Modular Extended Stem Cryogenic Valve

Abstract

A cryogenic valve with a modular extension stem is disclosed. The modular stem assembly includes a stem having a first end and a second end. The modular stem assembly includes a first disc connector coupled to the first end of the stem. The first disc connector has a slot configured to fixedly receive a stem head of a second stem assembly of the cryogenic valve. The first disc connector has a first outer radial surface that slidably engages an inner surface of a bonnet of the cryogenic valve. The modular stem assembly includes a second disc connector coupled to the second end of the stem. The second disc connector has a head configured to be fixedly received by a stem slot of a third stem assembly of the cryogenic valve. The second disc connector has a second outer radial surface that slidably engages an inner surface of the bonnet.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE The present disclosure relates generally to cryogenic valves, and more particularly to modular extended stem cryogenic valves.

[0002] [Citation of Related Applications] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 482,931, filed February 2, 2023, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety. [Background technology]

[0003] Cryogenic fluids are increasingly being used in a variety of applications, including as fuels for machines, such as vehicles. Cryogenic fluids are extremely cold and require storage at cryogenic temperatures (e.g., temperatures below -150°C), such as in storage tanks. One or more valves may be used to control the transfer of the cryogenic fluid from the storage tank to another container for subsequent use.

[0004] In some cases, storage tanks for cryogenic fluids are stored deep underground for insulation purposes to maintain the fluid's cryogenic temperature. In such cases, valves used to control the flow of the cryogenic fluid may need to extend to reach the deep underground reservoir. In many cases, the cryogenic tanks are buried so deep underground that corresponding valves cannot use a single, integral stem due to manufacturing and / or installation difficulties or excessive stress on the stem during operation. As a result, some cryogenic valves have stacked stem assemblies in which stem segments are joined to and stacked on top of other stem segments to create a stem length suitable for the cryogenic valve. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, in some cases, the stacked stem sections may tilt and / or become misaligned over time during operation of the cryogenic valve. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] An exemplary cryogenic valve includes a valve body and a bonnet coupled to the valve body and having an inner bonnet surface. The cryogenic valve includes a plug, a handle, and a plurality of stem assemblies stacked axially between the handle and the plug and operatively connecting the handle and the plug. The plurality of stem assemblies includes an upper stem assembly operatively connected to the handle and including a first head, a lower stem assembly operatively connected to the plug and including a first slot, and one or more modular stem assemblies extending between the upper and lower stem assemblies. Each of the one or more modular stem assemblies includes a stem having an upper end and a lower end and an upper disc connector coupled to the upper end of the stem. The upper disc connector includes a modular, upwardly facing connector that is rigidly connectable to another one of the plurality of stem assemblies. The upper disc connector has a first outer radial surface defined by an outer diameter to slidably engage the inner bonnet surface. Each of the one or more modular stem assemblies includes a lower disc connector coupled to a lower end of the stem, the lower disc connector including a modular downwardly facing connector rigidly coupleable to another one of the plurality of stem assemblies, and the lower disc connector has a second outer radial surface defined by an outer diameter for slidably engaging the inner bonnet surface.

[0007] Another exemplary cryogenic valve includes a valve body and a bonnet coupled to the valve body and having an inner bonnet surface. The cryogenic valve includes a plug, a handle, and a plurality of stem assemblies extending between the handle and the plug and operatively connecting the handle and the plug. The plurality of stem assemblies include an upper stem assembly operatively connected to the handle and including a first slot, a lower stem assembly operatively connected to the plug and including a first head, and one or more modular stem assemblies extending between the upper and lower stem assemblies. Each of the one or more modular stem assemblies includes a stem having an upper end and a lower end and an upper disc connector coupled to the upper end of the stem. The upper disc connector includes a modular head rigidly coupleable to another one of the plurality of stem assemblies. The upper disc connector has a first outer radial surface defined by an outer diameter to slidably engage the inner bonnet surface. Each of the one or more modular stem assemblies includes a lower disc connector coupled to a lower end of the stem, the lower disc connector including a modular slot rigidly coupleable to another one of the plurality of stem assemblies, and the lower disc connector has a second outer radial surface defined by an outer diameter for slidably engaging the inner bonnet surface.

[0008] An exemplary modular stem assembly for a cryogenic valve is disclosed. The modular stem assembly includes a stem having a first end and a second end. The modular stem assembly includes a first disc connector coupled to the first end of the stem. The first disc connector includes a slot configured to securely receive a stem head of a second stem assembly of the cryogenic valve. The first disc connector has a first outer radial surface defined by an outer diameter to slidably engage an inner surface of a bonnet of the cryogenic valve. The modular stem assembly includes a second disc connector coupled to the second end of the stem. The second disc connector includes a head configured to securely receive a stem slot of a third stem assembly of the cryogenic valve. The second disc connector has a second outer radial surface defined by an outer diameter to slidably engage an inner surface of the bonnet.

[0009] An exemplary plurality of stem assemblies are axially stacked between a handle and a plug of a cryogenic valve, operatively connecting the handle and the plug. The plurality of stem assemblies includes an upper stem assembly operatively connected to the handle and including a first head, a lower stem assembly operatively connected to the plug and including a first slot, and one or more modular stem assemblies extending between the upper stem assembly and the lower stem assembly. Each of the one or more modular stem assemblies includes a stem with an upper end and a lower end and an upper disc connector coupled to the upper end of the stem. The upper disc connector includes a modular slot that is rigidly coupleable to another one of the plurality of stem assemblies. The upper disc connector has a first outer radial surface defined by an outer diameter. Each of the one or more modular stem assemblies includes a lower disc connector coupled to the lower end of the stem. The lower disc connector includes a modular head that is rigidly coupleable to another one of the plurality of stem assemblies. The lower disc connector has a second outer radial surface defined by an outer diameter.

