Solar Cells and Photovoltaic Modules

Abstract

This application discloses solar cells and photovoltaic modules and relates to the field of photovoltaics. [Solution] A first surface of a solar cell includes a plurality of first electrodes and a plurality of second electrodes arranged to intersect in a comb-like manner, the first electrodes include a first main grid and a first sub-grid, the second electrodes include a second main grid and a second sub-grid, the first main grid is provided with a first spot weld and the second main grid is provided with a second spot weld, the solar cell includes a plurality of insulating structures covering an area where the first main grid is located and / or an area where the second main grid is located, one end of the insulating structures extends to cover an end of the first sub-grid close to the second main grid and / or an end of the second sub-grid close to the first main grid, the first main grid and the corresponding first spot weld are provided with windows at the projection locations onto the corresponding insulating structures, and / or the second main grid and the corresponding second spot weld are provided with windows at the projection locations onto the corresponding insulating structures, thereby preventing a short circuit of the solar cell.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] This application relates to the field of photovoltaics, and in particular to solar cells and photovoltaic modules. [Background technology]

[0002] In interdigitated back-contact solar cells, the positive and negative metal electrodes of the battery are arranged in a comb-like pattern on the back surface of the battery cells, and are closely spaced near the main grid and spot welds, which increases the risk of short-circuiting the battery cells during soldering of the PV ribbons, leading to a short circuit of the module. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0003] In view of the above, the present application provides a solar cell and photovoltaic module for avoiding short circuiting of the solar cell. [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a solar cell, the solar cell comprising a plurality of first electrodes and a plurality of second electrodes arranged such that a first surface of the solar cell intersects in a comb-like manner, each of the first electrodes comprising a first main grid extending along a first direction and a plurality of first sub-grids extending along a second direction, the second electrode comprising a second main grid extending along the first direction and a plurality of second sub-grids extending along the second direction, the first direction being perpendicular to the second direction, the first main grid being provided with a first spot weld and the second main grid being provided with a second spot weld; The solar cell includes a plurality of insulating structures covering an area where the first main grid is located and / or an area where the second main grid is located, and one end of the insulating structures extends to cover one end of the first sub-grid close to the second main grid and / or one end of the second sub-grid close to the first main grid; At least one first main grid and the corresponding first spot weld are provided with a window at a projection onto the corresponding insulating structure; and / or At least one second main grid and corresponding second spot weld is apertured at a projection onto the corresponding insulating structure.

[0005] Optionally, the insulating structure herein comprises a first insulating part and a second insulating part, the first insulating part and the second insulating part being distributed on opposite sides of the first main grid and / or the second main grid.

[0006] Optionally, the first and second insulating parts extend along a first direction and in the second direction there is a first pitch d1 between the first and second insulating parts and the first main grid and / or the second main grid, where 0.2 mm≦d1≦0.4 mm.

[0007] Optionally, here, along the second direction, the first insulating portion and the second insulating portion have a first width L1, where 0.9 mm≦L1≦1.1 mm.

[0008] Optionally, the insulating structure is covered at one end of the first subgrid close to the second spot weld and / or at one end of the second subgrid close to the first spot weld, and the first insulating portion and the second insulating portion are distributed on opposite sides of the first spot weld and / or the second spot weld.

[0009] Optionally, the first main grids and the second main grids are equally spaced apart along the second direction, and there is a second pitch d2 between adjacent first main grids and second main grids, where 9 mm≦d2≦13 mm.

[0010] Optionally, here, along the second direction, the first main grid and the second main grid have a second width L2, where 0.2 mm≦L2≦0.3 mm.

[0011] Optionally, wherein along the first direction and / or the second direction, the first spot weld and the second spot weld have a third width L3, where 1 mm≦L3≦1.3 mm.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present application provides a photovoltaic module comprising a cover plate, a cell string and a sealing layer, the cover plate being located on opposite sides of the cell string, the sealing layer being provided between the cover plate and the cell string, and the cell string being formed by electrically connecting a plurality of solar cells as described in the first aspect.

