Exterior structure

Abstract

To provide an external facing structure having excellent characteristics such as heat insulating performance by forming a heat insulating layer and an external facing surface without a clearance on a backing layer formed without a clearance.SOLUTION: In this external facing structure, a substrate layer 3 is formed by arranging a substrate material 2 having at least heat insulating performance between a plurality of support members 1 and 1 arranged in parallel. In the structure in which the external facing material 5 is laid on the substrate layer 3 via the heat insulating material 4, the support member 1 is formed of a rising portion 12, fixing portions 13a and 13b extending to the left and right from a lower end of the rising portion 12, and a mounting portion 11 extending to one of the left and right from an upper end, and one end 2a of the substrate material 2 is disposed in a lateral opening 14 formed below the mounting portion 11, and the other end 2b of the substrate material 2 is disposed close to the rising portion 12 to form the substrate layer 3.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an exterior structure having excellent properties such as thermal insulation performance, in which a thermal insulation layer and an exterior surface are formed without gaps on a base layer formed without gaps. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, a base layer or a heat insulating layer has often been formed on the back side of the outermost exterior surface, whether it is a roof or a wall. Therefore, the structure forming such an exterior surface has excellent properties as an exterior structure, but this structure uses a wide variety of materials.

[0003] For example, Patent Document 1 proposes a building structural material with a roughly hat-shaped cross section, with a roughly V-shaped groove formed along the top of the roughly gate-shaped cross section, and shows a structure in which the structural material is arranged in parallel with insulation material arranged at the intervals. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 11-022105 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, in the structure of Patent Document 1, the formed heat insulating layer is missing in the internal space of the approximately hat-shaped structural material, so it was not possible to form an exterior structure with the excellent properties described above. Furthermore, the base formed on the back side of this structure is simply C-shaped steel bars arranged at predetermined intervals, so naturally, heat insulating performance cannot be expected from this base either.

[0006] Therefore, the present invention aims to propose an exterior structure having excellent properties such as thermal insulation performance, in which an insulating layer and an exterior surface are formed without gaps on a base layer formed without gaps. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The present invention has been proposed in view of the above, and relates to an exterior structure in which a base layer is formed between a plurality of support members arranged in parallel, with a base material having at least insulating properties, and an exterior material is laid on the base layer with insulating material interposed between them, wherein the support members are formed by a raised portion, a fixing portion extending to the left and right from the lower end of the raised portion, and an attachment portion extending to the left or right from the upper end, and the base layer is formed by placing one end of the base material in a horizontal opening formed below the attachment portion, and placing the other end of the base material close to the raised portion.

[0008] Furthermore, the present invention provides the exterior structure described in claim 1, characterized in that the heat insulating material has a raised portion that protrudes toward the surface side, and the one end of the exterior material engages with the fitting portion of the adjacent exterior material on the underwater side of the raised portion. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] The exterior structure of the present invention is formed by forming a heat insulating layer and an exterior surface without any gaps on a base layer formed without any gaps, and since it has a base layer and a heat insulating layer that have particularly excellent heat insulating properties, it has excellent properties such as heat insulating properties.

[0010] In addition, the insulating material has a raised portion that protrudes toward the surface, and when one end of the exterior material engages with a fitting portion of an adjacent exterior material on the underwater side of the raised portion, the insulating material and the exterior material in contact with it are attached physically stably, resulting in a highly integrated exterior structure. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] 1A is a side cross-sectional view showing an exterior structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a front view thereof. [Figure 2] 1A is a side cross-sectional view showing an exterior structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a front view thereof. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] The exterior structure of the present invention is a structure in which a base layer is formed between a plurality of support members arranged in parallel, and a base material having at least insulating properties is arranged, and an exterior material is laid on the base layer with insulating material interposed therebetween, and the support members are formed by a raised portion, a fixing portion extending to the left and right from the lower end of the raised portion, and an attachment portion extending to either the left or right from the upper end, and one end of the base material is placed in a horizontal opening formed below the attachment portion, and the other end of the base material is placed close to the raised portion to form an insulating layer.

[0013] The support members used in the present invention are members that form a base layer together with the base material disposed between adjacent support members, and although there is no limitation on the direction in which they are disposed, they are disposed in parallel to each other. The support member is formed of a vertical piece-shaped raised portion, a horizontal piece-shaped fixed portion extending to the left and right from the bottom end of the raised portion, and an attachment portion extending to one of the left and right from the top end of the raised portion. Therefore, the attachment portion, raised portion, and fixed portion form a horizontal opening.

