Eave soffit ventilation structure and ventilation device

Abstract

To provide an eave soffit ventilation structure and a ventilation device excellent in fireproof performance.SOLUTION: The ventilation device 1 includes a frame member 3 including a first wall surface portion 10 and a second wall surface portion 13 facing each other and extending in a vertical direction, and a bottom surface portion 12 connected to a lower end of the second wall surface portion 13, extending in a horizontal direction toward a lower end of the first wall surface portion 10, and having a plurality of openings 17 formed at predetermined intervals in a longitudinal direction; And a thermal expansion member 5 including a first thermal expansion material member 31 provided so as to abut on an upper surface of the bottom surface part 12 and the first wall surface part 10, a second thermal expansion material member 32 provided on an inner surface of the first wall surface part 10 above the upper air passage forming part, and a third thermal expansion material member 33 provided so as to abut on the second wall surface part 13 at a position facing the first thermal expansion material member 31.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an eave ventilation structure and a ventilation device, and more particularly to an eave ventilation structure and a ventilation device that are installed in the area between a gable base material and an exterior wall material. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 shows a ventilation device that is installed in the eaves.

[0003] FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a conventional ventilation device shown in Patent Document 1, and FIG. 19 is a side schematic diagram showing the state in which the ventilation device shown in FIG. 18 is attached to the eaves ceiling.

[0004] First, referring to FIG. 18, ventilation device 501 is composed of frame member 503 made of a steel plate material, and ventilation member 504 attached inside frame member 503.

[0005] The frame member 503 has a first wall surface portion 510 and a second wall surface portion 513 which extend opposite to each other in the vertical direction, a bottom surface portion 512 which is connected to the lower ends of the first wall surface portion 510 and the second wall surface portion 513 and has a plurality of openings 517 formed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction, a horizontal portion 514 which is connected to the upper end of the second wall surface portion 513 and extends horizontally toward the indoor side, and a third wall surface portion 515 which is connected to the indoor side end of the horizontal portion 514 and extends downward. The upper end of the first wall surface portion 510 is bent horizontally toward the indoor side to form a bent piece 511, and the lower end of the third wall surface portion 515 is folded back toward the outdoor side to form a folded piece 516.

[0006] The ventilation member 504 comprises a lower air passage forming portion 520 extending horizontally from the second wall surface portion 513 toward the first wall surface portion 510 above the bottom surface portion 512, an upper air passage forming portion 522 extending diagonally upward from the first wall surface portion 510 side end toward the second wall surface portion 513 above the lower air passage forming portion 520, a connecting portion 521 connecting the second wall surface portion 513 side end of the lower air passage forming portion 520 to the first wall surface portion 510 side end of the upper air passage forming portion 522, and an inverted L-shaped mounting portion 529 connected to the second wall surface portion side end of the upper air passage forming portion 522 and attached to the horizontal portion 514 of the frame member 503 and a part of the third wall surface portion 515.

[0007] The lower air passage forming portion 520 has a first air vent 526 that allows ventilation in the vertical direction at a first position 523 that is set closer to the first wall surface portion 510 than a central position 509 indicated by a dashed dotted line 509 in the short side direction. The connecting portion 521 has a second air vent 527 that allows ventilation in the vertical direction at a second position 524 that is set closer to the second wall surface portion 513 than the central position 509 in the short side direction. The upper air passage forming portion 522 has a third air vent 528 that allows ventilation in the vertical direction at a third position 525 that is set closer to the first wall surface portion 510 than the central position 509 in the short side direction. Thus, the second position 524 is disposed at a position that does not completely overlap either the first position 523 or the third position 525 in a plan view.

[0008] Next, referring to Figure 19, we will explain the state of the eaves ventilation structure 507 with the ventilation device 501 attached to the eaves section. The eaves ventilation structure 507 is fixed with screws, with the third wall portion 515 abutting the upper end of multiple furring strips 531 attached at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction (the depth direction relative to the indoor / outdoor direction in Figure 19) to the outer surface of the exterior wall base material 530. In addition, an exterior wall material 537 is inserted into the space formed by the second wall portion 513, horizontal portion 514, and third wall portion 515. Furthermore, a gable base material 538 abuts the upper surface of the bent piece 511 and the lower surface of the roof base material 533, and a gable 539 abuts the outer surface of the first wall portion 510. The eaves section, which is the space between the upper end of the exterior wall material 537 and the lower end of the gable 539, is blocked by the ventilation device 501. Such a ventilation device 501 and eaves ventilation structure 507 ventilate the air by passing it through the first ventilation port 526, the second ventilation port 527, and the third ventilation port 528, and the airflow is disturbed each time it passes through each ventilation port, thereby preventing rainwater from entering.

[0009] Furthermore, as another ventilation device installed in the eaves ceiling, there is an eaves ceiling ventilation structure shown in Patent Document 2.

[0010] Figure 20 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a conventional eaves ventilation member shown in Patent Document 2, and Figure 21 is a side schematic diagram showing the state of the eaves ventilation structure in the event of a fire, with the eaves ventilation member shown in Figure 20 attached to the eaves part.

[0011] First, referring to FIG. 20, eaves soffit ventilation member 541 is made up of eaves soffit member 543 made of a steel plate material, and ventilation member 544 attached inside eaves soffit member 543.

[0012] The eaves member 543 comprises a first vertical portion 550, a first horizontal portion 551 having one end connected to the upper end of the first vertical portion 550 and extending horizontally, a second vertical portion 552 having an upper end connected to the other end of the first horizontal portion 551 and extending vertically downward, a second horizontal portion 553 having one end connected to the lower end of the second vertical portion 552 and extending horizontally away from the first vertical portion 550 and having an opening 557 formed therein, an outer piece 554 extending horizontally from the outer end of the second horizontal portion 553 and folding back, and a third vertical portion 555 having a lower end connected to the outer piece 554 and extending vertically upward. The upper end of the third vertical portion 555 is folded inward to form a folded piece 556.

[0013] The ventilation member 544 includes a first ventilation part 560, a second ventilation part 561, and a third ventilation part 562. The first ventilation part 560 extends in the longitudinal direction by a length substantially equal to the length of the eaves member 543, is formed in a rod shape that can be freely inserted between the inner surface of the second vertical part 552 and the inner surface of the third vertical part 555, has a substantially inverted U-shaped cross section in the short side direction, and includes a pair of side walls 563a, 563b and an upper surface part 564. A plurality of ventilation holes 565, which are cut downward, are formed in the upper surface part 564 at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction.

[0014] The second ventilation part 561 has basically the same configuration as the first ventilation part 560. The third ventilation part 562 has basically the same configuration as the first ventilation part 560, except that a second side wall 567 corresponding to the side wall 563b of the first ventilation part 560 is longer than a first side wall 566 corresponding to the side wall 563a of the first ventilation part 560, and the cross section in the short direction of the second ventilation part 561 has a generally inverted J shape. The ventilation member 544 is formed by stacking the first ventilation part 560, the second ventilation part 561, and the third ventilation part 562 in this order from below, and a strip-shaped thermal expansion material 569 is attached to the inner surface of the outdoor-facing side wall 563b of the first ventilation part 560.

[0015] Next, referring to FIG. 21, we will explain the state of the eaves soffit ventilation structure 547 in which the eaves soffit ventilation member 541 is attached to the eaves soffit. The eaves soffit ventilation structure 547 is fixed with screws, with the first vertical portion 550 abutting the upper end of multiple furring strips 571 attached at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction (the depth direction relative to the indoor / outdoor direction in FIG. 21) to the outer surface of the exterior wall base material 570. An exterior wall material 577 is inserted into the space formed by the first vertical portion 550, first horizontal portion 551, and second vertical portion 552. Furthermore, the thickness of the gable base material 578, which serves as the base for the gable 579, is adjusted to match the outer piece 554, and the underside of the gable base material 578 is fastened with the upper surface of the outer piece 554 abutting. This prevents gaps from forming between the eaves soffit member 543 and the gable base material 578. In the event of a fire occurring around eaves soffit ventilation structure 547, when the ambient temperature reaches a predetermined temperature, thermal expansion material 569 foams inside first ventilation part 560 and expands to fill the space between opening 557 and vent hole 565, so that thermal expansion material 569 closes ventilation path 575 and blocks outside air outside eaves soffit ventilation member 541. In this way, eaves soffit ventilation member 541 and eaves soffit ventilation structure 547 exhibit fire prevention performance. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0016] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 7262158 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2023-063659 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0017] As described above, the conventional ventilation device 501 and eaves soffit ventilation structure 507 shown in Patent Document 1 have excellent waterproof performance in addition to breathability, because the airflow is disturbed each time the air passes through the first vent 526, the second vent 527, and the third vent 528, making it difficult for rainwater to seep in. Although there is no particular mention of fire resistance, there has been a demand for a ventilation device and eaves soffit ventilation structure that also has excellent fire resistance, in order to reduce the risk of outside air heated by the flames entering the house through the ventilation device 501 and spreading the fire to the house in the event of a fire breaking out nearby.

[0018] Furthermore, as described above, in the case of the eaves soffit ventilation member 541 and eaves soffit ventilation structure 547 shown in Patent Document 2, when a fire breaks out around the eaves soffit ventilation structure 547, when the ambient temperature reaches a predetermined temperature, the thermal expansion material 569 inside the first ventilation part 560 foams and expands, blocking the ventilation path 575 and blocking the outside air outside the eaves soffit ventilation member 541, thereby demonstrating a certain level of fire prevention performance. However, there has been a demand for an eaves soffit ventilation member and eaves soffit ventilation structure with better fire prevention performance.

