Solid and water-swellable discrete particles for use in aqueous personal cleaning compositions

Abstract

To provide solid and water-swellable discrete particles for use in aqueous personal cleaning compositions.SOLUTION: Provided is a plurality of solid and water-swellable discrete particles for use in an aqueous personal cleansing composition, comprising: (a) a high melting point fatty compound selected from fatty alcohols and fatty acids and having a melting point of 25°C or higher; (b) a surfactant; and (c) less than 30% water. The discrete particles have a scale size of 400 micrometers to 15,000 micrometers.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] A clear cleaning composition containing discrete benefit particles. [Background technology]

[0002] Some consumers prefer clear cleansing compositions.Traditionally, clear cleansing compositions such as shampoos cleanse very effectively, but often lack adequate conditioning effects, because conditioning active substances are what traditionally give cleansing products an opaque appearance.Therefore, it would be beneficial to introduce clear cleansing compositions such as shampoos into the market, which provide hair conditioning effects that are currently only provided by conventional opaque cleansing products.

[0003] Current cleaning compositions, such as shampoos that use large particle silicones or shampoos that contain insoluble levels of fatty amphiphiles (greater than about 0.5%) added as a conventional dispersed phase gel network, are invariably opaque due to the dispersed gel network phase or the scale size of the silicone particles in the composition, which can be as large as 150 micrometers in size. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] Thus, there is a need to provide clear cleaning compositions that provide conditioning benefits currently only provided by conventional opaque shampoos. There is also a need for clear cleaning compositions that include benefit agents that are opaque or incompatible with other materials typically included in cleaning compositions. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] 1. A cleaning composition comprising: a detersive surfactant; an aqueous carrier; and from about 0.5% to about 30% by weight of the cleaning composition of discrete particles comprising anhydrous particles and an aqueous phase, wherein the anhydrous particles comprise one or more fatty amphiphiles selected from the group consisting of fatty alcohols, fatty acid esters, fatty acids, fatty acid amides, and mixtures thereof, one or more secondary surfactants selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, or mixtures thereof, the discrete particles having a size of from about 200 micrometers to about 15,000 micrometers, and the cleaning composition has a % transmittance of about 75% or greater. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0006] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 illustrates particle hydration. [Figure 2] 1 is a graph showing the results of a compression test. [Figure 3] 1 is a graph of particle compaction and size over time. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0007] While the specification concludes with claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the invention, it is believed the present invention will be better understood from the following description.

[0008] As used herein, "comprising" means that other steps and other ingredients that do not affect the final result may also be added. This term encompasses the terms "consisting of" and "consisting essentially of."

[0009] All percentages, parts and ratios are based on the total weight of the compositions of the present invention unless otherwise specified. All such weights, insofar as they pertain to the listed ingredients, are based on the active level and, therefore, do not include solvents or by-products that may be included in commercially available materials, unless otherwise specified. The term "weight percentage" may also be expressed herein as "wt %."

[0010] As used herein, "molecular weight" refers to weight average molecular weight expressed as grams per mole, unless otherwise specified. Molecular weight is measured using gel permeation chromatography ("GPC"), an industry standard method.

[0011] As used herein, the term "polymer" is intended to include any material composition for providing conditioning, whether produced by polymerization of a single monomer or a single polymer. As used herein, the term "gel network" refers to a lamellar or vesicular solid crystalline phase comprising at least one fatty amphiphile, at least one secondary surfactant, and water or other suitable solvent, wherein the fatty alcohol and surfactant within this phase are arranged in multilamellar vesicles and / or lamellar sheets. As used herein, the term "solid crystal" refers to a lamellar or vesicular phase structure formed at a temperature below the melting transition temperature (i.e., chain melting temperature) of the layers in the gel network, the melting transition temperature being at least about 27°C. The melting transition temperature can be measured by differential scanning calorimetry.

[0012] As used herein, the term "charge density" refers to the ratio of the number of positive charges on a polymer to the molecular weight of the polymer.

[0013] The compositions and methods / processes of the present invention can comprise, consist of, and consist essentially of the essential elements and limitations of the present invention described herein, as well as any additional or optional ingredients, components, steps, or limitations described herein.

[0014] As used herein, the term cleansing composition or shampoo means a composition used to cleanse hair or skin, including the scalp, face, and body.

[0015] As used herein, the term "suitable for application to human hair" means that the composition so described or its components are suitable for use in contact with human hair and scalp and skin without undue toxicity, incompatibility, instability, allergic reaction, and the like.

[0016] As used herein, the term "water-soluble" means that a material is soluble in water in a composition. Generally, the material should be soluble at 25°C at a concentration of 0.1%, alternatively 1%, alternatively 5%, or alternatively 15% by weight of the water solvent.

[0017] The term "discrete particles" refers to anhydrous particles that are swollen in the presence of an aqueous phase (for example, when the anhydrous particles are added to a detersive surfactant and aqueous phase to form a shampoo product).

[0018] As used herein, the term "anhydrous particles" refers to particles prepared by co-melting and mixing one or more surfactants and one or more fatty amphiphiles, followed by cooling and solidification. The concentration of water in the anhydrous particles generally ranges from about 0% to about 30%, alternatively from about 0% to about 20%, alternatively from about 0% to about 15% by weight of the anhydrous particles. The size of the anhydrous particles in the cleaning composition ranges from about 200 μm to about 10,000 μm. The scale size of the discrete particles in the cleaning composition ranges from about 200 μm to about 15,000 μm, alternatively from about 500 μm to about 7000 μm. The scale size of the discrete particles in the cleaning composition may range from about 1000 μm to about 5000 μm, as measured visually via a ruler, optical microscope, or other conventional techniques.

[0019] As used herein, the term "solid" means that the anhydrous particles at ambient temperature do not conform to the shape of the container in which they are held.

[0020] As used herein, the term "swollen" refers to a state of discrete particles in a cleaning composition in which the particles have absorbed a sufficient amount of aqueous solvent such that they 1) have a compression of about 0.5 gram-force units to about 50 gram-force units as measured using a Kawabata KS-FB3-Auto Compression Tester (the particles have a "semi-hydrated gel phase"), or 2) have reached maximum equilibrium as a "hydrated gel phase" (this phase, having a compression force of less than 0.5 gram-force units, is too soft to measure its compression using a Kawabata KES-FB3-Auto Compression Tester).

[0021] As used herein, the term "non-hydrated solid phase" refers to the portion of discrete particles in a cleaning composition that has absorbed only a minimal amount of water and that has a compressive force of greater than about 50 gram-force units as measured using a Kawabata KES-FB3-Auto Compression Tester.

[0022] As used herein, a "transparent" composition means that a substantial amount of visible light can be transmitted through an object, e.g., the composition. Suitable light transmittance can be determined using a UV / Vis spectrometer. As used herein, suitable light transmittance can mean that at least about 60% of light having a wavelength of 400 nm can be transmitted through a standard sample; alternatively, at least about 70% of light having a wavelength of 400 nm can be transmitted through a standard sample; alternatively, at least about 75% of light having a wavelength of 400 nm can be transmitted through a standard sample; alternatively, at least about 80% of light having a wavelength of 400 nm can be transmitted through a standard sample; or alternatively, at least about 75% to about 99% of light having a wavelength of 400 nm can be transmitted through a standard sample. Suitable light transmittances may also include at least about 60%, about 70%, about 75%, about 80% to about 99%, about 95%, or about 90% of light having a wavelength of 400 nm can be transmitted through a standard sample.

[0023] Cleaning Composition The cleansing composition includes a detersive surfactant, an aqueous carrier, and discrete particles. The discrete particles are anhydrous particles that are swollen in the presence of an aqueous phase (e.g., when the anhydrous particles are added to the detersive surfactant and aqueous phase to form a shampoo product). The anhydrous particles include a fatty amphiphile, at least one secondary surfactant, and a low level of aqueous phase. The low level of aqueous phase used during the formation of the anhydrous particles ranges from about 0% by weight of the anhydrous particles to about 30% by weight of the anhydrous particles. The shampoo composition may be substantially transparent, having a transmittance of 75% or greater, alternatively from about 75% to about 99%.

