Biomedical anchors

Abstract

We provide a bio-anchor that can be implanted and removed with minimal invasiveness. [Solution] The bio-anchor 1 is a bio-anchor that is incorporated into a living body and includes a cylindrical sleeve 2 having a through hole 10 extending from the outside to the inside of the living body, and a pin 3 that is inserted into the through hole and expands the sleeve. The sleeve may be made of a superelastic material, and a slit extending parallel to the through hole may be formed in at least a part of the sleeve. Only one slit may be formed and may extend in the direction of the opening of the through hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an anchor for a living body.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, there has been a technique for implanting artificial tooth roots. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an artificial socket bone that is used by being buried in an implantation hole drilled in the jawbone. The protruding piece of the artificial socket bone catches on the inner peripheral surface of the implantation hole in the jawbone, whereby the artificial socket bone is held in the implantation hole. The protruding piece of the artificial socket bone catches on the root of the artificial tooth root, and the artificial tooth root is held by the resilient force. On the other hand, as an anchor screw for dental orthodontics, there is a structure that stands upright from the gingiva to the jawbone and applies a force to move the teeth. However, there are the following problems. · The safety zone is limited. · It is not suitable for young people. [ · There is pain when approaching the teeth, and there is a risk of root damage.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems of the anchor screw, there is an on-plant that binds only to the cortical bone on the surface. However, in the case of a conventional on-plant, the contact area with the cortical bone is large, and a strong chemical bond is formed by surface treatment, so the invasion during implantation and removal is large.

[0005] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an anchor for a living body that can be implanted and removed with less invasion.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] As a means of solving the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention has the following configuration. (1) A biological anchor according to one aspect of the present invention is a biological anchor incorporated into a living body, comprising a cylindrical sleeve having a through hole extending from the outside into the inside of the living body, and a pin inserted into the through hole to expand the sleeve.

[0007] According to this embodiment, the sleeve expands upon insertion of a pin, allowing it to be held in place by the living organism at the expanded portion during implantation. Furthermore, the sleeve (expanded portion) returns to its original state upon removal of the pin, allowing it to be removed from the living organism. In addition, because the expanded portion of the sleeve is mechanically fitted with the inside of the living organism, the contact area with the inside of the living organism can be reduced compared to conventional on-plant anchors. Therefore, a minimally invasive biological anchor that can be implanted and removed can be provided.

[0008] (2) In the embodiment of (1) above, the sleeve may be made of a superelastic material.

[0009] (3) In the embodiment of (1) or (2) above, a slit extending parallel to the through hole may be formed in at least a part of the sleeve.

[0010] (4) In the embodiment of (3) above, only one slit may be formed and may extend in the direction of the opening of the through hole.

[0011] (5) In the embodiment of (3) above, the slits may be formed in multiple locations at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the sleeve and may extend from one end in the opening direction of the through hole to partway through.

[0012] (6) In any embodiment of (1) to (5) above, at least a portion of the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve may be formed in a tapered shape that decreases in diameter from one end to the other in the opening direction of the through hole.

[0013] (7) In any one of the aspects (1) to (6) above, an inclined surface may be formed on at least a part of the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve, which is inclined so as to gradually reduce or increase in diameter toward one side.

[0014] (8) In any one of the aspects (1) to (7) above, the pin may include a reduced-diameter portion that is reduced in diameter compared to the portion that contacts the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve.

[0015] (9) In any one of the aspects (3) to (5) above, the pin may include a convex portion that fills at least a part of the slit.

[0016] (10) In any one of the aspects (1) to (9) above, through holes for passing a wire may be formed in each of the sleeve and the pin.

[0017] (11) In any one of the aspects (1) to (10) above, the pin may include an engaging portion with which a detaching / attaching device for detaching / attaching the pin to / from the sleeve engages.

