Weight-type riprap leveling management system

Abstract

To provide a weight type rubble leveling management system capable of efficiently advancing the work and improving the construction accuracy when rolling and leveling the surface of a rubble mound by a weight.SOLUTION: Since the weight-type riprap leveling management system 1 includes, in addition to the total station 9 for measuring the position of the weight 2, the depth measuring system 10 for displaying the state of unevenness of the top surface 5 of the riprap mound 4 on the monitor when the top surface 5 is being rolled and leveled by the weight 2 based on information from the total station 9, the work of rolling and leveling the top surface 5 of the riprap mound 4 by the weight 2 can be carried out efficiently, and the construction accuracy (leveling accuracy) can be improved.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a weight-type rubble leveling management system that is used when compacting and leveling the surface of a rubble mound consisting of a large number of rubble piled on the bottom of a body of water. [Background technology]

[0002] Generally, in the process of constructing a rubble foundation mound made by stacking rubble as the foundation of a breakwater (for example, an inclined breakwater, a vertical breakwater, a composite breakwater, etc.), or a backfill rubble mound that forms a quay wall, underwater rubble leveling work is carried out to level the top surface and slope by rolling it. That is, for example, in the process of constructing a rubble foundation mound that will form the foundation of a breakwater, underwater rubble leveling work is carried out to level the surface by rolling it with a weight, in order to finish the height of the top surface and slope to the specified design height.

[0003] Therefore, as a conventional technology proposed as a system for managing the surface height when carrying out the above-mentioned underwater rubble leveling work, Patent Document 1 discloses a top surface leveling system that includes a distance and angle measuring instrument that is installed on land and attached to a crane barge at sea, with the lower end of the weight being placed on the top surface of the rubble foundation, measures the height of a sighting mark attached to the weight, and outputs the measured height wirelessly; an information processing device that is mounted on the crane barge and receives the measured height of the sighting mark output wirelessly by the distance and angle measuring instrument, calculates the current height of the top surface of the rubble foundation at the moment, and a remaining adjustment height, which is the difference between the current height of this top surface and a predetermined construction height for the top surface, and displays the calculated current height and remaining adjustment height on a display; and a crane that is mounted on the crane barge and hoists the weight and drops it onto the top surface. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-221285 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, the top surface leveling system described in Patent Document 1 is equipped with an information processing device that is mounted on a crane barge and receives the measured height of the sighting marker output wirelessly by a distance and angle measuring instrument, calculates the current height of the top surface of the rubble foundation at this time, and the remaining adjustment height, which is the difference between the current height of this top surface and a predetermined construction height, and displays the calculated current height and remaining adjustment height on a display.It is said that this can efficiently reduce the work time required for the process of leveling the top surface of the rubble foundation, but while the operator is using the crane to carry out the leveling work, the operator is unable to visually grasp in detail the actual detailed leveling of a section of the top surface of the rubble foundation or the unevenness of the surrounding area, so the work efficiency does not improve as intended and there is a risk that the construction accuracy (surface leveling accuracy) will also decrease, so there is room for improvement.

[0006] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a weight-bolt type rubble leveling management system that allows the work of compacting and leveling the surface of a rubble mound using a weight to proceed efficiently and improves the accuracy of construction. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] As a means for solving the above problem, the invention described in claim 1 is a weight-bolt type rubble leveling management system that is applied when using a weight to compact and level the surface of a rubble mound consisting of a large number of rubble piled on the bottom of the water, and is characterized by comprising: a total station that measures the position of the weight; and a sounding system that displays the unevenness of the surface on a monitor when the surface of the rubble mound is being compacted and leveled using the weight based on information from the total station.

[0008] In the invention of claim 1, by adopting a sounding system in addition to a total station, while the operator is using a weight to compact and level the surface of the riprap mound, the operator can visualize on the monitor the detailed leveling of a section of the riprap mound's surface (top surface and slope) and the unevenness of the surrounding area. As a result, the operator can grasp in detail on the monitor the actual detailed leveling of a section of the riprap mound's surface and the unevenness of the surrounding area. This allows the leveling work of the riprap mound's surface to proceed sequentially and quickly, and also reduces rework, thereby making the work more efficient and improving the construction accuracy.

[0009] The invention described in claim 2 is the invention of claim 1, characterized in that the monitor displays a composite image of a preliminary survey image generated based on preliminary survey data which is the result of a preliminary survey of the surface of the rubble mound, a construction plan image generated based on construction plan data which is the specified design height of the surface of the rubble mound, and a real-time image generated based on the sounding results from the sounding system while the surface of the rubble mound is being compacted and leveled.

