Transmission

Abstract

To miniaturize a transmission of an outboard motor.SOLUTION: The transmission includes a first shaft as an input shaft to which power is input, and a second shaft as an output shaft disposed coaxially with the first shaft, the power being transmitted from the first shaft, A first parallel-axis gear pair including a third shaft that transmits power to the second shaft, a fourth shaft to which power is transmitted from the first shaft and which transmits power to the third shaft, and a first gear provided on the first shaft, a second parallel-axis gear pair including a third gear provided on the third shaft and a fourth gear provided on the second shaft and meshing with the first gear, a fifth gear provided on the fourth shaft and meshing with the third gear, a sixth gear provided on the fourth shaft and meshing with the fifth gear, a first clutch that can connect and disconnect the first gear and the third shaft, and a second clutch that can connect and disconnect the second shaft and the third shaft; And a third interrupting device capable of interrupting connection between the fourth shaft and one of the fifth gear and the sixth gear.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a transmission. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a transmission for an outboard motor. The transmission has longitudinally long forward and reverse shafts arranged in parallel, with a forward gear, a forward clutch that connects and disconnects power transmission to the forward gear, and a reverse intermediate gear arranged on the forward shaft, and a reverse gear and a reverse clutch that connects and disconnects power transmission to the reverse gear arranged on the reverse shaft, with power from the input shaft via the forward shaft being transmitted to the output shaft via the forward gear as forward output, and power from the input shaft via the reverse shaft being transmitted to the output shaft via the reverse gear and reverse intermediate gear. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2018-30458 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] The above-mentioned technology aims to simplify and downsize the transmission, which includes a mechanism for switching the rotational output of the propeller between forward and reverse. However, there is a demand for further downsizing of the transmission for outboard motors.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of these technical problems, and has as its object to reduce the size of an outboard motor transmission. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, a transmission includes a first shaft as an input shaft to which power is input, a second shaft as an output shaft arranged coaxially with the first shaft, a third shaft to which the power is transmitted from the first shaft and which transmits the power to the second shaft, a fourth shaft to which the power is transmitted from the first shaft and which transmits the power to the third shaft, a first parallel shaft gear pair having a first gear provided on the first shaft and a second gear provided on the third shaft and meshing with the first gear, a second parallel shaft gear pair having a third gear provided on the third shaft and a fourth gear provided on the second shaft and meshing with the third gear, a fifth gear provided on the fourth shaft and meshing with the first gear, and a fourth gear provided on the fourth shaft and meshing with the third gear. a sixth gear, a first connecting / disconnecting device capable of connecting and disconnecting the second gear and the third shaft, a second connecting / disconnecting device capable of connecting and disconnecting the first shaft and the second shaft, and a third connecting / disconnecting device capable of connecting and disconnecting either the fifth gear or the sixth gear and the fourth shaft, wherein by connecting the first connecting / disconnecting device and disconnecting the second connecting / disconnecting device and the third connecting / disconnecting device, a second speed state is achieved in which the output rotation speed is higher than the input rotation speed, by connecting the second connecting / disconnecting device and disconnecting the first connecting / disconnecting device and the third connecting / disconnecting device, a first speed state is achieved in which the output rotation speed is equal to the input rotation speed, and by connecting the third connecting / disconnecting device and disconnecting the first connecting / disconnecting device and the second connecting / disconnecting device, a reverse state is achieved in which the output rotation direction is opposite to the input rotation direction. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] In the above embodiment, two gears and one interrupter can be arranged on the axis of each shaft, so the axial length of the transmission can be shortened, thereby making it possible to reduce the size of the transmission. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a skeleton diagram of a transmission according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a skeleton diagram of a transmission according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a skeleton diagram of a transmission according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a skeleton diagram of a transmission according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] First Embodiment A transmission 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to Figure 1. Note that in this specification, the same elements are designated by the same reference numerals throughout.

[0010] FIG. 1 is a skeleton diagram of a transmission 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

[0011] The transmission 100 is provided in a power transmission path from the engine 1 to the propeller 2 in the outboard motor.