[0019] The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and has an object to provide an eaves ventilation structure and a ventilation device that have excellent fire resistance. [Means for solving the problem]

[0020] In order to achieve the above object, the invention described in claim 1 is an eaves ventilation structure installed in a portion between a gable base material and an exterior wall material, the eaves ventilation structure including a frame member including a first wall surface portion extending in the vertical direction along the indoor surface of the gable base material, a second wall surface portion extending in the vertical direction along the outdoor surface of the exterior wall material opposite to the first wall surface portion, and a bottom surface portion connected to the lower end sides of the first and second wall surface portions and having a plurality of openings formed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction, and a frame member disposed in a ventilation space partitioned by the inner surface of the first wall surface portion and the inner surface of the second wall surface portion, and extending from the first wall surface portion toward the second wall surface portion at positions spaced apart in the vertical direction above the bottom surface portion. The ventilation member has a ventilation function and includes a lower air passage forming portion and an upper air passage forming portion that extend and form an air passage, a lower air vent provided in the lower air passage forming portion that allows ventilation in the vertical direction, and an upper air vent provided in the upper air passage forming portion that allows ventilation in the vertical direction, and a thermal expansion member including at least a first thermal expansion material that is attached to the frame member or the ventilation member in the space between the bottom portion and the lower air passage forming portion and expands in response to heat to close the opening and the lower air vent, and a second thermal expansion material that is attached to the frame member or the ventilation member above the upper air passage forming portion and expands in response to heat to close the upper air vent.

[0021] This configuration can prevent heated air from entering the room.

[0022] The invention described in claim 2 is the configuration of the invention described in claim 1, in which the thermal expansion member further includes a third thermal expansion member attached to the frame member or ventilation member at a position different from the first thermal expansion member in the space between the bottom portion and the lower air passage forming portion, and which expands in response to heat to block at least one of the opening and the lower air vent.

[0023] With this configuration, the first thermal expansion material and the third thermal expansion material expand together, quickly blocking the opening and the lower ventilation hole, thereby preventing heated air from entering the room more quickly.

[0024] The invention as set forth in claim 3 is the configuration of the invention as set forth in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the first thermal expansion material is attached to the inner surface of the first wall portion near the connection point with the bottom portion.

[0025] With this configuration, the first thermal expansion material is less likely to be visible through the opening when viewed from the outside.

[0026] The invention as set forth in claim 4 is the configuration of the invention as set forth in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the second thermal expansion material is attached to the inner surface of the first wall portion near the ventilation member.

[0027] With this configuration, the second thermal expansion material expands in the vicinity of the ventilation member, making it possible to close the upper ventilation opening more quickly.

[0028] The invention as set forth in claim 5 is the configuration of the invention as set forth in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the second thermal expansion material is attached to the upper surface of the upper air passage forming portion.

[0029] With this configuration, the second thermal expansion material expands on the upper surface of the ventilation member, making it possible to close the upper vent opening more quickly.

[0030] The invention described in claim 6 is the same as the invention described in claim 2, in which the first thermal expansion material is attached near the connection point with the bottom surface portion on the inner surface of the first wall surface portion, and the third thermal expansion material is attached at a position opposite the first thermal expansion material on the inner surface of the second wall surface portion.

[0031] With this configuration, the first thermal expansion material expands from the first wall surface side, and the third thermal expansion material expands from the second wall surface side, making it possible to more quickly block the opening and the lower ventilation hole.

[0032] The invention described in claim 7 is the configuration of the invention described in claim 1, in which the thermal expansion member is attached to a frame member or a ventilation member in the space between the lower air passage forming portion and the upper air passage forming portion, and further includes an intermediate thermal expansion material that expands in response to heat to form an insulating layer in the space between the lower air passage forming portion and the upper air passage forming portion.

[0033] This configuration can more reliably block the entry of heated air into the room.

[0034] The invention described in claim 8 is the same as the invention described in claim 1, in which the frame member is connected to the outer surface of the first wall portion, extends horizontally toward the outdoors, and has an outer piece that covers the underside of the gable base material.

[0035] This configuration makes it less likely that gaps will form between the frame member and the gable base material.

[0036] The invention described in claim 9 is the configuration of the invention described in claim 1, wherein the ventilation member further has an intermediate air passage forming portion that extends diagonally upward from the second wall surface portion toward the first wall surface portion between the lower air passage forming portion and the upper air passage forming portion, and is connected to each of the lower air passage forming portion and the upper air passage forming portion, and the intermediate air passage forming portion is provided with an intermediate air vent that allows air to circulate in the vertical direction, the lower air vent is provided on the first wall surface side of the intermediate position of the lower air passage forming portion when viewed in the vertical direction, the intermediate air vent is provided on the second wall surface side of the intermediate position of the intermediate air passage forming portion when viewed in the vertical direction, and the upper air vent is provided on the first wall surface side of the upper air passage forming portion when viewed in the vertical direction.

[0037] With this configuration, the airflow is disturbed each time the air passes through the lower vent, the intermediate vent and the upper vent, making it difficult for rainwater to seep in.

[0038] The invention described in claim 10 is the same as the invention described in claim 9, in which the first thermal expansion material is attached near the connection point with the bottom surface portion on the inner surface of the first wall surface portion, and the second thermal expansion material is attached near the ventilation member on the inner surface of the first wall surface portion.

[0039] With this configuration, the lower air vent and the first thermal expansion material are positioned close to each other, and the upper air vent and the second thermal expansion material are positioned close to each other, so that when the first thermal expansion material and the second thermal expansion material expand, the lower air vent and the upper air vent can be blocked early.

[0040] The invention of claim 11 is a ventilation device used for natural ventilation of a house, comprising: a frame member including a first surface portion and a second surface portion extending opposite to each other; a connecting portion connected to one opposing end of each of the first surface portion and the second surface portion and having a plurality of openings formed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction; a first air passage forming portion and a second air passage forming portion disposed in a ventilation space defined by the inner surface of the first surface portion and the inner surface of the second surface portion, extending from the first surface portion toward the second surface portion at a position spaced apart from the connecting portion and forming an air passage; The ventilation member has a ventilation function and has a first air vent that allows ventilation between the connection portion and the path forming portion side, and a second air vent that is provided in the second air passage forming portion and allows ventilation between the first air passage forming portion side and the indoor side, and a thermal expansion member that includes at least a first thermal expansion material that is attached to the frame member or the ventilation member in the space between the connection portion and the first air passage forming portion and expands in response to heat to block the opening and the first air vent, and a second thermal expansion material that is attached to the frame member or the ventilation member on the indoor side of the second air passage forming portion and expands in response to heat to block the second air vent.

[0041] This configuration can prevent heated air from entering the room.

[0042] The invention described in claim 12 is the configuration of the invention described in claim 11, in which the thermal expansion member further includes a third thermal expansion member attached to the frame member or ventilation member at a position different from the first thermal expansion member in the space between the connection portion and the first air passage forming portion, and which expands in response to heat to block at least one of the opening and the first air vent.

[0043] With this configuration, the first thermal expansion material and the third thermal expansion material expand together, quickly blocking the opening and the first ventilation hole, thereby preventing heated air from entering the room more quickly.

[0044] The invention described in claim 13 is the configuration of the invention described in claim 11, in which the thermal expansion member is attached to a frame member or a ventilation member in the space between the first air passage forming portion and the second air passage forming portion, and further includes an intermediate thermal expansion material that expands in response to heat to form an insulating layer in the space between the first air passage forming portion and the second air passage forming portion.

[0045] This configuration can more reliably block the entry of heated air into the room. [Effects of the Invention]

[0046] As explained above, the invention described in claim 1 can block the intrusion of heated air into the room, thereby improving fire prevention performance.

[0047] In addition to the effects of the invention described in claim 1, the invention described in claim 2 further improves fire prevention performance by allowing the first and third thermal expansion materials to expand together and quickly block the opening and the downward ventilation hole, thereby preventing heated air from entering the building more quickly.

[0048] The invention of claim 3 has the effect of the invention of claim 1 or claim 2, and in addition, when viewed from the outside, the first thermal expansion material is less visible through the opening, improving the aesthetic appearance.

[0049] In addition to the effects of the invention described in claim 1 or claim 2, the invention described in claim 4 further improves fire resistance by allowing the second thermal expansion material to expand near the ventilation member, making it possible to block the upper ventilation opening more quickly.

[0050] In addition to the effects of the invention described in claim 1 or claim 2, the invention described in claim 5 further improves fire prevention performance by allowing the second thermal expansion material to expand on the upper surface of the ventilation member, making it possible to block the upper ventilation opening more quickly.

[0051] In addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 2, the invention described in claim 6 further improves fire prevention performance by allowing the first thermal expansion material to expand from the first wall surface side and the third thermal expansion material to expand from the second wall surface side, making it possible to seal the opening and downward ventilation hole more quickly.

[0052] The invention described in claim 7 has the same effect as the invention described in claim 1, and further improves fire prevention performance by more reliably blocking the intrusion of heated air into the room.

[0053] In addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1, the invention described in claim 8 further improves fire resistance by making it less likely for gaps to form between the frame member and the gable base material.

[0054] In addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1, the invention described in claim 9 improves waterproof performance by disturbing the airflow each time the air passes through the lower air vent, the middle air vent, and the upper air vent, making it difficult for rainwater to penetrate.

[0055] In addition to the effects of the invention described in claim 9, the invention described in claim 10 has the following features: the lower ventilation opening and the first thermal expansion material are positioned close to each other, and the upper ventilation opening and the second thermal expansion material are positioned close to each other; when the first thermal expansion material and the second thermal expansion material expand, the lower ventilation opening and the upper ventilation opening can be blocked early, thereby further improving fire prevention performance.

[0056] The invention described in claim 11 can block the intrusion of heated air into the room, thereby improving fire prevention performance.

[0057] In addition to the effects of the invention described in claim 11, the invention described in claim 12 further improves fire prevention performance by allowing the first thermal expansion material and the third thermal expansion material to expand together and quickly block the opening and the first ventilation hole, thereby more quickly blocking the intrusion of heated air into the room.

