Input device

Abstract

To provide an input device with an improved tactile feeling of an operation panel.SOLUTION: An input device includes a housing, a detection circuit, a shear force sensor, an operation panel 20, a first input sensor, a second input sensor, and a third input sensor. The operation panel 20 is connected so that shear force is transmitted to the shear force sensor. A first input region 31 in which an uneven portion 32 is formed and an input in a horizontal direction is performed, a second input region 41, a third input region 51, and a path region 21 in which a guide portion 22 is formed are provided on the operation panel 20. The first input region 31 has the modulus of elasticity equal to or greater than 1 GPa. Below the operation panel 20, a design layer, the first input sensor below the first input region 31, the second input sensor below the second input region 41, and the third input sensor below the third input region 51 are provided, respectively. The shear force sensor, the first input sensor, the second input sensor, and the third input sensor are respectively electrically connected to the detection circuit.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an input device, and more particularly to an input device equipped with a shear force sensor. [Background technology]

[0002] Input devices have been proposed that include shear force sensors, pressure sensors, and the like that detect multiple inputs, such as the magnitude and direction of the input. For example, Patent Document 1 describes an input device with multiple switches arranged on the shaft of an automobile steering wheel. These multiple switches are components for performing various inputs and operations from the input device. For example, these switches are used to play music on audio equipment, adjust the volume, answer calls on a mobile phone, and set various settings (e.g., setting the distance between vehicles) in ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance Systems). For example, Patent Document 2 describes a pressure detection device that can detect the direction, magnitude, and in-plane distribution of pressure and shear stress using electrostatic capacitance as a sensor that can be provided in an input device.

[0003] Furthermore, in order for a shear force sensor to detect shear force, the shear force must be transmitted from the input member to the shear force sensor. The input surface that the input member comes into contact with needs to have a high coefficient of friction so that the shear force can be transmitted from the input member. For example, Patent Document 3 describes an information input device in which the coefficient of friction of the area where shear force input is performed on the operation surface of a cover panel is greater than the coefficient of friction of the other areas, making it easier to input using shear force. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2023-044967 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 7295013 [Patent Document 3] Patent No. 7035102 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] In input devices equipped with conventional shear force sensors, such as the information input device described in Patent Document 3, materials with high friction coefficients, such as elastomers, are used to obtain a high friction coefficient on the input surface. However, such input surfaces can sometimes give an unpleasant tactile sensation to the person operating the input surface.

[0006] The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and has an object to provide an input device with an improved tactile feel of the operation panel. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] To achieve the above object, a first invention provides an input device including an operation panel having a first input area for horizontal input, and a shear force sensor connected to the operation panel for detecting the horizontal input to the first input area. The first input area has an uneven surface and an elastic modulus of 1 GPa or more.

[0008] With this configuration, the surface of the first input area is formed with unevenness, and the first input area has an elastic modulus of 1 GPa or more. This increases the coefficient of friction of the first input area and reduces tackiness. This effectively transmits horizontal inputs made by an input member such as a finger to the shear force sensor, while reducing unpleasant tactile sensations associated with the input.

[0009] A second invention is an input device having the configuration of the first invention, further comprising a first input sensor provided below the operation panel for detecting an input to the first input area.

[0010] With this configuration, inputs such as contact or proximity in the first input area are detected and identified using the first input sensor. Shear forces input to the operation panel on which the first input area is formed are detected using the shear force sensor. Therefore, the shear forces detected by the shear force sensor do not need to be limited to inputs in the first input area. Therefore, when the shear force sensor is mounted on the housing, there is increased flexibility in the mounting positions and structures of the shear force sensor, operation panel, support member, etc.

[0011] A third invention is an input device having the configuration of the first invention, wherein the operation panel further has a second input area, and further comprises a second input sensor below the operation panel that detects input to the second input area.

[0012] With this configuration, the input device is provided with multiple input areas and sensors, and a variety of inputs can be detected and identified, thereby improving operability and further miniaturizing the input device. Furthermore, by combining this with the second invention, the input position can be detected using the first input sensor and the second input sensor, and the shear force can be detected using the shear force sensor.

[0013] A fourth aspect of the present invention is an input device according to the third aspect of the present invention, wherein the operation panel further includes a path area connecting the first input area and the second input area, and the path area includes a guide portion formed to guide an input member moving between the first input area and the second input area.

[0014] A fifth aspect of the present invention is an input device according to the third aspect of the present invention, wherein the operation panel further includes a path area including a first input area, a second input area, and an area connecting the first input area and the second input area. The path area has a guide portion formed to guide an input member moving between the first input area and the second input area. The guide portion is formed to surround the path area.

[0015] With this configuration, the path area having the guide portion can be identified by touch using an input member such as a finger, without the need for visual recognition. The input member can move from one input area or its vicinity to another input area or its vicinity via the path area without visually recognizing the operation panel, thereby improving the operability of the input device.

[0016] A sixth aspect of the present invention is an input device having the configuration of the first aspect of the present invention, wherein in the first input region, the coefficient of friction in one direction is greater than the coefficient of friction in another direction.

