Wall of a tank for storing a fluid and method for attaching such a wall - Patents.com

Abstract

The present invention relates to a wall (8) of a tank for storing at least one fluid, the wall (8) comprising an outer shell (2) and at least one panel (10) maintained at a distance from the outer shell (2) by at least one anchor element (14), the anchor element (14) holding the panel (10) relative to the outer shell (2) by defining an area between the outer shell (2) and the panel (10), the area being at least partially filled with a filler material (12), the wall (8) comprising a sealing membrane (22) resting against the panel (10) and disposed on the opposite side of the panel (10) from the filler material (12).

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of walls with surface irregularities and requiring levelling, and more particularly to the walls of tanks for storing fluids. [Background technology]

[0002] Fluids, such as gases and refined oils in the petroleum industry, are commonly stored in tanks. Such storage of fluids may be necessary, for example, to ensure the fluids can be transported overland by truck or at sea by ship. In other situations, these fluids may be stored permanently, for example, as a reserve, or temporarily for sale, such as at a gas station.

[0003]

[0003] Concrete tanks, in particular, are known to be buried underground to form fluid storage areas. However, these tanks deteriorate over time as the concrete inside deteriorates. Damage to the tank shell can lead to leaks, which, in the case of fluid storage in the petroleum industry, can cause environmental damage, particularly soil contamination.

[0004] If a leak is detected or if the risk of a leak is deemed too high, it is known to repair or reinforce the tank's shell to ensure its tightness, for example by attaching panels to the shell. These panels are pressed onto the shell to be repaired using mastic. However, such a method is not suitable if the surface of the shell to be repaired has surface irregularities with an amplitude of more than 40 mm. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] Against this background, the present invention provides a new means of sealing a defective hull by providing a new leak-tight tank wall, even if the hull to be repaired contains surface irregularities with an amplitude of more than 40 mm. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The present invention therefore relates to a wall of a tank for storing at least one fluid, the wall comprising an outer shell and at least one panel maintained at a distance from the outer shell by at least one anchor element that holds the panel relative to the outer shell by defining an area between the outer shell and the panel, the area being at least partially filled with a filling material, the wall comprising a sealing membrane resting against the panel and arranged on the opposite side of the panel from the filling material.

[0007] The wall includes a shell that may be made of concrete, metal, or a combination of concrete and metal. The shell has a surface facing the inside of the tank, to which at least one anchor element is attached. The anchor element supports the panel and, more specifically, maintains a distance from the shell by a space defined between the shell and the panel. It is understood that the panel includes a surface facing the shell and a surface facing the inside of the tank. This area is defined between the surface of the shell facing the inside of the tank and the surface of the panel facing the shell.

[0008] The filler material that at least partially fills said region, in combination with the anchoring elements, provides a certain mechanical resistance to compressive stresses that the fluid contained in the tank may exert on the tank wall.

[0009] The shell comprises surface irregularities with an amplitude of more than 40 mm. The surface of the shell is understood to have a series of protrusions and depressions, the distance between the bottom of at least one depression and the top of adjacent protrusions being more than 40 mm. This distance, which defines the amplitude of the surface irregularities, is measured parallel to the shortest section that passes through the center of the tank and is at least partially defined by the wall and the surface irregularities.

[0010] Additionally, a sealing membrane resting against the panel makes the tank wall watertight, in other words it prevents the fluid contained in the tank from reaching the outer shell of that area.

[0011] From the above, it will be understood that the panels used to define the areas function as formwork elements which, on the one hand, allow the filling material to be deposited between the shell and the panel, and, on the other hand, allow the sealing membrane to be supported against said panel, i.e. pressed against said panel.

[0012] According to one aspect of the invention, the wall includes a sealing layer disposed between the shell and the filler material. This sealing layer limits fluid penetration through at least the surface of the shell facing the outside of the tank. It is understood that the sealing layer is in contact with the filler material. It is further understood that the filler material is contained between the panel and the sealing layer. Such a layer is a film that prevents fluid from rising from the outside of the shell to the inside.

[0013] According to a feature of the invention, the panel that maintains the distance from the shell is a secondary panel, and the wall comprises a primary panel that rests against the sealing membrane.