[0058] The invention described in claim 13 has the same effect as the invention described in claim 11, and further improves fire prevention performance by more reliably blocking the intrusion of heated air into the room. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0059] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic perspective view of a ventilation device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II shown in FIG. [Figure 3] 2 is an enlarged perspective view schematically showing the external shape of a ventilation member included in the ventilation device shown in FIG. 1. FIG. [Figure 4] 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing the external shape of a thermal expansion member included in the ventilation device shown in FIG. 1. FIG. [Figure 5] This is an assembly drawing showing the installation process for constructing an eaves ventilation structure by attaching the ventilation device shown in Figure 1 to the eaves part on the gable side, where (1) shows the first installation process and (2) shows the second installation process. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a side view showing the state of the eaves ventilation structure shown in FIG. 5 in the event of a fire. [Figure 7] 5A and 5B are schematic cross-sectional views of an eave ventilation structure to which ventilation devices according to the second and third embodiments of the present invention are attached, and correspond to FIG. 5, where (1) is a view relating to the second embodiment and (2) is a view relating to the third embodiment. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a ventilation device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, corresponding to FIG. 2. [Figure 9] 9 is a schematic side view showing the state of the eaves ventilation structure to which the ventilation device shown in FIG. 8 is attached in the event of a fire, and corresponds to FIG. 6. FIG. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional schematic view of a ventilation device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, corresponding to FIG. 2. [Figure 11] 11 is a side view showing the state of the eaves ventilation structure to which the ventilation device shown in FIG. 10 is attached in the event of a fire, and corresponds to FIG. 6. FIG. [Figure 12] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional schematic view of a ventilation device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, corresponding to FIG. 2. [Figure 13] 13 is a schematic side view showing the state of the eaves ventilation structure to which the ventilation device shown in FIG. 12 is attached in the event of a fire, and corresponds to FIG. 6. FIG. [Figure 14] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional schematic view of a ventilation device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention, corresponding to FIG. 2. [Figure 15] 10A and 10B are cross-sectional schematic diagrams of ventilation devices according to the eighth and ninth embodiments of the present invention, corresponding to FIG. 2, where (1) is a diagram relating to the eighth embodiment and (2) is a diagram relating to the ninth embodiment. [Figure 16] 10th and 11th embodiments of the present invention, corresponding to FIG. 2, where (1) is a diagram relating to the 10th embodiment and (2) is a diagram relating to the 11th embodiment. [Figure 17] 12 and 13 are cross-sectional schematic diagrams of ventilation devices according to the 12th and 13th embodiments of the present invention, corresponding to FIG. 2, where (1) is a diagram relating to the 12th embodiment and (2) is a diagram relating to the 13th embodiment. [Figure 18] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional schematic view of a conventional ventilation device. [Figure 19] FIG. 19 is a schematic side view showing the state in which the ventilation device shown in FIG. 18 is attached to the eaves ceiling. [Figure 20] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a conventional eaves ventilation member. [Figure 21] FIG. 21 is a schematic side view showing the state of the eaves ventilation structure in the event of a fire, with the eaves ventilation member shown in FIG. 20 attached to the eaves portion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0060] Figure 1 is a schematic oblique view of a ventilation device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of line II-II shown in Figure 1, Figure 3 is an enlarged oblique view schematically showing the external shape of a ventilation member included in the ventilation device shown in Figure 1, and Figure 4 is an enlarged oblique view showing the external shape of a thermal expansion member included in the ventilation device shown in Figure 1.

[0061] 1 and 2, ventilation device 1 is used for natural ventilation of a house, and is installed particularly in the area between the gable base material and the exterior wall material. Ventilation device 1 includes a frame member 3 formed by pressing steel plate, a ventilation member 4 also formed by pressing steel plate, and a thermal expansion member 5 attached to frame member 3 or ventilation member 4 that expands in response to heat above a predetermined temperature (here, 150°C).

[0062] The frame member 3 is formed in an elongated shape and is composed of a first wall surface portion 10 and a second wall surface portion 13 extending vertically in opposing relation to each other; a bottom surface portion 12 connected to the lower end of the second wall surface portion 13 and extending horizontally toward the lower end of the first wall surface portion 10; an outer piece 11 extending horizontally from the end of the bottom surface portion 12 facing the first wall surface portion 10, folding back upward, and extending horizontally to connect to the lower end of the first wall surface portion 10; a horizontal portion 14 connected to the upper end of the second wall surface portion 13 and extending horizontally toward the indoor side (the right side in Figure 2); and a third wall surface portion 15 connected to the indoor side end of the horizontal portion 14 and extending vertically downward. The upper end of the first wall surface portion 10 is provided with a folding back piece 16 folded back toward the outdoor side for injury prevention and reinforcement purposes. Rectangular openings 17 are formed in the bottom surface portion 12 at predetermined intervals along the length.

[0063] 3 is an enlarged perspective view schematically showing the external shape of a ventilation member included in the ventilation device shown in FIG.

[0064] 1 to 3, the ventilation member 4 is formed in an elongated shape and is attached to a ventilation space 18 defined by the inner surface of the first wall surface portion 10 and the inner surface of the second wall surface portion 13 of the frame member 3. Specifically, the ventilation member 4 has a lower air passage forming portion 20 extending horizontally from the second wall surface portion 13 toward the first wall surface portion 10 above the bottom surface portion 12 of the frame member 3 so as to cover a part of the upper portion of the bottom surface portion 12, an upper air passage forming portion 22 extending obliquely upward from the first wall surface portion 10 toward the second wall surface portion 13 above the lower air passage forming portion 20, and an intermediate air passage forming portion 21 connected to the second wall surface portion 13 side end of the lower air passage forming portion 20 and the first wall surface portion 11 side end of the upper air passage forming portion 22 between the lower air passage forming portion 20 and the upper air passage forming portion 22 and extending obliquely. At this time, the connection portion between the lower air passage forming portion 20 and the intermediate air passage forming portion 21 abuts against the second wall surface portion 13, and the connection portion between the intermediate air passage forming portion 21 and the upper air passage forming portion 22 abuts against the first wall surface portion 10.

[0065] The downward air-vent forming portion 20 has a downward air vent 23 that allows vertical ventilation, located closer to the first wall surface 10 than the midpoint indicated by the dashed dotted line C1 when viewed from the vertical direction. The downward air vent 23 is formed by a gap between the end of the downward air-vent forming portion 20 on the first wall surface 10 side and the first wall surface 10, which is created when the downward air-vent forming portion 20 starts on the inner surface of the second wall surface 13 and extends horizontally toward the inner surface of the first wall surface 10 to a midpoint. The length of the downward air vent 23 in the short direction (the indoor / outdoor direction in FIG. 2 ) is preferably 10% to 95% (2 mm to 19 mm) of the length of the downward air-vent forming portion 20, but more preferably 30% to 35% (6 mm to 7 mm) of the length of the downward air-vent forming portion 20 due to the effective opening area and waterproof surface.

[0066] In the intermediate air passage forming portion 21, an intermediate air vent 24 that allows ventilation in the vertical direction is provided closer to the second wall surface portion 13, which is the indoor side, than the intermediate position indicated by the dashed dotted line C1 when viewed from the vertical direction. The intermediate air vent 24 consists of a plurality of rectangular openings arranged at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction.

[0067] The upper air passage forming portion 22 is provided with an upper air vent 25 that allows air to pass in the vertical direction, on the first wall surface portion 10 side, which is closer to the outdoors than the intermediate position indicated by the dashed dotted line C1 when viewed from the vertical direction. The configuration of the upper air vent 25 is the same as that of the intermediate air vent 24.

[0068] In addition, the ventilation member 4 has a mounting portion 26 having a generally inverted L shape that extends from the end of the upper air passage forming portion 22 on the second wall surface portion 13 side and is attached to the frame member 3. The mounting portion 26 of the ventilation member 4 is fixed to the upper surface of the horizontal portion 14 of the frame member 3 and to the upper part of the outer surface of the third wall surface portion 15 with double-sided tape, adhesive, or the like.

[0069] 4 is an enlarged perspective view showing the external shape of a thermal expansion member included in the ventilation device shown in FIG.

[0070] 1 to 4, the thermal expansion member 5 is made up of strip-shaped first thermal expansion material 31, second thermal expansion material 32, and third thermal expansion material 33 attached to the inner surface of the first wall surface portion 10 or the second wall surface portion 13 of the frame member 3. As described above, each of the first thermal expansion material 31, second thermal expansion material 32, and third thermal expansion material 33 foams and expands when the ambient temperature reaches a predetermined temperature of 150°C or higher.

[0071] The first thermal expansion material 31 is attached so as to be in contact with the upper surface of the bottom surface portion 12 and the inner surface of the first wall surface portion 10. In other words, the first thermal expansion material 31 is attached to the inner surface of the first wall surface portion 10 near the connection point with the bottom surface portion 12.

[0072] The second thermal expansion material 32 is attached to the inner surface of the first wall surface portion 10 in a state where it is above the upper air-vent path forming portion 22 and as close as possible to the upper air-vent path forming portion 22 while maintaining a space 29 that is large enough not to obstruct ventilation through the upper air vent 25 of the upper air-vent path forming portion 22. In other words, the second thermal expansion material 32 is attached to the inner surface of the first wall surface portion 10 near the ventilation member 4.

[0073] The third thermal expansion material 33 is attached so as to contact the upper surface of the bottom surface portion 12 and the inner surface of the second wall surface portion 13, at a position opposite the first thermal expansion material 31 on the inner surface of the second wall surface portion 13.

[0074] The effects of configuring the ventilation device 1 as described above will be described later.

[0075] Next, the installation of the ventilation device 1 configured in this way on the eaves ceiling will be described.

[0076] Figure 5 is an assembly drawing showing the installation process for constructing an eaves ventilation structure by attaching the ventilation device shown in Figure 1 to the eaves part on the gable side, where (1) shows the first installation process and (2) shows the second installation process.

[0077] 5(1) in addition to Fig. 1, a plurality of furring strips 41 are attached at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction (the depth direction relative to the indoor / outdoor direction in the drawing) to the outer surface of the exterior wall base material 40. Rafters 42 are arranged above the attic space 45, and roof base material 43 and roof material 44 are installed on top of them to cover the roof base material 43.

[0078] In this state, first, the ventilation device 1 is placed on the upper part of the outer surface of the furring strip 41 so that part of the outer surface of its third wall surface portion 15 abuts against the outer surface of the part of the mounting portion 26 that covers the third wall surface portion 15, and the ventilation device 1 is aligned with the slope of the roof material 44, and then the ventilation device 1 is fixed to the third wall surface portion 15 with screws to secure it to the furring strip 41.

[0079] Next, the exterior wall material 47 is moved upward while being inserted from below into the space formed by the second wall surface portion 13, horizontal portion 14, and third wall surface portion 15 of the ventilation device 1. In this way, the second wall surface portion 13 and the third wall surface portion 15 of the ventilation device 1 sandwich the exterior wall material 47, thereby stabilizing the installation state of the ventilation device 1.