[0013] Optionally, where the photovoltaic module further includes a plurality of PV ribbons extending along a first direction, at least some of the PV ribbons being electrically connected to a first main grid via first spot welds, and at least some of the PV ribbons being electrically connected to a second main grid via second spot welds. Effect of the Invention

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the solar cell and photovoltaic module provided in the present application have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0015] In the solar cell provided in the present application, the first and second electrodes are arranged to intersect in a comb-like manner, so that the first and second sub-grids are arranged closely together, and the distance between the main grid of the opposite polarity and the spot welds thereon is also close, so that if the PV ribbon shifts during the subsequent soldering of the solar cell and the PV ribbon, it is very likely to come into contact with the sub-grid near the main grid of the opposite polarity, causing a short circuit of the solar cell. Therefore, in the present application, a plurality of insulating structures are coated on the area where the first main grid and / or the area where the second main grid of the solar cell are located, and one end of the insulating structure is extended to cover one end of the first sub-grid close to the second main grid and / or one end of the second sub-grid close to the first main grid, so that even if the PV ribbon shifts during soldering, the insulating structure isolates the PV ribbon from the sub-grid near the main grid, effectively preventing the occurrence of a short circuit of the solar cell during soldering. At the same time, in the present application, a window is provided at the projection position of the main grid and the spot welds thereon to the corresponding insulating structure, which not only reserves the position of the spot welds for easier soldering with the PV ribbons later, but also leaves a portion of the main grid open, reducing the amount of insulating structure used and lowering production costs.

[0016] Of course, it is not necessary for any product embodying the present application to simultaneously achieve all of the technical effects described above.

[0017] Other features and advantages of the present application will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present application, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application. [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the structure of the first surface of a solar cell provided in an embodiment of the present application. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a locally enlarged view of FIG. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a locally enlarged view of FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is another enlarged view of a local portion of FIG. [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the structure of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0019] Hereinafter, each exemplary embodiment of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that, unless otherwise specified, the arrangements, formulas and numerical values ​​corresponding to the parts and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application.

[0020] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is intended to be exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the present application and its application or uses.

[0021] Techniques, methods and devices that are well known to those skilled in the art may not be described in detail, but where appropriate, said techniques, methods and devices shall be considered part of the description.

[0022] In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific numerical values ​​should be construed as merely illustrative and not limiting, and therefore other examples of the illustrative embodiments may have different numerical values.

[0023] It should be noted that like symbols and letters indicate like items in the following drawings, and thus, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further considered in the next drawing.

[0024] In interdigitated back contact (IBC) solar cells, the positive and negative metal electrodes of the battery are arranged in a comb-like pattern on the back surface of the battery cells and are closely spaced near the main grid and spot welds. This means that there is a risk of the battery cells shorting out during soldering of the PV ribbons, which will ultimately lead to a short circuit in the module.

[0025] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present application propose a solar cell and a photovoltaic module to avoid short-circuiting of the solar cell.

[0026] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the structure of the first surface of a solar cell provided in an embodiment of the present application, FIG. 2 is a locally enlarged view of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a locally enlarged view of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is another locally enlarged view of FIG. 1.

[0028] As shown in Figures 1 to 4, an embodiment of the present application provides a solar cell 1, and the solar cell 1 has a first surface including a plurality of first electrodes and a plurality of second electrodes arranged to intersect in a comb-like pattern, each of the first electrodes including a first main grid 101 extending along a first direction and a plurality of first sub-grids 102 extending along a second direction, and each of the second electrodes including a second main grid 111 extending along the first direction and a plurality of second sub-grids 112 extending along the second direction, the first direction being perpendicular to the second direction, and a first spot weld 103 is provided on the first main grid 101, and a second spot weld 113 is provided on the second main grid 111.

[0029] The solar cell 1 has a plurality of insulating structures 2 covering the area where the first main grid 101 is located and / or the area where the second main grid 111 is located, and one end of the insulating structures 2 extends to cover one end of the first sub-grid 102 close to the second main grid 111 and / or one end of the second sub-grid 112 close to the first main grid 101.

