Building material

Abstract

To provide a building material that allows a wood material that covers at least a part of a steel material to function as a structural material even after a fire.SOLUTION: There are a wood material 20 with fire-proof function and a steel material 10 at least partly covered by the wood material (20), there is no fireproof layer surrounding the wood material 20, and the remaining unburned portion CB, which is the portion of the wood material 20 excluding the portion that is carbonized by the fire, bears the load applied to the steel material 10 so as to suppress buckling of the steel material 10.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to building components. [Background technology]

[0002] Wood materials have been used for fire-resistant coating of steel. Patent Document 1 discloses that wooden materials are attached to H-shaped steel beams so that they are sandwiched between them from both sides. The thickness of the covering of these wooden materials is designed to be fire-stopping. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-130021 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, Patent Document 1 does not anticipate that these wooden materials will function as structural materials after a fire.

[0005] The present disclosure has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned circumstances, and aims to provide a building component that allows wood covering at least a portion of steel to function as a structural material even after a fire. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] <1> A building component according to aspect 1 of the present invention comprises wood having a fire-retardant function and steel material at least partially covered by the wood, and is characterized in that it does not have a non-combustible layer surrounding the wood, and the remaining portion of the wood, excluding the portion that has been carbonized by the fire, bears the load applied to the steel material so as to suppress buckling of the steel material. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a building component in which wood covering at least a portion of a steel material can function as a structural material even after a fire. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] 1 is a partially cutaway front view of a building component according to an embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. 2. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 2. [Figure 5] 4 is a first modified example of the cross-sectional view shown in FIG. 3. [Figure 6] 5 is a first modified example of the cross-sectional view shown in FIG. [Figure 7] 4 is a second modification of the cross-sectional view shown in FIG. 3. [Figure 8] 5 is a second modification of the cross-sectional view shown in FIG. [Figure 9] FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway front view of a second building component according to the embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a plan view of the second building component. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XI-XI in FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] (First embodiment) Hereinafter, a construction member according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. The construction member according to this embodiment is provided as a reinforcing member in buildings such as gymnasiums and commercial facilities. FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway front view of a building component 1 according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the construction member 1. As shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, a construction member 1 according to this embodiment includes a steel material 10, a piece of wood 20, a transmission means 30, and a wooden plug 40.

[0010] The steel material 10 is a plate-shaped member made of steel. Both ends of the steel material 10 are joined to structural parts such as pillars and beams of a building by bolting or the like. In this way, the building member 1 is attached to the building. Hereinafter, in describing each component of the building component 1, directions may be referred to as a thickness direction D1, a width direction D2, and a longitudinal direction D3, with the steel material 10 as the reference. In particular, for the thickness direction D1 and the width direction D2, the side facing the steel material 10 will be referred to as the inside, and the side facing away from the steel material 10 will be referred to as the outside. The steel material 10 is the main structure of the building member 1 and ensures its strength. The steel material 10 is formed, for example, from a strip-shaped steel plate. The steel material 10 preferably has a dimension (plate thickness) in the thickness direction D1 of 6 mm to 28 mm, a dimension in the width direction D2 of 130 mm to 575 mm, and a dimension in the longitudinal direction D3 of 1500 mm to 7500 mm. Dimensions other than those listed above may also be determined as appropriate as necessary.

[0011] As shown in Fig. 3 or 4, the steel material 10 has bolt holes 11 formed therein. A plurality of bolt holes 11 are provided at intervals along the longitudinal direction D3. As shown in Fig. 3 or 4, the bolt holes 11 are formed so as to penetrate the steel material 10 in the thickness direction D1. The size of the bolt holes 11 is such that, for example, a bolt for fixing the wooden piece 20 can be inserted therethrough. Note that the size of the bolt holes 11 is preferably determined taking into consideration, for example, variations in the position of the bolts for fixing the wooden piece 20. The steel material 10 is at least partially covered with the wooden piece 20. More specifically, in this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, both ends of the steel material 10 in the longitudinal direction D3 are exposed, and the middle part is covered with the wooden piece 20. This makes both ends of the exposed steel material 10 joinable to building components.