[0080] Continuing with reference to FIG. 5(2), in the first installation step, a wooden gable base material 48 is installed between the upper surface of the outer piece 11 of the ventilation device 1 and the roof base material 43. At this time, the outdoor surface of the gable base material 48 is adjusted so that it is flush with the outdoor end (folded portion) of the outer piece 11. For example, if the thickness of the gable base material 48 exceeds the width of the outer piece 11, a portion of the gable base material 48 is cut to match the width of the outer piece 11. If the thickness of the gable base material 48 is less than the width of the outer piece 11, the outer surface of the gable base material 48 is aligned with the outer end of the outer piece 11, or another base material is added to increase the thickness of the gable base material 48, thereby adjusting the installation position of the gable base material 48.

[0081] Once the adjustment of the gable base material 48 is complete, a screw is driven from the underside of the outer piece 11 toward the gable base material 48, and the gable base material 48 and the outer piece 11 are fixed together with the screw. In this way, the entire underside of the gable base material 48 is covered by the outer piece 11. The effect of this configuration will be described later.

[0082] Finally, using nails or the like, a gable 49 made of a fire-resistant metal or ceramic material is positioned so that its lower end is positioned below the underside of the gable base material 48 and fixed to the gable base material 48, completing the installation process of the ventilation device 1 and constructing an eaves ventilation structure 7 that allows air to flow between the outside of the eaves part and the attic space 45 via the opening 17 and ventilation member 4 as shown by arrow 28 in the figure.

[0083] Since the eaves ventilation structure 7 is located on the gable side of the house, under normal ventilation conditions, air heated inside the wall rises through the ventilation layer formed by the furring strips 41, flows in through the upper vent 25 of the ventilation device 1, passes through the intermediate vent 24 and the lower vent 23, and is discharged to the outdoors through the opening 17, as shown by arrow 28 in Figure 5 (2). On the other hand, when exposed to strong rain and wind, rainwater may flow along the underside of the ventilation device 1 and enter the interior of the ventilation device 1. However, because the lower vent 23, intermediate vent 24, and upper vent 25 of the ventilation member 4 of the ventilation device 1 are alternately arranged on the first wall surface 10 side or the second wall surface 13 side as described above, the intermediate vent 24 does not completely overlap either the lower vent 23 or the upper vent 25 when viewed from the top or bottom. Therefore, the airflow is disturbed each time the air passes through the lower air vent 23, the middle air vent 24 and the upper air vent 25, making it difficult for rainwater to penetrate, thereby improving the waterproof performance of the ventilation device 1 and the eaves ventilation structure 7.

[0084] Furthermore, as described above, the first thermal expansion material 31 is attached so as to be in contact with the upper surface of the bottom portion 12 and the inner surface of the first wall portion 10, so when the eaves ventilation structure 7 is viewed from the outside, the first thermal expansion material 31 is difficult to see through the opening 17, thereby improving the aesthetic appearance of the ventilation device 1 and the eaves ventilation structure 7.

[0085] Furthermore, the eaves ventilation structure 7 installed in the portion between such an exterior wall material 47 and the gable base material 48 includes a frame member 3 including a first wall surface portion 10 extending in the vertical direction along the indoor surface of the gable base material 48, a second wall surface portion 13 extending in the vertical direction along the outdoor surface of the exterior wall material 47 opposite to the first wall surface portion 10, and a bottom surface portion 12 connected to the lower end sides of each of the first wall surface portion 10 and the second wall surface portion 13 and having a plurality of openings 17 formed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction, and a frame member 3 including a first wall surface portion 10 extending in the vertical direction along the indoor surface of the gable base material 48, a second wall surface portion 13 facing the first wall surface portion 10 extending in the vertical direction along the outdoor surface of the exterior wall material 47, and a bottom surface portion 12 connected to the lower end sides of each of the first wall surface portion 10 and the second wall surface portion 13 and having a plurality of openings 17 formed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction, the frame member 3 including a first wall surface portion 10 extending in the vertical direction along the indoor surface of the gable base material 48, and a second wall surface portion 13 extending in the vertical direction along the indoor surface of the exterior wall material 47 opposite to the first wall surface portion 10 extending in the vertical direction along the outdoor surface of the exterior wall material 47 a ventilation member 4 having a ventilation function, the ventilation member 4 having a lower air passage forming portion 20 and an upper air passage forming portion 22, a lower air vent 23 provided in the lower air passage forming portion 20 and allowing ventilation in the vertical direction, and an upper air vent 25 provided in the upper air passage forming portion 22 and allowing ventilation in the vertical direction; and a thermal expansion member 5 including at least a first thermal expansion material 31 attached to the frame member 3 or the ventilation member 4 in the space between the bottom portion 12 and the lower air passage forming portion 20, which expands in response to heat to close the opening 17 and the lower air vent 23, and a second thermal expansion material 32 attached to the frame member 3 or the ventilation member 4 above the upper air passage forming portion 22, which expands in response to heat to close the upper air vent 25.

[0086] This configuration can prevent heated air from entering the building, improving fire protection.

[0087] The fire resistance will be explained in more detail below.

[0088] FIG. 6 is a schematic side view showing the state of the eaves ventilation structure shown in FIG. 5 in the event of a fire.

[0089] Referring to FIG. 6, when a fire breaks out near a house and the ambient temperature of the eaves ventilation structure 7 rises, heat is first transferred to the ventilation device 1 from the bottom surface 12 and outer piece 11, which are the outdoor portions closest to the source of the fire. Heat is then transferred to the first wall surface 10 and the second wall surface 13, gradually increasing the temperature of the ventilation member 4. When the temperature around the bottom surface 12 reaches a predetermined temperature, the first thermal expansion material 31 foams from the first wall surface 10 side, and the third thermal expansion material 33 foams from the second wall surface 13 side, expanding to fill the space between the bottom surface 12 and the lower air passage forming portion 20. By blocking the opening 17 and the lower air vent 23, it is possible to block outside air from entering the building, as shown by arrows A1 and A2.

[0090] In this way, it is possible to block the intrusion of heated air (outside air) into the room, thereby improving the fire resistance of the ventilation device 1 and the eaves soffit ventilation structure 7. In addition, the first thermal expansion material 31 and the third thermal expansion material 33 expand together to quickly block the opening 17 and the downward vent 23, thereby blocking the intrusion of heated air into the room more quickly, further improving the fire resistance of the ventilation device 1 and the eaves soffit ventilation structure 7. Furthermore, the first thermal expansion material 31 expands from the first wall surface portion 10 side, and the third thermal expansion material 33 expands from the second wall surface portion 13 side (expanding from both the left and right sides toward the center in the cross-sectional view shown in FIG. 6 ), thereby enabling the opening 17 and the downward vent 23 to be blocked more quickly, further improving the fire resistance of the ventilation device 1 and the eaves soffit ventilation structure 7.

[0091] Next, even after the first thermal expansion material 31 and the third thermal expansion material 33 have expanded, radiant heat continues to be transmitted to the intermediate air passage forming portion 21 and the upper air passage forming portion 22, which are the upper portions of the ventilation device 1. When the ambient temperature of the upper air passage forming portion 22 reaches a predetermined temperature, the second thermal expansion material 32 foams and expands to cover the upper surface of the upper air passage forming portion 22. In this way, the upper vent 25 is blocked, thereby preventing heated air from entering the room.

[0092] In particular, since the first thermal expansion material 31 and the third thermal expansion material 33 expand at a slight interval from the second thermal expansion material 32, the second thermal expansion material 32 can again block the air whose temperature has increased inside the ventilation space 18 after the first thermal expansion material 31 and the third thermal expansion material 33 have expanded from entering the room.

[0093] In this way, blocking the upper vent 25 prevents heated air from entering the room, thereby improving the fire resistance of the ventilation device 1 and the eaves soffit ventilation structure 7. In addition, the expansion of the second thermal expansion material 32 near the ventilation member 4 allows the upper vent 25 to be blocked more quickly, further improving the fire resistance of the ventilation device 1 and the eaves soffit ventilation structure 7. Furthermore, the lower vent 23 and the first thermal expansion material 31 are positioned close to each other, and the upper vent 25 and the second thermal expansion material 32 are positioned close to each other, and when the first thermal expansion material 31 and the second thermal expansion material 32 expand, the lower vent 23 and the upper vent 25 can be blocked more quickly, further improving the fire resistance of the ventilation device 1 and the eaves soffit ventilation structure 7.

[0094] Furthermore, by arranging the first thermal expansion material 31 and the second thermal expansion material 32 below the lower ventilation port 23 and above the upper ventilation port 25, respectively, it is possible to achieve fire prevention performance while reducing the amount of thermal expansion material 5 used, which does not hinder ventilation and is cost-effective.

[0095] Furthermore, the underside of the gable base material 48 is covered by the outer piece 11 and fixed in place to prevent gaps from forming between the frame member 3 and the gable base material 48, so that even if a fire breaks out near the eaves soffit ventilation structure 7, the gable base material 48, which is made of flammable wood, is covered by the outer piece 11 and is unlikely to be exposed. Furthermore, even if the frame member 3 deforms due to heat, the fixed state between the frame member 3 and the gable base material 48 is maintained via the outer piece 11. Therefore, gaps are unlikely to form between the frame member 3 and the gable base material 48, making it difficult for hot air and flames to enter the building through the gaps, improving the fire resistance of the ventilation device 1 and the eaves soffit ventilation structure 7.

[0096] However, if the ventilation member 544 of the eaves ventilation member 541 described in Patent Document 2 above were simply replaced with the ventilation member 504 of the ventilation device 501 described in Patent Document 1, while ventilation performance would improve, a new problem would arise in that high heat from a fire would be more likely to be transmitted to the inside of the house. The ventilation device 1 of this invention solves the problem of fire prevention performance by arranging two or more thermal expansion materials.

[0097] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an eaves ventilation structure equipped with ventilation devices according to the second and third embodiments of the present invention, and corresponds to Figure 5, where (1) is a diagram relating to the second embodiment and (2) is a diagram relating to the third embodiment.