[0010] Another exemplary embodiment of a plurality of stem assemblies operatively connects a handle and a plug of a cryogenic valve to each other while being axially stacked therebetween. The plurality of stem assemblies includes an upper stem assembly operatively connected to the handle and including a first slot, a lower stem assembly operatively connected to the plug and including a first head, and one or more modular stem assemblies extending between the upper and lower stem assemblies. Each of the one or more modular stem assemblies includes a stem having an upper end and a lower end and an upper disc connector coupled to the upper end of the stem. The upper disc connector defines a modular head that is rigidly coupleable to another of the plurality of stem assemblies. The upper disc connector has a first outer radial surface defined by an outer diameter. Each of the one or more modular stem assemblies includes a lower disc connector coupled to the lower end of the stem. The lower disc connector defines a modular slot that is rigidly coupleable to another of the plurality of stem assemblies. The lower disc connector has a second outer radial surface defined by an outer diameter.

[0011] Another exemplary cryogenic valve includes a valve body, a bonnet coupled to the valve body and having an inner bonnet surface, a plug, a handle, and a plurality of stem assemblies stacked axially between the handle and the plug and operatively connecting the handle and the plug. The plurality of stem assemblies includes an upper stem assembly operatively connected to the handle and including a first downwardly facing connector, a lower stem assembly operatively connected to the plug and including a first upwardly facing connector, and one or more modular stem assemblies extending between the upper and lower stem assemblies. Each of the one or more modular stem assemblies includes a stem having an upper end and a lower end and an upper disc connector coupled to the upper end of the stem. The upper disc connector includes a modular upwardly facing connector that is rigidly connectable to another one of the plurality of stem assemblies. The upper disc connector has a first outer radial surface defined by an outer diameter to slidably engage the inner bonnet surface. Each of the one or more modular stem assemblies includes a lower disc connector coupled to a lower end of the stem, the lower disc connector including a modular downwardly facing connector rigidly coupleable to another one of the plurality of stem assemblies, and the lower disc connector has a second outer radial surface defined by an outer diameter for slidably engaging the inner bonnet surface.

[0012] Another exemplary cryogenic valve operatively connects the handle and plug of the cryogenic valve in an axially stacked relationship therebetween. The plurality of stem assemblies includes an upper stem assembly operatively connected to the handle and including a first downwardly facing connector, a lower stem assembly operatively connected to the plug and including a first upwardly facing connector, and one or more modular stem assemblies extending between the upper and lower stem assemblies. Each of the one or more modular stem assemblies includes a stem having an upper end and a lower end and an upper disc connector coupled to the upper end of the stem. The upper disc connector defines a modular first upwardly facing connector that is rigidly coupleable to another one of the plurality of stem assemblies. The upper disc connector has a first outer radial surface defined by an outer diameter. Each of the one or more modular stem assemblies includes a lower disc connector coupled to the lower end of the stem. The lower disc connector includes a modular first downwardly facing connector that is rigidly coupleable to another one of the plurality of stem assemblies. The lower disc connector has a second outer radial surface defined by an outer diameter. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0013] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 illustrates a prior art globe valve. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a view showing the stem of the leading globe valve of FIG. 1. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 shows a prior art stem of a globe valve. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 illustrates another lead globe valve. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of the stem of the leading globe valve of FIG. [Figure 6] FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of another portion of the stem of the leading globe valve of FIG. [Figure 7] 1 is a perspective view of an exemplary valve in accordance with the present teachings. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a front view of the valve of FIG. 7. [Figure 9] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the valve of FIG. 7. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the upper portion (portion A) of the valve of FIG. 9. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the middle portion (portion B) of the valve of FIG. 9. [Figure 12] FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the lower portion (portion C) of the valve of FIG. 9. [Figure 13] FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an exemplary modular stem assembly of the valve of FIG. 7 in accordance with the present teachings. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the modular stem assembly of FIG. 13. [Figure 15] FIG. 14 is a perspective view of the modular stem assembly of FIG. 13 with a buffer. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the modular stem assembly shown in FIG. 15. [Figure 17] FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a disc connector of the modular stem assembly of FIG. 13. [Figure 18] FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of the disk connector of FIG. 17. [Figure 19] FIG. 14 is a perspective view of another disc connector of the modular stem assembly of FIG. 13. [Figure 20] FIG. 20 is a front view of the disk connector of FIG. 19. [Figure 21] 21 is a first cross-sectional view of the disc connector taken along line A-A of FIG. 20. [Figure 22] FIG. 20 is a bottom view of the disk connector of FIG. 19. [Figure 23] 23 is a second cross-sectional view of the disc connector taken along line B-B of FIG. 22. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0014] The following description describes, illustrates, and illustrates one or more embodiments of the present invention in accordance with its principles. This description is not provided to limit the invention to the embodiments described herein, but rather to explain and teach the principles of the present invention so that those skilled in the art can understand these principles and, with this understanding, apply these principles to implement not only the embodiments described herein, but also other embodiments that may be conceived in accordance with these principles. The specification is intended to be read as a whole and interpreted in accordance with the principles of the present invention as taught herein and as understood by those skilled in the art.

