Carbon dioxide fixation apparatus and carbon dioxide fixation method

Abstract

The object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art, namely, to provide a carbon dioxide fixation device that can fix carbon dioxide in concrete structures, and a carbon dioxide fixation method using the same. [Solution] The carbon dioxide fixation device of the present invention is a device for fixing carbon dioxide in a concrete structure, and comprises a first sheet material, a second sheet material, a wall suction means, and a wall supply means. The wall suction means creates negative pressure between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material, causing the dissolving solution supplied between the first wall surface and the first sheet material to move through the interior of the concrete structure, and the carbon dioxide (or alkali metal carbonate) contained in the dissolving solution reacts with the concrete, thereby fixing the carbon dioxide in the concrete structure.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a technology for reducing carbon dioxide (CO2), and more specifically, to a device for fixing carbon dioxide in concrete structures and a method using the same. [Background technology]

[0002] Concrete, along with steel, is one of the most important construction materials, and is used in a wide variety of structures, including civil engineering structures such as dams, tunnels, and bridges, as well as building structures such as apartment buildings and office buildings. While concrete structures are sometimes manufactured in advance in factories and transported to the designated location, in the case of civil engineering and building structures, they are often constructed directly at the designated site. In any case, concrete structures are constructed by pouring fresh concrete (a mixture of cement, water, and aggregates) into formwork, waiting for the concrete to harden, and then removing the formwork.

[0003] Because concrete is weak against tensile forces, many concrete structures are made of reinforced concrete (RC) with steel reinforcement. In other words, in RC structures, the steel reinforcement bears the tensile force, and the concrete bears the compressive force. Therefore, if the concrete becomes unable to bear the compressive force due to deterioration, or if the steel reinforcement becomes unable to bear the tensile force due to deterioration, the RC structure will lose its load-bearing capacity, which was originally required. Various failure mechanisms of RC structures have been elucidated so far, and one of them is corrosion of the steel reinforcement.

[0004] Concrete generates calcium hydroxide through the hydration reaction of cement, and some of it dissolves into the pore solution. The pores of healthy concrete are then filled with this calcium hydroxide solution. This calcium hydroxide solution is strongly alkaline (pH 12-13), and it is known that in such a highly alkaline environment, a layer of oxide called a passivation film forms on the surface of the reinforcing steel. This passivation film prevents corrosion of the reinforcing steel in the concrete.

[0005] However, due to the penetration of airborne salt from seawater or de-icing agents into the concrete, or due to the use of salt-containing materials such as sea sand or sea gravel, chloride ions (Cl) exceeding the permissible limit can accumulate in the concrete. - ) may also contain ions. In this case, the passive film is destroyed by chloride ions, resulting in "salt damage," where the corrosion of the reinforcing steel progresses due to the water and oxygen contained in the concrete.

[0006] Furthermore, similar to salt damage, corrosion of reinforcing steel due to "neutralization (carbonation)" is also a cause for concern. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) in the exhaust fumes of automobiles, acid rain containing sulfur dioxide, and the increasing concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere in recent years can cause carbon dioxide to penetrate into concrete beyond acceptable limits. When this carbon dioxide reacts with calcium hydroxide, the environment inside the concrete changes from highly alkaline to near-neutral. However, it is known that the passivation film is destroyed in a neutral environment (pH less than 11), and as a result, corrosion of the reinforcing steel progresses due to water and oxygen in the concrete.

[0007] Many reinforced concrete (RC) structures built in Japan have been in service for a long time, and those built during the construction boom leading up to the Tokyo Olympics are now over 50 years old. As a result, various deterioration phenomena of RC structures are attracting attention, and various construction methods have been proposed to repair and reinforce deteriorated RC structures. For example, Patent Document 1 proposes a repair technology for RC structures using the Aqua Curtain (registered trademark) method developed by the patent holder, namely an electrochemical repair method using the Aqua Curtain method in combination. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 7190312 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0009] Incidentally, Japan has declared its aim to achieve "carbon neutrality," meaning that its total greenhouse gas emissions will be zero by 2050, and the trend towards decarbonization is accelerating in all fields. For example, in the construction sector, the large amount of carbon dioxide emitted during the production of cement for concrete is considered a challenge, and efforts are being made to develop various technologies to solve this problem.

[0010] While reducing the amount of concrete used could be considered as a way to reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the construction sector, reinforced concrete (RC) structures are indispensable to Japan's infrastructure, and ensuring their quality requires that they be made with an appropriate amount of cement. Furthermore, as mentioned above, concrete has the property of becoming neutralized when carbon dioxide reacts with calcium hydroxide; in other words, concrete structures (including RC structures) have the property of fixing carbon dioxide inside by reacting with calcium hydroxide.

[0011] Until now, concrete carbonation has been considered an undesirable condition due to the corrosion of reinforcing steel, and therefore measures have been taken to reduce carbonation. On the other hand, considering the characteristic of concrete structures to fix carbon dioxide, it is conceivable to actively promote carbonation in order to achieve carbon neutrality. However, until now, concrete carbonation has only been viewed as an undesirable condition, and no technology to actively promote carbonation has been proposed.

[0012] The object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art, namely, to provide a carbon dioxide fixation device that can fix carbon dioxide in concrete structures, and a carbon dioxide fixation method using the same. [Means for solving the problem]

[0013] This invention focuses on the idea of ​​more effectively fixing carbon dioxide to concrete structures by utilizing an aqua curtain, and is based on a completely new concept.

[0014] The carbon dioxide fixation device of the present invention is a device for fixing carbon dioxide in a concrete structure, and comprises a first sheet material, a second sheet material, a wall suction means, and a wall supply means. Of these, one surface of the first sheet material is provided with a plurality of convex protrusions, and the second sheet material is positioned closer to the wall surface of the concrete structure than the first sheet material. The wall suction means is a means for sucking air between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material, and the wall supply means is a means for supplying a solution containing carbon dioxide (or alkali metal carbonate) between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material. The first sheet material, the second sheet material, the wall supply means, and the wall suction means are installed on the first wall surface of the concrete structure, and the first sheet material and the wall suction means are installed on the second wall surface of the concrete structure. Then, the wall suction means creates negative pressure between both walls of the concrete structure (the first wall and the second wall) and the first sheet material, causing the dissolving solution supplied between the first wall and the first sheet material to move through the interior of the concrete structure. The carbon dioxide (or alkali metal carbonate) contained in the dissolving solution reacts with the concrete, fixing the carbon dioxide to the concrete structure.

[0015] The carbon dioxide fixation device of the present invention may further be equipped with an internal suction means. This internal suction means is a means for sucking air from one or more suction holes formed inside the concrete structure. In this case, the wall suction means creates negative pressure between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material, and the internal suction means creates negative pressure in the suction holes, causing the dissolving liquid to move inside the concrete structure, and carbon dioxide (or alkali metal carbonate) contained in the dissolving liquid reacts with the concrete, thereby fixing carbon dioxide to the concrete structure.

[0016] The carbon dioxide fixation device of the present invention may further include an internal suction means, and a first sheet material, a second sheet material, a wall supply means, and a wall suction means may be installed on the first and second walls of the concrete structure, respectively. In this case, the wall suction means creates negative pressure between both walls of the concrete structure and the first sheet material, and the suction holes are also created negative pressure by the internal suction means, causing the dissolved liquid to move into the interior of the concrete structure.

[0017] The carbon dioxide fixation device of the present invention may further be equipped with an internal supply means. This internal supply means is a means for supplying a solution containing carbon dioxide (or alkali metal carbonate) under pressure to one or more supply holes formed inside the concrete structure. In this case, the wall suction means creates negative pressure between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material, and the internal supply means supplies the solution to the supply holes, causing the solution to move inside the concrete structure, and the carbon dioxide (or alkali metal carbonate) contained in the solution reacts with the concrete, thereby fixing the carbon dioxide to the concrete structure.

