Method for replacing deck slabs and device for removing deck slabs

Abstract

This invention proposes a bridge deck replacement method and deck removal device that shorten the construction period by easily removing the existing deck during bridge deck replacement work. [Solution] A deck slab peeling device 200 used when cutting a divided deck slab formed by cutting an existing deck slab from the main girder, comprising a main body 201 having a length greater than the width of the divided deck slab, support parts 202, 202 provided at both ends of the lower surface of the main body 201, a jack 203 disposed on the upper surface of the main body 201, a jack mounting member 204 connecting the divided deck slab and the jack, and wheels 206 provided on the left and right sides of the front and rear of the main body 201, respectively. The wheels 206 are vertically movable relative to the main body 201, and are provided such that when raised, the height of the lower end is higher than the lower surface of the support part 202, and when lowered, the height of the lower end is lower than the lower surface of the support part 202.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a floor slab replacement method and a floor slab peeling device.

Background Art

[0002] In a road bridge, the bridge may be repaired by a floor slab replacement work for replacing a deteriorated floor slab due to aging or the like. In the floor slab replacement work, after removing the existing floor slab, a new precast floor slab is laid repeatedly to replace the floor slab in a predetermined range.

[0003] The existing floor slab is continuous in the bridge axis direction and is provided in a state joined to the main girder. Therefore, in the floor slab replacement work, it is necessary to cut the existing floor slab into a shape that can be lifted and separate it from the main girder. At this time, it is necessary to perform the work carefully so that the main girder used as a support member for the new floor slab is not damaged.

[0004] As a method of cutting the floor slab and separating it from the main girder, for example, in Patent Document 1, a floor slab cutting and separating system is disclosed in which a wire saw is used to move the wire saw along the main girder below the existing floor slab to separate the existing floor slab from the main girder.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0005] y

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0006] Cutting of an existing floor slab using a wire saw requires arranging the wire saw around the cutting surface. Therefore, in work at a high place such as a road bridge, it is laborious, such as securing a scaffold. The present invention aims to propose a bridge deck replacement method and a bridge deck removal device that shorten the construction period by easily removing the existing bridge deck during bridge deck replacement work. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The present invention provides a method for replacing a deck slab in a predetermined section, which involves repeatedly performing the following steps: a deck slab cutting step of cutting the existing deck slab at the construction site to divide it into multiple divided deck slabs; a deck slab peeling step of removing the divided deck slabs from the main girders; a deck slab removal step of removing the divided deck slabs using a transport device; a deck slab delivery step of bringing in a new deck slab; and a deck slab laying step of laying the new deck slabs in the positions where the divided deck slabs were removed using the transport device; thereby replacing the existing deck slabs laid in a predetermined section with new deck slabs. In the deck cutting process, a drilling operation is performed to form a pair of through holes in the existing deck near the main girder and at positions opposite the main girder, a thickness confirmation operation is performed to confirm the thickness of the existing deck above the main girder using the through holes, and a cutting operation is performed to form a divided deck by cutting the existing deck from the top surface with a cutting depth corresponding to the thickness of the existing deck. In the deck peeling process, a peeling operation is performed to lift the divided deck and separate it from the main girder.

[0008] Furthermore, the slab removal device of the present invention is used when cutting a divided slab formed by cutting an existing slab from the main girder, and comprises a main body having a length greater than the width of the divided slab, support parts provided at both ends of the lower surface of the main body, a jack disposed on the upper surface of the main body, a jack mounting member connecting the divided slab and the jack, and wheels provided on the left and right sides of the front and rear of the main body, respectively. The wheels are movable up and down relative to the main body, and are positioned such that when raised, the height of the lower end is higher than the lower surface of the support part, and when lowered, the height of the lower end is lower than the lower surface of the support part.

[0009] If the main body consists of a pair of U-shaped steel members arranged side by side with a gap between them, their outer web surfaces facing each other, then the jack mounting member should be inserted through the gap between the steel members. Furthermore, it is desirable that the wheel and the main body be connected by connecting steel members extending laterally from the side surface of the main body.

[0010] According to this deck slab replacement method and deck slab peeling device, the existing deck slab is cut from the top surface using a concrete cutter or the like, making it easier to cut the existing deck slab compared to using a wire saw. Furthermore, since the cutting work can be performed with a cutting depth corresponding to the thickness of the existing deck slab, it is possible to prevent damage to the main girders below the existing deck slab. When separating the existing deck slab from the main girders by cutting the bottom of the deck slab above the main girders using a wire saw, a part of the existing deck slab remains on the top surface of the main girders, making its removal work time-consuming. On the other hand, according to the present invention, since the divided deck slab is peeled away from the main girders by being pulled upward using the deck slab peeling device, the cleaning work on the top surface of the main girders can be minimized. The deck slab peeling device makes it possible to peel away the divided deck slab from the main girders by pulling it up from the main body, which is positioned to straddle the divided deck slab, using jacks. In addition, since the deck slab peeling device has wheels, it is possible to move and install the deck slab peeling device without requiring a lifting machine, and work can be done even in narrow construction spaces.

[0011] Furthermore, the floor slab replacement method comprises a second drilling operation in which holes are drilled in the divided floor slab to form a plurality of jack mounting holes, and a jack mounting operation in which mounting members extending from jacks positioned above the divided floor slab are inserted into the jack mounting holes and secured to the bottom surface of the divided floor slab, and it is desirable to use the jacks to lift the divided floor slab during the peeling operation. [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] According to the deck slab replacement method and deck slab removal device of the present invention, the existing deck slab can be easily cut and removed in road bridge deck slab replacement work, thereby enabling a reduction in construction period.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0013] [Figure 1] A cross-sectional view showing a bridge, where (a) is before the replacement of the floor slab and (b) is after the replacement of the floor slab. [Figure 2] A flowchart showing the procedure of the floor slab replacement method according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] A plan view showing an example of a construction yard. [Figure 4] A view showing an example of the arrangement of through holes formed in an existing floor slab, where (a) is a cross-sectional view and (b) is a plan view. [Figure 5] A cross-sectional view showing the cutting operation in the floor slab cutting process. [Figure 6] An explanatory view of the device assembly process. [Figure 7] A perspective view showing a conveying device. [Figure 8] A perspective view showing the peeling operation. [Figure 9] A perspective view showing a floor slab peeling device. [Figure 10] An explanatory view of the device installation process and the floor slab loading process. [Figure 11] A front view showing a lifter. [Figure 12] A plan view showing the laying situation of a newly installed floor slab member. [Figure 13] A plan view showing the installation situation of a joint temporary cover. [Figure 14] A view showing a joint temporary cover, where (a) is a cross-sectional view, (b) is a perspective view seen from above, and (c) is an enlarged perspective view of the end. [Figure 15] (a) is a perspective view showing the installation situation of a gap filling member, and (b) is a cross-sectional view of the gap filling member.

