Solar cell screen plate and solar cell, photovoltaic module

Abstract

The present invention discloses a solar cell screen plate and a solar cell, a photovoltaic module. [Solution] A solar cell screen plate includes a plurality of sub-grid lines arranged in parallel and a plurality of reinforcing grids, each of the sub-grid lines including a plurality of cut portions, each of the reinforcing grids being located at each of the cut portions, the reinforcing grids being parallel to the sub-grid lines, both ends of the reinforcing grids being in electrical contact with regions of the sub-grid lines other than the cut portions, the reinforcing grids being used to make electrical contact with PV ribbons, and wherein a printing paste of the reinforcing grids is different from a printing paste of the sub-grid lines.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] (CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS) This application claims priority from Chinese patent application No. 202320021230.0, entitled “Solar Cell Screen Plate and Solar Cell”, filed on Jan. 5, 2023, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. FIELD OF THEINVENTION

[0002] FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of photovoltaic cells, and in particular to solar cell screen plates and solar cells, photovoltaic modules. [Background technology]

[0003] A solar cell is a device that converts light energy directly into electrical energy through photoelectric or photochemical effects. A single solar cell cannot generate electricity directly. It can only be used when multiple solar cells are connected in series or parallel using PV ribbons and packaged strictly as a module. A solar cell module (also called a solar panel) is the core and most important part of a solar power generation system. The role of a solar cell module is to convert solar energy into electrical energy, send it to a battery for storage, or power the operation of equipment.

[0004] The battery cells are very fragile, and in order to protect the battery cells, adhesive films and cover plates need to be installed on the upper and lower surfaces of the battery module. The cover plate is generally photovoltaic glass, and the photovoltaic glass cannot be directly attached to the upper surface of the battery cell, so an adhesive film is needed to play an adhesive role. The connection between the battery cells usually requires a PV ribbon to collect current, and in ordinary PV ribbons, the PV ribbon and the thin grid need to be alloyed by soldering during soldering. However, the melting point of the solder in the PV ribbon is generally high, and in the actual soldering process, the soldering temperature is more than 20°C higher than the melting point of the solder. The battery cells have a large warping deformation during soldering, so there is a large risk of hidden cracks after soldering and a high rate of fragmentation. Under the above background, low-temperature PV ribbon and main gridless technology have been born to improve the soldering quality, but there are many factors that affect the yield of the module, such as the soldering effect between the PV ribbon and the thin grid and the soldering yield. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a solar cell screen plate and a solar cell, a photovoltaic module.

[0006] According to some embodiments of the present application, in one form of the embodiment of the present application, a solar cell screen version is provided, the solar cell screen version comprising 16 main grid lines arranged in parallel, and sub-grid lines and a reinforcing grid arranged in parallel, the sub-grid lines being perpendicular to the main grid lines, the sub-grid lines including cuts, the cuts being located at intersections of the main grid lines and the sub-grid lines, the reinforcing grid being located at the cuts, the reinforcing grid being parallel to the sub-grid lines, and the main grid lines passing through the reinforcing grid.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present application, in another aspect of the embodiment of the present application, there is further provided a solar cell screen plate, the solar cell screen plate comprising: a plurality of sub-grid lines arranged in parallel; and a plurality of reinforcing grids, each of the sub-grid lines including a plurality of cuts, each of the reinforcing grids being located at each of the cuts, the reinforcing grid lines being parallel to the sub-grid lines, both ends of the reinforcing grids being in electrical contact with the regions of the sub-grid lines other than the cuts, the reinforcing grids being used to electrically contact the main grid lines or to electrically contact the PV ribbons, wherein a printing paste of the reinforcing grids is different from a printing paste of the sub-grid lines.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present application, in another aspect of the embodiment of the present application, there is further provided a solar cell screen plate, the solar cell screen plate comprising: a plurality of sub-grid lines arranged in parallel; and a plurality of reinforcing grids, each of the sub-grid lines including a plurality of cuts, each of the reinforcing grids being located at each of the cuts, the reinforcing grids being parallel to the sub-grid lines, both ends of the reinforcing grids being in electrical contact with regions of the sub-grid lines other than the cuts, the reinforcing grids being used to make electrical contact with the PV ribbons, wherein a printing paste of the reinforcing grids is different from a printing paste of the sub-grid lines.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present application, in another aspect of the embodiment of the present application, there is further provided a solar cell, the solar cell including the solar cell screen plate according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present application, in another form of the embodiments of the present application, there is further provided a photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module comprising: a cell string formed by connecting a plurality of solar cells as described in any one of the above embodiments; a PV ribbon for connecting the solar cells; a sealing adhesive film for covering a surface of the cell string and a surface of the PV ribbon; and a cover plate for covering a surface of the sealing adhesive film remote from the cell string. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0011] One or more embodiments are illustratively described in the figures in the corresponding attached drawings, but these illustrative descriptions are not intended to limit the embodiments, and the parts indicated with the same reference numerals in the attached drawings are similar parts, and unless otherwise specified, the figures in the attached drawings are not limited to scale. In order to more clearly explain the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below, but obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative labor. [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a solar cell screen plate. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a solar cell screen plate. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a spot weld in a solar cell screen plate. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a solar cell. [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 is a top view of sub-grid lines on a solar cell screen version. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a top view of the reinforcing grid of the solar cell screen version. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a top view of one embodiment of a solar screen plate. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a first type of cross-sectional structure taken along the line A1-A2 of FIG. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a second type of cross-sectional structure taken along line A1-A2 of FIG. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a top view of a second embodiment of the solar cell screen plate. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a first type of cross-sectional structure taken along the line A1-A2 of FIG. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a second type of cross-sectional structure taken along the line A1-A2 of FIG. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a first schematic diagram of a reinforcing grid in a solar cell screen plate. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a second schematic diagram of a reinforcing grid in a solar cell screen plate. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the structure of a photovoltaic module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0012] Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, unless otherwise specified, the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the formulas and values ​​described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention.

[0013] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is intended to be exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the present application, its application, or uses.

[0014] Techniques, methods and apparatus well known to those skilled in the art may not be described in detail, but where appropriate, said techniques, methods and apparatus should be considered part of the description.

[0015] In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be construed as merely illustrative and not limiting, and therefore other examples of the example embodiments may have different values.

[0016] It should be noted that like symbols and letters indicate like items in the following drawings, and thus, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further considered in the next drawing.

[0017] Hereinafter, each embodiment of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, as will be understood by those skilled in the art, although many technical details are proposed in each embodiment of the present application in order to allow the reader to understand the present application better, the technical solution claimed for protection by the present application can be realized without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments.

[0018] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a solar cell screen plate, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a solar cell screen plate, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a spot weld in the solar cell screen plate, FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a solar cell, FIG. 5 is a top view of a sub-grid line in the solar cell screen plate, FIG. 6 is a top view of a reinforcing grid in the solar cell screen plate, FIG. 7 is a top view of an embodiment of the solar cell screen plate, and FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along A1-A2 in FIG. FIG. 10 is a top view of a second embodiment of a solar cell screen plate, FIG. 11 is a view showing a first type of cross-sectional structure along A1-A2 of FIG. 10, FIG. 12 is a view showing a second type of cross-sectional structure along A1-A2 of FIG. 10, FIG. 13 is a first schematic diagram of a reinforcing grid in the solar cell screen plate, and FIG. 14 is a second schematic diagram of the reinforcing grid in the solar cell screen plate.

[0019] As shown in Figs. 1 to 14, the solar cell screen plate includes a plurality of sub-grid lines 20 arranged in parallel and a plurality of reinforcing grids 30, each sub-grid line 20 includes a plurality of cuts 21, each reinforcing grid 30 is located at each cut 21, the reinforcing grid 30 is parallel to the sub-grid lines 20, both ends of the reinforcing grid 30 are in electrical contact with the regions of the sub-grid lines 20 other than the cuts 21, the reinforcing grid 30 is used to make electrical contact with the main grid lines 10 or the PV ribbons 40, and the printing paste of the reinforcing grid 30 is different from the printing paste of the sub-grid lines 20.

[0020] In some embodiments, the solar screen plate is a part of a solar cell, which may be any one of a regular IBC cell (Interdigitated Back Contact), a TOPCON (Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact) cell, a PERC cell (Passivated emitter and real cell), a heterojunction cell, etc. In some embodiments, the solar cell may be a compound cell, which may include, but is not limited to, silicon germanium, silicon carbide, gallium arsenide, indium gallide, perovskite, cadmium telluride, copper indium selenide, etc.

