Vibration absorbing apparatus and building having the same

Abstract

To provide a vibration absorbing device of a building capable of properly performing strength design in tension and compression.SOLUTION: The vibration absorbing device 7 includes a vibration absorbing mechanism 7a, and a connection mechanism 7a for connecting the vibration absorbing mechanism 7b to a connection object (the base 2 or the surface material 5). The vibration absorbing mechanism 7a has a reactive force characteristic of generating a substantially constant first reactive force regardless of a compression amount in a compression range exceeding a predetermined compression amount and generating a second reactive force larger than the first reactive force in a specific tension range exceeding a predetermined tension amount having a displacement amount equal to and opposite to the predetermined compression amount. The connection mechanism 7b is provided with a superelastic part composed of superelastic alloys having elongation characteristics of elongating and deforming in the second direction while generating substantially the same reactive force as the first reactive force regardless of a tensile amount in a specific tensile range.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a vibration absorbing device for a building. [Background technology]

[0002] BACKGROUND ART For example, a vibration control structure described in Patent Document 1 has been known.

[0003] The seismic control structure described in Patent Document 1 comprises a rectangular frame body composed of a pair of pillars, a beam, and a foundation, a panel provided within the rectangular frame body, and seismic control dampers provided between the upper and lower edges of the panel and the beam and foundation.

[0004] Both sides of the face material are fixed to the pair of posts by fasteners.

[0005] Therefore, if vibrations caused by an earthquake or other event on a building cause the beams and foundation to displace horizontally relative to each other in different directions, some of the gaps between the upper and lower edges of the panel and the beams and foundation will narrow, and other parts will widen.

[0006] The vibration damper absorbs vibration by converting vibration energy into heat energy through compressive or tensile deformation in response to the relative displacement between the face material, beam, and foundation. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-7377 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] Dampers have a variety of characteristics, but some dampers have a characteristic in which the reaction force generated when tensioned is greater than the reaction force generated when compressed. When such dampers are used, the following problems arise.

[0009] If the strength of the structure surrounding the part where the damper is attached is designed based on the reaction force generated during compression, the strength will be insufficient during tension.

[0010] On the other hand, if the strength of the structure surrounding the part where the damper is attached is designed based on the reaction force during tension, the structure will be given excessive strength during compression.

[0011] The object of the present invention is to provide a vibration absorbing device and a building equipped with the same, which has a vibration absorbing mechanism that has the characteristic that the reaction force generated during tension is greater than the reaction force generated during compression, and which can perform appropriate strength design during tension and compression. [Means for solving the problem]

[0012] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a first invention is a vibration absorbing device for absorbing vibrations in a building, the building comprising a pair of opposing members extending in a predetermined first direction and arranged apart from each other in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, each having a member-side opposing surface opposing each other in the second direction, a pair of panel-side opposing surfaces opposing each other in the second direction to the member-side opposing surfaces of the pair of opposing members, a panel material having a surface arranged along the first direction and the second direction and provided between the pair of opposing members, and an attachment mechanism for attaching the panel material to the pair of opposing members such that the panel-side opposing surface is inclined with respect to the member-side opposing surface when the pair of opposing members are displaced relative to each other in the first direction, and the vibration absorbing device is configured to have a structure in which, in a region where the spacing between the member-side opposing surface and the panel-side opposing surface becomes narrow when the pair of opposing members are displaced relative to each other in one of the first directions, A vibration absorbing device is provided, comprising: a vibration absorbing mechanism provided between the member-side opposing surface and the panel-side opposing surface in a region where the distance between the member-side opposing surface and the panel-side opposing surface widens when the pair of opposing members are displaced relative to each other in the other of the first direction; and a connection mechanism for connecting the vibration absorbing mechanism to a connection object which is one of the pair of opposing members or the panel, wherein the vibration absorbing mechanism has reaction force characteristics of generating a first reaction force that is substantially constant regardless of the amount of compression in a compression range exceeding a predetermined compression amount, and generating a second reaction force greater than the first reaction force in a specific tension range exceeding a predetermined tension amount which has a displacement amount equal to but opposite to the predetermined compression amount; and the connection mechanism has a superelastic part made of a superelastic alloy which has elongation characteristics that elongate and deform in the second direction while generating a reaction force substantially the same as the first reaction force regardless of the amount of tension in the specific tension range.

[0013] According to the first aspect of the present invention, the connection target components and the vibration-absorbing mechanism are connected by a connection mechanism having a superelastic part that stretches and deforms in a second direction while generating a reaction force substantially equal to the first reaction force regardless of the amount of tension within a specific tension range. Therefore, the superelastic part can be tensile-deformed preferentially over the vibration-absorbing mechanism within the specific tension range, thereby making it possible to equalize the load (reaction force) applied to the connection target components in both compression and tension. This allows for appropriate strength design in tension and compression to avoid insufficient or excessive quality in buildings.