[0018] The carbon dioxide fixation device of the present invention may further include an internal supply means, and a first sheet material and a wall suction means may be installed on the first and second walls of the concrete structure, respectively. In this case, the wall suction means creates negative pressure between both walls of the concrete structure and the first sheet material, and the internal supply means supplies the dissolving solution to the supply hole, causing the dissolving solution supplied to the supply hole to move inside the concrete structure.

[0019] The carbon dioxide fixation device of the present invention can also be provided with a first sheet material, a second sheet material, a wall suction means, an internal suction means, a wall supply means, and an internal supply means. The suction holes are arranged on the wall surface side of the concrete structure rather than the supply holes. In this case, when the space between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material is made negative pressure by the wall suction means and the suction holes are made negative pressure by the internal suction means, the dissolved liquid supplied by the wall supply means and the internal supply means moves inside the concrete structure, and the carbon dioxide (or carbonate of an alkali metal) contained in the dissolved liquid reacts with the concrete, whereby the carbon dioxide is fixed to the concrete structure.

[0020] The carbon dioxide fixation device of the present invention can also be provided with a first sheet material, a wall suction means, an internal suction means, and an internal supply means. The supply holes are arranged on the wall surface side of the concrete structure rather than the suction holes. In this case, when the space between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material is made negative pressure by the wall suction means and the suction holes are made negative pressure by the internal suction means, the dissolved liquid supplied by the internal supply means moves inside the concrete structure, and the carbon dioxide (or carbonate of an alkali metal) contained in the dissolved liquid reacts with the concrete, whereby the carbon dioxide is fixed to the concrete structure.

[0021] The carbon dioxide fixation device of the present invention can also be such that the concrete structure is constructed of permeable concrete.

[0022] )]] The carbon dioxide fixation method of the present invention is a method for fixing carbon dioxide to a concrete structure, and includes a sheet installation step, a back sheet installation step, a wall suction step, and a wall supply step. In the sheet installation step, the first sheet material and the second sheet material are installed on the first wall surface such that the second sheet material is closer to the wall surface side of the concrete structure than the first sheet material. In the back sheet installation step, the first sheet material is installed on the second wall surface. In the wall suction step, the air between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material is sucked. In the wall supply step, a solution containing carbon dioxide (or a carbonate of an alkali metal) is supplied between the first wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material. Then, by applying a negative pressure between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material, the solution supplied between the first wall surface and the first sheet material moves inside the concrete structure, and the carbon dioxide (or a carbonate of an alkali metal) contained in the solution reacts with the concrete, thereby fixing the carbon dioxide to the concrete structure. <00,00096> The carbon dioxide fixation method of the present invention can also be a method further including an internal suction step. In this internal suction step, the air in one or more suction holes formed inside the concrete structure is sucked to create a negative pressure in the suction holes. In this case, by applying a negative pressure between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material and also applying a negative pressure to the suction holes, the solution moves inside the concrete structure, and the carbon dioxide (or a carbonate of an alkali metal) contained in the solution reacts with the concrete, thereby fixing the carbon dioxide to the concrete structure.

[0024] The carbon dioxide fixation method of the present invention may further include an internal supply step. In this internal supply step, a solution containing carbon dioxide (or alkali metal carbonate) is supplied under pressure to one or more supply holes formed inside the concrete structure. In this case, a negative pressure is created between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material, and as the solution is supplied to the supply holes, the solution moves inside the concrete structure, and the carbon dioxide (or alkali metal carbonate) contained in the solution reacts with the concrete, thereby fixing the carbon dioxide in the concrete structure.

[0025] The carbon dioxide fixation method of the present invention may also be a method comprising a sheet installation step, a wall suction step, an internal suction step, a wall supply step, and an internal supply step. The suction holes are positioned on the wall side of the concrete structure than the supply holes. In this case, the wall suction step creates negative pressure between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material, and the internal suction step creates negative pressure at the suction holes. As a result, the dissolving solution supplied in the wall supply step and the internal supply step moves inside the concrete structure, and the carbon dioxide (or alkali metal carbonate) contained in the dissolving solution reacts with the concrete, thereby fixing the carbon dioxide to the concrete structure.

[0026] The carbon dioxide fixation method of the present invention may also be a method comprising a sheet installation step, a wall suction step, an internal suction step, and an internal supply step. The supply hole is positioned on the wall side of the concrete structure than the suction hole. In this case, the wall suction step creates negative pressure between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material, and the internal suction step creates negative pressure at the suction hole, causing the solution supplied in the internal supply step to move inside the concrete structure, and the carbon dioxide (or alkali metal carbonate) contained in the solution reacts with the concrete, thereby fixing the carbon dioxide to the concrete structure. [Effects of the Invention]

[0027] The carbon dioxide fixation device and carbon dioxide fixation method of the present invention have the following effects. (1) By utilizing the aqua curtain, actual concrete structures can be used as environments that promote carbon dioxide sequestration. (2) By providing a dissolving solution (containing carbon dioxide or alkali metal carbonate) to the wall surface and creating negative pressure by drawing in small-diameter (approximately φ20 mm) suction holes provided inside the concrete, the fixation of carbon dioxide can be promoted not only on the concrete surface but also inside the concrete. (3) By supplying the dissolving solution under pressure to a small-diameter (approximately φ20 mm) supply hole provided inside the concrete, and by creating negative pressure on the wall surface, carbon dioxide fixation can be promoted not only on the concrete surface but also inside the concrete. (4) By applying it to highly permeable concrete, carbon dioxide can be more efficiently fixed into the concrete. (5) Although a highly alkaline solution is used, it can be applied safely without scattering into the surrounding area. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0028] [Figure 1] A schematic cross-sectional view showing a concrete structure with the carbon dioxide fixation device of the present invention installed. [Figure 2] A graph showing the relationship between the ion dissociation state of carbonate and pH. [Figure 3] A schematic cross-sectional view showing a concrete structure with an external suction type carbon dioxide fixation device installed. [Figure 4] (a) is a cross-sectional view showing the first sheet material, and (b) is a plan view showing the first sheet material. [Figure 5] (a) is a schematic step diagram showing the situation before the wall suction means sucks the air from inside the first sheet material on the first wall side, and (b) is a schematic step diagram showing the situation after the wall suction means sucks the air from inside the first sheet material on the first wall side. [Figure 6](a) is a schematic step diagram showing the situation before the wall suction means sucks the air from inside the first sheet material on the second wall side, and (b) is a schematic step diagram showing the situation after the wall suction means sucks the air from inside the first sheet material on the second wall side. [Figure 7] A schematic cross-sectional view showing a concrete structure with an external suction type carbon dioxide fixation device installed only on the first wall surface. [Figure 8] A schematic cross-sectional view showing a concrete structure with an internal suction type carbon dioxide fixation device installed. [Figure 9] A schematic cross-sectional view showing a concrete structure with two suction holes into which an internal suction type carbon dioxide fixation device is installed. [Figure 10] A schematic cross-sectional view showing a concrete structure with an external carbon dioxide fixation device installed. [Figure 11] A schematic cross-sectional view showing an external carbon dioxide fixation device installed in a concrete structure with two supply holes. [Figure 12] A schematic cross-sectional view showing a concrete structure with an external supply type combined carbon dioxide sequestration system installed. [Figure 13] A schematic cross-sectional view showing a concrete structure with an internally supplied, combined carbon dioxide fixation device installed. [Figure 14] A schematic cross-sectional view showing a concrete structure with an external supply type carbon dioxide fixation device installed. [Figure 15] A flowchart illustrating the main steps of a carbon dioxide fixation method using an external suction type carbon dioxide fixation device. [Figure 16] A flowchart illustrating the main steps of a carbon dioxide fixation method using an internal suction type carbon dioxide fixation device. [Figure 17] A flowchart illustrating the main steps of a carbon dioxide fixation method using an externally supplied, combined carbon dioxide fixation unit. [Figure 18] A flowchart illustrating the main steps of a carbon dioxide fixation method using an internally supplied, combined carbon dioxide fixation unit. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0029] Examples of the carbon dioxide fixation device and carbon dioxide fixation method of the present invention will be explained with reference to the figures. The present invention applies the Aqua Curtain method developed by the applicant of the present invention to fix carbon dioxide in concrete structures. The concrete structures targeted by the present invention may be newly constructed for the purpose of the present invention, or they may be existing structures constructed independently of the present invention. Furthermore, the invention may target ordinary reinforced concrete structures or unreinforced concrete structures.