[0017] With this configuration, the shear force sensor can increase the coefficient of friction in the direction in which it detects shear force and decrease the coefficient of friction in other directions, thereby improving the accuracy of detecting the direction of shear force, etc. Also, since it becomes possible to identify the direction in which shear force is detected by tactile sensation, the operability of the input device is improved. Furthermore, since the coefficient of friction in other directions can be decreased at the location where shear force is detected, the tactile sensation of the operation panel is improved. [Effects of the Invention]

[0018] According to this invention, an input device with an improved tactile feel of the operation panel can be provided. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0019] [Figure 1] 1 is a front view showing a part of a steering wheel in which an input device according to a first embodiment of the present invention is incorporated. [Figure 2] 2 is a partially enlarged front view showing a part of the steering wheel shown in FIG. 1. FIG. [Figure 3] 1 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of an input device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] 1 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of an operation panel included in an input device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VV shown in FIG. 4. [Figure 6] 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI shown in FIG. 4. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of an input device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of an operation panel provided in an input device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IX-IX shown in FIG. 8. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of an input device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of an operation panel provided in an input device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 12] 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XII-XII shown in FIG. 11. [Figure 13] 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XIII-XIII shown in FIGS. 11 and 15. FIG. [Figure 14] 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIV-XIV shown in FIG. 11. [Figure 15] FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of an operation panel provided in an input device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 16] 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XVI-XVI shown in FIG. 15. [Figure 17] 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XVII-XVII shown in FIG. 15. [Figure 18] 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XVIII-XVIII shown in FIG. 15. [Figure 19] 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIX-XIX shown in FIG. 15. [Figure 20] FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of an operation panel provided in an input device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 21] 21 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XXI-XXI shown in FIG. 20. [Figure 22] 21 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XXII-XXII shown in FIG. 20. [Figure 23] 21 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XXI-XXI shown in FIG. 20, of an input device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 24] 21 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XXII-XXII shown in FIG. 20, of an input device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 25] FIG. 13 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of an operation panel provided in an input device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 26] 26 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XXVI-XXVI shown in FIG. 25. [Figure 27] 26 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XXVII-XXVII shown in FIG. 25. [Figure 28] FIG. 13 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of a first input area provided in an input device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 29] 29 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XXIX-XXIX in FIG. 28. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0020] A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0021] First, with reference to Fig. 1, a steering wheel 11 incorporating an input device 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described. The steering wheel 11 includes a rim that is gripped by the driver of the vehicle, a central hub connected to a steering shaft for turning the vehicle while it is moving, and spokes connecting the rim and hub. For example, a horn or an airbag is disposed on the hub. The input device 10 is disposed on two spokes of the steering wheel 11 that are symmetrically disposed on either side of the hub.

[0022] Referring to Fig. 2, the input device 10 incorporated into the steering wheel 11 includes a housing and an operation panel 20 attached to the housing. The operation panel 20 has a first input area 31, a second input area 41, and a third input area 51, in which inputs are made in the horizontal direction. Each input area is identified by at least one of the sense of sight and the sense of touch. In addition to the second input area 41 and the third input area 51, further input areas such as a fourth input area may be provided.

[0023] Referring to FIG. 3 , input device 10 includes a housing 70, a detection circuit 60, a shear force sensor 30, an operation panel 20, a first input sensor 33, a second input sensor 40, and a third input sensor 50. In input device 10, shear force sensor 30 is provided on the frame of housing 70, which includes detection circuit 60. Operation panel 20 is provided on top of shear force sensor 30, and is connected to shear force sensor 30 so that shear force is transmitted to shear force sensor 30. On top of operation panel 20, first input area 31, second input area 41, and third input area 51, each having a concave-convex portion 32 for horizontal input, and path area 21 having a guide portion 22, are provided. A design layer 23 is formed below operation panel 20 so that a design can be seen through operation panel 20. Below the design layer 23, a first input sensor 33 is provided below the first input area 31, a second input sensor 40 is provided below the second input area 41, and a third input sensor 50 is provided below the third input area 51 so as to be housed inside the housing 70. The shear force sensor 30, the first input sensor 33, the second input sensor 40, and the third input sensor 50 are each electrically connected to a detection circuit 60. Note that Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram, and detailed illustrations of the uneven portion 32, the guidance portion 22, each sensor, the electrical connection between the detection circuit 60 and each sensor, the position of each area, etc. are omitted.

[0024] The housing 70 accommodates the detection circuit 60, as well as cables and connectors for electrically connecting to the outside. The housing 70 supports and fixes the shear force sensor 30 at the frame portion of the housing 70. The housing 70 supports the operation panel 20, which is connected to the shear force sensor 30 so that shear force is transmitted to the shear force sensor 30, on top of the shear force sensor 30 supported by the housing 70. However, as long as it is possible to include these components, there are no particular limitations on the shape, material, manufacturing method, etc. of the housing 70.

[0025] Referring to FIG. 4, the operation panel 20 is a plate-shaped member. The path area 21 includes a first input area 31, a second input area 41, a third input area 51, and an area connecting the respective input areas, and is a path for guiding an input member moving between the respective input areas. A guide section 22 is provided to surround the path area 21 and guide the input member moving between the respective input areas. However, the shape of the operation panel 20 is not particularly limited as long as the respective areas and uneven portions are formed and input is transmitted to the respective sensors. The surface of the operation panel 20 may be flat or curved.

