System for monitoring an electronic device and an electronic device communicating with a base station

Abstract

A novel exemplary system uses a laser beam generated by a transmitter unit at a base station to detect, communicate with, and control devices, typically battery-operated, installed in public places. The interaction of the laser beam with the device uses a laser detector module in the device selected to emit a fluorescent signal upon laser beam impingement. A fluorescent detector is installed at the base station to detect incoherent fluorescent light emitted by the device when the laser impinges on the device. A wireless data link may implement the exchange of information and commands between the base station and the device, which may be required following explicit detection of fluorescent emission from the device. The system may use a laser beam in the short-wave infrared (SWIR) region. The detector may provide power to the device for its operation and / or to maintain the charge of an installed battery.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] This disclosure describes laser technology relevant to the field of remote information display and exchange in areas having public access, and in particular as applied to commercial information display in sales areas and stores. [Background technology]

[0002] Commercial environments such as stores and other public buildings can greatly benefit from being able to easily deploy a large number of electronic information or sales aid devices such as display screens, electronic shelf labels, various sensors, digital cameras, etc., on their premises. Such systems can display digital content to customers, collect valuable data, and provide assets with high profitability and low cost of ownership. Sensors can sense human presence, temperature, and electronic signals, while display screens present information such as product related information, whether price or content related, such as nutritional value, advertisements, warnings, and updates such as the presence and expiration of product discounts.

[0003] Currently, such large-scale deployments must often be performed quickly and across a wide area, which can result in poor location of the devices themselves or inaccurate documentation of where each device is located. For example, if a supermarket employee needs to install 1000 display screens on different shelves by going around the premises and attaching the screens to the shelves one by one, it can be difficult to know which screens are on a particular shelf due to the potential for human error.

[0004] Location awareness is used in many existing screen, sensor or camera devices such as smart phones that can transmit their location and can also display dynamic content based on location. Wireless laser tags are other remote information providing systems that provide remote tracking, such as those shown in U.S. Patent No. 5,399,433 to E Richley et al. for "Laser Locating and Tracking System for Externally Activated Tags" and U.S. Patent No. 5,399,433 to DK Lefevre for "Long-Range Electronic Identification System."

[0005] Devices such as information screens, sensors, cameras and similar devices that enable automatic location and information exchange in public places have significant monetary value to operators of such places.

[0006] However, many of these current systems are limited in their range, for example, in public places and the device is located significantly inside a building, where GPS access is limited, or where the ability to distinguish between nearby items can be poor, resulting in lack of functionality.

[0007] The disclosures of each publication mentioned in this section and other sections of the specification are each incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] U.S. Patent No. 7,229,017 [Patent Document 2] US Patent Application Publication No. 2015 / 0022321 Summary of the Invention

[0009] The present disclosure seeks to provide a novel system and method that overcomes at least some of the drawbacks of the prior art systems and methods, and describes a novel exemplary system for detecting, communicating with, and controlling typically battery-operated devices installed in public places by using a laser beam generated by a transmitter unit at a base station. The interaction of the laser beam with the device is achieved by equipping the device with a laser detector that is selected to emit a fluorescent signal upon laser beam impingement. The fluorescent detector is installed at the base station and is capable of detecting the incoherent fluorescent light emitted by the device when the laser impinges on the device. A wireless data link may implement the exchange of information and instructions between the base station and the device, which may be required following the explicit detection of fluorescent emission from the device. The system is advantageously operated using a laser beam in the short-wave infrared (SWIR) range, and detection of the beam may be performed by a SWIR laser detector, which may be a photovoltaic cell, a PIN diode, an APD diode, or any other suitable detector to detect when the SWIR laser impinges. The detector may further be adapted to provide power to the device for its operation and / or to maintain a charge on an installed battery.

[0010] The fluorescent signal is generated by fluorescent material on or in the device, which is typically deposited on or near the laser detector or embedded in the laser detector. Upon being impinged by a SWIR laser, the system is adapted to react in at least one of two ways:

[0011] 1. The fluorescent material emits its fluorescent light so that the device can be easily detected by an external detection device, such as an infrared camera, an infrared detector, or a detector located in a base station that emits a laser. The fluorescent signal can also be used to provide a first unique signature, distinguishing the device from other objects in its vicinity that are emitting or reflecting light. The fluorescent light is specific to the fluorescent material and the laser used. For example, illuminating Ho:YAG nanocrystals with a 1.9 μm SWIR laser produces fluorescence at about 2.122 μm, which can be easily detected. This is a wavelength that is quite different from other materials found in typical environments that generally do not respond to 1.9 micrometer lasers, or rarely do not emit fluorescence at 2122 nm when they do. The absorption wavelength can typically be tuned to a specific laser wavelength by using semiconductors or semiconductor powders. For example, III-V compounds can be tuned from approximately 800 nm to 2200 nm, giving the device a unique fingerprint. That is, fluorescent materials are distinguishable by two factors: a unique absorption tuned to the SWIR laser, and a unique emission that distinguishes the device response from that of the environment.

[0012] 2. A controller in the base station receives a signal from the SWIR laser detector and responds by at least one of the following: (a) receiving a signal from the SWIR laser detector; (a) sending radio signal transmissions back to your device that contain information about what to display on your device; and (b) Sending a signal to a user, typically the installer of the device, for example by outputting a signal on a screen, speaker, or electronic signal. This signal may be a visual or audible signal to the technician, for example a beep on the technician's terminal that may say "Device paired successfully."

[0013] By recording the aiming direction of the laser transmitter, it is possible to identify the specific location of the target device, and depending on the response signal, the type and capabilities of the target device can be determined, and the target device can be distinguished from other lights in the area, and from different neighboring devices. This is, for example, by aiming the laser at a first device, then at a second device, and analyzing and comparing the fluorescent signals and / or radio responses. This is because only the device on which the SWIR laser is aimed will respond and emit its characteristic fluorescent signal, and when the SWIR laser is detected by the SWIR laser detector, the base station controller may command the wireless data transmitter to transmit a radio identification signal that uniquely identifies the specific device, giving more data. The fluorescent response carries very little information, usually confirming the presence of the device, not the type of device. It is impractical to use a different laser and detector for each device, so all use the same laser and the same detector. It is possible to give limited information such as the type of device detected, but it is difficult to put different chromophores on different device screens. That is, while a fluorescent signal simply tells the base station "device found here," an electronic signal can give the base station substantially more identification and functionality information, such as "Device #123456, type 78 device capable of A, B, C, communicating on channel 9, battery fully charged, device ready."

[0014] In a typical system, a filter can be used to filter out sunlight and transmit laser light that is absorbed by a SWIR laser detector. Either the filter, the SWIR laser detector, or other components in the laser path are configured to emit fluorescence in response to the laser light, making it easy to detect the signature of the device even when it is turned off. In most systems, the detector itself can be used to emit the fluorescence radiation, in which case the amount of fluorescence can be controlled by controlling the impedance the detector experiences. When the system is operating, the detector has low impedance and vice versa when it is not operating. In other words, when the system is operating, there is less redundant energy to generate the fluorescence emission because the photons are using their energy to generate the photovoltaic current. When the device is not fully operating and no photovoltaic current is being generated, the fluorescence level is higher than when the device is turned off.

[0015] When the device is turned "on", the SWIR laser detector controller is configured to transmit a radio signal containing information about the device, such as its ID, characteristics of the detected laser such as pulse structure, timing, power, and in most cases the device type.