[0030] 1. Carbon dioxide fixation device The carbon dioxide fixation device of the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the figures. The carbon dioxide fixation method of the present invention is a method of fixing carbon dioxide in a concrete structure using the carbon dioxide fixation device of the present invention. Therefore, the carbon dioxide fixation device of the present invention will be explained first, and then the carbon dioxide fixation method of the present invention will be explained.

[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the carbon dioxide fixation device 100 of the present invention installed on a concrete structure CS. As shown in this figure, the carbon dioxide fixation device 100 of the present invention is composed of a first sheet material 110 and a wall suction means 130, and can also be composed of a second sheet material 120, a wall supply means 140, an internal suction means, an internal supply means, etc., which will be described later. The wall suction means 130 can be composed of an intake pipe 131 and an intake device 132 using a pump, and the wall supply means 140 can be composed of a supply pipe 141, a water supply device 142 such as a submersible pump, a water supply pipe 143, and a water tank 144.

[0032] One of the technical features of the present invention is the use of the Aqua Curtain method to inject a dissolving liquid SL into the interior of a concrete structure CS. When the dissolving liquid SL enters the concrete, the carbon dioxide contained in the dissolving liquid SL reacts with the concrete, and as a result, the carbon dioxide is fixed in the concrete structure CS. Therefore, the dissolving liquid SL used in the present invention includes CO2-dissolved water such as carbonated water and CO2 nanobubble water, and dissolved water of "alkali metal carbonates" such as potassium carbonate and lithium carbonate.

[0033] As previously mentioned, pores are formed inside the hardened concrete, and these pores are filled with an aqueous calcium hydroxide solution. On the other hand, the dissolved solution SL, in which carbon dioxide is dissolved, becomes carbonic acid as shown in equation (1), and then carbonic acid undergoes ionic dissociation as shown in equation (2) or equation (3). It is known that the ionic dissociation state of carbonic acid differs depending on the pH of the solution; as shown in Figure 2, when the pH of the solution is high, it becomes the state shown in equation (3), and when the pH of the solution is not so high, it becomes the state shown in equation (2). CO2 + H2O → H2CO3 (1) H2CO3→H + +HCO3 - (2) H2CO3 → 2H + +CO3 2- (3)

[0034] Then, when the dissolving solution SL reaches the interior of the concrete, this dissolving solution SL reacts with the calcium hydroxide aqueous solution in the pores. In typical concrete, the pH of the solution in the pores is high, and therefore the carbonic acid (H2CO3) contained in the dissolving solution SL reacts with the carbonate ions (CO3) shown in equation (3). 2- It dissociates as ) and often reacts with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) to produce calcium carbonate (CaCO3), as shown in equation (4). Ca(OH)2+2H2CO3→CaCO3+2H2O (4)

[0035] Thus, the dissolved solution SL, once introduced into the concrete, is transformed into a state as shown in equations (1) through (3) (or equation (2)), and then reacts according to equation (4). Through this series of reactions, the carbon dioxide contained in the dissolved solution SL is fixed to the concrete structure CS.

[0036] In the present invention, when supplying the dissolved liquid SL using the Aqua Curtain method, there are two main methods: supplying the dissolved liquid SL from outside the concrete structure CS (hereinafter referred to as the "external supply method") and supplying it using a perforation provided inside the concrete structure CS (hereinafter referred to as the "supply hole") (hereinafter referred to as the "internal supply method"). Furthermore, the external supply method can be further divided into a method of suction from outside the concrete structure CS (hereinafter referred to as the "external suction method") and a method of suction using a perforation provided inside the concrete structure CS (hereinafter referred to as the "suction hole") (hereinafter referred to as the "internal suction method"). Therefore, we will explain the external suction method, the internal suction method, and the external supply method separately.

[0037] 1-1. External suction type carbon dioxide fixation device Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a concrete structure CS with an external suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100 (hereinafter simply referred to as "external suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100A") installed. As shown in this figure, the external suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100A can be used particularly effectively on concrete structures CS that have at least two opposing surfaces (hereinafter referred to as "first wall surface" and "second wall surface"), such as a wall. The configuration involves supplying the dissolved solution SL while suctioning on the first wall surface (right side in the figure) and performing suction only on the second wall surface (left side in the figure). The main elements constituting the external suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100A will be described below.

[0038] (Sheet material) A first sheet material 110 and a second sheet material 120 are laid on the first and second walls of the concrete structure CS, respectively. However, the second sheet material 120 is positioned closer to the wall surface of the concrete structure CS than the first sheet material 110; in other words, the second sheet material 120 is sandwiched between the first sheet material 110 and the concrete structure CS. The first sheet material 110, as shown in Figure 4, is a member consisting of a thin, waterproof sheet base material 111 with convex protrusions 112, and can be made of, for example, bubble wrap. Of course, any member consisting of a waterproof sheet base material 111 and multiple protrusions 112 can be used as the first sheet material 110, not limited to bubble wrap.

[0039] As shown in the cross-sectional view of Figure 4(a), the first sheet material 110 has a plurality of protrusions 112 on one side of the sheet base material 111. For convenience, the side with the protrusions 112 (right side in the figure) will be referred to as the "back side," and the opposite side (left side in the figure) as the "front side." The first sheet material 110 is positioned so that its back side faces the concrete structure CS (i.e., the second sheet material 120 side), and then installed on the wall surface of the concrete structure CS. When installing the first sheet material 110, various conventional methods can be used, such as fixing it with screws or nails, or attaching it with adhesive. However, it is preferable to install it using only a part of the first sheet material 110, such as fixing only the perimeter of the first sheet material 110.

[0040] As can be seen from the plan view in Figure 4(b), the protrusions 112 are arranged at predetermined intervals. In other words, as can be seen from Figure 4(a), a step is created between the areas where the protrusions 112 are not provided and the areas where they are not. As a result, even if the first sheet material 110 is in close contact with the first wall surface of the concrete structure CS, a small space (hereinafter referred to as the "void") is formed in the area where the protrusions 112 are not present.

[0041] The second sheet material 120 is a thin-walled member with water-retaining properties, for example, with a water retention capacity of 30 g / m².2 A nonwoven fabric of a certain degree can be used. Of course, any thin material with water-retentive properties can be used as the second sheet material 120, not limited to nonwoven fabrics. When installing the second sheet material 120, it can be directly attached to the wall surface of the concrete structure CS while it has absorbed water, or it can be fixed using screws or nails, or attached using adhesive, using various conventional methods. As described above, the first sheet material 110 and the second sheet material 120 are laid on the first wall surface of the concrete structure CS. On the other hand, the first sheet material 110 and the second sheet material 120 can also be laid on the second wall surface of the concrete structure CS, or the second sheet material 120 can be omitted and only the first sheet material 110 can be laid. When the second sheet material 120 is laid, it is possible to form a uniform water film over the entire wall surface, and it is also possible to prevent transfer patterns that occur when the protrusions 112 of the first sheet material 110 are in close contact with the concrete structure CS.

