Methods for evaluating the performance of views, design support methods, and buildings

Abstract

The objective is to provide a method for evaluating the view performance from a building's windows with greater accuracy, as well as a design support method and a building that utilize the aforementioned view performance evaluation method. [Solution] A method for evaluating the view performance from a window of a building, comprising: a surrounding building distance measurement step S1 which measures the shortest distance from a predetermined position inside the building to surrounding buildings visible through the window; a window ratio calculation step S2 which calculates the proportion of the direction passing through the window out of all three-dimensional directions centered on the predetermined position; and an evaluation step S3 which evaluates the view performance based on the shortest distance measured in the surrounding building distance measurement step S1 and the proportion of the direction passing through the window calculated in the window ratio calculation step S2.

Description

Technical Field

[0006] , ,

[0005] , ,

[0007] , ,

[0001] The present invention relates to a view performance evaluation method, a design support method, and a building.

Background Art

[0002] In buildings such as medium-sized office buildings where surrounding buildings are close, it is required to install windows with high view performance that can enhance daylighting while avoiding alignment (the line of sight of people in the building coincides with the line of sight of people in the surrounding buildings).

[0003] In order to enable the design of a building having windows considering view performance, for example, as described in Patent Document 1, a method for evaluating the view performance from the windows of a building has been studied.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] However, with the above conventional method, the view performance from the windows of a building cannot be evaluated sufficiently accurately, and there is room for improvement in this regard.

[0006] The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an object thereof is to provide a view performance evaluation method capable of more accurately evaluating the view performance from the windows of a building, a design support method using the view performance evaluation method, and a building.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0007] The present invention relates to a method for evaluating the view performance from a window of a building, and is characterized by comprising: a surrounding building distance measurement step of measuring the shortest distance from a predetermined position inside the building to surrounding buildings visible through the window; a window ratio calculation step of calculating the proportion of the direction passing through the window out of all three-dimensional directions centered on the predetermined position; and an evaluation step of evaluating the view performance based on the shortest distance measured in the surrounding building distance measurement step and the proportion of the direction passing through the window calculated in the window ratio calculation step.

[0008] The present invention provides a design support method for a building comprising a shielding section and a pair of windows arranged above and below the shielding section, characterized in that the position and area of ​​the shielding section and the pair of windows are set using the view performance evaluation obtained by the view performance evaluation method described above.

[0009] The building of the present invention is characterized by having the shielding section and a pair of windows designed using the above-described design support method. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a view performance evaluation method that can evaluate the view performance from the windows of a building with greater accuracy, a design support method that utilizes the view performance evaluation method, and a building. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0011] [Figure 1] This figure shows the positional relationship between the building being evaluated and surrounding buildings in the view performance evaluation method according to one embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] This diagram shows the shape of the windows located on the front side of the building. [Figure 3] This diagram shows the configuration of windows on both sides of a building. [Figure 4] This is a flowchart illustrating the method for evaluating the view performance according to this embodiment. [Figure 5]This diagram shows, in plan view, the shortest distance from a designated location inside a building to surrounding buildings visible through a window. [Figure 6] This diagram shows the shortest distance, viewed from a designated location inside the building, to surrounding buildings as seen through a window on the front of the building, in a side view. [Figure 7] This diagram shows the shortest distance from a designated location inside the building to surrounding buildings visible through windows on both sides of the building, in a side view. [Figure 8] This diagram shows a plan view of the direction passing through a window, centered on a specific location inside the building. [Figure 9] This diagram shows a side view of the direction passing through a window located on the front of the building, centered on a designated location inside the building. [Figure 10] This diagram shows a side view of the direction through windows located on both sides of a building, centered on a predetermined location inside the building. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0012] The following describes in detail, with reference to the drawings, a method for evaluating the view performance, a design support method, and a building according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0013] As shown in Figure 1, the building 1 to be evaluated by the view performance evaluation method according to one embodiment of the present invention is a medium-sized office building with multiple floors, and there are multiple other buildings, i.e., multiple surrounding buildings 2, in its vicinity. The multiple surrounding buildings 2 are, for example, medium-sized office buildings with multiple floors, accommodation facilities, mixed-use facilities, and multi-tenant buildings, but are not limited to these. The front 1a of building 1 faces the multiple surrounding buildings 2 across road 3, and both sides 1b of building 1 face the multiple surrounding buildings 2 across the corresponding roads 4 to 5. However, the front 1a and both sides 1b of building 1 may face the surrounding buildings 2 without being separated by roads 3 and roads 4 to 5, respectively.