[0016] Thus, a typical routine followed when using the system will follow at least most of the following sequence, including: i.Detection of a SWIR laser impinging on a SWIR laser detector. ii. When the device is off, it emits fluorescent light in a characteristic band and at a first intensity level. iii. When the device is on, emission of fluorescent light at an intensity level that is typically lower than a first intensity level emitted when the device is off. iv. Receiving a signal from the detector in the controller. v. If the control is off, an additional step occurs here that rotates the control. vi. Wireless data transmissions from the controller to the base station, in response to signal detection, including identification information about the device, and other information that may be required for correct operation by the system. vii. Transmission from the base station of a return wireless data transmission in response to identification information and other information about the device (e.g., associated content to be displayed on the screen of a screen-enabled device, the aiming direction of a camera view for a camera-enabled device, or lock / unlock commands for a lock-enabled device). viii. For example, Display of data fit on screen, Turning the device on or off, Change device settings, Presenting content from a database on a screen, Orienting the device in different directions; Playing sounds, Reconfiguring the device, Sending data from your device; Change Device Temperature Use of data on your device by or for the purposes of:

[0017] The time it takes to locate a device can be important for three purposes: First, to verify that the device is installed correctly. The faster it is located and responds correctly to the SWIR laser, the faster the installation technician or store personnel can move on to the next installation. Second, to perform an inventory scan to locate devices in a specific area. Third, to verify the base station's line of sight to all of the device's specific locations, such as a complete aisle trip.

[0018] The system can be used for centralized management of the area it is installed in. Such a management system can indicate the location of each device, allowing easy control of each device, for example, by sending data packets to a particular device based on its location.

[0019] Such a management system may show a diagram of an area, typically a store. The most convenient diagram is a floor plan, where devices within the store are marked according to their location. Actions such as mouse clicks can send content to the devices based on their location within the store, which may be graphics or instruction codes or files, and can be used to display content such as advertisements or price reductions on the screens of the devices. Some of these screens may be embedded with malfunctioning devices, as identified by fluorescence and / or retroreflective responses, and are known to be malfunctioning either because no data packet response was sent to the base station, or a data packet response was sent that explicitly indicates a problem, or any other indication that a problem exists.

[0020] In response to an indication of a problem, store management can send in an employee or robot to fix the problem, for example, by replacing a battery or by relocating the wirelessly powered device, or alternatively, the problem can be fixed wirelessly, by wirelessly rebooting the device, by wirelessly powering the device, by updating parameters or software, either remotely or with instructions to on-site maintenance staff. This entire process can be done automatically, without the need to present images of the store to store staff.

[0021] The management interface may also allow for updating settings or content on the device, for example by automatically or manually sending a data file to a given device so that the screen of that device displays specific content to the customer.

[0022] Further applications and details of specific system configuration and operation methods are provided in the Detailed Description section of this disclosure.

[0023] Thus, in accordance with an exemplary implementation of the device described in this disclosure, a system for monitoring at least one electronic device in a region of interest is provided, the system comprising: (i) a laser scanner unit for transmitting a laser beam onto an area of ​​interest; (ii) a laser detector module attached to the at least one electronic device, the laser detector module adapted to emit fluorescent illumination when struck by a laser beam; (iii) a fluorescence detection module in the laser scanner unit, the fluorescence detection module adapted to notify a system controller of detection of the fluorescent illumination from the laser detector module in the electronic device; Including, At least one electronic device has at least a low state of electronic activity and a high state of electronic activity, and the intensity of the fluorescent illumination emitted when the laser beam impinges on the laser detection module depends on the state of electronic activity of the electronic device, In such a system, the intensity of the fluorescent illumination may therefore provide an indication of a non-functioning electronic device.

[0024] In such a system, the electronic device further includes a wireless transceiver adapted to enable transmission of data from the laser scanner unit to the electronic device upon notification by the system controller of detection of fluorescent illumination from the electronic device at the laser scanner unit, the data transmitted to the electronic device including at least one of information for display by the electronic device or instructions for execution by the electronic device.

[0025] In any of the above systems, the wireless transceiver is further adapted to enable transmission of data from the electronic device to the laser scanner unit, the data including at least one of an identification of the electronic device and an electronic state of the electronic device.

[0026] Additionally, any of the aforementioned electronic devices may further include a battery to enable their operation, in which case the laser beam operates to provide power to charge the battery.

[0027] In addition, the laser scanner unit may further include a scanning mirror adapted to scan the region of interest, such that the laser beam can identify the location of the electronic device in the region of interest by detection of fluorescent illumination generated by the impingement of the laser beam on the electronic device.

[0028] According to yet a further implementation of the above-described system, the laser detector module on the device may include an optical filter adapted to reduce the sensitivity of the laser detector module to sunlight. Further, the laser beam may have a wavelength in the short-wave infrared (SWIR) region.

[0029] In yet other implementations of the present system, the electronic device may be any of an electronic faucet, a remote electronic sensor, an information display screen, an electronically activated window shade, an electronically activated window, an electronic label, and an electronically activated camera system.

[0030] In accordance with further implementations of the present disclosure, there is provided an electronic device for communicating with a base station, the electronic device comprising: (i) a laser detector module adapted to emit fluorescent illumination, the laser detector module adapted to enable output of an electrical signal when a laser beam from a base station impinges on the laser detector module; (ii) a wireless transmitter adapted to transmit a data package from the electronic device to the base station when the device controller receives an electrical signal from the laser detection module indicative of the impingement of a laser beam from the base station; (iii) a wireless receiver adapted to receive from the base station at least one of (a) information for display by the electronic device or (b) instructions for execution by the electronic device when the base station detects at least one of fluorescent illumination or a data package from the device; Includes.

[0031] In such electronic devices, the data package transmitted to the base station may include at least one of the electronic device's identity or the electronic activity state of the electronic device. In any of the aforementioned electronic devices, the intensity of the fluorescent illumination upon laser beam impingement may depend on the electronic activity state of the electronic device. In this case, the intensity of the fluorescent illumination could be indicative of a non-functioning electronic device.

[0032] Additionally, the electronic device may further include a battery for its operation, in which case the laser beam may operate to provide power to charge the battery.

[0033] In such an electronic device, a laser beam from the base station may be configured to scan an area in which the electronic device is located, so that the location of the electronic device in the area can be identified by detecting fluorescent illumination produced by the impingement of the laser beam on a laser detector module of the electronic device.

[0034] According to yet further implementations of the electronic device described above, the laser detector module on the device may include an optical filter adapted to reduce the sensitivity of the laser detector module to sunlight. Further, the laser beam may have a wavelength in the short wavelength infrared (SWIR) region.

[0035] In yet other implementations of the present system, the electronic device may be any of an electronic faucet, a remote electronic sensor, an information display screen, an electronically activated window shade, an electronically activated window, an electronic label, and an electronically activated camera system.

[0036] In yet another implementation of the system of the present disclosure, a system for communicating with at least one electronic device in a region of interest is provided, the system comprising: (i) a laser scanner unit for transmitting a laser beam onto an area of ​​interest; (ii) a laser detector module attached to the electronic device, the laser detector module adapted to emit fluorescent illumination when struck by a laser beam; (iii) a fluorescence detection module in the laser scanner unit, the fluorescence detection module adapted to notify a system controller of detection of the fluorescent illumination from the laser detector module in the electronic device; (iv) a monitoring system adapted to wirelessly remotely monitor the electronic device, the monitoring system for receiving information from a system controller indicative of detection at the laser scanner unit of fluorescent illumination from the electronic device, and enabling control of at least one function of the electronic device upon receiving information from the system controller indicative of detection at the laser scanner unit of fluorescent illumination from the electronic device; Includes.

[0037] In such a system, the information from the system controller may further include at least one of an identification of the electronic device and an electronic state of the electronic device. Additionally, controlling at least one function of the electronic device may include at least one of instructing the electronic device to display information or instructing the electronic device to perform a certain function.

[0038] In any of these described systems, the intensity of the fluorescent illumination can give an indication of a non-functioning electronic device.

[0039] Additionally, the electronic device may further include a battery for its operation, in which case the laser beam may operate to provide power to charge the battery.

[0040] In these electronic devices, a laser beam from the base station may be configured to scan the area in which the electronic device is placed, so that the location of the electronic device in the area can be identified by detecting fluorescent illumination produced by the impingement of the laser beam on a laser detector module of the electronic device.