[0021] The solar cell includes a substrate 100 and a passivation layer 101, which are stacked in sequence. The material of the substrate 100 may be an elemental semiconductor material. Specifically, the elemental semiconductor material is made of a single element, for example, silicon. Here, the elemental semiconductor material may be in a single crystalline state, a polycrystalline state, an amorphous state, or a microcrystalline state (a state having both a single crystalline state and an amorphous state is called a microcrystalline state), for example, the silicon may be at least one of single crystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, or microcrystalline silicon.

[0022] In some embodiments, the material of the substrate 100 may be a compound semiconductor material. Typical compound semiconductor materials include, but are not limited to, materials such as silicon germanium, silicon carbide, gallium arsenide, indium gallium, perovskites, cadmium telluride, copper indium selenide, etc. The substrate 100 may be a sapphire substrate, a silicon-on-insulator substrate, or a germanium-on-insulator substrate.

[0023] In some embodiments, the substrate 100 may be an N-type semiconductor substrate or a P-type semiconductor substrate. In an N-type semiconductor substrate, an N-type doping element is doped, which may be any of the group V elements, such as phosphorus (P), bismuth (Bi), antimony (Sb), or arsenic (As). In a P-type semiconductor substrate, an P-type doping element is doped, which may be any of the group III elements, such as boron (B), aluminum (Al), gallium (Ga), or indium (In).

[0024] The substrate 100 includes opposing first and second sides. If the solar cell is a non-IBC cell, the solar cell includes an emitter and a first passivation layer located on the first side of the substrate and a second passivation layer located on the second side of the substrate, with a first electrode penetrating the first passivation layer in electrical contact with the emitter and a second electrode penetrating the thickness of the second passivation layer in electrical contact with the second side. If the passivation layer 101 is the first passivation layer, the sub-grid lines 20 are the first electrode, and if the passivation layer 101 is the second passivation layer, the sub-grid lines 20 are the second electrode.

[0025] When the solar cell is an IBC cell, the solar cell includes a first passivation layer located on a first side of the substrate 100, a first doping region and a second doping region located on the first side of the substrate and arranged at a space between each other, a second passivation layer covers the first doping region and the second doping region, a first electrode penetrates the second passivation layer to electrically contact the first doping region, and a second electrode penetrates the second passivation layer to electrically contact the second doping region. The passivation layer 101 is the second passivation layer, and the sub-grid lines 20 are the first electrode or the second electrode.

[0026] In some embodiments, when the solar cell is a TOPCON cell, the solar cell further includes a stacked tunnel dielectric layer and a doped conductive layer, where the tunnel dielectric layer is located on the surface of the substrate 100 and the sub-grid lines 20 burn through the passivation layer 101 to make electrical contact with the doped conductive layer.

[0027] In some embodiments, the material of the passivation layer 101 includes any one or more of the following materials: silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, silicon oxycarbonitride, titanium oxide, hafnium oxide, or aluminum oxide.

[0028] In some embodiments, the sub-grid lines 20 are sub-grids of a solar cell, and the sub-grid lines 20 can be formed by sintering a burn-through paste. A method for forming the sub-grid lines 20 includes printing a metal paste on a portion of a surface of a passivation layer using a screen printing process. The metal paste can include at least one of silver, aluminum, copper, tin, gold, lead, or nickel. A sintering process is performed on the metal paste. In some embodiments, the metal paste includes a highly corrosive component such as glass, and the corrosive component corrodes the passivation layer 101 during sintering, so that the metal paste penetrates the passivation layer and makes electrical contact with the substrate 100.

[0029] In some embodiments, each sub-grid line 20 includes a plurality of cuts 21 and first grid lines 22, and the cuts 21 refer to discontinuities between adjacent first grid lines 22, i.e., no metal paste is printed in the areas between the first grid lines 22, and the areas between the sub-grid lines 20 are disconnected.

[0030] In some embodiments, the solar cell is a main grid cell, i.e., the solar cell further includes main grid lines 10, which are used to electrically contact the PV ribbons 40, thereby improving the soldering performance between the PV ribbons 40 and the solar cell and increasing the yield of the photovoltaic module. The composition of the printing paste for the main grid lines 10 is different from the composition of the printing paste for the sub-grid lines 20, such that the printing paste for the main grid lines 10 does not burn through the passivation layer 101 and does not make electrical contact with the substrate, whereas the printing paste for the sub-grid lines 20 burns through the passivation layer 101 and makes electrical contact with the substrate 100 during the sintering process.

[0031] In some embodiments, both ends of the reinforcing grid 30 are in electrical contact with the first grid lines 22. If the solar cell is a main-grid battery, the reinforcing grid 30 is in electrical contact with the main grid lines 10 to improve soldering performance between the main grid lines 10 and the sub-grid lines 20. If the solar cell is a main-gridless battery, the reinforcing grid 30 is in electrical contact with the PV ribbons 40 to improve soldering performance between the battery cell and the PV ribbons 40.

[0032] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of PV ribbons 40 can be circular, as shown in Figure 11, where circular PV ribbons eliminate orientation and alignment issues and are easy to mass-produce. In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of PV ribbons 40 can be triangular, rectangular, or any other shape, which can increase the contact area between the PV ribbons and the stiffening grid and reduce misalignment issues between the PV ribbons 40 and the stiffening grid.

[0033] In some embodiments, the dimensions of the PV ribbons 40 are between 160 and 300 μm, and the number of PV ribbons provided in one battery cell is between 12 and 30. The dimensions of the PV ribbons 40 are between 160 and 180 μm, 181 and 200 μm, 201 and 220 μm, 221 and 240 μm, 241 and 280 μm, and 281 and 300 μm.

[0034] In some embodiments, the printing paste of the reinforcing grid 30 is different from that of the sub-grid lines 20, and the printing paste of the reinforcing grid 30 is the same as that of the main grid lines 10, so that the reinforcing grid 30 makes electrical contact with the first grid lines 22 without penetrating the thickness of the passivation layer 101, thereby ensuring good contact performance between the reinforcing grid 30 and the PV ribbons 40, and the reinforcing grid 30 does not need to burn through the passivation layer 101, which can shorten the sintering process time and reduce the thermal damage of the battery cells.

[0035] In some embodiments, along the length direction X of the sub-grid lines 20, the side of the reinforcing grid 30 is in electrical contact with the area of ​​the sub-grid lines 20 other than the cut portions 21. The side of the reinforcing grid 20 is in electrical contact with the side of the first grid lines 22. In some embodiments, along the thickness direction of the sub-grid lines 20, either the top or bottom end surface of the reinforcing grid 30 is in electrical contact with the first grid lines 22, which increases the contact area between the first grid lines 22 and the reinforcing grid 30 and also reduces the problem of misalignment during overprinting of the first grid lines 22 and the reinforcing grid 30, thereby increasing the yield of battery cells.

[0036] In some embodiments, the length of the reinforcing grid 30 along the length direction Y of the sub-grid lines 20 is L, and 0.05 mm≦L≦1.5 mm. Here, L may be L2 in FIG. 1, FIG. 8, and FIG. 9, or L4 in FIG. 11-FIG. 12. When the solar cell is a main-grid cell, the length of the reinforcing grid 30 can ensure that the area serving as the reference for alignment between the main grid lines 10 and the reinforcing grid 30 is large, which can improve the accuracy of the main grid lines 10 and the sub-grid lines 20 and enhance the connection performance of the main grid lines 10 and the sub-grid lines 20. If the length of the reinforcing grid 30 is too long, the current collection area of ​​the cell is reduced and the cell efficiency is reduced. Similarly, when the solar cell is a main-gridless cell, the length of the reinforcing grid 30 can ensure the alignment area between the PV ribbons 40 and the reinforcing grid 30, which can ensure that the contact areas of the PV ribbons 40 and the cells are all reinforcing grids 30, which can enhance the contact area and contact performance between the cells and the PV ribbons 40. Similarly, if the length of the reinforcing grid 30 is too long, it will reduce the current collection area of ​​the cell, lowering the efficiency of the battery.

[0037] 13, the solar cell screen plate further includes auxiliary spot welds 31 located on both sides of the reinforcing grid 30, with some lengths of the auxiliary spot welds 31 overlapping and in electrical contact with the areas of the sub-grid lines 20 other than the cut portions 21. The auxiliary spot welds 31 and the reinforcing grid 30 are an integrally molded structure, and the auxiliary spot welds 31 are also made from the printing paste of the main grid.

[0038] In some embodiments, the auxiliary spot welds 31 are used to improve the alignment between the reinforcing grid 30 and the sub-grid lines 20, which can avoid problems such as displacement and misalignment between the sub-grid lines 20 and the reinforcing grid 30, excessive contact resistance between the sub-grid lines 20 and the reinforcing grid 30, and grid breakage. The auxiliary spot welds 31 are also used to increase the contact area between the reinforcing grid 30 and the sub-grid lines 20, which can ensure the connection performance between the reinforcing grid 30 and the sub-grid lines 20, and thus the soldering performance between the PV ribbons 40 and the battery cells, and can avoid unsoldering between the PV ribbons 40 and the battery cells.

