Mechanism for purifying ionic substances

Abstract

To provide an ionic substance purifying mechanism capable of removing ions by a simpler structure.SOLUTION: A conductive net-like body 2 to be positively charged and a conductive net-like body 3 to be negatively charged are loaded, a voltage is applied between the conductive net-like bodies, and an ionic substance of the same kind as the electricity charged by the conductive net-like bodies is electrically discharged. Since the ionic substance of the same kind as the electricity charged in the conductive net body is electrically rejected, the passage of the ionic substance can be prevented by the electron barrier of the conductive net body. The conductive net may be laminated.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a purification mechanism for ionic substances that can purify (reduce) ionic substances with a simpler structure. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, there has been a proposal for a method of treating boiler feed water (Patent Document 1). In other words, raw water contains hardness components and dissolved oxygen, and if raw water is used in a boiler as is, it will cause scale buildup and corrosion, so it must be softened and deaerated beforehand. Common water treatment methods include water softeners, which remove hardness components by passing water through a resin bed filled with ion exchange resin, and membrane degassing devices, which degas by passing water through one side of a gas-liquid separation membrane and creating a vacuum on the other side.These water softeners require periodic regeneration by passing salt water through them, and membrane degassing devices also require backwashing to prevent clogging, so they cannot be used continuously. Therefore, there has been a demand for a filter that can remove ions with a simpler structure. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] JP 8-42809 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a purification mechanism for ionic substances that can remove ionic substances with a simpler structure. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention takes the following technical measures. (1) The ionic substance purification mechanism of this invention is characterized by comprising a conductive mesh body that is positively charged and a conductive mesh body that is negatively charged, and applying a voltage between the conductive mesh bodies to electrically repel ionic substances of the same type as the electricity carried by the conductive mesh body.

[0006] Examples of the ionic substance include sodium ions, calcium ions, magnesium ions, chloride ions, ammonium ions, nitrate ions, and hydroxy ions. Examples of the conductive mesh (e.g., 160 mm × 160 mm × 9 μm thickness) include goose wire (e.g., wire diameter 9 μm / inter-wire width 5 μm) and wedge wire. Examples of the material for the conductive mesh include stainless steel (SUS) and titanium (Ti). The conductive mesh can be formed into a pleated (wavy) shape to increase its surface area. When the wire diameter of the warp and weft threads is 9 μm and the inter-wire width is 5 μm, the porosity (the ratio of gaps through which ionic substances pass relative to the sheet area) is 36%.

[0007] In the definition of the terms of this invention, the term "net-like body" broadly means having holes and slits, and it does not matter whether the holes (mesh) have a warp / weft structure. The purification mechanism for ionic substances in liquids (such as wastewater containing sodium ions or chloride ions) and gases (such as exhaust gas containing ammonium ions or nitrate ions, or moisture) involves stacking positively charged and negatively charged conductive mesh bodies, and applying a voltage between the conductive mesh bodies, which creates an electronic barrier (electric field, electric field, resistance force) around each conductive mesh body (physical barrier).

[0008] Furthermore, the conductive mesh is designed to electrically repel ionic substances of the same type as the electricity it carries (repulsion between positive mesh and positive ions, repulsion between negative mesh and negative ions), so the electron barrier, electric field, and electric field of the conductive mesh (mesh) can prevent ionic substances from passing through. Specifically, the mesh of the positively charged conductive network is filled with sodium ions (Na + ), calcium ions (Ca 2+ ), magnesium ions (Mg 2+ ), ammonium ion (NH4 + ), tritium ion (T + ), allowing only water (H2O) to pass through. The mesh of the negatively charged conductive netting blocks the penetration and passage of cations such as chloride ions (Cl ― ), hydroxy ion (OH ― ), nitrate ions (NO3 ― ), nitrite ion (NO2 ― It can block the penetration and passage of anions such as ions (TN) and only allow water (H2O) to pass through. Therefore, TN can be reduced. If the target is a gas, the ammonium ion (NH4 + ) and nitrate ions (NO3 - ) and allows only water vapor (H2O), oxygen (O2), and nitrogen (N2) to pass through.