[0042] (Wall suction means) The wall suction means 130 is a means for sucking air between the wall surface of the concrete structure CS and the first sheet material 110 (hereinafter simply referred to as "inside the first sheet material 110"). For example, as shown in Figure 1, the wall suction means 130 can be configured such that an intake device 132 sucks air from inside the first sheet material 110 through an intake pipe 131 that penetrates a part of the first sheet material 110.

[0043] Figure 5 is a step diagram showing the situation in which the wall suction means 130 is performing suction on the first wall side, where (a) schematically shows the situation before the wall suction means 130 is performing suction on the first sheet material 110, and (b) schematically shows the situation after the wall suction means 130 is performing suction on the first sheet material 110. Similarly, Figure 6 is a step diagram showing the situation in which the wall suction means 130 is performing suction on the second wall side, where (a) schematically shows the situation before the wall suction means 130 is performing suction on the first sheet material 110, and (b) schematically shows the situation after the wall suction means 130 is performing suction on the first sheet material 110.

[0044] After the first sheet material 110 is laid on the wall surface of the concrete structure CS, and before the wall suction means 130 sucks the air out of the first sheet material 110, a small gap is created between the wall surface of the concrete structure CS and the first sheet material 110, as shown in Figures 5(a) and 6(a). On the other hand, once the wall suction means 130 starts sucking the air out of the first sheet material 110, the first sheet material 110 is close to the wall surface of the concrete structure CS, as shown in Figures 5(b) and 6(b). When the air out of the first sheet material 110 is sucked out by the wall suction means 130, a negative pressure is created inside the first sheet material 110, and as a result, the wall surface of the concrete structure CS and the first sheet material 110 become tightly attached. However, as can be seen from Figures 5(b) and 6(b), due to the effect of the multiple protrusions 112, multiple "voids" are formed inside the first sheet material 110.

[0045] (Wall supply means) The wall supply means 140 is a means for flowing the dissolving liquid SL into the first sheet material 110 that is in close contact with the first wall surface of the concrete structure CS (i.e., between the first wall surface and the first sheet material 110). For example, as shown in Figure 1, the wall supply means 140 can be configured such that the dissolving liquid SL stored in the water tank 144 is pumped up by the water supply device 142, the water supply device 142 then sends the dissolving liquid SL through the water supply pipe 143 to the supply pipe 141 laid inside the first sheet material 110, and the dissolving liquid SL flows down from the supply pipe 141 into the first sheet material 110.

[0046] The supply pipe 141 is positioned along the first wall surface of the concrete structure CS (in the depth direction of the paper in Figure 1), and the dissolving liquid SL flows down into the first sheet material 110 through a plurality of small holes provided in the supply pipe 141. The dissolving liquid SL that has flowed down into the first sheet material 110 may also be sucked up along with air by the wall suction means 130, in which case the sucked-up dissolving liquid SL may be returned to the water tank 144 and circulated as shown in Figure 1.

[0047] When the dissolving solution SL is supplied into the first sheet material 110 by the wall portion supply means 140, the dissolving solution SL spreads over the entire surface of the first wall surface. At this time, the dissolving solution SL can flow through the second sheet material 120. That is, even in the portion where the protrusion 112 and the first wall surface are in close contact, due to the effect of the interposition of the second sheet material 120, the dissolving solution SL can flow over the entire wall surface.

[0048] When the dissolving solution SL is supplied into the first sheet material 110 on the first wall surface by the wall portion supply means 140, and further the inside of the first sheet material 110 on both walls is made negative pressure by the suction of the wall portion suction means 130, the dissolving solution SL moves toward the inside of the concrete structure CS as shown in FIG. 3 (that is, from the first wall surface toward the second wall surface). Then, when the dissolving solution SL enters the inside of the concrete structure CS, the dissolving solution SL reacts with the calcium hydroxide aqueous solution in the concrete, and thereby the carbon dioxide contained in the dissolving solution SL is fixed to the concrete structure CS.

[0049] (Concrete structure) In order to widely fix carbon dioxide to the concrete structure CS, it is desirable that this concrete structure CS has high water permeability. Of course, a concrete structure CS using general concrete can also be the object of the present invention, but its water permeability coefficient is about 1×10 -9 cm / s to 1×10 -12 cm / s, which is not suitable for fixing carbon dioxide to the entire concrete structure CS. When fixing carbon dioxide over a wide range, for example, a concrete (hereinafter referred to as "water-permeable concrete") showing a higher water permeability coefficient than general concrete, such as porous concrete having a water permeability coefficient of about 1×10 -1 cm / s to 1×10 -2 cm / s, may be the object of the present invention of the concrete structure CS. In addition to porous concrete, water-permeable concrete generated by blending special materials can also be used. The inventors of the present application have found that by blending aluminum fibers or natural fibers (for example, sisal hemp, etc.), the water permeability coefficient is 1×10-3 cm / s ~ 1 × 10 -4 We discovered that concrete with a permeability coefficient of approximately cm / s can be produced. The aluminum fibers mixed into the concrete generate hydrogen gas, and voids associated with this hydrogen gas are formed within the concrete, resulting in a higher permeability coefficient compared to ordinary concrete. Furthermore, adding natural fibers in addition to aluminum fibers also produces permeable concrete. Thus, using concrete structures CS constructed with permeable concrete is advantageous because it allows for the sequestering of carbon dioxide over a wider area within the concrete structure CS.

[0050] Up to this point, the external suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100A has been described in a configuration in which the dissolving liquid SL is supplied and sucked at the first wall, and only sucked at the second wall, based on the premise that the external suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100A can be used particularly effectively for concrete structures CS having a first wall and a second wall. However, in cases where the external suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100A is applied to concrete structures CS with large wall thicknesses, it is also possible to configure the device to supply and suck the dissolving liquid SL at a part of the concrete structure CS. For example, in Figure 7, the device is configured to supply and suck the dissolving liquid SL only at the first wall of the concrete structure CS. In this case, a first sheet material 110 and a second sheet material 120 are laid on the first wall, and a wall suction means 130 for sucking air from inside the first sheet material 110 and a wall supply means 140 for supplying the dissolving liquid SL into the first sheet material 110 are installed.

[0051] 1-2. Internal suction type carbon dioxide fixation device Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a concrete structure CS with an internal suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100 (hereinafter simply referred to as "internal suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100B") installed. The internal suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100B will be described below with reference to this figure. The internal suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100B includes some of the components of the external suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100A described so far. Therefore, explanations that overlap with those explained for the external suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100A will be avoided, and explanations will mainly focus on those specific to the internal suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100B. In other words, anything not described here is the same as what was explained in "1-1. External Suction Type Carbon Dioxide Fixation Device".

[0052] The internal suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100B can be used in concrete structures CS having opposing first and second walls, such as walls, as shown in Figure 8, or in concrete structures CS having only one wall, or in concrete structures CS having three or more walls. However, the concrete structures CS targeted by the internal suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100B have a "suction hole HP" formed inside. This suction hole HP is a hole that is stopped inside the concrete structure CS without penetrating (i.e., a bottomed hole). The suction hole HP can be formed in only one location within the concrete structure CS, as shown in Figure 8, or in two or more locations (two locations in the figure) depending on the thickness of the concrete structure CS members, as shown in Figure 9. Of course, when fixing carbon dioxide over a wide area inside the concrete structure CS, it is preferable to use a concrete structure CS constructed of permeable concrete.