[0014] In the vibration absorbing device of the first invention, it is preferable that the connection mechanism comprises an extension member that is arranged across the vibration absorbing mechanism and the connection object and has the superelastic portion, and an assembly mechanism for assembling the extension member to the vibration absorbing mechanism and the connection object so as to transmit tensile force to the extension member and restrict the transmission of compressive force (second invention).

[0015] According to the second invention, the assembly mechanism can transmit tensile force to the extension member while regulating the transmission of compressive force to the extension member, thereby making it possible to effectively utilize the tensile properties of the superelastic portion while preventing the occurrence of adverse effects on the extension member due to compressive force.

[0016] In the vibration absorbing device of the second invention, it is preferable that the assembly mechanism has a mounting member connected to the vibration absorbing mechanism and having a mounting surface that is placed on the component-side facing surface or the panel-side facing surface of the connection object, and the extension member has a mounting-side attachment portion and an object-side attachment portion that are attached to the mounting member and the connection object, respectively, so as to restrict relative movement between the mounting member and the connection object in the direction in which the mounting surface moves away from the component-side facing surface or the panel-side facing surface, and a tensile deformation portion that is provided between the mounting-side attachment portion and the object-side attachment portion and has the superelastic portion (third invention).

[0017] According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the mounting surface is placed on (in contact with) the component-side facing surface or the face plate-side facing surface, it is possible to prevent a force pressing the mounting surface against the component-side facing surface or the face plate-side facing surface from being transmitted as a compressive force to the extension member. Furthermore, since the extension member has a tensile deformation portion provided between the mounting-side attachment portion and the target-side attachment portion, a force in a direction in which the mounting surface moves away from the component-side facing surface or the face plate-side facing surface can be effectively transmitted to the extension member as a tensile force to the tensile deformation portion.

[0018] In the vibration absorbing device of the third invention, it is preferable that the assembly mechanism has a surrounding member that surrounds the tensile deformation portion so that a space is formed around the tensile deformation portion to allow tensile deformation of the tensile deformation portion (fourth invention).

[0019] According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, even when the extension member is contained within the connection object, such as when the surrounding portion is buried in concrete that constitutes a foundation, the surrounding member can form a space around the tensile deformation portion to allow tensile deformation, thereby ensuring that the tensile deformation portion can be tensilely deformed.

[0020] In the vibration absorbing device of the third or fourth invention, it is preferable that the mounting member has a mechanism connection portion to which the vibration absorbing mechanism is connected, a mounting portion provided on both sides of the mechanism connection portion in a third direction perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction and having a pair of extension mounting portions to which the mounting side mounting portion can be attached and the mounting surface, and an upright portion extending from one side of the mechanism connection portion to the other side in the third direction and upright on the mounting portion (fifth invention).

[0021] According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the extension members are provided on both sides of the mechanism connection part in the third direction, so that the tensile force can be transmitted in a balanced manner on both sides of the mechanism connection part. Furthermore, the upright parts are provided on the mounting part across both sides of the mechanism connection part, so that the bending strength of the mounting part can be improved and the loss of tensile force due to bending deformation of the mounting part can be suppressed. Therefore, the tensile force can be transmitted in a balanced and reliable manner between the face material and the connection object.

[0022] In the vibration absorbing devices of the second to fifth inventions, the entire extension member is preferably made of a superelastic alloy (sixth invention).

[0023] According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the structure of the extension member can be simplified compared to when a superelastic portion is provided in a portion of the extension member.

[0024] In addition, the seventh invention provides a building comprising a pair of opposing members extending in a predetermined first direction and arranged apart from each other in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, each having a member-side opposing surface opposing each other in the second direction; a pair of panel-side opposing surfaces opposing each other in the second direction to the member-side opposing surfaces of the pair of opposing members; a panel having a surface arranged along the first direction and the second direction and provided between the pair of opposing members; an attachment mechanism for attaching the panel members to the pair of opposing members so that the panel-side opposing surfaces are inclined with respect to the member-side opposing surfaces when the pair of opposing members are displaced relative to each other in the first direction; and a vibration absorbing device according to any one of the first to sixth inventions. [Effects of the Invention]