[0014] The raised portion is a portion formed in the shape of a vertical piece, and adjacent base materials are arranged adjacent to each other with this raised portion in between, so there is no defect in the base layer which is formed continuously in the left-right direction.

[0015] The mounting portion is a horizontal piece extending to either the left or right from the upper end of the rising portion, and may be formed on only one side to form a U-shape overall (U-shaped steel in the case of extrusion molding) as in the illustrated example described below, or may be formed to extend to both the left and right to form an E-shape overall (E-shaped steel in the case of extrusion molding). Such a mounting portion holds the upper edge (surface) of one end of the base material and also serves as the mounting portion for the insulation layer laid above (on the surface side of) this base layer.

[0016] The fixing part is a horizontal piece that holds the lower edge (back surface) of one end of the base material, and it is desirable that the fixing part on the mounting part (if there is only one) extends outward from the side edge of the mounting part. This specification is intended to make it easier to screw in from above (the front side) when screwing in (the screwing part extends and the jig used for the work is not obstructed by the mounting part).

[0017] This support member may be formed by folding a metal plate by roll forming or the like, so that its raised portion and mounting portion are doubled, and it is desirable that the doubled portion be formed in close proximity (abutting). Furthermore, the raised portion may be provided with a minimum gap (for example, the thickness of the joint member) in consideration of the longitudinal connection (joint). Alternatively, extrusion molding (extruded material) may be used to form the same cross-sectional shape. By employing roll forming, the following effects can be achieved. By forming it in two layers, a certain level of strength can be obtained with an inexpensive structure. Because the double layering provides strength, relatively thin sheet materials can be used, and scraps from molding the exterior materials can be utilized, leading to effective use of resources.

[0018] The base material used in the present invention is a member that forms a base layer together with the support member, and is made of a material that has at least heat insulation properties, and it is desirable that at least the surface is made of a water-impermeable material. In this case, the base layer that is formed has heat insulation properties and is also waterproof, so that even if a small amount of moisture penetrates from the exterior surface (exterior material) or the heat insulation layer (heat insulation material) on the surface side, further water leakage can be prevented. The cross-sectional shape of this base material may be rectangular or non-rectangular, but one end of it is held in the lateral opening of the support member, and the other end is brought into close contact with the raised portion of the support member.

[0019] Any material having heat insulating properties can be used for this base material, and for example, various materials used as heat insulating boards, such as cement boards and sheathing boards, can be used.

[0020] The insulating material used in the present invention is a component for laying the exterior material on the surface side of the base layer. It may form an insulating layer by itself, as in the illustrated examples described below, or it may be attached to the back side of the exterior material as a backing. It is desirable that it be a water-impermeable molding material. Specifically, it is preferable to use a foam-based insulating material, especially a single layer or laminate of a material with some elasticity, such as expanded polystyrene or expanded polyethylene, made of synthetic resin. This water-impermeable foam-based insulating material is a material in which air bubbles are present independently and randomly, so its water-impermeability is always maintained even when it is cut or processed. Unlike the aforementioned base material, this insulation material is not limited in shape to be placed between supporting members, so for example, depending on the gradient of the base, its end shape may be abutted or overlapped as in the illustrated example described below, and it may also have raised portions or grooves on the surface to form drainage channels for water to flow through. Alternatively, it may have a configuration in which an appropriate engaging shape is provided depending on the exterior material to be placed on the surface side.

[0021] As an example of disposing this insulation material in the flow direction, a configuration is desirable in which the underwater end has a protruding portion whose upper half extends below the waterline, and the abovewater end has an overlapping portion whose lower half extends above the waterline, as in the illustrated embodiment described below. In this case, adjacent insulation materials in the flow direction are connected in an overlapping manner, forming a gap-free insulation layer. Furthermore, it is more desirable that adjacent insulation materials in the flow direction are connected in an overlapping manner. Furthermore, the surface of this insulating material may be flat, or may have grooves or raised portions as described above, or may have a platform portion appropriately formed to support the back surface of the exterior material to be placed on the surface side.

[0022] The exterior material used in the present invention is a component that forms an exterior surface on the surface side of the base layer via the insulating material, and may be horizontally laid as in the illustrated examples described below, vertically laid, flat laid, etc., and may be attached directly to the mounting portion of the support member, fixed via the insulating material, or fixed via other components (fixing members, holding members, etc.). Therefore, various known shapes, structures, materials and molding methods can be applied, and known exterior materials can be used as appropriate.