[0012] As shown in FIG. 1 , the transmission 100 includes a first shaft 11 as an input shaft, a second shaft 12 as an output shaft arranged coaxially with the first shaft 11, a third shaft 13 to which power is transmitted from the first shaft 11 and transmitted to the second shaft 12, a fourth shaft 14 to which power is transmitted from the first shaft 11 and transmitted to the third shaft 13, a first gear 21 provided on the first shaft 11, a second gear 22 provided on the third shaft 13, a third gear 23 provided on the third shaft 13, and a fourth gear 24 provided on the second shaft 12. The transmission includes a fifth gear 25 provided on the fourth shaft 14, a sixth gear 26 provided on the fourth shaft 14, a first clutch 61 as a first connecting / disconnecting device capable of connecting and disconnecting (disconnecting / connecting) the second gear 22 and the third shaft 13 (capable of switching between a "disconnected" state in which power is not transmitted and a "connected" state in which power is transmitted), a second clutch 62 as a second connecting / disconnecting device capable of connecting and disconnecting the first shaft 11 and the second shaft 12, and a third clutch 63 as a third connecting / disconnecting device capable of connecting and disconnecting the sixth gear 26 and the fourth shaft 14. The first shaft 11 (second shaft 12), the third shaft 13, and the fourth shaft 14 are arranged parallel to one another.

[0013] The first shaft 11 is connected to the engine 1. Power (input rotation) is transmitted from the engine 1 to the first shaft 11.

[0014] The first gear 21 is provided at the end of the first shaft 11 on the second shaft 12 side (propeller 2 side).

[0015] The first shaft 11 is supported by a first tapered roller 31 provided in a transmission case (not shown) and a first needle bearing 41 provided on the second shaft 12 so as to be rotatable about its axis.

[0016] The first shaft 11 and the first gear 21 rotate together.

[0017] The first tapered roller 31 is located on the engine 1 side of the first gear 21 and is adapted to receive the thrust force acting on the first gear 21 toward the engine 1 side.

[0018] The first needle bearing 41 is located at the end of the second shaft 12 on the first shaft 11 side (engine 1 side). The first needle bearing 41 is fitted into a recess 21a formed in the surface of the first gear 21 on the second shaft 12 side, and the second shaft 12 is inserted into the inner circumferential side of the first needle bearing 41.

[0019] In this embodiment, the direction of input rotation when viewing the engine 1 from the propeller 2 side is counterclockwise, as indicated by the arrow. Therefore, it is preferable that the first gear 21 be a left-handed helical gear, as shown in FIG. 1 . This allows thrust force toward the engine 1 to be stably applied to the first gear 21. As a result, thrust force applied to the first needle bearing 41 can be suppressed, thereby improving the durability of the first needle bearing 41.

[0020] Conversely, if the input rotation direction when viewing the engine 1 from the propeller 2 side is clockwise, the first gear 21 is preferably a right-hand helical gear. Note that the first gear 21 may also be, for example, a spur gear.

[0021] The second shaft 12 is connected to the propeller 2. Power (output rotation) is transmitted from the second shaft 12 to the propeller 2.

[0022] The second shaft 12 is supported rotatably about its axis by a second tapered roller 32 provided on the transmission case and a third tapered roller 33 provided on the transmission case.

[0023] The second shaft 12 and the fourth gear 24 rotate together.

[0024] The second tapered roller 32 is located on the engine 1 side of the fourth gear 24 and is adapted to receive the thrust force acting on the fourth gear 24 toward the engine 1 side.

[0025] The third tapered roller 33 is located on the propeller 2 side of the fourth gear 24 and is adapted to receive the thrust force acting on the fourth gear 24 toward the propeller 2 side.

[0026] The third shaft 13 is supported rotatably about its axis by a fourth tapered roller 34 provided on the transmission case and a fifth tapered roller 35 provided on the transmission case.

[0027] The second gear 22 is provided on the third shaft 13 so as to mesh with the first gear 21. The first gear 21 and the second gear 22 form a first parallel shaft gear pair 51.

[0028] The second gear 22 is supported by the third shaft 13 via a second needle bearing 42. This allows the second gear 22 to rotate relative to the third shaft 13.

[0029] The third gear 23 is provided on the third shaft 13 so as to mesh with the fourth gear 24. The third gear 23 and the fourth gear 24 form a second parallel axis gear pair 52.

[0030] The third shaft 13 and the third gear 23 rotate together.

[0031] The fourth tapered roller 34 is located on the engine 1 side of the second gear 22 and is adapted to receive the thrust force acting on the second gear 22 toward the engine 1 side.

[0032] The fifth tapered roller 35 is located on the propeller 2 side of the third gear 23 and is adapted to receive the thrust force acting on the third gear 23 toward the propeller 2 side.

[0033] The fourth shaft 14 is supported rotatably about its axis by a sixth tapered roller 36 provided on the transmission case and a seventh tapered roller 37 provided on the transmission case.

[0034] The fifth gear 25 is provided on the fourth shaft 14 so as to mesh with the first gear 21 .