[0014] According to a feature of the invention, the sealing membrane that rests against the panel is a secondary sealing membrane, and the wall includes a primary sealing membrane that rests against the primary panel.

[0015] It is understood that the wall is formed by at least one panel on which a sealing membrane is placed. In this case, the wall includes two panels and two sealing membranes. More specifically, the wall includes a secondary panel on which a secondary sealing membrane is placed and a primary panel relative to the secondary sealing membrane on which the primary sealing membrane is placed. The overlapping of these elements provides the wall with a double seal in the event of a leak in one of the sealing membranes.

[0016] According to one aspect of the invention, the filling material comprises at least partly a synthetic foam. According to one example, the synthetic foam is an expanding foam, i.e., a foam that increases in volume after injection.

[0017] One feature of the present invention is that the synthetic foam is thermally insulating.

[0018] According to one aspect of the present invention, the filler comprises at least a portion of a particle-filled resin. The advantage of this type of resin is that it maintains substantially the same volume when filled with filler. Fillers made from particle-filled resin also have higher mechanical strength than expanded foam. Increasing the level of particle filler in the resin can reduce the amount of resin required, thereby reducing the cost of the filler used.

[0019] According to one feature of the invention, the sealing membrane comprises at least a first plate and a second plate, the first plate extending in a plane intersecting the plane in which the second plate extends, and the sealing membrane comprises a membrane bridge sealingly connecting the first and second plates. It is understood that the primary sealing membrane, as well as the secondary sealing membrane, are formed by a series of plates resting against the panel. Advantageously, the shape assumed by the primary and secondary sealing membranes allows the shape of the tank to be subordinate to these membranes, especially if the tank is cylindrical.

[0020] According to an optional feature of the invention, the membrane bridge comprises at least one corrugation, which allows the membrane to withstand deformation stresses resulting from wall expansion or contraction, in particular under the influence of the heat of the fluid stored in the tank. According to one example, at least one plate of the sealing membrane, advantageously each of the plates of the sealing membrane, is completely flat, i.e., free of any corrugations or undulations similar to those comprised by the membrane bridge.

[0021] It should be noted that, alternatively, said planes may be integrated, in particular if the tank is cubic in shape and the shell includes flat sides.

[0022] The present invention also relates to a method for mounting a wall of a tank for storing at least one fluid, the method comprising the following steps: at least one first step during which anchor elements are fixed to the shell; at least one second step during which at least one panel is fixed to the shell using said anchoring elements; and at least a third step, during which a filler material is disposed in the area defined between the shell and the panel.

[0023] It is understood that the second step of the installation method is a formwork step, which may define an area configured to receive a filler material, said area being defined by at least the outer shell and at least one panel.

[0024] It should be noted that "disposed" means that the filler material is cast or injected, for example, between the surface of the shell facing the inside of the tank and the surface of the panel facing the shell.

[0025] According to a feature of the invention, the mounting method includes a step preceding the first step, during which the outer shell is analyzed to measure surface irregularities of the outer shell, and an anchor element is disposed so as to correct the surface irregularities measured during the step preceding the first step.

[0026] This analysis of the shell allows for surface irregularities of said shell to be corrected. It is understood that when the present invention is used with a shell having a surface modification, the analysis of said shell surface allows for the positioning of anchor elements to level the panels.

[0027] According to one aspect of the invention, this mounting method is implemented when the surface irregularity of the hull exceeds 40 mm. The distance is measured between two circles whose centers correspond to the center of the tank. The first circle passes through the point on the hull farthest from the center of the tank, and the second circle passes through the point closest to the center of the tank. The distance is measured between the two circles along their radii.

[0028] It should be noted that the present invention may also be implemented in tanks with flat walls, such as square or rectangular tanks. In this case, the surface irregularity is measured between a first plane passing through a point on the outer hull farthest from the center of the tank and a second plane passing through a point closest to the center of the tank. The distance of the surface irregularity is then the segment separating these two planes, measured perpendicular to the first and / or second planes.

[0029] According to a feature of the invention, the mounting method includes a step preceding the first step, during which a sealing layer is placed against the outer shell of the tank, for example such a layer being sprayed to form a film of resin.