[0012] The wooden piece 20 covers at least a portion of the steel material 10. More specifically, as shown in Fig. 2, the wooden piece 20 covers the middle portion of the steel material 10 in the longitudinal direction D3. The wooden piece 20 covers the portions of the steel material 10 located at both ends in the longitudinal direction D3, excluding the joints to the building. As shown in Fig. 3 or 4, two wooden pieces 20 are provided for the steel material 10. Specifically, a pair of wooden pieces 20 are provided on both sides of the steel material 10 in the thickness direction D1. In other words, the steel material 10 is sandwiched between the two wooden pieces 20. As a result, the wooden pieces 20 increase the rigidity of the steel material 10 in the out-of-plane direction (weak axis direction). In other words, by sandwiching the steel material 10 between the wooden pieces 20, buckling of the steel material 10 is suppressed.

[0013] Furthermore, the wooden material 20 also contributes to improving the design of the external appearance of the building member 1 by, for example, making the steel material 10 invisible from the outside. As described above, by providing a pair of wooden pieces 20 on both side surfaces of the steel material 10 in the thickness direction D1, at least both side surfaces of the steel material 10 in the thickness direction D1 are covered. In this embodiment, the following three examples are given as structures for covering both side surfaces of the steel material 10 in the width direction D2 with wooden pieces 20.

[0014] As a first example of a structure covering both side surfaces of the steel material 10 in the width direction D2, as shown in Fig. 3 or 4, a splice 21 is provided between the wooden pieces 20 provided on both side surfaces of the steel material 10. The splice 21 is arranged in a portion between the two wooden pieces 20 provided as a pair where the steel material 10 is not located. The portion where the steel material 10 is not located refers to the gap that occurs between the wooden pieces 20 on both side surfaces of the steel material 10 in the width direction D2. By providing the splice 21 in this portion, the steel material 10 is prevented from being exposed on the outer peripheral surface of the building component 1.

[0015] As shown in Figure 3 or Figure 4, the joint material 21 is in contact with the steel material 10. Specifically, the joint material 21 is attached so as to be in close contact with the side surface of the steel material 10 in the width direction D2. By attaching it in this manner, the wooden piece 20 and the joint material 21 comprehensively cover the periphery of the steel material 10. This eliminates the gap between the wooden piece 20 and the steel material 10, preventing hot air from entering the gap and creating a structure in which heat is less likely to propagate to the steel material 10. The joint 21 is fixed to the wood 20 by, for example, an adhesive. Alternatively, the joint 21 may be fixed to the wood 20 by, for example, a nail or the like (not shown).

[0016] FIG. 5 is a first modification of the cross-sectional view shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is a first modification of the cross-sectional view shown in FIG. As a second example of a structure for covering both side surfaces of the steel material 10 in the width direction D2, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a recess 20D for accommodating the steel material 10 may be provided in each of two wooden pieces 20 provided in a pair. In this case, the depth of the recess 20D provided in each of the two wooden pieces 20 is preferably at least half the thickness of the steel material 10. This ensures that both side surfaces of the steel material 10 in the width direction D2 are reliably covered. Furthermore, the shape of the recess 20D is preferably such that no gap is formed between the steel material 10 and the recess 20D when the wooden pieces 20 are placed on both sides of the steel material 10 in the thickness direction D1. This prevents hot air from entering the gap, resulting in a structure that makes it difficult for heat to propagate to the steel material 10. 5 and 6, in the second example, the wooden pieces 20 contact each other near the ends of the steel material 10 in the width direction D2. At this time, adhesive may be applied between the wooden pieces 20. This preferably prevents gaps from being formed between the wooden pieces 20 and makes the steel material 10 less susceptible to heat propagation.