[0053] Furthermore, in the internal suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100B, similar to the external suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100A, the first sheet material 110 and the second sheet material 120 are laid on the wall surface of the concrete structure CS. However, they can be laid on the entire wall surface or on only a part of the wall surface. For example, the first sheet material 110 and the second sheet material 120 can be laid only on the first wall surface (or the second wall surface) of the two walls, or the first sheet material 110 and the second sheet material 120 can be laid in a limited area of ​​the wall surface of a cylindrical concrete structure CS, or the first sheet material 110 and the second sheet material 120 can be laid to cover the entire outer perimeter of the concrete structure CS. For convenience, this explanation will focus on a concrete structure CS having a first wall surface and a second wall surface, and will describe an example where the first sheet material 110 and the second sheet material 120 are laid on the first wall surface and the second wall surface, respectively.

[0054] In this example, the internal suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100B is installed on the first and second walls of a concrete structure CS, as shown in Figure 8, with the first sheet material 110 and the second sheet material 120 laid on them, respectively. In this case, the first wall side is provided with a wall suction means 130 for sucking air from inside the first sheet material 110 and a wall supply means 140 for supplying the dissolving liquid SL into the first sheet material 110. The second wall side is also provided with a wall suction means 130 for sucking air from inside the first sheet material 110 and a wall supply means 140 for supplying the dissolving liquid SL into the first sheet material 110. In the case where the first sheet material 110 and the second sheet material 120 are laid only on the first wall, the wall suction means 130 and the wall supply means 140 are naturally provided only on the first wall side.

[0055] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 8, the internal suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100B is equipped with an internal suction means 150 that utilizes a pump or the like. This internal suction means 150 sucks air from inside the suction hole HP, thereby creating negative pressure inside the suction hole HP. When suction holes HP are formed in two or more locations within a concrete structure CS, as shown in Figure 9, an internal suction means 150 can be arranged to suck air from each suction hole HP, or a configuration can be used where a smaller number of internal suction means 150 (for example, one unit) is used to suck air from all the suction holes HP.

[0056] As the wall supply means 140 supplies the dissolving liquid SL into the first sheet material 110 of both walls, and the wall suction means 130 creates negative pressure inside the first sheet material 110 of both walls, and the internal suction means 150 creates negative pressure inside the suction hole HP, the dissolving liquid SL moves towards the interior of the concrete structure CS (particularly towards the suction hole HP) as shown in Figure 8. When the dissolving liquid SL enters the interior of the concrete structure CS, it reacts with the calcium hydroxide aqueous solution in the concrete, thereby fixing the carbon dioxide contained in the dissolving liquid SL to the concrete structure CS.

[0057] 1-3. External supply type carbon dioxide fixation device Figure 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an external carbon dioxide fixation device 100 (hereinafter simply referred to as "external carbon dioxide fixation device 100C") installed on a concrete structure CS. The external carbon dioxide fixation device 100C will be described below with reference to this figure. The external carbon dioxide fixation device 100C includes some of the components of the external suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100A and the internal suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100B described so far. Therefore, explanations that overlap with those described for the external suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100A and the internal suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100B will be avoided, and explanations will mainly focus on those specific to the external carbon dioxide fixation device 100C. In other words, anything not described here is the same as what is described in "1-1. External Suction Type Carbon Dioxide Fixation Device" and "1-2. Internal Suction Type Carbon Dioxide Fixation Device".

[0058] The external carbon dioxide fixation device 100C, like the internal suction carbon dioxide fixation device 100B, can be used in concrete structures CS having a first and second wall surface, as well as in concrete structures CS having only one wall surface or concrete structures CS having three or more wall surfaces. However, the concrete structures CS targeted by the external carbon dioxide fixation device 100C have a "supply hole HS" formed inside. This supply hole HS is a perforation that is stopped inside the concrete structure CS without penetrating (i.e., a bottomed hole). The supply hole HS can be formed in only one location within the concrete structure CS, as shown in Figure 10, or it can be formed in two or more locations (two locations in the figure) depending on the thickness of the concrete structure CS members, as shown in Figure 11. Of course, when fixing carbon dioxide over a wide area inside the concrete structure CS, it is preferable to use a concrete structure CS constructed of permeable concrete.

[0059] Furthermore, the externally supplied carbon dioxide fixation device 100C, like the internally suctioned carbon dioxide fixation device 100B, can be installed over the entire wall surface or on only a portion of the wall surface. For convenience, this explanation will focus on a concrete structure CS having a first wall surface and a second wall surface, and will describe an example where the first sheet material 110 and the second sheet material 120 are installed on the first and second wall surfaces, respectively.

[0060] In this example, as shown in Figure 10, the external supply type carbon dioxide fixation device 100C has a first sheet material 110 and a second sheet material 120 laid on the first and second walls of the concrete structure CS, respectively. However, as explained in the external suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100A, the second sheet material 120 can be omitted and only the first sheet material 110 can be laid on the first and second walls. In this example, a wall suction means 130 for sucking air from inside the first sheet material 110 is provided on the first wall side, and a wall suction means 130 for sucking air from inside the first sheet material 110 is also provided on the second wall side. In the case where the first sheet material 110 and the second sheet material 120 (or only the first sheet material 110) are laid only on the first wall side, the wall suction means 130 is naturally provided only on the first wall side.

[0061] Furthermore, the external carbon dioxide fixation device 100C is equipped with an internal supply means 160 that utilizes a pump or the like, as shown in Figure 10. This internal supply means 160 supplies the dissolving liquid SL into the supply holes HS while pressurizing. However, it is desirable that this internal supply means 160 has the ability to pressurize to atmospheric pressure or higher. When supply holes HS are formed at two or more locations in a concrete structure CS, the internal supply means 160 can be arranged to supply the dissolving liquid SL to each supply hole HS, as shown in Figure 11, or a configuration can be used in which the dissolving liquid SL is supplied to all supply holes HS by a smaller number of internal supply means 160 than the number of supply holes HS (for example, one unit).

[0062] The internal supply means 160 pumps the dissolving liquid SL into the supply hole HS, and when the wall suction means 130 creates negative pressure inside the first sheet material 110 on both walls, the dissolving liquid SL moves into the interior of the concrete structure CS (particularly from the supply hole HS towards the wall surface) as shown in Figure 10. Once the dissolving liquid SL enters the interior of the concrete structure CS, it reacts with the calcium hydroxide aqueous solution in the concrete, thereby fixing the carbon dioxide contained in the dissolving liquid SL to the concrete structure CS.

[0063] 1-4. Combined carbon dioxide fixation system Up to this point, we have described the internal suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100B equipped with an internal suction means 150 and the external supply type carbon dioxide fixation device 100C equipped with an internal supply means 160. However, the carbon dioxide fixation device 100 of the present invention can also be equipped with both the internal suction means 150 and the internal supply means 160 (hereinafter referred to as the "combined carbon dioxide fixation device 100D"), as shown in Figures 12 and 13. This combined carbon dioxide fixation device 100D can also be divided into an external supply type and an internal supply type. Figure 12 shows the internal supply type combined carbon dioxide fixation device 100D, and Figure 13 shows the external supply type combined carbon dioxide fixation device 100D. The combined carbon dioxide fixation device 100D will be described below with reference to Figures 12 and 13. The combined carbon dioxide fixation device 100D includes some of the components of the external suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100A, the internal suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100B, and the external supply type carbon dioxide fixation device 100C described so far. Therefore, explanations that overlap with those described in the external suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100A, the internal suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100B, and the external supply type carbon dioxide fixation device 100C will be avoided, and explanations will mainly focus on those specific to the combined type carbon dioxide fixation device 100D. In other words, anything not described here is the same as what is explained in "1-1. External Suction Type Carbon Dioxide Fixation Device," "1-2. Internal Suction Type Carbon Dioxide Fixation Device," and "1-3. External Supply Type Carbon Dioxide Fixation Device."