[0039] In some embodiments, along the thickness direction of the sub-grid lines 20, the regions of the sub-grid lines 20 other than the cuts 21 are in electrical contact with the top surfaces of some of the auxiliary spot welds 31, or the regions of the sub-grid lines 20 other than the cuts 21 are in electrical contact with the bottom surfaces of some of the auxiliary spot welds 31. Along the thickness direction of the sub-grid lines 20, the first grid lines 22 are in electrical contact with the top surfaces of some of the auxiliary spot welds 31, or the first grid lines 22 are in electrical contact with the bottom surfaces of some of the auxiliary spot welds 31. Compared to electrical contact between the side surfaces of the first grid lines 22 and the auxiliary spot welds 31 along the length direction X of the sub-grid lines 20, this increases the contact area between the auxiliary spot welds 31 and the first grid lines 22, reduces the contact resistance between the first grid lines 22 and the auxiliary spot welds 31, and ultimately improves battery efficiency.

[0040] In some embodiments, the width of the auxiliary spot welds 31 along the array direction Y of the sub-grid lines 20 is greater than the width of the sub-grid lines 20. The larger width of the auxiliary spot welds 31 can ensure a larger deviation range between each sub-grid line 20 and the reinforcing grid 30 when printing the auxiliary spot welds 31 and then secondarily overprinting the sub-grid lines 20, thereby increasing the yield of the battery cells.

[0041] Although the width of the auxiliary spot welds 31 is larger than the width of the sub-grid lines 20, it should not be too large so as to reduce the shaded area of ​​the solar cell and increase the cell efficiency.

[0042] In some embodiments, the auxiliary spot welds 31 may be square as shown in Figure 2 or trapezoidal as shown in Figure 13. The shape of the auxiliary spot welds is not particularly limited in this application, as long as the width of the auxiliary spot welds is greater than the width of the sub-grid lines.

[0043] In some embodiments, the length L3 of the auxiliary spot welds 31 in the length direction X of the sub-grid lines is in the range of 0.05 mm≦L3≦1.5 mm. The length L3 is used to ensure a sufficient contact area between the first grid lines 22 and the auxiliary spot welds 31.

[0044] In some embodiments, the length of the overlapping portion of the auxiliary spot welds 31 and the regions of the sub-grid lines 20 other than the cut portions 21 is designated as L5, and satisfies 0.05 mm≦L5≦1.5 mm. The overlapping length of the auxiliary spot welds 31 and the first grid lines 22 is L5, and since the reinforcing grid 30 and the first grid lines 22 are also in electrical contact, the length L5 of the portion shown in FIG. 13 is equal to the length L3 of the auxiliary spot welds 31 in the longitudinal direction X of the sub-grid lines 20.

[0045] In some embodiments, the width of the auxiliary spot weld 31 in the arrangement direction Y of the sub-grid lines 20 on the side away from the reinforcing grid 30 is defined as a first width W1, and the width of the contact surface of the auxiliary spot weld 31 and the reinforcing grid 30 in the arrangement direction Y of the sub-grid lines 20 is defined as a second width W2, where the first width W1 is greater than the second width W2. Thus, when the sub-grid lines are secondarily overprinted, the auxiliary spot weld 31 with the larger first width W1 can ensure a larger deviation range between each sub-grid line 20 and the reinforcing grid 30, thereby increasing the yield of the battery cells. In addition, the difference between the first width W1 and the second width W2 allows the side of the auxiliary spot weld 31 in the arrangement direction Y of the sub-grid lines 20 to become a guide slot, which can reduce the shielding area of ​​the auxiliary spot weld 31 and simultaneously increase the success rate of alignment between the sub-grid lines 20 and the reinforcing grid 30.

[0046] In some embodiments, the first width W1 is in the range of 0.02 mm≦W1≦1.5 mm. The first width W1 may be in the range of 0.02 mm to 0.8 mm, 0.18 mm to 1.39 mm, 0.2 mm to 1.5 mm, 0.9 mm to 1.48 mm, 0.5 mm to 1 mm, 0.6 mm to 1.3 mm, or 0.09 mm to 0.8 mm. The first width W1 may be 0.06 mm, 0.58 mm, 0.77 mm, 0.98 mm, 1.19 mm, 1.28 mm, 1.33 mm, 1.42 mm, or 1.5 mm.

[0047] The second width W2 may be in the range of 0.02 mm≦W2≦2 mm. The second width W2 may be in the range of 0.02 mm to 1.21 mm, 0.18 mm to 1.68 mm, 0.2 mm to 1.97 mm, 0.9 mm to 1.59 mm, 0.5 mm to 1.31 mm, 0.6 mm to 1.38 mm, or 0.09 mm to 0.94 mm. The second width W2 may be 0.06 mm, 0.78 mm, 1.22 mm, 1.58 mm, 1.67 mm, 1.78 mm, 1.87 mm, 1.92 mm, or 2 mm.

[0048] 14, the reinforcing grid 30 includes a first portion 33 and a second portion 32 along the length direction X of the sub-grid lines 20, the first portion 33 being in contact with the first grid lines 22, and the second portion 32 being in contact with the PV ribbons 40 or the main grid lines 10. The third width W3 of the first portion 33 at one end away from the second portion 32 is greater than the fourth width W4 of the contact surface between the first portion 33 and the second portion 32. When the sub-grid lines 20 are secondarily overprinted, the first portion 33 with the larger third width W3 ensures a larger deviation range between each sub-grid line 20 and the reinforcing grid 30, thereby improving the yield of the battery cells. In addition, the difference between the third width W3 and the fourth width W4 allows the side of the first portion 33 in the arrangement direction Y of the sub-grid lines 20 to become a guide slot, which reduces the shielding area of ​​the reinforcing grid 30 and increases the success rate of alignment between the sub-grid lines 20 and the reinforcing grid 30.

[0049] In some embodiments, the length L7 of the second portion 32 is in the range of 0.01 mm≦L7≦1.5 mm. The range of L7 may be 0.01 mm to 0.17 mm, 0.18 mm to 1.31 mm, 0.23 mm to 1.5 mm, 0.88 mm to 1.48 mm, 0.5 mm to 1.1 mm, 0.6 mm to 1.27 mm, or 0.09 mm to 0.92 mm. L7 may be 0.01 mm, 0.29 mm, 0.38 mm, 0.76 mm, 1.02 mm, 1.16 mm, 1.29 mm, 1.41 mm, or 1.5 mm.

[0050] In some embodiments, the length L8 of the first portion 33 is in the range of 0.05 mm≦L8≦1.5 mm. The range of L8 may be 0.06 mm to 0.17 mm, 0.2 mm to 1.38 mm, 0.25 mm to 1.48 mm, 0.93 mm to 1.42 mm, 0.46 mm to 1.12 mm, 0.7 mm to 1.8 mm, or 0.14 mm to 1.45 mm. L8 may be 0.05 mm, 0.28 mm, 0.41 mm, 0.86 mm, 1.08 mm, 1.14 mm, 1.24 mm, 1.43 mm, or 1.5 mm.

[0051] In some embodiments, the third width W3 is in the range of 0.02 mm≦W3≦1.5 mm. The third width W3 may be in the range of 0.02 mm to 0.8 mm, 0.18 mm to 1.39 mm, 0.2 mm to 1.5 mm, 0.9 mm to 1.48 mm, 0.5 mm to 1 mm, 0.6 mm to 1.3 mm, or 0.09 mm to 0.8 mm. The third width W3 may be 0.06 mm, 0.58 mm, 0.77 mm, 0.98 mm, 1.19 mm, 1.28 mm, 1.33 mm, 1.42 mm, or 1.5 mm.

[0052] The fourth width W4 may be in the range of 0.02 mm≦W4≦2 mm. The fourth width W4 may be in the range of 0.02 mm to 1.21 mm, 0.18 mm to 1.68 mm, 0.2 mm to 1.97 mm, 0.9 mm to 1.59 mm, 0.5 mm to 1.31 mm, 0.6 mm to 1.38 mm, or 0.09 mm to 0.94 mm. The fourth width W4 may be 0.06 mm, 0.78 mm, 1.22 mm, 1.58 mm, 1.67 mm, 1.78 mm, 1.87 mm, 1.92 mm, or 2 mm.