[0010] In the invention of claim 2, the monitor of the depth measurement system displays at least a composite of a preliminary survey image, a construction plan image, and a real-time image, and by visually checking these preliminary survey image, construction plan image, and real-time image, the operator can grasp in detail the progress of work based on the construction volume (work volume) per day, the position and height of unleveled surfaces relative to the construction plan height (predetermined design height), the construction accuracy (leveling accuracy) relative to the construction plan height, etc., and based on this, the work efficiency can be further improved while further reducing rework.

[0011] The invention described in claim 3 is the invention described in claim 1, characterized in that the sounding system has an ultrasonic sensor that measures the distance to the surface of the rubble mound, and the ultrasonic sensors are arranged in multiple numbers at intervals on the work vessel. The invention described in claim 4 is characterized in that, in the invention described in claim 3, two ultrasonic sensors are arranged at a distance from each other along the width direction of the bow of the work vessel.

[0012] The premise is that a single ultrasonic sensor attached to approximately the center of the bow of a work vessel (crane vessel) in the width direction will measure depth in 1m increments within a specified range (mainly a rectangular area approximately 20m left and right x 25m front and back). However, since the ultrasonic sensor is aimed at the target measurement area from a fixed point, there is a problem that when ultrasonic waves are irradiated at an angle onto an uneven part of the surface of a rubble mound, depth data cannot be obtained for areas shaded by the uneven part (missing point), and the depth data for this missing point could only be supplemented with the depth data from nearby areas.

[0013] This problem is particularly significant when the construction position is far from the hull and the construction depth is shallow. Furthermore, in a method of acquiring sounding data from one fixed point using one ultrasonic sensor, the wider the detection area, the more measurement points there are, so sounding time takes a certain amount of time, and it is necessary to spend a lot of time waiting for soundings during construction, which could reduce work efficiency.

[0014] In view of these circumstances, the inventions of claims 3 and 4 use at least two ultrasonic sensors arranged at a distance from each other along the width of the work vessel, more specifically, at the bow, to simultaneously sound the same area, i.e., by emitting ultrasonic waves from two different points, an area that is shadowed by one ultrasonic sensor can be clearly sounded by the other ultrasonic sensor. In other words, by using at least two ultrasonic sensors simultaneously, sounding data can be obtained for an area that could not be sounded by a single ultrasonic sensor, and the unevenness of the surface of the riprap mound can be sounded and displayed in more detail and with greater accuracy.

[0015] Furthermore, during the operating time when the oscillating / receiving unit of one ultrasonic sensor is directed toward the target sounding detection area (the time when the oscillating / receiving unit is rotating and rotating (raising and lowering)), the other ultrasonic sensor can emit and receive ultrasonic waves, which leads to a reduction in sounding time and improved work efficiency.In this way, by providing at least two ultrasonic sensors, not only can the accuracy of the unevenness of the rubble mound surface be improved compared to a configuration with one ultrasonic sensor, but exceptional effects such as a reduction in sounding time can be achieved.

[0016] The invention described in claim 5 is the invention of claim 2, characterized in that the monitor of the sounding system is capable of displaying a three-dimensional image that displays the surface of the rubble mound in three dimensions, a planar two-dimensional image that displays the surface of the rubble mound in two dimensions in a planar view, and a cross-sectional two-dimensional image that displays a cross-section of the rubble mound in two dimensions.

[0017] In the invention of claim 5, the monitor of the sounding system can display three-dimensional images, two-dimensional planar images, and two-dimensional cross-sectional images, so the operator can select and display an appropriate three-dimensional image, two-dimensional planar image, or two-dimensional cross-sectional image, allowing the operator to grasp the unevenness of the surface of the rubble mound in more detail and to proceed with leveling work more efficiently. For example, if the operator wants to grasp the overall unevenness of the surface of the rubble mound, he can select a three-dimensional image, and if the operator wants to grasp in detail the unevenness positions on the plane of the surface of the rubble mound and their unevenness values ​​(height), he can select a two-dimensional planar image or a two-dimensional cross-sectional image. [Effects of the Invention]