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0014] In this embodiment, a case where the bridge 1 is repaired by replacing the floor slab 2 in an existing road bridge will be described. FIG. 1(a) shows the floor slab 2 before replacement, and (b) shows the bridge 1 after the floor slab replacement. In the floor slab replacement method of this embodiment, the existing floor slab 3 (see FIG. 1(a)) is replaced with the newly installed floor slab 20 (see FIG. 1(b)) in a state where one of the multiple lanes on one side (two lanes on one side in this embodiment) is traffic-restricted for several days, and the floor slab is replaced by repeating the construction period for this work and the opening period for releasing the traffic restriction and opening the road. During the construction period, the remaining lanes without traffic restriction are opened to traffic so that general vehicles can run.

[0015] The floor slab replacement work shall start from the center of the construction target location (for example, the center of the bridge) and proceed in the longitudinal direction of the bridge axis. When resuming the construction period with an opening period in between, the work shall resume from a position adjacent to the previous construction location. In this embodiment, "front" and "rear" are based on the vehicle traveling direction when the lane including the construction target location is opened to traffic. The vehicle traveling direction is "front" and the opposite direction is "rear".

[0016] FIG. 2 shows the procedure of the floor slab replacement method of this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, the floor slab replacement method of this embodiment includes a traffic restriction step S1, a floor slab cutting step S2, a device assembly step S3, a floor slab peeling step S4, a device installation step S5, a floor slab搬出 step S6, a floor slab搬入 step S7, a floor slab laying step S8, a device disassembly step S9, a device搬出 step S10, a temporary cover step S11, a gap filling step S12, a paving step S13, and a restriction release step S14. In this embodiment, weekdays from Monday to Friday are set as the construction period, and Saturdays and Sundays are set as the opening period, and a case where predetermined work (steps) are performed for each day of the week during the construction period will be described. The number of days of the construction period and the opening period is not limited and may be determined as appropriate. For example, during the Obon or New Year period, it may be an opening period even on weekdays. Also, when there are consecutive holidays on Saturdays and Sundays, a continuous period of three or more days including Saturdays, Sundays, and holidays may be set as the opening period.

[0017] <Preparation Day> In this embodiment, the first day of the construction period (Monday) is designated as a preparation day, during which preparations for deck replacement are carried out. On the preparation day in this embodiment, the traffic control process S1, deck cutting process S2, equipment assembly process S3, deck stripping process S4, and equipment installation process S5 are performed.

[0018] In traffic control process S1, as shown in Figure 3, traffic control is implemented to ensure that construction yard A1, which includes the construction site A2, is available during the construction period, and to prevent general vehicles from entering construction yard A1. Figure 3 is a plan view showing an overview of the traffic control situation. As shown in Figure 3, the traffic control restricts one lane out of multiple lanes on one side (two lanes in Figure 3). A predetermined length of space is secured before and after the construction site A2.

[0019] In the slab cutting process S2, the existing slab 3 is cut at the construction site to divide it into multiple strip-shaped divided slabs 31, 31, ... In this embodiment, the existing slab 3 is supported by the main girder 4, as shown in Figure 1(a), and a wall parapet 5 is integrally formed at the side end of the road (left end in the direction of travel). In the slab cutting process S2, the slab portion of the existing slab 3 and the wall parapet 5 (existing wall parapet 50) are cut. In this embodiment, six strip-shaped divided slabs 31 are formed to be removed during the construction period. Note that the number of divided slabs 31 to be removed during the construction period is not limited.

[0020] In the deck cutting process S2, first, pavement removal work is performed to cut and remove the pavement 6 on the surface of the existing deck slab 3. Pavement removal is performed only on the area to which the existing deck slab 3 (divided deck slab 31) will be removed during the construction period. In the pavement removal work, the pavement is cut using a cutter or the like, and then crushed and removed using a breaker or heavy machinery. The pavement may also be removed using a cutting machine. The pavement rubble (asphalt rubble) generated during the pavement removal work is transported away as waste. If there are joint temporary covers 400 (see Figure 13) and gap-filling members 500 (see Figure 15) that were installed during the previous construction period, they are removed.

[0021] Next, core drilling is performed on the existing deck slab 3 to create multiple through-holes 32. Figure 4 shows the through-holes 32 formed in the existing deck slab 3. In the drilling work, as shown in Figure 4(a), a pair of through-holes 32, 32 are formed in the existing deck slab 3 near each main girder 4 and at positions opposite each other on either side of the main girder 4 (first drilling work). As shown in Figure 4(b), the through-holes 32 are formed on a straight line along the cut surface 34 of the divided deck slab 31. Furthermore, jack mounting holes 33 for attaching jigs when lifting the divided deck slab 31 are formed at predetermined positions (second drilling work). Multiple jack mounting holes 33 are formed in the center of the divided deck slab 31 in the width direction (road direction). The second drilling work may also be performed in the deck slab peeling process S4. Furthermore, if the through-hole 32 formed near the main girder 4 is far from the wall railing 5, an additional through-hole 32 may be formed near the wall railing 5 through which a wire saw WS (see Figure 5) can be inserted.

[0022] Next, a thickness confirmation operation is performed using the through-holes 32 to check the thickness of the existing floor slab 3 above the main girder 4, followed by a cutting operation to cut the existing floor slab 3 to form the divided floor slab 31. Figure 5 shows the cutting operation. The floor slab portion of the existing floor slab 3 is cut from the top surface of the existing floor slab 3 using a cutter C, as shown in Figure 5. The cutter C is moved from one through-hole 32 to the other through-hole 32. Above the main girder 4, the cutting is performed by moving the cutter C from one through-hole 32 to the other through-hole 32, with a cutting depth (= less than the thickness of the existing floor slab 3) corresponding to the thickness of the existing floor slab 3 above the main girder 4 confirmed by the thickness confirmation operation. In addition, the wall railing 5 (existing wall railing 50) is cut using the wire saw WS installed around the wall railing 5 using the through-holes 32 formed near the wall railing 5.