[0009] Then, by taking contact time due to electrical resistance (electric field / electric field action) and physical resistance (collision resistance), microscopically, ionic substances can be removed slowly (linear flow velocity) and thoroughly, allowing for careful purification. Furthermore, the mesh of the conductive mesh is less likely to clog than micropores, allowing water to pass through more easily, and from a macroscopic perspective, it has the advantage of being able to treat a larger amount of water and is easier to clean (backwash). It is preferable to plate the conductive mesh (wires) (both positive and negative) with platinum (Pt), which will prevent the mesh itself (made of titanium, etc.) from dissolving when even a small amount of current flows through it. Then, when positive ions (such as Na ions, Ca ions, and Mg ions) adhere to the conductive mesh (negative side), they can be removed by reverse cleaning, which periodically switches the positive and negative polarities.

[0010] In contrast to aquaporins, proteins whose 0.3-nanometer-diameter holes selectively allow water molecules to pass through while blocking ions and other substances, carbon nanotubes with various inner diameters ranging from 0.4 to 50 nanometers, and fluorine nanotubes with an inner diameter of 0.9 nanometers and negatively charged inner walls that do not allow chloride ions, which are also negatively charged, to penetrate, the ionic substance purification mechanism of this invention is configured to load a positively charged conductive mesh body and a negatively charged conductive mesh body, apply a voltage between the conductive mesh bodies, and electrically repel ionic substances of the same type as the electricity carried by the conductive mesh body.This has the advantages of being less likely to clog and being easier to backwash, without the need to apply large pressure as in prior art.

[0011] Furthermore, unlike the fluorine nanotubes, this invention can repel, reduce, or remove not only negative ionic substances (such as chloride ions) but also positive ionic substances (such as sodium ions) (not just one-sidedly). The casing in which the conductive mesh body to be positively charged and the conductive mesh body to be negatively charged are loaded can be evacuated to remove dissolved gases. In this way, the conductive mesh can efficiently repel ionic substances of the same type as the electricity carried by the conductive mesh without being interfered with by dissolved gases (such as dissolved oxygen). It is preferable to remove SS components from the water to be treated using a UF membrane or the like in a pretreatment step.

[0012] This ionic substance purification mechanism can be used, for example, in boiler water softeners, seawater desalination mechanisms, and wastewater treatment devices for industrial wastewater and effluent. According to the purification mechanism of this ionic substance, calcium ions (Ca 2+ ), magnesium ions (Mg 2+ ), silica (Si δ+ O2 δ- ) and other scales will no longer adhere to the piping of heat exchangers, boilers, cooling towers, air conditioners, and cooling fans, preventing clinker formation.

[0013] The device can be used in home air purifiers, clean rooms in factories, gas purifiers that remove ammonia gas from the air, scrubber mechanisms that treat exhaust gases, and other applications. Radioactive cesium ions (Cs + ), tritium ion (T + In other words, ionic radioactive materials can be separated and concentrated for decontamination, contributing to the reconstruction of Japan after the nuclear accident. Chloride ions (Cl) in wastewater and effluent ― ) can be recovered and used in the electrolysis mechanism (to produce electrolytic chlorine, HClO) in wastewater treatment.

[0014] (2) The conductive mesh body may be laminated. In this way, by stacking conductive mesh bodies (positive and / or negative), the gaps through which ionic substances pass (the field where the electric field caused by the charge acts) can be set more finely than the mesh of the conductive mesh body itself. Furthermore, by stacking the conductive meshes, the area (length) of the electron barrier that electrically repels the same type of ionic substance can be expanded and enlarged, allowing for more reliable purification of ionic substances. For example, if the thickness of one conductive mesh is 30 μm, stacking five of them will result in a thickness of 150 μm, and the electron barrier's repelling effect can be exerted over this length (150 μm). Furthermore, it is not necessary to process the mesh of the conductive mesh itself finely (the finer the mesh, the more difficult it is to process the mesh).

[0015] (3) The speed of passage through the conductive mesh and the pressure difference between before and after passage may be optimized to prevent the penetration of ionic substances. In this way, by appropriately adjusting the speed of passage through the conductive mesh and the differential pressure before and after passage, it is possible to effectively reject only ionic substances.