[0035] The fourth shaft 14 and the fifth gear 25 rotate together.

[0036] The sixth gear 26 is provided on the fourth shaft 14 so as to mesh with the third gear 23 .

[0037] The sixth gear 26 is supported on the fourth shaft 14 via a third needle bearing 43. This allows the sixth gear 26 to rotate relative to the fourth shaft 14.

[0038] The sixth tapered roller 36 is located on the engine 1 side of the fifth gear 25, and is adapted to receive the thrust force acting on the fifth gear 25 toward the engine 1 side.

[0039] The seventh tapered roller 37 is located on the propeller 2 side of the sixth gear 26, and is adapted to receive the thrust force acting on the sixth gear 26 toward the propeller 2 side.

[0040] The first clutch 61 is a hydraulic multi-plate clutch in which multiple friction plates are arranged between a drum 61a and a hub 61b. The first clutch 61 may be an electric clutch, or any other general clutch mechanism may be used as appropriate.

[0041] The first clutch 61 is disposed between the second gear 22 and the third gear 23 .

[0042] The drum 61a is fixed to the third shaft 13. The hub 61b is fixed to the second gear 22. The positions of the drum 61a and the hub 61b may be reversed so that the drum 61a is fixed to the second gear 22 and the hub 61b is fixed to the third shaft 13.

[0043] When the first clutch 61 is engaged, the second gear 22 and the third shaft 13 rotate together. When the first clutch 61 is disengaged, the second gear 22 and the third shaft 13 are allowed to rotate relative to each other.

[0044] The second clutch 62 is a hydraulic multi-plate clutch in which multiple friction plates are arranged between a drum 62a and a hub 62b. The second clutch 62 may be an electric clutch, or any other general clutch mechanism may be used as appropriate.

[0045] The second clutch 62 is disposed between the first gear 21 and the fourth gear 24 .

[0046] The drum 62a is fixed to the first gear 21. The hub 62b is fixed to the second shaft 12. The positions of the drum 62a and the hub 62b may be reversed so that the drum 62a is fixed to the second shaft 12 and the hub 62b is fixed to the first gear 21.

[0047] When the second clutch 62 is engaged, the first shaft 11 and the second shaft 12 rotate together. When the second clutch 62 is disengaged, the first shaft 11 and the second shaft 12 are allowed to rotate relative to each other.

[0048] The third clutch 63 is a hydraulic multi-plate clutch in which multiple friction plates are arranged between a drum 63a and a hub 63b. The third clutch 63 may be an electric clutch, or any other general clutch mechanism may be used as appropriate.

[0049] The third clutch 63 is disposed between the fifth gear 25 and the sixth gear 26 .

[0050] The drum 63a is fixed to the fourth shaft 14. The hub 63b is fixed to the sixth gear 26. The positions of the drum 63a and the hub 63b may be reversed so that the drum 63a is fixed to the sixth gear 26 and the hub 63b is fixed to the fourth shaft 14.

[0051] When the third clutch 63 is engaged, the sixth gear 26 and the fourth shaft 14 rotate integrally. When the third clutch 63 is disengaged, the sixth gear 26 and the fourth shaft 14 are able to rotate relative to each other.

[0052] The transmission 100 configured as described above is capable of switching between two forward speeds (first and second speeds), one reverse speed (reverse), and neutral.

[0053] Specifically, transmission 100 achieves a second speed state in which the output rotation speed is higher than the input rotation speed by engaging first clutch 61 and disengaging second clutch 62 and third clutch 63.

[0054] Furthermore, transmission 100 achieves a first speed state in which the output rotation speed is equal to the input rotation speed by connecting second clutch 62 and disconnecting first clutch 61 and third clutch 63.

[0055] Furthermore, transmission 100 achieves a reverse state in which the output rotation direction is opposite to the input rotation direction by connecting third clutch 63 and disconnecting first clutch 61 and second clutch 62.

[0056] Furthermore, the transmission 100 is placed in a neutral state by disengaging the first clutch 61, the second clutch 62, and the third clutch 63.

[0057] Conventionally, a known outboard motor transmission has four gears and two disconnecting devices arranged in series. In contrast, the transmission 100 of this embodiment can arrange two gears and one clutch on each axis of the shafts (the axes of the first shaft 11 and the second shaft 12, the axis of the third shaft 13, and the axis of the fourth shaft 14), thereby shortening the axial length of the transmission 100. This allows the transmission 100 to be made more compact.

[0058] Second Embodiment A transmission 200 according to a second embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIG.