[0023] In the equipment assembly process S3, the transport device 100 is brought into the construction yard A1 and assembled at a location away from the construction site A2 within the construction yard A1. The equipment assembly process S3 can be performed in parallel with the deck cutting process S2. In this embodiment, we will describe the case in which two transport devices 100, 100, which are arranged side by side in the bridge axis direction, are used to transport out the existing deck slab 3 (divided deck slab 31) and lay the new deck slab members 21. Figure 6 shows the equipment assembly process S3. As shown in Figure 6, the first (one of the) transport devices 100 (a transport device arranged on the front side in the direction of vehicle travel of the lane including the construction site A2) is brought in from the front of the construction yard A1 (the front end in this embodiment) using a transport vehicle V1 and assembled in front of the construction site A2. Furthermore, the second (other) transport device 100 (a transport device located on the rear side in the direction of vehicle travel) is brought in from the rear of the construction yard A1 (the rear end in this embodiment) using a transport vehicle V1 and assembled behind the construction site A2. In this embodiment, the transport vehicle V1 that entered the construction yard A1 moves in reverse to a predetermined position within the construction yard A1, and then loads and unloads the cargo (the transport device 100 before assembly). After loading and unloading the cargo, the transport vehicle V1 moves forward and exits the construction yard A1.

[0024] The transport device 100 is construction equipment for transporting bridge decks used when replacing existing deck slabs 3 on a bridge 1 with new deck slabs, and enables the lifting and traversing of deck slabs 2 (divided deck slabs 31 or new deck slab members). An example of the transport device 100 is shown in Figure 7. As shown in Figure 7, the transport device 100 comprises a support frame 101, a traversing means 102 for traversing the object to be transported (divided deck slabs 31 or new deck slab members), and a lifting means 103 for raising and lowering the object to be transported. It also comprises a control device (not shown) for controlling the transport device 100, the traversing means 102 and the lifting means 103, and a power supply unit 104 for supplying power to the traversing means 102 and the lifting means 103. In other words, the transport device 100 is a construction equipment consisting of various equipment units (such as a traversing means 102, a lifting means 103, and a power supply unit 104) mounted on a support frame 101 for lifting and traversing objects to be transported.

[0025] The support frame 101 is a structure that supports equipment units such as the traverse means 102 and the suspension means 103. The support frame 101 comprises a plurality of parallel support rails 111, a plurality of support members 112 that support the support rails 111, and a transverse beam 113 that connects adjacent support rails 111, 111. In this embodiment, the support rails 111, support members 112, and transverse beam 113 constitute the main body of the support frame 101. The support frame 101 also comprises a running means 114 and support legs 115. The support frame 101 is divisible into two units, front and rear. One unit (the unit on the right in Figure 7) comprises two gate-type frames (frames composed of two adjacent support members 112 on the left and right sides and a transverse beam 113 connecting the two support members 112) and two support rails 111, 111 on the left and right sides that are mounted on the two gate-type frames. The other unit (the unit on the left in Figure 7) comprises a portal frame and two support rails 111, 111 extending from the portal frame toward the other unit (the central portal frame).

[0026] The support rail 111 is a member that supports the traverse means 102 and the suspension means 103, and is installed above the source and destination of the object to be transported (divided floor slab 31 or newly constructed floor slab member). In this embodiment, two support rails 111, 111 are installed side by side with a gap between them.

[0027] The support members 112 are members that support the support rails 111 and are erected on the floor slab. In this embodiment, support members 112 are positioned at both ends and in the middle of each support rail 111. Note that the position and number of support members 112 are not limited to those shown and can be changed according to the length of the support rails 111, the weight of the equipment unit, etc.

[0028] The transverse beam 113 is a member that maintains the distance between adjacent support rails 111, 111 on the left and right. In this embodiment, the transverse beam 113 is installed on the support rails 111, 111 between adjacent support members 112, 112 on the left and right. That is, the transverse beam 113 is positioned at both ends and in the middle of the support rail 111. Note that the position and number of transverse beams 113 are not limited to those shown and can be changed according to the length of the support rail 111, etc.

[0029] The traveling means 114 are used to move the transport device 100 (or the transport device 100 during assembly). The support frame 101 of this embodiment is equipped with four traveling means 114, 114, ..., two on each side. The traveling means 114 are multi-axle, multi-wheel (two axles and four wheels in this embodiment) trackless trolleys and are equipped with a drive source (e.g., an in-wheel motor) to rotate the axles. The traveling means 114 may also be a rail trolley, and there are no restrictions on the number of axles, number of wheels, type of drive source, or presence or absence of a drive source. The traveling means 114 of this embodiment are attached to the lower end of the support leg 115 and are rotatable around an axis perpendicular to the running surface (the upper surface of the floor slab, etc.). In other words, the traveling means 114 can travel on the deck slab 2 in the longitudinal direction of the support rail 111 (in the direction of the bridge axis), and can also travel on the deck slab in the longitudinal direction of the transverse girder 113 (in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis).

[0030] The support legs 115 are interposed between the support rails 111 and the running means 114. The support legs 115 function as loading and unloading support legs together with the running means 114 when loading and unloading onto the transport vehicle.

[0031] The traverse means 102 has the function of traversing the object to be transported (divided floor slab 31 or newly constructed floor slab member) and is supported by the support frame 101. In this embodiment, the traverse means 102 is movable along the support rail 111 while holding the object to be transported that is not suspended by the suspension means 103. The traverse means 102 is located below the support rail 111. The traverse means 102 is equipped with a holding part 121 capable of holding the object to be transported (divided floor slab 31 or newly constructed floor slab member). The holding part 121 is movable (traverses) along the support rail 111.

[0032] The lifting means 103 has the function of raising the object to be transported (divided floor slab 31 or newly installed floor slab member 21) from the transport source toward the traverse means 102, and the function of lowering the object to be transported from the traverse means 102 toward the transport destination, and is supported by the support frame 101. The lifting means 103 is positioned above the traverse means 102. This makes it possible to shorten the lifting height of the lifting means 103.