[0053] Below, an embodiment in which the solar cell is a main grid battery and an embodiment in which the solar cell is a main gridless battery will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0054] When the solar cell is a main grid battery, in the photovoltaic industry, the ordinary two-part module is connected to the battery cell by soldering the PV ribbon. With the development of battery cells, at present, MBB and bifacial cell technology in battery cell design have become the mainstream technology of crystalline silicon batteries. The mutual contact between the PV ribbon and the main grid line has also become more important with the development of SMBB technology. Compared with the traditional 9-main grid battery cell, the traditional 16-main grid design battery cell has increased the number of main grids, narrowed the width of one main grid connection line, and optimized the design of the spot welding part, thereby reducing the shading area and improving the battery collection capacity, increasing the battery conversion efficiency by more than 0.3%, and reducing the unit consumption of silver paste by more than 10 mg. However, the increase in the number of main grids also brings challenges to improving the soldering effect of the PV ribbon. Due to the different heights of the main grid and the sub-grid, the boundary between the main grid and the sub-grid will have the problem of poor soldering due to the PV ribbon protuberance.

[0055] In view of this, the embodiments of the present application provide a solar cell screen plate and a solar cell for improving the problem of poor soldering of PV ribbons.

[0056] As shown in FIG. 1 , the present application provides a solar cell screen plate 100, comprising 16 main grid lines 10 arranged in parallel, sub-grid lines 20 arranged in parallel, and a reinforcing grid 30, where the sub-grid lines 20 are perpendicular to the main grid lines 10, the sub-grid lines 20 include cuts 21, the cuts 21 are located at the intersections of the main grid lines 10 and the sub-grid lines 20, the reinforcing grid 30 is located at the cuts 21, the reinforcing grid 30 is parallel to the sub-grid lines 20, and the main grid lines 10 penetrate the reinforcing grid 30.

[0057] Specifically, in a solar cell, sub-grid lines 20 are provided across the solar cell and are used to collect the current generated by the photovoltaic effect, and main grid lines 10 work with the sub-grid lines 20 to transport the current, which is then used to conduct the current in a circuit by means of the PV ribbons 40 soldered to the main grid lines 10. The solar cell screen plate 100 provided by the present application includes 16 main grid lines 10 and a plurality of sub-grid lines 20, the main grid lines 10 are parallel to each other, the sub-grid lines 20 are parallel to each other, the sub-grid lines 20 are perpendicular to the main grid lines 10, the pitch between the main grid lines 10 is 10.8 mm, the distance between the sub-grid lines 20 is 1.4 mm to 1.6 mm, the sub-grid lines 20 include cuts 21, the cuts 21 are located at the intersections of the main grid lines 10 and the sub-grid lines 20, and a reinforcing grid 30 is provided at the cuts 21, the reinforcing grid 30 is parallel to the sub-grid lines 20, and the main grid lines 10 penetrate the reinforcing grid 30. This arrangement solves the problem of poor soldering caused by a bulge in the PV ribbon 40 at the boundary between the main grid lines 10 and the sub-grid lines 20 due to a step between the sub-grid lines 20 and the main grid lines 10. At the same time, because the sub-grid lines 20 include the cut portions 21 and the first grid lines 22, the amount of paste used for the sub-grid lines 20 is reduced, thereby reducing manufacturing costs.

[0058] In one alternative embodiment provided by the present application, the solar cell screen version 100 includes 16 main grid lines and 116 sub-grid lines.

[0059] As can be seen, in the step-by-step printing process of the solar cell, the printing pastes of the main grid lines 10 and the sub-grid lines 20 are different, and the solid content in the main grid lines 10 is lower, so the height of the main grid lines 10 is lower than that of the sub-grid lines 20, and the step between the main grid lines 10 and the sub-grid lines 20 causes the PV ribbons 40 to be suspended at the connection between the main grid lines 10 and the sub-grid lines 20, resulting in poor soldering of the PV ribbons 40. In the present application, the problem of poor soldering of the PV ribbons 40 at the connection between the main grid lines 10 and the sub-grid lines 20 is solved by providing the cutouts 21 and the reinforcing grids 30. Here, the main components of the paste of the main grid lines 10 are silver powder, aluminum powder, glass powder, organic carriers and additives. The main components of the paste of the sub-grid lines 20 are the same as those of the paste of the main grid lines 10, but the ratio of each component is different, the ratio of silver powder is reduced, and the content of aluminum powder and glass powder is increased.

[0060] Continuing to refer to FIG. 1, in one alternative embodiment provided by the present application, the length of the cuts 21 in the longitudinal direction of the sub-grid lines 20 is designated as L1, where 0.3 mm≦L1≦1.2 mm.

[0061] Specifically, if the length L1 of the cut portion 21 in the longitudinal direction of the sub-grid line 20 is less than 0.3 mm, the cut portion 21 does not reserve a sufficient position relative to the main grid line 10 and the reinforcing grid 30, and the problem of poor soldering at the boundary between the main grid line 10 and the sub-grid line 20 cannot be sufficiently improved. If the length L1 of the cut portion 21 in the longitudinal direction of the sub-grid line 20 is greater than 1.2 mm, the cut distance is too large, which may affect the collection of current due to the photoelectric effect of the sub-grid line 20. If the length L1 of the cut portion 21 in the longitudinal direction of the sub-grid line 20 is 0.3 mm≦L1≦1.2 mm, the problem of poor soldering at the boundary between the main grid line 10 and the sub-grid line 20 can be improved, and at the same time, the effect of the cut portion 21 on the sub-grid line 20 can be minimized.

[0062] In one alternative embodiment provided by the present application, L1 = 0.4 mm. In another alternative embodiment provided by the present application, L1 = 0.7 mm. In another alternative embodiment provided by the present application, L1 = 1.2 mm. In another alternative embodiment provided by the present application, 0.4 mm ≦ L1 ≦ 0.8 mm. In another alternative embodiment provided by the present application, 0.6 mm ≦ L1 ≦ 1.2 mm.

[0063] Continuing to refer to FIG. 2, in one alternative embodiment provided by the present application, the length of the reinforcing grid 30 in the longitudinal direction of the sub-grid lines 20 is designated L2, where 0.5 mm≦L2≦1.5 mm.

[0064] Specifically, the reinforcing grid 30 is located at the cut portion 21 and is parallel to the sub-grid lines 20, the main grid lines 10 pass through the reinforcing grid 30, and the length L2 of the reinforcing grid 30 in the longitudinal direction of the sub-grid lines 20 is slightly longer than the length L1 of the sub-grid lines 20 in the longitudinal direction of the cut portion 21. This can better ensure the connection between the sub-grid lines 20 and the main grid lines 10 and also solve the problem of poor soldering caused by the PV ribbons 40 being suspended.

[0065] In one alternative embodiment provided by the present application, L2=0.5 mm. In another alternative embodiment provided by the present application, L2=0.8 mm. In another alternative embodiment provided by the present application, L2=1.4 mm. In another alternative embodiment provided by the present application, 0.5 mm≦L2≦1.0 mm. In another alternative embodiment provided by the present application, 0.8 mm≦L2≦1.5 mm.

[0066] With continued reference to FIG. 1, in one alternative embodiment provided by the present application, the reinforcing grid 30 and the main grid lines 10 are printed with the same paste and are integrated together.

[0067] Specifically, the reinforcing grid 30 is printed during the printing process of the main grid lines 10, and the paste of the main grid lines 10 is used for the reinforcing grid 30, so that the reinforcing grid 30 and the main grid connection lines are printed integrally without crossing the thin grid, thereby effectively solving the problem of poor soldering caused by the overhead of the PV ribbons 40. The main grid lines 10 and the reinforcing grid 30 are printed integrally using the same paste, so there is no need to add new printing paste during the manufacturing process, making production easy.

[0068] 1 and 2, another alternative embodiment provided by the present application further includes auxiliary spot welds 31 located on both sides of the reinforcing grid 30.

[0069] Specifically, auxiliary spot welds 31 are provided on both sides of the reinforcing grid 30 at positions 0.4 mm to 0.5 mm away from the main grid lines. As can be seen, due to the insufficient edge width of the reinforcing grid 30, the overprinting of the main grid lines 10 and the sub-grid lines 20 is misaligned, i.e., the main grid lines 10 and the sub-grid lines 20 are not connected, and the overprinting accuracy does not reach 18 μm on both edges of the reinforcing grid 30. This allows the auxiliary spot welds 31 to be increased to expand the adjacent allowable area to 30 μm.

[0070] In another alternative embodiment provided by the present application, the reinforcing grid 30 has auxiliary spot welds 31 on each side, spaced 0.435 mm from the main grid lines 10 .

[0071] With continued reference to FIG. 2, in another alternative embodiment provided by the present application, the auxiliary spot weld 31 is square with a side length L3, where 0.02 mm≦L3≦0.04 mm.