[0059] FIG. 2 is a skeleton diagram of a transmission 200 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] The transmission 200 differs from the transmission 100 according to the first embodiment in the configurations of the fifth gear 225, the sixth gear 226, and the third clutch 263, but the other configurations are the same as those of the transmission 100. Therefore, the following will describe the differences from the transmission 100, and will not describe the other configurations.

[0061] 2, the fifth gear 225 is supported on the fourth shaft via a third needle bearing 243. This allows the fifth gear 225 to rotate relative to the fourth shaft .

[0062] The fourth shaft 14 and the sixth gear 226 rotate together.

[0063] The third clutch 263 is disposed between the fifth gear 225 and the sixth gear 226 .

[0064] The drum 263a is fixed to the fourth shaft 14. The hub 263b is fixed to the fifth gear 225. The positions of the drum 263a and the hub 263b may be reversed so that the drum 263a is fixed to the fifth gear 225 and the hub 263b is fixed to the fourth shaft 14.

[0065] When the third clutch 263 is engaged, the fifth gear 225 and the fourth shaft 14 rotate integrally. When the third clutch 263 is disengaged, the fifth gear 225 and the fourth shaft 14 are able to rotate relative to each other.

[0066] According to the transmission 200 configured as above, the same effects as those of the transmission 100 can be obtained.

[0067] <Third embodiment> A transmission 300 according to a third embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIG.

[0068] FIG. 3 is a skeleton diagram of a transmission 300 according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] As shown in FIG. 3 , the transmission 300 includes a first shaft 11 as an input shaft, a second shaft 12 as an output shaft arranged coaxially with the first shaft 11, a third shaft 13 to which power is transmitted from the first shaft 11 and transmitted to the second shaft 12, a fourth shaft 14 to which power is transmitted from the third shaft 13 and transmitted to the second shaft 12, a first gear 321 provided on the first shaft 11, a second gear 322 provided on the third shaft 13, a third gear 323 provided on the third shaft 13, and a fourth gear 324 provided on the fourth shaft 14. The transmission includes a fourth gear 324 provided on the second shaft 12, a fifth gear 325 provided on the fourth shaft 14, a sixth gear 326 provided on the fourth shaft 14, a first clutch 361 as a first connecting / disconnecting device capable of connecting / disconnecting (connecting / disconnecting) the third gear 323 and the third shaft 13, a second clutch 62 as a second connecting / disconnecting device capable of connecting / disconnecting the first shaft 11 and the second shaft 12, and a third clutch 363 as a third connecting / disconnecting device capable of connecting / disconnecting the fifth gear 325 and the fourth shaft 14. The first shaft 11 (second shaft 12), the third shaft 13, and the fourth shaft 14 are arranged parallel to one another.

[0070] The first shaft 11 is connected to the engine 1. Power (input rotation) is transmitted from the engine 1 to the first shaft 11.

[0071] The first gear 321 is provided at the end of the first shaft 11 on the second shaft 12 side (propeller 2 side).

[0072] The first shaft 11 is supported by a first tapered roller 31 provided in a transmission case (not shown) and a first needle bearing 41 provided on the second shaft 12 so as to be rotatable about its axis.

[0073] The first shaft 11 and the first gear 321 rotate together.

[0074] The first tapered roller 31 is located on the engine 1 side of the first gear 321, and is adapted to receive the thrust force acting on the first gear 321 toward the engine 1 side.

[0075] The first needle bearing 41 is located at the end of the second shaft 12 on the first shaft 11 side (engine 1 side). The first needle bearing 41 is fitted into a recess 321a formed in the surface of the first gear 321 on the second shaft 12 side, and the second shaft 12 is inserted into the inner circumferential side of the first needle bearing 41.

[0076] In this embodiment, the direction of input rotation when viewing the engine 1 from the propeller 2 side is counterclockwise. Therefore, it is preferable that the first gear 321 is a left-handed helical gear. This allows thrust force toward the engine 1 side to be stably applied to the first gear 321. As a result, thrust force applied to the first needle bearing 41 can be suppressed, thereby improving the durability of the first needle bearing 41.

[0077] Conversely, if the input rotation direction when viewing the engine 1 from the propeller 2 side is clockwise, the first gear 321 is preferably a right-hand helical gear. Note that the first gear 321 may also be, for example, a spur gear.

[0078] The second shaft 12 is connected to the propeller 2. Power (output rotation) is transmitted from the second shaft 12 to the propeller 2.

[0079] The second shaft 12 is supported rotatably about its axis by a second tapered roller 32 provided on the transmission case and a third tapered roller 33 provided on the transmission case.