Advantages of the Invention

[0018] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a living body anchor that can be implanted and removed with minimal invasion.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019] [[ID=3{0}]] [Figure 1] A diagram showing an example of the living body anchor of the embodiment incorporated into a living body. [Figure 2] A diagram showing an example of the sleeve constituting the living body anchor of the embodiment. [Figure 3] A view seen from arrow III in FIG. 2. [Figure 4] A view seen from arrow IV in FIG. 2. [Figure 5] A diagram showing an example of the pin constituting the living body anchor of the embodiment. [Figure 6] A view seen from arrow VI in FIG. 5. [Figure 7] A view seen from arrow VII in FIG. 5. [Figure 8] A diagram showing an example of the procedure for implanting and removing the biological anchor of the embodiment. [Figure 9] A diagram showing an example of the procedure following Fig. 8. [Figure 10] A diagram showing an example of the procedure following Fig. 9. [Figure 11] A diagram showing a modified example of the sleeve of the embodiment. [Figure 12] A view seen from arrow XII in Fig. 11. [Figure 13] A view seen from arrow XIII in Fig. 11. [Figure 14] A diagram showing a first modified example of the pin of the embodiment. [Figure 15] A view seen from arrow XV in Fig. 14. [Figure 16] A diagram showing a second modified example of the pin of the embodiment. [Figure 17] A diagram showing a third modified example of the pin of the embodiment. [Figure 18] A view seen from arrow XVIII in Fig. 17. [Figure 19] A view seen from arrow XIX in Fig. 17. [Figure 20] A diagram showing an example of filling the slit with the convex part of the pin. [Figure 21] A diagram showing an example of threading and tying a wire through the through holes of each of the sleeve and the pin.

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0020] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the embodiment, a dental orthodontic anchor incorporated inside the cortical bone will be described as an example of the biological anchor incorporated into the living body.

[0021] <Biological Anchor> Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an example of incorporating the biological anchor 1 of the embodiment into a living body. Referring to Figure 1, the biocompatible anchor 1 is incorporated into the mucosa and cortical bone (an example of a living organism). The biocompatible anchor 1 should be incorporated to the extent that the cancellous bone is not exposed. The biocompatible anchor 1 is formed from a biocompatible material. The biocompatible anchor 1 includes a cylindrical sleeve 2 with a through hole 10 extending from the outside into the inside of the living organism, and a pin 3 that is inserted into the through hole 10 to expand the sleeve 2.

[0022] <Sleeve> Sleeve 2 is formed of a superelastic material. The onplant in this embodiment utilizes the superelasticity of a shape memory alloy. Sleeve 2 may be formed of a shape memory material that shrinks at a predetermined temperature. Sleeve 2 may also be formed of a shape memory alloy. Examples of shape memory alloys include nickel-titanium alloys (alloys mainly composed of intermetallic compounds of nickel and titanium, such as Ni55 / Ti45 (weight ratio)). Sleeve 2 is not limited to the above and may be formed of other alloys that have superelastic and shape memory properties. For example, sleeve 2 may be formed of a shape memory polymer, not just an alloy. The form of the material (superelastic material) used to form sleeve 2 can be changed according to the design specifications.

[0023] Figure 2 shows an example of a sleeve 2 that constitutes the bio-anchor 1 of the embodiment. Figure 3 is a view from arrow III in Figure 2. Figure 4 is a view from arrow IV in Figure 2. Referring to Figures 2 to 4, the sleeve 2 is formed in a cylindrical shape. In the following explanation, the direction along the central axis of the sleeve 2 is referred to as the "axial direction," the direction perpendicular to the axial direction is referred to as the "radial direction," and the direction around the central axis is referred to as the "circumferential direction."

[0024] A slit 11 is formed in at least a portion of the sleeve 2, extending parallel to the through hole 10. Only one slit 11 is formed. The slit 11 extends along the opening direction of the through hole 10. The slit 11 extends linearly parallel to the axial direction. The slit 11 may have different circumferential widths in the opening direction of the through hole 10. For example, the slit 11 may be formed to gradually narrow from one end to the other in the opening direction of the through hole 10.