[0017] FIG. 7 is a second modification of the cross-sectional view shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is a second modification of the cross-sectional view shown in FIG. As a third example of a structure for covering both side surfaces of the steel material 10 in the width direction D2, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, a recess 20D for accommodating the steel material 10 may be provided in one of two wooden pieces 20 provided in a pair. In this case, the depth of the recess 20D is preferably equal to or greater than the thickness of the steel material 10. This ensures that both side surfaces of the steel material 10 in the width direction D2 are reliably covered. Furthermore, the shape of the recess 20D is preferably such that no gap is formed between the steel material 10 and the recess 20D when the wooden pieces 20 are placed on both sides of the steel material 10 in the thickness direction D1. This prevents hot air from entering the gap, resulting in a structure that makes it difficult for heat to propagate to the steel material 10. 7 and 8, in the third example, the wooden pieces 20 contact each other near the ends of the steel material 10 in the width direction D2. At this time, adhesive may be applied between the wooden pieces 20. This preferably prevents gaps from being formed between the wooden pieces 20 and makes it difficult for heat to propagate through the steel material 10.

[0018] In the building member 1 according to this embodiment, the wooden material 20 has a fire-stopping function. That is, by sandwiching the steel material 10 between the wooden material 20, the steel material 10 is prevented from being exposed to the outside. This prevents the steel material 10 from being directly heated in the event of a fire. Furthermore, in the event of a fire, the wooden material 20 carbonizes (burns) first, delaying the heat input to the steel material 10. This delays the decrease in the buckling stress of the steel material 10. For example, laminated wood is preferably used for the wooden piece 20. For example, larch or Douglas fir is preferably used for the laminated wood. However, without being limited to these, wood with a density of 0.4 g / cm or more is preferably used. Furthermore, the wooden piece 20 may be impregnated with a fire retardant liquid.

[0019] Hereinafter, as shown in Figure 3 or Figure 4, the area of ​​the wooden piece 20 that will be carbonized when the building component 1 is left under the required fire resistance conditions will be referred to as the carbonization area CA. The carbonization area CA is located from the outer periphery of the wooden piece 20 toward the inside. The portion of the wooden piece 20 excluding the portion carbonized by fire, i.e., the portion of the wooden piece 20 other than the carbonization area CA, will be referred to as the unburned portion CB. As shown in Figure 3 or Figure 4, the boundary between the carbonization area CA and the unburned portion CB will be referred to as the boundary CL.

[0020] In this embodiment, the unburned remains CB of the two wooden pieces 20 sandwiching the steel material 10 bear the load applied to the steel material 10. That is, even after the wooden pieces 20 are carbonized by a fire, the unburned remains CB bears the load applied to the steel material 10. This allows the wooden pieces 20 to maintain their function of suppressing buckling of the steel material 10, even after a fire, and the building component 1 to maintain its function of reinforcing the building. The structure of the construction member 1 according to this embodiment that enables the unburned remains CB to bear the load applied to the steel material 10 will be described later.

[0021] Through holes 20h and countersunk holes 20H that penetrate in the thickness direction D1 are formed in the wooden piece 20. As shown in Fig. 3 or 4, the through holes 20h and countersunk holes 20H are provided from the surface of the wooden piece 20 that contacts the steel material 10 toward the outside in the thickness direction D1. A first transmission means 31 and a second transmission means 32, which will be described later, are disposed in the through holes 20h. The through holes 20h include a first through hole 20h1 in which the first transmission means 31 is disposed and a second through hole 20h2 in which the second transmission means 32 is disposed. Hereinafter, when there is no need to distinguish between these, they will be referred to as the through holes 20h. One end of the through hole 20h is located on the surface of the wooden piece 20 that contacts the steel material 10. The other end of the through hole 20h is connected to one end of the countersunk hole 20H. In this embodiment, the countersunk hole 20H that is connected to the first through hole 20h1 will be referred to as the first countersunk hole 20H1. The countersunk hole 20H that is connected to the second through hole 20h2 will be referred to as the second countersunk hole 20H2. Hereinafter, when there is no need to distinguish between these, they will be referred to as the countersunk hole 20H. One end of the countersunk hole 20H is connected to the other end of the through hole 20h, and the other end is located on the outer surface in the thickness direction D1 of the wooden piece 20. The countersunk hole 20H has an inner diameter large enough to accommodate, for example, the first bolt B1 and first nut N1 of the first transmission means 31, and the second bolt 32a and second nut 32b of the second transmission means 32.