[0026] The path area 21 may be provided in any desired shape as long as the input areas are connected to each other. For example, the path area 21 may be provided in a linear or curved shape, or multiple path areas may be provided to connect a pair of input areas.

[0027] The input member may be a human finger or the like, but is not particularly limited and may be selected as desired depending on the intended use of the input device 10. For example, a gloved finger or a stylus pen may also be used.

[0028] The uneven portion 32 is formed on the first input area 31 with a central convex portion 32a having a cylindrical shape at the center of the first input area 31 and a peripheral convex portion 32b having a concentric circle shape provided on the outer periphery of the central convex portion 32a. Referring to Fig. 6, the cross-sectional shape of the central convex portion 32a is formed so that the upper surface is parallel to the surface of the operation panel 20. The cross-sectional shape of the peripheral convex portion 32b includes an inclined portion formed so that the central side is higher than the outer periphery side.

[0029] The guide section 22 is formed to include a streak-like outer peripheral convex portion 22a surrounding the path area 21 and a streak-like inner convex portion 22b that guides the input member moving between the respective input areas. Referring to FIGS. 5 and 6, the cross-sectional shape of the guide section 22 is formed to include the outer peripheral convex portion 22a including an inclined portion formed so that the inside of the path area 21 is higher than the outside of the path area 21, and the semicircular inner convex portion 22b. However, the shape, width, height, etc. of the guide section 22 are not particularly limited as long as the input member moving between the respective input areas can be guided by contact with an input member such as a finger and deviation from the path area can be detected by touch. For example, minute dot-like irregularities or a recessed portion of a desired shape may be used.

[0030] Referring to Fig. 3, the design layer 23 is visible through the operation panel 20. The design layer 23 is formed so that the first input area 31, the second input area 41, the third input area 51, the path area 21, etc. can be distinguished from other areas. The design layer 23 includes displays that allow the functions executed by input into each area to be identified. For example, the design layer 23 can display operation icons, pictures, characters, etc.

[0031] The operation panel 20, the uneven portion 32, and the guide portion 22 are made of acrylic resin. The operation panel 20 has a modulus of elasticity of 1 GPa or more, is easily injection moldable, and is transparent. The modulus of elasticity of the material is measured using the tensile modulus measurement method described in JIS K7161:2019. However, as long as the design layer 23 is visible and the first input area 31 formed on the operation panel 20 has a modulus of elasticity of 1 GPa or more, the materials of the operation panel 20, the uneven portion 32, and the guide portion 22 are not particularly limited. As long as the design layer 23 and other components are not visible through the operation panel 20, the operation panel 20 may be opaque. The operation panel 20, the uneven portion 32, and the guide portion 22 may be made of a thermoplastic resin such as ABS resin or polycarbonate resin, a thermosetting resin, glass, or metal.

[0032] The operation panel 20 is formed by in-mold molding using a mold. By using in-mold molding, the unevenness provided on the operation panel 20, such as the uneven portion 32 and the guide portion 22, are also formed in the process of forming the operation panel 20. Furthermore, the design layer 23 is also transferred to the bottom of the operation panel 20 in the in-mold molding process. However, as long as the operation panel 20, the uneven portion 32, the guide portion 22, etc. are formed in the desired shape and the design is also formed as desired, the method of forming the operation panel 20 and the design layer 23 is not particularly limited. For example, they may be formed by film insert molding or the like. The design layer 23 may also be formed by painting, transferring, pasting, or the like on the operation panel 20 formed by injection molding.

[0033] 3, an input applied to a first input area 31 of the operation panel 20 by an input member is transmitted to the shear force sensor 30 via the operation panel 20. The shear force sensor 30 and the detection circuit 60 detect the magnitude and direction of the shear force. The direction in which the shear force is detected in the first input area 31 may be selected as desired depending on the application of the input device 10. The direction may be all 360°, every 90° such as along the X and Y axes, or only one desired direction.

[0034] The shear force sensor 30 is a sheet-like sensor formed by two films on which electrode patterns are formed, facing each other and sandwiching an elastic body. The shear force sensor 30 detects the deformation of the elastic body due to an applied shear force as a change in capacitance between the electrodes, thereby detecting the shear force. However, the shear force sensor 30 is not particularly limited as long as it can detect the shear force as desired. For example, a three-component load cell, a strain gauge, a piezoelectric element, or a shear force sensor of a pressure-sensitive resistance type (a type that detects changes in electrical resistance) may also be used.

[0035] The first input sensor 33, the second input sensor 40, and the third input sensor 50 are touch sensors that use capacitance to detect contact and proximity of an input member. Capacitive touch sensors can detect changes in the capacitance of electrodes formed on the touch sensor to detect contact and proximity of an input member. An input using an input member is made to the first input area 31, the second input area 41, or the third input area 51 formed on the operation panel 20. Contact and proximity of the input member to each area is detected using the first input sensor 33, the second input sensor 40, or the third input sensor 50 provided below the operation panel 20 and a detection circuit 60 connected to each sensor. However, the type and detection method of each input sensor are not particularly limited as long as they can detect contact and proximity to each input area. The input sensors may detect, for example, pressure, shear force, or temperature of the input member. Each sensor may be, for example, a switch or a shear force sensor, or a touch sensor using another detection method, such as a resistive film type or a piezoelectric type. The input device 10 may also be provided with sensors that detect desired inputs made to the respective input areas.