[0018] The weight-bolt type rubble leveling management system of the present invention allows for efficient work and improved construction accuracy when compacting and leveling the surface of a rubble mound using a weight. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0019] [Figure 1]FIG. 1 is a diagram showing how the top surface of a rubble mound is compacted and leveled by a weight using a weight, using a weight-bolt-type rubble leveling management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a side view of the plumb bob. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a sounding system adopted in a weight-bolt type riprap leveling management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] Figure 4 shows the operation of the oscillator-receiver attached to the tip sensor part of the ultrasonic sensor of the sounding system adopted in the weight-bolt type rubble leveling management system according to an embodiment of the present invention, where (a) shows the tip sensor part rotating around the axial direction, and (b) shows the oscillator-receiver part rotating (rising and falling) around the support pin. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a sounding area measured by two ultrasonic sensors of a sounding system adopted in a weight-bolt type riprap leveling management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a control device for a sounding system adopted in a weight-bolt type riprap leveling management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] Figure 7 shows a three-dimensional image displayed on the monitor of a sounding system adopted in a weight-bolt type rubble leveling management system according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a three-dimensional image of the top surface of a rubble mound, which is a composite of a preliminary survey image, a construction plan image, and a real-time image. [Figure 8] Figure 8 shows a planar two-dimensional image displayed in two dimensions in a plan view of the top surface of a rubble mound, combining a preliminary survey image, a construction plan image, and a real-time image, on the monitor of a sounding system adopted in a weight-bolt-type rubble leveling management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] Figure 9 shows a two-dimensional cross-sectional image that displays a cross section of a rubble mound in two dimensions, combining a preliminary survey image, a construction plan image, and a real-time image, on the monitor of a sounding system adopted in a weight-bolt type rubble leveling management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0020] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1, a weight-bool type riprap leveling management system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied to underwater riprap leveling work in which the surface (top surface 5 and slope) of a riprap mound 4, which is made by stacking riprap as the foundation of a breakwater (for example, an inclined breakwater, an upright breakwater, a composite breakwater, etc.) is compacted and leveled with a weight 2. The weight-bool type riprap leveling management system 1 according to this embodiment is introduced in underwater riprap leveling work to improve the work efficiency and the construction accuracy (leveling accuracy) achieved by compacting the surface of the riprap mound 4.

[0021] In this underwater riprap leveling work, the control value (tolerance range) of the finished height of the surface of the riprap mound 4 relative to the planned construction height (predetermined design height) must be ±5 cm, which is a high level of precision, and it is extremely effective to apply the weight-bool type riprap leveling management system 1 according to this embodiment to this underwater riprap leveling work. Note that, for reference, in dredging work, the control value of the finished dredging depth relative to the planned construction depth (predetermined design depth) must be ±30 cm, which is a relatively low level of precision, and no complicated management system is required.

[0022] The rubble mound 4 has a trapezoidal shape in cross section along its width direction (shore-offshore direction). In this embodiment, the weight-bolt type rubble mound leveling management system 1 is applied when the rubble mound 4, particularly the top surface 5 on which a breakwater will be installed, is finished by compacting and leveling it through underwater rubble leveling work. In underwater rubble leveling work, a weight 2 suspended from a crane barge 13 (work vessel) at sea is used to compact a large number of rubble stones dropped into the construction position of the rubble mound 4 on the seabed, thereby forming the top surface 5 of the rubble mound 4. Note that in this embodiment, the weight-bolt type rubble mound leveling management system 1 according to this embodiment is applied to underwater rubble leveling work in which the weight 2 is used to compact and level the top surface 5 of the rubble mound 4. However, for example, although not shown, the weight-bolt type rubble mound leveling management system 1 according to this embodiment may also be applied to underwater rubble leveling work in which the surface of a backfill rubble mound that constitutes a quay wall is compacted and leveled.

[0023] Referring to Figure 1, the deadweight type rubble leveling management system 1 of this embodiment comprises a GPS device 8 that is installed on a crane barge 13 and processes signals received by an antenna to detect the position of the crane barge 13, an automatic tracking total station 9 (hereinafter simply referred to as the total station 9) that is installed on land and tracks and measures the position of the deadweight 2, and a depth measurement system 10 that displays the unevenness of the top surface 5 of the rubble mound 4 on a monitor 37 (see Figures 3, 7 to 9) when the top surface 5 is compacted and leveled by the deadweight 2 based on information from the total station 9.

[0024] The crane ship 13 includes a barge 14 and a crane 15 installed on the barge 14. The crane 15 includes a crane body 17 that rotates on the barge 14, an arm 18 that extends and rises from the crane body 17, and a hoisting wire 19 that hangs down from the tip of the arm 18. Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2 , the weight 2 includes a steel pipe section 22 formed by connecting multiple steel pipes in series, a roughly box-shaped rolling section 23 connected to the lower end of the steel pipe section 22, and a reflecting prism 24 provided on the upper part of the steel pipe section 22. The upper end of the steel pipe section 22 is connected to the hoisting wire 19 of the crane 15. The reflecting prism 24 receives tracking light and measurement light from the total station 9 and emits reflected light, and is the object that the total station 9 directly measures. A plurality of reflecting prisms 24 are arranged circumferentially on the outer circumferential surface of the steel pipe section 22. The plurality of reflecting prisms 24 make it possible to reflect the tracking light and measurement light from the total station 9 even when the weight 2 rotates around its axis.