[0098] First, referring to (1) in Figure 7, the eaves ventilation structure 57 consists of a ventilation device 1 similar to that of the first embodiment attached to the eaves part of the eaves edge on the underwater side using the same process as that of the first embodiment.

[0099] Since the eaves ventilation structure 57 is located on the underwater side of the house, under normal ventilation conditions, as shown by arrow 58, outdoor air flows in through the opening 17 of the ventilation device 1, passes through the lower vent 23, the intermediate vent 24, and the upper vent 25 in that order, and then passes through the attic space 55.

[0100] If a fire (not shown) breaks out near the eaves soffit ventilation structure 57, as described in the first embodiment, first the first thermal expansion material 31 and third thermal expansion material 33 of the thermal expansion member 5 both foam and expand to fill the space between the bottom surface portion 12 and the lower air passage forming portion 20, thereby blocking the opening 17 and the lower air vent 23. Next, the second thermal expansion material 32 foams and expands to cover the upper surface of the upper air passage forming portion 22, thereby blocking the upper air vent 25. Such an eaves soffit ventilation structure 57 has the same effects as the eaves soffit ventilation structure 7 of the first embodiment.

[0101] Also, referring to (2) in Figure 7, the eaves ventilation structure 67 is composed of a ventilation device 1 similar to that of the first embodiment attached to the eaves portion on the gable roof side using the same process as that of the first embodiment.

[0102] The eaves ventilation structure 67 is located on the sloped roof side of the house, so under normal ventilation conditions, as shown by arrow 68, air from inside the attic space 65 flows in through the upper vent 25 of the ventilation device 1, passes through the middle vent 24 and the lower vent 23 in that order, and is discharged to the outdoors through opening 17.

[0103] If a fire (not shown) breaks out near the eaves soffit ventilation structure 67, as described in the first embodiment, first the first thermal expansion material 31 and third thermal expansion material 33 of the thermal expansion member 5 both foam and expand to fill the space between the bottom surface portion 12 and the lower air passage forming portion 20, thereby blocking the opening 17 and the lower air vent 23. Next, the second thermal expansion material 32 foams and expands to cover the upper surface of the upper air passage forming portion 22, thereby blocking the upper air vent 25. Such an eaves soffit ventilation structure 67 has the same effects as the eaves soffit ventilation structure 7 of the first embodiment.

[0104] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a ventilation device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, and corresponds to Figure 2. Figure 9 is a side schematic diagram showing the state of an eaves ventilation structure equipped with the ventilation device shown in Figure 8 in the event of a fire, and corresponds to Figure 6.

[0105] In addition, since the configuration of the ventilation device 71 and the eaves soffit ventilation structure 77 in this embodiment is basically the same as the ventilation device 1 and the eaves soffit ventilation structure 7 in the first embodiment, the differences will be mainly explained here.

[0106] Referring to Figure 8, the ventilation device 71 has the second thermal expansion material 102 of the thermal expansion member 75 provided not on the first wall surface portion 80 of the frame member 73 but on the upper surface adjacent to the connection portion between the mounting portion 96 of the ventilation member 74 and the upper air passage forming portion 92.

[0107] 8 and 9, when a fire breaks out near the eaves ventilation structure 77, as in the first embodiment, first the first thermal expansion material 101 and third thermal expansion material 103 of the thermal expansion member 75 both foam and expand to fill the space between the bottom surface portion 82 and the lower air passage forming portion 90, thereby blocking the opening 87 and the lower air vent 93. Next, the second thermal expansion material 102 foams and expands to cover the upper surface of the upper air passage forming portion 92, thereby blocking the upper air vent 95.

[0108] In this way, the second thermal expansion material 102 is positioned adjacent to the upper air vent forming portion 92, and by expanding the second thermal expansion material 102 on the upper surface of the ventilation member 74, it is possible to block the upper air vent 95 more quickly, thereby further improving the fire resistance performance of the ventilation device 71 and the eaves ventilation structure 77.

[0109] Figure 10 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a ventilation device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention, and corresponds to Figure 2. Figure 11 is a side schematic diagram showing the state of an eaves ventilation structure equipped with the ventilation device shown in Figure 10 in the event of a fire, and corresponds to Figure 6.

[0110] The configuration of the ventilation device 111 and the eaves soffit ventilation structure 117 in this embodiment is basically the same as the ventilation device 1 and the eaves soffit ventilation structure 7 in the first embodiment, so the differences will be mainly explained here.

[0111] Referring to Figure 10, the ventilation device 111 is arranged so that the second thermal expansion material 142 of the thermal expansion member 115 is adjacent to the upper ventilation port 135 on the upper surface of the upper ventilation path forming portion 132 of the mounting portion 137 of the ventilation member 114, rather than the first wall surface portion 120 of the frame member 113.

[0112] 10 and 11 , when a fire breaks out near the eaves ventilation structure 117, as in the first embodiment, first and third thermal expansion materials 141 and 143 of the thermal expansion member 115 foam together and expand to fill the space between the bottom surface 122 and the lower air passage forming portion 130, thereby blocking the opening 127 and the lower air vent 133. Next, the second thermal expansion material 142 foams and expands to cover the upper surface of the upper air passage forming portion 132, thereby blocking the upper air vent 135. At this time, because the upper air passage forming portion 132 on which the second thermal expansion material 142 is installed is inclined downward toward the outdoors (the upper air vent 135 side), the foaming of the second thermal expansion material 142 is guided to the upper air vent 135.

[0113] In this way, the second thermal expansion material 142 is positioned adjacent to the upper ventilation opening 135, and as the second thermal expansion material 142 expands on the upper surface of the ventilation member 114, it is possible to block the upper ventilation opening 135 more quickly, thereby further improving the fire resistance performance of the ventilation device 111 and the eaves ventilation structure 117.

[0114] Figure 12 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a ventilation device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention, and corresponds to Figure 2. Figure 13 is a side schematic diagram showing the state of an eaves ventilation structure equipped with the ventilation device shown in Figure 12 in the event of a fire, and corresponds to Figure 6.

[0115] The configuration of the ventilation device 151 and the eaves soffit ventilation structure 157 in this embodiment is basically the same as the ventilation device 1 and the eaves soffit ventilation structure 7 in the first embodiment, so the differences will be mainly explained here.

[0116] 12, in the ventilation device 151, instead of the third thermal expansion material for the thermal expansion member 155, an intermediate thermal expansion material 183 is attached to the inner surface of the second wall surface portion 163 in the space between the intermediate air passage forming portion 171 and the upper air passage forming portion 172, which is included in the space between the lower air passage forming portion 170 and the upper air passage forming portion 172. The configuration of the intermediate thermal expansion material 183 is similar to that of the third thermal expansion material 33 of the first embodiment, and expands to form a heat insulating layer in the space between the lower air passage forming portion 170 and the upper air passage forming portion 172.

[0117] 12 and 13, when a fire breaks out near the eaves ventilation structure 157, the first thermal expansion material 181 of the thermal expansion member 155 first foams and expands to fill the space between the bottom surface portion 162 and the lower air passage forming portion 170, thereby blocking the opening 167 and the lower air vent 173. Next, the intermediate thermal expansion material 183 foams and expands to fill the space between the intermediate air passage forming portion 171 and the upper air passage forming portion 172, thereby blocking the intermediate air vent 174. As a result, the intermediate thermal expansion material 183 forms a heat insulating layer in the space between the lower air passage forming portion 170 and the upper air passage forming portion 172. Furthermore, the second thermal expansion material 182 foams and expands to cover the upper surface of the upper air passage forming portion 172, thereby blocking the upper air vent 175. In this way, the expansion of the first thermal expansion material 181, the intermediate thermal expansion material 183, and the second thermal expansion material 182 can more reliably block the intrusion of heated air into the room, further improving the fire resistance of the ventilation device 151 and the eaves ventilation structure 157.

[0118] FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a ventilation device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention, and corresponds to FIG.

[0119] The configuration of the ventilation device 191 in this embodiment is basically the same as that of the ventilation device 1 in the first embodiment, so the following description will focus on the differences.

[0120] 14, ventilation device 191 has a frame member 193 having the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, and a ventilation member 194 formed by substantially flipping ventilation member 4 of the first embodiment laterally attached to the frame member 193. Specifically, ventilation member 194 has a lower air-ventilation path forming portion 210 extending from the first wall surface portion 200 toward the second wall surface portion 203, an intermediate air-ventilation path forming portion 211 extending obliquely upward from the end of lower air-ventilation path forming portion 210 on the first wall surface portion 200 side toward the second wall surface portion 203, and an upper air-ventilation path forming portion 212 extending obliquely upward from the end of intermediate air-ventilation path forming portion 211 on the second wall surface portion 203 side toward the first wall surface portion 200.

[0121] The lower air vent 213 is formed closer to the second wall surface 203 than the intermediate position indicated by the dashed-dotted line C2 of the lower air passage forming portion 210 in the vertical direction. Specifically, the lower air vent 213 is formed by a gap between the end of the lower air vent forming portion 210 on the second wall surface 203 side and the second wall surface 203, which is created when the lower air vent forming portion 210 starts from the inner surface of the first wall surface 200 and extends halfway toward the inner surface of the second wall surface 203. Furthermore, the intermediate air vent 214 is formed closer to the first wall surface 200 than the intermediate position indicated by the dashed-dotted line C2 of the intermediate air vent forming portion 211 in the vertical direction. Furthermore, the upper air vent 215 is formed closer to the second wall surface 203 than the intermediate position indicated by the dashed-dotted line C2 of the upper air vent forming portion 212 in the vertical direction. The shapes of the intermediate ventilation port 214 and the upper ventilation port 215 are similar to those of the intermediate ventilation port 24 and the upper ventilation port 25 of the first embodiment.

[0122] In addition, the ventilation member 194 has an attachment portion 216 extending upward along the frame member 193 from the end portion of the upper air passage forming portion 212 on the side of the first wall surface portion 200, and the ventilation member 194 is fixed to the frame member 193 by the attachment portion 126 using double-sided tape, adhesive, etc.

[0123] Furthermore, the ventilation device 191 is provided with a thermal expansion member 195 consisting of a first thermal expansion material 217, a second thermal expansion material 218 and a third thermal expansion material 219 having the same configuration as in the first embodiment at the same position as in the first embodiment.