[0023] As an example of a horizontally laid exterior material, a desirable configuration would be one that has a belowwater molding part on the belowwater side of the face plate that has a horizontal groove that opens on the belowwater side, and an abovewater molding part on the abovewater side of the face plate that has an engagement piece that flips up onto the surface side, as shown in the illustrated example described below. This is because in this configuration, the engagement piece 1 of the abovewater molding part of the adjacent exterior material on the belowwater side is inserted into the horizontal groove of the adjacent exterior material on the abovewater side. There are no particular limitations on the material or shape of such horizontally laid exterior materials, and typically, known metal materials such as surface-decorated steel sheets, laminated steel sheets, plated steel sheets, stainless steel sheets, aluminum alloy sheets, titanium alloy sheets, copper sheets, etc., having a thickness of approximately 0.4 to 1.6 mm, can be appropriately formed into a predetermined shape by roll forming, extrusion molding, or other means.

[0024] In this way, the exterior structure of the present invention has the excellent characteristic of having double (two-layer) insulation performance, as it is formed by forming an insulating layer and an exterior surface without any gaps on top of a base layer that has been formed without any gaps. [Example]

[0025] 1(a) and 1(b), the exterior structure of Example 1 of the present invention is configured such that C-shaped steel purlins M, M are arranged in parallel, and on top of that, multiple support members 1 are arranged at predetermined intervals along the flow direction, and base materials 2 with rectangular cross sections are arranged at the predetermined intervals to form a seamless base layer 3. Furthermore, an exterior material 6 is laid on this base layer 3 via a heat insulating material 4. In the figures, the symbol n denotes the upper flange of the purlin M, and the symbol o denotes a lip formed downward from the tip of the upper flange n of the purlin M.

[0026] The support member 1 is a U-shaped member formed of a vertically extending rising portion 12, horizontally extending fixing portions 13a and 13b extending laterally from the bottom end of the rising portion 12, and an attachment portion 11 extending from the top end of the rising portion 12 to one of the two sides (the left in the illustrated embodiment). The rising portion 12 and the attachment portion 11 are formed by bending a metal plate using a rolling process or the like, so that the rising portion 12 and the attachment portion 11 are double-layered. The fixing portion 13a on the attachment portion 11 side (left side) extends outward beyond the side edge of the fixing portion 11, while the fixing portion 13b on the other side (right side) is clearly shorter. Reference numeral 14 in the drawing denotes a horizontal groove-shaped opening formed by the attachment portion 11, the rising portion 12, and the fixing portion 13a, and reference numeral 1b denotes a fastener (screw) for fastening the support member 1.

[0027] The base material 2 is a thick, non-water-permeable board with heat insulating properties, and is disposed between the support members 1, 1 to form the base layer 3. Note that the symbol 2a in the figure denotes one end, which is one side end, of the base material 2, and 2b denotes the other end, which is the other side end. Specifically, since the support member 1 has an attachment portion 11 on only one of the left and right sides, the support member 1 can be attached so that one end 2a fits into a lateral opening 14 formed between the attachment portion 11 and the overlapping portion 13a. After fasteners 1b are hammered into the left and right fixing portions 13a, 13b of the support member 1, the edges (one end 2a, the other end 2b) of the base materials 2, 2 are placed on the fixing portions 13a, 13b.

[0028] The insulating material 4 is a component for laying the exterior material 6 on the surface side of the base layer 3, and in this Example 1, it can form the insulating layer 5 by itself, and is a non-permeable molding material formed from a single layer or laminate of synthetic resin such as expanded polystyrene or expanded polyethylene. In the illustrated embodiment, the insulating material 4 has a protruding portion 41 at the underwater end (left end in the figure) whose upper half extends below the waterline (left side in the figure), and an overlapping portion 42 at the abovewater end (right end in the figure) whose lower half extends above the waterline (right side in the figure). Therefore, the protruding portions 41 and overlapping portions 42 of adjacent insulating materials 4, 4 in the flow direction are overlappingly connected to form a gap-free insulating layer 5. The adjacent insulating materials 4, 4 in the flow direction (protruding portions 41 and overlapping portions 42) are overlappingly connected in a jutting fashion. In the figure, reference numeral 43 denotes a raised base portion abutting the protruding portion 41 of the insulating material 4 above the waterline, reference numeral 44 denotes a corner formed below the waterline of the raised base portion 43, reference numeral 45 denotes a fixing surface formed further below the waterline of the corner portion 44, and reference numeral 46 denotes a raised convex portion. Therefore, the end shapes (projecting portions 41 and overlapping portions 42) of this insulating material 4 are formed to overlap each other, and the raised base portions 43 and raised convex portions 46 can form an insulating layer 5 that supports the back surface of the exterior material 6, and a drainage flow path through which water flows is formed on the surface. Note that although the drainage flow path is not clearly shown in the figure, the formation of the raised base portions 43 and raised convex portions 46 forms a drainage groove (flow path) between them.