[0030] At least one first main grid 101 and the corresponding first spot weld 103 are provided with a window at the projection onto the corresponding insulating structure 2; and / or At least one second main grid 111 and the corresponding second spot weld 113 are provided with windows at the projection onto the corresponding insulating structure 2 .

[0031] Based on this, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, in the solar cell 1 provided in the examples of the present application, the first electrode and the second electrode are both located on the first surface of the solar cell 1, i.e., the solar cell 1 provided in the examples of the present application is a back-contact type cell, in which the first main grid 101 in the first electrode and the second main grid 111 in the second electrode both extend along a first direction, the first sub-grid 102 in the first electrode and the second sub-grid 112 in the second electrode both extend along a second direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. The first and second electrodes are arranged vertically and cross each other in a comb-like manner, so that the first sub-grid 102 and the second sub-grid 112 are arranged closely together and the distance between the main grid of opposite polarity and the spot welds thereon is also close. If the PV ribbon shifts during subsequent soldering of the solar cell 1 and the PV ribbon, it will easily come into contact with the sub-grid near the main grid of opposite polarity, and the sub-grid of opposite polarity will connect to the main grid through the PV ribbon, causing a short circuit of the solar cell 1.

[0032] Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, a plurality of insulating structures 2 are provided to cover the area where the first main grid 101 and / or the area where the second main grid 111 of the solar cell 1 are located, and one end of the insulating structure 2 is extended to cover one end of the first sub-grid 102 close to the second main grid 111 and / or one end of the second sub-grid 112 close to the first main grid 101, so that one end of the first sub-grid 102 and / or one end of the second sub-grid 112 close to the main grid of opposite polarity are covered by the insulating structure 2. Even if the PV ribbon is misaligned during soldering, the insulating structure 2 can isolate the PV ribbon from the sub-grid near the main grid, and prevent the PV ribbon from contacting the end of the sub-grid, thereby achieving an insulating effect and effectively preventing the solar cell 1 from being short-circuited during soldering. At the same time, in the embodiment of the present application, a window is provided at the projection position of the main grid and the spot welds thereon corresponding to the insulating structure 2, which not only reserves the position of the spot welds for subsequent soldering with the PV ribbon, but also leaves the main grid part open to reduce the amount of insulating structure 2 used, thus reducing manufacturing costs. In addition, the window provided for the main grid and the spot welds can also minimize the impact on the light transmittance of the insulating structure 2. In addition, compared with the conventional insulating adhesive that needs to be applied, the insulating structure 2 that can be directly coated and adhered to the solar cell 1 has a lower requirement for operational difficulty, which is helpful in improving productivity.

[0033] In some embodiments, the insulating structure may be selected as a hot-melt insulating film that is resistant to high temperatures. In use, the insulating structure is first coated on the corresponding position on the solar cell, and then the solar cell with the insulating structure is heated to the melting temperature of the insulating structure to firmly coat the end of the sub-grid close to the main grid.

[0034] By way of example, the material of the insulating structure may be polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or natural rubber with adhesive properties, which are merely examples and are not specifically limited.

[0035] As an optional embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 to 4, the insulating structure 2 includes a first insulating portion 21 and a second insulating portion 22, and the first insulating portion 21 and the second insulating portion 22 are distributed on opposite sides of the first main grid 101 and / or the second main grid 111.

[0036] Based on this, as shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, the insulating structure 2 covering the area where the first main grid 101 is located and / or the area where the second main grid 111 is located can be divided into a first insulating part 21 and a second insulating part 22, and the first insulating part 21 and the second insulating part 22 can be separately installed on both sides of the first main grid 101 and / or the second main grid 111, and the reserved parts between the first insulating part 21 and the second insulating part 22 installed opposite to each other in the same insulating structure 2 are windows provided for the main grids and the spot welding parts of the main grids, which ensures a normal connection with the PV ribbons, while reducing the usage and manufacturing cost of the insulating structure 2, and further reducing the impact on the light transmittance of the insulating structure 2. In addition, compared with the method of providing holes in the insulating structure 2, the first insulating part 21 and the second insulating part 22 installed separately on both sides of the main grid are easier to operate when covered and adhered, and the requirements for operation accuracy are greatly reduced, thereby improving productivity.