[0041] According to yet further implementations of the electronic device described above, the laser detector module on the device may include an optical filter adapted to reduce the sensitivity of the laser detector module to sunlight. Further, the laser beam may have a wavelength in the short wavelength infrared (SWIR) region.

[0042] In yet other implementations of the present system, the electronic device may be any of an electronic faucet, a remote electronic sensor, an information display screen, an electronically activated window shade, an electronically activated window, an electronic label, and an electronically activated camera system. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0043] The present invention will be more fully understood and appreciated from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the drawings, in which:

[0044] [Figure 1] 1 illustrates diagrammatically a typical shopping shelf setup in which the devices of the present invention and systems employing such devices may be advantageously used; [Diagram 2] 2 is an enlarged portion of one of the shelves of FIG. 1 showing the fluorescent signal emitted from the device in response to impingement of a SWIR laser beam. [Diagram 3] 1 shows a typical floor plan of a store, showing the location and status of several devices located on different shelves and display aisles of the store. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 shows a simplified block diagram of a typical device used in applications such as those of FIGS. 1 to 3. [Diagram 5] 1 shows a spectral plot of solar radiation reaching the Earth. [Figure 6]Shows the complete electromagnetic radiation spectrum from UV to microwave. [Figure 7] Illustrated are additional safety features of the SWIR laser scanner described herein that are used to increase the safety of the system's operation by protecting the system and the user in the event of an unexpected short circuit within the device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0045] Reference is first made to FIG. 1. FIG. 1 illustrates, in a schematic manner, an exemplary setting in which the present device and the system using such device may be advantageously used. FIG. 1 illustrates a typical commercial setting, in this example, a display aisle in a store. Other areas of use and other applications for the inventive concepts of the present disclosure are described later in this disclosure, but the store example is used as a non-limiting example of application to explain many of the details of how the system and its methods work. Nevertheless, it should be understood that the details specific to the implementation of a store are not intended to diminish the general applicability of the systems and devices described herein in other areas. In the exemplary application of FIG. 1, a number of devices 102 according to the present disclosure are shown installed in appropriate positions on shelves in an aisle. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the devices 102 may include a screen that displays information such as an electronic shelf location or product label, or a more general information screen, or the devices may incorporate sensors for determining the location of the device, or the devices may incorporate imaging or inspection equipment that allows them to determine the number of products still present on the shelf, or the presence of a purchaser near the device, or other functions that such intelligent devices may be required to perform in such settings. In Fig. 1, the devices are all shown to have a similar appearance with a display screen, but in a real setting the devices may have different appearances as they have different functions. In the exemplary setting shown in Fig. 1, the base station 100, also known as a laser scanner unit, is shown installed in a position where it can survey the entire area to be controlled, in this case on the ceiling 109 of the corridor. However, any other suitable position is equally useful. The base station incorporates a laser emitter 103, which may advantageously be a short-wave infrared laser (hereinafter referred to as SWIR laser) that transmits a laser beam 101. The base station 100 also incorporates a scanning device 104 so that the laser beam 101 emitted from the base station 100 can be directed through an optical window 105 at any part of the area under the control of that base station.The beam 101 scans the surroundings until it encounters any of a number of devices 102, or is directed by the scanner controller to a selected device 102 according to instructions given by the system according to the task at hand.

[0046] When the SWIR laser beam 101 impinges on the device 102, the device emits fluorescent light 203, as shown in Figure 2. This is remotely detected by a detection device 106 at the base station to define the presence of the device 102 or to obtain information about the state of the device. In a first example, the level of fluorescent radiation emitted by the device may give information about the operating state of the device.

[0047] When the device is in a non-operational state, such as because the device is off or in a sleep or dormant mode, the fluorescent signal emitted from the photovoltaic cell typically has a higher level than the fluorescent signal emitted from a device that is turned on and operating. The reason for this is that when the photovoltaic cell is not powered, photons of the SWIR laser beam striking the photovoltaic cell do not generate a photocurrent, but these photons must somehow release most of their energy, which is used to generate fluorescent light and additional heat. The level of flux is inversely proportional to the impedance of the photovoltaic cell and is highest when there is no applied voltage. The feature of emitting fluorescent light even when the device is not in operation allows the base station to detect the device even when it is off or asleep, which is less reliable than when it is in operation. This allows "off devices" to be easily identified. This is a useful feature when there is a problem that prevents the device from operating, and the problem can be solved, for example, by providing power to the device or by turning it on. Once in operation, the device can transmit a wireless data packet indicating its identification ID and its "ready" status. In an environment such as a store where many devices are operational and some may not be operational, identifying the status of each device is important to business performance. With many such devices in the same space, problems can arise in quickly and efficiently identifying the location and status of each device and providing relevant content to these devices.

[0048] The location function using SWIR lasers can be achieved by adding a retroreflector to the device, or by adding a filtered retroreflector that reflects only the SWIR laser wavelength. This retroreflector is detected by a detector at the base station. The advantage of a retroreflector over the detection of fluorescent radiation is that it responds quickly, is small and low cost, and can give a signal that is several tens of dB stronger than the fluorescent signal, but the level cannot be controlled. It is therefore not possible to distinguish between a device that is not in operation and a device that is in operation but whose data transmission is blocked for some reason, for example. A block in data transmission can occur, for example, as a result of the IR electron channeling diode being covered by a price tag, or as a result of the device being inadvertently placed behind another object on a shelf. If a feature is not needed to determine the operational state of the device, it may be possible to use a retroreflector instead of the fluorescent signal. It is also possible to use a retroreflector in addition to the fluorescent signal to allow detection of the device in a redundant manner.

[0049] 2 shows an enlarged portion of one of the shelves of the shopping aisle shown in FIG. 1, illustrating the fluorescent light signal 203 emitted from the device 102 in response to the SWIR laser 101 impinging on the device. The fluorescent light is emitted incoherently and at a wavelength longer than that of the SWIR laser 101, but is also generally in the SWIR region of the spectrum. Because the fluorescent light emission is incoherent and uncollimated, the level of illumination at a remote location, such as a base station, should be easily detected by the detector 106 at the base station, even though it is orders of magnitude smaller than the laser beam power intensity. Other functional elements of the base station 100 are described below in the paragraph describing the SWIR laser scanner.

[0050] Reference is now made to Figure 3, which shows a typical floor plan of a store, showing the location and status of several devices located on different shelves and display aisles of the store. Some of the devices 301 respond to the SWIR laser impingement with a low level of fluorescent signal and corresponding wireless data package, both of which indicate normal operation. Other devices 302 may either be offline, off, or malfunctioning, and thus emit fluorescent signals with a higher level of intensity than the operational devices 301, thereby indicating a problem with those devices 302. If these devices are off, no wireless data package is generated.