[0015] The scope of the present invention is intended to cover all such embodiments that may fall within the scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims, either literally or under the doctrine of equivalents. This specification describes exemplary embodiments that do not limit the claimed invention. Features described herein but not in the claims do not limit the claimed invention.

[0016] It should be noted that in the specification and drawings, identical or substantially identical elements may be labeled with the same reference numerals. However, in some cases, these elements may be labeled with different numbers, for example, where such labeling facilitates a clearer explanation. In addition, the drawings herein are not necessarily drawn to scale, and in some cases, proportions have been exaggerated to more clearly show certain features. Such labeling and drawings do not necessarily suggest an underlying objective.

[0017] Some features may be described using relative terms such as top, bottom, vertical, right, left, etc. It should be recognized that such relative terms are provided solely for reference with respect to the accompanying drawings and are not meant to limit the disclosed embodiments.

[0018] Referring to the figures, Figure 1 shows a known design of globe valve 10. Globe valve 10 has a stem 12 formed by a first stem segment 15, a second stem segment 20, and a barrel segment 25. Figure 2 further shows second stem segment 20. First stem segment 15 is connected to second stem segment 20, which is connected to barrel segment 25, which is connected to plug 30. That is, second stem segment 20 extends between and is coupled to first stem segment 15 and barrel segment 25.

[0019] The second stem segment 20 has a first end 21 and an opposite second end 23. The first end 21 has an opening 22 that receives the end 16 of the first stem segment 15. The second end 23 has a head 24 that is received by the end 26 of the barrel segment 25. As shown most clearly in FIG. 2 , the first and second ends 21, 23 of the second stem segment 20 are not modular. That is, the opening 22 and the head 24 are shaped differently from one another so that the head 24 of one second stem segment 20 cannot be tightly received by the opening 22 of another second stem segment 20.

[0020] Thus, due to the shape of the second stem segments 20, multiple second stem segments 20 cannot be stacked on top of each other, and therefore the length of the stem 12 cannot be extended by adding additional stem segments to the stem 12. Additionally, as shown most clearly in FIG. 1 , there is a gap 32 between the first end 21 of the second stem segment 20 and the end 16 of the first stem segment 15, and there is a gap 34 between the second end 23 of the second stem segment 20 and the end 26 of the barrel segment 25. As a result of the gaps 32, 34 formed between the joined segments of the stem 12, the segments may become misaligned or tilted relative to the longitudinal axis of the globe valve 10, which may become serious if additional segments are added to the stem 12. As a result of the misalignment or tilting of the segments, accidental leakage of fluid around the stem 12 may occur.

[0021] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a known design of stem 40 for another globe valve. The stem has a first end 41 and an opposite end 45. First end 41 has a radially outer radial surface 43 with a slot 42 and a diameter 44. Second end 45 has a slot 46 and an outer radial surface 47 with a diameter 48. As shown in FIG. 3, diameter 44 is different from diameter 48. More specifically, diameter 44 is significantly larger than diameter 48.

[0022] The stems 40 are modular such that two stems 40 can be axially coupled together by inserting the head 46 of one stem 40 into the slot 42 of another stem 40. However, the different diameters 44, 48 of the first and second ends 41, 45 may result in misalignment or tilting of one or more stems 40 relative to the longitudinal axis of the globe valve, which may become more severe when more stems 40 are connected together. For example, when two stems 40 are coupled together, the radially outer surface 43 of the first end 41 of each stem 40 may engage the inner surface of the globe valve's bonnet. At the same time, because of the difference in the diameters 44, 48 of the first and second ends 41, 45, respectively, the radially outer surface 47 of the second end 45 of each stem 40 is not sized to engage the inner surface of the bonnet. Because the second end 45 of each stem 40 does not firmly engage the inner surface of the bonnet, each stem 40 may tilt or become misaligned relative to the longitudinal axis of the globe valve, which may result in accidental leakage of fluid around the stem 40.

[0023] 4-6 illustrate another known design of globe valve 50. As shown most clearly in FIG. 4, globe valve 50 includes a handle 55, a plug 90, and a stem assembly 60 extending between handle 55 and plug 90. Stem assembly 60 includes a first stem segment 65, a first connector 70, a second stem segment 75, a second connector 80, and a third stem segment 85. Handle 55 is coupled to first stem segment 65, which is coupled to second stem segment 75 by first connector 70. Plug 90 is coupled to third stem segment 85, which is coupled to second stem segment 75 by second connector 80.

[0024] 5 is an enlarged view of a first connector 70 connecting a first stem segment 65 and a second stem segment 75. The first stem segment 65 has an end 66 with a head 67, and the second stem segment 75 has a first end 76 with a threaded bore 77. The first connector 70 has a first end 71 with a slot 72 and a second end 73 with a threaded shaft 74. To couple the first stem segment 65 to the second stem segment 75, the threaded shaft 74 of the first connector 70 is inserted into the threaded bore 77 of the second stem segment 75, and the slot 72 of the first connector 70 receives the head 67 of the first stem segment 65.