[0037] For example, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the first insulating portion 21 and the second insulating portion 22 may be a continuous insulating portion.

[0038] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1 to 4, the first insulating portion and the second insulating portion extend along a first direction, and in the second direction, there is a first pitch d1 between the first insulating portion and the second insulating portion and the first main grid and / or the second main grid, where 0.2 mm ≦ d1 ≦ 0.4 mm.

[0039] Based on this, as shown in Figs. 1 to 4, in the solar cell provided in the embodiment of the present application, the extending direction of the first insulating part and the second insulating part is the same as that of the first main grid and the second main grid, and extends along the first direction, so that the first insulating part and the second insulating part are more convenient when covering and adhering to the first main grid and the second main grid. Along the second direction, the first insulating part and the second insulating part cover the ends of the first sub-grid and the second sub-grid close to the main grid, while keeping a distance d1 between them and the main grid, so that the insulating structure can completely cover and insulate the ends of the sub-grids close to the main grid, and can prevent the PV ribbon from directly contacting the insulating film during soldering. The width of the PV ribbon should be smaller than the pitch between the first insulating part and the second insulating part. If the first pitch d1 is too small, the distance between the insulating structure and the main grid is too small, and the PV ribbon is likely to contact the insulating structure during subsequent soldering, which affects the soldering quality. If the first pitch d1 is too large, the distance between the insulating structure and the end of the sub-grid is too small, making it difficult for the insulating structure to completely cover the end of the sub-grid, and therefore difficult to ensure the insulating effect.

[0040] Exemplarily, the first pitch d1 in the second direction between the first and second insulating parts and the first and / or second main grids may be 0.2 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.35 mm, 0.4 mm, etc. This is merely an example and is not specifically limited.

[0041] In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the first insulating portion and the second insulating portion have a first width L1 along the second direction, where 0.9 mm≦L1≦1.1 mm.

[0042] Based on this, as shown in Figs. 1 to 4, in the solar cell provided in the embodiment of the present application, the first insulating part and the second insulating part further have a first width L1 along the second direction, and after ensuring that the first pitch d1 between the side of the first insulating part and the second insulating part close to the main grid and the main grid is within an appropriate numerical range, the first width L1 can indicate the pitch between the side of the first insulating part and the second insulating part far from the main grid and the main grid. If the first width L1 of the first insulating part and the second insulating part in the second direction is too large, the amount of insulation structure used will be too large, causing cost waste. Considering that there is a certain distance between the sub-grid itself and the main grid, if the first width L1 of the first insulating part and the second insulating part in the second direction is too small, it is difficult to ensure that the first insulating part and the second insulating part can completely cover one end of the sub-grid close to the main grid, and it is difficult to ensure the insulation effect.

[0043] For example, the first width L1 in the second direction of the first insulating portion and the second insulating portion may be 0.9 mm, 0.95 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.05 mm, 1.1 mm, etc. This is merely an example and is not specifically limited.

[0044] As an optional embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 to 4, the insulating structure 2 is covered at one end close to the second spot weld 113 of the first subgrid 102 and / or at one end close to the first spot weld 103 of the second subgrid 112, and the first insulating portion 21 and the second insulating portion 22 are distributed on opposite sides of the first spot weld 103 and / or the second spot weld 113.

[0045] As a result, as shown in Figs. 1 to 4, in the solar cell 1 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the insulating structure 2 is covered with one end close to the second spot weld 113 of the first subgrid 102 and / or one end close to the first spot weld 103 of the second subgrid 112, and insulation of the subgrid end is realized without blocking the spot weld, ensuring the soldering effect and avoiding short circuit of the solar cell 1 during soldering. The method of providing a window in the insulating mechanism for the spot weld may be the same as that of the main grid, that is, the insulating structure 2 may be divided into two parts, a first insulating part 21 and a second insulating part 22, and provided on both sides of the spot weld, and the first insulating part 21 and the second insulating part 22 on both sides of the spot weld and on both sides of the main grid may be a continuous insulating structure 2, that is, the first insulating part 21 and the second insulating part 22 on both sides of the same main grid and the spot weld thereon may each extend continuously along the first direction, which further reduces the difficulty of operation and helps to improve productivity. The pitch between the first insulating portion 21 and the second insulating portion 22 and the spot welded portion can refer to the first pitch d1 between the first insulating portion 21 and the second insulating portion 22 and the main grid. Explanation will be omitted here.