[0025] Referring to Figure 1, an antenna on the crane ship 13 (barge 14) receives radio waves from a GPS satellite (positioning satellite) 27. The GPS device 8 on the crane ship 13 (barge 14) processes the signal received by the antenna to detect the position and orientation of the crane ship 13. Alternatively, the GPS device 8 may be installed on the top of the crane body 17 or arm 18, and the GPS device 8 may detect the position and orientation of the crane body 17, i.e., the arm 18. Information from the GPS device 8 is input to a compaction information processing device 29.

[0026] The total station 9 is installed on land. The total station 9 determines the distance and elevation angle relative to the multiple reflecting prisms 24 arranged on the plumb bob 2, and based on this, measures the horizontal position (coordinates) and height of the plumb bob 2. The total station 9 can measure the distance to the plumb bob 2 by emitting amplitude-modulated measurement light toward each reflecting prism 24 and measuring the phase difference between the measurement light and the reflected light reflected by each reflecting prism 24. The elevation angle relative to each reflecting prism 24 can be determined by measuring the angle of the telescope that emits the measurement light and tracking light using an encoder. The total station 9 also emits tracking light toward each reflecting prism 24 and receives the reflected light reflected by each reflecting prism 24 with an imaging element. The total station 9 is configured to track each reflecting prism 24 by controlling the horizontal and vertical angles of the telescope so that the reflected light is positioned in a predetermined area of ​​the imaging element.

[0027] Information from the total station 9 (the position and height of the weight 2) is input to a compaction information processing device 29 via a wireless LAN (in-house communication network) or the like. The compaction information processing device 29 processes information related to the compaction of the weight 2 based on information from the GPS device 8 and information from the total station 9. In more detail, the compaction information processing device 29 calculates the orientation of the compaction part 23 of the weight 2 based on the information from the GPS device 8, and also calculates the horizontal position and height of the compaction part 23 of the weight 2 based on the horizontal position (coordinates) and height of each reflecting prism 24 measured by the total station 9.

[0028] Based on the results, the monitor 30 provided in the compaction information processing device 29 displays the shape, orientation, horizontal position, and height of the compaction unit 23, as well as the difference between the leveling height and the planned construction height, in a display area showing the target area of ​​the leveling work. The compaction information processing device 29, together with the monitor 30, is located in an operation room 32 where the hoist 15 is operated. By obtaining the information on the monitor 30 of the compaction information processing device 29, the operator can roughly grasp the leveling position along the horizontal direction of the top surface 5 of the riprap mound 4, the leveling progress status (unevenness of the top surface 5), and the like, and can then operate the hoist 15 in sequence. The orientation, horizontal position, height, and other information of the compaction unit 23 of the weight 2 identified by the compaction information processing device 29 are recorded and saved in its memory unit (not shown) as construction history data. In addition, the recording section of the compaction information processing device 29 records and saves the position of the weight 2 and the leveling height as construction history data at the time when the height of the top surface 5 of the rubble mound 4 falls within the allowable error range (±5 cm) of the planned construction height, and the leveled area can be displayed on the monitor 30.

[0029] 1 and 3, the bathymetry system 10 includes two ultrasonic sensors 35, 35 attached to the barge 14 of the crane barge 13; a control device 36 having a height calculation unit 44 that calculates the height of the top surface 5 of the riprap mound 4 based on the detection results from the ultrasonic sensors 35, 35; and a monitor 37 that displays the unevenness of the top surface 5 of the riprap mound 4 based on information from the height calculation unit 44 of the control device 36. Also referring to FIG. 4, the ultrasonic sensor 35 includes an oscillator-receiver unit 40 (sensor unit) at the tip sensor unit 35A, which has both oscillator and receiver functions. Referring to FIG. 5, in this embodiment, two ultrasonic sensors 35 are attached to the bow of the crane barge 13 (work vessel) at a distance from each other in the width direction. Note that FIG. 5 shows the crane barge 13 diagrammatically. The bathymetry area measured by one ultrasonic sensor 35 is approximately 20 m forward, 20 m laterally, and 5 m rearward from the position of the ultrasonic sensor 35. For example, the ultrasonic sensor 35 may be attached so as to be able to move up and down along an H-beam welded in the vertical direction to the side of the bow, or may be attached so as to be able to move in and out of the sea from the bottom of the bow. Three or more ultrasonic sensors 35 may be attached to the crane ship 13, and it is preferable to attach at least two.