[0072] Specifically, square auxiliary spot welds 31 are added on both sides of the reinforcing grid 30 to improve the overprint misregistration problem between the main grid lines 10 and the sub-grid lines 20. The side length of the square auxiliary spot welds 31 is L3, and 0.02 mm≦L3≦0.04 mm. In one alternative embodiment provided by the present application, L3=0.03 mm. In another alternative embodiment provided by the present application, L3=0.02 mm. In another alternative embodiment provided by the present application, L3=0.04 mm.

[0073] Referring to FIG. 3, one optional embodiment provided by the present application further includes spot welds 50, the shape of which is an irregular pattern of first triangles 51, first rectangles 52 and second triangles 53 that run through the length of the main grid lines 10, with the connections of the first triangles 51, first rectangles 52 and second triangles 53 being arc-shaped.

[0074] Specifically, the present application provides spot welds 50, which have an irregular pattern, and the specific shape of the spot welds 50 is an irregular pattern consisting of a first triangle 51, a first rectangle 52, and a second triangle 53 that penetrate along the length of the main grid lines 10, where the connections of the first triangle 51, the first rectangle 52, and the second triangle 53 are designed as chamfered arcs, which can prevent the edges and corners of the spot welds 50 from peeling off due to the gravitational force concentrated on the edges and corners of the spot welds 50 due to the heat-to-cold conversion during a thermal cycle reliability test, and thus can avoid an increase in the degree of module power attenuation.

[0075] With continued reference to FIG. 3, in one alternative embodiment provided by the present application, the height of the spot welds 50 in the width direction of the main grid lines 10 is H, where 0.3 mm≦H≦0.5 mm.

[0076] Specifically, the height H of the spot welds 50 in the width direction of the main grid lines 10 is 0.3 mm≦H≦0.5 mm, thereby reducing the area of ​​the spot welds 50, saving the material required to fabricate the spot welds 50, and reducing the production cost. In one alternative embodiment provided by the present application, H=0.3 mm. In another alternative embodiment provided by the present application, H=0.4 mm. In another alternative embodiment provided by the present application, H=0.5 mm. In another alternative embodiment provided by the present application, 0.3 mm≦H≦0.4 mm. In another alternative embodiment provided by the present application, 0.4 mm≦H≦0.5 mm.

[0077] Referring to FIG. 4, an embodiment of the present application provides a solar cell including any one of the solar cell screen plates provided by the above embodiments based on the same inventive concept.

[0078] In one alternative embodiment provided by the present application, the shape of the solar cell is square, with a side length D, where D=182 mm. The side length of the solar cell is D=182 mm, and the number of main grid lines 10 is 16.

[0079] As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 or 7 to 9 , in one alternative embodiment provided by the present application, the solar cell has a side length D=182 mm, includes 16 main grid lines 10 parallel to each other, and 132 sub-grid lines 20 parallel to each other, the sub-grid lines 20 are perpendicular to the main grid lines 10, the pitch between the main grid lines 10 is 10.8 mm, the distance between the sub-grid lines 20 is 1.5 mm, and at the connection between the main grid lines 10 and the sub-grid lines 20, the sub-grid lines 20 are aligned parallel to the main grid lines 10. The reinforcing grid 30 is printed in the printing process of the main grid lines 10, and the reinforcing grid 30 and the main grid lines 10 are printed with the same printing paste and are integrated together, so that the sub-grid lines 20 do not cross each other and all areas soldered with the PV ribbons 40 are printed with the paste of the main grid lines 10, effectively solving the problem of poor soldering caused by the PV ribbons 40 being adrift. The reinforcing grid 30 is provided with square auxiliary spot welds 31 at positions 0.435 mm away from the main grid lines on both sides of the reinforcing grid 30, and the side length L3 of the auxiliary spot welds 31 is 0.03 mm, improving the problem of misalignment of the overprinting of the main grid lines 10 and the sub-grid lines 20. The spot welds 50 are designed as irregular shapes, and the shape of the spot welds 50 is an irregular pattern consisting of a first triangle 51, a first rectangle 52, and a second triangle 53 that penetrate along the length of the main grid lines 10, and the connections of the first triangle 51, the first rectangle 52, and the second triangle 53 are arc-shaped, so that the attractive force caused by the heat-to-cold conversion is concentrated on the edges and corners of the spot welds 50 during the thermal cycle reliability test, which prevents the edges and corners of the spot welds 50 from peeling off, and thus prevents the increase in the degree of power decay of the module. At the same time, the height of the spot welds 50 in the width direction of the main grid lines 10 is H, which is 0.3 mm≦H≦0.5 mm, so that the area of ​​the spot welds 50 is reduced, the material required for making the spot welds 50 is saved, and the production cost is reduced.

[0080] It should be noted that the number and pitch of the main grid lines 10 and sub-grid lines 20 in the figures do not represent the actual number and pitch, but are merely illustrative.

[0081] As can be seen from the above examples, the solar cell screen plate and the solar cell provided in the embodiments of the present application achieve at least the following beneficial effects.

[0082] The present application provides a solar cell screen plate and a solar cell, the solar cell screen plate including 16 main grid lines arranged in parallel, sub-grid lines arranged in parallel, and a reinforcing grid, the sub-grid lines being perpendicular to the main grid lines, the sub-grid including a cut portion, the cut portion being located at the intersection of the main grid lines and the sub-grid lines, the reinforcing grid being located at the cut portion, the reinforcing grid being parallel to the sub-grid lines, and the main grid lines passing through the reinforcing grid. The solar cell includes the solar cell screen plate. This arrangement solves the problem of poor soldering caused by the PV ribbons protruding at the boundary between the main grid lines and the sub-grid lines due to the step between the sub-grid lines and the main grid lines, and the sub-grid lines including a cut portion, reducing the consumption of paste for the sub-grid lines and reducing the manufacturing cost.

[0083] When the solar cell is a main gridless cell, the solar cell screen plate includes a plurality of sub-grid lines 20 arranged in parallel and a plurality of reinforcing grids 30, each sub-grid line 20 includes a plurality of cuts 21, each reinforcing grid 30 is located at each cut 21, the reinforcing grid 30 is parallel to the sub-grid lines 20, both ends of the reinforcing grid 30 are in electrical contact with the regions of the sub-grid lines 20 other than the cuts 21, and the reinforcing grid 30 is in electrical contact with the PV ribbons 40, and the printing paste of the reinforcing grid 30 is different from the printing paste of the sub-grid lines 20.

[0084] In some embodiments, the width of the reinforcing grid 30 is larger than the width of the sub-grid lines 20 along the arrangement direction Y of the sub-grid lines 20. The width of the reinforcing grid 30 is used to increase the contact area between the reinforcing grid 30 and the PV ribbons 40, and thus increase the soldering area between the battery cells and the PV ribbons 40, thereby improving the soldering performance between the battery cells and the PV ribbons 40, thereby increasing the yield of the photovoltaic modules and avoiding unsoldering between the battery cells and the PV ribbons 40. Meanwhile, the width of the reinforcing grid 30 is used to increase the success rate of overprint alignment between the sub-grid lines 20 and the reinforcing grid 30. The width of the reinforcing grid 30 is larger than the width of the sub-grid lines 20, which ensures the soldering performance and the success rate of alignment, while at the same time reducing the usage amount of the sub-grid lines 20 and the shielding area of ​​the sub-grid lines 20, which is helpful in improving the battery efficiency.

[0085] In some embodiments, the length L4 of the reinforcing grid 30 satisfies 0.05 mm≦L4≦1.5 mm. The length L4 of the reinforcing grid 30 can ensure the alignment area between the PV ribbons 40 and the reinforcing grid 30, and ensure that the contact areas between the PV ribbons 40 and the battery cells are both the reinforcing grid 30, thereby improving the contact area and contact performance between the battery cells and the PV ribbons 40. If the reinforcing grid 30 is too long, it will reduce the current collection area of ​​the battery cells and reduce the battery efficiency.

[0086] In some embodiments, along the length direction X of the sub-grid lines 20, the sides of the reinforcing grid 30 are in electrical contact with the regions of the sub-grid lines 20 other than the cut portions 21. The sides of the reinforcing grid 30 are in electrical contact with the sides of the first grid lines 22. In some embodiments, along the length direction X of the sub-grid lines 20, one of the top and bottom end faces of the reinforcing grid 30 is in electrical contact with the first grid lines 22, increasing the contact area between the first grid lines 22 and the reinforcing grid 30, reducing misalignment problems during overprinting of the first grid lines 22 and the reinforcing grid 30, and increasing the yield of battery cells.

[0087] In some embodiments, the reinforcing grid 30 further includes auxiliary spot welds 31 located on both sides thereof, with some lengths of the auxiliary spot welds 31 overlapping and in electrical contact with the areas of the sub-grid lines 20 other than the cuts 21. The auxiliary spot welds 31 and the reinforcing grid 30 are an integrally molded structure, with the auxiliary spot welds 31 also being made from the printing paste of the main grid lines.