[0022] The transmission means 30 transmits the load applied from the building to the steel material 10 to the unburned part CB. For this reason, the transmission means 30 is disposed inside the unburned part CB, as shown in Figures 3 and 4. This allows the unburned part CB to bear the load applied to the steel material 10. The transmission means 30 includes first transmission means 31 and second transmission means 32. In the building member 1, the first transmission means 31 are arranged alternately along the longitudinal direction D3. In this case, for example, if the length of the building member 1 is long, the intervals between the first transmission means 31 may become wide. In such a case, second transmission means 32 are provided to complement the intervals between the first transmission means 31. A plurality of first transmission means 31 may be arranged between the second transmission means 32. Furthermore, a plurality of second transmission means 32 may be arranged between the first transmission means 31.

[0023] The first transmission means 31 is a hollow member. More specifically, the first transmission means 31 is a cylindrical member. The first transmission means 31 is disposed inside the first through hole 20h1. The first transmission means 31 may be provided around the end of the wooden piece 20 in the longitudinal direction D3, or multiple first transmission means 31 may be provided at intervals. The same applies to the first through hole 20h1 of the wooden piece 20 and the bolt hole 11 of the steel material 10. For example, the first transmission means 31 preferably has a height of 30 mm to 50 mm, an outer diameter of 50 mm, and an inner diameter of 22 mm. In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the first transmission means 31 is larger than the inner diameter of the first through hole 20h1. The height of the first transmission means 31 is the dimension in the thickness direction D1. The height of the first transmission means 31 is determined appropriately according to the axial dimension of the first through hole 20h1 of the wooden piece 20. The cylindrical side surface of the first transmission means 31 contacts the wooden piece 20, and one end surface contacts the steel material 10. Press-fitting is preferably used when disposing the first transmission means 31 inside the first through hole 20h1 of the wooden piece 20. This reliably prevents play from occurring between the wooden piece 20 and the first transmission means 31. For this reason, it is preferable that the inner diameter of the first through hole 20h1 is large enough to allow the first transmission means 31 to be press-fitted.

[0024] In this embodiment, the first transmission means 31 is cylindrical. The first bolt B1 is disposed inside the cylinder. Alternatively, the first transmission means 31 does not have to be cylindrical, and may be polygonal, as long as an area for disposing the first bolt B1 can be secured. For example, SS400 is preferably used for the first transmission means 31.

[0025] When the first transmission means 31 is placed inside the first through hole 20h1 of the wooden piece 20, one end of the first transmission means 31 contacts the steel material 10, and the other end protrudes from the first through hole 20h1. In addition, one end of the first transmission means 31 is placed so as to be flush with the wooden piece 20. As a result, when the wooden piece 20 is placed on a side surface in the thickness direction D1, one end of the cylindrical first transmission means 31 contacts the steel material 10. The side surface where the first transmission means 31 and the steel material 10 contact is referred to as the friction surface 12. The slip coefficient of the friction surface 12 is set to be 0.4 or more.

[0026] As shown in Figure 3, the other end of the first transmission means 31 is chamfered. Hereinafter, this portion will be referred to as the chamfered portion 31c. If the first transmission means 31 does not have the chamfered portion 31c, the edge of the first transmission means 31 may interfere with the inside of the first through hole 20h1 of the wooden piece 20 when the first transmission means 31 is inserted into the wooden piece 20, damaging the inner surface of the first through hole 20h1. It is preferable to avoid this problem by providing the chamfered portion 31c.

[0027] As described above, the first bolt B1 is disposed inside the first transmission means 31. The first bolt B1 is then screwed into the first nut N1 as shown in FIG. 3 . That is, the wooden piece 20 and the steel material 10 are fixed together by, for example, the first bolt B1. Specifically, when the first bolt B1 is inserted into the first transmission means 31 and the first bolt B1 and the first nut N1 are tightened, the first transmission means 31 provided on the wooden pieces 20 disposed on both sides of the steel material 10 are pressed against the steel material 10. As a result, the wooden piece 20 is fixed in close contact with the steel material 10. The first bolt B1 is preferably a high-strength bolt, for example. When fastening the first bolt B1 and the first nut N1, it is preferable to control the fastening torque. As shown in FIG. 3, a washer W may be provided between the first bolt B1 and the first transmission means 31, and between the first nut N1 and the first transmission means 31.