[0051] Potentially problematic devices 302 include: 1.High fluorescence signal, 2. Missing data packets, 3. Data packets indicating a problem, 4. Devices not found where they were previously found, 5. No retroreflective signal and no data packets; 6. Retroreflective signals and data packets, indicating problems 7. Fluorescence signal without retroreflective signal, 8. Retroreflected signal without fluorescent signal This can be detected by noting either

[0052] Reference is now made to FIG. 4, which shows a simplified block diagram of a typical device used in the application of the present disclosure. A SWIR laser detector 401 is covered or coated with, or embedded in, or incorporates, or is located in close proximity to a fluorescent emitter 402. Alternatively, one or more of the semiconductor layers of the detector itself may emit a fluorescent signal in response to the SWIR laser. The SWIR laser detector 401 outputs its signal to a SWIR laser detector controller 404, which typically includes conversion circuitry such as a DC / DC converter, an analog-to-digital converter, MPPT circuits, voltage and current sensing circuits, and even a CANBUS or I / O. 2The controller 404 may be configured to attenuate the fluorescence signal by, for example, changing the temperature, the impedance or resistance of the SWIR laser detector, or the capacitance across it. By this means the base station may determine whether the circuit is on or off, since if the controller 404 is off, there is no attenuation. If the controller 404 is off, or in a low power state such as sleep or hibernation, it may be turned on in response to a signal from the SWIR laser detector 402. Once the controller is operational, it is configured to transmit a wireless data packet to the base station in response to an indication of the impingement of the SWIR laser beam from the SWIR laser detector 401. The wireless data packet is transmitted using a data transmitter or transceiver 403 and may include an ID and may also include other data such as the status of the on-board battery 405, or the status of a proximity sensor 406 or other sensor that may be connected to the controller 404. The controller 404 is also connected to an auxiliary device 407. The auxiliary device 407 may typically be an electronic display or other component to provide information about the device's surroundings. The transmitted wireless data packets may also return the status of measurements that may be used for billing or subscription services, such as: 1. The amount of power consumed by the device 2. The amount of power consumed by the device over a time frame 3. Total usage time 4. Total usage time in a specific state, such as "screen on" state 5. Measured occurrences, such as the number of people approaching a device recorded by a proximity sensor 6. Amount of data received or sent by the device 7. Number of times a button was pressed or the device was touched 8. Barcode scanned by the device 9. Content Processed by Device 10. Other Performance Meters 11. Number of item changes on shelves 12. Image of the device's surroundings or adaptation 13. Data extracted from sensory data captured from the device's surroundings

[0053] The controller 404 may receive data packets via the transceiver 403 or other wireless transceiver and use them to configure attached subsystems 407 .

[0054] Most of the fluorescent signal, whether at full level or attenuated, typically radiates over a solid angle of at least 0.85 steradians, and can typically be detected from approximately 4.5 steradians, even at angles so large that it is difficult to distinguish between attenuated and unattenuated signals. The signal can also be detected at distances of typically up to 30 m, as long as there is a line of sight from the device to the base station. In general, this is ensured by the impingement of the SWIR laser beam along essentially the same path. Thus, the SWIR laser beam and the fluorescent signal can be used to identify which devices are visible from a particular point, such as from the customer's point of view, from a camera such as a security camera or inventory tracking camera, from the robot's point of view, or from the charging device's point of view.

[0055] Reference is now made to FIG. 5. FIG. 5 shows the spectrum of solar radiation reaching the Earth and is presented to show why SWIR lasers are suitable for use in this device. It can be seen that the irradiance in the SWIR region is much lower compared to the NIR and VIS regions. UV radiation is dangerous and should not be used for this application. MWIR detectors are highly temperature dependent and typically difficult to obtain, making them expensive for this application. VIS and NIR lasers may be used, but only indoors and not directly exposed to sunlight. The laser detector must be configured to only generate a signal in response to the laser beam. If the detector generates a signal in response to sunlight, the system will not be easily operable. As can be seen from FIG. 5, wavelengths above 1100 nm provide much lower spectral irradiance compared to wavelengths in the NIR and VIS regions. Lasers in the SWIR portion of the spectrum are diode lasers, and both detectors and lasers for this region are widely available. For example, a 1 mW 1500 nm laser, typically with a bandwidth of less than 5 nm, is low power, low cost, small, and safe. Detectors for 1500 nm are also widely available. The irradiance of such lasers is about 1 cm 2 When focused into a beam of 2 Watts / m 2 / nm, which is approximately 10 dB larger than the solar spectrum in that region. Combined with an appropriate filter that transmits mainly the laser wavelength, the laser can be detected even in direct sunlight. On the other hand, a 532 nm laser (a common second harmonic of the Nd:YAG laser wavelength) with the same parameters is very difficult to distinguish from sunlight.

[0056] Reference is now made to FIG. 6, which illustrates the complete electromagnetic radiation spectrum from UV to microwave. This graph is one of many sources of information and is used to define the SWIR spectral region used in this disclosure. The graph: https: / / www.edmundoptics.com / knowledge-center / application-notes / imaging / what-is-swir / Provided by.

[0057] Other sources define SWIR as wavelengths between 1 micron and 2.0 microns, or between 0.9 microns and 1.7 microns, as shown in Figure 5. In this disclosure, SWIR is defined as the wavelength range between 1 micron and 2.5 microns.

[0058] A number of features and methods of setting up and operating the system are outlined herein to suggest additional novel uses and methods of using the system of the present disclosure.

[0059] System installation and use mode

[0060] During installation, the device may be configured into "installation mode." During this procedure, the SWIR laser rapidly scans the area in an effort to reach the wanted device as quickly as possible. The SWIR laser scanner may scan the room as a result of device issued commands. In installation mode, if a SWIR laser collision is detected, the device notifies the system that it is installed and operational so that the system can register the device and its location. The device also typically notifies the installer that the setup was successful, for example by displaying an OK signal on the screen.

[0061] Although the above-mentioned devices are generally described as intended to provide information and therefore equipped with a screen, the system may also be used for devices without a screen and for other purposes. One common application is for the control of cameras, in particular security cameras (used as a non-limiting example in this description), traffic cameras, or crowd control cameras. The same advantages described above in the store scenario, namely fast discovery, fast and explicit feedback on correct installation, line of sight reporting, centralized management, and the ability to remotely detect faulty or non-working devices, can also be advantageously used in such camera systems. Although security camera devices do not require a screen, they may require a pan / tilt stage to aim in the desired direction and / or zoom commands to close up the area of ​​interest. Thus, in the context of the currently described system, upon detecting the impingement of the SWIR laser, the camera module emits a fluorescent signal that is typically indicative of the state of the controller in the camera module and then transmits a wireless data packet, assuming the controller is operational. In response, a management system or a central monitoring facility records the position of the camera and enables the transmission of commands to the camera. The instructions may include any or some of the pan, tilt, zoom, download, and firmware update functions, or other instructions necessary to utilize the facilities of the security camera device.

[0062] Electrically operated faucet

[0063] Another device that could benefit from the presently described system is an electric faucet that is activated by the movement of a user's hand within the field of view of a hand detector. While the problem of locating a faucet or other water valve is generally not as important as the problem of locating a portable screen or camera, the capabilities described for this application, including detecting whether a faucet control is on or off, are highly advantageous, as a faulty electric valve can be a major problem requiring rapid detection and repair, i.e., battery replacement or replacement of damaged parts, for example.

[0064] Remote Sensor

[0065] Another type of device that can benefit from the system of the present disclosure is a remote sensor. Although sensors such as the camera system described above may not require a screen, even if there are sensors that include a screen to display measurements, such as temperature sensors, placing sensors in large industrial installations, for example, and determining their operational status is a very advantageous endeavor, especially for maintenance operations of such industrial installations. In the case of such sensors, a SWIR laser detects the position of the sensor, and the system determines the operational status of the sensor based on the measurement of the fluorescence generated at the device and based on the resulting digital response, and may then wirelessly transmit content to the sensor to ensure accurate measurements. Such content may include calibration updates, measurement schedules, firmware updates, or other necessary inputs that can be wirelessly transmitted to the sensor.

[0066] Electrically Operated Shades

[0067] Yet another type of device that can benefit from the use of the present system and its remote device control is an electrically operated shade. Such shades are typically not equipped with a screen, but the present electric shade device, if equipped with a screen, may function to display temperature, time, weather, lighting details, and other valuable data related to the function of the shade. In a commercial setting, such shades are battery powered, or equipped with a backup battery, or powered by a wireless power system. In such a setting, it is difficult to know from a distance whether the shade is operating or not, and physically accessing the shade is time consuming as it is common to need to bring a stepladder to access the shade operating mechanism. The ability of the present device to enable identification of the operating state of the shade from a distance using the SWIR laser system of the present disclosure is very useful. Following identification of the device using the SWIR laser, if a data response is returned, the system may send commands to the electric shade to take action such as updating its software, charging its battery, or ordering a battery replacement.