[0025] According to the present invention, a vibration absorbing mechanism having a characteristic in which the reaction force generated during tension is greater than the reaction force generated during compression can be provided, and strength design during tension and compression can be performed appropriately. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0026] [Figure 1]FIG. 1 is a front view showing a part of a building equipped with a vibration absorbing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a front view showing a state in which a horizontal relative displacement occurs between the foundation and the beam in the building shown in FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the relationship between the vibration absorber shown in FIG. 1 and a foundation. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a front view showing the relationship between the vibration absorbing device of FIG. 3 and the foundation, with part of the foundation omitted. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a plan view showing only the member to which the vibration absorbing device shown in FIG. 3 is attached. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a side view of the vibration-absorbing member shown in FIG. 3, showing a state in which no load is applied. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a side view showing the vibration-absorbing member shown in FIG. 3, showing a state in which a compressive load is applied. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a side view showing the vibration-absorbing member shown in FIG. 3, showing a state in which a tensile load is applied. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a graph showing the reaction force characteristics of the vibration absorbing member shown in FIG. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a graph showing the superelastic properties of the superelastic portion of the connection mechanism shown in FIG. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is a graph showing the reaction force characteristics of the vibration absorbing member when a tensile load is applied, and the reaction force characteristics of the vibration absorbing member when a compressive load is applied. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing the relationship between the vibration absorber and the beam shown in FIG. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 shows a modification of the vibration absorber of FIG. 12 in which the surrounding member is omitted. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 shows a modification in which the vibration absorbing mechanism is connected to the face plate by a connecting mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0027] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the following embodiments are examples that embody the present invention and are not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention.

[0028] FIG. 1 is a front view showing a part of a building equipped with a vibration absorbing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Referring to Figure 1, the building 1 comprises a foundation 2 and a beam 3 (a pair of opposing members) extending in a predetermined first direction D1 and arranged at a distance from each other in a second direction D2 perpendicular to the first direction D1, a pair of columns 4 provided between the foundation 2 and the beam 3 with a gap in the first direction D1, a panel 5 provided between the foundation 2 and the beam 3 and between the pair of columns 4, and an attachment mechanism 6 for attaching the panel 5 to the foundation 2 and the beam 3.

[0030] The foundation 2 is erected on the ground and extends along a first direction D1. Specifically, the foundation 2 includes reinforcing bars 2b extending in the first direction D1 and concrete 2c molded so that the reinforcing bars 2b are embedded therein.

[0031] The beam 3 is supported by a pair of columns 4 and a column not shown at a position away from the foundation 2 in the second direction D2. The beam 3 also extends in the first direction D1 parallel to the foundation 2. In this embodiment, the beam 3 is a wooden beam, but it may also be a metal beam.

[0032] The foundation 2 and the beam 3 have member-side opposing surfaces 2a and 3a, respectively, that face each other in the second direction D2.

[0033] A pair of columns 4 extend in the second direction D2 and are connected to the foundation 2 and the beam 3, respectively.

[0034] The panel 5 has a panel-side facing surface 5a facing the member-side facing surface 2a of the foundation 2 in the second direction D2, a panel-side facing surface 5b facing the member-side facing surface 3a of the beam 3 in the second direction D2, and a surface 5c arranged along the first direction D1 and the second direction D2.

[0035] The mounting mechanism 6 is for mounting the surface material 5 to the foundation 2 and the beam 3 so that the surface material-side opposing surfaces 5a, 5b are inclined with respect to the member-side opposing surfaces 2a, 3a when the foundation 2 and the beam 3 are displaced relative to each other in the first direction D1. Specifically, the mounting mechanism 6 has a base-side mounting mechanism 6A provided between the surface material 5 and the foundation 2, and a beam-side mounting mechanism 6B provided between the surface material 5 and the beam 3. The base-side mounting mechanism 6A and the beam-side mounting mechanism 6B have substantially the same configuration, except for whether the surface material 5 is mounted to the foundation 2 or the beam 3. Therefore, the configuration of the base-side mounting mechanism 6A will be described below, and the beam-side mounting mechanism 6B will be given the same reference numeral as the base-side mounting mechanism 6A, and a description of the beam-side mounting mechanism 6B will be omitted.

[0036] The foundation-side mounting mechanism 6A includes a bracket 6a extending from the component-side facing surface 2a toward the panel 5, a bracket 6b extending from the panel-side facing surface 5a toward the foundation 2, and a connection shaft 6c rotatably connecting the bracket 6a and the bracket 6b. The bracket 6b has a pair of clamping pieces (only one of which is shown in FIG. 1 ) that clamp the bracket 6a from both sides in a third direction D3 perpendicular to the first direction D1 and the second direction D2. The connection shaft 6c extends in the third direction D3, penetrating the pair of clamping pieces of the bracket 6a and the bracket 6b. Thus, the foundation 2 and the panel 5 are connected to each other rotatably about the connection shaft 6c extending in the third direction D3. Similarly, the beam 3 and the panel 5 are connected to each other rotatably about the connection shaft 6c extending in the third direction D3. Furthermore, since the foundation-side mounting mechanism 6A and the beam-side mounting mechanism 6B are provided at the center position of the surface member 5 in the first direction D1, when the foundation 2 and the beam 3 are displaced relative to each other in the first direction D1, the distance between the component-side facing surfaces 2a, 3a and the surface member-side facing surfaces 5a, 5b changes as follows: In the distance between the component-side facing surface 2a and the surface member-side facing surface 5a, the region on one side of the foundation-side mounting mechanism 6A in the first direction D1 (the left side in FIG. 1) is referred to as R1, and the region on the other side of the first direction D1 (the right side in FIG. 1) is referred to as R2. Similarly, in the distance between the component-side facing surface 3a and the surface member-side facing surface 5b, the region on one side of the beam-side mounting mechanism 6B in the first direction D1 (the left side in FIG. 1) is referred to as R3, and the region on the other side of the first direction D1 (the right side in FIG. 1) is referred to as R4.