[0028] 4, the second transmission means 32 penetrates the steel material 10 and the wooden material 20 in the thickness direction D1 and secures the steel material 10 and the wooden material 20 by sandwiching them in the thickness direction D1. The second transmission means 32 includes a second bolt 32a and a second nut 32b. That is, the wooden material 20 and the steel material 10 are secured together by the first bolt B1 and the second bolt 32a via the first transmission means 31, and are also secured together by the second bolt 32a and the second nut 32b included in the second transmission means 32. The second bolt 32a is arranged to pass through the second through-hole 20h2 of the wooden piece 20 and the bolt hole 11 of the steel material 10. For example, a medium bolt is preferably used as the second bolt 32a. The second nut 32b tightens the second bolt 32a. This fixes and integrates the wooden piece 20 and the steel material 10. When fastening the second bolt 32a, which is a medium bolt, to the second nut 32b, it is preferable to manage the fastening torque. The second transmission means 32 may be provided around the end of the wooden piece 20 in the longitudinal direction D3, or multiple second transmission means 32 may be provided at intervals. The same applies to the second through-hole 20h2 of the wooden piece 20 and the bolt hole 11 of the steel material 10. As shown in FIG. 4, a washer W may be provided between the second bolt 32a and the second transmission means 32, and between the second nut 32b and the second transmission means 32, respectively.

[0029] The wooden plugs 40 are used to hide the first transmission means 31 and the second transmission means 32. The wooden plugs 40 include a first wooden plug 41 and a second wooden plug 42. Hereinafter, when there is no need to distinguish between these, they will be referred to as wooden plugs 40. The wooden plug 40 covers at least a portion of the transmission means 30 together with the wooden piece 20. The wooden plug 40 is placed inside the countersunk hole 20H. At this time, the wooden plug 40 is preferably fixed inside the countersunk hole 20H with an adhesive. The adhesive that bonds the wooden plug 40 to the wooden piece 20 is preferably an inorganic adhesive. This preferably prevents the adhesive from catching fire and more reliably makes it difficult for the wooden piece 20 and the wooden plug 40 to carbonize.

[0030] The first wooden plug 41 covers at least a part of the first transmission means 31 together with the wooden piece 20. That is, the first wooden plug 41 is placed in the first counterbore hole 20H1, for example, as shown in FIG. 3. This makes the first transmission means 31 invisible from the outside of the building member 1. The second wooden plug 42 covers at least a part of the second transmission means 32 together with the wooden piece 20. That is, the second wooden plug 42 is placed in the second counterbore 20H2, for example, as shown in FIG. 4. This makes the second transmission means 32 invisible from the outside of the building member 1.

[0031] In this embodiment, the wooden plug 40 has a fire-stopping function similar to that of the wooden piece 20. That is, the wooden plug 40 functions as part of the wooden piece 20 by being placed in the countersunk hole 20H. For this reason, it is preferable that the wooden plug 40 is made of the same material as the wooden piece 20, for example. Furthermore, in order for the wooden plug 40 to have a fire-stopping function, it is preferable that the thickness of the wooden plug 40 is at least equal to or greater than the dimension in the thickness direction D1 of the carbonization area CA of the wooden material 20. This makes it preferable that the wooden plug 40, together with the unburned portion CB of the wooden material 20, be positioned in the countersunk hole 20H even after the carbonization area CA of the wooden material 20 is carbonized. In this embodiment, the thickness of the first wooden plug 41 and the thickness of the second wooden plug 42 are the same, which is preferable to prevent any difference in the speed at which the first wooden plug 41 and the second wooden plug 42 are carbonized. In this embodiment, the wooden plug 40 includes, for example, a flame-retardant material or a non-combustible material. The flame retardant is, for example, a flame retardant chemical liquid. The non-combustible material is, for example, rock wool. The flame-retardant material or the non-combustible material is provided inside or outside the wooden plug 40. This preferably makes the wooden plug 40 less likely to be carbonized in the event of a fire.