[0046] As an optional embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 to 4, the first main grid 101 and the second main grid 111 are distributed at equal intervals along the second direction, and there is a second pitch d2 between adjacent first main grids 101 and second main grids 111, where 9 mm≦d2≦13 mm.

[0047] Based on this, as shown in Figs. 1 to 4, in the solar cell 1 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the first main grid 101 and the second main grid 111 are distributed at equal intervals in the second direction, and the first sub-grid 102 connected to the first main grid 101 and the second sub-grid 112 connected to the second main grid 111 are arranged to intersect in a comb-like manner. The space between the adjacent first main grid 101 and second main grid 111 has a second pitch d2 in the second direction, and the second pitch d2 satisfies 9 mm ≦ d2 ≦ 13 mm. If the second pitch d2 in the second direction between the adjacent first main grid 101 and second main grid 111 is smaller than 9 mm, the pitch between the main grids is too small, and the number of main grids is correspondingly increased, which increases the light-shielding area, affects the light absorption of the solar cell 1, increases the consumption of silver paste, and causes an increase in production costs. If the second pitch d2 in the second direction between adjacent first main grid 101 and second main grid 111 is greater than 13 mm, the pitch between the main grids will be too large, the length of the sub-grids in the second direction will be large, and the series resistance will also increase, adversely affecting the efficiency of the solar cell 1.

[0048] For example, the second pitch d2 in the second direction between adjacent first main grids and second main grids may be 9 mm, 10 mm, 11 mm, 12 mm, 13 mm, etc. This is merely an example and is not specifically limited.

[0049] In one alternative embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, along the second direction, the first main grid and the second main grid have a second width L2, where 0.2 mm≦L2≦0.3 mm.

[0050] Based on this, as shown in Figures 1 to 4, in the solar cell provided in the embodiment of the present application, the first main grid and the second main grid have a second width L2 in the second direction, and 0.2 mm ≦ L2 ≦ 0.3 mm. If the second width L2 of the first main grid and the second main grid in the second direction is smaller than 0.2 mm, the first main grid and the second main grid are too thin, which is unfavorable to the carrier collection of the first sub-grid and the second sub-grid, and also affects the reliability of the solar cell and the photovoltaic module. If the second width L2 of the first main grid and the second main grid in the second direction is larger than 0.3 mm, the first main grid and the second main grid are too wide, which increases the light-shielding area of ​​the main grid, which affects the light absorption of the solar cell, which leads to a decrease in the power of the solar cell, and also causes an increase in production costs due to the main grid being too wide.

[0051] For example, the second width L2 in the second direction of the first main grid and the second main grid may be 0.2 mm, 0.21 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.28 mm, 0.3 mm, etc. This is merely an example and is not specifically limited.

[0052] In one optional embodiment, as shown in Figures 1-4, the first spot weld and the second spot weld have a third width L3 along the first direction and / or the second direction, where 1 mm≦L3≦1.3 mm.

[0053] Based on this, as shown in Figures 1 to 4, in the solar cell provided in the embodiment of the present application, the first spot weld and the second spot weld have a third width L3 in the first direction and / or the second direction, and 1 mm ≦ L3 ≦ 1.3 mm. If the third width L3 of the first spot weld and the second spot weld in the first direction and / or the second direction is smaller than 1 mm, the dimensions of the first spot weld and the second spot weld are too small, which may cause problems with the tensile force when soldering to the PV ribbon, and may affect the soldering effect and reliability. If the third width L3 of the first spot weld and the second spot weld in the first direction and / or the second direction is larger than 1.3 mm, the dimensions of the first spot weld and the second spot weld are too large, which may cause an increase in production costs.