[0024] discrete particles The cleaning composition comprises discrete particles containing anhydrous particles and an aqueous phase. The anhydrous particles are prepared by simultaneously melting one or more fatty amphiphiles and one or more secondary surfactants, followed by cooling and solidifying. Various methods can be used to control the particle size of such anhydrous particles. The anhydrous particles are then added to an aqueous phase containing a detergent surfactant. As a result, the particles expand and are transformed into discrete particles. The discrete particles can be a gel network.

[0025] The size of the discrete particles in the cleaning composition ranges from about 200 μm to about 15,000 μm. Alternatively, the scale size of the discrete particles in the cleaning composition ranges from about 500 μm to about 7000 μm. Alternatively, the scale size of the discrete particles in the cleaning composition ranges from about 1000 μm to about 5000 μm, as measured visually via a ruler, optical microscope, or the like, by conventional techniques.

[0026] 1. Fatty amphiphiles The anhydrous particles comprise at least one fatty amphiphile. As used herein, "fatty amphiphile" refers to a compound having a hydrophobic tail group and a hydrophilic head group that does not render the compound water soluble, and that also has a net neutral charge at the pH of the cleaning composition.

[0027] Fatty amphiphiles can be characterized as compounds having a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance ("HLB") of less than or equal to 6. As used herein, HLB is the standard HLB according to Griffin, J. Soc. Cosm. Chem., vol. 5, 249 (1954).

[0028] A suitable fatty amphiphile, or a suitable mixture of two or more fatty amphiphiles, has a melting point of at least about 27° C. As used herein, melting point is defined as the melting point of the fatty amphiphile as defined in the US Pharmacopeia, USP-NF General Chapter <741> The melting point of a mixture of two or more materials can be measured by the standard melting point method described in "Melting range or temperature." The melting point of a mixture of two or more materials is measured by mixing the two or more materials at a temperature equal to or greater than their individual melting points and then cooling the mixture. A mixture has a suitable melting point if the resulting composite is a homogeneous solid below about 27°C. Mixtures of two or more fat amphiphiles, including at least one fat amphiphile with an individual melting point below about 27°C, are also suitable for use, provided the composite melting point of the mixture is at least about 27°C.

[0029] Suitable lipid amphiphiles have a hydrophobic tail group that can be an alkyl, alkenyl (containing up to three double bonds), alkylaromatic, or branched alkyl group having a length of about 12 to about 70 carbon atoms, and about 16 to about 60 carbon atoms, and about 16 to about 50 carbon atoms, and about 16 to about 40 carbon atoms, and about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms, and about 18 to 22 carbon atoms. Non-limiting examples of alkyl, alkenyl, or branched alkyl groups suitable for fatty amphiphiles include lauryl, tridecyl, myristyl, pentadecyl, cetyl, heptadecyl, stearyl, arachidyl, behenyl, undecylenyl, palmitoleyl, oleyl, palmoleyl, linoleyl, linolenyl, arachidonyl, elaidyl, eleostearyl, erucyl, isolauryl, isotridecyl, isomyristal, isopentadecyl, petroselinyl, isocetyl, isoheptadecyl, isostearyl, isoarachidyl, isobehenyl, gadoleyl, brassidyl, and technical grade mixtures thereof.

[0030] Suitable fatty amphiphiles also have a hydrophilic head group that does not render the compound water-soluble, such as compounds with an HLB of 6 or less. Non-limiting examples of classes of compounds with such hydrophilic head groups include fatty alcohols, alkoxylated fatty alcohols, fatty phenols, alkoxylated fatty phenols, fatty acid amides, alkyloxylated fatty acid amides, fatty amines, fatty alkylamidoalkylamines, fatty alkoxylated amines, fatty carbamates, fatty amine oxides, fatty acids, alkoxylated fatty acids, fatty diesters, fatty sorbitan esters, fatty sugar esters, methyl glucoside esters, fatty glycol esters, mono-, di-, and tri-glycerides, polyglycerin fatty acid esters, alkyl glyceryl ethers, propylene glycol fatty acid esters, cholesterol, ceramides, fatty silicone waxes, fatty glucose amides, fatty phosphate esters, and phospholipids. For further description of suitable fatty amphiphiles for use, see U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2006 / 0024256(A1).

[0031] An individual fatty amphiphile compound or a combination of two or more different fatty amphiphile compounds may be selected to form the anhydrous particles.

[0032] The discrete particles are added to a shampoo base to obtain a shampoo composition, which may comprise fatty amphiphile in an amount from about 0.05% to about 20%, alternatively from about 0.5% to about 10%, alternatively from about 1% to about 8%, by weight of the shampoo composition.

[0033] The discrete particles, when hydrated, can form a gel network in the shampoo composition, wherein the weight ratio of fatty amphiphile to secondary surfactant in the gel network component is greater than about 1:9, alternatively from about 1:5 to about 100:1, alternatively from about 1:2 to about 50:1, alternatively from about 1:1 to about 10:1.

[0034] 2. Secondary surfactants used to prepare anhydrous particles The anhydrous granules may also contain one or more secondary surfactants. The secondary surfactants that are combined with the fatty amphiphile to form the anhydrous granules are simultaneously melted, mixed, and then cooled to produce the anhydrous granules. The secondary surfactants used to prepare the anhydrous granules are separated from the detergent surfactant component of the cleaning composition and added to the component. However, the secondary surfactants may be the same or different surfactant(s) as those selected for the detergent surfactant component.

[0035] The cleaning composition comprises a secondary surfactant, as part of the anhydrous particles, in an amount of from about 0.01% to about 50%, alternatively from about 0.1% to about 10%, alternatively from about 0.3% to about 5%, by weight of the cleaning composition.

[0036] Suitable secondary surfactants include anionic surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, cationic surfactants, and nonionic surfactants. Alternatively, the secondary surfactant is selected from anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, and nonionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof. For further description of suitable surfactants for use, see U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2006 / 0024256(A1).

[0037] Additionally, certain secondary surfactants may be selected that have a hydrophobic tail group with a chain length of from about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms to contribute to obtaining a melting transition temperature for the resulting anhydrous particles of at least about 38° C. In such secondary surfactants, the hydrophobic tail group may be alkyl, alkenyl (containing up to three double bonds), alkyl aromatic, or branched alkyl.

[0038] Mixtures of more than one surfactant of the above-specified types may be used for the secondary surfactant.

[0039] The discrete particles may also include a secondary surfactant. As used herein, "secondary surfactant" refers to one or more surfactants combined with the fatty amphiphile and water. The secondary surfactant is separated from and added to the detersive surfactant component of the cleaning composition. However, the secondary surfactant may be the same or a different type of surfactant(s) as those selected for the detersive surfactant component.

[0040] 3. Water or a suitable solvent The anhydrous particles may further comprise from about 0% to about 30%, alternatively from about 1% to about 20%, alternatively from about 0% to about 5%, alternatively from about 1% to about 10% by weight of the anhydrous particles of water or a suitable solvent. As used herein, the term "suitable solvent" refers to any solvent that can be used in place of or in combination with water.

[0041] Cleaning composition base The discrete particles are then added to a cleaning composition base (such as a shampoo base), which may include additional ingredients such as a cationic deposition polymer, a surfactant, a co-surfactant, an aqueous carrier, and a silicone.

[0042] When added to a cleaning composition base (including an aqueous phase), the anhydrous particles become discrete particles. The discrete particles then swell in the aqueous phase. The aqueous phase comprises water and / or a suitable solvent. As used herein, the term "suitable solvent" refers to any solvent that can be used in place of or in combination with water.