[0025] The need for an additional component, the first connector 70, to couple the first stem segment 65 and the second stem segment 75 together may increase the risk and / or amount of misalignment or tilting of these segments relative to the longitudinal axis of the globe valve 50, which may increase the risk and / or amount of accidental leakage of fluid around the stems 65, 75. Additionally, the inclusion of the first connector 70 results in a gap 91 between the first connector 70 and the bonnet 52 of the globe valve 50. A gap 92 is also formed between the end 66 of the first stem segment 65, the body of the first connector 70, and the bonnet 52 of the globe valve 50. The formation of gaps 91, 92 adjacent the junction of the first stem segment 65 and the second stem segment 75 may result in misalignment or tilting of one or more stem segments 65, 75, which may become more severe if more stem segments, for example a third stem segment 85, are added to form the stem assembly 60.

[0026] 6 is an enlarged view of a second connector 80 connecting a second stem segment 75 and a third stem segment 85. The first stem segment 75 has an end 66 with a head 67, and the second stem segment 80 has a first end 78 with a threaded bore 79. The second connector 80 has a first end 81 with a threaded shaft 82 and an end 83 with a head 84. To couple the second stem segment 750 to the third stem segment 85, the threaded shaft 82 of the second connector 80 is inserted into the threaded bore 79 of the second stem segment 75, and the head 84 of the second connector 80 receives the slot 87 of the third stem segment 85.

[0027] The need for an additional component, the second connector 80, to couple the second stem segment 75 and the third stem segment 85 together may increase the risk and / or amount of misalignment or tilting of these segments relative to the longitudinal axis of the globe valve 50, which may increase the risk and / or amount of accidental leakage of fluid around the stems 75, 80. Additionally, the inclusion of the second connector 80 results in a gap 93 between the second connector 80 and the bonnet 52 of the globe valve 50. A gap 94 is also formed between the end 86 of the third stem segment 85 and the body of the second connector 70. The formation of gaps 93, 94 adjacent the junction of the second stem segment 75 and the third stem segment 85 may result in misalignment or tilting of one or more stem segments 75, 85, which may become more severe if more stem segments, for example, the first stem segment 65, are added to form the stem assembly 60.

[0028] 7-23, an exemplary valve 100 is disclosed in accordance with the present teachings. In the illustrated embodiment, the valve 100 is a cryogenic valve configured to control the flow of a cryogenic fluid. Furthermore, the valve 100 is a globe valve including a plug 180 and a valve seat 112 (FIG. 12). The valve 100 includes a valve stem 150 that is formed, at least in part, by one or more modular stem assemblies 200. Multiple modular stem assemblies 200 can be interconnected to extend the valve stem 150 to various lengths. The valve stem 150 can extend from a handle 130 located above ground to a fluid line fluidly coupled to a cryogenic tank that is buried deep underground for safe storage. As will be disclosed in detail below, the modular stem assembly 200 is prevented from tilting and / or becoming misaligned within the bonnet 120 of the valve 100, and cryogenic fluid is prevented from leaking upward from the body 110 of the valve 100 through the bonnet 120.

[0029] 7 and 8 are perspective and front views, respectively, of valve 100. FIGS. 9-12 are cross-sectional views of valve 100. Specifically, FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of valve 100. FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an upper portion of valve 100 identified as portion A in FIG. 9. FIG. 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a middle portion of valve 100 identified as portion B in FIG. 9. FIG. 12 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an upper portion of valve 100 identified as portion C in FIG. 9.

[0030] 9, the valve 100 includes a body 110, a bonnet 120, a handle 130, a valve stem 150, and a plug 180. The bonnet 120 has a lower end 122 and an upper end 124. The lower end 122 of the bonnet 120 is connected to the body 110. The handle 130 is positioned adjacent to the upper end 124 of the bonnet 120. The bonnet 120 has an inner surface 125 (also referred to as the "inner bonnet surface") that defines a stem chamber 126 through which the valve stem 150 passes.

[0031] The valve stem 150 has an upper end 152 and a lower end 154. The handle 130 is coupled to the upper end 152 of the valve stem 150, and the plug 180 is coupled to the lower end 154 of the valve stem 150. In the illustrated embodiment, the handle 130 is a rotary handle, such as a handwheel. The valve 100 is configured such that when an operator turns the handle 130, the valve stem 150 transitions the plug 180 between open and closed positions to affect the flow of cryogenic fluid through the body 110. As disclosed in detail below, the valve stem 150 is formed by a plurality of stem assemblies stacked axially end-to-end to extend between and operatively connect the handle 130 and the plug 180. In the illustrated embodiment, the multiple stem assemblies of the valve stem 150 include an upper stem assembly 160, a lower stem assembly 170, and one or more modular stem assemblies 200 extending between the upper stem assembly 160 and the lower stem assembly 170.

[0032] 13-23, each modular stem assembly 200 includes a stem 210, a disk connector 230, and a disconnector 250. That is, the valve stem 150 is at least partially formed by one or more modular stem assemblies 200, each including a respective stem 210. In some embodiments, each modular stem assembly 200 has the same length. In other embodiments, the modular stem assemblies 200 may have different lengths. For example, one modular stem assembly 200 may have a first length and another modular stem assembly 200 may have a second, different length. Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the stem 210 has a first end and an opposite second end. The disk connectors 230, 250 are located at opposite ends of the stem 210. Each disc connector 230 , 250 has an outer diameter that is smaller than the outer diameter of the stem 210 .