[0025] At least a portion of the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve 2 is formed in a tapered shape that decreases in diameter from one end to the other in the opening direction of the through hole 10. The inner circumferential surface of the sleeve 2 is composed of a tapered surface 15. The tapered surface 15 is formed in a tapered shape that gradually decreases in diameter from one end to the other in the opening direction of the through hole 10. In other words, the tapered surface 15 is formed in a tapered shape that gradually decreases in diameter from upstream to downstream in the insertion direction of the pin 3.

[0026] At least a portion of the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve 2 is formed with inclined surfaces 21 and 22 that gradually decrease in diameter and / or increase in diameter toward one side. The inclined surfaces 21 and 22 are preferably formed on the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve 2 in the portion that is incorporated into the living body. The inclined surfaces 21 and 22 are formed including a portion 21 that gradually decreases in diameter toward one side and a portion 22 that gradually increases in diameter toward the other side.

[0027] <Pin> Pin 3 is formed from a biocompatible metal. In this embodiment, pin 3 is formed from a titanium alloy. Examples of titanium alloys include Ti-6Al-4V. However, pin 3 is not limited to the above and may be formed from other materials that have sufficient strength and rigidity to be inserted into the through hole 10 and expand the sleeve 2. The material used to form pin 3 can be changed according to the design specifications.

[0028] Figure 5 shows an example of a pin 3 that constitutes the bio-anchor 1 of the embodiment. Figure 6 is a view from arrow VI in Figure 5. Figure 7 is a view from arrow VII in Figure 5. The pin 3 comprises a main body portion 30 having a part that contacts the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve 2, and an engaging portion 31 into which an attachment / detachment device (not shown) for attaching and detaching the pin 3 to the sleeve 2 engages. When the biological anchor 1 is incorporated into a living body (hereinafter also referred to as the "incorporated state"), the pin 3 is provided coaxially with the sleeve 2.

[0029] The main body 30 is formed in a cylindrical shape. When assembled, the main body 30 has its longitudinal length in the axial direction of the sleeve 2. When assembled, the main body 30 fits into the through hole 10 of the sleeve 2. The longitudinal length of the main body 30 should preferably be set to be less than or equal to the axial length of the sleeve 2.

[0030] The engaging portion 31 is provided at one end of the main body portion 30. The engaging portion 31 is formed in a hexagonal prism shape. The outer shape of the engaging portion 31 is larger than the outer shape of the main body portion 30 when viewed from the longitudinal direction of the main body portion 30. When assembled, the engaging portion 31 is provided outside the living body. When assembled, the engaging portion 31 may be in contact with one end face of the sleeve 2. For example, the attachment / detachment device may be configured to include a portion corresponding to the outer shape of the engaging portion 31 (a portion in which a hexagonal hole is formed).

[0031] <Procedure for planting and removing bio-anchors> Figure 8 shows an example of the procedure for implanting and removing the bio-anchor 1 of the embodiment. Figure 9 shows an example of the procedure following Figure 8. Figure 10 shows an example of the procedure following Figure 9. Referring to Figures 8 to 10, an example of the procedure for implanting and removing the biological anchor 1 will be explained.

[0032] First, as shown in Figure 8, the sleeve 2 is incorporated into the mucosa and cortical bone (inside the body). For example, it is preferable to incorporate at least the inclined surfaces 21 and 22 of the outer surface of the sleeve 2 into the inside of the body.

[0033] Next, insert the pin 3 into the through hole 10 of the sleeve 2. For example, with the sleeve 2 incorporated into the living body, it is best to insert the pin 3 from the direction along the axial direction of the sleeve 2 (in the direction of the arrow in Figure 8). For example, insert the pin 3 until the main body 30 of the pin 3 fits inside the through hole 10.

[0034] As shown in Figure 9, the sleeve 2 is expanded by inserting the pin 3. This creates a mechanical fit between the expanded portion of the sleeve 2 (including the inclined surfaces 21 and 22) and the inside of the body, allowing for minimally invasive implantation. Once implanted, a corrective force is applied in the direction of the arrow in Figure 9.