[0016] (4) A negatively charged target electrode (E) may be disposed near the negatively charged conductive mesh (3), and during backwashing, the negatively charged conductive mesh (3) may be positively charged to separate the cations attached between the negatively charged conductive mesh (3) and the target electrode (E). In this way, as shown in FIG. 8, during backwashing (maintenance) in contrast to normal operation, a current is passed through the conductive mesh 3 (which is negatively charged and to which cations such as sodium ions, magnesium ions, and calcium ions may adhere to form clinker) so as to positively charge it, thereby separating the adhering cations from the nearby target electrode E (which acts as a negative electrode), and refreshing the conductive mesh 3.

[0017] During normal operation, a positive electron / electrical barrier zone is formed around the conductive mesh 2 that is positively charged, and a negative electron / electrical barrier zone is formed around the conductive mesh 3 that is negatively charged. + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , NH4 + The negative electron and electric barrier zone is dominated by Cl. - , O.H. - , NO3 - , NO2 - A concentrated solution of anions such as these is discharged. This ionic substance purification mechanism can create a differential pressure (either positive or negative pressure) before and after treatment, and multiple units can be arranged in series to eliminate any oversight and ensure reliable treatment.

[0018] (5) This ionic substance purification mechanism is characterized by having a porous structure that is positively charged and a porous structure that is negatively charged, and applying a voltage between the porous structures to electrically repel ionic substances of the same type as the charge carried by the porous structures. The porous structure (eg, made of Si--C) may have pores of 30 to 50 μm, and may be implemented as the conductive mesh body, for example. [Effects of the Invention]

[0019] The present invention has the above-described configuration and has the following effects. The electron barrier (mesh) of the conductive mesh body can prevent ionic substances from passing through, so it is possible to provide a purification mechanism for ionic substances that can remove ions with a simpler structure. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0020] [Figure 1] 1 is a front view illustrating a first embodiment of a purification mechanism for ionic substances according to the present invention. [Figure 2] 1 is a perspective view illustrating a first embodiment of a purification mechanism for ionic substances according to the present invention. [Figure 3] 1 is a cutaway side view of a main part illustrating a first embodiment of a purification mechanism for ionic substances according to the present invention. [Figure 4] 1 is a partially enlarged plan view of a conductive mesh body of a first embodiment of a mechanism for purifying ionic substances according to the present invention. [Figure 5] 1 is a partially enlarged side view of a conductive mesh body of a first embodiment of a mechanism for purifying ionic substances according to the present invention. [Figure 6] 1 is a partially enlarged side view of a conductive mesh body of a first embodiment of a mechanism for purifying ionic substances according to the present invention in use; [Figure 7] 1 is a side view illustrating a state in which the ionic substance purification mechanism according to the first embodiment of the present invention is in use. [Figure 8] 3A and 3B are explanatory diagrams of the ionic substance purification mechanism of the present invention during normal operation and backwashing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0021] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in Figures 1 to 8, this embodiment of the purification mechanism 1 for ionic substances in liquids (wastewater containing sodium ions, chloride ions, etc.) comprises a positively charged conductive mesh 2 and a negatively charged conductive mesh 3. A voltage is applied between the conductive meshes to electrically repel ionic substances of the same type as the charges carried by the conductive meshes (positive mesh 2 and negative mesh 3 repel positive ions, negative mesh 3 repel negative ions). The conductive meshes (positive mesh 2 and negative mesh 3) are laminated with goose wires (see Figure 5). Both ends of the conductive meshes (positive mesh 2 and negative mesh 3) are secured with heat-resistant rubber packing 8 (see Figure 6).

[0022] Titanium (Ti) was used as the material for the conductive mesh. The wire (titanium) on the positive electrode side of the conductive mesh was plated with platinum (Pt). This prevented the mesh itself (titanium) from dissolving when current flowed. The conductive mesh (160 mm × 160 mm square × 9 μm thick) was made of gauze wire (wire diameter φ9 μm / wire spacing 12 μm) and was layered four times. The gap between the meshes of the four-layer conductive mesh was approximately 5 μm. The diameter of the warp and weft threads was φ9 μm, the gap between the four layers was 5 μm, and the porosity (the ratio of gaps through which ionic substances pass relative to the sheet area) was 36%.