[0064] Figure 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a concrete structure CS with an external supply type composite carbon dioxide fixation device 100D installed. As shown in this figure, the external supply type composite carbon dioxide fixation device 100D can be used in concrete structures CS that have opposing first and second wall surfaces, such as walls, or in concrete structures CS with thick walls or concrete structures CS with three or more wall surfaces. However, the concrete structure CS targeted by the external supply type composite carbon dioxide fixation device 100D has one or more suction holes HP and one or more supply holes HS formed inside. It is preferable to position the suction holes HP closer to the wall surface than the supply holes HS, for example, by placing the supply holes HS near the center of the cross-section of the concrete structure CS and placing the suction holes HP on either side of them.

[0065] Furthermore, the externally supplied combined carbon dioxide fixation device 100D can have the first sheet material 110 and the second sheet material 120 laid over the entire wall surface, or it can have the first sheet material 110 and the second sheet material 120 laid over only a portion of the wall surface. For convenience, this explanation will focus on a concrete structure CS having a first wall surface and a second wall surface, and will describe an example where the first sheet material 110 and the second sheet material 120 are laid over the first and second wall surfaces, respectively.

[0066] In this example, as shown in Figure 12, the external supply type combined carbon dioxide fixation device 100D has a first sheet material 110 and a second sheet material 120 laid on the first and second walls of the concrete structure CS, respectively. Furthermore, the external supply type combined carbon dioxide fixation device 100D has a wall suction means 130 and a wall supply means 140 installed on the first wall side, and a wall suction means 130 and a wall supply means 140 installed on the second wall side as well. In addition, an internal suction means 150 for drawing in suction holes HP and an internal supply means 160 for supplying dissolving liquid SL to supply holes HS are also installed.

[0067] As the wall supply means 140 supplies the dissolving liquid SL into the first sheet material 110 of both walls, and the internal supply means 160 supplies the dissolving liquid SL into the supply holes HS, and as the wall suction means 130 creates negative pressure inside the first sheet material 110 of both walls, and the internal suction means 150 creates negative pressure inside the suction holes HP, the dissolving liquid SL moves through the interior of the concrete structure CS as shown in Figure 12. When the dissolving liquid SL enters the interior of the concrete structure CS, it reacts with the calcium hydroxide aqueous solution in the concrete, thereby fixing the carbon dioxide contained in the dissolving liquid SL to the concrete structure CS.

[0068] Figure 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a concrete structure CS with an internal supply type composite carbon dioxide fixation device 100D installed. As shown in this figure, the internal supply type composite carbon dioxide fixation device 100D can be used in concrete structures CS that have opposing first and second walls, such as walls, as well as in concrete structures CS with thick walls or concrete structures CS with three or more walls. However, the concrete structure CS targeted by the internal supply type composite carbon dioxide fixation device 100D has one or more suction holes HP and one or more supply holes HS formed inside. It is preferable to position the supply holes HS closer to the wall surface than the suction holes HP, for example, by placing the suction holes HP near the center of the cross-section of the concrete structure CS and placing the supply holes HS on both sides of them.

[0069] Furthermore, the internally supplied combined carbon dioxide fixation device 100D can have the first sheet material 110 and the second sheet material 120 laid over the entire wall surface, or it can have the first sheet material 110 and the second sheet material 120 laid over only a portion of the wall surface. For convenience, this explanation will focus on a concrete structure CS having a first wall surface and a second wall surface, and will describe an example where the first sheet material 110 and the second sheet material 120 are laid over the first and second wall surfaces, respectively.

[0070] In this example, the internal supply type composite carbon dioxide fixation device 100D is installed on the first and second walls of the concrete structure CS, respectively, with the first sheet material 110 and the second sheet material 120 laid on them, as shown in Figure 12. However, as explained in the external suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100A, the second sheet material 120 can be omitted and only the first sheet material 110 can be laid on the first and second walls. Furthermore, this internal supply type composite carbon dioxide fixation device 100D has a wall suction means 130 installed on the first wall side and another wall suction means 130 installed on the second wall side, as well as an internal suction means 150 for suctioning through the suction hole HP and an internal supply means 160 for supplying the dissolving liquid SL to the supply hole HS.

[0071] As the internal supply means 160 supplies the dissolving liquid SL to the supply hole HS, and the wall suction means 130 creates negative pressure inside the first sheet material 110 on both walls, and the internal suction means 150 creates negative pressure inside the suction hole HP, the dissolving liquid SL moves through the interior of the concrete structure CS as shown in Figure 13. When the dissolving liquid SL enters the interior of the concrete structure CS, it reacts with the calcium hydroxide aqueous solution in the concrete, thereby fixing the carbon dioxide contained in the dissolving liquid SL to the concrete structure CS.

[0072] 2. Methods for carbon dioxide fixation Next, the carbon dioxide fixation method of the present invention will be explained with reference to the diagram. The carbon dioxide fixation method of the present invention is a method of fixing carbon dioxide in a concrete structure using the carbon dioxide fixation device 100 described above. Therefore, explanations that overlap with those described for the carbon dioxide fixation device 100 will be avoided, and the explanation will mainly focus on the aspects specific to the carbon dioxide fixation method of the present invention. In other words, the contents not described here are the same as those described in "1. Carbon Dioxide Fixation Device".

[0073] Figure 14 is a flowchart showing the main steps of a carbon dioxide fixation method using an external suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100A. When fixing carbon dioxide to a concrete structure using the external suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100A, as shown in Figure 14, first the second sheet material 120 is installed on the first and second walls of the concrete structure CS, respectively (Step 201 in Figure 14), and then the first sheet material 110 is installed on the first and second walls of the concrete structure CS, respectively (Step 202 in Figure 14).

[0074] When the first sheet material 110 and the second sheet material 120 are installed on the first and second walls, the wall suction means 130 sucks the air out of the first sheet material 110 on the first wall and the air out of the first sheet material 110 on the second wall (Step 203 in Figure 14), and then the wall supply means 140 supplies the dissolving liquid SL into the first sheet material 110 on the first wall (Step 204 in Figure 14). When the dissolving liquid SL is supplied into the first sheet material 110 on the first wall by the wall supply means 140 and the inside of the first sheet material 110 on both walls is made negative by the suction of the wall suction means 130, the dissolving liquid SL moves toward the interior of the concrete structure CS, and the carbon dioxide contained in the dissolving liquid SL is fixed to the concrete structure CS by the reaction between the dissolving liquid SL and the calcium hydroxide aqueous solution in the concrete.

[0075] Figure 15 is a flowchart showing the main steps of a carbon dioxide fixation method using the internal suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100B. When fixing carbon dioxide to a concrete structure using the internal suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100B, as shown in Figure 15, first the second sheet material 120 is installed on the entire (or a part of) wall surface of the concrete structure CS (Step 301 in Figure 15), and then the first sheet material 110 is installed on the entire (or a part of) concrete structure CS (Step 302 in Figure 15).

[0076] When the first sheet material 110 and the second sheet material 120 are installed on the wall surface, the wall suction means 130 sucks the air inside the first sheet material 110 (Step 303 in Figure 15), the internal suction means 150 sucks the air from the suction hole HP (Step 304 in Figure 15), and then the wall supply means 140 supplies the dissolving liquid SL into the first sheet material 110 (Step 305 in Figure 15). As the dissolving liquid SL is supplied into the first sheet material 110 by the wall supply means 140, and the inside of the first sheet material 110 is made negatively pressurized by the suction of the wall suction means 130, and further negatively pressurized inside the suction hole HP by the suction of the internal suction means 150, the dissolving liquid SL moves towards the inside of the concrete structure CS, and the carbon dioxide contained in the dissolving liquid SL reacts with the calcium hydroxide aqueous solution in the concrete, fixing it to the concrete structure CS.