[0033] The lifting means 103 in this embodiment is positioned above the support rail 111 and is movable along the support rail 111 when it is not lifting an object to be transported. That is, the lifting means 103 can raise and lower the object to be transported via the sling 131 and is also movable along the support rail 111. The state in which the object to be transported is not being lifted refers to, for example, a state in which the sling 131 is detached from the object to be transported, or a state in which the sling 131 is connected to the object to be transported but the sling 131 is loose.

[0034] The lifting mechanism 103 is configured to move (traverse) in the front-rear direction and includes a lifting trolley that can travel along the support rail 111. The lifting mechanism 103 is also configured to move (traverse) in the left-right direction and includes a support frame that can move laterally on the lifting trolley. Furthermore, the lifting mechanism 103 is configured to raise and lower the object to be transported and includes a sling 131 connected to the object to be transported and an extension unit for adjusting the length of the sling 131.

[0035] The power supply unit 104 is an equipment unit that supplies power to electric drive sources and control devices, and is supported on the support frame 101. The power supply unit 104 includes a base 141 provided on the support frame 101 via bases 141 attached to the ends of the support rails 111, 111, and a generator 142 mounted on the base 141. There are no restrictions on where the generator 142 is supplied with power, but in this embodiment, power is supplied to the drive source of the traversing means 102, the drive source of the suspension means 103, the control device, etc., via power cables (not shown). The assembled transport device 100 is kept in its assembled position until the device installation process S5.

[0036] In the deck slab peeling process S4, the deck slab peeling device 200 is used to separate the divided deck slab 31 from the main girder 4. Figure 8 shows the deck slab peeling process S4. As shown in Figure 8, the deck slab peeling process S4 involves a jack installation operation in which a jack mounting member 204 extending from a jack 203 positioned above the divided deck slab 31 is inserted into a jack mounting hole 33 and locked to the bottom surface of the divided deck slab 31, and a peeling operation in which the divided deck slab 31 is lifted using the jack 203 and separated from the main girder 4. The deck slab peeling process S4 can be performed in parallel with the device assembly process S3.

[0037] Figure 9 shows the deck slab removal device 200. As shown in Figure 9, the deck slab removal device 200 comprises a main body 201, a support part 202, a jack 203, a jack mounting member 204, a connecting steel member 205, and a wheel 206.

[0038] The main body 201 is made of steel with a length greater than the width of the divided deck slab 31 (or the length of the divided deck slab 31 in the bridge axis direction if the existing deck slab is cut perpendicular to the bridge axis to form the divided deck slab 31). In this embodiment, the main body 201 consists of a pair of main body steel members 211, 211, each made of steel with a U-shape in cross-section, arranged side by side with a gap between them and their outer web surfaces facing each other. Multiple stiffeners 212, 212, ... are fixed to the main body steel member 211 at predetermined intervals.

[0039] The support sections 202 are steel members provided at both ends of the lower surface of the main body section 201, and function as bases for the main body section 201 when the divided floor slab 31 is cut from the main girder 4. In this embodiment, the support sections 202 are made of H-shaped steel. The support sections 202 have a height such that a gap is formed between the wheels 206 and the floor slab 2 when the wheels 206 are raised.

[0040] The jack 203 is mounted on the upper surface of the main body 201 via a jack base 231. The jack 203 is a center-hole jack and supports the jack mounting member 204 so that it can be lifted. The jack mounting member 204 connects the divided floor slab 31 and the jack 203. The jack mounting member 204 has a shaft portion 241 that is inserted into the gap between the main body steel members 211, and a locking portion 242 that is attached to the tip of the shaft portion 241 and engages with the jack mounting hole 33. The shaft portion 241 has a male thread, and the locking portion 242 has a female thread that screws into the shaft portion 241.

[0041] Wheels 206 are provided on the left and right sides of the front and rear of the main body 201, respectively. The wheels 206 are attached to the main body 201 via connecting steel members 205. The connecting steel members 205 consist of steel members extending laterally from the side surface of the main body 201. In this embodiment, the connecting steel members 205 consist of steel members with a U-shape in cross-section. The wheels 206 are attached to the ends of threaded rods 261 that pass through the ends of the connecting steel members 205. A screw member 262 that screws onto the threaded rod 261 is provided on the lower surface of the connecting steel member 205. The threaded rod 261 moves up and down relative to the connecting steel member 205 by rotating the screw member 262. The wheels 206 move up and down in accordance with the up and down movement of the threaded rod 261. The wheel 206 is positioned such that when raised, the height of its lower end is higher than the lower surface of the support portion 202, and when lowered, the height of its lower end is lower than the lower surface of the support portion 202.

[0042] In the stripping operation, as shown in Figure 8, the slab stripping device 200 is installed with the segmented slab 31 straddling the bridge axis direction. In this embodiment, two slab stripping devices 200, 200 are installed side by side with a gap between them perpendicular to the bridge axis. The slab stripping device 200 is moved to a predetermined position using wheels 206, and then the wheels 206 are raised to support the main body 201 with support parts 202, 202. At this time, the support parts 202 are located in front of and behind the segmented slab 31 to be stripped. Once the slab stripping device 200 is installed, the jack mounting member 204 is locked into the jack mounting hole 33. In this embodiment, after inserting the shaft portion 241 of the jack mounting member 204 into the jack mounting hole 33, the locking portion 242 is attached to the shaft portion 241 on the underside of the divided floor slab 31, and the locking portion 242 is locked to the edge of the jack mounting hole 33 on the bottom side of the divided floor slab 31. Once the jack mounting member 204 is locked to the jack mounting hole 33, the jack mounting member 204 is lifted by the jack 203, thereby separating the divided floor slab 31 from the main girder 4. After the separation of the divided floor slab 31 is complete, the divided floor slab 31 is placed back on the main girder 4, and with the wheels 206 lowered and in contact with the divided floor slab 31, the floor slab peeling device 200 is moved. In this embodiment, the peeling work is performed on the divided floor slabs 31 to be transported the following day (three in this embodiment).