[0030] Referring to FIG. 4, the tip sensor unit 35A of the ultrasonic sensor 35 is provided with an oscillation-receiving unit 40 (sensor unit) having both the functions of an oscillation unit and a receiving unit, as described above. The oscillation-receiving unit 40 is disk-shaped and supported by support pins 41 that clamp its outer periphery. The oscillation-receiving unit 40 is supported so that it can rotate around the axial direction of the tip sensor unit 35A (see FIG. 4(a)), and so that it can rotate (raise and lower) around the support pin 41 (see FIG. 4(b)). The oscillation-receiving unit 40 is driven so that its bottom surface (sensor surface) is directed toward the target bathymetry detection area on the top surface 5 of the rubble mound 4, based on a command from a sensor operation control unit 45 of the control device 36 (described later). The rotation and rotation (raise and lower) movement of the oscillation-receiving unit 40 is digitally controlled by the sensor operation control unit 45 of the control device 36 (described later).

[0031] Then, when the operator presses a sounding start button (not shown) on the monitor 37 of the sounding system 10, each ultrasonic sensor 35, 35 starts sounding the target sounding detection area based on a command from a sensor operation control unit 45 of the control device 36 (described below). Each ultrasonic sensor 35 can sound the target sounding detection area in 1-m grids. The ultrasonic waves emitted by the oscillator-receiver unit 40 interfere with and are reflected by the top surface 5 (unevenness) of the rubble mound 4, and the reflected ultrasonic waves are received by the oscillator-receiver unit 40. The distance to the top surface 5 (unevenness) of the rubble mound 4 can be detected based on the time it takes for the ultrasonic waves to return.

[0032] Referring to Figure 5, by simultaneously using two ultrasonic sensors 35, 35 to measure the same area, it is possible to obtain sounding data in areas that could not be obtained with a single ultrasonic sensor 35, thereby enabling more detailed and accurate measurement of the unevenness of the top surface 5 of the rubble mound 4. In other words, by simultaneously using two ultrasonic sensors 35, 35 to measure the same area, it is possible to minimize the area where sounding data cannot be obtained (in Figure 5, the black area is part of the back surface of the two convexities). Furthermore, during the driving time when the oscillator-receiver 40 of one ultrasonic sensor 35 is directed toward the target sounding detection area (the time when the oscillator-receiver 40 is rotating and rotating (raising and lowering)), the other ultrasonic sensor 35 can transmit and receive ultrasonic waves, which shortens the sounding time and improves work efficiency. The tip sensor 35A of the ultrasonic sensor 35 has a built-in inclinometer (not shown). This allows the measurement results to be automatically corrected for shaking of the tip sensor part 35A of the ultrasonic sensor 35 and tilt when installed on the crane ship 13, making it possible to perform more advanced corrections, i.e., more accurate depth measurements.

[0033] 6, the control device 36 includes a height calculation unit 44 that calculates the height of the top surface of the rubble mound 4, i.e., the detailed unevenness value of the top surface 5, based on the measurement results from each ultrasonic sensor 35, 35, and a sensor operation control unit 45 that controls the operation of each ultrasonic sensor 35, i.e., ON / OFF control and the operation of the oscillation-receiving unit 40. The control device 36 and monitor 37 are located in the operation room 32 where the hoist 15 is operated. The control device 36 receives, in advance, preliminary survey data, which is the result of a preliminary survey of the top surface 5 of the rubble mound 4, and construction plan data, which is the predetermined design height of the top surface 5 of the rubble mound 4, from the operator. When the operator taps on the desired sounding detection area on the top surface 5 of the rubble mound 4 on the monitor 37, the sensor operation control unit 45 controls the rotation and pivoting (raising and lowering) operation of the oscillation-receiving unit 40 of each ultrasonic sensor 35 based on the signal. In addition, the sensor operation control unit 45 controls each ultrasonic sensor 35 to start (or stop) sounding the target sounding detection area when it detects that the operator has pressed the sounding start button (or sounding stop button) on the monitor 37.