[0037] For example, as shown in Fig. 2, when the foundation 2 is displaced relative to the beam 3 in one direction (left in Fig. 2) in the first direction D1, the gap between the component-side opposing surface 2a and the face material-side opposing surface 5a widens in region R1, and the gap between the component-side opposing surface 2a and the face material-side opposing surface 5a narrows in region R2. Furthermore, the gap between the component-side opposing surface 3a and the face material-side opposing surface 5b narrows in region R3, and the gap between the component-side opposing surface 3a and the face material-side opposing surface 5b widens in region R4.

[0038] 2, when the foundation 2 is displaced relative to the beam 3 in the other direction in the first direction D1 (to the right in FIG. 2), the gap between the component-side opposing surface 2a and the panel-side opposing surface 5a narrows in region R1, and the gap between the component-side opposing surface 2a and the panel-side opposing surface 5a widens in region R2. In addition, the gap between the component-side opposing surface 3a and the panel-side opposing surface 5b widens in region R3, and the gap between the component-side opposing surface 3a and the panel-side opposing surface 5b narrows in region R4.

[0039] The building 1 further includes four vibration absorbing devices 7 provided in each of the regions R1 to R4 to absorb vibrations in the building 1. The four vibration absorbing devices 7 have the same configuration except for whether they are connected to the foundation 2 or the beam 3 with respect to the surface material 5. Therefore, the configuration of the vibration absorbing device 7 provided in the region R1 will be described below, and differences in configuration due to the different connections will be described separately.

[0040] Referring to Figures 3 to 6, the vibration absorbing device 7 includes a vibration absorbing mechanism 7a provided between the component-side opposing surface 2a and the panel-side opposing surface 5a, and a connection mechanism 7b for connecting the vibration absorbing mechanism 7a to the foundation 2 (corresponding to the object to be connected).

[0041] As shown in FIG. 9, the vibration absorbing mechanism 7a has a reaction force characteristic in which it generates a substantially constant first reaction force (load -L) regardless of the compression amount in a compression range PR that exceeds a predetermined compression amount (displacement amount -D), while it generates a second reaction force greater than the first reaction force (+L) in a specific tension range TR that exceeds a predetermined tension amount and has a displacement amount +D that is equal to and opposite to the displacement amount -D.

[0042] 3 and 4, the vibration absorbing mechanism 7a has a pair of vibration absorbing members 7a1 that have the reaction force characteristics shown in FIG. 9 and are arranged side by side in the first direction D1.

[0043] Because the pair of vibration absorbing members 7a1 have the same configuration, only the configuration of one of the vibration absorbing members 7a1 will be described, and the description of the other vibration absorbing member 7a1 will be omitted. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, the vibration absorbing member 7a1 has a pair of absorbing pieces 7a1a and 7a1b facing each other in the third direction D3. The absorbing pieces 7a1a and 7a1b have the same configuration and are arranged symmetrically in the third direction D3, as shown in FIG. 6. The absorbing pieces 7a1a and 7a1b each have a connecting portion 7a1c connected to the connected portion 5a1 extending in the second direction D2 from the face-plate-side facing surface 5a of the face plate 5 toward the foundation 2, a connecting portion 7a1d connected to a mechanism connecting portion 7b3a (described later), and an elastically deforming portion 7a1e provided between the connecting portion 7a1c and the connecting portion 7a1d. The connecting portion 7a1c of both absorber pieces 7a1a and 7a1b is fixed to the connected portion 5a1 by a bolt B1 (see FIG. 3) with the connected portion 5a1 sandwiched in the third direction D3. Similarly, the connecting portion 7a1d of both absorber pieces 7a1a and 7a1b is fixed to the connected portion 7a2e by a bolt B2 (see FIG. 3) with the mechanism connecting portion 7b3a sandwiched in the third direction D3.