[0036] The detection circuit 60 detects the capacitance of each sensor. Based on the detected change in capacitance, the detection circuit 60 detects the shear force applied to the first input area 31 and the inputs to the first input area 31, the second input area 41, and the third input area 51. The detection circuit 60 transmits a signal corresponding to the detected input to the outside of the input device 10. However, the configuration of the detection circuit 60 is not particularly limited as long as it can detect the input to each input area and transmit the signal to the outside of the input device 10. For example, a separate detection circuit may be provided and connected to each sensor. Alternatively, a circuit including at least some of the functions of the detection circuit 60 may be provided outside the input device 10.

[0037] In the input device 10 according to the first embodiment, the first input area 31 has a surface formed with an uneven portion 32, and the first input area 31 has an elastic modulus of 1 GPa or more. This increases the coefficient of friction of the first input area 31 and reduces tack. This effectively transmits a horizontal input made by an input member to the shear force sensor 30, while reducing unpleasant tactile sensations associated with the input.

[0038] Furthermore, the uneven portion 32 formed in the first input area 31 on the operation panel 20 where shear force is input includes a peripheral convex portion 32b where an inclined portion is formed. Therefore, the coefficient of friction in the direction from the center to the outside of the first input area 31 where input in the horizontal direction is performed is greater than the coefficient of friction in the direction from the outside to the center of the first input area 31. Therefore, the shear force input by the input member in the first input area 31 is more easily transmitted to the shear force sensor 30 via the operation panel 20, improving the detection accuracy of the shear force.

[0039] Furthermore, since the guide portion 22 is continuous without any breaks, the unpleasant tactile sensation caused when the input member comes into contact with the end portion formed at the break in the convex portion of the guide portion 22 is reduced.

[0040] Furthermore, the outer peripheral protrusion 22a of the guide portion 22 is connected seamlessly to surround the path area 21 and includes an inclined portion formed so that the inside of the path area 21 is higher than the outside of the path area 21, so that the friction coefficient in the direction of deviation from the path area 21 is larger than the friction coefficient in other directions. Therefore, deviation of the input member from the path area 21 can be determined by touch. Also, unpleasant tactile sensations caused by the movement of the input member from the outside of the path area 21 to the inside of the path area 21 are reduced.

[0041] Furthermore, the inner convex portion 22b of the guide portion 22 formed in the path area 21 guides the input member moving between each input area, making it possible to move from one input area to another input area via the path area without visually checking the operation panel, thereby improving the operability of the input device 10.

[0042] Furthermore, the detection circuit 60 can detect a contact or proximity input in the first input area 31 using the first input sensor 33 provided below the first input area 31, and then start executing a process to detect shear force using the shear force sensor 30. Therefore, when there is no input in the first input area 31, the shear force sensor 30 can be put into a sleep state, thereby reducing power consumption.

[0043] Furthermore, in a state where the detection circuit 60 detects a contact input made to the first input area 31 using the first input sensor 33 provided below the first input area 31, if the shear force sensor 30 does not detect a shear force exceeding a desired magnitude, the detection circuit 60 can determine that the contact input made to the first input area 31 is an unintended input. Therefore, erroneous detection by the input device is suppressed.

[0044] Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figures 7 to 9. An input device 10A according to the second embodiment of the present invention has a basic configuration in common with the input device 10 according to the first embodiment, and therefore differences will be described.

[0045] Referring to FIG. 7, the housing 70A further includes a display unit 71 that displays a screen, design, etc. in a display area 72. A support substrate 24 that overlaps the display area 72 is connected to the housing 70A via an elastic body 74 provided in the frame portion. A vibration unit 73 is further provided below the support substrate 24 and outside the display area 72. A shear force sensor 30A is provided on the support substrate 24. A detection area 34 included in the shear force sensor 30A is formed so as to overlap with a display area 72 included in the display unit 71. An operation panel 20A is provided on the shear force sensor 30A so as to overlap with the display area 72. Note that FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram, and detailed illustrations of the shapes of the uneven portion 32A and the shear force sensor 30A, the positions of their respective input areas, and electrical connections between the detection circuit 60A, the shear force sensor 30A, the display unit 71, the vibration unit 73, and the outside of the input device 10A are omitted.

[0046] 8, the detection area 34 of the shear force sensor 30A is formed so as to cover the first input area 31A, the second input area 41A, the third input area 51A, and the path area 21A, which are formed on the operation panel 20A. As long as the shear force sensor 30A and the detection circuit 60A detect the input and perform the desired function, and each area is displayed in the display area 72, the positions, number, shape, etc. of the input area and the path area 21A provided in addition to the second input area 41A may be changed as desired.