[0035] When removing the device, the pin 3 is removed from the through-hole 10 of the sleeve 2, as shown in Figure 10. For example, the pin 3 should be removed in the direction along the axial direction of the sleeve 2 (in the direction of the upward arrow in Figure 10). Alternatively, the sleeve 2 (expanded portion) may be shrunk at a predetermined temperature. This will cause the sleeve 2 (expanded portion) to return to its original state, allowing for minimally invasive removal.

[0036] Note that heating is not required during removal. The specified temperature mentioned above includes room temperature. Basically, by utilizing the superelasticity of the shape memory alloy, the expanded sleeve 2 returns to its original shape simply by pulling out pin 3.

[0037] <Effects and Effects> As described above, the bio-anchor 1 of the above embodiment is a bio-anchor that is incorporated into a living body. The bio-anchor 1 includes a cylindrical sleeve 2 having a through hole 10 that extends from the outside into the inside of the living body, and a pin 3 that is inserted into the through hole 10 and expands the sleeve 2.

[0038] With this configuration, the sleeve 2 expands upon insertion of the pin 3, allowing it to be held in place by the living organism at the expanded portion during implantation. Furthermore, the sleeve 2 (expanded portion) returns to its original state upon removal of the pin 3, allowing it to be removed from the living organism. In addition, the expanded portion of the sleeve 2 is mechanically fitted with the inside of the living organism, reducing the contact area with the living organism compared to conventional on-plant anchors. Therefore, a minimally invasive bio-anchor 1 that can be implanted and removed can be provided.

[0039] In the above embodiment, the sleeve 2 is formed of a superelastic material. With this configuration, the superelasticity of sleeve 2 (the expanded portion) can be utilized to remove the device from the body more safely.

[0040] In the above embodiment, a slit 11 extending parallel to the through hole 10 is formed in at least a portion of the sleeve 2. With this configuration, the slit 11 makes it easier for the sleeve 2 to expand, allowing for smoother planting.

[0041] In the above embodiment, only one slit 11 is formed and extends in the direction of the opening of the through hole 10. This configuration allows for easier expansion of sleeve 2, resulting in smoother planting.

[0042] In the above embodiment, at least a portion of the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve 2 is formed in a tapered shape that decreases in diameter from one end to the other in the opening direction of the through hole 10. With this configuration, inserting the pin 3 from one end to the other in the opening direction of the through hole 10 causes the sleeve 2 to gradually expand in diameter, allowing for smoother installation.

[0043] In the above embodiment, at least a portion of the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve 2 is formed with inclined surfaces 21 and 22 that gradually decrease in diameter and / or increase in diameter toward one side. With this configuration, by incorporating sleeve 2 (the part forming the inclined surfaces 21, 22) into the living body, a stronger mechanical fit is achieved, allowing for more secure implantation.

[0044] In the above embodiment, the pin 3 is provided with an engaging portion 31 into which a tool for attaching and detaching the pin 3 to and from the sleeve 2 engages. With this configuration, the attachment and detachment of the pin 3 can be made easier by engaging the attachment / detachment device with the engagement portion 31 of the pin 3.

[0045] <Variation> In the above embodiment, the sleeve was described as being made of a superelastic material, but it is not limited to this. For example, the sleeve may be made of a material other than a superelastic material. For example, the sleeve may be made of the same material as the pin (e.g., Ti-6Al-4V). The material used to form the sleeve can be changed according to the design specifications.

[0046] In the above embodiment, an example was given in which a slit extending parallel to the through hole is formed in at least a part of the sleeve, but the invention is not limited to this. For example, the slit may be formed in a zigzag shape. For example, the slit may be formed to include a portion that intersects obliquely with respect to the opening direction of the through hole. For example, the sleeve may not have any slits formed at all. The manner in which the slit is formed can be changed according to the design specifications.