[0043] In the equipment installation process S5, the transport device 100 is moved to the vicinity (construction site) of the divided floor slab 31 that has been cut from the main girder 4 and installed. Figure 10 shows the arrangement of the transport device 100. In the equipment installation process, as shown in Figure 10, each transport device 100 is moved to the center of the construction yard A1 and installed at the construction site A2. In this embodiment, along with the installation of the transport device 100, a lifter 300 is installed behind the second transport device.

[0044] Figure 11 shows the lifter 300. As shown in Figure 11, the lifter 300 has a gate-like shape due to a beam 301 and a pair of support columns 302, 302 that support the beam 301. A hanger 303 is attached to the beam 301. The support columns 302 are extendable, and the height position of the beam 301 can be adjusted. The hanger 303 is equipped with a hoisting machine (e.g., a chain block) 304 for lifting loads. The height of the lifter 300 (length of the support columns 302) is set so that a transport vehicle V1 can pass below the divided floor slab 31 or newly installed floor slab member 21 suspended from the hanger 303. In this embodiment, the lifter 300 is assembled in the equipment installation process S5. The lifter 300 is installed behind the second transport device 100, which is located on the rear side of the construction target area A2 (see Figure 11).

[0045] <Slab installation date> The middle days of the construction period (the second and third days of the construction period) are designated as floor slab laying days. On the first floor slab laying day, the second day of the construction period (Tuesday) in this embodiment, the new floor slab members 21 are laid through the floor slab removal process S6, the floor slab delivery process S7, and the floor slab laying process S8, and the floor slab peeling process S4 is used to cut the sectioned floor slabs 31 that will be removed the following day.

[0046] In the deck slab removal process S6, the divided deck slabs 31 are removed using the transport device 100. After being lifted by the transport device 100, the divided deck slabs 31 are moved laterally along the bridge axis. The laterally moved divided deck slabs 31 are then loaded onto the transport vehicle V1 and removed. Here, the removal of the divided deck slabs 31 is carried out sequentially from the center of the construction area toward both ends. The divided deck slabs 31 lifted by the second transport device 100 are then loaded onto a trolley V2, and then loaded from the trolley V2 to the transport vehicle V1 using the lifter 300. The transfer of the divided deck slabs 31 using the lifter 300 is performed by first moving the trolley V2, on which the divided deck slabs 31 are placed, under the lifter 300. Next, the divided deck slabs 31 are lifted by the lifter 300, and then the trolley V2 is moved out of the way. Next, the transport vehicle V1 is brought under the lifter 300, and then the divided floor slab 31 is lowered and placed onto the transport vehicle V1. In this way, the transport vehicle V1, which has entered the construction yard A1 on the rear side of the construction area A2, can be positioned facing forward while the divided floor slab 31 is loaded onto the transport vehicle V1. Furthermore, the transport vehicle V1, which has entered the construction yard A1 on the front side of the construction area A2, can be brought closer to or enter the conveying device 100 by backing up, so that the divided floor slab 31 can be loaded onto the transport vehicle V1 by the conveying device 100 without using the lifter 300.

[0047] After removing the segmented floor slab 31, the surface of the main girder 4 exposed by the removal of the segmented floor slab 31 is cleaned (scaled). Next, the main girder 4 is painted with rust-preventive paint, and stud bolts are installed (welded) as needed. Rust-preventive paint is not applied to the areas where stud bolts are installed. After the rust-preventive paint is applied, a sole sponge (formwork) is installed on the main girder 4.

[0048] In the slab delivery process, as shown in Figure 10, the new slab members 21 are moved to the construction site A2 using the transport device 100. The new slab members 21 are then transported to the construction yard A1 using the transport vehicle 7. The first transport device 100 lifts the new slab members 21 transported by the transport vehicle V1 that enters the construction yard A1 from the front and moves them to the designated installation location. The second transport device 100 moves the new slab members 21 that enters the construction yard A1 from the rear end and is brought in by the transport vehicle V1. The new slab members 21 brought in by the transport vehicle V1 that enters the construction yard A1 from the rear are transferred from the transport vehicle V1 to the trolley V2, and then handed over from the trolley V2 to the transport device 100. Specifically, first, the transport vehicle V1 with the new slab members 21 on it is brought under the lifter 300. Next, the lifter 300 lifts the new deck slab member 21, and then the transport vehicle V1 is moved out of the way. Subsequently, with the trolley V2 positioned beneath the lifter 300, the new deck slab member 21 is lowered to be placed on the trolley V2. Then, the trolley V2 is positioned beneath the second transport device 100, and the new deck slab member 21 on the trolley V2 is transferred to the second transport device 100. After that, the transport device 100 moves (moves laterally) the new deck slab member 21 forward along the bridge axis to the construction target location A2.

[0049] In the slab laying process S8, the new slab members 21 are laid using the transport device 100 in the positions where the divided slabs 31 were removed (i.e., sequentially from the center of the construction area A2 toward both ends). The new slab members 21 are laid in the predetermined positions by being lowered after being moved laterally to the predetermined positions by the transport device 100. Here, the new slab members 21 are precast concrete members with an L-shaped cross-section, with a wall railing 5 (new wall railing 51) formed at the end (see Figure 1(b)). As shown in Figure 12, multiple connecting reinforcing bars 22 are provided protruding from the end face of the new slab member 21 (the face facing other new slab members 21). An anchoring member 23 (steel plate) having a width larger than the diameter of the connecting reinforcing bar 22 is integrally fixed to the tip of the connecting reinforcing bar 22. Adjacent new slab members 21 are laid with a gap between them.

[0050] Once the new slab members 21 are laid in the designated positions, non-shrink mortar is poured into the gap (inside the sole sponge) between the new slab members 21 and the main girders 4. In addition, the gaps between the previously laid new slab members 21 and the existing girders are filled with a filler material (for example, concrete or mortar) to enclose the connecting reinforcing bars 22 and anchoring members 23, thereby joining them together. Furthermore, the gaps between the wall railings 5 ​​are also filled with a filler material.

[0051] In the deck slab removal process S4, the sectioned deck slabs 31 in the area where the new deck slab members 21 will be laid the following day are cut away from the main girders 4. The other details of the deck slab removal process S4 are the same as those of the deck slab removal process S4 performed on the preparation day, so a detailed explanation is omitted.