[0047] The uneven portion 32A includes a central protrusion 32Aa and peripheral protrusions 32Ab. The central protrusion 32Aa is formed on the first input area 31A so as to have a cylindrical shape centered at the center of the first input area 31A. The peripheral protrusions 32Ab are formed at a predetermined distance from the center of the first input area 31A so as to have triangles on the top, bottom, left, and right sides in a plan view in order to more accurately detect shear forces acting in the respective directions of the first input area 31A. The peripheral protrusions 32Ab are arranged so that their bases point toward the central protrusion 32Aa and their vertices point toward either the top, bottom, left, or right. The cross-sectional shape of the uneven portion 32A will be described with reference to FIG. 9. The cross-sectional shape of the peripheral protrusion 32Ab has a triangular shape. The triangle in the cross section of the peripheral protrusion 32Ab is formed so that the angle of the interior angle on the central protrusion 32Aa side is larger than the angle of the interior angle on the other side at the corners of both ends of the side that contacts the top surface of the operation panel 20A. The height of the top surface of the central protrusion 32Aa, which has a cylindrical shape, is formed to be lower than the height of the apex of the peripheral protrusion 32Ab.

[0048] 7, shear force sensor 30A is a sheet-like shear force sensor provided under operation panel 20A so as to overlap display area 72. Shear force sensor 30A can detect the position, direction, magnitude, in-plane distribution, etc. of at least one of shear force and pressure input to operation panel 20A above detection area 34 by an input member such as a finger. Shear force sensor 30A can detect the contact of an input member with detection area 34, which includes first input area 31A, second input area 41A, third input area 51A, etc., and the input position, and therefore also functions as a first input sensor, a second input sensor, and a third input sensor.

[0049] The detection circuit 60A detects a change in the capacitance of the shear force sensor 30A to detect a contact input by an input member into the detection area 34 of the shear force sensor 30A, as well as the position, direction, magnitude, and in-plane distribution of at least one of the shear force and the pressing force. The detection circuit 60A also transmits a signal corresponding to the detected input to the outside of the input device 10A.

[0050] The display unit 71 displays the first input area 31A, the second input area 41A, the third input area 51A, the path area 21A, etc. in a display area 72 so that they can be distinguished from other areas and so that the functions executed by input into each area and the results of executing the functions can be distinguished. The display unit 71 displays, for example, operation icons and patterns, indications that distinguish each area, still images such as text, and moving images in the display area 72. The display area 72 is visible through the operation panel 20A, the shear force sensor 30A, and the support member 24. Depending on the application of the input device 10A, the display unit 71 may display operation icons and patterns, still images such as text, and moving images in the display area 72.

[0051] The display unit 71 is not particularly limited as long as it can perform a desired display in the display area 72. For example, it may be a display device such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) or an organic EL display. In the input device 10A, a liquid crystal display is used for the display unit 71.

[0052] Vibration unit 73 is directly connected to the bottom of support member 24. The vibrations generated by vibration unit 73 are transmitted to operation panel 20A via support member 24 and shear force sensor 30A. However, vibration unit 73 may be indirectly connected to support member 24 or the like as long as it can transmit vibrations to operation panel 20A.

[0053] The vibration unit 73 applies vibrations to the operation panel 20A in response to control or signals from the detection circuit 60A or from an external device, indicating that an input has been made to each input area or that a function corresponding to the input has been executed or changed. For example, the vibration unit 73 can change the amplitude, wavelength, waveform, etc. of the vibrations it generates in response to the area or position where the input is detected, the direction and size of the detected input, the time of input, the execution of a function, or a change in the executed function. The vibration method and configuration of the vibration unit 73 are not particularly limited as long as the desired vibration can be applied to the operation panel 20A. For example, the vibration unit 73 may be an electromagnetic vibration element such as a linear resonant actuator (LRA), a piezoelectric vibration element, an eccentric motor, or the like.

[0054] When the input member is in contact with the path area 21A, the vibration applied to the operation panel 20A by the vibration unit 73 is changed. The tactile sensation transmitted to the input member via the operation panel 20A changes, so that the contact of the input member with the path area 21A is identified by the tactile sensation, so as to guide the input member moving between the areas. Note that the vibration may also be changed when the input member is not in contact with the path area 21A.

[0055] The elastic body 74 is provided to connect the housing 70A and the support member 24 so as not to interfere with the vibration of the vibration unit 73 provided below the support substrate 24. The material and mounting position of the elastic body 74 are not particularly limited as long as they do not interfere with the vibration of the vibration unit 73 and the operation panel 20A. The elastic body 74 may be, for example, a soft member mainly containing an elastomer such as silicone, a foam mainly containing a urethane material, or a spring. In the input device 10A, a molded product mainly containing silicone rubber is used for the elastic body 74.

[0056] In the input device 10A according to the second embodiment, the first input area 31A has a surface unevenness 32A, and the first input area 31A has an elastic modulus of 1 GPa or more. This increases the coefficient of friction of the first input area 31A and reduces tack. This effectively transmits horizontal inputs made by the input member to the shear force sensor 30A, while reducing unpleasant tactile sensations associated with the input.

[0057] Furthermore, the coefficient of friction in the direction in which shear force is to be detected by shear force sensor 30A is greater than the coefficient of friction in other directions due to unevenness 32A formed in first input area 31A where input is made in the horizontal direction. Therefore, the input of shear force in the direction in which detection is to be made by the input member is more easily transmitted to shear force sensor 30A via operation panel 20A, improving the detection accuracy of shear force in the direction in which detection is to be made.