[0033] The disk connector 230 (also referred to as the "first disk connector") includes a hole 232 and a slot 234. The hole 232 is configured to firmly receive (e.g., press-fit) the end of the stem 210 to couple the disk connector 230 to the stem 210. The slot 234 of each modular stem assembly 200 is a modular slot identical to the respective slots 234 of the other modular stem assemblies 200. The slot 234 is also identical to the slot 175 of the lower stem assembly 170. The slot 234 is configured to firmly receive a modular head of another stem assembly (e.g., head 254 of another modular stem assembly 200, or the head of the upper stem assembly 160 in FIG. 10 ) to firmly couple the modular stem assembly 200 to the other stem assembly.

[0034] The disk connector (also referred to as the "second disk connector") includes a hole 252 and has a head 254. The hole 252 is configured to firmly receive (e.g., press-fit) another end of the stem 210 to couple the disk connector 250 to the stem 210. The head 254 of each modular stem assembly 200 is a modular head identical to the heads 254 of the other modular stem assemblies 200. The head 254 is also identical to the head of the upper stem assembly 160. The head 254 is configured to be firmly received by a modular slot of another stem assembly (e.g., slot 234 of another modular stem assembly 200, slot 175 of the lower stem assembly 170 in FIG. 12) to firmly couple the modular stem assembly 200 to the other stem assembly.

[0035] In the illustrated embodiment, the modular stem assembly 200 is oriented such that the disc connector 230 is an upper disc connector coupled to the upper end of the stem 210 and the disc connector 250 is a lower disc connector coupled to the lower end of the stem 210. In other embodiments, the modular stem assembly 200 may be positioned such that the disc connector 250 is an upper disc connector coupled to the upper end of the stem 210 and the disc connector 230 is a lower disc connector coupled to the lower end of the stem 210.

[0036] The disc connector 230 has an outer radial surface 235, and the disc connector has an outer radial surface 255. The disc connector 230 has an outer diameter, and the disc connector is positioned within the stem chamber 126 such that the outer radial surface 235 consistently contacts the inner surface 125 of the bonnet 120 when the modular stem assembly 200 is sliding within the stem chamber 126. That is, the outer radial surface 235 is defined by the outer diameter for slidably engaging the inner surface 125 of the bonnet 120. Similarly, the disc connector 250 has the same outer diameter, and the disc connector is positioned within the stem chamber 126 such that the outer radial surface 255 consistently contacts the inner surface 125 of the bonnet 120 when the modular stem assembly 200 is sliding within the stem chamber 126. That is, the outer radial surface 255 is defined by an outer diameter identical to that of the outer radial surface 235 for slidably engaging the inner surface 125 of the bonnet 120. By consistently contacting the inner surface 125 of the bonnet 120 as the modular stem assembly 200 slides within the stem chamber 126, the disc connectors 230, 250 are configured to prevent the modular stem assembly 200 of the stem 150 of the valve 100 from tilting and / or becoming misaligned over time. That is, to prevent misalignment and / or tilting, (1) the disk connector 230 is configured to slidably engage the inner surface 125 of the bonnet 120 while firmly engaging a portion of another adjacent stem assembly (e.g., the disk connector 250 of the upper stem assembly 160 or another modular stem assembly 200), and (2) the disk connector 250 is configured to slidably engage the inner surface 125 of the bonnet 120 while firmly engaging a portion of another adjacent stem assembly (e.g., the disk connector 250 of the lower stem assembly 170 or another modular stem assembly 200).By preventing tilting and / or misalignment of the valve stem 150, the modular stem assembly 200 prevents cryogenic fluid from leaking up from the body 110 through the bonnet 120, which would otherwise cause leakage.

[0037] Additionally, the modular stem assembly 200 of the illustrated embodiment includes seals 245 and 265 (e.g., O-rings). Seal 245 is positioned to engage and extend circumferentially around the outer radial surface 235 of the disc connector 230, and seal 265 is positioned to engage and extend circumferentially around the outer radial surface 255 of the disc connector 230. When the modular stem assembly 200 is in place within the stem chamber 126 of the bonnet 120, seal 245 is positioned to seal against the inner surface 125 of the bonnet 120 to form a sealed connection between the disc connector 230 and the bonnet 120. Similarly, seal 265 is positioned to seal against the inner surface 125 of the bonnet 120 to form a sealed connection between the disc connector 230 and the bonnet 120.

[0038] In Figures 15 and 16, the modular stem assembly 200 is shown with one or more buffers. In the illustrated embodiment, the modular stem assembly 200 includes buffers 270, 275. For example, as shown in Figures 9 and 11, one modular stem assembly 200 disposed within the midsection of the valve 100 includes buffers 270, 275. Referring to Figures 15 and 16, each buffer 270, 275 is positioned circumferentially around and engaged with the stem 210. Each buffer 270, 275 is stacked axially along the stem 210 between the disk connectors 230, 250. In the illustrated embodiment, the buffers 270, 275 abut one another end-to-end. The length of each buffer 270, 275 is shorter than the length of the stem 210. In the illustrated embodiment, the combined length of the buffers 270, 275 is shorter than the stem 210 to provide a gap between one buffer 270, 275 and the adjacent disk connector 230, 250. In Figure 15, the buffers 270, 275 are sized and positioned to provide a gap between the buffer 270 and the disk connector 230. In Figure 16, the buffers 270, 275 are sized and positioned to provide a gap between the buffer 275 and the disk connector 250.