[0047] In the above embodiment, an example was given in which only one slit is formed and extends in the direction of the opening of the through hole, but this is not limited to this. For example, multiple slits may be formed. For example, some of the multiple slits may be formed to include a portion that extends in the direction of the opening of the through hole. The manner in which the slits are formed in the direction of the opening of the through hole can be changed according to the design specifications.

[0048] In the above embodiment, an example was given in which at least a portion of the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve is formed in a tapered shape that decreases in diameter from one end to the other in the opening direction of the through hole, but the embodiment is not limited to this. For example, the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve may be formed to have the same inner diameter (inner circumferential surface of a cylinder) along the opening direction of the through hole. The manner in which the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve is formed can be changed according to the design specifications.

[0049] In the above embodiment, an example was described in which at least a portion of the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve is formed with an inclined surface that gradually decreases in diameter and / or increases in diameter toward one side, but the embodiment is not limited to this. For example, the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve may be formed in a shape that has the same outer diameter (outer circumferential surface of a cylinder) toward one side. The manner in which the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve is formed can be changed according to the design specifications.

[0050] In the above embodiment, the pin was described as having an engaging portion into which a fastening device for attaching and detaching the pin engages with the sleeve, but the invention is not limited to this. For example, the pin does not need to have an engaging portion into which the fastening device engages. The installation method of the engaging portion into which the fastening device engages can be changed according to the design specifications.

[0051] In the following diagrams of modified examples, components similar to those in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed descriptions are omitted. Figure 11 shows a modified example of the sleeve of the embodiment. Figure 12 is a view from arrow XII in Figure 11. Figure 13 is a view from arrow XIII in Figure 11. Referring to Figures 11 to 13, multiple slits 111 are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the sleeve 102. In this modified example, three slits 111 are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the sleeve 102. Note that the number of slits 111 is not limited to the above and can be changed according to the design specifications.

[0052] The slit 111 extends from one end of the through hole 10 in the opening direction to partway through. In this modified example, each of the multiple slits 111 extends from one end of the through hole 10 in the opening direction to the edge of the inclined surface 21. In this modified example, the portion of the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve 2 corresponding to the inclined surfaces 21 and 22 (the portion where the slit 11 is formed) is composed of a tapered surface 15. Note that the manner in which the slit 111 extends and / or the configuration of the tapered surface 15 are not limited to the above and can be changed according to the design specifications.

[0053] In this modified example, multiple slits 111 are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the sleeve 102 and extend from one end of the through hole 10 in the opening direction to partway through. With this configuration, the sleeve 102 can be easily expanded by the multiple slits 111, allowing for smoother planting.

[0054] Figure 14 shows a first modified example of the pin of the embodiment. Figure 15 is a view from the direction of arrow XV in Figure 14. Referring to Figures 14 and 15, the pin 103 has a reduced diameter portion 134 that is smaller in diameter than the portion that contacts the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve.

[0055] The pin 103 comprises a first enlarged diameter portion 135 and a second enlarged diameter portion 136 having portions that contact the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve, a reduced diameter portion 134 that is smaller in diameter than the first enlarged diameter portion 135 and the second enlarged diameter portion 136, and an engaging portion 31 into which a tool for attaching and detaching the pin 103 to and from the sleeve engages.

[0056] Each of the first enlarged diameter portion 135, the second enlarged diameter portion 136, and the reduced diameter portion 134 is formed in a cylindrical shape. The reduced diameter portion 134 is formed in a cylindrical shape that is smaller in diameter than the maximum diameter of the first enlarged diameter portion 135 and the second enlarged diameter portion 136. The first enlarged diameter portion 135 is provided on the side of the reduced diameter portion 134 opposite to the engaging portion 31. The first enlarged diameter portion 135 is curved radially outward. The second enlarged diameter portion 136 is provided between the reduced diameter portion 134 and the engaging portion 31.

[0057] In this modified example, the pin 103 includes a reduced-diameter portion 134 that is smaller in diameter than the portion that contacts the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve. This configuration reduces friction when inserting pin 103, allowing for smoother planting.

