In detail, the planning unit 122 receives the second demand forecast value L2 from the second storage unit 112. (t) and the charge / discharge limit value S of the consumer group 30. Dis(t) and S Cha(t) and the charge / discharge efficiency η of the consumer group 30. Furthermore, the planner 122 reads from the second storage unit 112 the amount of power purchased, the contracted amount of power purchased, the amount of power sold, and the contracted amount of power sold for the frames t=1 and 2. Next, the planning unit 122 calculates the charge / discharge plan value C so as to maximize the profit margin of the power trading shown in the formula (2-3) in the planning period consisting of T frames. (t) In more detail, the planner 122 determines the charge / discharge power e (t) Using an optimization method such as dynamic programming, we can calculate the charge / discharge power e that maximizes the profit margin shown in equation (2-3) using the variables. (t) Calculate the charge / discharge power e (t) The charge / discharge plan value C (t) Here, the optimization method used by the planner 122 is not limited to dynamic programming, and may be selected as appropriate depending on the calculation load and the performance of the hardware that implements the charge and discharge planning device 10, for example. In equation (2-3), the starting point for the summation of market trading revenue is set to t=3 because the frames of t=1 and t=2, i.e., the frame including the current time and the next frame, are not included in the electricity trading in JEPX. JEPX(t) is the trading price of electricity acquired from JEPX via the communication device 303, and is the price per amount of electricity (unit: kWh).

[0070]

number

[0071] The market transaction revenue on the right side of formula (2-3) is the revenue generated by buying and selling electricity at JEPX. The market transaction revenue can be calculated using formula (2-4) on the assumption that when each consumer 20 discharges, it purchases all of the remaining electricity, which is obtained by subtracting the power consumption of the load 201 from the discharged power of the storage battery 202, and when it charges, it sells the electricity to cover both the charging power of the storage battery 202 and the power consumption of the load 201. In equation (2-4), the charge / discharge power e (t) is the charge / discharge power, with discharging being positive and charging being negative, and the upper and lower limits are set as constraints using equation (2-5). In equation (2-5), S Cha(t) is the capacity limit value (unit: kW) for charging the consumer group 30, S Dis(t) is the capacity limit value (unit: kW) for the discharge of the consumer group 30.

[0072]

number

[0073] The imbalance charge on the right side of equation (2-3) can be calculated using equation (2-6). In equation (2-6), IMB (t) is the amount of imbalance calculated by equation (2-7), and when it is a positive value, it is called excess imbalance, and when it is a negative value, it is called shortage imbalance. Also, u1 is a discrete value of 0 or 1 that indicates the presence or absence of excess imbalance, and u2 is a discrete value of 0 or 1 that indicates the presence or absence of shortage imbalance, and both can be calculated by equation (2-8). Also, PRI IMB-1(t) is the unit price of the imbalance charge for the excess imbalance, PRI IMB-2(t) are the unit prices for the imbalance charge related to the shortage imbalance, and both are prices per unit of electricity (unit: kWh). Here, the imbalance charge unit price PRI IMB-1(t) and PRI IMB-2(t) For example, a linear approximation value may be used using actual values ​​of a plurality of past frames obtained from the imbalance charge disclosure server via the communication device 303, or a value input by an input device via the device controller 304. The wheeling loss rate may be stored in advance in the second storage unit 112 and the value may be read out from the second storage unit 112, or may be obtained each time from the general electricity transmission and distribution company via the communication device 303.

[0074]

number

[0075] Similarly, a charge / discharge planning device 10 configured in this manner can provide a charge / discharge planning device 10 that is capable of predicting the upper limit of the power that can be charged / discharged by consumers 20 in each block, taking into account the capacity limit values ​​of multiple consumers 20 and the charge / discharge planning values ​​of the consumer group 30. Furthermore, the aggregation unit 121 calculates a second demand forecast value L2, which is a forecast value of the power consumption of the consumer group 30. (t) and the charge / discharge limit value S of the consumer group 30. Dis(t) and S Cha(t) The planner 122 calculates the charge / discharge limit value S Dis(t) and S Cha(t) Using the constraints, the second demand forecast value L2 (t) The system is configured to determine the charge / discharge plan values ​​for each frame that maximizes the profit margin from electricity trading during the planning period, including imbalance charges as losses, while satisfying the above criteria, making it possible to create economical charge / discharge plans.