[0124] Using this type of ventilation device 191, an eaves soffit ventilation structure 197 (not shown) similar to that of the first embodiment is constructed. When a fire (not shown) breaks out near the eaves soffit ventilation structure 197, as described in the first embodiment, first, both the first thermal expansion material 217 and the third thermal expansion material 219 of the thermal expansion member 195 foam and expand to fill the space between the bottom surface 202 and the lower air passage forming portion 210, thereby blocking the opening 207 and the lower air vent 213. Next, the second thermal expansion material 218 foams and expands to cover the upper surface of the upper air passage forming portion 212, thereby blocking the upper air vent 215. This type of ventilation device 191 and eaves soffit ventilation structure 197 achieve the same effects as the ventilation device 1 and eaves soffit ventilation structure 7 of the first embodiment.

[0125] Figure 15 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a ventilation device according to the eighth and ninth embodiments of the present invention, and corresponds to Figure 2, where (1) is a diagram relating to the eighth embodiment and (2) is a diagram relating to the ninth embodiment.

[0126] The configurations of the ventilation device 221 in the eighth embodiment and the ventilation device 251 in the ninth embodiment are basically the same as the ventilation device 1 in the first embodiment, so the differences will be mainly described here.

[0127] 15(1), a ventilation device 221 of the eighth embodiment has a shelf-like ventilation member 224 attached to a frame member 223 similar to that of the first embodiment. Specifically, the ventilation member 224 is attached above a bottom surface 232 of the frame member 223. The ventilation member 224 includes a lower air passage forming portion 240, an intermediate air passage forming portion 241, and an upper air passage forming portion 242, which are arranged in this order from bottom to top. The lower air passage forming portion 240 of the ventilation member 224 is attached by welding or the like so as to extend horizontally from the second wall surface 233 to a midpoint toward the first wall surface 230. Similarly, the intermediate air passage forming portion 241 is attached horizontally from the first wall surface 230 to a midpoint toward the second wall surface 233, and the upper air passage forming portion 242 is attached horizontally from the second wall surface 233 to a midpoint toward the first wall surface 230. The gaps between the first wall portion 230 side end of the lower air passage forming portion 240 and the upper air passage forming portion 242 and the first wall portion 230 form a lower air vent 243 and an upper air vent 245, respectively, and the gap between the second wall portion 233 side end of the intermediate air passage forming portion 241 and the second wall portion 233 forms an intermediate air vent 244.

[0128] In addition, the ventilation device 221 is provided with a thermal expansion member 225 consisting of a first thermal expansion material 247, a second thermal expansion material 248 and a third thermal expansion material 249, which have the same configuration as in the first embodiment, at the same position as in the first embodiment.

[0129] Using this ventilation device 221, an eaves soffit ventilation structure 227 (not shown) similar to that of the first embodiment is constructed. When a fire (not shown) breaks out near the eaves soffit ventilation structure 227, as described in the first embodiment, first, both the first thermal expansion material 247 and the third thermal expansion material 249 of the thermal expansion member 225 foam and expand to fill the space between the bottom surface portion 232 and the lower air passage forming portion 240, thereby blocking the opening 237 and the lower air vent 243. Next, the second thermal expansion material 248 foams and expands to cover the upper surface of the upper air passage forming portion 242, thereby blocking the upper air vent 245.

[0130] The ventilation device 221 and the eaves ventilation structure 227 having such a configuration can block the intrusion of heated air into the room, as in the first embodiment, thereby improving the fire resistance of the ventilation device 221 and the eaves ventilation structure 227.

[0131] 15(2), a ventilation device 251 of the ninth embodiment has a configuration in which the ventilation member 224 of the ventilation device 221 of the eighth embodiment is attached to a frame member 253 similar to that of the first embodiment in a laterally inverted manner. That is, the lower air passage forming portion 270 and the upper air passage forming portion 272 of the ventilation member 254 are attached so as to extend horizontally from the first wall surface portion 260 to a midpoint toward the second wall surface portion 263, and the intermediate air passage forming portion 271 is attached so as to extend horizontally from the second wall surface portion 263 to a midpoint toward the first wall surface portion 260. The gaps between the second wall portion 263 side end of the lower air passage forming portion 270 and the upper air passage forming portion 272 and the second wall portion 263 form a lower air vent 273 and an upper air vent 275, respectively, and the gap between the first wall portion 260 side end of the intermediate air passage forming portion 271 and the second wall portion 263 form an intermediate air vent 274.

[0132] Using this ventilation device 251, an eaves soffit ventilation structure 257 (not shown) similar to the first to third embodiments is constructed. When a fire (not shown) breaks out near the eaves soffit ventilation structure 257, as described in the first embodiment, first, both the first thermal expansion material 277 and the third thermal expansion material 279 of the thermal expansion member 255 foam and expand to fill the space between the bottom surface 262 and the lower air passage forming portion 270, thereby blocking the opening 267 and the lower air vent 273. Next, the second thermal expansion material 278 foams and expands to cover the upper surface of the upper air passage forming portion 272, thereby blocking the upper air vent 275. This ventilation device 251 and eaves soffit ventilation structure 257 achieve the same effects as the ventilation device 221 and eaves soffit ventilation structure 227 of the eighth embodiment.

[0133] Figure 16 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of ventilation devices according to the tenth and eleventh embodiments of the present invention, corresponding to Figure 2, where (1) is a diagram relating to the tenth embodiment and (2) is a diagram relating to the eleventh embodiment.

[0134] The configurations of the ventilation device 281 in the tenth embodiment and the ventilation device 311 in the eleventh embodiment are basically the same as the ventilation device 1 in the first embodiment, so the differences will be mainly described here.

[0135] 16(1), a ventilation device 281 of the tenth embodiment has a ventilation member 284 attached by welding or the like to a frame member 283 similar to that of the first embodiment. The ventilation member 284 has a lower air passage forming portion 300 extending obliquely downward from a first wall surface portion 290 toward a second wall surface portion 293, and an upper air passage forming portion 302 extending obliquely upward from the end of the lower air passage forming portion 300 on the first wall surface portion 290 side toward the second wall surface portion 293. When viewed in the vertical direction, the lower air passage forming portion 300 has a lower air vent 303 that allows ventilation in the vertical direction, formed on the second wall surface portion 293 side, which is the indoor side, from a middle position indicated by a dashed dotted line C3 when viewed in the vertical direction. In the upper air passage forming portion 302, an upper air vent 305 that allows air to circulate in the vertical direction is formed on the first wall surface portion 290 side, which is closer to the outdoors than the intermediate position indicated by the dashed dotted line C3 when viewed from the vertical direction. The lower air vent 303 and the upper air vent 305 have the same shapes as the intermediate air vent 24 and the upper air vent 25 of the first embodiment.

[0136] In addition, the ventilation device 281 is provided with a thermal expansion member 285 consisting of a first thermal expansion material 307, a second thermal expansion material 308, and a third thermal expansion material 309, which are similar to those in the first embodiment, in a position similar to that in the first embodiment.

[0137] Using this ventilation device 281, an eaves soffit ventilation structure 287 (not shown) similar to that of the first embodiment is constructed. When a fire (not shown) breaks out near the eaves soffit ventilation structure 287, as described in the first embodiment, first, both the first thermal expansion material 307 and the third thermal expansion material 309 of the thermal expansion member 285 foam and expand to fill the space between the bottom surface portion 292 and the lower air passage forming portion 300, thereby blocking the opening 297 and the lower air vent 303. Next, the second thermal expansion material 308 foams and expands to cover the upper surface of the upper air passage forming portion 302, thereby blocking the upper air vent 305.

[0138] The ventilation device 281 and the eaves ventilation structure 287 having such a configuration can block the intrusion of heated air into the room, as in the first embodiment, thereby improving the fire resistance of the ventilation device 281 and the eaves ventilation structure 287.

[0139] 16(2), a ventilation device 311 according to the eleventh embodiment has a configuration in which the ventilation member 284 of the ventilation device 281 according to the tenth embodiment is attached to a frame member 313 similar to that of the first embodiment, but in a laterally inverted configuration. That is, the ventilation member 314 has a lower air passage forming portion 330 extending obliquely downward from the second wall surface portion 323 toward the first wall surface portion 320, and an upper air passage forming portion 332 extending obliquely upward from the end of the lower air passage forming portion 330 on the second wall surface portion 323 side toward the first wall surface portion 320. The lower air vent 333 is formed closer to the first wall surface portion 320 than the midpoint of the lower air passage forming portion 330 indicated by the dashed-dotted line C4 when viewed from the up-down direction. The upper air vent 335 is formed closer to the second wall surface portion 323 than the midpoint of the upper air passage forming portion 332 indicated by the dashed-dotted line C4.

[0140] Using this ventilation device 311, an eaves soffit ventilation structure 317 (not shown) similar to that of the first embodiment is constructed. When a fire (not shown) breaks out near the eaves soffit ventilation structure 317, as described in the first embodiment, first, both the first thermal expansion material 337 and the third thermal expansion material 339 of the thermal expansion member 315 foam and expand to fill the space between the bottom surface 322 and the lower air passage forming portion 330, thereby blocking the opening 327 and the lower air vent 333. Next, the second thermal expansion material 338 foams and expands to cover the upper surface of the upper air passage forming portion 332, thereby blocking the upper air vent 335. This ventilation device 311 and eaves soffit ventilation structure 317 achieve the same effects as the ventilation device 281 and eaves soffit ventilation structure 287 of the tenth embodiment.

[0141] Figure 17 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of ventilation devices according to the twelfth and thirteenth embodiments of the present invention, corresponding to Figure 2, where (1) is a diagram relating to the twelfth embodiment and (2) is a diagram relating to the thirteenth embodiment.

[0142] The configurations of the ventilation device 341 in the twelfth embodiment and the ventilation device 381 in the thirteenth embodiment are basically the same as the ventilation device 1 in the first embodiment, so the differences will be mainly described here.

[0143] 17(1), a ventilation device 341 of the twelfth embodiment has a winding-like ventilation member 344 attached to a frame member 343 similar to that of the first embodiment. Specifically, above a bottom surface portion 352, the ventilation device has a lower air passage forming portion 360, a first intermediate air passage forming portion 362, a second intermediate air passage forming portion 364, and an upper air passage forming portion 366, which extend horizontally from a first wall surface portion 350 to a second wall surface portion 353 in this order from below.