[0080] The second shaft 12 and the fourth gear 324 rotate together.

[0081] The second tapered roller 32 is located on the engine 1 side of the fourth gear 324 and is adapted to receive the thrust force acting on the fourth gear 324 toward the engine 1 side.

[0082] The third tapered roller 33 is located on the propeller 2 side of the fourth gear 324 and is adapted to receive the thrust force acting on the fourth gear 324 toward the propeller 2 side.

[0083] The third shaft 13 is supported rotatably about its axis by a fourth tapered roller 34 provided on the transmission case and a fifth tapered roller 35 provided on the transmission case.

[0084] The second gear 322 is provided on the third shaft 13 so as to mesh with the first gear 321. The first gear 321 and the second gear 322 form a first parallel axis gear pair 351.

[0085] The third shaft 13 and the second gear 322 rotate together.

[0086] The third gear 323 is supported by the third shaft 13 via a second needle bearing 342. This allows the third gear 323 to rotate relative to the third shaft 13.

[0087] The third gear 323 is provided on the third shaft 13 so as to mesh with the fourth gear 324. The third gear 323 and the fourth gear 324 form a second parallel axis gear pair 352.

[0088] The fourth tapered roller 34 is located on the engine 1 side of the second gear 322, and is adapted to receive the thrust force acting on the second gear 322 toward the engine 1 side.

[0089] The fifth tapered roller 35 is located on the propeller 2 side of the third gear 323, and is adapted to receive the thrust force acting on the third gear 323 toward the propeller 2 side.

[0090] The fourth shaft 14 is supported rotatably about its axis by a sixth tapered roller 36 provided on the transmission case and a seventh tapered roller 37 provided on the transmission case.

[0091] The fifth gear 325 is provided on the fourth shaft 14 so as to mesh with the second gear 322 .

[0092] The fifth gear 325 is supported on the fourth shaft via a third needle bearing 343. This allows the fifth gear 325 to rotate relative to the fourth shaft .

[0093] The sixth gear 326 is provided on the fourth shaft 14 so as to mesh with the fourth gear 324 .

[0094] The fourth shaft 14 and the sixth gear 326 rotate together.

[0095] The sixth tapered roller 36 is located on the engine 1 side of the fifth gear 325, and is adapted to receive the thrust force acting on the fifth gear 325 toward the engine 1 side.

[0096] The seventh tapered roller 37 is located on the propeller 2 side of the sixth gear 326, and is adapted to receive the thrust force acting on the sixth gear 326 toward the propeller 2 side.

[0097] The transmission 300 is set so that the total number of teeth of the second gear 322 provided on the third shaft 13 and the fifth gear 325 provided on the fourth shaft 14 is four or more teeth greater than the total number of teeth of the third gear 323 provided on the third shaft 13 and the sixth gear 326 provided on the fourth shaft 14.

[0098] This makes it possible to prevent interference between the tooth tips of the third gear 323 provided on the third shaft 13 and the sixth gear 326 provided on the fourth shaft 14.

[0099] In addition, the transmission 300 is set so that the sum of the number of teeth of the fourth gear 324 provided on the second shaft 12 and the number of teeth of the sixth gear 326 provided on the fourth shaft 14 is four or more teeth greater than the sum of the number of teeth of the first gear 321 provided on the first shaft 11 and the number of teeth of the fifth gear 325 provided on the fourth shaft 14.

[0100] This makes it possible to prevent the tooth tips of the first gear 321 provided on the first shaft 11 and the fifth gear 325 provided on the fourth shaft 14 from interfering with each other.

[0101] The first clutch 361 is a hydraulic multi-plate clutch in which multiple friction plates are arranged between a drum 361a and a hub 361b. The first clutch 361 may be an electric clutch, or any other general clutch mechanism may be used as appropriate.

[0102] The first clutch 361 is disposed between the second gear 322 and the third gear 323 .

[0103] The drum 361a is fixed to the third shaft 13. The hub 361b is fixed to the third gear 323. The positions of the drum 361a and the hub 361b may be reversed so that the drum 361a is fixed to the third gear 323 and the hub 361b is fixed to the third shaft 13.

[0104] When the first clutch 361 is engaged, the third gear 323 and the third shaft 13 rotate integrally. When the first clutch 361 is disengaged, the third gear 323 and the third shaft 13 are capable of relative rotation.

[0105] The second clutch 62 is a hydraulic multi-plate clutch in which multiple friction plates are arranged between a drum 62a and a hub 62b. The second clutch 62 may be an electric clutch, or any other general clutch mechanism may be used as appropriate.