[0076] In the second embodiment, the planner 122 determines the charge / discharge plan value C (t) Although an example has been shown in which an optimization method such as dynamic programming is used as a process for determining the charge / discharge power e (t) The pattern of charge and discharge power e (t) For each pattern, calculate the difference between the charging and discharging power e (t) The charge / discharge plan value C (t) Furthermore, the planner 122 may determine the charge / discharge power e that maximizes the profit margin of the power trading, without being limited to the above numerical solution. (t) is analytically solved, and the solution is the charge / discharge planning value C (t) It may be determined as:

[0077] Modification of the second embodiment A modified example of the second embodiment will be described. In this modified example, the configuration of the charge and discharge planning device 10 is the same as that of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 7. The charge and discharge planning device 10 of this modified example differs from that of the second embodiment in the method of calculating the margin of profit in the power trading in the planning unit 122. Of the other components, a description of the components that are the same as those of the first embodiment will be omitted.

[0078] In this modification, the planner 122 calculates the charge / discharge power e that maximizes the profit margin of the power trading shown in equation (2-3a) to which the constraint violation penalty is added. (t) The charge / discharge plan value C (t) It is determined as follows. Here, the constraint violation penalty is a value that is further added as a penalty when the consumer group 30 exceeds a predetermined target value related to charging and discharging, such as an upper limit value of the charge / discharge cycle or a lower limit value of the SOC (hereinafter referred to as a constraint violation parameter). Also, the market transaction margin and imbalance fee are calculated using equations (2-4) and (2-6), respectively, as in the second embodiment.

[0079]

number

[0080] In this modification, the second storage unit 112 stores constraint violation parameters and constraint violation penalties corresponding to the constraint violation parameters. This information to be stored in the second storage unit 112 is input by an input device via the device controller 304. Here, the constraint violation penalty may be changed as appropriate according to the degree to which the constraint violation parameters are desired to be observed.

[0081] In this modification, the planner 122 reads out the constraint violation parameters and information on the constraint violation parameters of the consumer group 30 from the second storage unit 112. Specifically, the planner 122 reads out, for example, an upper limit value of the charge / discharge cycle as the constraint violation parameters from the second storage unit 112, and also reads out the charge / discharge plan value C (t) Read out. Next, the planning unit 122 compares the constraint violation parameter with information on the constraint violation parameter of the consumer group 30, and determines whether or not there is a constraint violation. Specifically, the planning unit 122 calculates the charge / discharge plan value C (t) The charge / discharge cycle when charging / discharging is performed according to the above is calculated, and it is determined whether or not the charge / discharge cycle exceeds an upper limit value of the charge / discharge cycle defined as a constraint violation parameter. Next, when the group of consumers 30 exceeds the constraint violation parameter, the planner 122 reads out the constraint violation penalty corresponding to the constraint violation parameter from the second storage unit 112 and reflects it in the formula (2-3a). In the above description, an example was given in which the upper limit value of the charge / discharge cycle was used as the constraint violation parameter, but the constraint violation parameter is not limited to the upper limit value of the charge / discharge cycle.

[0082] Similarly, a charge / discharge planning device 10 configured in this manner can provide a charge / discharge planning device 10 that is capable of predicting the upper limit of the power that can be charged / discharged by consumers 20 in each block, taking into account the capacity limit values ​​of multiple consumers 20 and the charge / discharge planning values ​​of the consumer group 30. Furthermore, the planning unit 122 is configured to determine charge / discharge plan values ​​that maximize the profit margin of the electricity trading with the constraint violation penalty added as an additional loss, so that it is possible to create a charge / discharge plan that is not only economical but also further reflects operational policies such as extending the life of the storage battery 202.

[0083] In the modified example of the second embodiment, an example in which there is one constraint violation parameter and one constraint violation penalty has been shown, but this is not limiting, and there may be multiple constraint violation parameters and / or multiple constraint violation penalties. For example, multiple constraint violation parameters may be set, and one constraint violation penalty may be imposed when the group of consumers 30 exceeds all of the constraint violation parameters, or multiple constraint violation penalties may be set in a one-to-one correspondence, and only the constraint violation penalty corresponding to the constraint violation parameter exceeded by the group of consumers 30 may be imposed.