[0144] Furthermore, the first wall surface 350 side ends of the lower air passage forming portion 360 and the first intermediate air passage forming portion 362 are connected by a first connecting portion 361 extending along the first wall surface 350, the second wall surface 353 side ends of the first intermediate air passage forming portion 362 and the second intermediate air passage forming portion 364 are connected by a second connecting portion 363 extending along the second wall surface 353, and the first wall surface 350 side ends of the second intermediate air passage forming portion 364 and the upper air passage forming portion 366 are connected by a third connecting portion 365 extending along the first wall surface 350.

[0145] Furthermore, the lower air passage forming portion 360 has a lower air vent 367 that allows vertical ventilation on the second wall surface portion 353 side, which is on the indoor side, of the midpoint indicated by the dashed-dotted line C5, in a vertical view. Furthermore, the first intermediate air passage forming portion 362 has a first intermediate air vent 368 that allows vertical ventilation on the first wall surface portion 350 side, which is on the outdoor side, of the midpoint indicated by the dashed-dotted line C5, in a vertical view. Furthermore, the second intermediate air passage forming portion 364 has a second intermediate air vent 369 that allows vertical ventilation on the second wall surface portion 353 side, which is on the midpoint indicated by the dashed-dotted line C5, in a vertical view. Furthermore, the upper air passage forming portion 366 has an upper air vent 370 that allows vertical ventilation on the first wall surface portion 350 side, which is on the indoor side, of the midpoint indicated by the dashed-dotted line C5. Each vent has a shape similar to that of the middle vent 24 and the upper vent 25 of the first embodiment.

[0146] Furthermore, the ventilation device 341 is provided with a thermal expansion member 345 consisting of a first thermal expansion material 377, a second thermal expansion material 378 and a third thermal expansion material 379, which are similar to those in the first embodiment, at a position similar to that in the first embodiment.

[0147] Using this type of ventilation device 341, an eaves soffit ventilation structure 347 (not shown) similar to that of the first embodiment is constructed. When a fire (not shown) breaks out near the eaves soffit ventilation structure 347, as described in the first embodiment, first, both the first thermal expansion material 377 and the third thermal expansion material 379 of the thermal expansion member 345 foam and expand to fill the space between the bottom surface portion 352 and the lower air passage forming portion 360, thereby blocking the opening 357 and the lower air vent 367. Next, the second thermal expansion material 378 foams and expands to cover the upper surface of the upper air passage forming portion 366, thereby blocking the upper air vent 370.

[0148] Similar to the first embodiment, the ventilation device 341 and the eaves soffit ventilation structure 347 having such a configuration can block heated air from entering the room, thereby improving the fire prevention performance of the ventilation device 221 and the eaves soffit ventilation structure 227. Furthermore, by installing more complex ventilation components, even if heated air does enter the ventilation components, the air flow is more likely to be disturbed, thereby improving the fire prevention performance of the ventilation device 341 and the eaves soffit ventilation structure 347.

[0149] 17(2), a ventilation device 381 of the thirteenth embodiment has a configuration in which the ventilation member 344 of the ventilation device 341 of the twelfth embodiment is mounted in a reversed position. That is, in the ventilation member 384, the second wall surface portion 393 side end portions of the lower air passage forming portion 400 and the first intermediate air passage forming portion 402 are connected by a first connecting portion 401 extending along the first wall surface portion 390, the first wall surface portion 390 side end portions of the first intermediate air passage forming portion 402 and the second intermediate air passage forming portion 404 are connected by a second connecting portion 403 extending along the second wall surface portion 393, and the second wall surface portion 393 side end portions of the second intermediate air passage forming portion 404 and the upper air passage forming portion 406 are connected by a third connecting portion 405 extending along the second wall surface portion 393.

[0150] Furthermore, the lower ventilation port 407 is formed closer to the first wall surface 390 than the intermediate position indicated by the dashed-dotted line C6 of the lower ventilation path forming portion 400 when viewed in the vertical direction. Furthermore, the first intermediate ventilation port 408 is formed closer to the second wall surface 393 than the intermediate position indicated by the dashed-dotted line C6 of the first intermediate ventilation path forming portion 402 when viewed in the vertical direction. Furthermore, the second intermediate ventilation port 409 is formed closer to the first wall surface 390 than the intermediate position indicated by the dashed-dotted line C6 of the second intermediate ventilation path forming portion 404. Furthermore, the upper ventilation port 410 is formed closer to the second wall surface 393 than the intermediate position indicated by the dashed-dotted line C6 of the upper ventilation path forming portion 406.

[0151] Using this ventilation device 381, an eaves soffit ventilation structure 387 (not shown) similar to that of the first embodiment is constructed. When a fire (not shown) breaks out near the eaves soffit ventilation structure 387, as described in the first embodiment, first, both the first thermal expansion material 417 and the third thermal expansion material 419 of the thermal expansion member 385 foam and expand to fill the space between the bottom surface 392 and the lower air passage forming portion 400, thereby blocking the opening 397 and the lower air vent 407. Next, the second thermal expansion material 418 foams and expands to cover the upper surface of the upper air passage forming portion 406, thereby blocking the upper air vent 410. This ventilation device 381 and eaves soffit ventilation structure 387 achieve the same effects as the ventilation device 341 and eaves soffit ventilation structure 347 of the twelfth embodiment.

[0152] Although not explained above, the ventilation devices in the above-mentioned embodiments are premised on ventilation in the vertical direction, but this is not limited thereto, and may be capable of ventilation in the horizontal or diagonal direction. For example, a ventilation device used for natural ventilation of a house, comprising: a frame member including a first surface portion (corresponding to the first wall surface portion) and a second surface portion (corresponding to the second wall surface portion) extending opposite each other, a connecting portion (corresponding to the bottom surface portion) connected to one opposite end side (corresponding to the lower end side of the first wall surface portion and the second wall surface portion) of each of the first surface portion and the second surface portion and having a plurality of openings formed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction, a first air passage forming portion (corresponding to the lower air passage forming portion) and a second air passage forming portion (corresponding to the upper air passage forming portion) disposed in a ventilation space partitioned by the inner surface of the first surface portion and the inner surface of the second surface portion, extending from the first surface portion toward the second surface portion at a position spaced from the connecting portion and forming an air passage; The ventilation member may include a ventilation function and has a first air vent (corresponding to a lower air vent) provided in the first air passage forming portion to allow ventilation between the connection portion side and the second air passage forming portion side, and a second air vent (corresponding to an upper air vent) provided in the second air passage forming portion to allow ventilation between the first air passage forming portion side and the indoor side; and a thermal expansion member including at least a first thermal expansion material attached to the frame member or the ventilation member in the space between the connection portion and the first air passage forming portion and expands in response to heat to close the opening and the first air vent, and a second thermal expansion material attached to the frame member or the ventilation member on the indoor side of the second air passage forming portion and expands in response to heat to close the second air vent.

[0153] This prevents heated air from entering the building, improving fire protection.

[0154] Furthermore, this ventilation device may further include a third thermal expansion material attached to the frame member or ventilation member at a position different from the first thermal expansion material in the space between the connection portion and the first air passage forming portion, and which expands in response to heat to block at least one of the opening and the first air vent.

[0155] By doing this, the first thermal expansion material and the third thermal expansion material expand together, quickly blocking the opening and the first ventilation hole, thereby preventing heated air from entering the building more quickly, further improving fire prevention performance.

[0156] Furthermore, the ventilation device may further include an intermediate thermal expansion material that is attached to the frame member or the ventilation member in the space between the first air passage forming portion and the second air passage forming portion and expands in response to heat to form an insulating layer in the space between the first air passage forming portion and the second air passage forming portion.

[0157] This makes it possible to more reliably block the intrusion of heated air into the building, further improving fire prevention performance.

[0158] Although the eaves ventilation structures using the ventilation devices of the fourth to thirteenth embodiments have been described as being on the eaves side, it is also possible to construct eaves ventilation structures on the underwater side or gable roof side as described in the second and third embodiments. Such eaves ventilation structures can block the entry of heated air into the building in the event of a fire, improving fire prevention performance.

[0159] In the above embodiments, the first to third thermal expansion materials constituting the thermal expansion member are strip-shaped, but this is not limited thereto. They may be continuous in the longitudinal direction in a shape corresponding to the opening or vent, or may be installed intermittently. For example, rectangular parallelepiped-shaped materials may be arranged in a line to match the position of the opening or vent, or other shapes and sizes may be used as long as they do not obstruct ventilation before expansion.

[0160] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, the thermal expansion member is not limited to any material as long as it foams and expands in response to heat, and examples of such materials include carbon graphite, olefin-based resin, thermally expandable graphite, and acrylic-based resin.

[0161] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, the thermal expansion member expands in response to heat above a predetermined temperature (150°C), but in order to provide appropriate fire resistance, it is sufficient for the thermal expansion member to expand between 100°C and 900°C.

[0162] Furthermore, in the above-described embodiments, the first to third thermal expansion materials constituting the thermal expansion member are arranged at specific positions, but this is not limiting. For example, the first and third thermal expansion materials may be arranged at positions above the bottom surface without contacting the bottom surface. Such positions also include the vicinity of the connection point between the inner surface of the first wall surface and the bottom surface and the vicinity of the connection point between the inner surface of the second wall surface and the bottom surface. The first and third thermal expansion materials may also be arranged on the lower surface of the lower air passage forming portion. Furthermore, the second thermal expansion material may be arranged so as to contact both the upper surface of the upper air passage forming portion and the first wall surface, as long as it does not block the upper air vent before expansion. Furthermore, the third thermal expansion material may be attached at a position other than the position facing the first thermal expansion material, as long as it is different from the first thermal expansion material.

[0163] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, the thermal expansion member is composed of three thermal expansion materials: a first thermal expansion material, a second thermal expansion material, and a third thermal expansion material. However, this is not limited to this, and other numbers may be used. For example, when composed of only the first thermal expansion material, a minimum level of fire resistance is achieved. Furthermore, when composed of the first and second thermal expansion materials, heated air can be blocked in two stages with a minimum number of thermal expansion materials, which is cost-effective. In addition, when composed of the first, second, third, and intermediate thermal expansion materials, heated air can be blocked more reliably in three stages, further improving fire resistance. Furthermore, the number of thermal expansion materials may be increased as long as breathability is not lost.