[0043] Cationic Deposition Polymer The cleaning composition may include a cationic deposition polymer, the concentration of which may be from about 0.05% to about 5%, alternatively from about 0.075% to about 2.5%, alternatively from about 0.1% to about 1.0%, alternatively from about 0.5% to about 1.0% by weight of the cleaning composition.

[0044] Suitable cationic deposition polymers may have a cationic charge density of at least about 0.4 meq / g, alternatively at least about 0.7 meq / g, alternatively at least about 1.2 meq / g, alternatively at least about 1.5 meq / g, alternatively less than about 7 meq / g, alternatively less than about 5 meq / g, at the pH of the intended use of the composition. The pH will generally range from about pH 3 to about pH 9, alternatively from about pH 4 to about pH 8. The "cationic charge density" of a polymer, as that term is used herein, refers to the ratio of the number of positive charges on the polymer to the molecular weight of the polymer. Such suitable cationic polymers generally have an average molecular weight of about 10,000 to 10,000,000, alternatively from about 50,000 to about 5,000,000, alternatively from about 100,000 to about 3,000,000.

[0045] Suitable cationic polymers for use in the present composition include polysaccharide polymers, such as cationic cellulose derivatives and cationic starch derivatives, such as salts of hydroxyethylcellulose reacted with trimethylammonium-substituted epoxides.Other suitable cationic polymers include cationic guar gum derivatives, such as guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride.Further suitable cationic polymers include galactomannan polymer derivatives having a mannose to galactose ratio of greater than 2:1 on a monomer-to-monomer basis, such as cassia gum hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride.A particularly suitable cationic adhesion polymer includes guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride.

[0046] Cationic guar polymers can be formed from quaternary ammonium compounds. Quaternary ammonium compounds for forming cationic guar polymers conform to general formula 1:

[0047] [ka]

[0048] In the formula, R3, R4, and R5 are methyl or ethyl groups, and R6 is an epoxyalkyl group of general formula 2 or

[0049] [ka]

[0050] or R6 is a halohydrin group of general formula 3.

[0051] [ka]

[0052] In the formula, R7 is C1-C3 alkylene, X is chlorine or bromine, and Z is an anion such as Cl-, Br-, I-, or HSO4-.

[0053] The cationic guar polymer can conform to the following general formula 4:

[0054] [ka]

[0055] wherein R8 is guar gum, R4, R5, R6, and R7 are as defined above, and Z is a halogen. The cationic guar polymer can conform to the following formula 5:

[0056] [ka]

[0057] Suitable cationic guar polymers include cationic guar gum derivatives such as guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride. The cationic guar polymer is guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride. Specific examples of guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride include Jaguar®, available from Rhone-Poulenc Incorporated, such as Jaguar® C-17, which has a cationic charge density of about 0.6 meq / g and about 2,200,000 g / mol, and is available from Rhodia. Jaguar® C 13S has a M.Wt. of 2,200,000 g / mol and a cationic charge density of about 0.8 meq / g (available from Rhodia Company). N-Hance 3196, available from ASI, has a charge density of about 0.7 and a molecular weight of about 1,100,000 g / mol. BF-13, a borate-free guar having a charge density of about 1.1 meq / g and a molecular weight of about 800,000, and BF-17, a borate-free guar having a charge density of about 1.7 meq / g and a molecular weight of about 800,000, are both available from ASI.

[0058] Combinations of cationic polymers can improve the conditioning and foaming properties of cleaning compositions. Cationic polymers having a charge density of about 0.4 meq / g to about 0.8 meq / g, or about 0.7 meq / g, can be used in combination with cationic polymers having a molecular weight greater than about 1,000,000 to provide cleaning compositions with both foam stability and creaminess.

[0059] The cleaning composition may include a combination of cationic guar and cationic polysaccharide deposition polymer, where the weight ratio of guar to polysaccharide deposition polymer is greater than 2:1, or the weight ratio of guar to polysaccharide deposition polymer is greater than 3:1, or the weight ratio of guar to polysaccharide deposition polymer is greater than 4:1.

[0060] The cleaning composition may include a combination of only cationic guar polymers, where one cationic guar has a charge density of about 1.7 meq / g and another cationic guar has a molecular weight of about 1,100,000 g / mol.

[0061] The cleaning composition may comprise a mixture of 3196 guar and BF-17 cationic guar, where the weight ratio of these two cationic deposition polymers is about 5:1, alternatively about 2:1, alternatively about 1:1, or even alternatively about 1:2, or alternatively about 2:5, 3196 to BF-17, respectively.

[0062] The cleaning composition may include polyquaternium-6, a homopolymer of diallyldimethylammonium chloride.

[0063] Polyquaternium-6 may be included in the composition at a weight level of from about 0.01% to about 5%, alternatively from about 0.03% to about 1%, alternatively from about 0.05% to about 0.5%, alternatively from about 0.05% to about 0.3%, by weight of the cleaning composition.

[0064] Polyquaternium-6 useful herein has a cationic charge density of from about 3.5 meq / g, alternatively about 4.5 meq / g, alternatively about 5.5 meq / g, to about 13 meq / g, alternatively about 10 meq / g, alternatively about 7.0 meq / g.

[0065] The polyquaternium-6 useful herein has a molecular weight of about 800 g / mol or greater, alternatively about 1,000 g / mol or greater, alternatively about 1,200 g / mol or greater, with a view to improving deposition of metal pyrithiones, and also has a molecular weight of about 1,000,000 g / mol, alternatively about 500,000 g / mol, alternatively about 100,000 g / mol to about 50,000 g / mol.

[0066] Commercially available examples of polyquaternium-6 polymers include those having the trade designation Merquat 100, available from Lubrizol, which has a cationic charge density of about 6.19 meq / g and a molecular weight of about 150,000 g / mole, and those having the trade designation Merquat 106, available from Lubrizol, which has a cationic charge density of about 6.19 meq / g and a molecular weight of about 15,000 g / mole.

[0067] Detergent surfactants The cleaning composition comprises one or more detersive surfactants in a cleaning base. The detersive surfactant component is included in the cleaning composition to provide cleaning performance. The detersive surfactant may be selected from anionic detersive surfactants, zwitterionic or amphoteric detersive surfactants, or a combination thereof. Such surfactants should be physically and chemically compatible with the essential ingredients described herein or should not otherwise unduly impair product stability, aesthetics, or performance. Sodium laureth-n-sulfate, where n=1, is particularly suitable herein ("SLE1S"). SLE1S, when compared with higher molar ethoxylate equivalents, allows for more efficient lathering and cleaning, especially in cleaning compositions containing high levels of conditioning actives.

[0068] Suitable anionic detersive surfactants include those known for use in hair care or other personal care cleansing compositions. The anionic detersive surfactant may be a combination of sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium laureth-n sulfate. The concentration of the anionic surfactant in the composition should be sufficient to provide the desired cleaning and lathering performance, and generally ranges from about 5% to about 50%, alternatively from about 8% to about 30%, alternatively from about 9% to about 25%, alternatively from about 10% to about 17% by weight of the composition.

[0069] Suitable zwitterionic or amphoteric detersive surfactants include those known for use in hair care or other personal cleansing compositions. The concentration of such amphoteric detersive surfactants ranges from about 0.5% to about 20%, or alternatively, from about 1% to about 10%. Non-limiting examples of suitable zwitterionic or amphoteric surfactants are described in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,104,646 and 5,106,609.

[0070] Additional anionic surfactants suitable for use herein include those of the formula ROSO3M and RO(C2H4O) x Included are alkyl and alkyl ether sulfates of the formula SO3M, where R is an alkyl or alkenyl of about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, x is 1 to 10, and M is a water-soluble cation such as ammonium, sodium, potassium, and triethanolamine cation, or a salt of a divalent magnesium ion with two anionic surfactant anions. The alkyl ether sulfates may be made as the condensation product of ethylene oxide and a monohydric alcohol having about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms. The alcohol may be derived from fats, such as, for example, coconut oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, or tallow, or may be synthetic.