[0032] 3 and 4, a non-combustible material RW is filled between the wooden plug 40 and the transmitting means 30. The non-combustible material RW is, for example, rock wool. By filling the space between the wooden plug 40 and the transmitting means 30 with the non-combustible material RW in this way, even if the wooden plug 40 is carbonized by a fire and falls out of the countersunk hole 20H of the wooden piece 20, the non-combustible material RW prevents the heat of the fire from being transmitted to the transmitting means 30. The construction member 1 according to this embodiment is configured by the above components.

[0033] As described above, in the building member 1 according to this embodiment, the unburned portion CB, which is the portion of the wooden material 20 covering at least a portion of the steel material 10 excluding the portion carbonized by the fire, bears the load applied to the steel material 10. This allows the wooden material 20 covering at least a portion of the steel material 10 to function as a structural material even after a fire. In other words, the unburned portion CB of the wooden material 20 can exert a buckling restraint effect on the steel material 10 even after a fire. Furthermore, the wooden material 20 can bear part of the load applied to the steel material 10.

[0034] The structure further includes a transmission means 30 for transmitting the load to the unburned remains CB. This allows the load to be transmitted more reliably from the steel material 10 to the unburned remains CB. Therefore, the wooden material 20 covering at least a portion of the steel material 10 can function more reliably as a structural material even after a fire.

[0035] The construction member 1 further includes a wooden plug 40 that covers at least a portion of the transmission means 30 together with the wooden material 20. This can prevent, for example, a loss in the design of the construction member 1 due to the transmission means 30 being exposed. The wooden plug 40 also has a fire-stopping function, which can prevent the heat of a fire from being transmitted to the transmission means 30. This can prevent a decrease in the load transmission function of the transmission means 30 from the steel material 10 to the unburned portion CB after a fire, which could be caused by, for example, the transmission means 30 being heated and deforming, or the wooden material 20 around the transmission means 30 being carbonized, causing the transmission means 30 and the wooden material 20 to become unfixed. This can therefore more reliably allow the wooden material 20 covering at least a portion of the steel material 10 to function as a structural material even after a fire.

[0036] The adhesive used to bond the wooden plug 40 to the wooden piece 20 is an inorganic adhesive. By using a non-flammable adhesive to bond the wooden plug 40 to the wooden piece 20 in this way, the fire resistance of the building member 1 can be further improved.

[0037] Furthermore, the wooden plugs 40 contain a flame-retardant or non-combustible material. This makes it easier to prevent the wooden plugs 40 from carbonizing before the wood material 20. Therefore, for example, in the event of a fire, the wooden plugs 40 can be prevented from carbonizing before the wood material 20 and falling off from the wood material 20. This more reliably ensures the wooden plugs 40's function of preventing the heat of a fire from being transmitted to the transmission means 30. Therefore, the wood material 20 covering at least a portion of the steel material 10 can more reliably function as a structural material even after a fire.

[0038] Furthermore, a non-combustible material RW is filled between the wooden plugs 40 and the transmission means 30. As a result, even if, for example, the wooden plugs 40 are carbonized before the wooden material 20 during a fire and fall off from the wooden material 20, the non-combustible material RW can prevent the heat of the fire from being transmitted to the transmission means 30. Therefore, the wooden material 20 covering at least a portion of the steel material 10 can function more reliably as a structural material even after a fire.