[0084] Embodiment 3 The functional configuration of the charge and discharge planning device 10 according to the third embodiment will be described in detail with reference to Fig. 8. Fig. 8 is a block diagram showing the charge and discharge planning device 10 according to the third embodiment. In the third embodiment, the charge and discharge planning device 10 further includes a constraint determination unit 131 in addition to the configuration of the second embodiment. Among the components shown in Fig. 8, the same reference numerals as those in Fig. 7 indicate the same or corresponding parts. Here, the constraint determination unit 131 is realized by an arithmetic device 301 in a computer system that realizes the charge and discharge planning device 10 shown in Fig. 3.

[0085] The constraint determination unit 131 determines the capacity limit value E of each customer 20 in each frame from the first storage unit 111. Dis(n,t) and E Cha(n,t) and the charge / discharge limit value S Dis(n,t) and S Cha(n,t) and read out. Next, the constraint determination unit 131 calculates the capacity limit value E Dis(n,t) and E Cha(n,t) and the charge / discharge limit value S Dis(n,t) and S Cha(n,t) Using the above, a consumer group constraint is determined that indicates the range of power that the consumer group 30 can charge or discharge with respect to the chargeable amount or dischargeable amount of the consumer group 30.

[0086] Next, the process of determining a consumer group constraint performed by the constraint determination unit 131 will be described in detail using Figures 9 and 10, taking the case of discharging as an example. Figure 9 is a flowchart showing the process of determining a consumer group constraint, and Figure 10 is a diagram showing the processing results of each step in the process of determining a consumer group constraint related to discharging. Here, Figure 10 shows an example in which the number N of consumers 20 belonging to the consumer group 30 is 3, but this is just an example, and N is not limited to 3. Furthermore, in the following description using Figure 10 and Figure 10, the three consumers 20 will be distinguished and described as consumers 20-1, 20-2, and 20-3, respectively.

[0087] In step S21 of FIG. 9, the constraint determination unit 131 determines a capacity limit value E Dis(n,t) The charge / discharge limit value S Dis(n,t) The charge / discharge limit value S for the discharge in frame t is calculated by dividing the time allowed for charge / discharge in frame t by the Dis(n,t) The relationship between these is expressed as a figure on two-dimensional coordinates. In detail, as shown in (A) of FIG. 10, for each consumer 20, on a coordinate system with the horizontal axis being x and the vertical axis being y, the length in the x direction is the discharge continuation time in frame t, and the length in the y direction is the charge / discharge limit value S Dis(n,t) The capacity limit value E for discharge in the area of ​​the frame t Dis(n,t) Draw a shape that becomes.

[0088] In step S22 of FIG. 9, the constraint determination unit 131 determines the charge / discharge limit value S Dis(n,t) The graphs on the two-dimensional coordinate system showing the relationship between the voltage and the discharge duration are stacked in a staircase pattern and aggregated. In detail, as shown in (B) of FIG. 10, a capacity limit value E Dis(n,t) The figures with an area of ​​are stacked in descending order of the duration of continuous discharge. In the example of Fig. 10, consumer 20-2 has the longest duration of continuous discharge, followed by consumers 20-3 and 20-1, so consumers 20-2, 20-3, and 20-1 are stacked from the bottom up. The figures are stacked so that the right ends of the x-axis coincide. In Fig. 10(B), the right end of the x-axis is aligned with 2 to match the duration of continuous discharge of consumer 20-2, which has the longest duration of continuous charge and discharge.

[0089] In step S23 of FIG. 9, the constraint determination unit 131 converts the x-axis of the two-dimensional coordinate system created in step S22 from units of time to units of power energy. For example, point α1 in Figure 10(B) indicates that 5 kW of power is output for 0.5 hours. Therefore, point α1 can be converted to 2.5 kWh, as shown at point α2 in Figure 10(C), by multiplying the power (in kW) by the time. The same conversion is performed for the other points.

[0090] In step S24 of FIG. 9, the constraint determination unit 131 creates a constraint equation using a linear function that fits within the stacked, stepped figure in the two-dimensional coordinates obtained by converting the x-axis units in step S23. In detail, the constraint determination unit 131 formulates a linear function that passes through points α2 and β, which are the right ends of the corners of the staircase portion of the staircase-like figure created in steps S22 and S23 (hereinafter referred to as corners), as shown in equation (3-1a), and calculates the linear function as a function of the discharge power of the consumer group 30 and the capacity limit value E Dis(t) The constraint between In formula (3-1a), a Dis,t is the slope of the equation showing the consumer group constraint on discharge, b Dis,t is the intercept in the equation showing the consumer group constraint on discharge.