[0106] The second clutch 62 is disposed between the first gear 321 and the fourth gear 324 .

[0107] The drum 62a is fixed to the first gear 321. The hub 62b is fixed to the second shaft 12. The positions of the drum 62a and the hub 62b may be reversed so that the drum 62a is fixed to the second shaft 12 and the hub 62b is fixed to the first gear 321.

[0108] When the second clutch 62 is engaged, the first shaft 11 and the second shaft 12 rotate together. When the second clutch 62 is disengaged, the first shaft 11 and the second shaft 12 are allowed to rotate relative to each other.

[0109] The third clutch 363 is a hydraulic multi-plate clutch in which multiple friction plates are arranged between a drum 363a and a hub 363b. The third clutch 363 may be an electric clutch, or any other general clutch mechanism may be used as appropriate.

[0110] The third clutch 363 is disposed between the fifth gear 325 and the sixth gear 326 .

[0111] The drum 363a is fixed to the fourth shaft 14. The hub 363b is fixed to the fifth gear 325. The positions of the drum 363a and the hub 363b may be reversed so that the drum 363a is fixed to the fifth gear 325 and the hub 363b is fixed to the fourth shaft 14.

[0112] When the third clutch 363 is engaged, the fifth gear 325 and the fourth shaft 14 rotate integrally. When the third clutch 363 is disengaged, the fifth gear 325 and the fourth shaft 14 are able to rotate relative to each other.

[0113] The transmission 300 configured as described above is capable of switching between two forward speeds (first and second speeds), one reverse speed (reverse), and neutral.

[0114] Specifically, transmission 300 connects first clutch 361 and disconnects second clutch 62 and third clutch 363, thereby achieving a first speed state in which the output rotation speed is lower than the input rotation speed.

[0115] Furthermore, transmission 100 achieves a second speed state in which the output rotation speed is equal to the input rotation speed by connecting second clutch 62 and disconnecting first clutch 361 and third clutch 363.

[0116] Furthermore, transmission 100 achieves a reverse state in which the output rotation direction is opposite to the input rotation direction by connecting third clutch 363 and disconnecting first clutch 361 and second clutch 62.

[0117] Furthermore, the transmission 100 is placed in a neutral state by disengaging the first clutch 361, the second clutch 62, and the third clutch 363.

[0118] According to the transmission 300 configured as above, the same effects as those of the transmissions 100 and 200 can be obtained.

[0119] <Fourth embodiment> A transmission 400 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIG.

[0120] FIG. 4 is a skeleton diagram of a transmission 400 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0121] The transmission 400 differs from the transmission 300 according to the third embodiment in the configurations of the fifth gear 425, the sixth gear 426, and the third clutch 463, but the other configurations are the same as those of the transmission 300. Therefore, the following will describe the differences from the transmission 300, and will not describe the other configurations.

[0122] As shown in FIG. 4, the fourth shaft 14 and the fifth gear 425 rotate together.

[0123] The sixth gear 426 is supported on the fourth shaft via a third needle bearing 443. This allows the sixth gear 426 to rotate relative to the fourth shaft .

[0124] The third clutch 463 is disposed between the fifth gear 425 and the sixth gear 426 .

[0125] The drum 463a is fixed to the fourth shaft 14. The hub 463b is fixed to the sixth gear 426. The positions of the drum 463a and the hub 463b may be reversed so that the drum 463a is fixed to the sixth gear 426 and the hub 463b is fixed to the fourth shaft 14.

[0126] When the third clutch 463 is engaged, the sixth gear 426 and the fourth shaft 14 rotate integrally. When the third clutch 463 is disengaged, the sixth gear 426 and the fourth shaft 14 are able to rotate relative to each other.

[0127] According to the transmission 400 configured as above, the same effects as those of the transmissions 100, 200, and 300 can be obtained.