[0088] In some embodiments, the auxiliary spot welds 31 are used to improve the alignment accuracy between the reinforcing grid 30 and the sub-grid lines 20, so as to avoid problems such as displacement and misalignment between the sub-grid lines 20 and the reinforcing grid 30, excessive contact resistance between the sub-grid lines 20 and the reinforcing grid 30, and grid breakage. The auxiliary spot welds 31 are further used to increase the contact area between the reinforcing grid 30 and the sub-grid lines 20, so as to ensure the connection performance between the reinforcing grid 30 and the sub-grid lines 20, and thus the soldering performance between the PV ribbons 40 and the battery cells, and to avoid unsoldering between the PV ribbons 40 and the battery cells.

[0089] In some embodiments, along the thickness direction of the sub-grid lines 20, the regions of the sub-grid lines 20 other than the cuts 21 are in electrical contact with the top surfaces of some of the auxiliary spot welds 31, or the regions of the sub-grid lines 20 other than the cuts 21 are in electrical contact with the bottom surfaces of some of the auxiliary spot welds 31. Along the thickness direction of the sub-grid lines 20, the first grid lines 22 are in electrical contact with the top surfaces of some of the auxiliary spot welds 31, or the first grid lines 22 are in electrical contact with the bottom surfaces of some of the auxiliary spot welds 31. Compared to electrical contact between the side surfaces of the first grid lines 22 and the auxiliary spot welds 31 along the length direction X of the sub-grid lines 20, this increases the contact area between the auxiliary spot welds 31 and the first grid lines 22, reduces the contact resistance between the first grid lines 22 and the auxiliary spot welds 31, and ultimately improves battery efficiency.

[0090] In some embodiments, along the arrangement direction Y of the sub-grid lines 20, the width of the auxiliary spot welds 31 is greater than the width of the sub-grid lines 20, and the width of the auxiliary spot welds 31 is equal to or greater than the width of the reinforcing grid 30. If the width of the auxiliary spot welds 31 is large, then when the auxiliary spot welds 31 are printed and then the sub-grid lines 20 are secondarily overprinted, the wider auxiliary spot welds 31 can ensure a larger deviation range between each sub-grid line 20 and the reinforcing grid 30, thereby increasing the yield of battery cells.

[0091] It should be noted that the width of the auxiliary spot welds 31 is greater than the width of the sub-grid lines 20, but should not be too large, so as to reduce the shaded area of ​​the solar cell and increase the cell efficiency.

[0092] In some embodiments, the width of the auxiliary spot weld 31 in the arrangement direction of the sub-grid lines 20 on the side away from the reinforcing grid 30 is a first width W1, and the width of the contact surface between the auxiliary spot weld 31 and the reinforcing grid 30 in the arrangement direction Y of the sub-grid lines 20 is a second width W2, where the first width W1 is greater than the second width W2. In this way, when the sub-grid lines are secondarily overprinted, the auxiliary spot weld 31 having a large first width W1 can ensure a large deviation range between each sub-grid line 20 and the reinforcing grid 30, thereby increasing the yield of the battery cells. In addition, the difference between the first width W1 and the second width W2 allows the side of the auxiliary spot weld 31 in the arrangement direction Y of the sub-grid lines 20 to become a guide slot, which can reduce the shielding area of ​​the auxiliary spot weld 31 and at the same time increase the success rate of alignment between the sub-grid lines 20 and the reinforcing grid 30.

[0093] In some embodiments, the first width W1 satisfies 0.02 mm≦W1≦1.5 mm. The range of the first width W1 may be 0.02 mm to 0.8 mm, 0.18 mm to 1.39 mm, 0.2 mm to 1.5 mm, 0.9 mm to 1.48 mm, 0.5 mm to 1 mm, 0.6 mm to 1.3 mm, or 0.09 mm to 0.8 mm. The first width W1 may be 0.06 mm, 0.58 mm, 0.77 mm, 0.98 mm, 1.19 mm, 1.28 mm, 1.33 mm, 1.42 mm, or 1.5 mm.

[0094] The second width W2 may be in the range of 0.02 mm≦W2≦2 mm. The second width W2 may be in the range of 0.02 mm to 1.21 mm, 0.18 mm to 1.68 mm, 0.2 mm to 1.97 mm, 0.9 mm to 1.59 mm, 0.5 mm to 1.31 mm, 0.6 mm to 1.38 mm, or 0.09 mm to 0.94 mm. The second width W2 may be 0.06 mm, 0.78 mm, 1.22 mm, 1.58 mm, 1.67 mm, 1.78 mm, 1.87 mm, 1.92 mm, or 2 mm.

[0095] In some embodiments, the reinforcing grid 30 includes a first portion 33 and a second portion 32 along the length direction X of the sub-grid lines 20, the first portion 33 being in contact with the first grid lines 22, and the second portion 32 being in contact with the PV ribbons 40 or the main grid lines 10. The third width W3 of the first portion 33 at one end away from the second portion 32 is greater than the fourth width W4 of the contact surface between the first portion 33 and the second portion 32. When the sub-grid lines 20 are secondarily overprinted, the first portion 33 having the larger third width W3 can ensure a larger deviation range between each sub-grid line 20 and the reinforcing grid 30, thereby improving the yield of the battery cells. In addition, the difference between the third width W3 and the fourth width W4 allows the side of the first portion 33 along the arrangement direction Y of the sub-grid lines 20 to become a guide slot, which can reduce the shielding area of ​​the reinforcing grid 30 and at the same time increase the success rate of alignment between the sub-grid lines 20 and the reinforcing grid 30.

[0096] In some embodiments, the length L7 of the second portion 32 is in the range of 0.01 mm≦L7≦1.5 mm. The range of L7 may be 0.01 mm to 0.17 mm, 0.18 mm to 1.31 mm, 0.23 mm to 1.5 mm, 0.88 mm to 1.48 mm, 0.5 mm to 1.1 mm, 0.6 mm to 1.27 mm, or 0.09 mm to 0.92 mm. L7 may be 0.01 mm, 0.29 mm, 0.38 mm, 0.76 mm, 1.02 mm, 1.16 mm, 1.29 mm, 1.41 mm, or 1.5 mm.

[0097] In some embodiments, the length L8 of the first portion 33 is in the range of 0.05 mm≦L8≦1.5 mm. The range of L8 may be 0.06 mm to 0.17 mm, 0.2 mm to 1.38 mm, 0.25 mm to 1.48 mm, 0.93 mm to 1.42 mm, 0.46 mm to 1.12 mm, 0.7 mm to 1.8 mm, or 0.14 mm to 1.45 mm. L8 may be 0.05 mm, 0.28 mm, 0.41 mm, 0.86 mm, 1.08 mm, 1.14 mm, 1.24 mm, 1.43 mm, or 1.5 mm.

[0098] In some embodiments, the third width W3 is in the range of 0.02 mm≦W3≦1.5 mm. The third width W3 may be in the range of 0.02 mm to 0.8 mm, 0.18 mm to 1.39 mm, 0.2 mm to 1.5 mm, 0.9 mm to 1.48 mm, 0.5 mm to 1 mm, 0.6 mm to 1.3 mm, or 0.09 mm to 0.8 mm. The third width W3 may be 0.06 mm, 0.58 mm, 0.77 mm, 0.98 mm, 1.19 mm, 1.28 mm, 1.33 mm, 1.42 mm, or 1.5 mm.

[0099] The fourth width W4 may be in the range of 0.02 mm≦W2≦2 mm. The fourth width W4 may be in the range of 0.02 mm to 1.21 mm, 0.18 mm to 1.68 mm, 0.2 mm to 1.97 mm, 0.9 mm to 1.59 mm, 0.5 mm to 1.31 mm, 0.6 mm to 1.38 mm, or 0.09 mm to 0.94 mm. The fourth width W4 may be 0.06 mm, 0.78 mm, 1.22 mm, 1.58 mm, 1.67 mm, 1.78 mm, 1.87 mm, 1.92 mm, or 2 mm.

[0100] In some embodiments, the semiconductor device further includes a passivation layer 101, wherein the reinforcing grid 30 is located on a surface of the passivation layer 101, the sub-grid lines 20 are located on the surface of the passivation layer 101 and extend through a thickness of the passivation layer 101, and the auxiliary spot welds 31 do not extend through a thickness of the passivation layer 101.