[0058] Furthermore, the peripheral convex portion 32Ab allows the user to identify the direction in which shear force is to be detected by the shear force sensor 30A by touch, thereby improving the operability of the input device 10A. Also, the coefficient of friction in other directions in the first input area 31A can be reduced, improving the tactile feel of the operation panel.

[0059] Furthermore, since the input device 10A includes the display unit 71 having the display area 72 and the shear force sensor 30A having the detection area 34, the second input area 41A, the third input area 51A, and other input areas can be arranged as desired within the display area 72 and the detection area 34. The display unit 71 can also display the functions executed by input and the results of executing the functions in the display area 72 so that they can be identified. This improves the operability of the input device 10A.

[0060] Furthermore, the input device 10A is equipped with a vibration unit 73, which can apply vibrations to the operation panel 20A in response to input by the input member or the contact position on the operation panel 20A, making it possible to operate the operation panel 20A without visually checking it, thereby improving operability.

[0061] In the input device 10A according to the second embodiment described above, no design layer is formed on the operation panel 20A or the support member 24. However, a design layer may be further provided. The design layer allows the design to be seen even when the display unit 71 is not displaying anything in the display area 72. Furthermore, the design layer can display a design that assists in the display of the display area 72.

[0062] Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figures 10 to 14. An input device 10B according to the third embodiment of the present invention has a basic configuration in common with the input device 10 according to the first embodiment, and therefore differences will be described.

[0063] Referring to FIG. 10 , the input device 10B has a design layer 23B formed on an operation panel 20B. On the design layer 23B, a first input area 31B with an uneven portion 32B, a second input area 41B with an uneven portion 42B, a third input area 51B with an uneven portion 52B, and a path area 21B with a guide portion 22B are formed. Below the operation panel 20B, a shear force sensor 30B is provided so as to overlap the first input area 31B, a second input sensor 40B is provided so as to overlap the second input area 41B, and a third input sensor 50B is provided so as to overlap the third input area 51B. Below the operation panel 20B, a support substrate 24B is provided so as to cover the shear force sensor 30B, the second input sensor 40B, and the third input sensor 50B. The support substrate 24B is connected to a frame portion of a housing 70B. 10 is a schematic diagram, and detailed illustrations of the respective uneven portions, the guide portion 22B, the respective sensors, the electrical connections between the detection circuit 60B and the respective sensors, the positions of the respective regions, etc. are omitted.

[0064] A known shear force sensor capable of detecting shear force and pressure is used as the shear force sensor 30B. In the shear force sensor 30B, input from an input member such as a finger is applied to the first input area 31B of the operation panel 20B and transmitted via the operation panel 20B to the shear force sensor 30B supported on the support substrate 24B. The shear force sensor 30B can detect contact and pressure of the input member on the first input area 31B, and therefore also functions as a first input sensor.

[0065] The second input sensor 40B and the third input sensor 50B are pressure sensors that detect capacitance. An input from an input member is applied to the second input area 41B or the third input area 51B of the operation panel 20B and transmitted via the operation panel 20B to the second input sensor 40B or the third input sensor 50B, respectively, supported on the support substrate 24B. The detection circuit 60B detects the magnitude of the pressure using the second input sensor 40B or the third input sensor 50B. However, the type and detection method of the second input sensor 40B and the third input sensor 50B are not particularly limited as long as they can detect the desired pressure, contact, etc. Furthermore, the second input sensor 40B and the third input sensor 50B may also be used to detect desired inputs such as shear force. For example, a pressure sensor such as a load cell, a strain gauge, a piezoelectric element, or a pressure-sensitive resistance type (a type that detects changes in electrical resistance), as well as a touch sensor or a shear force sensor, may be used.

[0066] Referring to FIG. 11 , the uneven portion 42B is formed on the second input area 41B as a cylindrical convex portion with its bottom surface centered at the center of the second input area 41B and covered by the second input area 41B. Like the uneven portion 42B, the uneven portion 52B is formed on the third input area 51B as a cylindrical convex portion. However, the shape, width, height, and contact area with the input member of the uneven portion 42B and the uneven portion 52B are not particularly limited as long as the second input sensor 40B and the third input sensor 50B can detect an input to the second input area 41B or the third input area 51B, respectively, by contact with the input member. For example, the uneven portion 42B and the uneven portion 52B may be convex portions in the shape of a hemisphere, a rectangular parallelepiped, a cone, or the like.

[0067] In guide portion 22B, point-like protrusions 22B are formed so as to surround path region 21 B. Referring to Fig. 14, point-like protrusions 22B are formed so as to have a hemispherical shape.

[0068] In the input device 10B according to the third embodiment, the uneven portion 32B, the uneven portion 42B, the uneven portion 52B, and the guide portion 22B are formed on the design layer 23B. Therefore, these do not need to be formed in the process of forming the operation panel 20B. Therefore, the method of forming the operation panel 20B, the uneven portion 32B, the uneven portion 42B, the uneven portion 52B, and the guide portion 22B can be selected as desired.