[0128] Below, we will explain the main effects of the transmission 100 related to the first embodiment of the present invention, the transmission 200 related to the second embodiment of the present invention, the transmission 300 related to the third embodiment of the present invention, and the transmission 400 related to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0129] (1) The transmission 100, 200 includes a first shaft 11 as an input shaft to which power is input, a second shaft 12 as an output shaft arranged coaxially with the first shaft 11, a third shaft 13 to which power is transmitted from the first shaft 11 and transmitted to the second shaft 12, a fourth shaft 14 to which power is transmitted from the first shaft 11 and transmitted to the third shaft 13, a first parallel shaft gear pair 51 including a first gear 21 provided on the first shaft 11 and a second gear 22 provided on the third shaft 13 and meshing with the first gear 21, a third gear 23 provided on the third shaft 13, and a fourth shaft 14 to which power is transmitted from the first shaft 11 and transmitted to the third shaft 13, the second parallel shaft gear pair 52 having a fourth gear 24 provided on the fourth shaft 14 and meshing with the third gear 23; fifth gears 25, 225 provided on the fourth shaft 14 and meshing with the first gear 21; sixth gears 26, 226 provided on the fourth shaft 14 and meshing with the third gear 23; a first clutch 61 capable of connecting and disconnecting the second gear 22 and the third shaft 13; a second clutch 62 capable of connecting and disconnecting the first shaft 11 and the second shaft 12; and third clutches 63, 263 capable of connecting and disconnecting either the fifth gears 25, 225 or the sixth gears 26, 226 and the fourth shaft 14. The transmissions 100, 200 enter a second gear state in which the output rotational speed is higher than the input rotational speed by engaging the first clutch 61 and disengaging the second clutch 62 and the third clutch 63, 263; they enter a first gear state in which the output rotational speed is equal to the input rotational speed by engaging the second clutch 62 and disengaging the first clutch 61 and the third clutch 63, 263; and they enter a reverse state in which the output rotational direction is opposite to the input rotational direction by engaging the third clutch 63, 263 and disengaging the first clutch 61 and the second clutch 62.

[0130] This allows two gears and one clutch to be arranged on each axis of the shafts (the axis of the first shaft 11 and the second shaft 12, the axis of the third shaft 13, and the axis of the fourth shaft 14), thereby shortening the axial length of the transmissions 100, 200. As a result, the transmissions 100, 200 can be made smaller.

[0131] (2) The transmissions 300 and 400 include a first shaft 11 as an input shaft to which power is input, a second shaft 12 as an output shaft arranged coaxially with the first shaft 11, a third shaft 13 to which power is transmitted from the first shaft 11 and transmitted to the second shaft 12, a fourth shaft 14 to which power is transmitted from the third shaft 13 and transmitted to the second shaft 12, a first gear 321 provided on the first shaft 11, and a second gear 322 provided on the third shaft 13. a first parallel shaft gear pair 351 having a second gear 322 meshing with the third gear 323 provided on the third shaft 13 and a fourth gear 324 provided on the second shaft 12 and meshing with the third gear 323; a second parallel shaft gear pair 352 having a fifth gear 325, 425 provided on the fourth shaft 14 and meshing with the second gear 322; and a sixth gear 326, 426 provided on the fourth shaft 14 and meshing with the fourth gear 324. 6, a first clutch 361 capable of connecting and disconnecting the third gear 323 and the third shaft 13, a second clutch 62 capable of connecting and disconnecting the first shaft 11 and the second shaft 12, and third clutches 363, 463 capable of connecting and disconnecting either the fifth gear 325, 425 or the sixth gear 326, 426 and the fourth shaft 14. By engaging the first clutch 361 and disengaging the second clutch 62 and the third clutches 363, 463, a first speed state is established in which the output rotation speed is lower than the input rotation speed. By engaging the second clutch 62 and disengaging the first clutch 361 and the third clutches 363, 463, a second speed state is established in which the output rotation speed is equal to the input rotation speed. By engaging the third clutches 363, 463 and disengaging the first clutch 361 and the second clutch 62, a reverse state is established in which the output rotation direction is opposite to the input rotation direction.

[0132] This allows two gears and one clutch to be arranged on each axis of the shafts (the axis of the first shaft 11 and the second shaft 12, the axis of the third shaft 13, and the axis of the fourth shaft 14), thereby shortening the axial length of the transmissions 300, 400. As a result, the transmissions 300, 400 can be made smaller.

[0133] (3) The total number of teeth of the second gear 322 and the fifth gears 325 and 425 is four or more teeth greater than the total number of teeth of the third gear 323 and the sixth gears 326 and 426.

[0134] This makes it possible to prevent interference between the tooth tips of the third gear 323 provided on the third shaft 13 and the sixth gears 326, 426 provided on the fourth shaft 14.

[0135] (4) The total number of teeth of the fourth gear 324 and the sixth gears 326 and 426 is four or more teeth greater than the total number of teeth of the first gear 321 and the fifth gears 325 and 425.

[0136] This makes it possible to prevent interference between the tooth tips of the first gear 321 provided on the first shaft 11 and the fifth gears 325, 425 provided on the fourth shaft 14.