[0054] Exemplarily, the third width L3 in the first direction and / or the second direction of the first spot weld and the second spot weld may be 1 mm, 1.15 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.25 mm, 1.3 mm, etc. This is merely an example and is not specifically limited.

[0055] FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the structure of a photovoltaic module provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0056] Based on the same inventive concept, as shown in FIG. 5 , the present application further provides a photovoltaic module including a cover plate 30, a cell string, and an encapsulation layer 40, in which the cover plate 30 is located on both opposite sides of the cell string, and the encapsulation layer 40 is provided between the cover plate 30 and the cell string, and the cell string is formed by electrically connecting a plurality of the aforementioned solar cells.

[0057] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the photovoltaic module are the same as those of the solar cell described in the above examples, so the description is omitted here.

[0058] 5, the photovoltaic module includes a cell string formed by connecting a plurality of solar cells 2 provided in the above-mentioned embodiments, an encapsulation layer 40 for covering a surface of the cell string, and a cover plate 30 for covering a surface of the encapsulation layer 40 remote from the cell string. The solar cells 2 are electrically connected as a whole or in a form of a plurality of divisions to form a plurality of cell strings, and the plurality of cell strings are electrically connected in a series and / or parallel manner.

[0059] Specifically, in some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 5, multiple cell strings may be electrically connected through PV ribbons 50. The encapsulation layer 40 covers the front and back surfaces of the solar cells 2, and specifically, the encapsulation layer 40 may be an organic encapsulation film, such as an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) adhesive film, a polyethylene octene co-elastomer (POE) adhesive film, or a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) adhesive film. In some embodiments, the cover plate 30 may be a cover plate 30 having a light transmission function, such as a glass cover plate or a plastic cover plate. Specifically, the surface of the cover plate 30 facing the encapsulation layer 40 may be an uneven surface, which can increase the utilization rate of the incident light.

[0060] In one optional embodiment, the photovoltaic module further includes a plurality of PV ribbons extending along a first direction, at least some of the PV ribbons being electrically connected to a first main grid via first spot welds, and at least some of the PV ribbons being electrically connected to a second main grid via second spot welds.

[0061] Based on this, the PV ribbons included in the photovoltaic module respectively realize electrical connection with the first main grid through contact with the first spot weld and with the second main grid through contact with the second spot weld, and thus realize electrical connection with the solar cell, facilitating the transport of carriers collected in the first sub-grid and the second sub-grid. When the PV ribbons and the spot welds are soldered, the insulating structure in the solar cell can completely cover the main grid of the sub-grid and one end close to the spot weld, effectively preventing direct contact between the sub-grid of the solar cell and the PV ribbon when the PV ribbon is misaligned, achieving an insulating effect and effectively preventing the occurrence of short circuits in the solar cell.

[0062] As a result of the above, the solar cell and photovoltaic module provided in the present application have at least the following beneficial effects.

[0063] In the solar cell provided in the present application, the first and second electrodes are arranged to intersect in a comb-like manner, so that the first and second sub-grids are arranged closely together, and the distance between the main grid of the opposite polarity and the spot welds thereon is also close, so that if the PV ribbon shifts during the subsequent soldering of the solar cell and the PV ribbon, it is very likely to come into contact with the sub-grid near the main grid of the opposite polarity, causing a short circuit of the solar cell. Therefore, in the present application, a plurality of insulating structures are coated on the area where the first main grid and / or the area where the second main grid of the solar cell are located, and one end of the insulating structure is extended to cover one end of the first sub-grid close to the second main grid and / or one end of the second sub-grid close to the first main grid, so that even if the PV ribbon shifts during soldering, the insulating structure isolates the PV ribbon from the sub-grid near the main grid, effectively preventing the occurrence of a short circuit of the solar cell during soldering. At the same time, the present application provides windows at the projection positions of the main grid and the spot welds thereon to the corresponding insulating structure, not only reserving the positions of the spot welds for easy soldering with the PV ribbons later, but also leaving the main grid open, reducing the amount of insulating structure used and lowering production costs.In addition, the insulating structure can be directly coated and adhered to the solar cell, which reduces the requirements for operation difficulty and helps to improve productivity.