[0052] Furthermore, the removal of the divided slabs 31 and the laying of the new slab members 21 may be carried out within a predetermined range by repeating the slab removal process S6, the slab delivery process S7, and the slab laying process S8 for each slab, or the number of divided slabs 31 equal to the number of constructions per day (3 in this embodiment) may be removed, and then the number of new slab members 21 equal to the number of constructions per day (3 in this embodiment) may be laid continuously.

[0053] On the third day of construction (Wednesday), which is the second day for laying the slab, the new slab members 21 will be laid using the slab removal process S6, slab delivery process S7, and slab laying process S8, similar to the second day of construction (Tuesday). After that, the equipment dismantling process S9 will begin. On the second day of slab laying (third day of construction), the two transport devices 100 will be moved away from each other as needed before the slab removal process S6, slab delivery process S7, and slab laying process S8 are carried out. The details of the other slab removal process S6, slab delivery process S7, and slab laying process S8 are the same as those on the second day of construction, so a detailed explanation will be omitted. In the equipment dismantling process S9, the transport device 100 and the lifter 300 will be dismantled. The dismantling of the first transport device 100 will be carried out after the first transport device 100 is moved to the front of construction yard A1. Furthermore, the dismantling of the second conveying device 100 will be carried out after moving the second conveying device 100 to the rear of construction yard A1.

[0054] <Cleanup Day> On the day before the final day of construction (Thursday), which is designated as a cleanup day, the equipment dismantling process S9, equipment removal process S10, temporary covering process S11, and gap sealing process S12 will be carried out. In the equipment dismantling process S9, the dismantling of the conveying device 100 and the lifter 300 is carried out as on the previous day. However, if the dismantling of the conveying device 100 and the lifter 300 was completed on the previous day, the dismantling work on the cleanup day is omitted.

[0055] In the equipment removal process S10, the dismantled transport device 100 and lifter 300 are removed from the construction yard A1. If the dismantling of the transport device 100 and lifter 300 is completed the previous day, the equipment removal process S10 may be carried out on the previous day.

[0056] Figure 13 shows the temporary covering process S11. In the temporary covering process S11, as shown in Figure 13, the upper surface of the gap between the newly laid floor slab member 21 and the end of the existing floor slab 3 adjacent to the newly laid floor slab member 21 is covered with a joint temporary cover 400. The temporary covering process S11 can be carried out in parallel with the equipment dismantling process S9 and the equipment removal process S10. Figure 14 shows the joint temporary cover. As shown in Figure 14(a), the joint temporary cover 400 comprises a cover plate 410, an anti-float member 420 fixed to the lower surface of the cover plate 410, and a fixing anchor 430.

[0057] As shown in Figure 14(b), the cover plate 410 has a first plate portion 411 that is placed on the upper surface of the existing floor slab 3, a second plate portion 412 that is placed on the upper surface of the new floor slab member 21, and a third plate portion 413 that connects the first plate portion 411 and the second plate portion 412. In this embodiment, the first plate portion 411, the second plate portion 412, and the third plate portion 413 are formed from a single steel plate. Alternatively, the cover plate 410 may be formed by connecting the first plate portion 411, the second plate portion 412, and the third plate portion 413, each made from a different steel plate.

[0058] The first plate portion 411 has a plurality of anchor insertion holes 415, 415, ... for inserting fixing anchors 430. As shown in Figure 14(a), the first plate portion 411 is fixed to the existing floor slab 3 by fixing anchors 430 embedded in the existing floor slab 3 through the anchor insertion holes 415.

[0059] As shown in Figure 14(a), the second plate portion 412 is placed on the upper surface of the newly constructed floor slab member 21. A rubber sheet is interposed between the second plate portion 412 and the newly constructed floor slab member 21 as a cushioning material 440. Note that the cushioning material 440 interposed between the second plate portion 412 and the newly constructed floor slab member 21 is not limited to a rubber sheet.

[0060] A handle 414 is provided on the third plate portion 413. The handle 414 is made of a gate-shaped metal member, and both legs are inserted through holes formed in the third plate portion 413. That is, the handle 414 is movable up and down relative to the third plate portion 413, and when attaching or removing the joint temporary cover 400, a worker can lift and grasp it. When the joint temporary cover 400 is installed, the handle 414 lowers due to its own weight, and the horizontal bar of the handle 414 rests on the upper surface of the third plate portion 413 (retained state). As shown in Figure 13, the end of the third plate portion 413 on the road edge side (wall railing 5 side) protrudes more than the first plate portion 411 and the second plate portion 412. As shown in Figure 11, the protruding portion of the third plate portion 413 is inserted between the wall railing of the new floor slab member 21 and the wall railing 5 of the existing floor slab 3. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 14(c), a riser plate 450 is erected at the road edge end of the third plate section 413.

[0061] As shown in Figure 14(a), the floating prevention member 420 comprises a vertical plate 421 fixed to the lower surface of the third plate portion 413, a suspension rod 422 fixed to the vertical plate 421, and a locking member 423 fixed to the lower end of the suspension rod 422. The suspension rod 422 extends downward from the vertical plate 421. The locking member 423 is made of an L-shaped steel fixed to the tip of the suspension rod 422. The locking member 423 can be locked to a recess formed on the end face of the newly constructed slab member 21 or to a connecting reinforcing bar 22 protruding from the end face of the newly constructed slab member 21. That is, the floating prevention member 420 fixed to the lower surface of the third plate portion 413 can be locked to the end of the newly constructed slab member 21 in a state where upward movement is prevented.

[0062] As shown in Figures 13 and 14(a), the joint temporary cover 400 is installed so as to cover the gap between the new floor slab member 21 and the existing floor slab 3 with the cover plate 410. At this time, the locking member 423 is locked to the end of the new floor slab member 21 and fixed to the existing floor slab 3 with the fixing anchor 430.

[0063] In the gap-filling process S12, the gap between the wall railing 5 formed on the side end of the newly laid floor slab member 21 and the end face of the wall railing 5 formed on the side end of the existing floor slab 3 adjacent to the newly laid floor slab member 21 is filled with a gap-filling member 500. The gap-filling process S12 can be performed in parallel with the temporary cover process S11.

[0064] Figure 15 shows the gap-filling member 500. As shown in Figure 15(a), the gap-filling member 500 is a steel member installed in the gap between the existing floor slab 3 and the new floor slab member 21. The gap-filling member 500 has a main body portion 510 that fits over the end of the new wall railing 51 and a fixing portion 520 that extends from the main body portion 510 toward the existing wall railing 50.