[0014] As shown in the cross-section in plan view in FIG. 1, in the room 6 on a predetermined floor of the building 1, there are provided a plurality of windows 7 facing the front 1a side, a plurality of windows 8 facing the sides of both side surfaces 1b, and a plurality of windows 9 straddling the corners of the front 1a and both side surfaces 1b and the corner of one side surface 1b and the rear surface 1c.

[0015] As shown in FIG. 2, the plurality of windows 7 facing the front 1a side of the building 1 each have a vertically long shape (slit shape) in which the vertical dimension is larger than the horizontal dimension. The wall 6a on the front 1a side of the room 6 between adjacent windows 7 has a rectangular plate shape with a larger horizontal dimension than the window 7. These walls 6a are opaque and are configured such that the surrounding building 2 cannot be visually recognized from the inside of the room 6 through the wall 6a. Thus, the plurality of windows 7 provided on the front 1a side of the building 1 are vertically long limited openings that take into account the balance with the surrounding building 2 facing the front 1a side while ensuring lighting.

[0016] As shown in FIG. 3, the plurality of windows 8 facing the sides of both side surfaces 1b of the building 1 each have a horizontally long shape in which the vertical dimension is smaller than the horizontal dimension. More specifically, on the wall 6b facing the side surface 1b of the building 1 of the room 6, a pair of columns 6c are provided along the wall 6b, and between these pair of columns 6c, a horizontally extending horizontally long wall-like shielding portion 6d is provided at an intermediate position in the vertical direction of the columns 6c. And above and below the shielding portion 6d, two windows 8 are arranged side by side horizontally with the partition portion 6e interposed therebetween. Note that the number of windows 8 arranged between the pair of columns 6c is not limited to two and can be appropriately changed. The wall 6b, the columns 6c, and the shielding portion 6d are each opaque and are configured such that the surrounding building 2 cannot be visually recognized from the inside of the room 6 through the wall 6b, the columns 6c, or the shielding portion 6d. Thus, the plurality of windows 8 provided on the sides of both side surfaces 1b of the building 1 ensure lighting, take into account the balance with the surrounding building 2 facing the sides of both side surfaces 1b, and are open openings of horizontally connected windows arranged like high windows and ground windows above and below the shielding portion 6d.

[0017] The shielding portion 6d may be an amenity wall that can be used as a whiteboard, a magnetic board, a projector screen, or the like. With this configuration, while suppressing the visual balance with the surrounding building 2 in the room 6 by providing the shielding portion 6d, the shielding portion 6d can be used for various purposes.

[0018] As shown in FIG. 4, the view performance evaluation method according to an embodiment of the present invention is a view performance evaluation method for evaluating the view performance from the windows 7, 8, and 9 of the building 1. As shown in FIG. 1, the view performance evaluation method according to the present embodiment includes a surrounding building distance measurement step S1, a window ratio calculation step S2, and an evaluation step S3.

[0019] As shown in FIGS. 5, 6, and 7, first, in the surrounding building distance measurement step S1, the shortest distance from a predetermined position 10 inside the building 1, that is, in the room 6, to the surrounding building 2 visible through each of the windows 7, 8, and 9 is measured. The predetermined position 10 may be set inside the room 6, at a position that is separated from each of the windows 7, 8, and 9 by a predetermined distance and at a predetermined height from the floor.

[0020] As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the shortest distance from the predetermined position 10 to the surrounding building 2 visible through the window 7 on the front side 1a of the building 1 may be measured as the distance between the predetermined position 10 and the surrounding building 2 in the direction D1 facing the portion of the surrounding building 2 visible through the window 7 and closest to the predetermined position 10. In the present embodiment, since a plurality (six) of windows 7 are provided on the front side 1a of the building 1, the shortest distance from the predetermined position 10 to the surrounding building 2 visible through each window 7 is measured individually for each window 7.