[0034] As mentioned above, the rotation and gyration (elevation) operations of the oscillation and reception unit 40 of the ultrasonic sensor 35 are digitally controlled by the sensor operation control unit 45, so the sounding area can be set more freely than with the analog control of a typical sonar (which only controls the rotation angle and gyration (elevation) angle). This allows for a variety of soundings, such as specifying a point to measure sounding or specifying a new sounding area during sounding.

[0035] The unevenness (unevenness value) of the top surface 5 of the riprap mound 4 calculated by the height calculation unit 44 of the control device 36 is displayed as a real-time image on the monitor 37. The display format of the real-time image will be explained later. The monitor 37 is located in the operation room 32 where the crane 15 is operated. In other words, the monitor 37 of the sounding system 10 and the monitor 30 of the compaction information processing device 29 are each located in the same operation room 32. When the operator is compacting and leveling the top surface 5 of the riprap mound 4 with the weight 2, as shown in Figures 7 to 9, the monitor 37 of the sounding system 10 displays a composite image of a preliminary survey image generated based on preliminary survey data previously input to the control device 36, a construction plan image generated based on construction plan data previously input to the control device 36, and a real-time image of the unevenness of the top surface 5 of the riprap mound 4 calculated by the height calculation unit 44 of the control device 36.

[0036] The monitor 37 of the sounding system 10 can independently display a three-dimensional image that displays in three dimensions an image of the top surface 5 of the rubble mound 4 in which the preliminary survey image, the construction plan image, and the real-time image are combined, as shown in Figure 7, a planar two-dimensional image that displays in two dimensions in a plan view the top surface 5 of the rubble mound 4 in which the preliminary survey image, the construction plan image, and the real-time image are combined, as shown in Figure 8, and a cross-sectional two-dimensional image that displays in two dimensions a cross section of the rubble mound 4 in which the preliminary survey image, the construction plan image, and the real-time image are combined, as shown in Figure 9. Note that the cross-sectional two-dimensional image shown in Figure 9 displays a two-dimensional cross-sectional image along the horizontal direction of an arbitrary position along the vertical direction of the rubble mound 4 in the center of the screen. In addition, below the two-dimensional cross-sectional image, a two-dimensional longitudinal cross-sectional image is displayed that shows in two dimensions a longitudinal cross-sectional surface (A-A cross-section) along a straight line connecting any two points on the top surface 5 of the rubble mound 4 (for example, point A in Figure 9), while to the right of the two-dimensional cross-sectional image, a two-dimensional longitudinal cross-sectional image is displayed that shows in two dimensions a longitudinal cross-sectional surface (B-B cross-section) along a straight line connecting any two points on the top surface 5 of the rubble mound 4 (for example, point B in Figure 9).

[0037] 7 to 9, the preliminary survey image is displayed in white, the construction plan image is displayed in black, and the real-time image is displayed in gray, but in reality, the preliminary survey image is displayed in reddish, the construction plan image is displayed in blue, and the real-time image is displayed in white. The real-time image is an image of the unevenness value of the top surface 5, and is colored from reddish (preliminary survey image) through white to blue (construction plan image) depending on the difference in height.

[0038] As a result, for example, if the operator wants to grasp the overall image of the unevenness of the top surface 5 of the rubble mound 4, he can select the three-dimensional image shown in Figure 7 to display on the monitor 37, and if the operator wants to grasp in detail the unevenness positions on the plane of the top surface 5 of the rubble mound 4 and their unevenness values ​​(height), he can select the planar two-dimensional image shown in Figure 8 or the cross-sectional two-dimensional image shown in Figure 9.

[0039] Next, the underwater riprap leveling work using the weight-bolt type riprap leveling management system 1 according to this embodiment will be described in detail. The crane barge 13, with the weight 2 suspended from the crane 15, is pushed to the construction site by a pusher or the like. When the crane barge 13 reaches the designated construction site, it drops anchor, and while anchored, begins compaction work using the weight 2. First, the GPS device 8 and total station 9 are activated, and the orientation, horizontal position, and height of the weight 2 (compaction unit 23) are measured by the compaction information processing device 29, and the measurement results are displayed on the monitor 30 of the compaction information processing device 29 installed in the operation room 32 of the crane 15. The crane 15 is operated by an operator who has grasped the orientation, horizontal position, and height of the compaction unit 23 of the weight 2.