[0069] Additionally, a shear force sensor 30B for detecting a pressing force is provided below the operation panel 20B so as to overlap the first input area 31B. A concave-convex portion 32B is formed above the first input area 31B. The pressing force input to the first input area 31B is concentrated at a central convex portion 32Ba of the concave-convex portion 32B and transmitted to the shear force sensor 30B, improving the accuracy of detecting the pressing force. In the second input area 41B and the third input area 51B, similar to the first input area 31B, the pressing force is concentrated at the concave-convex portion 42B or the concave-convex portion 52B, respectively, improving the accuracy of detecting the pressing force.

[0070] Furthermore, since the guide portion 22B is formed so as to surround the path area 21B, even if the input member, ie, a finger, is placed on a place other than the input area when no input operation is being performed, the possibility of the finger slipping is reduced. For example, when the input device 10B is mounted on the steering wheel 11, the possibility of the driver's finger slipping from the operation panel 20B can be reduced even when the driver is not operating the input device.

[0071] Furthermore, since guide portion 22B is formed so as to surround path region 21B, the input member moving between the respective input regions is guided. Also, since uneven portion 22B is not formed inside path region 21B, the input member can move smoothly, improving the tactile sensation.

[0072] Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figures 15 to 19. An input device 10C according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention has a basic configuration in common with the input device 10B according to the third embodiment, and therefore differences will be described.

[0073] The uneven portion 32C is formed in a semi-ellipsoid shape. Referring to Fig. 15, the uneven portion 32C has elliptical convex portions formed on the first input area 31C at equal intervals with desired intervals radially from the center of the first input area 31C. The uneven portion 32C is arranged such that the major axis of the ellipse surrounds the center of the first input area 31C. Referring to Fig. 18, the cross-sectional shape of the uneven portion 32C is semi-ellipsoidal.

[0074] The path area 21C is formed on the operation panel 20C and the design layer 23C so as to connect the first input area 31C, the second input area 41C, and the third input area 51C, respectively. The path area 21C has a guide portion 22C formed in an elliptical shape with a major axis aligned with the extension direction of the path area 21C. Referring to FIG. 19, the cross-sectional shape of the guide portion 22C is semi-elliptical.

[0075] In the input device 10C according to the fourth embodiment, island-shaped protrusions such as cylinders or semi-ellipsoids are formed on the operation panel 20C, which makes it difficult for foreign matter such as sweat droplets, sebum, and dust to accumulate on the operation panel 20C. Because foreign matter is unlikely to adhere to the operation panel 20C, the good appearance of the operation panel 20C is not easily impaired, and the detection capabilities of each sensor are also not easily impaired.

[0076] Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Fig. 20 to Fig. 22. An input device 10D according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention has a basic configuration in common with the input device 10 according to the first embodiment, and therefore differences will be described.

[0077] Referring to Fig. 20, an input device 10D has a first input area 31D, a second input area 41D, and a third input area 51D formed on an operation panel 20D. A path area 21D is formed to include an area connecting the respective input areas. A guide portion 22D is formed as a streak-like convex portion along the path area 21D to guide an input member moving between the respective input areas. Referring to Fig. 21, the cross-sectional shape of the guide portion 22D includes an inclined portion formed so that the inside of the path area 21D is higher than the outside of the path area 21D.

[0078] In the input device 10D according to the fifth embodiment, the guide portion 22D can be formed with a small area, which reduces costs related to materials and manufacturing, and makes it difficult for the good appearance of the operation panel 20D to be impaired.

[0079] Next, a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figures 23 and 24. An input device 10E according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention has a basic configuration in common with the input device 10D according to the fifth embodiment, and therefore differences will be described.

[0080] 23 and 24, in an input device 10E, a design layer 23E is formed on an operation panel 20E, an uneven portion 32E, and a guide portion 22E. The design layer 23E has an elastic modulus of 1 GPa or more.

[0081] In the input device 10E according to the sixth embodiment, the operation panel 20E, the concave-convex portion 32E, and the guide portion 22E can be formed by injection molding using a mold, thereby reducing the manufacturing costs.

[0082] Next, a seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figures 25 to 27. An input device 10F according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention has a basic configuration in common with the input device 10 according to the first embodiment, and therefore differences will be described.

[0083] 25, a path area 21F is formed on an operation panel 20F, and includes a first input area 31F, a second input area 41F, a third input area 51F, and an area connecting the respective input areas. A guide portion 22F is provided in the path area 21F so as to surround the path area 21F and guide an input member moving between the respective input areas.

[0084] The guide portion 22F is formed with a strip-like outer peripheral convex portion 22Fa formed to surround the path region 21F, and a linear inner convex portion 22Fb that guides the input member moving between the respective input regions. The guide portion 22F is formed so as not to come into contact with the input member when the input member is in contact with the first input region 31F. Referring to FIG. 26, the cross-sectional shape of the outer peripheral convex portion 22Fa includes an inclined portion formed so that the inside of the path region 21F is higher than the outside of the path region 21F. The cross-sectional shape of the inner convex portion 22Fb is formed in a semicircular shape.

[0085] In the input device 10F according to the seventh embodiment, the guide portion 22F is formed to be sufficiently spaced from the first input region 31F so as not to be contacted by the input member when the input member is in contact with the first input region 31F. This reduces the contact area of ​​the input member and improves the tactile sensation.