[0044] The elastic deformation portion 7a1e is configured to elastically deform in response to a change in the distance between the connecting portion 7a1c and the connecting portion 7a1d in the second direction D2. Specifically, the elastic deformation portion 7a1e has a protruding portion 7a1e1 extending from the connecting portion 7a1c in a direction away from the connected portion 5a1 in the third direction D3, a protruding portion 7a1e2 extending from the connecting portion 7a1d in a direction away from the mechanism connecting portion 7b3a in the third direction D3, and a connecting portion 7a1e3 connecting the protruding portions 7a1e1 and 7a1e2. When connection portions 7a1c and 7a1d approach each other in the second direction D2, the interior angle between connection portion 7a1c and overhanging portion 7a1e1 and the interior angle between connection portion 7a1d and overhanging portion 7a1e2 each become smaller, and elastic deformation portion 7a1e elastically deforms so that the center of linking portion 7a1e3 moves away from connection portion 7a1c in the third direction D3, as shown in Fig. 7. On the other hand, when connection portions 7a1c and 7a1d move away from each other in the second direction D2, elastic deformation portion 7a1e elastically deforms so that the interior angle between connection portion 7a1c and overhanging portion 7a1e1, the interior angle between overhanging portion 7a1e1 and linking portion 7a1e3, the interior angle between linking portion 7a1e3 and overhanging portion 7a1e2, and the interior angle between overhanging portion 7a1e2 and connection portion 7a1d become wider, as shown in Fig. 8.

[0045] Referring to Figures 3 to 5, the connection mechanism 7b has eight extension members 7b1 that are provided across the vibration absorbing mechanism 7a and the foundation 2, and an assembly mechanism 7b2 for assembling the extension members 7b1 to the vibration absorbing mechanism 7a and the foundation 2 so as to transmit tensile force to the extension members 7b1 and restrict the transmission of compressive force.

[0046] The extension member 7b1 bears the tensile load between the base 2 and the vibration absorbing mechanism 7a. As shown in FIG. 10, the extension member 7b1 includes a superelastic portion made of a superelastic alloy having elongation characteristics that cause the extension member 7b1 to deform in the second direction D2 while generating a reaction force (+L) substantially equal to the first reaction force (the load corresponding to +L in FIG. 9) regardless of the amount of tension (the amount of strain in the figure) within the specific tension range TR. Specifically, the entire extension member 7b1 of this embodiment is made of a superelastic alloy. As shown in FIG. 10, when the tensile force (stress) is removed from the superelastic portion while the superelastic portion is deformed by the tensile force, the superelastic portion irreversibly restores its shape with a stress transition different from that during tensile deformation.

[0047] 3 to 5, extension member 7b1 has a mounting-side attachment portion 7b1a attached to mounting member 7b3 (described later), a target-side attachment portion 7b1b attached to foundation 2, and a tensile deformation portion 7b1c provided between mounting-side attachment portion 7b1a and target-side attachment portion 7b1b. Male threads are formed on the outer circumferential surfaces of mounting-side attachment portion 7b1a and target-side attachment portion 7b1b, respectively.

[0048] The assembly mechanism 7b2 includes a mounting member 7b3 connected to the vibration absorbing mechanism 7a and having a mounting surface 7b3b1 that is placed on the member-side opposing surface 2a of the foundation 2, eight mounting side mounting members 7b4 for attaching the mounting side mounting portion 7b1a of the extension member 7b1 to the mounting member 7b3, eight target side mounting members 7b5 for attaching the target side mounting portion 7b1b of the extension member 7b1 to the foundation 2, and eight surrounding members 7b6 that surround the tensile deformation portion 7b1c of the extension member 7b1 (the leftmost surrounding member 7b6 is not shown in Figure 3).

[0049] The mounting member 7b3 has a pair of mechanism connection portions 7b3a to which the vibration absorbing mechanism 7a is connected, a mounting portion 7b3b having a mounting surface 7b3b1, and three standing portions 7b3c, 7b3d, and 7b3e standing on the mounting portion 7b3b. The mounting portion 7b3b is a plate-like portion that is generally rectangular in plan view. The standing portions 7b3c and 7b3d extend in the third direction D3 from both ends of the mounting portion 7b3b in the first direction D1. The standing portion 7b3e extends in the third direction D3 from the center of the mounting portion 7b3b in the first direction D1. The pair of mechanism connection portions 7b3a are aligned in the first direction D1 at the center of the mounting portion 7b3b in the third direction D3. Specifically, one mechanism connection portion 7b3a connects the standing portion 7b3c and the standing portion 7b3e. The other mechanism connection portion 7b3a connects the standing portion 7b3d and the standing portion 7b3e. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, the mounting portion 7b3b has eight extension portion attachment portions 7b3f that are provided on both sides of the mechanism connection portion 7b3a in the third direction D3 and that can attach the extension member 7b1. The extension portion attachment portions 7b3f are formed by through holes that penetrate the mounting portion 7b3b in the second direction D2. The eight extension portion attachment portions 7b3f are distributed two by two in each region of the mounting portion 7b3b defined by the standing portions 7b3c, 7b3d, and 7b3e, and the two extension portion attachment portions 7b3f in each region are aligned in the first direction D1. The standing portions 7b3c to 7b3e extend from one side to the other of the mechanism connection portion 7b3a in the third direction D3. Specifically, the standing portions 7b3c to 7b3 are provided in a range that can include the entire extension portion attachment portion 7b3f in the third direction D3.