[0030] If the wall includes multiple panels, the first and second steps of the installation method are repeated as the panels are placed side by side during the method to form a ring of panels. It is understood that the third step of the installation method is performed once the ring of panels has been formed. In other words, once the ring of panels has been formed, filler material is placed between the shell and the panels to form a new ring of panels.

[0031] According to a feature of the invention, the mounting method includes a fourth step during which a first plate is fixed to the panel and a second plate is fixed to an adjacent panel, and the mounting method performs a fifth step during which a membrane bridge is fixed in a sealing manner to the first plate and the second plate.

[0032] Other characteristics, details and advantages of the invention will become clearer on the one hand from the description that follows and on the other hand from the examples of embodiments that are given by way of example and not of limitation, with reference to the attached schematic drawings, in which: [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0033] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram showing the profile of one side of the tank's inward-facing shell. FIG. [Figure 2] 1 is a cross-sectional view of a wall according to the present invention; [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a wall in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] 1 shows the juxtaposition and overlapping of panels forming a wall according to the invention; [Figure 5] FIG. 1 shows a wall according to the invention as seen from inside the tank. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the wall shown in FIG. 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0034] First, it should be noted that although the drawings show the invention in detail with respect to its embodiments, these drawings may of course be used to more clearly define the invention if desired, and it should also be noted that these drawings only show examples of embodiments of the invention.

[0035] The features, variations, and different embodiments of the invention may be associated with one another in various combinations, provided they are not incompatible or mutually exclusive. In particular, it will be possible to envision variations of the invention that include only a selection of the features described below, separately from other described features, provided that these selections of features are sufficient to impart technical advantage or otherwise differentiate the invention from the prior art.

[0036] In the drawings, elements common to multiple drawings are designated by the same reference numerals, and elements hidden behind other elements are indicated by dashed lines.

[0037] Figure 1 is a highly schematic view of the shell 2 of a tank for storing at least one fluid to which the present invention may be applied. In particular, Figure 1 shows the profile of one side of the shell 2 facing the inside of the tank. In the illustrated embodiment, the fluid stored in the tank is a liquid fluid from the petroleum industry, such as refined petroleum or "LNG" (short for liquefied natural gas), although the invention is not limited thereto.

[0038] The tank's shell 2 has a surface irregularity relative to a reference contour 4 representing the central surface of the tank's shell 2 .

[0039] Surface irregularities present on the outer shell 2 are distinguished by portions of the surface of the outer shell 2 that deviate from the reference contour 4. In the illustrated embodiment, some of the distances between the surface of the outer shell 2 and the reference contour 4 exceed 40 mm. Thus, as can be seen in FIG. 1, certain surface irregularities on the outer shell 2, such as the surface irregularity indicated by the double arrow 6, exceed 40 mm. It should be noted that this distance, measured from the surface irregularity and indicated by the double arrow 6, corresponds to the distance separating a first circle 40 passing through the top of the irregularity and a second circle 41 passing through the bottom of the irregularity. This distance is measured along the radius of either of these circles. While FIG. 1 is intended to depict irregularities that can be accommodated by the present invention, the shapes or locations shown therein are merely exemplary.

[0040] FIG. 2 shows a schematic topographical view of the shell 2 where the surface irregularities of the shell 2 have been modified so that sealing structures may be installed on the surface of the shell 2 facing the inside of the tank.

[0041] More specifically, Figure 2 shows the installation of a wall 8 according to the invention, which comprises at least an outer shell 2, a panel 10, and a sealing membrane resting against the panel 10. A filler material 12 is disposed between the outer shell 2 and the panel 10, and is installed together with the panel 10 on the side of the outer shell 2 facing the inside of the tank. A sealing membrane, which will be described in more detail with reference to Figure 3, is disposed on the opposite side of the panel 10 from the filler material 12.

[0042] During installation of the wall 8, anchor elements 14 are fixed to the shell 2, for example by insertion into the shell 2. The panels 10 are positioned on these anchor elements 14, maintaining a distance from the shell 2 by means of said anchor elements 14. This distance separating the panels 10 from the shell 2 is at least 40 mm, although the present invention aims for a distance between 40 mm and 250 mm.