[0039] In the illustrated embodiment, each buffer 270, 275 has a respective outer radial surface 271, 276 (also referred to as the "outer surface" of the buffer 270, 275) defined by the same outer diameter as the disk connector 230, 250. That is, the buffers 270, 275 have the same outer diameter as the disk connector 230, 250 such that the outer radial surfaces 271, 176 are flush with and / or otherwise aligned with the outer radial surfaces 235, 255 of the disk connector 230, 250. The outer radial surfaces 271, 276 of the buffers 270, 275 are configured to slidably engage the inner surface 125 of the bonnet 120 when the outer radial surfaces 235, 255 of the disk connectors 230, 250 contact the inner surface 125 of the bonnet 120 to further prevent the modular stem assembly 200 of the valve stem 150 of the valve 100 from tilting and / or becoming misaligned over time.

[0040] To assemble the modular stem assembly 200 with the buffers 270, 275, one disk connector 230, 250 is rigidly fastened to each end of the stem 210. The buffers 270, 275 are slid onto the stem 210 through opposite open ends of the stem 210. Once the buffers 270, 275 are slid onto the stem 210, the other disk connector 230, 250 is rigidly fastened to the opposite end of the stem 210 to enclose the buffer between the disk connectors 230, 250.

[0041] In the illustrated embodiment, the modular stem assembly 200 includes two buffers 270, 275 of the same length. In other embodiments, the buffers 270, 275 may have different lengths. Additionally or alternatively, the modular stem assembly 200 may include fewer or more buffers. For example, as shown in Figures 13 and 14, some modular stem assemblies may not include buffers.

[0042] 17 and 18 further illustrate the disc connector 250 of the modular stem assembly 200. The disc connector 250 has an inner surface 251 (also referred to as the "inwardly facing surface"), an outer surface 253 (also referred to as the "outwardly facing surface"), and an outer radial surface 255. The outer surface 253 is opposite the inner surface 251, and the outer radial surface 255 is perpendicular to and extends between the inner surface 251 and the outer surface 253.

[0043] The disk connector 250 includes a groove 256 extending circumferentially along an outer radial surface 255. As shown in Figures 13-16, a seal 265 is tightly received within the groove 256. Referring again to Figures 17 and 18, the disk connector 250 includes a bore 252 along an inner surface 251, and a head 254 of the disk connector 250 extends outwardly from an outer surface 253. In the illustrated embodiment, the bore 252 and head 254 are centered along the central axis of the disk connector 250.

[0044] 18 , the head 254 has a neck 257 extending outwardly and perpendicularly from the outer surface 253 of the disc connector 250. The head 254 has a rim 258 extending radially outward. The neck 257 is located at the proximal end of the head 254, and the rim 258 is located at the distal end of the head 254. The neck 257 and rim 258 are arranged so that the head 254 has a T-shaped cross-section. Furthermore, a groove 259 is formed between the neck 257, the rim 258 of the head 254, and the outer surface 253. As will be disclosed in detail below, the head 254 and groove 259 are arranged to facilitate a secure connection between the disc connector 250 and another disc connector (e.g., the disc connector 230 of the modular stem assembly 200, the disc connector 174 of the lower stem assembly 170, etc.). That is, the head 254 has a T-shaped cross section to allow the modular stem assembly 200 to be securely coupled to another stem assembly.

[0045] 19-23 further illustrate the disc connector 250 of the modular stem assembly 200. Specifically, FIG. 19 is a perspective view of the disc connector 230, FIG. 20 is a front view of the disc connector 230, FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of the disc connector 230 taken along plane A-A in FIG. 20, FIG. 22 is a bottom view of the disc connector 230, and FIG. 23 is another cross-sectional view of the disc connector 230 taken along plane B-B in FIG. 22.

[0046] Disk connector 230 has an inner surface 231 (also referred to as the "inwardly facing surface"), an outer surface 233 (also referred to as the "outwardly facing surface"), and an outer radial surface 235. Outer surface 233 is opposite inner surface 231, and outer radial surface 235 is perpendicular to and extends between inner surface 231 and outer surface 233.

[0047] The disc connector 230 includes a groove 236 extending circumferentially along its outer radial surface 235. As shown in Figures 13-16, a seal 245 is tightly received within the groove 236. Referring again to Figures 19-23, the disc connector 230 includes a hole 232 along its inner surface 231. In the illustrated embodiment, the hole 232 is centered along the central axis of the disc connector 230.

[0048] 19 and 20, the outer surface 233 of the disk connector 230 includes a slot 234 extending from an opening 237 to a closed end. The opening 237 is defined by the outer radial surface 135, and the closed end is centered along the central axis of the disk connector 230. The slot 234 is positioned to extend radially outward from the central axis of the disk connector 230 along the outer surface 233. The disk connector 230 includes a step 238 extending the length of the slot 234. In the orientation shown, the step 238 extends over a portion of the slot. In the opposite orientation, the step 238 extends below a portion of the slot 234.

[0049] As shown in FIG. 20 , the slot 234 and the step 238 are arranged so that the slot 234 has a T-shaped cross-section. The slot 234 has an outer portion 239 extending between opposite sides of the step 238 and an adjacent inner portion 240. The slot 234 further has an inner portion 240 that is disposed below the step 238 in the illustrated orientation (and above the step 238 in the opposite orientation). The slot 234 and the step 238 are arranged to facilitate the secure end-to-end coupling of the disk connector 230 to another assembly (e.g., another modular stem assembly 200, upper stem assembly 160). Specifically, the slot 234 and the step 238 are arranged to securely receive the head of another stem assembly. That is, the slot 234 has a T-shaped cross-section so that the modular stem assembly 200 can be securely coupled to another stem assembly.