[0065] As shown in Figure 15(b), the main body 510 has a gate-shaped cross-section, consisting of a rectangular upper plate portion 511, a back plate portion 512 extending downward from one of the pair of opposing sides of the upper plate portion 511, and a sliding portion 513 extending downward from the other side. The upper plate portion 511 is placed on the upper surface of the newly installed wall railing 51. The upper plate portion 511 is provided with a handle 550 for carrying the gap-filling member 500.

[0066] The backing plate portion 512 is attached to the back side (the side opposite the road) of the newly constructed wall railing 51 at intervals. The backing plate portion 512 is parallel to the back side of the newly constructed wall railing 51. A plate-attached bolt 530 is provided on the back plate portion 512 so as to be able to move back and forth. The plate-attached bolt has a bolt portion 531 that is inserted through a bolt hole formed in the back plate portion 512, and a plate portion 532 fixed to the tip of the bolt portion 531. A nut 514 is fixed to the back plate portion 512 at a position corresponding to the bolt hole. The plate-attached bolt 530 is screwed onto the nut 514, and when the plate-attached bolt 530 is rotated, the plate-attached bolt 530 moves back and forth in a direction perpendicular to the back plate portion 512 (the back surface of the newly installed wall railing 51).

[0067] The sliding portion 513 is attached to the surface of the newly constructed wall railing 51. The sliding portion 513 has an inclined surface that slides from the fixing portion 520 to the surface of the newly constructed wall railing 51.

[0068] As shown in Figure 15(b), the fixing portion 520 is made of a steel plate with a plurality of through holes 521 formed therein. As shown in Figure 15(a), the fixing portion 520 is attached to the surface of the wall railing 5 of the existing floor slab 3 and fixed to the wall railing 5 (existing wall railing 50) via bolts 540 that pass through the through holes 521. In this embodiment, the main body portion 510 and the fixing portion 520 are formed by processing a single steel plate. The main body portion 510 and the fixing portion 520 may also be formed by connecting individual steel plates.

[0069] As shown in Figure 15(a), the gap-filling member 500 is fixed by placing the main body portion 510 over the end of the newly constructed wall railing 51 and fixing the fixing portion 520 in contact with the surface of the wall railing 5 of the existing floor slab 3 using bolts 540. Next, as shown in Figure 15(b), the plate-attached bolt 530 is rotated to bring the plate portion 532 into contact with the back surface of the newly constructed wall railing 51, thereby attaching the main body portion 510 to the newly constructed wall railing 51.

[0070] <Cancellation Date> On the final day of construction (Friday), which is the day for lifting restrictions, paving process S13 and restriction lifting process S14 will be carried out. In paving process S13, paving is carried out on the newly constructed deck members 21, the temporary joint covers 400, and the existing deck 3. After paving, the necessary road markings are drawn on the road surface. In the restriction removal process S14, traffic restrictions are lifted.

[0071] As described above, according to the deck slab replacement method of this embodiment, the transport device 100 is assembled at a location away from the construction site A2, the existing deck slab 3 is cut, and then the transport device 100 is installed in a predetermined position. Therefore, different operations can be performed simultaneously within the construction yard A1, and the deck slab replacement work can be carried out efficiently.

[0072] During the equipment installation process, the segmented floor slabs 31, which have been detached from the main girder 4, are left in place, making it possible to install the transport device 100 without openings, thus ensuring safety.

[0073] By using two transport devices 100 and 100, the floor slab 2 (divided floor slab 31 and newly installed floor slab member 21) can be replaced simultaneously at different locations, thereby shortening the construction period. Furthermore, since the two transport devices 100 and 100 are brought in and assembled from different locations in the construction yard A1 (front and rear of the construction site A2), the work can be carried out more efficiently compared to bringing them in from only the front or rear of the construction site A2.

[0074] Since the two transport devices 100, 100 work while moving away from the position where the new floor slab member 21 is laid, the transport devices 100 are not laid on top of the new floor slab member 21, and the transport devices 100 do not damage the new floor slab 20. Furthermore, by using the lifter 300, it becomes possible to supply the new floor slab members 21 and transport out the divided floor slabs 31 from the rear of the transport device 100.

[0075] By determining the work process to be carried out on a daily basis (or by day of the week) and proceeding with the construction efficiently, it is possible to carry out the construction efficiently within a limited period (for example, on weekdays). Furthermore, opening roads to traffic on holidays and other times when traffic volume is high can minimize the impact on traffic.

[0076] By using a concrete cutter or similar tool to cut the existing deck slab 3 from its upper surface, it is possible to cut the existing deck slab 3 more easily compared to cutting the deck slab with a wire saw. Furthermore, since the cutting operation can be performed with a cutting depth corresponding to the thickness of the existing deck slab 3, it is possible to prevent damage to the main girders 4 on the underside of the existing deck slab 3.

[0077] According to the deck slab removal device 200 of this embodiment, the divided deck slab 31 is separated from the main girder 4 by being pulled upward, thus minimizing the cleaning work required on the upper surface of the main girder 4. In contrast, in the conventional cutting method, which separates the existing deck slab 3 and the main girder 4 by cutting the bottom of the deck slab 2 above the main girder 4 using a wire saw, a portion of the existing deck slab 3 remains on the upper surface of the main girder 4, making its removal work time-consuming.

[0078] Furthermore, the deck slab peeling device 200 allows for the separation of the divided deck slabs 31 from the main girder 4 by lifting them up using jacks 203 from the main body 201 which is positioned to straddle the divided deck slabs 31. In addition, since the deck slab peeling device 200 has wheels 206, it can be moved and installed without the need for a lifting machine, and work can be performed even in narrow construction spaces.

[0079] When construction is interrupted and the road is reopened, the upper surface of the gap between adjacent existing deck slabs 3 and new deck slabs 20 is covered with a temporary joint cover 400, thereby ensuring the safety of road users. The joint temporary cover 400 is secured to the newly installed floor slab member 21 via the anti-float member 420, thus preventing it from coming loose or floating up due to vibrations caused by vehicle traffic.