[0068] Electrically operated window

[0069] Another type of device that can benefit from the use of the present system and its control of remote devices is an electrically operated window, which means a window that electronically changes its optical properties. Some such window operating devices may be equipped with the screen of the present device, which displays temperature, time, weather, lighting details, and other valuable data. In a commercial setting, such windows may be powered from a battery, a backup battery, or a wireless power system. In such a setting, it is difficult to know from a distance whether the window is operating or not, and physically accessing the window is time-consuming, as it is common to have to bring a stepladder and a screwdriver to access the window. The ability of the present device to allow identification of the product's status from a distance using a SWIR laser is highly advantageous. Following identification of the device using a SWIR laser, if a data response is returned, the system may send commands to the electric window to update its software, charge the on-board battery, order a battery replacement, or perform similar maintenance or repair activities.

[0070] Electronic Shelf Label

[0071] There are a number of aspects of the disclosed system that allow for the implementation of electronic shelf labels. Thus, for example, a screen attached to the system described above can also function as a smart electronic shelf label, the content of which can be changed remotely according to store management requirements. Similarly, a camera or sensor attached to the currently described system can also function as a key component of a smart shelf system.

[0072] Device installation assistance

[0073] Another feature of the system of the present disclosure is the ability to assist the installer in the correct installation of the device itself. Installing a device in a situation where there is no line of sight from the device to the SWIR laser emitter can result in a number of problems ranging from blocking the RF signal by metal objects in the line of sight to simply not being able to see or update the status of the device on the facility's central control screen. For that reason, the device can include an output capability that can inform the installer whether the SWIR laser is aimed at the SWIR laser detector. Such an output capability can be a notification on the device screen, an indicator LED, an audio emission system, or a wireless notification to the installer. The device can also include an input mechanism such as a press button, or a special mode that is initiated on-site or from a wireless network. The input mechanism can cause the device to behave differently from its normal operation for a short period of time, for example, by sounding a unique "beep", turning on / off LED diodes in a specific pattern, or displaying an installation message on the screen. Typically, the device can return to normal operation mode after a predetermined time, for example ranging from 1 minute to 24 hours, or as soon as the SWIR laser is detected. This can help installers pinpoint where devices are within line of sight from a SWIR laser scanner.

[0074] Once a SWIR laser scanner collision is detected, the device may enter a setup mode that allows selection of various settings, such as screen brightness, location of location awareness features, sending a positive signal indicating installation condition, or scanning a barcode associated with the location.

[0075] SWIR laser scanner

[0076] We now refer to the SWIR laser scanner system 100 mounted on the ceiling 109 of the store shown in FIG. 1. The SWIR laser scanner system typically includes a SWIR laser emitter 103, a deflection mirror 104 that aims the laser beam through an optical window 105 in different directions, a detection mechanism 106 for detecting the fluorescent signal returned from the device, and optionally a retroreflective detector (not shown in FIG. 1), and a transceiver antenna 107 that receives wireless data packages from the device 102 and transmits commands or data back to the device 102. The fluorescent signal detector 106 typically incorporates a filter that blocks most of the solar spectrum and the wavelength of the SWIR laser itself, and a detector, typically a diode, that detects the return signal. The SWIR laser scanner unit may incorporate a base station control unit 108 configured to direct the overall operation of the SWIR laser scanner unit. Alternatively and additionally, the SWIR laser scanner may also include a network connection (not shown in FIG. 1) that allows remote control of the SWIR laser scanner and transmits output data such as the location of the device within the store. Laser scanners may also be used to generate a rough image of the surroundings, which is useful for mapping signals onto a store floor plan.

[0077] Fluorescence Signal Detector

[0078] As mentioned above, the fluorescent signal detector typically includes a filter that filters out direct sunlight while transmitting the fluorescent signal. In some applications, especially indoor applications, the sunlight blocking filter may be omitted. The sunlight blocking function may be replaced by a cover layer on top of the diode, or by selecting a diode that has a low response to wavelengths in the visible spectrum. These effectively serve the same purpose as the sunlight blocking filter. At the other end of the communication channel, i.e., at the base station, the detector used to detect the fluorescent light typically includes a laser blocking filter. The laser blocking function, which is very important, can be achieved by a filter, or by physically separating the laser and scanner system from the fluorescent signal detector, or by a filter that prevents the SWIR laser itself from reaching the detector.

[0079] The advantage of filter-based systems is that the diode "sees" the world through the scanning mirror and thus has a narrow field of view, and is therefore exposed to much less signal compared to a diode that sees a very wide field of view. The advantage of wide-field systems is that they are optically simpler and may even work without filters. The fluorescence signal detector may include a diode that detects the signal, and typically also an amplifier and an analog-to-digital converter.

[0080] Central Administration Console

[0081] Returning now to the central management console of the store implementation, the system allows control of devices installed in the store, typically giving access to at least some of the following features: 1. A list of all devices. 2. The location and status of each device, including battery status, content playback, location, detectability by SWIR laser (measured on a nominal scale ranging from YES to NO), daily / weekly / monthly / yearly summary of detectability checks, number of people counted by the device's camera or sensors, number of actions taken using the device, device sensor status and history. 3. A statistical summary of the overall system status (e.g. number of devices, number of devices in operation, a statistical summary of sensor measurements over different time periods (such as hours, days, weeks, months, shifts, and other periods), number of devices detected by the SWIR system, a map of where devices are visible). 4. The ability to perform actions on a particular device (e.g., update content, turn device off, on, change settings, update firmware). 5. Ability to select a set of devices based on criteria (all devices in a region of an area, all devices belonging to a particular group, or all devices adjacent to dairy products, and similar criteria). 6. The ability to automatically perform the same actions, like updating content, on all these devices. 7. The ability to control the operating parameters of a group of devices, for example the command "Update the content on all screens in aisle 4."

[0082] Characteristics of fluorescent materials

[0083] Referring now to the properties of fluorescent materials, the fluorescent material may be a chromophore, a chromophore embedded in a plastic or glass matrix, or a chromophore embedded in a semiconductor matrix (such as a "quantum dot" type semiconductor having quantum dots tuned to SWIR laser wavelengths).

[0084] The fluorescent material is tuned to absorb SWIR lasers, which means that the band gap is less than 1.25 eV and typically greater than 0.5 eV. These band gap levels correspond to the SWIR region shown in Figure 6.

[0085] Fluorescent materials typically absorb the SWIR laser and emit fluorescent light, also in the SWIR region but typically at a longer wavelength. Typically, the emitted light is at least 50 nm longer than the laser. This allows one or more filters to be used to separate the two signals. A readily available SWIR laser source used in some of the systems herein emits at 1310 nm and produces fluorescent light at 1430 to 1450 nm.

[0086] If the host material is a plastic or glass, it is generally transparent to the SWIR laser (PMMA, PC, polystyrene, or various glasses are typically used). If the host material is a semiconductor, it typically has a higher band gap than the fluorescent chromophore, suitable materials are Si, GaAs, Ge, InP, and combinations of III-V or II-VI semiconductors.

[0087] An alternative to the "quantum dot" approach is a semiconductor material in which a thin layer of a fluorescent semiconductor is grown on top of another. A suitable substrate for growing fluorescent material is a SWIR laser detector.

[0088] In some cases, some of the layers in the SWIR laser detector are already suitable for emitting fluorescent light, and the layer on top may be sufficiently transparent to allow some of the fluorescent signal to escape the SWIR laser detector, making it particularly advantageous to use such a SWIR laser detector.