[0071] Other suitable anionic surfactants include those having the general formula [R 1 -SO3M] is a water-soluble salt of organic sulfuric acid. 1is a straight-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 13 to 17 carbon atoms, or alternatively 13 to 15 carbon atoms. M is a water-soluble cation such as ammonium, sodium, potassium, and triethanolamine cation, or a salt of divalent magnesium ion with two anionic surfactant anions. These materials are prepared by reacting SO2 and O2 with normal paraffins (C) of the appropriate chain length. 14 ~C 17 ) and is commercially available as sodium paraffin sulfonate.

[0072] Examples of additional anionic surfactants that are suitable for use include ammonium lauryl sulfate, ammonium laureth sulfate, triethylamine lauryl sulfate, triethylamine laureth sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, triethanolamine laureth sulfate, monoethanolamine lauryl sulfate, monoethanolamine laureth sulfate, diethanolamine lauryl sulfate, diethanolamine laureth sulfate, lauric acid monoglyceride sodium sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium laureth sulfate, potassium laureth sulfate, sodium lauryl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, lauryl sarcosine, cocoyl sulphate, These include, but are not limited to, cocin, ammonium cocoyl sulfate, ammonium lauroyl sulfate, sodium cocoyl sulfate, sodium lauroyl sulfate, potassium cocoyl sulfate, potassium lauryl sulfate, monoethanolamine cocoyl sulfate, sodium trideceth sulfate, sodium tridecyl sulfate, sodium methyl lauroyl taurate, sodium methyl cocoyl taurate, sodium lauroyl isethionate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium laureth sulfosuccinate, sodium lauryl sulfosuccinate, sodium tridecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and mixtures thereof.

[0073] The cleaning composition may further comprise additional surfactants for use in combination with the anionic detersive surfactant component described herein. Suitable additional surfactants include cationic surfactants and nonionic surfactants.

[0074] Non-limiting examples of other anionic, zwitterionic, amphoteric, cationic, nonionic or optional additional surfactants suitable for use in the present compositions are described in McCutcheon's, Emulsifiers and Detergents, 1989 Annual, published by MC Publishing Co., and U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,929,678, 2,658,072, 2,438,091, and 2,528,378.

[0075] The one or more additional anionic surfactants may be selected from the group consisting of isethionates, sarcosinates, sulfonates, sulfosuccinates, sulfoacetates, acylglycinates, acylalaninates, acylglutamates, lactates, lactylates, glucosecarboxylates, amphoacetates, taurates, phosphate esters, and mixtures thereof, where alkyl is defined as a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched alkyl chain having 7 to 17 carbon atoms, alternatively 9 to 13 carbon atoms, and acyl is defined as having the formula RC(O)-, where R is a saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched alkyl chain having 7 to 17 carbon atoms, alternatively 9 to 13 carbon atoms.

[0076] Suitable isethionate surfactants can include the reaction product of fatty acids esterified with isethionic acid and neutralized with sodium hydroxide.Suitable fatty acids for isethionate surfactants can be derived from coconut oil or palm kernel oil, such as amides of methyl tauride.Non-limiting examples of isethionates can be selected from the group consisting of sodium lauroyl methyl isethionate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, ammonium cocoyl isethionate, hydrogenated sodium cocoyl methyl isethionate, sodium lauroyl isethionate, sodium cocoyl methyl isethionate, sodium myristoyl isethionate, sodium oleoyl isethionate, sodium oleyl methyl isethionate, sodium palm kernel oil isethionate, sodium stearoyl methyl isethionate, and mixtures thereof.

[0077] Non-limiting examples of sarcosinates may be selected from the group consisting of sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium cocoyl sarcosinate, sodium myristoyl sarcosinate, TEA cocoyl sarcosinate, ammonium cocoyl sarcosinate, ammonium lauroyl sarcosinate, bis(lauroyl glutamic acid / lauroyl sarcosine) dimer dilinoleyl, disodium lauroamphoacetate, lauroyl sarcosinate, isopropyl lauroyl sarcosinate, potassium cocoyl sarcosinate, potassium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium cocoyl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium myristoyl sarcosinate, sodium oleoyl sarcosinate, sodium palmitoyl sarcosinate, TEA cocoyl sarcosinate, TEA lauroyl sarcosinate, TEA oleoyl sarcosinate, TEA palm kernel sarcosinate, and combinations thereof.

[0078] Non-limiting examples of sulfosuccinate surfactants may include disodium N-octadecyl sulfosuccinate, disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate, diammonium lauryl sulfosuccinate, sodium lauryl sulfosuccinate, disodium laureth sulfosuccinate, tetrasodium N-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)-N-octadecyl sulfosuccinate, diamyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate, dihexyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate, dioctyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinate, and combinations thereof.

[0079] Non-limiting examples of sulfoacetates include sodium lauryl sulfoacetate, ammonium lauryl sulfoacetate, and combinations thereof.

[0080] Non-limiting examples of acyl glycinates include sodium cocoyl glycinate, sodium lauroyl glycinate, and combinations thereof.

[0081] Non-limiting examples of acyl alaninates include sodium cocoyl alaninate, sodium lauroyl alaninate, sodium N-dodecanoyl-1-alaninate, and combinations thereof.

[0082] Non-limiting examples of acyl glutamates include sodium cocoyl glutamate, disodium cocoyl glutamate, ammonium cocoyl glutamate, diammonium cocoyl glutamate, sodium lauroyl glutamate, disodium lauroyl glutamate, sodium cocoyl hydrolyzed wheat protein glutamate, disodium cocoyl hydrolyzed wheat protein glutamate, potassium cocoyl glutamate, dipotassium cocoyl glutamate, potassium lauroyl glutamate, dipotassium lauroyl glutamate, potassium cocoyl hydrolyzed wheat protein glutamate, dipotassium cocoyl hydrolyzed wheat protein glutamate, sodium capryloyl glutamate, disodium capryloyl glutamate, potassium capryloyl glutamate, dipotassium capryloyl glutamate, sodium undecylenoyl glutamate, disodium undecylenoyl glutamate, potassium undecylenoyl glutamate, undecylenoyl glutamate, The hydroxybenzoate may be selected from the group consisting of dipotassium decylenoyl glutamate, disodium hydrogenated tallow glutamate, sodium stearoyl glutamate, disodium stearoyl glutamate, potassium stearoyl glutamate, dipotassium stearoyl glutamate, sodium myristoyl glutamate, disodium myristoyl glutamate, potassium myristoyl glutamate, dipotassium myristoyl glutamate, cocoyl / hydrogenated tallow glutamate, cocoyl / palmoyl / sunfloweroyl sodium glutamate, hydrogenated tallow oil sodium glutamate, sodium olivoyl glutamate, disodium olivoyl glutamate, sodium palmoyl glutamate, disodium palmoyl glutamate, TEA-cocoyl glutamate, hydrogenated tallow oil TEA-glutamate, TEA-lauroyl glutamate, and mixtures thereof.

[0083] Non-limiting examples of acyl glycinates include sodium cocoyl glycinate, sodium lauroyl glycinate, and combinations thereof.

[0084] A non-limiting example of a lactate can include sodium lactate.

[0085] Non-limiting examples of lactylates include sodium lauroyl lactylate, sodium cocoyl lactylate, and combinations thereof.

[0086] Non-limiting examples of glucose carboxylates include sodium lauryl glucoside carboxylate, sodium cocoyl glucoside carboxylate, and combinations thereof.

[0087] Non-limiting examples of alkylamphoacetates include sodium cocoylamphoacetate, sodium lauroylamphoacetate, and combinations thereof.