[0039] Furthermore, the transmission means 30 includes a first transmission means 31 and a second transmission means 32. This allows, for example, the wooden piece 20 and the steel material 10 to be more reliably attached to each other. This therefore more reliably ensures the wooden piece 20's function of restraining the steel material 10 from buckling and the wooden piece 20's function of bearing the load applied to the steel material 10. The wooden plug 40 includes a first wooden plug 41 that covers at least a portion of the first transmission means 31 together with the wood 20, and a second wooden plug 42 that covers at least a portion of the second transmission means 32 together with the wood 20. This prevents the design of the building member 1 from being impaired by the first transmission means 31 and the second transmission means 32 being exposed. Furthermore, the thickness of the first wooden plug 41 and the thickness of the second wooden plug 42 are the same. This allows, for example, the first wooden plug 41 and the second wooden plug 42 to carbonize at the same speed during a fire. This prevents a difference in the speed at which heat is transferred to the first transmitting means 31 and the second transmitting means 32 during a fire. This prevents a difference in the load transfer function between the first transmitting means 31 and the second transmitting means 32 during a fire. This prevents a local difference in the load transfer function from the steel material 10 to the wooden material 20. This allows the wooden material 20 covering at least a portion of the steel material 10 to function as a structural material more reliably, even after a fire.

[0040] The structure also includes two pieces of wood 20 with fire-stopping properties and plate-shaped steel material 10 sandwiched between the two pieces of wood 20, and the remaining unburned portions CB of the two pieces of wood 20, excluding the portions that were carbonized by the fire, bear the load applied to the steel material 10. This allows the two pieces of wood 20 sandwiching the steel material 10 to function as structural materials even after a fire. In other words, the remaining unburned portions CB of the wood 20 can exert a buckling restraint effect on the steel material 10 even after a fire.

[0041] The density of the wood 20 is 0.4 g / cm 3 This makes it possible to more reliably ensure that the wooden piece 20 will not burn.

[0042] (Second embodiment) Next, a second construction member 2 (construction member) of a second embodiment according to the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIGS. In the second embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted, with only the differences being described. Fig. 9 is a partially cutaway front view of the second building member 2 according to the embodiment. Fig. 10 is a plan view of the second building member 2. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XI-XI in FIG. In the second building member 2, the wooden piece 20 includes a first wooden piece 20A and a second wooden piece 20B. The second building member 2 further includes a gypsum board 50 in addition to the components included in the building member 1 according to the first embodiment.

[0043] The first wooden piece 20A has the same configuration as the wooden piece 20 included in the building member 1 according to the first embodiment, and therefore a description thereof will be omitted. A known gypsum board 50 is suitably used. The gypsum board 50 covers at least a portion of the first wooden piece 20A. That is, the gypsum board 50 is arranged so as to cover the outside of the first wooden piece 20A. More specifically, the gypsum board 50 is arranged so as to be in close contact with the side surfaces of the steel material 10 in the thickness direction D1 and width direction D2 of the first wooden piece 20A. The first wooden piece 20A and the gypsum board 50 are fixed together by, for example, an adhesive. The second wooden piece 20B covers at least a portion of the gypsum board 50. That is, the second wooden piece 20B is arranged so as to cover the outside of the gypsum board 50 that is arranged on the outside of the first wooden piece 20A. More specifically, the gypsum board 50 is arranged so as to be in close contact with the side surfaces of the second wooden piece 20B in the thickness direction D1 and width direction D2 of the steel material 10. The second wooden piece 20B and the gypsum board 50 are fixed together, for example, with an adhesive. For example, the second wooden piece 20B is preferably made of the same material as the first wooden piece 20A.

[0044] The second building component 2 is similar to the building component 1 in that the unburned portion CB bears the load applied to the steel material 10. In the second building component 2, the charred area CA is the second wooden piece 20B. In the second building component 2, the first wooden piece 20A and the gypsum board 50 are the unburned portion CB. That is, in the second building component 2, the first wooden piece 20A remains unburned after a fire, thereby preventing the steel material 10 from buckling. In the above points, the second building member 2 differs from the building member 1.

[0045] As described above, in the building member 1 according to the second embodiment, the gypsum board 50 covers at least a portion of the first wooden piece 20A. The second wooden piece 20B covers at least a portion of the gypsum board 50. By covering the first wooden piece 20A with the gypsum board 50 and the second wooden piece 20B in this way, the first wooden piece 20A can be made less flammable in the event of a fire. The first wooden piece 20A is the unburned portion CB. This allows the first wooden piece 20A to function more reliably as a structural material after a fire.