[0040] Then, the compaction portion 23 of the weight mass 2 reaches the horizontal position (planar position) of the target area to be compacted, which is the top surface 5 of the riprap mound 4, and the operator confirms this on the monitor 30 of the compaction information processing device 29. After that, the weight mass 2 is lifted up by the hoist 15, and the brake of the hoisting device of the hoist 15 is released, allowing the weight mass 2 to fall freely. As the weight mass 2 falls freely, the bottom surface of the compaction portion 23 collides with the target area on the top surface 5 of the riprap mound 4, and the target area on the top surface 5 of the riprap mound 4 is compacted and leveled. By repeating this lifting and free fall of the weight mass 2, the target area on the top surface 5 of the riprap mound 4 is leveled to the planned construction height (predetermined design height).

[0041] Therefore, after the compaction unit 23 of the weight 2 reaches the planar position of the target area to be compacted, which is the top surface 5 of the riprap mound 4, the operator taps the target bathymetry detection area on the monitor 37 of the bathymetry system 10. Based on this signal, the sensor operation control unit 45 of the control device 36 controls the swiveling and rotating (raising and lowering) movements of the oscillation-receiving unit 40 of each ultrasonic sensor 35, and drives the bottom surface (sensor surface) of the oscillation-receiving unit 40 of each ultrasonic sensor 35 to point toward the target bathymetry detection area on the top surface 5 of the riprap mound 4. The operator then presses a bathymetry start button (not shown) on the monitor 37 of the bathymetry system 10. This causes each ultrasonic sensor 35 to start measuring the bathymetry of the target bathymetry detection area.

[0042] Next, a preliminary survey image generated based on the preliminary survey data, a construction plan image generated based on the construction plan data, and a real-time image showing the unevenness of the top surface 5 of the riprap mound 4 calculated by the height calculation unit 44 of the control device 36 are composited and displayed on the monitor 37 of the sounding system 10. In detail, the operator can appropriately select and display on the monitor 37 of the sounding system 10 from a three-dimensional image that displays an image of the top surface 5 of the riprap mound 4 in three dimensions, in which the preliminary survey image, the construction plan image, and the real-time image are composited, a planar two-dimensional image that displays the top surface 5 of the riprap mound 4 in two dimensions in a plan view, in which the preliminary survey image, the construction plan image, and the real-time image are composited, and a cross-sectional two-dimensional image that displays a cross section of the riprap mound 4 in two dimensions, in which the preliminary survey image, the construction plan image, and the real-time image are composited.

[0043] This allows the operator to not only obtain information such as the horizontal position and height of the weight bob 2 from the total station 9, but also to visually check the preliminary survey image, the construction plan image, and the real-time image on the monitor 37 of the sounding system 10, thereby gaining a detailed understanding of the actual leveling condition (construction accuracy (leveling accuracy) relative to the construction plan height) of one section of the top surface 5 of the rubble mound, i.e., the section compacted by the weight bob 2, as well as the unevenness of the surrounding area.In addition, the operator can obtain a detailed understanding of the progress of work based on the construction volume (work volume) per day, the position and height of the unleveled surface relative to the construction plan height (predetermined design height), etc.

[0044] In the operation of compacting the top surface 5 of the rubble mound 4 by the free fall of the weight 2, the operator of the crane 15 repeats the free fall of the weight 2 until the height of the compacted portion 23 of the weight 2 displayed on the monitor 30 of the compaction information processing device 29, i.e., the target area compacted by the free fall of the weight 2, reaches within the allowable error range (±5 cm) of the planned construction height (predetermined design height). At this time, the operator confirms that the target area has reached the planned construction height (predetermined planned height) by the composite image of the pre-survey image, the planned construction image, and the real-time image displayed on the monitor 37 of the sounding system 10, in addition to the height information of the compacted portion 23 of the weight 2 displayed on the monitor 30 of the compaction information processing device 29.

[0045] In this way, the weight 2 is allowed to free fall onto the target area on the top surface 5 of the riprap mound 4 one or more times, and after confirming that the target area has reached the planned construction height (design height), the crane body 17 of the crane 15 is rotated, the weight 2 is placed at a horizontal position corresponding to the next area to be compacted, and its position is confirmed on the monitor 30 of the compaction information processing device 29. Next, as described above, the weight 2 is allowed to free fall to level and compact the next target area on the top surface 5 of the riprap mound 4, while checking the height information of the weight 2, etc. on the monitor 30 of the compaction information processing device 29, and the image displayed on the monitor 37 of the sounding system 10, which is a composite of the pre-survey image, the construction plan image, and the real-time image, is confirmed. This operation and confirmation work is repeated over the entire top surface 5 of the riprap mound 4, until the entire top surface 5 of the riprap mound 4 is leveled to the planned construction height (predetermined design height).