[0050] The mounting-side mounting member 7b4 is for mounting the extension member 7b1 to the mounting member 7b3 so as to restrict movement of the extension member 7b1 relative to the mounting member 7b3 toward the foundation 2 in the second direction D2. Specifically, the mounting-side mounting member 7b4 is composed of a nut that is inserted into the extension-portion mounting portion 7b3f of the mounting portion 7b3b from the foundation 2 side and is screwed onto the male thread of the mounting-side mounting portion 7b1a that protrudes from the mounting portion 7b3b toward the face material 5.

[0051] The target-side mounting member 7b5 is used to mount the extension member 7b1 to the foundation 2 so as to restrict movement of the extension member 7b1 toward the face material 5 in the second direction D2. Specifically, the target-side mounting member 7b5 is configured as a nut that is threaded onto the male thread of the target-side mounting portion 7b1b of the extension member 7b1 and is embedded in the concrete 2c of the foundation 2. More specifically, the target-side mounting member 7b5 is embedded in the concrete 2c while being prevented from coming off by an enclosing member 7b6 that is embedded in the concrete 2c so as to restrict movement of the target-side mounting member 7b5 in a direction approaching the face material 5 in the second direction D2.

[0052] As described above, the mounting side mounting member 7b4 and the target side mounting member 7b5 are attached to the mounting member 7b3 and the foundation 2, respectively, so as to restrict relative movement between the mounting member 7b3 and the foundation 2 in the direction in which the mounting surface 7b3b1 moves away from the member side opposing surface 2a.

[0053] The surrounding member 7b6 surrounds the tensile deformation portion 7b1c so as to form a space S1 around the tensile deformation portion 7b1c to allow tensile deformation of the tensile deformation portion 7b1c. Specifically, the surrounding member 7b6 is a cylindrical member that is provided between the mounting surface 7b3b1 of the mounting portion 7b3b and the target-side mounting member 7b5, and is embedded in the concrete 2c of the foundation 2.

[0054] 1, the extension members 7b1 are attached to the beams 3. The attachment structure of the extension members 7b1 to the beams 3 will be described with reference to FIG.

[0055] The surrounding member 7b6 is fitted into a through hole 3b that penetrates the beam 3 in the second direction D2. The extension member 7b1 extends in the second direction D2 from the mounting member 7b3 through the inner cavity of the surrounding member 7b6 to the outside of the beam 3. The target-side mounting member 7b5 is threadedly engaged with the male thread of the target-side mounting portion 7b1b of the extension member 7b1 at a position on the opposite side of the beam 3 from the face material 5 in the second direction D2. As a result, the target-side mounting member 7b5 is engaged with the beam 3 and the surrounding member 7b6 so as to restrict movement of the extension member 7b1 in a direction approaching the face material 5 in the second direction D2.

[0056] When the target-side mounting member 7b5 is engaged with the beam 3 as described above, the enclosing member 7b6 can be omitted, as shown in Fig. 13. In this case, it is preferable that a space for allowing tensile deformation of the extension member 7b1 be provided between the through hole 3b of the beam 3 and the extension member 7b1. Note that even in the vibration absorber 7 attached to the foundation 2 shown in Fig. 4, the enclosing member 7b6 can be omitted when the target-side mounting member 7b5 is engaged with the concrete 2c in the second direction D2.

[0057] Furthermore, although the connection mechanism 7b attached to the foundation 2 and the beam 3 has been described above, the connection mechanism 7b can also be attached to the surface material 5 as shown in Fig. 14. Specifically, by providing the surface material 5 with an engaged portion 5d for engaging with the target-side mounting member 7b5 in the second direction D2, the connection mechanism 7b can be attached to the surface material 5 in the same way as the attachment to the beam 3 shown in Fig. 12. Note that in Fig. 14, the surrounding member 7b6 is fitted into the through hole 5d1 formed in the engaged portion 5d, but as described above, the folding surrounding member 7b6 can also be omitted.