[0050] To couple one modular stem assembly 200 to another stem assembly (e.g., another modular stem assembly 200, upper stem assembly 160), the head of the other assembly is slid into the slot 234 of the disk connector 230 via the opening 237. For example, the head 254 of the disk connector 250 of another modular stem assembly 200 is slid into the slot 234 of the disk connector 230 of the modular stem assembly 200 via the opening 237. The slot 234 is positioned such that the inner portion 240 of the slot 234 slidably receives the rim 258 of the head 254 and the outer portion 239 receives the neck 257 of the head 254. When the head 254 is slid into the slot 234, the step 238 extends into a groove 259 between the rim 258 and the outer surface 253 to prevent axial removal of the modular stem assembly 200.

[0051] Additionally, when the modular stem assemblies 200 are rigidly coupled together by the slots 234 and their respective heads 254, the outer surface 233 of the disk connector 230 of one modular stem assembly 200 contacts the outer surface 253 of the disk connector 250 of another modular stem assembly 200 in a manner that prevents tilting or misalignment between the two modular stem assemblies 200. Additionally, the outer radial surface 235 of the disk connector 230 aligns with the outer radial surface 255 of the disk connector 250 such that both outer radial surfaces 235, 255 contact the inner surface 125 of the bonnet 120 to prevent tilting or misalignment of the two modular stem assemblies 200 when installed within the bonnet 120.

[0052] Figures 10-12 further illustrate a valve 100 having a valve stem 150 formed by multiple stem assemblies stacked axially in an end-to-end manner. Specifically, Figure 10 illustrates an upper portion A of the valve 100 depicted in Figure 9, Figure 11 illustrates a middle portion B of the valve 100 depicted in Figure 9, and Figure 12 illustrates a lower portion C of the valve 100 depicted in Figure 9. In the illustrated embodiment, the multiple stem assemblies of the valve stem 150 include an upper stem assembly 160, a lower stem assembly 170, and one or more modular stem assemblies 200.

[0053] 10, the valve 100 includes a cap 135 that is firmly coupled to the upper end 124 of the bonnet 120. The valve 100 further includes an outer sleeve 140 that is coupled to the cap 135 and extends downwardly therefrom. For example, the upper end of the outer sleeve 140 is coupled to the cap 135, and the lower end of the outer sleeve 140 is configured to extend to the ground. The outer sleeve 140 includes a bellows 145 that allows the outer sleeve 140 to flex. For example, the bellows 145 contracts or expands to decrease or increase the length of the outer sleeve, respectively.

[0054] In the illustrated embodiment, the handle 130 has internal threads 131. The cap 135 has an upper body 136 with external threads 137. The handle 130 is threadedly attached to the upper body 136 of the cap 135 by the threads 131, 137 such that the handle 130 moves upwardly along the upper body 136 when the handle 130 is turned. The valve 100 further includes an upper shaft 132 extending between and connected to the handle 130 and a valve stem 150. The valve stem 150 is configured to extend through the stem chamber 126 of the bonnet 120 and into and / or through the cap 135 to couple to the upper shaft 132. The handle 130, upper shaft 132, cap 135, and valve stem 150 are configured so that rotation of the handle 130 causes axial movement of the handle 130, and axial movement of the handle 130 causes axial movement of the valve stem 150 via the upper shaft 132.

[0055] 10 illustrates an upper stem assembly 160 and one of the modular stem assemblies 200 axially connected to one another in an end-to-end manner. The upper stem assembly 160 includes a stem 161 (also referred to as the "upper stem") having an upper end 162 and a lower end 163. The upper end 162 is rigidly coupled to the upper shaft 132 to operatively connect the upper stem assembly 160 to the handle 130. The lower end 163 is rigidly coupled to the modular stem assembly 200. The upper stem assembly 160 further includes a gland 164 and a buffer 165 positioned within the stem chamber 126 between the upper end 162 and the lower end 163 of the stem 161.

[0056] In the illustrated embodiment, the upper end 162 has a head that is securely received by a slot in the upper shaft 132 to couple the upper stem assembly 160 to the upper shaft 132. The lower end 163 has a modular head that is securely received by a slot 234 in one of the modular stem assemblies 200 to couple the upper stem assembly 160 to the modular stem assembly 200. In other embodiments, the upper end 162 can have a slot configured to receive a head of the upper shaft to enable a rigid connection, and / or the lower end 163 can have a modular slot configured to receive a head 254 of one of the modular stem assemblies 200 to enable a rigid connection.

[0057] 10 includes one modular stem assembly 200 and a portion of another modular stem assembly 200. The slot 234 of the disk connector 230 of one modular stem assembly 200 is rigidly coupled to the stem 161 of the upper stem assembly 160. The head 254 of the disk connector 250 of the same modular stem assembly 200 is rigidly received by the slot 234 of the disk connector 230 of the other modular stem assembly 200, connecting the two modular stem assemblies 200 together in an end-to-end manner.