[0043] As can be seen from Figure 2 or 6, the panels 10 are positioned, more particularly, on the heads of the anchor elements 14 opposite the part of said anchor elements 14 housed within the shell 2. The heads of the anchor elements 14 supporting the same panel 10 are advantageously positioned at a distance from the shell 2 so as to reconstitute a contour close to the first circle 40 mentioned above.

[0044] Positioning the panel 10 over the head of the anchor element 14 forms an area 16 between the panel 10 and the outer shell 2. This area 16 is then at least partially filled with a filler material 12. In the illustrated embodiment, the filler material 12 is at least partially formed from a synthetic foam that is injected or sprayed into the area 16 via a supply tube 18. The panel 10 forms a structural element disposed directly opposite the outer shell 2. This configuration allows the panel 10 to define the area 16 between the outer shell 2 and the panel 10.

[0045] It should be noted that in this embodiment the filler material is advantageously thermally insulating, which is advantageous when the tank contains for example LNG, ammonia, LPG and generally any fluid that is maintained in a liquid state at temperatures below -50°C at atmospheric pressure.

[0046] In an alternative or supplemental embodiment, the filler 12 is at least partially formed from a particle-filled resin. This resin may be, by way of illustrative and non-limiting example, an epoxy resin, a vinyl ester resin, a polyester resin, or a polyurethane resin. In this resin, the particles constituting the filler are preferably glass beads or hollow glass beads. By way of illustrative and non-limiting example, the particles constituting the resin filler may be clay, sand, or vermiculite beads, or recycled particles, for example, from crushed concrete, tires, or composite materials. Such particle-filled resins have substantially equal volumes when injected. The filler 12 is injected at an angle between the outer shell 2 and the plurality of panels 10. As a result, angular continuity of the filler 12 exists across adjacent panels 10. This angular continuity is manifested by the absence of gaps in the filler 12 at the joints between two adjacent panels 10.

[0047] Additionally, the wall 8 also includes a sealing layer 20 disposed between the outer shell 2 and the filler material 12. More specifically, in the illustrated embodiment, this sealing layer 20 is pressed against the outer shell 2 and is capable of at least limiting the penetration of fluids, such as water, from outside the tank.

[0048] From the above, it can be seen that the present invention implements an installation method in which, during a first step, anchor elements 14 are fixed to the outer shell 2. Then, in a second step, the panel 10 is fixed to the outer shell 2 using the anchor elements 14. Then, the filler material 12 is placed in the area 16 between the outer shell 2 and the panel 10.

[0049] It should be noted that the method for attaching the wall 8 also includes a step preceding the first step. This step allows the anchor elements 14 to be positioned to reconstruct the contour of the first circle 40, as previously described. More specifically, during this step preceding the first step, the surface of the outer shell 2 facing the interior of the tank is analyzed, and the surface irregularities of the outer shell 2 are measured. This analysis of the outer shell 2 may be performed, by way of illustrative and non-limiting example, using a laser analysis recognition device connected to a computer modeling device. This analysis of the surface of the outer shell 2 facing the interior of the tank allows the anchor elements 14 to be positioned during the first step and adjusted to correct the surface irregularities. Such adjustments may result, for example, from anchor elements of different lengths. This adjustment may be performed by inserting the anchor elements more or less into the outer shell 2.

[0050] It should also be noted that the method for attaching the wall 8 also carries out another preceding step in which a sealing layer 20 is sprayed onto the outer shell 2 of the tank. It is understood that this step is preferably, and if necessary, carried out after a step of analyzing the side of the outer shell 2 facing the inside of the tank, in order to allow an optimal analysis of the outer shell 2.

[0051] Figure 3 shows the structure of a wall 8 in one embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from this figure, the panel 10 that is held at a distance from the outer shell 2 by the anchoring elements 14 and on which the sealing membrane 22 rests is the secondary panel 10. The wall 8 also includes a primary panel 24 that rests on the sealing membrane 22. It should also be noted that in the embodiment shown, said sealing membrane 22 is a secondary sealing membrane 22. The wall 8 also includes a primary sealing membrane 26 that rests against the primary panel 24.

[0052] According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the wall 8 includes, in order from the outer shell 2 towards the inside of the tank, a sealing layer 20, a filler material 12, a secondary panel 10, a secondary sealing membrane 22, a primary panel 24, and a primary sealing membrane 26.