[0046] As described above, the weight-bool type riprap leveling management system 1 according to this embodiment is equipped with, in addition to the total station 9, the sounding system 10, which displays the unevenness of the top surface 5 of the riprap mound 4 on the monitor 37. As a result, the operator can check the horizontal position and height information of the weight 2 on the monitor 30 of the compaction information processing device 29, while checking the monitor 37 of the sounding system 10 to grasp in detail the actual detailed leveling of one section of the top surface 5 of the riprap mound 4 and the unevenness of the surrounding area. This allows the operator to obtain information such as the detailed leveling that is difficult to grasp using only the total station 9, and therefore the leveling work of the top surface 5 of the riprap mound 4 can be carried out sequentially and quickly while minimizing rework, thereby enabling the work to be carried out efficiently and improving the construction accuracy (leveling accuracy).

[0047] Furthermore, in the sounding system 10 employed in the weight-bolt type riprap leveling management system 1 according to this embodiment, the operator can visually check the preliminary survey image, the construction plan image, and the real-time image of the top surface 5 of the riprap mound 4 on the monitor 37, and thereby grasp in detail various leveling conditions, such as the progress of work based on the construction volume (work volume) per day, the position and height of the unleveled area on the plane relative to the construction plan height (predetermined design height), and the construction accuracy (leveling accuracy) relative to the construction plan height. By grasping these, the work efficiency can be further improved while further reducing rework.

[0048] Furthermore, the depth measurement system 10 adopted in the weight-type rubble leveling management system 1 of this embodiment is equipped with two ultrasonic sensors 35, 35, which not only improves the accuracy of measuring the unevenness of the top surface 5 of the rubble mound 4 compared to a configuration equipped with one ultrasonic sensor 35, but also provides exceptional effects such as shortening the depth measurement time.

[0049] Furthermore, the sounding system 10 adopted in the weight-type rubble leveling management system 1 of this embodiment is capable of displaying three-dimensional images, two-dimensional planar images, and two-dimensional cross-sectional images on its monitor 37, so the operator can select and display an appropriate three-dimensional image, two-dimensional planar image, or two-dimensional cross-sectional image.As a result, the operator can grasp the unevenness of the top surface 5 of the rubble mound 4 in more detail, further reducing rework and enabling the leveling work to proceed more efficiently.

[0050] In the above explanation, the weight-bool type riprap leveling management system 1 according to this embodiment is applied when compacting and leveling the top surface 55 of the riprap mound 4 with the weight bob 2, but it goes without saying that the weight-bool type riprap leveling management system 1 according to this embodiment may also be applied when compacting and leveling the slope of the riprap mound 4. When leveling the slope of the riprap mound 4, the structure of the weight, etc. differs from the structure of the weight 2 shown in Figure 2, and a slope leveling machine designed specifically for slopes is used. [Explanation of symbols]

[0051] 1. Weight-based rubble leveling management system, 2. Weight, 4. Rubble mound, 5. Top surface (surface), 9. Total station, 10. Depth measurement system, 13. Crane barge (work boat), 35. Ultrasonic sensor, 37. Monitor

Claims

1. A weight-bolt type rubble leveling management system that is used when leveling the surface of a rubble mound consisting of a large number of rubble piled up on the bottom of a body of water by rolling it with a weight, a total station for measuring the position of the weight; a sounding system that displays the unevenness of the surface of the rubble mound on a monitor when the surface is being compacted and leveled by the weight based on information from the total station; A weight-bolt type rubble leveling management system comprising:

2. The monitor includes: a preliminary survey image generated based on preliminary survey data that is a preliminary survey result of the surface of the rubble mound; A construction plan image generated based on construction plan data that is a predetermined design height of the surface of the rubble mound; a real-time image generated based on the sounding results by the sounding system while the surface of the rubble mound is being compacted and leveled; The weight-bolt type rubble leveling management system according to claim 1, characterized in that the following are synthesized and displayed:

3. 2. The plumb bob type rubble leveling management system according to claim 1, wherein the sounding system has an ultrasonic sensor for measuring the distance to the surface of the rubble mound, and the ultrasonic sensor is arranged at intervals on the work vessel.

4. 4. A plumb boulder type rubble leveling management system according to claim 3, wherein two ultrasonic sensors are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the bow of the work vessel.

5. 3. The weight-bolt type rubble leveling management system according to claim 2, characterized in that the monitor of the sounding system is capable of displaying a three-dimensional image showing the surface of the rubble mound in three dimensions, a planar two-dimensional image showing the surface of the rubble mound in two dimensions in a plan view, and a cross-sectional two-dimensional image showing a cross-section of the rubble mound in two dimensions.

Images