[0058] Furthermore, although the configuration of attaching the connection mechanism 7b to the foundation 2, the beam 3, or the surface material 5 has been described, it is also possible to attach the connection mechanism 7b to both the foundation 2 and the surface material 5, and to attach the connection mechanism 7b to both the beam 3 and the surface material 5.

[0059] As described above, according to the vibration absorbing device 7, as shown in Fig. 10, the connection target member (foundation 2 or beam 3) and the vibration absorbing mechanism 7a are connected by the connection mechanism 7b having a superelastic part that stretches and deforms in the second direction D2 while generating a reaction force (+L) that is substantially the same as the first reaction force (the load corresponding to +L in Fig. 9) in the specific tension range TR regardless of the amount of tension. Therefore, in the specific tension range TR, the superelastic part can be tensile deformed in preference to the vibration absorbing mechanism 7a, and this makes it possible to equalize the load (reaction force) applied to the connection target member both during compression and tension.

[0060] Specifically, the vibration absorbing device 7 can obtain the characteristics shown in FIG. 11. FIG. 11 is a graph showing the reaction force characteristics of the vibration absorbing device 7 when a tensile load is applied, and the reaction force characteristics of the vibration absorbing device 7 when a compressive load is applied. In FIG. 11, the absolute values ​​of the tensile load and the compressive load are plotted on the vertical axis. In FIG. 11, characteristic T1 indicates the reaction force characteristics of the vibration absorbing device 7 when a tensile load is applied, characteristic T2 indicates the reaction force characteristics of the vibration absorbing device 7 when a compressive load is applied, characteristic T3 indicates the reaction force characteristics of the superelastic portion when a tensile load is applied, and characteristic T4 indicates the reaction force characteristics of a vibration absorbing device without a superelastic portion. As is clear from characteristics T1 and T2 in FIG. 11, the vibration absorbing device 7 can obtain substantially the same reaction force (a reaction force equivalent to +d) in the specific tensile range TR and the corresponding compression range.

[0061] Therefore, it is possible to avoid insufficient strength and excessive quality in buildings, and to appropriately design the strength under tension and compression.

[0062] Furthermore, the assembly mechanism 7b2 can transmit tensile force to the extension member 7b1 while restricting the transmission of compressive force to the extension member 7b1, thereby making it possible to effectively utilize the tensile properties of the superelastic portion while preventing the occurrence of adverse effects on the extension member 7b1 due to compressive force.

[0063] Specifically, because the placement surface 7b3b1 is placed on (in contact with) the component-side facing surface 2a or the panel-side facing surface 5a, it is possible to prevent a force pressing the placement surface 7b3b1 against the component-side facing surface 2a or the panel-side facing surface 5a from being transmitted as a compressive force to the extension member 7b1. Furthermore, because the extension member 7b1 has the tensile deformation portion 7b1c provided between the placement-side attachment portion 7b1a and the target-side attachment portion 7b1b, it is possible to effectively transmit a force in a direction in which the placement surface 7b3b1 moves away from the component-side facing surface 2a or the panel-side facing surface 5a to the extension member 7b1 as a tensile force on the tensile deformation portion 7b1c.

[0064] 4 and 12, even when the extension member 7b1 is enclosed in the object to be connected (the foundation 2 or the surface material 5), the vibration absorbing device 7 can form a space around the tensile deformation portion 7b1c by the surrounding member 7b6 to allow tensile deformation. Therefore, the tensile deformation portion 7b1c can be reliably tensilely deformed.

[0065] According to the vibration absorbing device 7, the extension members 7b1 are provided on both sides of the mechanism connecting portion 7b3a in the third direction D3, so that the tensile force can be transmitted in a balanced manner on both sides of the mechanism connecting portion 7b3a. Furthermore, the standing portions 7b3c to 7b3e are provided on the mounting portion 7b3b across both sides of the mechanism connecting portion 7b3a, so that the bending strength of the mounting portion 7b3b can be improved and loss of the tensile force due to bending deformation of the mounting portion 7b3b can be suppressed. Therefore, the tensile force can be transmitted in a balanced and reliable manner between the surface member 5 and the object to be connected (foundation 2 or surface member 5).

[0066] Since the entire extension member 7b1 is made of a superelastic alloy, the structure of the extension member 7b1 can be simplified compared to when a superelastic portion is provided only in a portion of the extension member 7b1. However, this does not mean that the provision of a superelastic portion in only a portion of the extension member 7b1 is excluded. For example, the elastic deformation portion 7a1e may have a superelastic portion.