[0053] The sealing membrane 22 or secondary sealing membrane 22 includes at least a first plate and a second plate. In the embodiment shown in Figure 3, only one of the two plates is shown. The secondary sealing membrane 22 also includes a membrane bridge 30 for sealingly connecting the first plate and the second plate. This membrane bridge 30 will be described in more detail with reference to Figures 4, 5, and 6.

[0054] The primary sealing membrane 26 includes at least a first plate and a second plate. In the embodiment shown in Figure 3, only one of the two plates is shown. The primary sealing membrane 26 also includes a membrane bridge 30 for sealingly connecting the first plate and the second plate. The membrane bridge 30 will be described in more detail with reference to Figures 4, 5, and 6.

[0055] Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of a wall 8 of a tank for storing fluids according to the invention. It should be noted that in this figure, the outer shell 2, the sealing layer 20, the filler material 12 and the secondary panel 10 are not shown, and only the sealing membranes 22, 26 are visible. In other words, the visible faces of the sealing membranes 22, 26 are the faces that are configured to rest against the secondary panel 10. It should also be noted that in the embodiment shown in Figure 4, the tank has a circular shape. Of course, the tank could have other shapes, in particular a parallelepiped or cubic shape, without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0056] As previously mentioned, the sealing membrane 22, 26 includes a first plate 32 and a second plate 34. The first plate 32 is flat and extends in a plane intersecting the plane in which the second plate 34 extends, which is also flat. The membrane bridge 30 provides a sealed joint between the first plate 32 and the second plate 34.

[0057] 4 also highlights features of the present method for mounting the wall 8. The first and second steps of the mounting method are repeated so that multiple panels are arranged side by side to form a ring 36 of panels.

[0058] It will be appreciated that each panel 10 is positioned next to another panel 10 to form a ring 36 of panels, which are also superimposed on top of one another, and whereby the panel rings 36 are also superimposed on top of one another to line up the outer shell 2.

[0059] Figure 5 illustrates the primary sealing membrane 26 resting against the wall 8, and more particularly against the primary panel 24. As shown in Figure 5, the primary sealing membrane 26 is secured to the primary panel 24 using rivets 28, which hold the primary sealing membrane 26 against the primary panel 24.

[0060] 5 also highlights the fourth and fifth steps of the method for attaching the wall 8. During the fourth step of the attachment method, a first plate 32 is secured to one panel (in this case, the primary panel 24), and a second plate 34 is secured to another adjacent panel (in this case, the other primary panel 24). In the fifth step of the method for attaching the wall 8, a membrane bridge is hermetically secured to the first plate 32 and the second plate 34. This may be achieved by welding the edges of the membrane bridge 30 to the faces of the plates against which the membrane bridge 30 presses.

[0061] It should be noted that exactly what has been explained with respect to the primary sealing membrane 26 also applies mutatis mutandis to the secondary sealing membrane 22. In other words, the secondary sealing membrane 22, like the primary sealing membrane 26, is formed in this case from a first plate 32 fixed to a primary panel 10 and a second plate 34 fixed to another adjacent primary panel 10, with the membrane bridge 30 being fixed in a sealed manner to said first plate 32 and said second plate 34.

[0062] Figure 6 shows a cross section of the wall 8 along the section AA visible in Figure 5. Figure 6 shows more clearly the superposition of the various elements forming the wall 8. In particular, Figure 6 shows the corrugations 38 in the membrane bridge 30. These corrugations 38 in the membrane bridge 30 allow the membrane that makes up the membrane bridge 30 to deform under the various stresses to which the tank is subjected, in particular under the stresses of expansion or contraction of the wall 8 under the influence of the temperature of the fluid that may be stored in the tank.

[0063] In one example, the membrane bridge 30 comprises two straight corrugations 38 arranged at right angles to each other. This membrane bridge 30 may therefore be of one piece, but is advantageously made up of two straight sections that are perpendicular to each other and joined by a knot.

[0064] Furthermore, the membrane bridge 30 is fixed by welding to the first plate 32 and the second plate 34 of the same sealing membrane 22, 26. To this end, the membrane bridge 30 includes clinch portions on either of the corrugations 38 that extend above the plane of the first plate 32 and the second plate 34. In this way, the membrane bridge 30 is fixed in a sealed manner to the first plate 32 and the second plate 34.