[0058] Figure 16 shows a second modified example of the pin in the embodiment. Referring also to Figure 16, the pin 203 comprises a first enlarged diameter portion 235 and a second enlarged diameter portion 236 having portions that contact the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve, a reduced diameter portion 234 that is smaller in diameter than the first enlarged diameter portion 235 and the second enlarged diameter portion 236, and an engaging portion 31 into which a tool for attaching and detaching the pin 203 to and from the sleeve engages.

[0059] Each of the first enlarged diameter section 235, the second enlarged diameter section 236, and the reduced diameter section 234 is formed in a cylindrical shape. The reduced diameter section 234 is formed in a cylindrical shape that is smaller in diameter than the maximum diameter of the first enlarged diameter section 235 and the second enlarged diameter section 236. The first enlarged diameter section 235 and the second enlarged diameter section 236 are formed in cylindrical shapes that are the same as each other.

[0060] In this modified example, the pin 203 includes a reduced-diameter portion 234 that is smaller in diameter than the portion that contacts the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve. This configuration reduces friction when inserting pin 203, allowing for smoother installation.

[0061] Figure 17 shows a third modified example of the pin of the embodiment. Figure 18 is a view from arrow XVIII in Figure 17. Figure 19 is a view from arrow XIX in Figure 17. Figure 20 shows an example in which the slit is filled with the convex portion of the pin. Figure 21 shows an example in which a wire is passed through the through holes of the sleeve and the pin and tied together. In Figures 20 and 21, the sleeve 302 is shown by a dashed line. Referring to Figures 17 to 21, the pin 303 has a reduced diameter portion 334 that is smaller in diameter than the portion that contacts the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve 302.

[0062] The pin 303 comprises a first enlarged diameter portion 335 and a second enlarged diameter portion 336 having portions that contact the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve 302, a reduced diameter portion 334 that is smaller in diameter than the first enlarged diameter portion 335 and the second enlarged diameter portion 336, an engaging portion 31 into which a tool for attaching and detaching the pin 303 to and from the sleeve 302 engages, and a connecting portion 337 connected to the engaging portion 31 and configured to contact one end face of the sleeve 302.

[0063] The first enlarged diameter portion 335, the second enlarged diameter portion 336, and the reduced diameter portion 334 are each formed in a cylindrical shape. The reduced diameter portion 334 is formed in a cylindrical shape that is smaller in diameter than the maximum diameter of the first enlarged diameter portion 335 and the second enlarged diameter portion 336. The first enlarged diameter portion 335 is provided on the side of the reduced diameter portion 334 opposite to the engaging portion 31. The first enlarged diameter portion 335 is curved radially outward. The second enlarged diameter portion 336 is provided between the reduced diameter portion 334 and the connecting portion 337.

[0064] The pin 303 is provided with a projection 338 that fills at least a portion of the slit 11. Only one projection 338 is provided corresponding to the slit 11. The projection 338 extends parallel to the axial direction. The projection 338 is provided across the first enlarged diameter portion 335, the reduced diameter portion 334, and the second enlarged diameter portion 336. The projection 338 protrudes radially outward from the first enlarged diameter portion 335, the second enlarged diameter portion 336, and the connecting portion 337.

[0065] Through holes 302h, 336h, and 337h for passing wires are formed in the sleeve 302 and the pin 303, respectively. One through hole 336h and 337h of the pin 303 is formed in the second enlarged diameter portion 336 and the connecting portion 337, respectively. Each through hole 336h and 337h of the pin 303 is formed to open in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the pin 303. The through hole 302h of the sleeve 302 is formed at a position corresponding to one of the through holes 336h of the pin 303. With the slit 11 filled by the protrusion 338 of the pin 303, the through hole 302h of the sleeve 302 is connected to the through hole 336h of the pin 303.