[0077] Figure 16 is a flowchart showing the main steps of a carbon dioxide fixation method using an external carbon dioxide fixation device 100C. When fixing carbon dioxide to a concrete structure using an external carbon dioxide fixation device 100C, as shown in Figure 16, first the second sheet material 120 is installed on the entire (or a part of) wall surface of the concrete structure CS (Step 401 in Figure 16), and then the first sheet material 110 is installed on the entire (or a part of) concrete structure CS (Step 402 in Figure 16).

[0078] When the first sheet material 110 and the second sheet material 120 are installed on the wall surface, the wall suction means 130 sucks the air inside the first sheet material 110 (Step 403 in Figure 16), and then the internal supply means 160 pressurizes and supplies the dissolving liquid SL into the supply hole HS (Step 404 in Figure 16). When the dissolving liquid SL is pressurized into the supply hole HS by the internal supply means 160 and the inside of the first sheet material 110 is made negatively pressurized by the suction of the wall suction means 130, the dissolving liquid SL moves towards the inside of the concrete structure CS, and the carbon dioxide contained in the dissolving liquid SL reacts with the calcium hydroxide aqueous solution in the concrete, fixing it to the concrete structure CS.

[0079] Figure 17 is a flowchart showing the main steps of a carbon dioxide fixation method using an externally supplied combined carbon dioxide fixation device 100D. When fixing carbon dioxide to a concrete structure using an externally supplied combined carbon dioxide fixation device 100D, as shown in Figure 17, first the second sheet material 120 is installed on the entire (or a part of) wall surface of the concrete structure CS (Step 501 in Figure 17), and then the first sheet material 110 is installed on the entire (or a part of) concrete structure CS (Step 502 in Figure 17).

[0080] When the first sheet material 110 and the second sheet material 120 are installed on the wall surface, the wall suction means 130 sucks the air inside the first sheet material 110 (Step 503 in Figure 17), and the internal suction means 150 sucks the air from the suction hole HP (Step 504 in Figure 17). Next, the wall supply means 140 supplies the dissolving liquid SL into the first sheet material 110 (Step 505 in Figure 17), and the internal supply means 160 supplies the dissolving liquid SL into the supply hole HS while pressurizing it (Step 506 in Figure 17). When the wall supply means 140 supplies the dissolving liquid SL into the first sheet material 110, and the internal supply means 160 pressurizes the dissolving liquid SL into the supply hole HS, and when the wall suction means 130 creates negative pressure inside the first sheet material 110, and the internal suction means 150 creates negative pressure inside the suction hole HP, the dissolving liquid SL moves toward the outside of the concrete structure CS, and the carbon dioxide contained in the dissolving liquid SL reacts with the calcium hydroxide aqueous solution in the concrete, fixing it to the concrete structure CS.

[0081] Figure 18 is a flowchart showing the main steps of a carbon dioxide fixation method using an internal supply type combined carbon dioxide fixation device 100D. When fixing carbon dioxide to a concrete structure using an internal supply type combined carbon dioxide fixation device 100D, as shown in Figure 18, first the second sheet material 120 is installed on the entire (or a part of) wall surface of the concrete structure CS (Step 601 in Figure 18), and then the first sheet material 110 is installed on the entire (or a part of) concrete structure CS (Step 602 in Figure 18).

[0082] When the first sheet material 110 and the second sheet material 120 are installed on the wall surface, the wall suction means 130 sucks air from inside the first sheet material 110 (Step 603 in Figure 18), the internal suction means 150 sucks air from the suction hole HP (Step 604 in Figure 18), and then the internal supply means 160 supplies the dissolving liquid SL into the supply hole HS under pressurization (Step 605 in Figure 18). As the dissolving liquid SL is pumped into the supply hole HS by the internal supply means 160, and the inside of the first sheet material 110 is made negatively pressurized by the suction of the wall suction means 130, and the inside of the suction hole HP is made negatively pressurized by the suction of the internal suction means 150, the dissolving liquid SL moves towards the inside of the concrete structure CS, and the carbon dioxide contained in the dissolving liquid SL reacts with the calcium hydroxide aqueous solution in the concrete, fixing it to the concrete structure CS. [Industrial applicability]

[0083] The carbon dioxide fixation device and carbon dioxide fixation method of the present invention can be used on a variety of concrete structures, including existing and newly constructed structures. Considering that the present invention has the effect of mitigating global warming, which is a pressing issue today, it can be said that the present invention is not only industrially applicable but also has the potential to make a significant contribution to society. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0084] 100 Carbon dioxide fixation device of the present invention 100A (A type of carbon dioxide fixation device) External suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100B (A type of carbon dioxide fixation device) Internal suction type carbon dioxide fixation device 100C (External supply type carbon dioxide fixation unit) 110 (First sheet material of carbon dioxide fixation device) 111 Sheet base material (of the first sheet material) 112 (Protrusions of the first sheet material) 120 (Second sheet material of carbon dioxide fixation device) 130 Wall suction means (of carbon dioxide fixation device) 131 Intake tube (of wall suction means) 132 Intake device (of wall suction means) 140 Wall supply means (of carbon dioxide fixation device) 141 (Wall supply means) supply pipe 142 Water supply device (of wall supply means) 143 Water supply pipe (of wall supply means) 144 (Water tank of wall supply means) 150 (Internal suction means of carbon dioxide fixation device) 160 (Internal supply means of carbon dioxide fixation device) CS Concrete Structures HP suction hole HS supply hole SL solution

Claims

1. A device for fixing carbon dioxide in a concrete structure having opposing first and second walls, A first sheet material having multiple convex protrusions on one side, A second sheet material is positioned on the wall side of the concrete structure, A wall suction means for sucking air between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material, The concrete structure comprises a wall supply means for supplying a dissolving solution containing carbon dioxide or an alkali metal carbonate between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material, The first wall surface of the concrete structure is equipped with the first sheet material, the second sheet material, the wall supply means, and the wall suction means. The first sheet material and the wall suction means are installed on the second wall surface of the concrete structure. The wall suction means creates negative pressure between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material, causing the dissolving solution supplied between the first wall surface and the first sheet material to move through the interior of the concrete structure, and the carbon dioxide or alkali metal carbonate contained in the dissolving solution reacts with the concrete, thereby fixing the carbon dioxide to the concrete structure. A carbon dioxide fixation device characterized by the following features.

2. A device for fixing carbon dioxide in a concrete structure with a wall surface, A first sheet material having multiple convex protrusions on one side, A second sheet material is positioned on the wall side of the concrete structure, A wall suction means for sucking air between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material, A wall supply means for supplying a dissolving solution containing carbon dioxide or alkali metal carbonate between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material, The concrete structure comprises an internal suction means for sucking air from one or more suction holes formed inside the concrete structure, The first sheet material and the second sheet material are installed on the wall surface of the concrete structure. The wall suction means creates negative pressure between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material, and the internal suction means creates negative pressure in the suction hole, causing the dissolving liquid to move inside the concrete structure, and carbon dioxide or alkali metal carbonate contained in the dissolving liquid reacts with the concrete, thereby fixing carbon dioxide to the concrete structure. A carbon dioxide fixation device characterized by the following features.

3. The aforementioned concrete structure has opposing first and second wall surfaces formed therein. The first and second wall surfaces of the concrete structure are each equipped with the first sheet material, the second sheet material, the wall supply means, and the wall suction means, respectively. The carbon dioxide fixation apparatus according to feature 2.