[0088] Non-limiting examples of acyltaurates include sodium methyl cocoyl taurate, sodium methyl lauroyl taurate, sodium methyl oleoyl taurate, and combinations thereof.

[0089] Co-surfactants Co-surfactants are substances that are combined with the undecyl sulfate surfactant and, optionally, anionic surfactants to improve lather volume and / or modify lather texture. Typically, these substances can be selected from a variety of structural groups, including, but not limited to, amphoteric, zwitterionic, cationic, and nonionic. They are typically used with anionic surfactants in a weight ratio of 1:20 to 1:4, or alternatively, 1:12 to 1:7.

[0090] The cleansing composition may comprise from about 0.5% to about 10%, alternatively from about 0.5% to about 5%, alternatively from about 0.5% to about 3%, alternatively from about 0.5% to about 2%, alternatively from about 0.5% to about 1.75%, by weight of the composition, of at least one suitable co-surfactant. The co-surfactant may serve to generate lather more quickly, promote easier rinsing, and / or reduce harshness to keratinous tissue. The co-surfactant may also assist in generating lather with more desirable texture, volume, and / or other properties.

[0091] Suitable amphoteric surfactants for use herein include, but are not limited to, derivatives of aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines, in which the aliphatic radical can be straight-chain or branched, one of the aliphatic substituents containing about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, and one containing an anionic water-soluble group such as, for example, carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate. Examples include sodium 3-dodecylaminopropionate, sodium 3-dodecylaminopropanesulfonate, sodium lauryl sarcosinate, N-alkyltaurines such as those prepared by reacting dodecylamine with sodium isethionate according to the teachings of U.S. Pat. No. 2,658,072, N-higher alkylaspartic acids such as those prepared according to the teachings of U.S. Pat. No. 2,438,091, and the products described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,528,378, and mixtures thereof. The amphoteric surfactant may be selected from the betaine group, such as lauroamphoacetate.

[0092] Zwitterionic surfactants suitable for use herein include, but are not limited to, derivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium, phosphonium, and sulfonium compounds, wherein the aliphatic group can be straight-chained or branched, one of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, and one substituent contains an anionic group, such as carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate. Other zwitterionic surfactants suitable for use herein include betaines, including higher alkyl betaines, such as cocodimethylcarboxymethyl betaine, cocoamidopropyl betaine, cocobetaine, laurylamidopropyl betaine, oleyl betaine, lauryldimethylcarboxymethyl betaine, lauryldimethylalphacarboxyethyl betaine, cetyldimethylcarboxymethyl betaine, laurylbis-(2-hydroxyethyl)carboxymethyl betaine, stearylbis-(2-hydroxypropyl)carboxymethyl betaine, oleyldimethylgamma-carboxypropyl betaine, laurylbis-(2-hydroxypropyl)alpha-carboxyethyl betaine, and mixtures thereof. Sulfobetaines may include cocodimethylsulfopropyl betaine, stearyldimethylsulfopropyl betaine, lauryldimethylsulfoethyl betaine, laurylbis-(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfopropyl betaine, and mixtures thereof. Other suitable amphoteric surfactants include amidobetaines and amidosulfobetaines in which the RCONH(CH2)3 radical is attached to the nitrogen atom of the betaine, where R is C 11 ~C 17 It is alkyl.

[0093] Suitable nonionic co-surfactants for use in the compositions to enhance lather volume or texture include water-soluble materials such as lauryl dimethylamine oxide, coco dimethylamine oxide, cocoamidopropylamine oxide, laurylamidopropylamine oxide, or water-insoluble ingredients such as alkyl polyethoxylates such as laureth-4 through laureth-7, coco monoethanolamide, coco diethanolamide, lauroyl monoethanolamide, alkanoyl isopropanolamide, and fatty alcohols such as cetyl alcohol and oleyl alcohol, and 2-hydroxyalkyl methyl ethers.

[0094] Further suitable materials as co-surfactants herein include 1,2-alkyl epoxides, 1,2-alkanediols, branched or linear alkyl glyceryl ethers (such as those described in European Patent No. EP 1696023(A1)), 1,2-alkyl cyclic carbonates, and 1,2-alkyl cyclic sulfites, particularly those in which the alkyl group contains 6 to 14 carbon atoms in a linear or branched configuration. Other examples include C alkyl esters, which can be prepared according to U.S. Patent Nos. 5,741,948, 5,994,595, 6,346,509, and 6,417,408. 10 or C 12 Included are alkyl ether alcohols derived by reacting an alpha olefin with ethylene glycol (eg, hydroxyethyl-2-decyl ether, hydroxyethyl-2-dodecyl ether).

[0095] Other nonionic surfactants may be selected from the group consisting of glucose amides, alkyl polyglucosides, sucrose cocoate, sucrose lauryl sulfate, alkanolamides, ethoxylated alcohols, and mixtures thereof. Nonionic surfactants may be selected from the group consisting of glyceryl monohydroxystearate, isosteareth-2, trideceth-3, hydroxystearic acid, propylene glycol stearate, PEG-2 stearate, sorbitan monostearate, glyceryl laurate, laureth-2, cocamide monoethanolamine, lauramide monoethanolamine, and mixtures thereof.

[0096] The co-surfactant may be selected from the group consisting of coco monoethanolamide, cocoamidopropyl betaine, laurylamidopropyl betaine, cocobetaine, lauryl betaine, lauryl amine oxide, sodium laurylamphoacetate; alkyl glyceryl ethers, alkyl-di-glyceryl ethers, 1,2-alkyl cyclic sulfites, 1,2-alkyl cyclic carbonates, 1,2-alkyl-epoxides, alkyl glycidyl ethers, and alkyl-1,3-dioxolanes (wherein the alkyl group contains 6 to 14 carbon atoms in a linear or branched chain configuration); 1,2-alkanediols having a total carbon content of 6 to 14 carbon atoms in a linear or branched chain, methyl-2-hydroxy-decyl ether, hydroxyethyl-2-dodecyl ether, hydroxyethyl-2-decyl ether, and mixtures thereof.

[0097] Cationic surfactants can be derived from amines that are protonated at the pH of the formulation, such as bis-hydroxyethyl laurylamine, lauryldimethylamine, lauroyldimethylamidopropylamine, cocoylamidopropylamine, etc. Cationic surfactants can also be derived from fatty quaternary ammonium salts, such as lauryltrimethylammonium chloride and lauroylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride.

[0098] Alkylamphoacetate is a suitable surfactant used in the composition herein to improve the mildness and lather of the product.The most commonly used alkylamphoacetate is lauroamphoacetate and cocoamphoacetate.Alkylamphoacetate can be composed of monoacetate and diacetate.In some types of alkylamphoacetate, diacetate is an impurity or an unintended reaction product.However, the presence of diacetate can cause various undesirable composition characteristics when it is present in an amount greater than 15% of alkylamphoacetate.

[0099] Suitable nonionic surfactants for use herein are selected from the group consisting of glucose amides, alkyl polyglucosides, sucrose cocoate, sucrose laurate, alkanolamides, ethoxylated alcohols, and mixtures thereof.In one embodiment, the nonionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of glyceryl monohydroxystearate, isosteareth-2, trideceth-3, hydroxystearic acid, propylene glycol stearate, PEG-2 stearate, sorbitan monostearate, glyceryl laurate, laureth-2, cocamide monoethanolamine, lauramide monoethanolamine, and mixtures thereof.