[0029] The exterior cladding material 6 used in the present invention is a horizontally laid exterior cladding material that forms an exterior surface on the front side of the base layer 3 via the insulation material 4, and is equipped with an above-water side molding portion 62 on the above-water side of a flat face plate portion 61, which has an engagement piece 621 that flips the above-water end up toward the front side, and an below-water side molding portion 63 that has the below-water end of the face plate portion 61 bent toward the back side and then above-water and then folded back underwater in a hairpin shape. In the figure, reference numeral 631 denotes an L-shaped folded portion formed by bending the below-water end of the face plate portion 41 toward the back side and then above-water, reference numeral 632 denotes a horizontal groove portion formed by folding back the tip of the folded portion 631, and reference numeral 633 denotes an extension portion that is folded back and extends to the below-water side. The engaging piece 621 of the abovewater molded part 62 of the adjacent exterior material 6 on the belowwater side is inserted and engaged with the horizontal groove part 632 of the adjacent exterior material 6 on the abovewater side. There are no particular limitations on the material or shape of the exterior material 6, and typically, known metal materials such as surface-decorated steel sheets, laminated steel sheets, plated steel sheets, stainless steel sheets, aluminum alloy sheets, titanium alloy sheets, copper sheets, etc., having a thickness of approximately 0.4 to 1.6 mm, can be appropriately formed into a predetermined shape by roll forming, extrusion molding, or other means.

[0030] The exterior structure of Example 1 formed in this manner has the excellent property of having double (two-layer) insulation performance, since the insulating layer 5 and exterior surface are formed without gaps on top of the base layer 3 which is formed without gaps.

[0031] As described above, the support member 1 used in Example 1 is made by bending a metal plate using roll forming or the like, and the raised portion 12 and the mounting portion 11 are formed in a double layer. This allows a certain level of strength to be obtained with an inexpensive structure, and further allows the use of relatively thin plate material, which makes it possible to utilize scrap material generated when forming the exterior material, leading to effective use of resources. [Example]

[0032] 2(a) and (b), the exterior structure of Example 2 is constructed by laying a purlin L having a predetermined thickness in the flow direction and the left-right direction, on which a plurality of support members 1 are arranged at predetermined intervals along the flow direction, and base materials 2' having a rectangular cross section are arranged at the predetermined intervals to form a solid base layer 3'. Furthermore, an exterior material 6 is laid on this base layer 3' with a heat insulating material 4 interposed therebetween. The support member 1 with a U-shaped cross section, the insulating material 4 which is a non-permeable molding material, the insulating layer 5 formed therefrom, and the exterior material 6 which is a horizontally laid exterior material are exactly the same as those in Example 1, so the same symbols are used in the drawings and their explanations are omitted.

[0033] The base material 2' in this Example 2 is a sheathing board with heat insulating properties, which is indicated by cross-hatching in the drawing, and is disposed between the support members 1, 1 to form the base layer 3'. Note that the symbol 2'a in the drawing denotes one end, which is one side end, of the base material 2', and 2'b denotes the other end, which is the other side end.

[0034] The exterior structure of Example 2 formed in this manner also has the excellent property of having double (two-layer) insulation performance, since the insulating layer 5 and exterior surface are formed without gaps on top of the base layer 3 which is formed without gaps. [Explanation of symbols]

[0035] 1 Support member 11 Mounting part 12 Start-up Department 13a,13b Fixed part 14 Sideways opening 2,2' Underlayment 2a,2'a one end 2b,2'b other end 3,3' Base layer 4. Insulation 5. Insulation layer 6. Exterior materials

Claims

1. An exterior structure in which a base layer is formed by disposing a base material having at least thermal insulation performance between a plurality of support members arranged in parallel, and an exterior material is laid on the base layer via a thermal insulation material, the support member is formed of a rising portion, a fixing portion extending to the left and right from a lower end of the rising portion, and an attachment portion extending to one of the left and right from an upper end of the rising portion, An exterior structure characterized in that one end of a base material is placed in a horizontal opening formed below the mounting portion, and the other end of the base material is placed adjacent to the raised portion to form a base layer.

2. The exterior structure described in claim 1, characterized in that the insulation material has a raised portion that protrudes toward the surface, and the one end of the exterior material engages with the fitting portion of the adjacent exterior material on the underwater side of the raised portion.

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