[0021] Similarly, as shown in Figures 5 and 7, the shortest distance from a predetermined position 10 to a surrounding building 2 visible through the windows 8 on both sides 1b of the building 1 can be measured by measuring the distance between the predetermined position 10 and the surrounding building 2 in directions D2 and D3 that point towards the part of the surrounding building 2 closest to the predetermined position 10 as seen from the windows 8. In this embodiment, since multiple (four) windows 8 are provided on each side 1b of the building 1, the shortest distance from the predetermined position 10 to the surrounding building 2 as seen through the window 8 is measured individually for each window 8.

[0022] The shortest distance from the designated position 10 to the surrounding building 2, visible through the window 9 of building 1, can be measured in the same manner as described above.

[0023] Next, as shown in Figures 8, 9, and 10, in the window ratio calculation step S2, the proportion of the three-dimensional directions centered on the predetermined position 10 that are occupied by the directions passing through each of the windows 7, 8, and 9 is calculated. The predetermined position 10 is the same position as the predetermined position 10 used in the surrounding building distance measurement step S1.

[0024] As shown in Figures 8 and 9, the directions passing through the window 7, centered on the predetermined position 10, are directions that fall within the range A1, where the vertical dimension is greater than the horizontal dimension corresponding to the vertical slit shape of the window 7. The proportion of the total three-dimensional directions centered on the predetermined position 10 that each window 7 passes through can be calculated as the proportion of the area of ​​each window 7 that occupies the total 360-degree field of view centered on the predetermined position 10. In this embodiment, since there are multiple (six) windows 7 on the front 1a side of the building 1, the proportion of the directions passing through each window 7 is calculated individually for each window 7.

[0025] Similarly, as shown in Figures 8 and 10, the directions passing through the window 8 with respect to the predetermined position 10 are directions that fall within the range A2 where the vertical dimension is smaller than the horizontal dimension corresponding to the horizontal shape of the window 8. The proportion of the total three-dimensional directions centered on the predetermined position 10 that are occupied by the directions passing through each window 8 can be calculated as the proportion of the area of ​​each window 8 to the total 360-degree field of view in three dimensions centered on the predetermined position 10. In this embodiment, since multiple (four) windows 8 are provided on each side 1b of the building 1, the proportion of the directions passing through each window 8 is calculated individually for each window 8.

[0026] The proportion of each window 9 that passes through each of the three-dimensional directions centered on the predetermined position 10 can be calculated in the same manner as above, based on range A3.

[0027] The above-mentioned shortest distance measurements and the proportions occupied by directions passing through each of the windows 7, 8, and 9 may be measured, for example, using a 3D city model installed on a computer (e.g., "PLATEAU" from the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism), or using models of building 1 and several surrounding buildings 2.

[0028] Once the surrounding building distance measurement process S1 and the window ratio calculation process S2 are completed, the evaluation process S3 is performed next.

[0029] In evaluation step S3, the view performance is evaluated based on the shortest distance measured in the surrounding building distance measurement step S1 and the proportion of the direction passing through windows 7, 8, and 9 calculated in the window ratio calculation step S2. The view performance is evaluated individually for each of windows 7, 8, and 9 of building 1.

[0030] In the view evaluation in evaluation step S3, the shorter the shortest distance from the predetermined position 10 measured in the surrounding building distance measurement step S1 to the surrounding buildings visible through windows 7, 8, and 9, the higher the quality of the view and the higher the evaluation. Also, in the view evaluation in evaluation step S3, the larger the proportion of the view taken by the direction passing through windows 7, 8, and 9 calculated in the window ratio calculation step S2, the greater the amount of view, and the higher the amount of natural light and sense of openness, and the higher the evaluation. In the view evaluation in evaluation step S3, the view performance of each window 7, 8, and 9 is evaluated by comprehensively considering the evaluation based on the shortest distance measured in the surrounding building distance measurement step S1 and the evaluation based on the proportion of the view taken by the direction passing through windows 7, 8, and 9 calculated in the window ratio calculation step S2. In this case, the evaluation based on the shortest distance measured in the surrounding building distance measurement step S1 may be expressed as a score according to a predetermined standard, and the evaluation based on the proportion of the direction passing through windows 7, 8, and 9 calculated in the window proportion calculation step S2 may be expressed as a score according to a predetermined standard, and the view evaluation may be evaluated as a quantitative score based on the sum or cumulative value of these scores. The view evaluation in evaluation step S3 may be performed automatically on the computer that performed the measurement of the shortest distance and the calculation of the proportion of the direction passing through windows 7, 8, and 9.