[0086] Next, an eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figures 28 and 29. An input device 10G according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention has a basic configuration in common with the input device 10 according to the first embodiment, and therefore differences will be described.

[0087] 28, the uneven portion 32G formed on the operation panel 20G and the first input area 31G has linear convex portions formed so as to intersect with the direction in which shear force is to be detected (the left-right direction in FIG. 28). Referring to FIG. 29, the cross section of the linear convex portions is formed in a semicircular shape.

[0088] In the input device 10G according to the eighth embodiment, the coefficient of friction in the direction in which shear force is to be detected is greater than the coefficient of friction in other directions. Therefore, the input of shear force in the direction in which shear force is to be detected by the input member is more easily transmitted to the shear force sensor via the operation panel 20G, improving the detection accuracy of the shear force in the direction in which shear force is to be detected. Furthermore, the direction in which shear force is to be detected by the shear force sensor can be identified by tactile sensation, improving the operability of the input device.

[0089] In the above embodiments, the shear force sensor is provided below the operation panel. However, as long as the shear force can be transmitted, the shear force sensor may be provided to the side or above the operation panel. This increases the degree of freedom in the shape of each component and the mounting arrangement on the input device and housing.

[0090] In each of the above embodiments, the shear force sensor detects the magnitude and direction of the shear force. However, the shear force sensor may also detect a desired input. For example, the shear force sensor may also detect the magnitude of the pressing force. Because the input device can detect a desired input, a variety of functions can be realized and operability is improved.

[0091] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, each input area is provided in a circular shape. However, the shape of the input area is not particularly limited. For example, the shape of the input area may be rectangular, polygonal, elliptical, or the like. This increases the degree of freedom in designing the operation panel.

[0092] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, the shape of the uneven portion provided on the first input area is described. However, as long as the uneven portion has a sufficient friction coefficient to transmit shear force from the input member to the shear force sensor, the shape, width, height, etc. of the uneven portion in plan view and cross-sectional view are not particularly limited. For example, the shape of the uneven portion may be, in plan view, minute dot-like unevenness, spiral-shaped streaks of convex portions, or concave portions of a desired shape. The shape of the uneven portion may be, in cross-sectional view, rectangular or polygonal.

[0093] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, the first input region has an elastic modulus of 1 GPa or more, thereby reducing the unpleasant tactile sensation. However, if a friction coefficient sufficient for transmitting shear force is obtained, the contact area between an input member such as a finger and the uneven portion formed in the first input region may be reduced. For example, the uneven portion may have an inclined portion in cross-sectional view or may be formed in a dotted shape in plan view. Since the contact area between the input member and the uneven portion is reduced, the unpleasant tactile sensation is further reduced.

[0094] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, the uneven portions formed in the first input area, the second input area, and the third input area, and the guide portion formed in the path area may be formed as part of the display by the design layer or the display unit, or as part of the appearance of the operation panel. For example, these uneven portions may be colored or formed in a shape that casts shadows when exposed to light from the outside or the display unit. Because these uneven portions are included in at least part of the display and appearance, the appearance of the operation panel can be improved.

[0095] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, the operation panel is formed of a material having an elastic modulus of 1 GPa or more. However, it is sufficient that the outermost surface of the first input area has an elastic modulus of 1 GPa or more. For example, a member having an elastic modulus of 1 GPa or more may be further provided on the first input area, or a coating agent may be further applied. Since the surface of the first input area has an elastic modulus of 1 GPa or more, the selection of the material for the operation panel becomes easier.

[0096] Furthermore, in the first embodiment described above, the input device 10 can be installed as an in-vehicle input device incorporated into a steering wheel 11 or the like. However, the input devices of each embodiment can be installed not only in-vehicle applications, but also in, for example, controllers for game consoles and operation panels of home appliances. The input device can detect and identify a variety of inputs, such as the magnitude and direction of shear force, the magnitude of pressing force, and the proximity or contact of an input member. Therefore, devices equipped with the input device can be made smaller and more user-friendly. [Explanation of symbols]

[0097] 10 Input Devices 20 Operation Panel 21 Pathway Area 22 Guidance part 30 Shear force sensor 31 First input area 32 Uneven part 33 First input sensor 40 Second input sensor 41 Second input area

Claims

1. an operation panel having a first input area in which input is made in a horizontal direction; a shear force sensor connected to the operation panel that detects a horizontal input to the first input area; the first input area has an uneven surface and an elastic modulus of 1 GPa or more; Input device.

2. a first input sensor provided below the operation panel for detecting an input to the first input area; The input device according to claim 1 .

3. the operation panel further includes a second input area; a second input sensor provided below the operation panel for detecting an input to the second input area; The input device according to claim 1 .

4. the operation panel further includes a path area connecting the first input area and the second input area; The path area has a guide portion formed to guide an input member moving between the first input area and the second input area. The input device according to claim 3 .

5. the operation panel further includes a path area including the first input area, the second input area, and an area connecting the first input area and the second input area; the path area has a guide portion formed to guide an input member moving between the first input area and the second input area, The guide portion is formed so as to surround the path area. The input device according to claim 3 .

6. The input device according to claim 1 , wherein the coefficient of friction in one direction in the first input area is greater than the coefficient of friction in another direction.

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