4. A device for fixing carbon dioxide in a concrete structure with a wall surface, A first sheet material having multiple convex protrusions on one side, A wall suction means for sucking air between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material, The concrete structure comprises an internal supply means for supplying a dissolved solution containing carbon dioxide or an alkali metal carbonate under pressure to one or more supply holes formed inside the concrete structure, The first sheet material is installed on the wall surface of the concrete structure. The wall suction means creates a negative pressure between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material, and the internal supply means supplies the dissolving solution to the supply hole, causing the dissolving solution to move inside the concrete structure, and carbon dioxide or alkali metal carbonate contained in the dissolving solution reacts with the concrete, thereby fixing carbon dioxide to the concrete structure. A carbon dioxide fixation device characterized by the following features.

5. The aforementioned concrete structure has opposing first and second wall surfaces formed therein. The first sheet material and the wall suction means are installed on the first and second wall surfaces of the concrete structure, respectively. The carbon dioxide fixation apparatus according to feature 4.

6. A device for fixing carbon dioxide in a concrete structure with a wall surface, A first sheet material having multiple convex protrusions on one side, A second sheet material is positioned on the wall side of the concrete structure, A wall suction means for sucking air between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material, An internal suction means for sucking air from one or more suction holes formed inside the concrete structure, A wall supply means for supplying a dissolving solution containing carbon dioxide or alkali metal carbonate between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material, The concrete structure comprises an internal supply means for supplying the dissolved liquid under pressure to one or more supply holes formed inside the concrete structure, The first sheet material and the second sheet material are installed on the wall surface of the concrete structure. The suction hole is located closer to the wall surface of the concrete structure than the supply hole. The wall suction means creates negative pressure between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material, and the internal suction means creates negative pressure in the suction hole, causing the dissolving solution supplied by the wall supply means and the internal supply means to move inside the concrete structure, and carbon dioxide or alkali metal carbonate contained in the dissolving solution reacts with the concrete, thereby fixing carbon dioxide to the concrete structure. A carbon dioxide fixation device characterized by the following features.

7. A device for fixing carbon dioxide in a concrete structure with a wall surface, A first sheet material having multiple convex protrusions on one side, A wall suction means for sucking air between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material, An internal suction means for sucking air from one or more suction holes formed inside the concrete structure, The concrete structure comprises an internal supply means for supplying a dissolved solution containing carbon dioxide or an alkali metal carbonate under pressure to one or more supply holes formed inside the concrete structure, The first sheet material is installed on the wall surface of the concrete structure. The supply hole is located closer to the wall surface of the concrete structure than the suction hole. The wall suction means creates negative pressure between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material, and the internal suction means creates negative pressure in the suction hole, causing the dissolving solution supplied by the internal supply means to move inside the concrete structure, and carbon dioxide or alkali metal carbonate contained in the dissolving solution reacts with the concrete, thereby fixing carbon dioxide to the concrete structure. A carbon dioxide fixation device characterized by the following features.

8. The aforementioned concrete structure was constructed of permeable concrete. A carbon dioxide fixation apparatus according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4, 6, or 7.

9. A method for fixing carbon dioxide in a concrete structure having opposing first and second wall surfaces, A sheet installation step involves installing a first sheet material and a second sheet material, each having multiple convex protrusions on one side, on the first wall surface such that the second sheet material is closer to the wall surface of the concrete structure than the first sheet material. A back sheet installation step in which the first sheet material is installed on the second wall surface, A wall suction step is performed to suck air between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material, The concrete structure comprises a wall supply step of supplying a dissolving solution containing carbon dioxide or alkali metal carbonate between the first wall surface and the first sheet material, By creating negative pressure between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material, the dissolving solution supplied between the first wall surface and the first sheet material moves within the concrete structure, and the carbon dioxide or alkali metal carbonate contained in the dissolving solution reacts with the concrete, thereby fixing the carbon dioxide to the concrete structure. A method for fixing carbon dioxide, characterized by the following features.

10. A method for fixing carbon dioxide in a concrete structure with a wall surface, A sheet installation step involves installing a first sheet material and a second sheet material, each having multiple convex protrusions on one side, on a wall surface such that the second sheet material is closer to the wall surface of the concrete structure than the first sheet material. A wall suction step is performed to suck air between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material, An internal suction step is performed by sucking air out of one or more suction holes formed inside the concrete structure, thereby creating a negative pressure in the suction holes. The process includes a wall supply step of supplying a dissolving solution containing carbon dioxide or alkali metal carbonate between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material, The space between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material is subjected to negative pressure, and the suction hole is also subjected to negative pressure, causing the dissolving solution to move inside the concrete structure, and carbon dioxide or alkali metal carbonate contained in the dissolving solution reacts with the concrete, thereby fixing carbon dioxide to the concrete structure. A method for fixing carbon dioxide, characterized by the following features.

11. A method for fixing carbon dioxide in a concrete structure with a wall surface, A sheet installation process involves installing a first sheet material, which has multiple convex protrusions on one side, onto a wall surface. A wall suction step is performed to suck air between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material, The concrete structure comprises an internal supply step of supplying a dissolved solution containing carbon dioxide or alkali metal carbonate under pressure to one or more supply holes formed inside the concrete structure, The space between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material is subjected to negative pressure, and the dissolving solution is supplied to the supply hole, causing the dissolving solution to move inside the concrete structure, and carbon dioxide or alkali metal carbonate contained in the dissolving solution reacts with the concrete, thereby fixing carbon dioxide to the concrete structure. A method for fixing carbon dioxide, characterized by the following features.

12. A method for fixing carbon dioxide in a concrete structure with a wall surface, A sheet installation step involves installing a first sheet material and a second sheet material, each having multiple convex protrusions on one side, on a wall surface such that the second sheet material is closer to the wall surface of the concrete structure than the first sheet material. A wall suction step is performed to suck air between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material, An internal suction step is performed by sucking air out of one or more suction holes formed inside the concrete structure, thereby creating a negative pressure in the suction holes. A wall supply step involves supplying a dissolving solution containing carbon dioxide or alkali metal carbonate between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material, The concrete structure comprises an internal supply step of supplying the dissolved liquid under pressure to one or more supply holes formed inside the concrete structure, The suction hole is located closer to the wall surface of the concrete structure than the supply hole. The space between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material is subjected to negative pressure, and the suction hole is subjected to negative pressure, causing the dissolving solution supplied in the wall supply step and the internal supply step to move inside the concrete structure, and carbon dioxide or alkali metal carbonate contained in the dissolving solution reacts with the concrete, thereby fixing carbon dioxide to the concrete structure. A method for fixing carbon dioxide, characterized by the following features.

13. A method for fixing carbon dioxide in a concrete structure with a wall surface, A sheet installation process involves installing a first sheet material, which has multiple convex protrusions on one side, onto a wall surface. A wall suction step is performed to suck air between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material, An internal suction step is performed by sucking air out of one or more suction holes formed inside the concrete structure, thereby creating a negative pressure in the suction holes. The concrete structure comprises an internal supply step of supplying a dissolved solution containing carbon dioxide or alkali metal carbonate under pressure to one or more supply holes formed inside the concrete structure, The supply hole is located closer to the wall surface of the concrete structure than the suction hole. The space between the wall surface of the concrete structure and the first sheet material is subjected to negative pressure, and the suction hole is subjected to negative pressure, causing the dissolving solution supplied in the internal supply process to move inside the concrete structure, and carbon dioxide or alkali metal carbonate contained in the dissolving solution reacts with the concrete, thereby fixing carbon dioxide to the concrete structure. A method for fixing carbon dioxide, characterized by the following features.

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