[0065] FIG. 6 also shows that the corrugations 38 of the membrane bridge 30 forming the primary sealing membrane are above the corrugations 38 of the membrane bridge forming the secondary sealing membrane.

[0066] 6, primary panel 24 is shown held in place against secondary panel 10 by rivets 28. To accommodate secondary panel 10, primary panel 24 includes at least one counterbore for receiving a fastening nut. Rivets 28 include collars that are hermetically welded to secondary sealing membrane 22.

[0067] The panel 10 also includes a counterbore for receiving the head of the anchor element 14 , and such counterbore is covered by a sealing membrane that is pressed against the panel 10 .

[0068] The present invention achieves this objective by proposing a tank wall in which modifications to the outer shell are corrected using panels that are maintained at a distance from the outer shell by anchoring elements and that have at least one sealing membrane resting against said panels. Mechanical stresses applied to the wall are absorbed by the filling material once it has solidified. Such a material has excellent thermal insulation properties.

Claims

1. 1. A wall (8) of a tank for storing at least one fluid, the wall (8) comprising: an outer shell (2) including surface irregularities with an amplitude of more than 40 mm; and at least one panel (10) maintained at a distance from the outer shell (2) by at least one anchor element (14), the anchor element (14) holding the panel (10) relative to the outer shell (2) by defining an area (16) between the outer shell (2) and the panel (10), the area (16) being at least partially filled with a filler material (12), the wall (8) comprising a sealing membrane (22) resting against the panel (10) and disposed on the opposite side of the panel (10) from the filler material (12).

2. The wall (8) according to claim 1, wherein a sealing layer (20) is disposed between the outer shell (2) and the filling material (12).

3. 3. The wall (8) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the panel (10) maintaining a distance from the outer shell (2) is a secondary panel (10), and the wall (8) comprises a primary panel (24) resting against the sealing membrane (22).

4. 4. The wall (8) of claim 3, wherein the sealing membrane (22) resting against the panel (10) is a secondary sealing membrane (22), and the wall (8) includes a primary sealing membrane (26) resting against the primary panel (24).

5. The wall (8) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the filling material (12) at least partially comprises synthetic foam.

6. The wall (8) of claim 5, wherein the synthetic foam is thermally insulating.

7. The wall (8) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the filler (12) at least partially comprises a particle-filled resin.

8. 8. The wall (8) according to claim 1, wherein the sealing membrane (22) comprises at least a first plate (32) and a second plate (34), the first plate (32) extending in a plane intersecting a plane in which the second plate (34) extends, and the sealing membrane (22) comprises a membrane bridge (30) connecting the first plate (32) and the second plate (34) in a sealed manner.

9. The wall (8) of claim 8, wherein the membrane bridge (30) includes at least one corrugation (38).

10. 10. A mounting method for mounting a wall (8) of a tank for storing at least one fluid according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: The mounting method includes the following steps: at least one first step during which anchor elements (14) are fixed to the shell (2); a step preceding the first step, during which the shell (2) is analyzed to measure the surface irregularities of the shell, and anchor elements (14) are provided so as to correct the surface irregularities measured during the step preceding the first step; at least one second step during which at least one panel (10) is fixed to said shell (2) by means of said anchoring elements (14); at least a third step during which a filler material (12) is placed in the area (16) defined between said shell (2) and said panel (10); An installation method to implement the above.

11. 11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the method is carried out when the surface roughness of the outer shell (2) exceeds 40 mm.

12. 12. The method of any one of claims 9 to 11 in combination with claim 2, comprising a step preceding the first step, during which a sealing layer (20) is positioned against the outer shell (2) of the tank.

13. 13. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the wall (8) comprises a plurality of panels (10), and wherein the first and second steps are repeated during the method, with the panels (10) being arranged side by side to form a ring (36) of panels.

14. 14. The mounting method according to any one of claims 9 to 13 in combination with claim 7, wherein the mounting method comprises a fourth step during which a first plate (32) is fixed to the panel (10) and a second plate (34) is fixed to the adjacent panel (10), and wherein the mounting method performs a fifth step during which a membrane bridge (30) is fixed in a sealing manner to the first plate (32) and the second plate (34).

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