[0164] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, the frame members and ventilation members were formed by pressing steel plates, but they may also be formed by pressing other metal plates, or may be formed from other materials.

[0165] Furthermore, in each of the above-described embodiments, the thickness of the frame member and the ventilation member is not particularly limited, and various thicknesses can be accommodated.

[0166] Furthermore, in each of the above-described embodiments, the dimensional relationship between the frame member and the ventilation member is not particularly limited.

[0167] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, the first wall surface portion is located on the outdoor side and the second wall surface portion is located on the indoor side, but their positions may be reversed.

[0168] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, the openings in the frame member are formed in a specific shape and at specific intervals, but they may also be formed in other shapes, sizes, or intervals, such as round.

[0169] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, the bottom surface of the frame member is connected to the first wall surface via an outer piece, but this is not limited to this and it may be connected directly to the first wall surface.

[0170] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, the bottom surface portion of the frame member is connected to the lower end of the second wall surface portion, but it may also be connected to the inner surface slightly above the lower end, as long as it is on the lower end side.

[0171] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, the outer piece of the frame member is connected to the lower end of the first wall portion, but it may be connected to any of the outer surfaces of the first wall portion, from the lower end to the upper end.

[0172] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, the outer piece of the frame member is folded over and connected to the lower end of the first wall portion and the bottom portion, but it is also possible to attach something like a single plate that is not folded over.

[0173] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, the frame member has an outer piece, but the outer piece may be omitted.

[0174] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, the ventilation member has a specific shape, but it may have any other shape as long as it is placed within the ventilation space of the frame member and has a lower ventilation port and an upper ventilation port.

[0175] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, specific portions of the ventilation member abut the first wall surface portion and the second wall surface portion of the frame member, but they may not abut.

[0176] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, the shape and size of each ventilation hole in the ventilation member are specific, but this is not limited to this and other shapes and sizes such as round, cut-out holes, etc. may also be used.

[0177] Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, each ventilation opening of the ventilation member is formed at a specific position, but this is not limited to this, and each ventilation opening may be provided at any position of the corresponding ventilation path forming portion (lower ventilation path forming portion, intermediate ventilation path forming portion, first intermediate ventilation path forming portion, second intermediate ventilation path forming portion and upper ventilation path forming portion).

[0178] Furthermore, in the first to sixth embodiments, the ventilation member has a specific shape of attachment portion, but it may have other shapes. Also, it may have no attachment portion and be attached directly to the frame member by welding or the like.

[0179] Furthermore, in each of the above-described embodiments, the ventilation device is installed in the eaves soffit to form an eaves soffit ventilation structure, but it may be installed in another part of the house. [Explanation of symbols]

[0180] 1, 71, 111, 151, 191, 221, 251, 281, 311, 341, 381...Ventilation equipment 3, 73, 113, 153, 193, 223, 253, 283, 313, 343, 383...Frame members 4, 74, 114, 154, 194, 224, 254, 284, 314, 344, 384...Ventilation components 5, 75, 115, 155, 195, 225, 255, 285, 315, 345, 385...Thermal expansion material 7, 57, 67, 77, 117, 157, 197, 227, 257, 287, 317, 347, 387...Eaves ventilation structure 10, 80, 120, 160, 200, 230, 260, 290, 320, 350, 390...First wall section 11...Outer piece 12, 82, 122, 162, 202, 232, 262, 292, 322, 352, 392...bottom part 13, 163, 203, 233, 263, 293, 323, 353, 393...Second wall section 17, 87, 127, 167, 207, 237, 267, 297, 327, 357, 397...Aperture 18...Ventilation space 20, 90, 130, 170, 210, 240, 270, 300, 330, 360, 400...Lower ventilation passage forming section 21, 171, 211, 241, 271...Intermediate ventilation passage forming section 22, 92, 132, 172, 212, 242, 272, 302, 332, 366, 406...Upper ventilation passage forming section 23, 93, 133, 173, 213, 243, 273, 303, 333, 367, 407...Downward vents 24, 174, 214, 244, 274...Intermediate vent 25, 95, 135, 175, 215, 245, 275, 305, 335, 370, 410...upper vent 31, 101, 141, 181, 217, 247, 277, 307, 337, 377, 417...first thermal expansion material 32, 102, 142, 182, 218, 248, 278, 308, 338, 378, 418...Second thermal expansion material 33, 103, 143, 219, 249, 279, 309, 339, 379, 419...Third thermal expansion material 47…Exterior wall material 48...Gable base material 183…Intermediate thermal expansion material In addition, the same reference numerals in each drawing indicate the same or corresponding parts.

Claims

1. A soffit ventilation structure installed between the gable base material and the exterior wall material, a frame member including a first wall portion extending vertically along the indoor surface of the gable base material, a second wall portion extending vertically along the outdoor surface of the exterior wall material opposite the first wall portion, and a bottom portion connected to the lower end sides of each of the first wall portion and the second wall portion, and having a plurality of openings formed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction; a ventilation member having a ventilation function, the ventilation member being arranged in a ventilation space defined by the inner surface of the first wall surface portion and the inner surface of the second wall surface portion, the ventilation member extending from the first wall surface portion toward the second wall surface portion at positions spaced apart in the vertical direction above the bottom surface portion to form an air passage, a lower air passage forming portion and an upper air passage forming portion forming an air passage, a lower air vent provided in the lower air passage forming portion to allow ventilation in the vertical direction, and an upper air vent provided in the upper air passage forming portion to allow ventilation in the vertical direction; A eaves ventilation structure comprising thermal expansion members including at least a first thermal expansion material attached to the frame member or the ventilation member in the space between the bottom surface portion and the lower air passage forming portion, and which expands in response to heat to block the opening and the lower air vent, and a second thermal expansion material attached to the frame member or the ventilation member above the upper air passage forming portion, and which expands in response to heat to block the upper air vent.

2. The eaves ventilation structure of claim 1, wherein the thermal expansion member is attached to the frame member or the ventilation member at a position different from the first thermal expansion member in the space between the bottom surface portion and the lower air passage forming portion, and further includes a third thermal expansion member that expands in response to heat to block at least one of the opening and the lower air vent.

3. The eaves ventilation structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first thermal expansion material is attached to the inner surface of the first wall portion near a connection point with the bottom portion.

4. The eaves ventilation structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second thermal expansion material is attached to the inner surface of the first wall portion in the vicinity of the ventilation member.

5. The eaves ventilation structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second thermal expansion material is attached to an upper surface of the upper air passage forming portion.

6. The eaves ventilation structure of claim 2, wherein the first thermal expansion material is attached near the connection point with the bottom surface portion on the inner surface of the first wall surface portion, and the third thermal expansion material is attached at a position opposite the first thermal expansion material on the inner surface of the second wall surface portion.

7. The eaves ventilation structure of claim 1, wherein the thermal expansion member is attached to the frame member or the ventilation member in the space between the lower air passage forming portion and the upper air passage forming portion, and further includes an intermediate thermal expansion material that expands in response to heat to form an insulating layer in the space between the lower air passage forming portion and the upper air passage forming portion.

8. The eaves ventilation structure according to claim 1, wherein the frame member is connected to the outer surface of the first wall portion, extends horizontally toward the outdoors, and has an outer piece that covers the underside of the gable base material.

9. the ventilation member further includes an intermediate air passage forming portion that extends obliquely upward from the second wall surface portion toward the first wall surface portion between the lower air passage forming portion and the upper air passage forming portion, and that is connected to each of the lower air passage forming portion and the upper air passage forming portion; The intermediate ventilation passage forming portion is provided with an intermediate ventilation port that allows ventilation in the vertical direction, The eaves ventilation structure of claim 1, wherein the lower air vent is located closer to the first wall surface than the middle position of the lower air passage forming portion when viewed in the vertical direction, the intermediate air vent is located closer to the second wall surface than the middle position of the intermediate air passage forming portion when viewed in the vertical direction, and the upper air vent is located closer to the first wall surface than the middle position of the upper air passage forming portion when viewed in the vertical direction.

10. The eaves ventilation structure of claim 9, wherein the first thermal expansion material is attached near the connection point with the bottom surface portion on the inner surface of the first wall surface portion, and the second thermal expansion material is attached near the ventilation member on the inner surface of the first wall surface portion.

11. A ventilation device used for natural ventilation of a house, a frame member including a first surface portion and a second surface portion extending opposite to each other, and a connection portion connected to one end side of each of the first surface portion and the second surface portion, the connection portion having a plurality of openings formed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction; a ventilation member having a ventilation function, the ventilation member having a first air passage forming portion and a second air passage forming portion that are arranged in a ventilation space defined by the inner surface of the first surface portion and the inner surface of the second surface portion, and that extend from the first surface portion toward the second surface portion at a position spaced apart from the connection portion and form an air passage, a first air vent that is provided in the first air passage forming portion and allows ventilation between the connection portion side and the second air passage forming portion side, and a second air vent that is provided in the second air passage forming portion and allows ventilation between the first air passage forming portion side and the indoor side; A ventilation device comprising a thermal expansion member including at least a first thermal expansion material attached to the frame member or the ventilation member in the space between the connection portion and the first air passage forming portion, and expanding in response to heat to block the opening and the first air vent, and a second thermal expansion material attached to the frame member or the ventilation member on the indoor side of the second air passage forming portion, and expanding in response to heat to block the second air vent.

12. The ventilation device described in claim 11, wherein the thermal expansion member is attached to the frame member or the ventilation member at a position different from the first thermal expansion member in the space between the connection portion and the first air passage forming portion, and further includes a third thermal expansion member that expands in response to heat to block at least one of the opening and the first air vent.

13. The ventilation device of claim 11, wherein the thermal expansion member is attached to the frame member or the ventilation member in the space between the first air passage forming portion and the second air passage forming portion, and further includes an intermediate thermal expansion material that expands in response to heat to form an insulating layer in the space between the first air passage forming portion and the second air passage forming portion.

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