[0100] Non-limiting examples of suitable structuring agents include those described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,952,286, which are unsaturated and / or branched (C8-C9 24) liquid fatty acids or their ester derivatives; unsaturated and / or branched long-chain liquid alcohols or their ether derivatives, and mixtures thereof. The surfactant may also contain short-chain saturated fatty acids such as capric acid and caprylic acid. Without being limited by theory, it is believed that the unsaturated portion of the fatty acid or alcohol, or the branched portion of the fatty acid or alcohol, serves to "perturb" the hydrophobic chain of the surfactant and induce the formation of a lamellar phase. Examples of suitable liquid fatty acids include oleic acid, isostearic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, ricinoleic acid, elaidic acid, arachidonic acid, myristoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, and mixtures thereof. Examples of suitable ester derivatives include propylene glycol isostearate, propylene glycol oleate, glyceryl isostearate, glyceryl oleate, polyglyceryl diisostearate, and mixtures thereof. Examples of alcohols include oleyl alcohol and isostearyl alcohol. Examples of ether derivatives include isosteareth or oleth carboxylates, or isosteareth or oleth alcohols. The structuring agent may be defined as having a melting point of less than about 25°C.

[0101] When present, the composition may include a rheology modifier, which includes a cellulosic rheology modifier, a crosslinked acrylate, a crosslinked maleic anhydride co-methyl vinyl ether, a hydrophobically modified associative polymer, or a mixture thereof.

[0102] When used, the electrolyte may be added to the composition itself or may be formed in situ via a counterion contained in one of the raw materials. The electrolyte may include anions including phosphate, chloride, sulfate, or citrate, and cations including sodium, ammonium, potassium, magnesium, or mixtures thereof. The electrolyte may be sodium chloride, ammonium chloride, sodium sulfate, or ammonium sulfate. The electrolyte may be added to the composition in an amount of about 0.1% to about 15%, alternatively about 1% to about 6%, alternatively about 3% to about 6% by weight of the composition.

[0103] Water-based carrier The cleaning composition may include an aqueous carrier. Typically, the composition is in the form of a pourable liquid (under ambient conditions). As such, the composition comprises an aqueous carrier at a concentration of at least about, alternatively about 20% to about 95%, alternatively about 60% to about 85% by weight of the composition. The aqueous carrier may comprise water or a miscible mixture of water and an organic solvent. The aqueous carrier may also comprise water with minimal or no significant concentrations of organic solvent, except when otherwise incidentally incorporated into the composition as a minor component of other components.

[0104] Additional ingredients The cleansing composition may further comprise one or more optional ingredients known for use in hair care or personal care products, so long as the optional ingredients are physically and chemically compatible with the ingredients described herein or do not otherwise unduly impair the stability, aesthetics, or performance of the product. The individual concentration of such optional ingredients may range from about 0.001% to about 10% by weight of the composition.

[0105] Non-limiting examples of optional ingredients that may be used in the compositions include cationic polymers, conditioning agents (hydrocarbon oils, fatty acid esters, silicones), anti-dandruff agents, suspending agents, viscosity modifiers, dyes, non-volatile solvents or diluents (water soluble and water insoluble), pearlizing aids, foam boosters, additional surfactants or non-ionic co-surfactants, pediculicides, pH adjusters, fragrances, preservatives, chelating agents, proteins, skin active agents, sunscreens, UV absorbers, and vitamins.

[0106] A. Dispersed particles The composition may include dispersed particles. Useful particles may be inorganic, synthetic, or semi-synthetic in origin. When present, the dispersed particles are incorporated in an amount of from about 0.025% to about 20%, alternatively from about 0.05% to about 10%, alternatively from about 0.1% to about 5%, alternatively from about 0.25% to about 3%, alternatively from about 0.5% to about 2% by weight of the composition.

[0107] B. Nonionic polymers Polyalkylene glycols having a molecular weight greater than about 1000 are useful herein. Those having the following general formula are useful:

[0108] [ka]

[0109] In the formula, R 95is selected from the group consisting of H, methyl, and mixtures thereof. Polyethylene glycol polymers useful herein include PEG-2M (also known as Polyox WSR® N-10, available from Union Carbide as PEG-2,000); PEG-5M (also known as Polyox WSR® N-35 and Polyox WSR® N-80, available from Union Carbide as PEG-5,000 and Polyethylene Glycol 300,000); PEG-7M (also known as Polyox WSR® N-750, available from Union Carbide); PEG-9M (also known as Polyox WSR® N-3333, available from Union Carbide); and PEG-14M (also known as Polyox WSR® N-3000, available from Union Carbide).

[0110] C. Additional Conditioning Agents The composition may also contain one or more conditioning agents in addition to the conditioning provided by the discrete particles. Conditioning agents include materials used to provide special conditioning benefits to hair and / or skin. Conditioning agents useful in the composition typically comprise water-insoluble, water-dispersible, non-volatile liquids that form emulsified liquid particles. Conditioning agents suitable for use in the composition are generally characterized as silicones (e.g., silicone oils, cationic silicones, silicone gums, high refractive index silicones, and silicone resins), organic conditioning oils (e.g., hydrocarbon oils, polyolefins, and fatty acid esters), or combinations thereof, or otherwise form liquid, dispersed particles in an aqueous surfactant matrix.

[0111] The cleaning composition may further comprise a non-volatile silicone oil. For opaque composition embodiments, the cleaning composition comprises a non-volatile silicone oil having a particle size of about 1 μm to about 50 μm as measured in the cleaning composition. The cleaning composition may also comprise a non-volatile silicone oil having a particle size of about 100 nm to about 1 μm as measured in the cleaning composition. For substantially transparent composition embodiments, the cleaning composition may comprise a non-volatile silicone oil having a particle size of less than about 100 nm as measured in the cleaning composition.

[0112] When present, the one or more conditioning agents are in an amount from about 0.01% to about 10%, alternatively from about 0.1% to about 8%, and alternatively from about 0.2% to about 4% by weight of the composition.

[0113] The conditioning agent may be present in discrete particles or may be added to the final cleaning composition as a separate ingredient so that it is primarily present in the continuous phase of the cleaning.

[0114] D. Anti-dandruff actives The composition may also contain an anti-dandruff active. Suitable non-limiting examples of anti-dandruff actives include pyridinethione salts, azoles, selenium sulfide, particulate sulfur, keratolytic agents, piroctone olamine, and mixtures thereof. Such anti-dandruff actives should be physically and chemically compatible with the components of the composition and should not otherwise unduly impair product stability, aesthetics, or performance.

[0115] When present in the composition, the anti-dandruff active is included in an amount of from about 0.01% to about 5%, alternatively from about 0.1% to about 3%, alternatively from about 0.3% to about 2% by weight of the composition.

[0116] E. Moisturizer The composition may contain a humectant. The humectant herein is selected from the group consisting of polyhydric alcohols, water-soluble alkoxylated nonionic polymers, and mixtures thereof. As used herein, the humectant may be present in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 20% by weight of the composition, alternatively from about 0.5% to about 5% by weight.

[0117] F. Structuring and Suspending Agents The composition may further comprise a structuring or suspending agent at a concentration effective to suspend water-insoluble materials in dispersed form in the composition or to modify the viscosity of the composition, such concentrations ranging from about 0.02% to about 10%, alternatively from about 0.02% to about 5.0%, alternatively from about 0.02% to about 1.5%, by weight of the composition.

[0118] Suspending agents useful herein include crystalline suspending agents, which can be classified as acyl derivatives, long-chain amine oxides, and mixtures thereof. These suspending agents are described in U.S. Patent No. 4,741,855. These suspending agents may include ethylene glycol esters of fatty acids having from about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms. Alternatives include ethylene glycol stearates, including monostearate and distearate, and distearate containing less than about 7% monostearate.

[0119] The use of hydrogenated castor oil structurants (such as Thixcin® supplied by Elementis Specialties) can aid in formulations that use higher levels of fatty amphiphiles, e.g., fatty alcohols, in the gel network. The use of hydrogenated castor oil improves formulation flexibility by producing (i) dispersions with higher concentrations of structurant (more efficient use of plant containers), and (ii) crystal habits / forms that result in higher yield stresses in the final product, imparting greater stability for a given amount of structurant.

[0120] G. Other Optional Ingredients The composition may contain other optional ingredients, which may be present in the dispersed gel network phase or may be added to the final cleaning composition as separate components.