[0023] Wastewater flows into the inlet 4 of the ionic substance purification mechanism 1, and the concentrated water of cations rejected by the positively charged conductive mesh 2 is discharged from the cation outlet 5, and the concentrated water of anions rejected by the negatively charged conductive mesh 3 is discharged from the anion outlet 6, and the final purified water flows out from the outlet 7. This reduced the amount of ionic substances in the wastewater, including sodium ions, calcium ions, magnesium ions (all cations), chloride ions, ammonium ions, nitrate ions, and hydroxy ions (all anions).

[0024] Next, the state of use of the ionic substance purification mechanism of this embodiment will be described. This ionic substance purification mechanism 1 is equipped with a conductive mesh body 2 that is positively charged and a conductive mesh body 3 that is negatively charged, and a voltage is applied between the conductive mesh bodies, so that an electronic barrier (field resistor) can be created around each conductive mesh body (physical barrier).

[0025] Furthermore, the conductive mesh is designed to electrically repel ionic substances of the same type as the electricity it carries (repulsion between positive mesh and positive ions, repulsion between negative mesh and negative ions), so the electronic barrier of the mesh in the conductive mesh can prevent ionic substances from passing through.

[0026] That is, the mesh of the positively charged conductive network is filled with sodium ions (Na + )·Calcium ions (Ca 2+ )·Magnesium ion (Mg 2+ ), allowing only water (H2O) to pass through. The mesh of the negatively charged conductive netting blocks the penetration and passage of cations such as chloride ions (Cl ― )·hydroxy ion (OH ― ) and other anions were prevented from entering or passing through, while allowing only water (H2O) to pass through.

[0027] In addition, by taking into account electrical resistance (electric field and electric field action) and physical resistance (collision resistance) to allow contact time, microscopically, ionic substances were slowly (linear flow velocity) thoroughly removed and carefully purified.

[0028] Furthermore, the mesh of the conductive mesh material is less likely to clog than micropores, allowing water to pass through more easily. Macroscopically, it is possible to treat a larger amount of water, and cleaning (backwashing) is easier.

[0029] Furthermore, by stacking the conductive mesh (2 positive, 3 negative), the gaps through which ionic substances can pass (the area where the electric field caused by the charge acts) can be made finer than the mesh of the conductive mesh itself, which means that there is no need to finely process the mesh of the conductive mesh itself. [Industrial Applicability]

[0030] By providing a purification mechanism for ionic substances that can remove ions with a simpler structure, the purification mechanism can be applied to a variety of uses for ionic substances. Specific applications include boiler water softeners, seawater desalination systems, and wastewater treatment systems for industrial wastewater and effluent.

[0031] Chloride ions (Cl) in wastewater and effluent ― ) can be recovered and used in the electrolysis mechanism (to produce electrolytic chlorine, HClO) in wastewater treatment. The device can be used in home air purifiers, clean rooms in factories, gas purifiers that remove ammonia gas from the air, scrubber mechanisms that treat exhaust gases, and other applications. [Explanation of symbols]

[0032] 1 Purification mechanism of ionic substances 2. Positively charged conductive mesh 3. Negatively charged conductive mesh

Claims

1. This ionic substance purification mechanism is characterized by stacking a conductive mesh body (2) that is positively charged and a conductive mesh body (3) that is negatively charged, applying a voltage between the conductive mesh bodies, and electrically repelling ionic substances of the same type as the electricity carried by the conductive mesh body.

2. 2. The ionic substance purification mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the conductive mesh body is laminated.

3. 3. A mechanism for purifying ionic substances according to claim 1, wherein the speed of passage through said conductive mesh and the differential pressure before and after passage are optimized to prevent the intrusion of ionic substances.

4. 4. A purification mechanism for ionic substances according to claim 1, wherein a negatively charged target electrode (E) is disposed near the negatively charged conductive mesh body (3), and during backwashing, the negatively charged conductive mesh body (3) is positively charged to separate the cations attached between the negatively charged conductive mesh body (3) and the target electrode (E).

5. A mechanism for purifying ionic substances, characterized by stacking a porous structure that is positively charged and a porous structure that is negatively charged, applying a voltage between the porous structures, and electrically repelling ionic substances of the same type as the electricity carried by the porous structures.

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