[0101] In some embodiments, the length of the overlap between the auxiliary spot weld and the non-cut region of the sub-grid line 20 is designated L6, and satisfies 0.05 mm≦L6≦1.5 mm. The overlap length L6 between the auxiliary spot weld and the first grid line is the same as L5 in Fig. 14, and since the reinforcing grid 30 and the first grid line 22 are also in electrical contact, the partial length L5 shown in Fig. 14 is equal to the length L3 of the auxiliary spot weld in the longitudinal direction X of the sub-grid line 20.

[0102] In some embodiments, the length L4 of the reinforcing grid 30 along the length of the sub-grid lines 20 satisfies 0.02 mm≦L4≦2 mm. L4 may be in the range of 0.02 mm to 1.21 mm, 0.18 mm to 1.68 mm, 0.2 mm to 1.97 mm, 0.9 mm to 1.59 mm, 0.5 mm to 1.31 mm, 0.6 mm to 1.38 mm, or 0.09 mm to 0.94 mm. L4 may be 0.06 mm, 0.78 mm, 1.22 mm, 1.58 mm, 1.67 mm, 1.78 mm, 1.87 mm, 1.92 mm, or 2 mm.

[0103] In one alternative embodiment provided by the examples of the present application, a solar cell comprises a substrate 100, a passivation layer 101 located on a surface of the substrate 100, a plurality of sub-grid lines 20, and a reinforcing grid 30 located at the cuts 21, the sub-grid lines 20 including the cuts 21 and first grid lines 22, the first grid lines 22 burn-through a thickness of the passivation layer 101, the reinforcing grid 30 is in electrical contact with the first grid lines 22, the reinforcing grid 30 is in electrical contact with the PV ribbons 40, the reinforcing grid 30 is located on a surface of the passivation layer 101, and does not burn-through the passivation layer 101.

[0104] 10 to 12, in one alternative embodiment provided by the examples of the present application, the shape of the solar cell is a square, and the side length is D, where D=182 mm to 220 mm. In some examples, the side length of the solar cell may be 182 mm to 190 mm, 190 mm to 200 mm, 200 mm to 210 mm, or 210 mm to 220 mm.

[0105] In some embodiments, the number of sub-grid lines may be between 100 and 200. The battery cell has opposing first and second surfaces, and the number of sub-grid lines on the second surface is equal to or greater than the number of sub-grid lines on the first surface. For example, the first surface has 156 sub-grid lines and the second surface has 172 sub-grid lines.

[0106] In some embodiments, the solar cell has a side length D=182 mm. The solar cell includes 132 sub-grid lines 20 parallel to each other, with a distance between the sub-grid lines 20 of 1.5 mm.

[0107] It should be noted that the number and pitch of the sub-grid lines 20 in the figures do not represent the actual number and pitch, but are merely exemplary.

[0108] In some embodiments, the solar cell is a split cell. In some embodiments, the split cell is a two-split cell, which can be understood as a half-cut cell or a cell split into two. In other embodiments, the split cell can be a three-split cell, a four-split cell, an eight-split cell, etc.

[0109] Example 0: No reinforcing grid was provided, i.e. the sub-grid lines were full grid lines. Example 1: The length of the reinforcing grid is equal to 1.3 times the width of the PV ribbons, and the width of the reinforcing grid is equal to the width of the sub-grid lines. Example 2: The length of the reinforcing grid is equal to 1.3 times the width of the PV ribbons, and the width of the reinforcing grid is equal to 1.3 times the width of the sub-grid lines. Example 3: The length of the reinforcing grid is equal to 1.5 times the width of the PV ribbons, and the width of the reinforcing grid is equal to 1.5 times the width of the sub-grid lines. Table 1 JPEG2025503820000002.jpg74161

[0110] As can be seen from Table 1, the provision of the reinforcing grid can increase the soldering tension between the PV ribbon and the battery cell. Here, the ratio of the soldering tension of each embodiment to that of Example 0 shows that when the PV ribbon and the battery cell contact, the area of ​​the reinforcing grid is large and the soldering tension is good. In addition, the reinforcing grid is used for electrical contact with the sub-grid line and electrical contact with the PV ribbon. The manufacturing cost of the reinforcing grid is lower than that of the sub-grid line, and the soldering tension of the paste used for the reinforcing grid is higher than that of the paste used for the thin grid. Therefore, the provision of the reinforcing grid can increase the soldering tension of the PV ribbon overall, and the cost of the paste used for the reinforcing grid is low, which can partially reduce the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic module. As the amount of the reinforcing grid increases, the cost also increases, but the soldering tension can be effectively improved and the yield of the module can be increased.

[0111] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the solar cell screen plate and the solar cell provided by the embodiments of the present application achieve at least the following beneficial effects.

[0112] In the embodiment of the present application, the reinforcing grid 30 and the PV ribbon 40 are installed in electrical contact with each other, and no main grid lines are provided in the battery, thereby reducing the printing manufacturing process of the main grid lines, avoiding the problem of the shielding area caused by the main grid lines, reducing light loss, and improving the battery efficiency, while avoiding problems such as poor soldering or displacement caused by alignment problems between the PV ribbon 40 and the main grid lines. Because there is a cross relationship between the reinforcing grid 30 and the PV ribbon 40, the alignment accuracy rate between the reinforcing grid 30 and the PV ribbon 40 is much higher than the alignment accuracy rate between the non-crossing main grid lines and the PV ribbon, thereby improving the yield of the photovoltaic module. The sub-grid lines 20 include a cut portion 21, and the reinforcing grid 30 is located at the cut portion 21, which solves the problem of poor soldering caused by the PV ribbon protuberance at the boundary between the PV ribbon 40 and the sub-grid lines 20 due to the step existing between the sub-grid lines 20 and the PV ribbon 40, and also reduces the paste consumption of the sub-grid lines 20, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost. The printing paste of the reinforcing grid 30 is different from that of the sub-grid lines 20, which reduces the paste consumption of the sub-grid lines 20 and reduces manufacturing costs. In addition, by setting the height of the reinforcing grid 30 to be lower than the height of the sub-grid lines 20, it can be used as a reference for aligning the PV ribbons 40 and as a slot for accommodating the PV ribbons 40, thereby improving the soldering performance between the PV ribbons 40 and the battery cells.

[0113] FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating the structure of a photovoltaic module provided by one embodiment of the present application.

[0114] Correspondingly, according to some embodiments of the present application, in another form of the embodiments of the present application, a photovoltaic module is further provided, as shown in Fig. 15, the photovoltaic module includes a cell string formed by connecting the solar cell 50 of any one of the above embodiments, a PV ribbon 40 for connecting the solar cell 50, a sealing adhesive film 51 for covering the surface of the cell string and the surface of the PV ribbon 40, and a cover plate 52 for covering the surface of the sealing adhesive film 51 remote from the cell string. The solar cell 50 is electrically connected in whole or in a form of multiple divisions to form a plurality of cell strings, and the plurality of cell strings are electrically connected in a series and / or parallel manner.

[0115] Specifically, in some embodiments, the cell strings can be electrically connected by the PV ribbons 40. FIG. 15 only shows the positional relationship between the solar cells, that is, the arrangement direction of the electrodes with the same polarity of the battery cells is the same, or the electrodes with positive polarity of each battery cell are arranged toward the same side, and the conduction bands are respectively connected to different sides of the two adjacent battery cells. In some embodiments, the solar cell 50 can be arranged such that the electrodes with different polarities face the same side. That is, the electrodes of the adjacent battery cells are sequentially arranged in the order of the first polarity, the second polarity, and the first polarity, and the conduction bands connect the two adjacent battery cells on the same side.

[0116] In some embodiments, there is no space between the solar cells 50, ie, the solar cells 50 overlap each other.

[0117] In some embodiments, the cuts 21 are located at the intersections of the main grid lines 10 and the sub-grid lines 20, the reinforcing grid 30 is in electrical contact with the main grid lines 10, and the PV ribbons 40 are in electrical contact with the main grid lines 10.

[0118] In some embodiments, cuts 21 are located at the intersections of PV ribbons 40 and sub-grid lines 20 where PV ribbons 40 make electrical contact with stiffening grid 30 .

[0119] In some embodiments, the sealing adhesive film 51 includes a first sealing layer and a second sealing layer, the first sealing layer covering one of the front surface or the back surface of the solar cell 50, and the second sealing layer covering the other of the front surface or the back surface of the solar cell 50. Specifically, at least one of the first sealing layer or the second sealing layer may be an organic sealing film such as a polyvinyl butyral (abbreviated as PVB) adhesive film, an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) adhesive film, a polyethylene-octene copolymer (POE) adhesive film, or a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) adhesive film, or may be an EPE (a co-extrusion adhesive film of one layer of EVA, one layer of POE, and one layer of EVA) or an EP (a co-extrusion adhesive film of one layer of EVA and one layer of POE).