[0091]

number

[0092] 10 shows an example in which there are three consumers 20, but when there are four or more consumers 20, the stepped figure created by piling up the consumers 20 on one coordinate system in step S22 has three or more corners in the stepped portion, such as points α, β, and γ in (A) and (B) of FIG. 11. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the process of determining a consumer group constraint when there are four consumers 20. In this case, the constraint determination unit 131 determines whether y Dis(t) is greater than or equal to the y coordinate at all these corners. Dis(t) and intercept b Dis(t) In detail, the constraint determination unit 131 formulates a linear function passing through points β and γ as shown in FIG. 11A as in equation (3-1a), and also formulates a linear function passing through points α and γ as shown in FIG. 11B as in equation (3-1a). Furthermore, the constraint determination unit 131 formulates the linear function passing through points α and γ as shown in FIG. 11B as in equation (3-1a). Of these two linear functions, the constraint determination unit 131 determines the linear function with the slope a Dis,t The larger one (the linear function (B) in the example shown in FIG. 11) is set as the consumer group constraint on discharge.

[0093] The constraint determination unit 131 creates a consumer group constraint for charging as shown in formula (3-1b) in the same way as for discharging. Cha(t) is the slope of the equation showing the consumer group constraint on charging, b Cha(t)is the intercept in the equation showing the consumer group constraint on charging.

[0094]

number

[0095] Next, the constraint determination unit 131 stores the determined consumer group constraint in the second storage unit 112.

[0096] Returning to FIG. 8, the description of the configuration of the charge and discharge planning device 10 in the third embodiment will be continued. In the third embodiment, the aggregation unit 121 acquires from the first storage unit 111 the capacity limit value E Dis(n,t=1) and E Cha(n,t=1) and the upper limit E of the dischargeable amount of each consumer 20 Dis-max(n) Read out. Next, the aggregation unit 121 calculates the capacity limit value E for the discharge of the consumer group 30 in the frame of t=1 by using the formula (3-2). Dis(t=1) Furthermore, the aggregation unit 121 calculates E on the right side of the formula (3-2). Dis(n,t=1) E Cha(n,t=1) Instead, the capacity limit value E for charging the consumer group 30 in the frame of t=1 Cha(t=1) Furthermore, the aggregation unit 121 calculates E on the right side of the formula (3-2). Dis(n,t=1) E Dis-max(n) Instead, the upper limit E of the dischargeable amount of the consumer group 30 Dis-max Calculate.

[0097]

number

[0098] In the third embodiment, the planner 122 retrieves from the second storage unit 112 the consumer group constraints in each frame and the capacity limit value E Dis(t=1) and E Cha(t=1) and the upper limit E of the dischargeable amount of the consumer group 30. Dis-max and further read out. Next, the planner 122 calculates the charge / discharge power e(t) As a constraint, instead of equation (2-5), equation (3-3) is used to calculate the charge / discharge power e that maximizes the profit margin of the power trading shown in equation (2-3) during the planning period consisting of T frames. (t) The charge / discharge plan value C (t) The charge / discharge plan value C is determined as follows. (t) The method for determining x in equation (3-3) is the same as in embodiment 2. Dis(t) and x Cha(t) is calculated using equations (3-4a) and (3-4b). In the formulas (3-4a) and (3-4b), η is the charge / discharge efficiency of the consumer group 30, C (t-1) is the charge / discharge plan value (unit: kW) of the consumer group 30 in the t-1th frame (hereinafter referred to as frame t-1). (t-1) Actual values ​​may be used instead of planned values.

[0099]

number

[0100] Similarly, the charge / discharge planning device 10 configured in this manner can provide a charge / discharge planning device 10 that can predict the upper limit of the power that can be charged / discharged by the consumers 20 in each block, taking into account the capacity limit values ​​of multiple consumers 20 and the charge / discharge planning values ​​of the consumer group 30, and can also create economical charge / discharge plans. Furthermore, the constraint determination unit 131 determines the capacity limit value E Dis(n,t) and E Cha(n,t) and the charge / discharge limit value S Dis(n,t) and S Cha(n,t) The consumer group constraint shown in the formula (3-2) is created by the above, and the planning unit 122 calculates the charge / discharge plan value C (t) Therefore, the charge / discharge limit value S of the consumer group 30 in the formula (2-5) is determined. Dis(t) and S Cha(t)This reduces the number of processing steps in the distribution unit 102, the capacity prediction unit 103, the charge / discharge limit prediction unit 104, and the aggregation unit 121, and reduces the calculation load on the charge / discharge planning device 10.