[0031] Thus, according to the view performance evaluation method of this embodiment, the view performance from each of the windows 7, 8, and 9 of building 2 is evaluated based on the shortest distance measured in the surrounding building distance measurement step S1 and the proportion of the direction passing through windows 7, 8, and 9 calculated in the window ratio calculation step S2. Therefore, the view performance from windows 7, 8, and 9 can be evaluated with greater accuracy than conventional methods.

[0032] Next, a design support method relating to one embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0033] The design support method according to this embodiment is a design support method that supports the design of a building 1 having a shielding section 6d and a pair of windows 8 arranged above and below the shielding section 6d. The building 1 according to this embodiment has a shielding section 6d and a pair of windows 8 designed using the design support method according to this embodiment.

[0034] In the design support method according to this embodiment, when designing building 1, the design of building 1 is supported by setting the position and area of ​​the shading section 6d and the pair of upper and lower windows 8 provided on both sides 1b of building 1, using the results of the view performance evaluation obtained by the view performance evaluation method according to this embodiment described above. More specifically, when providing windows 8 on both sides 1b of building 1, the position and area of ​​the shading section 6d and windows 8 that can obtain good daylighting while suppressing the view from surrounding buildings 2 are set by using the results of the view performance evaluation obtained by the view performance evaluation method according to this embodiment described above.

[0035] Thus, according to the design support method of this embodiment, the position and area of ​​the shading section 6d and the pair of upper and lower windows 8 provided on both sides 1b of the building 1 are set using the view performance evaluation obtained by the view performance evaluation method of this embodiment described above. This makes it possible to determine whether to suppress the view of surrounding buildings and ensure sufficient natural light when designing the building 1, and reduces the effort required to verify the view and natural light using a model.

[0036] Furthermore, according to the design support method of this embodiment, even when the design, position, size, etc., of the shielding section 6d and the window 8 are changed, it is possible to easily verify that both the suppression of the view with the surrounding building 2 and the ability to provide natural light can be achieved, thereby reducing the effort required to verify the view and natural light using a model.

[0037] The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and it goes without saying that various modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the invention.

[0038] For example, in the view performance evaluation method according to the above embodiment, a certain point inside room 6 of building 1 is designated as a predetermined position 10, and the view performance from windows 7, 8, and 9 is evaluated based on this predetermined position 10. However, predetermined positions 10 may be set sequentially at multiple locations in room 6, and the shortest distance from each predetermined position 10 to the surrounding building 2 visible through windows 7, 8, and 9 is measured based on that predetermined position 10, and the proportion occupied by the direction passing through windows 7, 8, and 9 is calculated. The view performance from windows 7, 8, and 9 may then be evaluated based on the average value of the multiple measured shortest distances and the average value of the calculated proportion occupied by the direction passing through windows 7, 8, and 9. [Explanation of symbols]

[0039] Building 1 1a front 1b side 1c back 2. Surrounding buildings 3 road 4 road 5 road 6 rooms 6a Wall 6b wall 6c pillar 6d shielding part 7 windows 8 windows 9 windows D1 direction D2 direction D3 direction A1 Range A2 Range A3 range

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the view performance from a building window, A surrounding building distance measurement step, which measures the shortest distance from a predetermined position inside the building to surrounding buildings visible through the window, A window ratio calculation step that calculates the proportion of the direction passing through the window out of all three-dimensional directions centered on the predetermined position, A method for evaluating view performance, characterized by comprising: an evaluation step of evaluating the view performance based on the shortest distance measured in the surrounding building distance measurement step and the proportion occupied by the direction passing through the window calculated in the window proportion calculation step.

2. A design support method for assisting in the design of a building comprising a shielding section and a pair of windows arranged above and below the shielding section, A design support method characterized by setting the position and area of ​​the shading portion and the pair of windows by utilizing the view performance evaluation obtained by the view performance evaluation method described in claim 1.

3. A building characterized by having the shielding portion and a pair of windows designed using the design support method described in claim 2.

Images