[0089] Typical Installation Procedure

[0090] Installation is typically done in two separate steps. First, installation of the SWIR laser scanner, usually at the base station, mounted on the ceiling or in a location with a wide field of view of the area where the device will be installed. Second, installation of the device itself. The device and SWIR laser scanner need to be easily verified to be properly placed and in good working condition, and typically need to be purpose-configured based on the location where they are placed. As an example, a device in a first location is set to do a certain task (e.g., display a first advertisement) while being configured to do another task (e.g., display a second advertisement, or price or nutritional information for a product). Installation may be done in any order. The SWIR laser scanner may be first, the device may be first, or some of the devices may be placed before the SWIR laser scanner while the other devices are placed afterwards. However, the SWIR laser scanner is typically installed before the devices are installed.

[0091] Structure of a SWIR laser scanner

[0092] The SWIR laser scanner consists of a SWIR laser emitter 103 that emits a SWIR laser beam 101. Scanning mirrors 104 are arranged to direct the laser beam in different directions. The SWIR laser scanner also includes at least one sensor 106 or 107 that senses the signal returning from the device, whether it is a fluorescent signal, a retroreflected signal or a wireless data transmission, a base station controller 108 that controls all of the above components and receives and processes the signals from the sensor, and a data modem (not shown in FIG. 1), either wireless or wired, that transmits data back to the SWIR laser detector control system 404. If the data modem is wireless, it may be used to transmit data to the device, or the SWIR laser scanner may include more than one data modem to allow communication with the device as well as the SWIR laser detector control system 404. However, communication with the device may occur from other systems rather than from the SWIR laser scanner.

[0093] The SWIR laser scanner may also include an indicator to indicate the installation status of the device. Such indicator may be at least one of the following: 1. An LED-like light that confirms that the SWIR laser is on, there are no errors, and the laser is scanning. 2. Acoustic radiation system. 3. From the SWIR laser scanner to another system that may be configured to display the status of the SWIR laser scanner, for example the SWIR laser detector control system 404, or an installer's smartphone. 4. A visible laser that can be scanned to visually represent the system's field of view and can also project a message onto the floor, for example.

[0094] SWIR laser scanner installation instructions

[0095] Installation of the SWIR laser scanner involves mounting the device in a selected location, such as a specific spot on a ceiling, connecting the device to a power source, and verifying that the SWIR laser scanner is operating in a "rapid approval mode," as described further below. An "installation verification device," also described further below, is used to verify where line of sight to the SWIR laser scanner is and is not present. Once installation is complete, the SWIR laser scanner switches to a "normal operating mode."

[0096] Rapid Approval Mode

[0097] A SWIR laser scanner typically scans a room at a fast scanning pace. When the SWIR laser scanner detects a device, it may stop its scanning for a short period of time. This allows the device to detect and respond to the SWIR laser with a high probability. Once this is done, the laser beam scan may move to other devices at its fast scanning rate to verify which devices are within the field of view of the SWIR laser scanner and determine the extent of the field of view of the SWIR laser scanner. The SWIR laser scanner may also include a visible laser that is essentially aligned with the SWIR laser to give the installer a visual representation of the field of view. If the installer detects that there is a problem with the field of view coverage of the SWIR laser scanner for all devices that are intended to communicate, the SWIR laser scanner may be relocated or the surroundings may be changed, for example, by moving a blocking object.

[0098] Normal Operation Mode

[0099] In normal operation mode, the SWIR laser scanner scans an area looking for a fluorescent signal from a device. When the SWIR laser scanner detects a device, it records the direction in which the device was detected, waits for a radio signal from the device indicating its status, and updates the status in system memory. According to a specific implementation of the system and method, the SWIR laser scanner may aim the SWIR laser at the device for an extended period of time to charge its internal battery to allow long-term continuous operation of the device.

[0100] Installation Verification Device

[0101] The installation verification device is a distinctive device carried by an installer that includes an output device configured to indicate the impingement of a SWIR laser, allowing the installer to detect the area of ​​view of the SWIR laser scanner and also to detect the correct functional operation of the SWIR laser scanner.

[0102] Device installation instructions

[0103] The device installer may place the device in a specific location and switch the device into "Installation Verification Mode", as described below. If the SWIR laser scanner is not in "Rapid Approval Mode", the installer switches the SWIR laser scanner into "Rapid Approval Mode". If the device does not indicate that it has line of sight to the SWIR laser scanner, the installer should reposition it.

[0104] Installation Verification Mode

[0105] In the installation verification mode, the device is configured to indicate to the installer that it has detected a SWIR laser, for example by displaying a message on a screen, by providing a visual or audible confirmation, by sending a confirmatory radio signal to the SWIR laser scanner, or to a SWIR laser scanner control system, or to another system such as the installer's smartphone.

[0106] Upon successful completion of the installation verification mode, the device enters a configuration mode allowing it to be configured either by the installer or remotely.

[0107] Additional safety features of the system

[0108] In addition to the search functionality of the SWIR laser scanner described above, the SWIR laser scanner described herein includes a number of electrical functions of the SWIR laser scanner that enhance safety in the use of the system.

[0109] There are two distinct safety-related functions that the control system of such a SWIR laser scanner must perform, whether performed by a single controller or by separate controllers for different aspects of the overall safety related control needs. These two functions are different in purpose and operation, even though they may be implemented from the same controller or controllers.

[0110] The first function relates to the overall safety of the technically operable system, and its objective is to ensure that the system does not cause harm. This function is accomplished by estimating the probability of dangerous exposure of a person to the laser beam and comparing the likelihood of such exposure to both internal and external criteria. If the criteria programmed into the controller are such that the operating conditions indicate the possibility of dangerous exposure, the controller is commanded to turn off the laser, reduce its power, or redirect it elsewhere. The controller typically has a certain number of different ways to perform these actions in a technically functional system. This includes actions such as reducing or stopping the power to the laser driver, redirecting the laser to a safe location, decoupling the anode or cathode power leads. Such methods are part of the normal safety procedures implemented by such laser systems and are described in a certain number of patent applications owned by the applicant of this application.

[0111] The second function relates to system diagnostics, aimed at detecting malfunctions in the system and responding safely thereto. In this implementation, a parameter such as the generated or reflected SWIR laser power is measured and compared to other parameters (e.g., the laser current and / or its temperature), and the comparison or the original measured parameter or a function thereof is tested against some predefined limits and a controller response is generated if the situation is deemed necessary. Such safety features are described in WO 2018 / 211506 entitled “Flexible Management System for Optical Wireless Powering” and WO 2019 / 064305 entitled “Fail-Safe Optical Wireless Powering”, both of which are co-owned by the applicant of this application. In addition, the controller needs to be protected by diagnostics, typically by both an internal and an external watchdog, to ensure correct functioning, such as being configured to terminate the laser if the controller is showing an apparent malfunction. In some implementations, a single watchdog, or other means of ensuring proper operation, may be used.

[0112] One particular failure that can occur relates to the thermal protection of the system, and in particular of the laser. As the system warms up, a situation can be reached where the temperature of the laser emitter becomes excessive and the thermal safety switch shuts down the entire system, leaving the location served by the system unprotected. Another aspect of the SWIR laser scanner's system diagnostic routines allows the thermal safety criteria to be relaxed to some extent, such that localized thermal overheating at the laser does not trigger a complete system shutdown, but rather the power of the emitted laser beam is reduced to a degree while all system functions continue to operate, allowing the system to recover from the thermal overload without losing its overall operational capabilities.

[0113] However, there remains one contingency that is not easily protected against by such protective control functions: a situation in which a physical short circuit, or even an indirect short circuit, such as may be caused by a faulty component that allows current to pass even when not enabled by the control function, allows current to flow through the laser diode source even when not allowed by the controller or controllers. Such a short circuit allows the system to operate in a mode that projects a high-power beam in an unsafe manner. In such a situation, normal safety precautions may not function, and such a short circuit may cause the system voltage to drop below the operating voltage of some component or subsystem, or high temperatures resulting from the malfunction may cause some components to fail, or other consequences of the short circuit may lead to the failure of the controller, any of which may enable the passage of current that may power the laser radiation when it should not have been allowed by a supposedly electronically sound control system.