[0101] In the first to third embodiments (including the modified examples), an example in which there is one consumer group 30 is shown using Fig. 1, but the present invention is not limited to this example, and there may be multiple consumer groups 30. Furthermore, when there are multiple consumer groups 30, a group that aggregates the multiple consumer groups 30 may be defined as a VPP (Virtual Power Plant). In this case, the second storage unit 112 stores, for example, the charge / discharge plan value C (t) The device 10 stores various values ​​relating to the consumer group 30, such as the above, in association with a consumer group ID, which is an identifier unique to each consumer group 30, and further stores information in which the consumer ID and the consumer group ID are associated and which indicates the consumer group 30 to which each consumer 20 belongs (hereinafter referred to as consumer group affiliation information). Furthermore, each component of the charge and discharge planning device 10 outputs various calculated values ​​in further association with the consumer group ID. Furthermore, the planner 122 may calculate the market trading profit using, for example, equation (2-4a) instead of equation (2-4). In equation (2-4a), e VPP(t) is the charge / discharge power of the VPP (unit: kW), e (g,t) is the charge / discharge power (unit: kW) of the gth consumer group 30, and G is the number of consumer groups 30 belonging to the VPP. In the example using equation (2-4a), there are G variables to be determined, and the charge / discharge power e (g,t) Since the number of patterns is enormous, for example, the charging and discharging power e (g,t) The charge / discharge power e of each consumer group 30 is calculated by setting a distribution rate for (g,t) The relationship between the above may be defined separately. The calculation method of the market trading profit is not limited to the above example.

[0102]

number

[0103] In the second embodiment, the modified example of the second embodiment, and the third embodiment, the maximum profit margin in the power trading is obtained when the planning unit 122 considers the plurality of charging and discharging power e (t) This represents the largest profit margin among the electricity trading margins corresponding to the candidates. For example, due to processing time constraints, the planning unit 122 may need to consider a huge number of charging and discharging power (t) It is conceivable to narrow down the candidates to be considered to a part of the candidates and evaluate the magnitude of the profit margin of the power trading. In this case, (t) Even if there is a profit margin of the power trading corresponding to the candidate of , which is larger than the profit margin of the power trading corresponding to the considered candidate, the candidate that has the largest profit margin of the power trading among the considered candidates is selected as the charge / discharge plan value C (t) This has the effect of increasing the profit margin in the energy trading within the limited processing time compared to when the above selection is not made.

[0104] Furthermore, although multiple embodiments have been described, in addition to the above disclosure, as long as the features described in each embodiment are not contradictory, it is possible to freely combine each embodiment, modify any component of each embodiment, or omit each embodiment. For example, as a combination of the first and second modifications of the first embodiment, the charge / discharge limit prediction unit 104 in the charge / discharge planning device 10 calculates the charge / discharge limit value S of the n-th consumer 20 by the formula (1-11d) in the case of discharge and by the formula (1-11e) in the case of charge. Dis(n,t+1) and S Cha(n,t+1) This makes it possible to predict the charge / discharge limit value by taking into consideration the limitations of the grid 211 and the limitations of the power conversion device in a composite manner. Similarly, the second embodiment may be further combined with the first modification of the first embodiment, the second modification of the first embodiment, or a combination of the first modification of the first embodiment and the second modification of the first embodiment. This allows charging and discharging to be planned using charge and discharge limit values ​​predicted by comprehensively considering the limitations of the grid 211 and the limitations of the power conversion device.