[0137] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above embodiments merely illustrate some of the application examples of the present invention, and it is not intended that the technical scope of the present invention be limited to the specific configurations of the above embodiments. [Explanation of symbols]

[0138] 100 gears 200 gearbox 300 transmission 400 gearbox 11 1st axis 12 2nd axis 13 3rd axis 14 4th axis 21 First Gear 22 Second Gear 23 Third Gear 24 4th Gear 25 5th Gear 26 6th Gear 51 First parallel shaft gear pair 52 Second parallel shaft gear pair 61 First clutch (first disconnecting device) 62 Second clutch (second disconnecting device) 63 Third clutch (third disconnecting device) 225 5th Gear 226 6th Gear 263 Third clutch (third disconnecting device) 321 First Gear 322 2nd Gear 323 Third Gear 324 4th Gear 325 5th Gear 326 6th Gear 351 1st parallel shaft gear pair 352 Second parallel shaft gear pair 361 First clutch (first disconnecting device) 363 Third clutch (third disconnecting device) 425 5th Gear 426 6th Gear 463 Third clutch (third disconnecting device)

Claims

1. a first shaft as an input shaft to which power is input; a second shaft as an output shaft arranged coaxially with the first shaft; a third shaft to which the power is transmitted from the first shaft and which transmits the power to the second shaft; a fourth shaft to which the power is transmitted from the first shaft and which transmits the power to the third shaft; a first parallel axis gear pair including a first gear provided on the first shaft and a second gear provided on the third shaft and meshing with the first gear; a second parallel axis gear pair including a third gear provided on the third shaft and a fourth gear provided on the second shaft and meshing with the third gear; a fifth gear provided on the fourth shaft and meshing with the first gear; a sixth gear provided on the fourth shaft and meshing with the third gear; a first connecting / disconnecting device that can connect and disconnect the second gear and the third shaft; a second connecting / disconnecting device capable of connecting / disconnecting the first shaft and the second shaft; a third connecting / disconnecting device that can connect / disconnect either the fifth gear or the sixth gear to / from the fourth shaft; Equipped with By connecting the first connecting / disconnecting device and disconnecting the second connecting / disconnecting device and the third connecting / disconnecting device, a second speed state is established in which the output rotation speed is higher than the input rotation speed, By connecting the second connecting / disconnecting device and disconnecting the first connecting / disconnecting device and the third connecting / disconnecting device, a first speed state is established in which the output rotation speed is equal to the input rotation speed, By connecting the third connecting / disconnecting device and disconnecting the first connecting / disconnecting device and the second connecting / disconnecting device, a reverse state is established in which the output rotation direction is opposite to the input rotation direction. Transmission.

2. a first shaft as an input shaft to which power is input; a second shaft as an output shaft arranged coaxially with the first shaft; a third shaft to which the power is transmitted from the first shaft and which transmits the power to the second shaft; a fourth shaft to which the power is transmitted from the third shaft and which transmits the power to the second shaft; a first parallel axis gear pair including a first gear provided on the first shaft and a second gear provided on the third shaft and meshing with the first gear; a second parallel axis gear pair including a third gear provided on the third shaft and a fourth gear provided on the second shaft and meshing with the third gear; a fifth gear provided on the fourth shaft and meshing with the second gear; a sixth gear provided on the fourth shaft and meshing with the fourth gear; a first connecting / disconnecting device that can connect and disconnect the third gear and the third shaft; a second connecting / disconnecting device capable of connecting / disconnecting the first shaft and the second shaft; a third connecting / disconnecting device that can connect / disconnect either the fifth gear or the sixth gear to / from the fourth shaft; Equipped with By connecting the first connecting / disconnecting device and disconnecting the second connecting / disconnecting device and the third connecting / disconnecting device, a first speed state is established in which the output rotation speed is lower than the input rotation speed, By connecting the second connecting / disconnecting device and disconnecting the first connecting / disconnecting device and the third connecting / disconnecting device, a second speed state is established in which the output rotation speed is equal to the input rotation speed, By connecting the third connecting / disconnecting device and disconnecting the first connecting / disconnecting device and the second connecting / disconnecting device, a reverse state is established in which the output rotation direction is opposite to the input rotation direction. Transmission.

3. 3. The transmission according to claim 2, The total number of teeth of the second gear and the fifth gear is four or more teeth greater than the total number of teeth of the third gear and the sixth gear. Transmission.

4. 4. The transmission according to claim 2 or 3, The total number of teeth of the fourth gear and the sixth gear is four or more teeth greater than the total number of teeth of the first gear and the fifth gear. Transmission.

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