[0121] For example, the composition may contain water-soluble and water-insoluble vitamins such as vitamins B1, B2, B6, B12, C, pantothenic acid, pantothenyl ethyl ether, panthenol, biotin and its derivatives, and vitamins A, D, E and their derivatives. The composition may also contain water-soluble and water-insoluble amino acids such as asparagine, alanine, indole, glutamic acid and their salts, and tyrosine, tryptamine, lysine, histadine and their salts. The composition may further contain substances useful for preventing hair loss and stimulating or promoting hair growth.

[0122] Any other suitable optional ingredients, such as ingredients conventionally used in a given product type, may also be included in the composition. The CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook, Tenth Edition (2004), published by the Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, Inc., Washington, DC, describes a wide variety of non-limiting materials that can be added to the compositions herein. Examples of these classes of ingredients include abrasives, absorbents, aesthetic components such as fragrances and fragrances, pigments, colorants / colorants, essential oils, skin sensates, astringents and the like (e.g., clove oil, menthol, camphor, eucalyptus oil, eugenol, menthyl lactate, witch hazel distillate), anti-acne agents, anti-caking agents, anti-foaming agents, antimicrobial agents (e.g., iodopropyl butylcarbamate), antibacterial agents, antifungal agents, antioxidants, binders, biological additives, buffers, bulking agents, chelating agents, chemical additives, colorants, cosmetic astringents, cosmetic biocides, denaturing agents, pharmaceutical astringents, topical analgesics, film formers or film-forming substances, such as polymers to aid in the film-forming properties and substantivity of the composition (e.g., copolymers of eicosene and vinylpyrrolidone), opacifiers, pH adjusters, herbal derivatives, herbal extracts, herbal tissue extracts, herbal seed extracts, herbal oils, plant extracts, plant soluble and plant-based additives, and the like. Examples of suitable skin care products include, but are not limited to, plant extracts, preservatives, propellants, reducing agents, sebum control agents, sequestrants, skin bleaching and lightening agents (e.g., hydroquinone, kojic acid, ascorbic acid, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, ascorbyl glucoside, pyridoxine), enzymes, coenzymes, skin conditioning agents (e.g., moisturizers and occlusive agents), skin soothing and / or treating agents and derivatives (e.g., panthenol and derivatives such as ethyl panthenol, aloe vera, pantothenic acid and its derivatives, allantoin, bisabolol, and dipotassium glycyrrhizinate), skin treatment agents (e.g., vitamin D compounds, mono-, di-, and tri-terpenoids, β-ionol, cedrol), thickeners (including monovalent or divalent salts such as sodium chloride), and vitamins, their derivatives, and combinations thereof.

[0123] Test Method hair base material A 4-gram, 8-inch unprocessed hair strand (i.e., no chemical treatment) was supplied by International Hair Importers & Products Inc. and was of Caucasian origin.

[0124] Hair treatment The hair tresses are hung over a sink and pre-wet with water for approximately 30 seconds. The tresses are then pinched between the index and middle fingers and drawn through these fingers to remove excess water. 0.4 cc of the cleaning composition is placed on the front of each tress and applied in a zigzag motion along the length of each hair switch. The cleaning composition is applied to each tress by brushing for approximately 30 seconds using a Goody®, a plastic brush with small, stiff bristles. Each tress is then rinsed with water for approximately 30 seconds. The tresses are then pinched between the index and middle fingers and drawn through these fingers to remove excess water. The tresses are then turned over, and 0.4 cc of the cleaning composition is placed on the back of each tress and applied in a zigzag motion along the length of each tress. Each tress is then rinsed with water for approximately 30 seconds. The hair tresses are then pinched between the index and middle fingers and pulled through these fingers to remove excess water. The tresses are then air-dried. The water used to pre-wet and rinse the tresses is typically at a temperature of about 100°F and a pressure of about 1.5 gallons per minute. The water typically has a hardness of about 7 grains per gallon to about 13 grains per gallon. After the hair treatment, the tresses are placed in a hot box at 80°C until the hair is dry.

[0125] Determination of cetyl alcohol Hair samples were equilibrated overnight in a constant humidity chamber at 20% RH. For each sample, 0.1 g of hair was cut into 20-40 mm segments and placed in a vial (n=4). First, the hair was gently extracted with hexane to remove external cetyl alcohol. Hexane extraction consisted of extracting the hair twice with hexane, followed by concentrating the dried residue in a second solvent (mobile phase for supercritical fluid chromatography-mass spectrometry (SFC-MSMS) and N,O-bis(trimethylsilyltrifluoroacetamide (BSTFA) derivatization reagent for gas chromatography (GC)). Next, internal cetyl alcohol was extracted using 2:1, then 1:1 chloroform:methanol. The chloroform contained 10 mM dimethylhexylamine (DMHA) and 1% formic acid in methanol. Each extract is heated with hair for 30 minutes at 65°C, then the combined, dried residue is redissolved in a second solvent (mobile phase for SFCMS-MS and BSTFA derivatization reagent for GC). Cetyl alcohol is quantified by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection using a polydimethylsiloxane capillary column with a hydrogen mobile phase. Nonadecanoic acid and eicosanoic acid are used as internal standards.

[0126] SAXS / WAXS X-ray sample preparation / procedure A single bead was dropped into the flared end of a 2.5 mm OD capillary (0.01 mm wall thickness) housing the washing chassis and gently pushed into the neck of the capillary to ensure complete submersion. This setup was used for each collected time point, centering the position of the capillary containing the bead in the sample beam to capture the SAXS pattern of the bead itself as it changed over time. The bead was slightly larger than the body of the capillary, but the capillary flared toward the open end, and this flaring ensured that the size of the open end would hold the bead in place for the entire day of analysis.

[0127] After one day, the 18x0129 beads are removed from the capillary and the WAXS pattern is collected. If longer timescale analysis is required, the sample 18x0130 remains in the capillary along with the washing chassis at that time.

[0128] The equipment used for X-ray diffraction measurements includes: 1) small-angle data (SAXS) is collected on a Bruker NanoSTAR (Billerica, MA, USA) small-angle X-ray scattering instrument. The fine-focus Cu X-ray tube is operated at 50 kV and 0.60 mA with a 550-micrometer ScanTex pinhole. The sample-to-detector distance is 109.260 cm, and the detector is a Vantec 2K two-dimensional area detector. Samples are placed in a solid sample holder and analyzed under ambient conditions with an analysis time of 1200 s. 2) wide-angle data (WAXS) is collected on a Stoe STADI-P transmission-mode diffractometer. The generator is operated at 40 kV / 50 mA to power the long fine-focus Cu X-ray tube with a copper anode. The diffractometer incorporates an incident beam bending germanium-crystal monochromator, a standard incident beam slit system, and an image plate-position sensitive detector with an angular range of approximately 124 h. Data are collected in transmission mode over the range 0–124 h for 900 s.

[0129] Compression measurements of swollen discrete particles Desirably, the discrete particles swell or "hydrate" sufficiently once incorporated into the final product so that they begin to blend with the wash-continuous layer when the product is dispensed from the package by the consumer. Figure 1 illustrates particle hydration. Figure 1 includes anhydrous particles 10 and discrete particles 12. As a result, different hydration domains arise within the particle structure as a function of time and particle and chassis composition 14. The different domains are described as follows: - Non-hydrated Solid Phase 16 = The least hydrated phase of discrete particles that has undergone little to no significant hydration and whose compression is equal to or exceeds the 50 g force limit of the Kawabata KES-FB3-Auto Compression test method described herein and is closest to anhydrous particles. -Semi-hydrated gel phase 18 = A phase in which the discrete particles are partially hydrated and continue to hydrate over time, and the compression of which is measurable using a Kawabata KES-FB3-Auto Compression Tester and the corresponding method described below. -Hydrated Gel Phase 20 = A mostly hydrated phase of discrete particles that most closely resembles a dispersed gel network phase on the microscale.