[0114] The system described herein incorporates a number of features that ensure that in such a scenario, the system has protection to prevent unintentional laser emission in the event that a virtual physical or electronic short circuit would allow operating current to pass through the laser diode. Such features include both physical isolation of the laser leads using a current storage function to allow continuous operation of the controller, and independently controlled switches in the anode and cathode leads of the laser operated by a novel power supply voltage arrangement. This provides protection not previously available in conventional laser transmission systems.

[0115] Reference is now made to FIG. 7, which illustrates additional safety features of the SWIR laser scanner described herein that are used to enhance the safety of the operation of the system as shown in co-pending Israel Patent Application No. 286842 entitled "A System for Location and Charging of Wireless Power Receivers" which is co-owned by the applicant of the present application. This diagram illustrates the arrangement of controls and safety features commonly used in the system, along with additional features that provide the system with protections not available in previous systems. The present laser transmission system often provides protection in the event that the system determines that the beam has been interrupted by an unexpected object in its path from the transmitter to the device, by noting an unexpected difference between the transmission power and some other parameter such as laser reflection. As has been traditionally done, the primary control of the laser emission is obtained via the laser power supply (hereafter referred to as the laser driver), which controls the current supplied to the laser diode to generate the laser emission. The laser driver is subject to the control of the entire transmission system, and its controller traditionally provides various safety features that ensure that the laser emission is terminated by the laser driver power supply if any hazardous condition occurs. Such unsafe conditions generally include certain malfunctions in any of the control system functions. However, as mentioned above, there are certain malfunctions that are not directly related to the control functions, which may not be effectively handled by conventional safety protections, and it is these situations that the present system is intended to address. Situations may arise that result in operating conditions that prevent the controller from operating reliably, while simultaneously placing the system in an unsafe state. Such situations include, for example, an improper voltage being applied to the input to the controller and also to the laser diode, when such a voltage should not be applied. Other conditions in which a failure may cause the controller to function unreliably are voltages outside the operating specifications of the controller, exposure to temperatures outside the operating temperatures of the controller, or exposure to electric or magnetic fields outside the operating specifications of the controller.Such failures may not result from the operation of the controller, but rather may occur due to mishaps unrelated to the operation of the controller, such as the physical short circuit described above, or an unexpected circuit connection due to a failed component. In such a condition, the controller may be inoperable and unable to successfully shut down the laser driver power supply, or the laser diode itself may still be powered due to a physical short circuit or circuit malfunction due to a failed component. A number of solutions are presented below to address such examples.

[0116] In the system of FIG. 7, the laser diode is powered by a laser driver. The laser driver receives its commands from a system controller I. This main controller is programmed to turn the laser on and off and adjust its power level for various scanning, charging and idling operations to operate the system and ensure that the user is always safe. The driver delivers the appropriate drive current to the laser diode. The input and output current connections of the laser diode, i.e. to the anode and from the cathode, are shown connected via insulated cables to two auxiliary gate switches controlled by a gate controller. That is, the enablement of the current from the laser driver to the anode of the laser diode and from the cathode of the laser diode to the circuit ground or negative terminal of the laser driver is controlled by the two switches, and this on / off control is in addition to the basic level control given to the laser current from the laser driver itself. These two switches, held in a conducting state (hereafter "closed") by a control voltage at the gate, are used for additional safety, enabling two additional, independent and redundant methods of terminating the current to the laser. These methods may be implemented separately or both together. A common way to perform the function of closing the laser is by controlling a laser driver that provides current to the laser diode. However, this does not necessarily achieve the desired function in the case of a short circuit that provides current to the laser diode other than through the laser diode driver. It is in these circumstances, for example, that the two switches provide an additional safety method of shutting down the laser emission if conditions require such closure.

[0117] Although such gate switches have been used in the above systems to provide additional channels for blocking the laser diode current, as indicated by the control line from the master controller I to the switch gate, the novel use of such switches in the system described herein arises from the manner in which they receive power for other electronic modules and functions of the system. The operation of these two gate switches takes advantage of the fact that most infrared laser diodes typically operate at low voltages, in the region below 1.5V, which is significantly lower than the voltages used by most other electronic components associated with the system's electronic circuitry. Systems are generally based on Si semiconductor technology that cannot operate at such low voltages, and typically have high operating voltages such as 1.7V, 3.3V, 5V or 12V.

[0118] To implement this scheme, both the anode and cathode switches may be controlled by an additional controller function, referred to as Controller II System Supervisor in Figure 7. This additional controller function may be an additional function of the main controller that controls the current level to the laser driver, or it may be an additional separate gate controller whose function is to stop lasing by opening the switch in circumstances where the main laser driver controller would not open the switch when commanded to do so.

[0119] At least one of the two switch gates is arranged to be normally non-conductive, and during normal operation the laser current is enabled by holding the gate in a conductive state with a voltage provided by controller II. When that latch voltage drops, the gate returns to an open, non-conductive state. The switch gate, or more specifically the gate controller circuit, is powered from the system's main power supply by a separate operating voltage that is higher than the voltage provided to the system controller or laser driver, or any other electronic functions in the system. In the event that a physical short occurs resulting in a voltage of more than 1.5V being applied to the anode lead of the laser diode, the laser diode will turn on and emit a laser beam, even in a situation where the laser driver is off and the anode switch is non-conductive. The same situation applies if such a circuit malfunction occurs in the laser driver, and current is delivered to the laser even when it is not commanded to be in the on state. Since the laser diodes operate at less than 1.5V, but the inadvertent application of other voltages present in the circuitry will be greater than 1.5V, an increase in current drawn from the mains will cause the mains voltage to drop to all of the system's control functions, or alternatively to a level that is not high enough to reliably operate the controller or its watchdog. Since the switch gates operate at a higher voltage than either the controller or its watchdog, or both, a voltage drop will cause the gate switches to switch to their non-conducting state, independent of the status of the controller or its watchdog. That is, placing any of these switches in a non-conducting state will stop the diode laser current and put the system into a safe state, regardless of the functional operation of any of the system's other circuit controllers or electronic safety mechanisms.

[0120] As an alternative and second way of protecting the system from such short circuit faults, the master controller can be powered from its power source with a parallel energy storage device such as a capacitor, battery or coil so that even if the power to the master controller is turned off, it can operate long enough to turn off the laser when such a fault is detected. The watchdog can also correctly reset the master controller if it stops operating correctly. Typically, such a reset function is also configured to turn off the laser until the controller resumes normal operation. Since at least one of the switches, i.e. the anode or cathode, is normally non-conducting, the laser cannot be turned on under normal conditions unless the controller is turned on.

[0121] In the second alternative situation, if the main controller voltage drop is sufficient to cause the main controller to malfunction and therefore not respond by reducing the laser diode current unexpectedly and uncontrollably, the feature of relying on an operating voltage higher than the operating voltage of the system controller or laser driver means that these switches will open and thus terminate the laser diode current, regardless of what the system controller or laser driver are trying to do.

[0122] Third, a main power switch may be provided that allows the controller to control the power supply to all mechanically accessible components anywhere electrically connected to the laser anode or cathode. This protection is particularly important when C-mount type laser diodes are used, as such C-mounts have large areas of exposed metal surfaces that are part of the diode conductor. The diode conductor can easily short to ground or to a live metal contact within the laser generator enclosure in the event of mechanical intrusion or mechanical failure, such as a loose wire connection being released.

[0123] Fourth, all points in the circuit, including the laser submount, must be electrically isolated. This can be a difficult task to accomplish completely without affecting the cooling requirements of the laser diode. Therefore, this safety feature should only be relied upon in conjunction with at least one of the other features mentioned above.