[0066] In this modified example, the pin 303 includes a reduced-diameter portion 334 that is smaller in diameter than the portion that contacts the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve 302. This configuration reduces friction when inserting pin 303, allowing for smoother planting.

[0067] In this modified example, the pin 303 is provided with a protrusion 338 that fills at least a portion of the slit 11. With this configuration, the protrusion 338 of the pin 303 fills the slit 11, which prevents biological tissue (such as regenerating bone) from entering the slit 11 after implantation.

[0068] In this modified example, through holes 302h, 336h, and 337h for passing wires are formed in the sleeve 302 and the pin 303, respectively. With this configuration, the pin 303 can be prevented from falling out by passing a wire through the respective through holes 302h, 336h, and 337h of the sleeve 302 and pin 303 and tying it.

[0069] Furthermore, the two structures (sleeve and pin) may be secured not only by connecting them with a thin wire, but also by fasteners such as clips. Also, the wire is not limited to metal, but may be made of various materials. The method of securing the two structures can be changed according to the design specifications.

[0070] In the above embodiment, a biocompatible anchor incorporated into the living body was described using an orthodontic anchor incorporated into the cortical bone as an example, but it is not limited to this. For example, biocompatible anchors can be applied not only to orthodontic treatment but also to the loss of permanent teeth and in the medical field. For example, biocompatible anchors can be applied to removable dentures (overdentures) that are attached to implants. Furthermore, biocompatible anchors can be applied to fixation devices that lengthen the jawbone in conjunction with oral surgery, or to fixation devices for callus lengthening procedures of the limbs performed in orthopedic surgery. The application method of biocompatible anchors can be changed according to the design specifications.

[0071] Furthermore, the mechanical fit utilizing the properties of shape memory alloys may be combined with chemical bonding properties achieved by treating the surface of the metal body. For example, it is possible to create a double, stronger fixation using "mechanical fit + chemical bonding" as needed.

[0072] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited thereto, and additions, omissions, substitutions, and other modifications of the configuration are possible without departing from the spirit of the invention, and the above-described modifications can be combined as appropriate. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0073] 1… Biomedical anchors 2...Sleeves 3... pin 10…Through hole 11…Slit 21,22…Slope surface 31...Engaging part 102... Sleeves 103...pin 111... Slit 134...Reduced diameter part 203... pin 234...Reduced diameter part 302... Sleeves 302h... Through hole 303... pin 334...Reduced diameter part 336h... Through hole 337h... Through hole 338... protruding part

Claims

1. A biological anchor that is incorporated into a living organism, A cylindrical sleeve having a through-hole formed therein that extends from the outside into the inside of the living organism, Includes a pin that is inserted into the through hole and expands the sleeve, A biological anchor.

2. The aforementioned sleeve is formed of a superelastic material. A biological anchor according to claim 1.

3. A slit extending parallel to the through hole is formed in at least a portion of the sleeve. A biological anchor according to claim 1 or 2.

4. Only one slit is formed, and it extends in the direction of the opening of the through hole. A biological anchor according to claim 3.

5. The aforementioned slits are formed in multiple equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the sleeve and extend from one end in the opening direction of the through hole to partway through. A biological anchor according to claim 3.

6. At least a portion of the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve is formed in a tapered shape that decreases in diameter from one end to the other in the opening direction of the through hole. A biological anchor according to claim 1 or 2.

7. At least a portion of the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve is formed with an inclined surface that gradually decreases in diameter and / or increases in diameter toward one side. A biological anchor according to claim 1 or 2.

8. The pin has a reduced diameter portion that is smaller in diameter than the portion that contacts the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve. A biological anchor according to claim 1 or 2.

9. The pin has a protrusion that fills at least a portion of the slit. A biological anchor according to claim 3.

10. Each of the sleeve and the pin has a through hole formed in it for passing a wire through. A biological anchor according to claim 1 or 2.

11. The pin has an engagement portion into which a tool for attaching and detaching the pin engages with the sleeve. A biological anchor according to claim 1 or 2.

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