[0105]

number

[0106] 10 Charge and discharge planning device, 101 Acquisition unit, 102 Distribution unit, 103 Capacity prediction unit, 104 Charge and discharge limit prediction unit, 105 Command unit, 111 First memory unit, 112 Second memory unit, 121 Aggregation unit, 122 Planning unit, 131 Constraint determination unit, 200 Consumer terminal, 201 Load, 202 Storage battery, 211 System, 212 Power receiving point

Claims

1. a distribution unit that distributes planned values ​​of charge / discharge power of a consumer group consisting of multiple consumers having storage batteries as planned distribution values ​​to the consumers in a time period belonging to a period consisting of multiple time periods so that the planned distribution values ​​do not exceed a charge / discharge limit value that is a limit on the charge / discharge power of the consumers belonging to the consumer group; a capacity prediction unit that calculates a capacity limit value for a time period following the time period using a charge / discharge power amount obtained by time-integrating the planned distribution value distributed by the distribution unit over the time period and a capacity limit value that indicates an amount of power that can be charged / discharged by the consumer in the time period; a charge / discharge limit prediction unit that determines the charge / discharge limit value based on the capacity limit value calculated by the capacity prediction unit as the charge / discharge limit value for the next time period; a command unit that outputs the planned distribution value as a command value to the consumer; A charge and discharge planning device comprising:

2. an aggregation unit that calculates a second demand forecast value by summing, within the group of consumers, first demand forecast values ​​that are forecast values ​​of power consumption of each consumer belonging to the group of consumers in each time zone belonging to the period; a planning unit that determines, as the planned value, the charging and discharging power of the group of consumers in each time zone belonging to the period so as to maximize a profit margin of the total power trading for the period, including an imbalance charge as a loss, while satisfying the second demand forecast value; The charge / discharge planning device according to claim 1 , comprising:

3. a constraint determination unit that determines a consumer group constraint indicating a range of power that can be charged or discharged by the consumer group relative to the chargeable or dischargeable amount of the consumer group, using the capacity limit value and the charge / discharge limit value of each consumer belonging to the consumer group during each time period; Equipped with The charge / discharge planning device of claim 2, wherein the planning unit uses the consumer group constraint determined by the constraint determination unit as a constraint condition to determine the charging / discharging power of the consumer group for each time period belonging to the period as the planned value so as to maximize the profit margin while satisfying the second demand forecast value.

4. 2. The charge / discharge planning device according to claim 1, wherein the charge / discharge limit prediction unit limits the charge / discharge limit value so that input / output power between the consumer and the grid at the power receiving point does not exceed a power receiving point limit value that is a limit on power at the power receiving point.

5. 2. The charge / discharge planning device according to claim 1, wherein the charge / discharge limit prediction unit limits the charge / discharge limit value so that the charge / discharge limit value does not exceed a limit value of an output power of a power conversion device that converts the charge / discharge power of the storage battery into AC or DC.

6. The charge / discharge planning device of claim 1, wherein the distribution unit determines a distribution rate for the consumers to which the planned distribution value is to be distributed by dividing the capacity limit value for the consumers to which the planned distribution value is to be distributed among the consumers belonging to the consumer group by the total value of the capacity limit values ​​for the consumers to which the planned distribution value is to be distributed among the consumers in the consumer group, and distributes the planned value to the consumers to which the planned distribution value is to be distributed based on the distribution rate.

7. a step of allocating planned values ​​of charge / discharge power of a group of consumers consisting of a plurality of consumers having storage batteries as planned allocation values ​​to the consumers in a time period belonging to a period consisting of a plurality of time periods so as not to exceed a charge / discharge limit value which is a limit on charge / discharge power of the consumers belonging to the group of consumers; calculating a capacity limit value for a time period following the time period using a charge / discharge power amount obtained by time-integrating the planned distribution value for the time period and a capacity limit value indicating an amount of power that can be charged / discharged by the consumer in the time period; determining a value obtained by dividing the capacity limit value by a time width of the next time period as the charge / discharge limit value for the next time period; outputting the planned distribution value as a command value to the consumer in a time zone including a current time within the period; A charge and discharge planning method comprising:

8. a step of allocating planned values ​​of charge / discharge power of a group of consumers consisting of a plurality of consumers having storage batteries as planned allocation values ​​to the consumers in a time period belonging to a period consisting of a plurality of time periods so as not to exceed a charge / discharge limit value which is a limit on charge / discharge power of the consumers belonging to the group of consumers; calculating a capacity limit value for a time period following the time period using a charge / discharge power amount obtained by time-integrating the planned distribution value for the time period and a capacity limit value indicating an amount of power that can be charged / discharged by the consumer in the time period; determining a value obtained by dividing the capacity limit value by a time width of the next time period as the charge / discharge limit value for the next time period; outputting the planned distribution value as a command value to the consumer in a time zone including a current time within the period; A charge and discharge planning program that causes a computer to execute the above.

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