[0120] As can be seen, before lamination processing, there is a boundary between the first sealing layer and the second sealing layer, and after lamination processing, when the photovoltaic module is formed, there is no longer a concept of the first sealing layer and the second sealing layer, and the first sealing layer and the second sealing layer form an integrated sealing adhesive film 51.

[0121] In some embodiments, the cover plate 52 may be a cover plate with a light transmission function, such as a glass cover plate, a plastic cover plate, etc. Specifically, the surface of the cover plate 52 facing the sealing adhesive film 51 may be an uneven surface, which can improve the utilization rate of the incident light. The cover plate 52 includes a first cover plate and a second cover plate, where the first cover plate faces the first sealing layer, and the second cover plate faces the second sealing layer.

[0122] Although the present application has been disclosed as above in the preferred embodiment, it does not limit the scope of the claims, and any person skilled in the art can make some possible variations and modifications without departing from the inventive concept of the present application, so the protection scope of the present application should be in accordance with the scope defined by the claims of the present application. In addition, the examples and drawings in the specification of the present application are merely illustrative, and are not the whole scope of protection of the claims of the present application.

[0123] Although some specific embodiments of the present application have been described in detail by way of illustration, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.

[0124] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments are specific examples for implementing the present application, but that various changes in form and details are possible in practice without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Since any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, the scope of protection of the present application should be based on the scope limited by the claims.

Claims

1. The optical element has 16 main grid lines arranged in parallel, and sub-grid lines and a reinforcing grid arranged in parallel, the sub-grid lines are perpendicular to the main grid lines, the sub-grid lines include cuts, the cuts being located at intersections of the main grid lines and the sub-grid lines; the reinforcing grid is located in the cutout, the reinforcing grid is parallel to the sub-grid lines, and the main grid lines pass through the reinforcing grid; A solar cell screen plate characterized by:

2. a length of the cut portion in the longitudinal direction of the sub-grid line is L1, and 0.3 mm≦L1≦1.2 mm; 2. The solar cell screen plate according to claim 1.

3. The length of the reinforcing grid in the longitudinal direction of the sub-grid lines is L2, and 0.5 mm≦L2≦1.5 mm.

2. The solar cell screen plate according to claim 1.

4. The reinforcing grid and the main grid lines are printed with the same paste and integrated together.

2. The solar cell screen plate according to claim 1.

5. Further comprising auxiliary spot welds located on both sides of the reinforcing grid.

2. The solar cell screen plate according to claim 1.

6. The auxiliary spot weld is square, the side length is L3, and 0.02 mm≦L3≦0.04 mm.

6. The solar cell screen plate according to claim 5.

7. the spot welds are shaped in an irregular pattern of first triangles, first rectangles, and second triangles passing through the main grid lines in a length direction, and connections between the first triangles, the first rectangles, and the second triangles are arc-shaped.

2. The solar cell screen plate according to claim 1.

8. The height of the spot weld in the width direction of the main grid line is H, and 0.3 mm≦H≦0.5 mm.

8. A solar panel screen plate according to claim 7.

9. a plurality of sub-grid lines arranged in parallel; and a plurality of reinforcing grids; each of the sub-grid lines includes a plurality of cuts; Each of the reinforcing grids is located at each of the cuts, the reinforcing grids are parallel to the sub-grid lines, and both ends of the reinforcing grids are electrically contacting the sub-grid lines in areas other than the cuts, and the reinforcing grids are used to electrically contact the main grid lines or to electrically contact the PV ribbons, and a printing paste of the reinforcing grids is different from a printing paste of the sub-grid lines. A solar cell screen plate characterized by:

10. The substrate further includes a passivation layer, the reinforcing grid does not penetrate the thickness of the passivation layer, and the sub-grid lines are located on the surface of the passivation layer and penetrate the thickness of the passivation layer.

10. The solar cell screen plate according to claim 9.

11. or along the length of the sub-grid lines, the sides of the reinforcing grid are in electrical contact with areas of the sub-grid lines other than the cuts; or and auxiliary spot welds located on both sides of the reinforcing grid, a portion of the length of the auxiliary spot welds overlapping and electrically contacting areas of the sub-grid lines other than the cuts.

10. The solar cell screen plate according to claim 9.

12. along a thickness direction of the sub-grid lines, a region of the sub-grid lines other than the cut portions is in electrical contact with a top surface of a portion of the auxiliary spot welds, or a region of the sub-grid lines other than the cut portions is in electrical contact with a bottom surface of a portion of the auxiliary spot welds.

12. The solar panel screen plate according to claim 11.

13. a width of the auxiliary spot welds is greater than a width of the sub-grid lines along an arrangement direction of the sub-grid lines; 12. The solar panel screen plate according to claim 11.

14. a length L5 of a portion where the auxiliary spot weld and the region of the sub-grid line other than the cut portion overlap each other, the length satisfying 0.05 mm≦L5≦1.5 mm; 12. The solar panel screen plate according to claim 11.

15. The length of the reinforcing grid along the length direction of the sub-grid lines is L, and 0.05 mm≦L≦1.5 mm.

10. The solar cell screen plate according to claim 9.

16. a plurality of sub-grid lines arranged in parallel; and a plurality of reinforcing grids; each of the sub-grid lines includes a plurality of cuts; each of the reinforcing grids is located at each of the cuts, the reinforcing grids are parallel to the sub-grid lines, both ends of the reinforcing grids are in electrical contact with areas of the sub-grid lines other than the cuts, and the reinforcing grids are used to make electrical contact with the PV ribbons, wherein a printing paste of the reinforcing grids is different from a printing paste of the sub-grid lines; A solar cell screen plate characterized by:

17. a width of the reinforcing grid is greater than a width of the sub-grid lines along an arrangement direction of the sub-grid lines; 17. The solar panel screen plate according to claim 16.

18. or along the length of the sub-grid lines, the sides of the reinforcing grid are in electrical contact with areas of the sub-grid lines other than the cuts; or and auxiliary spot welds located on both sides of the reinforcing grid, a portion of the length of the auxiliary spot welds overlapping and electrically contacting areas of the sub-grid lines other than the cuts.

17. The solar panel screen plate according to claim 16.

19. along a thickness direction of the sub-grid lines, a region of the sub-grid lines other than the cut portions is in electrical contact with a top surface of a portion of the auxiliary spot welds, or a region of the sub-grid lines other than the cut portions is in electrical contact with a bottom surface of a portion of the auxiliary spot welds.

20. The solar panel screen plate according to claim 18.

20. a width of the auxiliary spot welds is greater than a width of the sub-grid lines along an arrangement direction of the sub-grid lines, and a width of the auxiliary spot welds is equal to or greater than a width of the reinforcing grid.

20. The solar panel screen plate according to claim 19.

21. a width of the auxiliary spot welds on a side away from the reinforcing grid in the arrangement direction of the sub-grid lines is defined as a first width, and a width of a contact surface between the auxiliary spot welds and the reinforcing grid in the arrangement direction of the sub-grid lines is defined as a second width, the first width being greater than the second width.

21. The solar panel screen plate according to claim 20.

22. The first width satisfies 0.02 mm≦W1≦1.5 mm.

22. The solar panel screen of claim 21.

23. The semiconductor device further includes a passivation layer, the reinforcing grid being located on a surface of the passivation layer, the sub-grid lines being located on the surface of the passivation layer and penetrating a thickness of the passivation layer, and the auxiliary spot welds not penetrating a thickness of the passivation layer.

20. The solar panel screen plate according to claim 18.

24. a length L6 of an overlapping portion between the auxiliary spot weld and a region of the sub-grid line other than the cut portion satisfies 0.05 mm≦L6≦1.5 mm; 20. The solar panel screen plate according to claim 18.

25. A length L4 of the reinforcing grid along the length direction of the sub-grid line satisfies 0.02 mm≦L4≦2 mm.

17. The solar panel screen plate according to claim 16.

26. A solar cell screen plate according to any one of claims 1 to 25, A solar cell characterized by:

27. The shape of the solar cell is a square, and the side length is D, where D = 182 mm.

27. The solar cell according to claim 26.

28. A cell string formed by connecting the solar cell according to any one of claims 26 to 27; A PV ribbon for connecting the solar cells; a sealing adhesive film for covering a surface of the cell string and a surface of the PV ribbon; and a cover plate for covering a surface of the sealing adhesive film away from the cell string. A photovoltaic module comprising:

29. the cuts are located at intersections of main grid lines and sub-grid lines, the reinforcing grid is in electrical contact with the main grid lines, and the PV ribbons are in electrical contact with the main grid lines.

30. The photovoltaic module of claim 28.

30. the cuts are located at intersections of the PV ribbons with the sub-grid lines, and the PV ribbons are in electrical contact with the reinforcing grid.

30. The photovoltaic module of claim 28.

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