[0080] Furthermore, the cover plate 410 has a width greater than the gap between the existing floor slab 3 and the new floor slab 20, and is placed on the upper surface of both the existing floor slab 3 and the new floor slab 20, so it will not fall into the gap. Furthermore, by fixing the joint temporary cover 400 to the existing floor slab 3 using a fixing anchor 430 inserted through a through hole formed in the second plate portion 412, it is possible to more reliably prevent the joint temporary cover 400 from shifting or falling off.

[0081] The road edge end of the third plate portion 413 of the joint temporary cover 400 protrudes from the first plate portion 411 and the second plate portion 412 so that it can be inserted into the gap between the wall railing 5 of the newly constructed deck member 21 and the wall railing 5 of the existing deck 3. Furthermore, a rising plate 450 is erected at the road edge end of the third plate portion 413, so that it functions as a gable frame during paving.

[0082] Furthermore, when construction is interrupted and the road is reopened, safety is ensured by sealing the gap between the wall parapet 5 of the adjacent existing deck slab 3 and the wall parapet 5 of the new deck slab 20 with the gap-sealing member 500. In addition, since the gap-sealing member 500 is fixed only to the existing deck slab 3 side, it does not damage the new deck slab 20, and there is no need to fix it to the new deck slab 20 or remove it from the new deck slab 20.

[0083] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and each of the above-mentioned components can be modified as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention. In the above embodiment, the case where the construction period is 5 days was described, but the number of days in the construction period is not limited; for example, it could be 4 days. If the construction period is 4 days, the day for laying the deck slab may be 1 day, or the cleanup day may be allocated to the deck slab laying day or the removal day.

[0084] The processes to be carried out on each day (each day of the week) during the construction period are not limited to those shown in the above embodiment. For example, on the preparation day, at least the traffic control process, the deck cutting process, and the equipment assembly process may be carried out, on the deck laying day, the deck laying process may be carried out, and on the release day, at least the paving process and the restriction release process may be carried out, with other processes being carried out as appropriate. Alternatively, on the preparation day, at least the traffic control process, the deck cutting process, the equipment assembly process, the deck peeling process, and the equipment installation process may be carried out, on the deck laying day, at least the deck laying process may be carried out, and on the release day, at least the paving process and the restriction release process may be carried out, with other processes being carried out as appropriate.

[0085] In the above embodiment, the case of using two conveying devices was described, but the number of conveying devices is not limited; one device may be used, or three or more devices may be used. Furthermore, the configuration of the conveying device 100 is not limited to that of the embodiment described above. For example, other devices capable of removing existing deck slabs and installing new deck slabs, such as gantry cranes and arm rollers, can also be used.

[0086] The configuration of the joint temporary cover 400 and the gap-sealing member 500 is not limited to that of the above embodiment. The configuration of the jack mounting member of the slab removal device 200 is not limited to those described above. For example, the jack mounting member may be fixed to the jack mounting hole 33. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0087] 1 Bridge 2 Floor slab 21 Newly constructed floor slab members 3 Existing deck slab 31 Split floor slab 32 Through holes 33 Jack mounting holes 34 Cut surface 4 Main digit 5. Wall railing 6. Pavement 100 Conveying device 200 Slab Removal Device 201 Main body 202 Support part 203 Jack 204 Jack mounting components 205 Connecting steel material 206 Wheels 300 Lifter 400 Joint temporary cover 500 Gap-filling material A1 Construction Yard A2 Areas to be constructed C Cutter V1 transport vehicle V2 Trolley WS Wire Saw S1 Traffic control process S2 Floor slab cutting process S3 Equipment Assembly Process S4 Floor slab removal process S5 Equipment Installation Process S6 Floor slab unloading process S7 Floor slab delivery process S8 Floor slab laying process S9 Equipment disassembly process S10 Equipment unloading process S11 Temporary lid process S12 Gap sealing process S13 Paving Process S14 Deregulation process

Claims

1. The process involves cutting the existing deck slab at the construction site to divide it into multiple segmented deck slabs, The aforementioned divided deck slab is separated from the main girder in a deck slab peeling process, A floor slab removal process in which the divided floor slabs are removed using a conveying device, The process involves transporting the newly constructed deck slabs, A method for replacing existing floor slabs laid in a predetermined section by repeatedly performing a floor slab laying step, in which the floor slabs are laid in the positions where the divided floor slabs were removed using the aforementioned transport device, and replacing existing floor slabs laid in a predetermined section with new floor slabs, In the aforementioned deck cutting process, A drilling operation to form a pair of through holes in the existing deck slab near the main girder and at positions opposite the main girder, A thickness confirmation procedure is performed to confirm the thickness of the existing floor slab above the main girder using the aforementioned through-hole, A cutting operation is performed in which the existing floor slab is cut from the top surface with a cutting depth corresponding to the thickness of the existing floor slab to form a divided floor slab. A method for replacing a deck slab, characterized in that the deck slab removal process involves lifting the divided deck slab and separating it from the main girder.

2. The aforementioned deck slab removal process is, A second drilling operation involves drilling holes in the aforementioned divided floor slab to form multiple jack mounting holes, The system further includes a jack installation operation in which an attachment member extending from a jack positioned above the divided floor slab is inserted through the jack mounting hole and secured to the bottom surface of the divided floor slab, The method for replacing a floor slab according to claim 1, characterized in that the jack is used to lift the divided floor slab during the peeling operation.

3. A deck slab peeling device used when separating a divided deck slab, formed by cutting an existing deck slab, from the main girder, A main body having a length greater than the width of the aforementioned divided floor slab, Support portions are provided at both ends of the lower surface of the main body, A jack is provided on the upper surface of the main body, A jack mounting member that connects the divided floor slab and the jack, The main body is equipped with wheels provided on the left and right sides of the front and rear sections, respectively. A deck slab peeling device characterized in that the wheel is movable up and down relative to the main body, and is positioned such that when raised, the height of the lower end is higher than the lower surface of the support, and when lowered, the height of the lower end is lower than the lower surface of the support.

4. The main body is made up of a pair of U-shaped steel webs arranged side by side with a gap between them, with their outer surfaces facing each other. The slab removal device according to claim 3, characterized in that the jack mounting member is inserted into the gap between the steel materials.

5. It has a connecting steel member that connects the wheel and the main body, The deck slab peeling device according to claim 3, characterized in that the connecting steel member extends laterally from the side surface of the main body.

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