[0064] Although some specific embodiments of the present application have been described in detail by way of examples, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art should appreciate that the above embodiments can be modified without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. The scope of the present application is limited by the claims.

Claims

1. A solar cell comprising: a first surface of the solar cell includes a plurality of first electrodes and a plurality of second electrodes arranged to intersect in a comb shape, each of the first electrodes includes a first main grid extending along a first direction and a plurality of first sub-grids extending along a second direction, the second electrode includes a second main grid extending along the first direction and a plurality of second sub-grids extending along the second direction, the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, a first spot weld is provided on the first main grid, and a second spot weld is provided on the second main grid, the solar cell includes a plurality of insulating structures covering an area where the first main grid is located and / or an area where the second main grid is located, one end of the insulating structure extending to cover one end of the first sub-grid close to the second main grid and / or one end of the second sub-grid close to the first main grid, At least one of the first main grids and the corresponding first spot welds is provided with a window at a projection onto the corresponding insulating structure; and / or At least one of the second main grids and the corresponding second spot welds is provided with a window at a projection onto the corresponding insulating structure. A solar cell characterized by:

2. The insulating structure includes a first insulating portion and a second insulating portion, and the first insulating portion and the second insulating portion are distributed on opposite sides of the first main grid and / or the second main grid. The solar cell according to claim 1 .

3. The first insulating portion and the second insulating portion extend along the first direction, and a first pitch d is provided between the first insulating portion and the second insulating portion and the first main grid and / or the second main grid in the second direction. １ 0.2mm≦d １ ≦0.4 mm; The solar cell according to claim 2 .

4. Along the second direction, the first insulating portion and the second insulating portion have a first width L １ and 0.9 mm≦L １ ≦1.1 mm; The solar cell according to claim 2 .

5. the insulating structure is covered on one end of the first sub-grid close to the second spot weld and / or one end of the second sub-grid close to the first spot weld, and the first insulating portion and the second insulating portion are distributed on opposite sides of the first spot weld and / or the second spot weld. The solar cell according to claim 2 .

6. The first main grids and the second main grids are distributed at equal intervals along the second direction, and a second pitch d is provided between adjacent first main grids and second main grids. ２ There is, 9mm≦d ２ ≦13 mm; The solar cell according to claim 1 .

7. Along the second direction, the first main grid and the second main grid have a second width L ２ and 0.2 mm≦L ２ ≦0.3 mm; The solar cell according to claim 1 .

8. Along the first direction and / or the second direction, the first spot weld and the second spot weld have a third width L ３ and 1 mm≦L ３ ≦1.3 mm; The solar cell according to claim 1 .

9. The insulating structures are hot melt insulating films. The solar cell according to claim 1 .

10. The pitch between the first insulating portion and the corresponding first spot welded portion, and the pitch between the second insulating portion and the corresponding second spot welded portion are both equal to the first pitch d １ is equal to The solar cell according to claim 2 .

11. The first insulating portion and the second insulating portion are continuous insulating portions. The solar cell according to claim 2 .

12. The solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 11, comprising a cover plate, a cell string, and a sealing layer, the cover plate being located on both opposing sides of the cell string, the sealing layer being provided between the cover plate and the cell string, and the cell string being formed by electrically connecting a plurality of solar cells according to any one of claims 1 to 11. A photovoltaic module comprising:

13. the photovoltaic module further includes a plurality of PV ribbons extending along the first direction, at least some of the PV ribbons being electrically connected to the first main grid via the first spot welds, and at least some of the PV ribbons being electrically connected to the second main grid via the second spot welds.

13. The photovoltaic module of claim 12.

14. a width of each of the PV ribbons is less than the pitch between the first insulation portion and the corresponding second insulation portion; 13. The photovoltaic module of claim 12.

15. The sealing layer is an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) adhesive film, a polyethylene octene co-elastomer (POE) adhesive film or a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) adhesive film; 13. The photovoltaic module of claim 12.

Images