[0046] The technical scope of the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure. For example, although the steel material 10 has been described as being plate-shaped, this is not limiting. That is, the steel material 10 may be, for example, an H-beam. In this case, the wooden piece 20 may be provided with appropriate notches so that it can be in close contact with the steel material 10, which is an H-beam, and may be placed on both side surfaces of the steel material 10, which is an H-beam. Alternatively, the steel material 10 may be, for example, a steel bar. In this case, the wood 20 may be appropriately processed so as to be able to adhere closely to the steel material 10, which is a steel bar, and may be placed on both sides of the steel material 10, which is a steel bar. Furthermore, in the building component 1, before a fire occurs, the load applied to the steel material 10 may be borne by the charred area CA in addition to the unburned portion CB.

[0047] In addition, within the scope of the present disclosure, the components in the above-described embodiments may be replaced with well-known components as appropriate, and the above-described modified examples may be combined as appropriate. [Explanation of symbols]

[0048] 1. Building materials 2 Second Building Component 10 Steel material 11 Bolt holes 12 Friction surface 20 wood 20A 1st wood 20B 2nd wood 20h through hole 20H Countersink 20h1 1st through hole 20H1 1st countersink hole 20h2 2nd through hole 20H2 2nd countersink hole 21 Joint material 30 Means of communication 31 First means of communication 31c Chamfered part 32 Second means of communication 32a Second bolt 32b Second nut 40 wooden stopper 41 First wooden plug 42 Second wooden plug 50 plasterboard B1 First bolt CA carbonization range CB burnt remains CL boundary D1 thickness direction D2 width direction D3 Longitudinal direction N1 First nut RW noncombustible material

Claims

1. Wood with fire retardant properties; a steel material at least partially covered by the wood; Equipped with There is no fire-retardant layer surrounding the wood, The remaining wood, excluding the portion carbonized by the fire, bears the load applied to the steel material so as to suppress buckling of the steel material. A building component characterized by:

2. a transmission means for transmitting the load to the remaining part; The building element of claim 1 further comprising:

3. a wooden plug that covers at least a part of the transmission means together with the wood; Further provided with The wooden plug has a fire-retardant function.

3. A construction element according to claim 2.

4. The adhesive used to bond the wooden plug to the wood is an inorganic adhesive.

4. A building element according to claim 3.

5. The wooden plug includes a flame-retardant material or a non-flammable material.

4. A building element according to claim 3.

6. A non-combustible material is filled between the wooden plug and the transmission means.

4. A building element according to claim 3.

7. the transmission means includes first transmission means and second transmission means; The wooden plugs include a first wooden plug and a second wooden plug, The first wooden plug covers at least a part of the first transmission means together with the wood, The second wooden plug covers at least a part of the second transmission means together with the wood, The thickness of the first wooden plug and the thickness of the second wooden plug are the same.

4. A building element according to claim 3.

8. gypsum board, Further provided with the wood includes a first wood and a second wood; The first wooden piece covers at least a portion of the steel material, The gypsum board covers at least a portion of the first wooden piece, The second wood member covers at least a portion of the gypsum board, The first wood is the unburned portion.

2. The building element according to claim 1.

9. Two pieces of wood each having a through hole and a fire-retardant function; A plate-shaped steel material sandwiched between the two pieces of wood; Equipped with There is no fire-retardant layer surrounding the wood, The remaining unburned portion of the two pieces of wood, excluding the portion carbonized by the fire, bears the load applied to the steel material so as to suppress buckling of the steel material. A building component characterized by:

10. a transmission means for transmitting the load to the remaining part; a wooden plug that covers at least a part of the transmission means together with the wood; Further provided with The wooden plug has a fire-retardant function.

10. A building element according to claim 9.

11. the transmission means includes first transmission means and second transmission means; The wooden plugs include a first wooden plug and a second wooden plug, The first wooden plug covers at least a part of the first transmission means together with the wood, The second wooden plug covers at least a part of the second transmission means together with the wood, The thickness of the first wooden plug and the thickness of the second wooden plug are the same.

11. A building element according to claim 10.

12. The density of the wood is 0.4 g / cm ３ That's all.

12. A building element according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

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