[0067] Furthermore, in the vibration absorber 7, the transmission of compressive force to the extension member 7b1 is suppressed, but it is also possible to employ a configuration in which compressive force is transmitted to the extension member 7b1. [Explanation of symbols]

[0068] 1 Building 2 Foundation (an example of a facing member) 2a Opposing surface on component side 3 Beam (an example of a facing member) 3a Opposing surface on component side 5. Surface material 5a Opposite surface of face material 5c surface 6 Mounting mechanism 7. Vibration absorber 7a Vibration absorption mechanism 7b Attachment 7b1 Extension member 7b1a Mounting part on the mounting side 7b1b Target side mounting part 7b1c Tensile deformation part 7b2 Assembly mechanism 7b3 Mounting member 7b3a Mechanical connection part 7b3b Placement section 7b3b1 Placement surface 7b3c, 7b3d Standing section 7b6 Enclosing member D1 First direction D2 Second direction D3 Third Direction PR Compression Range TR specific tensile range

Claims

1. A vibration absorbing device for absorbing vibrations in a building, The building is a pair of opposing members extending in a predetermined first direction and spaced apart from each other in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the opposing members having respective member-side opposing surfaces opposing each other in the second direction; A pair of face material-side opposing surfaces that face the member-side opposing surfaces of the pair of opposing members in the second direction, and a face material having surfaces arranged along the first direction and the second direction and provided between the pair of opposing members; an attachment mechanism that attaches the face material to the pair of opposing members so that the face material-side opposing surface is inclined with respect to the member-side opposing surface when the pair of opposing members are displaced relative to each other in the first direction, The vibration absorbing device is a vibration absorbing mechanism provided between the member-side opposing surface and the face material-side opposing surface in a region where the gap between the member-side opposing surface and the face material-side opposing surface narrows when the pair of opposing members are displaced relative to one another in the first direction, and in a region where the gap between the member-side opposing surface and the face material-side opposing surface widens when the pair of opposing members are displaced relative to one another in the first direction; a connection mechanism for connecting the vibration absorbing mechanism to a connection object that is one of the pair of opposing members or the face material, the vibration absorbing mechanism has a reaction force characteristic of generating a first reaction force that is substantially constant regardless of the amount of compression in a compression range exceeding a predetermined amount of compression, and generating a second reaction force that is greater than the first reaction force in a specific tension range exceeding a predetermined tension having a displacement amount equal to and opposite to the predetermined amount of compression, The connection mechanism is a vibration absorbing device having a superelastic part made of a superelastic alloy having elongation characteristics that cause it to elongate and deform in the second direction while generating a reaction force substantially equal to the first reaction force regardless of the amount of tension within the specific tensile range.

2. 2. The vibration absorbing device of claim 1, wherein the connection mechanism comprises an extension member that is arranged across the vibration absorbing mechanism and the connection object and has the superelastic portion, and an assembly mechanism for assembling the extension member to the vibration absorbing mechanism and the connection object so as to transmit tensile force to the extension member and restrict the transmission of compressive force.

3. the assembly mechanism includes a mounting member connected to the vibration absorbing mechanism and having a mounting surface to be placed on the member-side facing surface or the face material-side facing surface of the connection object, The vibration absorbing device described in claim 2, wherein the extension member has a placement-side mounting portion and an object-side mounting portion that are attached to the placement member and the connection object, respectively, so as to restrict relative movement between the placement member and the connection object in the direction in which the placement surface moves away from the member-side opposing surface or the face material-side opposing surface, and a tensile deformation portion that is provided between the placement-side mounting portion and the object-side mounting portion and has the superelastic portion.

4. The vibration absorbing device according to claim 3 , wherein the assembly mechanism includes a surrounding member that surrounds the tensile deformation portion so as to form a space around the tensile deformation portion that allows tensile deformation of the tensile deformation portion.

5. 5. The vibration absorbing device according to claim 3, wherein the mounting member has a mechanism connection portion to which the vibration absorbing mechanism is connected, a mounting portion provided on both sides of the mechanism connection portion in a third direction perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction and having a pair of extension mounting portions to which the mounting side mounting portion can be attached and the mounting surface, and an upright portion extending from one side of the mechanism connection portion to the other side in the third direction and upright on the mounting portion.

6. 5. The vibration absorbing device according to claim 2, wherein the entire extension member is made of a superelastic alloy.

7. A building, a pair of opposing members extending in a predetermined first direction and spaced apart from each other in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the opposing members having respective member-side opposing surfaces opposing each other in the second direction; A pair of face material-side opposing surfaces that face the member-side opposing surfaces of the pair of opposing members in the second direction, and a face material having surfaces arranged along the first direction and the second direction and provided between the pair of opposing members; an attachment mechanism that attaches the face material to the pair of opposing members so that the face material-side opposing surface is inclined with respect to the member-side opposing surface when the pair of opposing members are displaced relative to each other in the first direction; A building comprising the vibration absorbing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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