[0124] Finally, a laser power measurement system can be added to the system to compare the measured laser output power of the laser diode with the expected laser output power according to the settings of the laser diode controller, or according to the settings of the controller if multiple control systems of any of the safety arrangements described above are used. The expected output power should depend on the operating state of the system, i.e., in scan / search mode or in charge mode. If this measurement system finds a measured power significantly higher than that programmed by the controller settings, this indicates a system error or system failure, and lasing should be terminated using one or more of the switches mentioned above. The power meter can be a separate controller or a central controller, or it can be a component in the laser driver, for example.

[0125] The beam emitted by a laser diode typically expands relatively rapidly with distance compared to other types of lasers, therefore a collimating system is required to produce the many collimated beams necessary for efficient charging.

[0126] The collimation system is also typically controlled by a controller, advantageously the same controller used to control the current to the laser diode. The collimation system operates by adjusting the axial position of the collimating lens or lens system, thereby controlling the beam expansion, Rayleigh length and beam width. The axial position may take the form of any linear actuator, such as magnetic, thermal, piezoelectric or electromechanical, which may be controlled by another switch, which may have a control input through its switch gate. Alternatively, this collimation may be changed by modifying a laser parameter, such as the laser tip position, the laser wavelength, the beam divergence or other characteristics, by changing the electrical input signal to the laser diode.

[0127] When switched into scan mode, the controller or controllers allow current to flow through both laser diode switches, and also adjust the current through the lens position actuators, or other system elements that control the beam divergence mentioned above, to collimate the laser in "wide mode" where the beam expands towards the edge of the system's intended operating range. When switched off, the controller typically blocks current through at least one of these laser diode switches.

[0128] The exemplary embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be complete and its scope will be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. Numerous specific details, such as examples of specific components, devices, and methods, are described to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the specific details need not be used and that the exemplary embodiments may be embodied in many different forms, and none of these should be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present disclosure. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention is not limited by what has been particularly shown and described. Rather, the scope of the present invention includes both combinations and subcombinations of the various features described above, together with variations and modifications that do not exist in the prior art and that would occur to those skilled in the art upon reading the above description.

Claims

1. 1. A system for monitoring at least one electronic device in a region of interest, comprising: a laser scanner unit for transmitting a laser beam to the region of interest; a laser detector module attached to the at least one electronic device, the laser detector module adapted to emit fluorescent illumination when struck by a laser beam; a fluorescence detection module in the laser scanner unit, the fluorescence detection module adapted to notify a system controller of detection of fluorescent illumination from the laser detector module in the electronic device; Including, The electronic device has at least a low state of electronic activity and a high state of electronic activity, and the intensity of fluorescent illumination emitted when the laser beam impinges on the laser detector module depends on the state of electronic activity of the electronic device.

2. 10. The system of claim 1, further comprising a wireless transceiver adapted to enable transmission of data from the laser scanner unit to the electronic device upon notification by the system controller of detection at the laser scanner unit of fluorescent illumination from the electronic device, the data transmitted to the electronic device comprising at least one of information for display by the electronic device or instructions to be executed by the electronic device.

3. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the wireless transceiver is further adapted to enable transmission of data from the electronic device to the laser scanner unit, the data including at least one of an identification of the electronic device and an electronic state of the electronic device.

4. 3. The system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the intensity of the fluorescent illumination provides an indication of a non-functioning electronic device.

5. 3. The system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the electronic device further includes a battery to enable its operation, and the laser beam operates to provide power to charge the battery.

6. 3. The system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the laser scanner unit further comprises a scanning mirror adapted to scan the region of interest, and the laser beam is capable of identifying the location of the electronic device in the region of interest by detecting fluorescent illumination produced by the impingement of the laser beam on the electronic device.

7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the laser detector module in the electronic device includes an optical filter adapted to reduce the sensitivity of the laser detector module to sunlight.

8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the laser beam has a wavelength in the short wavelength infrared (SWIR) region.

9. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the electronic device is one of an electronic faucet, a remote electronic sensor, an information display screen, an electronically operated window shade, an electronically operated window, an electronic label, and an electronically operated camera system.

10. 1. An electronic device in communication with a base station, comprising: a laser detector module adapted to emit fluorescent illumination, the laser detector module adapted to enable output of an electrical signal when a laser beam from the base station impinges on the laser detector module; a wireless transmitter adapted to transmit a data package from the electronic device to the base station when a device controller receives from the laser detector module an electrical signal indicating the impingement of the laser beam from the base station; a wireless receiver adapted to receive from the base station at least one of (i) information for display by the electronic device or (ii) instructions for execution by the electronic device when the base station detects at least one of (a) fluorescent lighting or (b) a data package from the electronic device; , an electronic device.

11. 11. The electronic device of claim 10, wherein the data package transmitted to the base station includes at least one of an identification of the electronic device or an electronic activity state of the electronic device.

12. 12. An electronic device according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the intensity of the fluorescent illumination upon impingement of the laser beam depends on the electronic activity state of the electronic device.

13. 12. An electronic device according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the intensity of the fluorescent illumination provides an indication of a non-functioning electronic device.

14. 12. The electronic device of claim 10 or 11, wherein the electronic device further comprises a battery for its operation, and the laser beam is operative to provide power to charge the battery.

15. 12. The electronic device of claim 10 or 11, wherein the laser beam from the base station is configured to scan an area in which the electronic device is placed, and the laser beam can identify the location of the electronic device in the area by detecting the fluorescent illumination produced by the laser beam impinging on the laser detector module of the electronic device.

16. The electronic device of claim 10 , wherein the laser detector module in the electronic device includes an optical filter adapted to reduce the sensitivity of the laser detector module to sunlight.

17. The electronic device of claim 10 , wherein the laser beam has a wavelength in the short wavelength infrared (SWIR) region.

18. 11. The electronic device of claim 10, wherein the electronic device is one of an electronic faucet, a remote electronic sensor, an information display screen, an electronically operated window shade, an electronically operated window, an electronic label, and an electronically operated camera system.

19. 1. A system for communicating with at least one electronic device in a region of interest, comprising: a laser scanner unit for transmitting a laser beam to the region of interest; a laser detector module attached to the electronic device, the laser detector module adapted to emit fluorescent illumination when struck by the laser beam; a fluorescence detection module in the laser scanner unit, the fluorescence detection module adapted to notify a system controller of detection of fluorescent illumination from the laser detector module in the electronic device; Monitoring systems and Including, The monitoring system includes: (i) wirelessly remotely monitoring the electronic device to receive information from the system controller indicative of detection at the laser scanner unit of fluorescent illumination from the electronic device; (ii) controlling at least one function of the electronic device upon receiving information from the system controller indicating detection at the laser scanner unit of fluorescent illumination from the electronic device; The system is adapted to:

20. 20. The system of claim 19, wherein the information from the system controller further includes at least one of an identification of the electronic device or an electronic state of the electronic device.

21. 20. The system of claim 19, wherein controlling at least one function of the electronic device includes at least one of instructing the electronic device to display information or instructing the electronic device to perform a predetermined function.

22. 21. The system of claim 19 or 20, wherein the intensity of the fluorescent illumination provides an indication of a non-functioning electronic device.

23. 21. The system of claim 19 or 20, wherein the electronic device further comprises a battery to enable its operation, and the laser beam operates to provide power to charge the battery.

24. 21. The system of claim 19 or 20, wherein the laser scanner unit further comprises a scanning mirror adapted to scan the region of interest, and the laser beam is capable of identifying the location of the electronic device in the region of interest by detection of fluorescent illumination produced by impingement of the laser beam on the electronic device.

25. 21. The system of claim 19 or 20, wherein the laser detector module in the electronic device includes an optical filter adapted to reduce the sensitivity of the laser detector module to sunlight.

26. 20. The system of claim 19, wherein the laser beam has a wavelength in the short wavelength infrared (SWIR) region.

27. 20. The system of claim 19, wherein the electronic device is one of an electronic faucet, a remote electronic sensor, an information display screen, an electronically operated window shade, an electronically operated window, an electronic label, and an electronically operated camera system.

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