[0130] The method described herein characterizes the degree to which discrete particles (hereinafter referred to as "particles" or "beads") have softened in a product. The method uses a Kawabata KES-FB3-Auto Compression Tester or a similar instrument manufactured by Kato Tech, LTD. The following are the instrument settings used herein for the Kawabata KS-FB3-Auto Compression Tester - sensitivity: 2, speed: 0.02 mm / sec, stroke: 10, zone or probe compression area: 2 (corresponding to a standard 16 mm compression probe), process speed: 0.1, maximum load: 50 gf / cm2.

[0131] Example data from this method are included in Tables 1 and 2 below and include: (1) the total work of compression [WC 合計 ], and (2) the size of the unhydrated solid phase remaining at a particular time point [≈Tm (mm)]. These data herein can be used to generate a graphical representation or "fingerprint" that describes the degree of hydration of a given bead in a product over time (Figure 3). The following equation is used to calculate WC 合計where 1) "n" and "n-1" refer to the step number in the particle compression measurement from which the corresponding data was obtained, where n is greater than or equal to 2; 2) "FC" refers to the compression force [= load (gf / cm2) × probe compression area (cm2)]; and 3) "D" refers to the probe travel distance.

[0132]

number

[0133] Example Data Analysis:

[0134]

number

[0135] [Table 1]

[0136] [Table 2]

[0137] Sample preparation for compression measurements Product samples are prepared by incorporating beads into the final product so that the beads are effectively coated with the product (e.g., approximately 10 beads per 5 grams of a cleaning composition, such as shampoo). Using a small spatula, these beads are sampled one by one from the product at various time intervals, taking care not to deform the beads during extraction. Compression of the beads is performed at the following time intervals (hours), although not limited to specific time scales: 0, 1, 3, 6, and 24 hours. After proper equipment calibration and measurement setup, in preparation for sample analysis, the beads are carefully extracted from the product and placed in the center of the sample stage of the KS-FB3-A compression tester, directly beneath the compression probe.

[0138] Non-limiting examples The compositions shown in the following examples illustrate specific, but not limiting, embodiments of the compositions. Other modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. These exemplified embodiments of the compositions described herein provide enhanced conditioning benefits to hair.

[0139] Unless otherwise specified, all exemplified amounts are listed as weight percent and exclude minor materials such as diluents, preservatives, color solutions, image ingredients, botanicals, etc. All percentages are by weight unless otherwise specified.

[0140] The following examples illustrate specific embodiments of anhydrous particles prior to incorporation with other components of a final cleaning composition. It is contemplated that each of the following anhydrous particle premix examples may be incorporated as discrete particles into a cleaning composition, such as a shampoo composition.

[0141] [Table 3-1]

[0142] [Table 3-2]

[0143] (1) Available from A&E Connock (2) Available from Croda Chemicals (3) Available from Emery Oleochemicals (4) Available from Clariant Int. Ltd. (5) Available from P&G Chemicals (6) Available from Stepan Company (7) Genamin® BTMS (Clariant) (8)Incromine (trademark) SD (Croda) (9)PRESTIGE Ruby(Sudarshan Chemical) (10) Titanium dioxide (Kobo) (11) Jordapon Ci Prilled (BASF) (12) Available from Sigma Aldrich (13)Cf330m(Momentive Performance Materials) (14) Belsil® DM 5500 E (Wacker) (15)Dow Corning 1872(Dow Corning Corporation) (16) Mirapol 100S (Solvay USA Inc.) (17) DL Panthenol (DSM Nutritional Products Inc.) (18) D / DI Panthenyl Ethyl Ether (DSM Nutritional Products Inc.) (19) Argania Spinosa Kernel Oil (BASF Corporation) (20) Coconut Milk 5432472 (IFF) (21) LAEVO MENTHOL (Symrise) (22) Available from BASF

[0144] Discrete Particle Examples 1 to 4 (GN Example 1 to GN Example 4) Example of discrete particles prior to incorporation with detersive surfactant and other components of the final cleaning composition.

[0145] [Table 4]

[0146] (1) Available from Clariant Int. Ltd.

[0147] Shampoo Examples 1-20

[0148] [Table 5]

[0149] * Illustrated is the case where the anhydrous particles are premixed with the gel network before being added to the shampoo.

[0150] [Table 6]

[0151] [Table 7]

[0152] [Table 8]

[0153] (1) Sodium laureth-n sulfate (wherein n≧1 and ≦3) (2) Cationic galactomannan (molecular weight: 200,000, charge density: 3.0 meq / g) (3) Cationic galactomannan (molecular weight: 200,000, charge density: 0.7 meq / g) (4) Jaguar C17 (Rhodia) (5) ADPP-5043H1VPW (molecular weight - 1,200,000 and charge density 2.0 meq / g), available from Aqualon / Hercules (6) Polymer LR30M (Dow Chemical Company) (7) Mirapol 100S (Solvay USA Inc.) (8)Cf330m(Momentive Performance Materials) (9) Belsil® DM 5500 E (Wacker) (10)Dow Corning 1872(Dow Corning Corporation) (11) Trihydroxystearin-PrimG (Elementis Specialties Inc.) (12)Carbopol Aqua SF 1(Lubrizol Advanced Materials) (13) Jaguar Excel (Solvay) (14) Polymer KG30M (Dow Chemical Company) (15) Carbopol Aqua SF 2 (Lubrizol Advanced Materials)

[0154] Dimensions and values ​​disclosed herein should not be understood as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values ​​recited. Instead, unless otherwise indicated, each such dimension is intended to mean both the recited value and a functionally equivalent range surrounding that value. For example, a dimension disclosed as "40 mm" is intended to mean "approximately 40 mm."

[0155] All documents cited herein, including cross-referenced documents or related patents or applications, are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety unless expressly excluded or otherwise limited. The citation of any document shall not be deemed to be prior art to any invention disclosed or claimed herein, or that it alone, or when combined with any other reference(s), teaches, suggests, or discloses any such invention(s). Furthermore, to the extent that any meaning or definition of a term in this document conflicts with a meaning or definition of the same term in a document incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition assigned to that term in this document shall govern.

[0156] While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of this invention.

Claims

1. 1. A plurality of water-swellable, anhydrous particles for use in an aqueous personal cleaning composition, said particles comprising: (a) a fatty amphiphile having a hydrophobic tail group with 16 to 22 carbon atoms, having a melting point of 27°C or greater, and selected from fatty alcohols, fatty esters, fatty acids, fatty amides, and mixtures thereof; (b) a cationic surfactant selected from mono-long chain alkyl quaternary ammonium salts, di-long chain alkyl quaternary ammonium salts, mono-long chain alkyl amines, and combinations thereof; (c) less than 30% water; wherein the particles have a size of from 200 micrometers to 10,000 micrometers.

2. 2. The particle of claim 1, wherein the fatty amphiphile and the surfactant are present in a weight ratio of surfactant:fatty amphiphile of 1:1 to 1:

10.

3. 10. The particles of claim 1, wherein the particles have a size of from 500 micrometers to 7000 micrometers.

4. 10. The particles of claim 1, wherein the particles have a compression of greater than 50 gram-force units as measured using a KES-FB3-A Compression Tester.

5. 10. The particles of claim 1, wherein when swollen in an aqueous personal care composition for 3 days, the particles have a compression of 0.5 gram-force units to 50 gram-force units as measured using a KES-FB3-A Compression Tester.

6. 10. The particle of claim 1, further comprising a benefit agent selected from silicone compounds, fragrances, colorants, and combinations thereof.

7. 2. The particles of claim 1, wherein the fatty amphiphile is a mixture of cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol present in a weight ratio of cetyl alcohol:stearyl alcohol of 1:9 to 9:

1.

8. 10. The particle of claim 1, wherein the particle is neither coated nor encapsulated.

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