[0058] Referring to mid-section B of the valve 100, FIG. 11 shows a plurality of modular stem assemblies 200 connected together in an end-to-end manner to form a portion of the valve stem 150. In the illustrated embodiment, the valve stem 150 has four modular stem assemblies 200. As described in detail above with reference to FIG. 10, the uppermost modular stem assembly 200 is coupled to the upper stem assembly 160. Referring again to FIG. 11, the lowermost modular stem assembly 200 is coupled to the lower stem assembly 170. Furthermore, the disc connector 250 of the uppermost modular stem assembly 200 is rigidly coupled to the disc connector 230 of the adjacent modular stem assembly 200. The disc connector 230 of the lowermost modular stem assembly 200 is rigidly coupled to the disc connector 250 of the adjacent modular stem assembly 200. For each intermediate modular stem assembly 200, the disk connector 230 is firmly coupled to the disk connector 250 of the adjacent modular stem assembly 200, and the disk connector 250 is firmly coupled to the disk connector 230 of another adjacent modular stem assembly 200.

[0059] Referring to the lower portion C of the valve 100, FIG. 12 further illustrates the body 110 of the valve 100. The body 110 includes an inlet 114, an outlet 116, and a flow passage 118 extending between the inlet 114 and the outlet 116. The body 110 includes a valve seat 112 positioned between the inlet 114 and the outlet 116. The valve seat 112 is configured to seal against a plug 180 in a manner that controls the flow of cryogenic fluid through the body 110 of the valve 100. For example, when the plug 180 seals against the valve seat 112, the plug 180 fluidly separates the inlet 114 and the outlet 116, preventing the cryogenic fluid from flowing through the body 110. When the plug 180 is sealingly separated from the valve seat 112, the plug 180 fluidly couples the inlet 114 and the outlet 116, allowing the cryogenic fluid to flow through the flow passage 118 of the body 110.

[0060] The lower end 122 of the bonnet 120 is coupled to the body 110. The valve stem 150 extends through the bonnet 120 so that the lower end 154 of the stem 150 can couple to a plug 180 within the body 110. In the illustrated embodiment, the lower portion of the valve 100 includes a lower stem assembly 170 and a portion of one modular stem assembly 200. The lower stem assembly 170 is coupled to the plug 180. The lower stem assembly 170 includes a stem 172 with an upper end and an opposite lower end. The lower end of the stem 172 has a head 176 configured to couple to the plug 180. The upper end of the stem 172 is coupled to a disk connector 174 of the lower stem assembly 170. The disk connector 174 of the lower stem assembly 170 has a slot 175, which is a modular slot configured to securely receive the head 254 of the lowermost modular stem assembly 200 of the valve stem 150. The disk connector 174 has an outer surface that contacts the outer surface 253 of the disk connector 250 of the modular stem assembly 200 to prevent tilting or misalignment between the lower stem assembly 170 and the modular stem assembly 200. In addition, the disk connector 174 has an outer radial surface that is sized to contact the inner surface 125 of the bonnet 120 to prevent tilting or misalignment of the lower stem assembly 170 within the bonnet 120.

[0061] The lower stem assembly 170 of the illustrated embodiment further includes a seal 178 (e.g., an O-ring) extending around the outer radial surface of the disc connector 174 to form a sealed connection between the disc connector 174 and the bonnet 120. The lower stem assembly 170 further includes one or more buffers 182. Each buffer 182 is circumferentially positioned around and engaged with the stem 172. Each buffer 182 has the same outer diameter as the disc connector 174 so that the buffers 182 contact the inner surface 125 to further prevent the lower stem assembly 170 from tilting and / or becoming misaligned over time.

[0062] 9-12, the modular stem assembly 200 is assembled such that the disc connector 230 is the upper disc connector and the disc connector 250 is the lower disc connector. In other embodiments, the modular stem assembly 200 may be oriented in the reverse direction such that the disc connector 250 is the upper disc connector and the disc connector 230 is the lower disc connector. In such embodiments, the lower end 163 of the upper stem assembly 160 has a slot that receives the head 254 of the upper disc connector of the modular stem assembly 200, and the lower stem assembly 170 includes a head that is received by the slot 234 of the lower disc connector of the modular stem assembly 200.

[0063] 9-12, the modular stem assembly 200 is assembled such that the disk connector 230 is an upper disk connector and each respective slot 235 is an upwardly facing connector. Additionally, the modular stem assembly 200 of the illustrated embodiment is assembled such that the disk connector 250 is a lower disk connector and each respective head 154 is a downwardly facing connector. The lower end 163 of the upper stem assembly 160 has a downwardly facing connector (e.g., a head) that mates with the upwardly facing connector of the upper disk connector of the modular stem assembly 200, and the lower stem assembly 170 includes an upwardly facing connector (e.g., a slot) that mates with the downwardly facing connector of the lower disk connector of the modular stem assembly 200.

[0064] In other embodiments, the modular stem assembly 200 is assembled such that the disk connector 230 is a lower disk connector and each respective slot 234 is a downward-facing connector. Additionally, in the illustrated embodiment, the modular stem assembly 200 is assembled such that the disk connector 250 is an upper disk connector and each respective head 254 is an upward-facing connector. The lower end 163 of the upper stem assembly 160 has a downward-facing connector (e.g., slot) that mates with the upward-facing connector of the upper disk connector of the modular stem assembly 200, and the lower stem assembly 170 includes an upward-facing connector (e.g., head) that mates with the downward-facing connector of the lower disk connector of the modular stem assembly 200.

[0065] The terms "upper," "lower," "upward-facing," and "downward-facing" are used as described above when the valve 100 is typically mounted vertically, e.g., with the handle 130 positioned above ground and the body 10 positioned below ground. In other embodiments, the valve may be mounted in a different orientation. For example, an "upper" object may be a "first" object, a "lower" object may be a "second" object, an "upward-facing" object may be a "first-direction-facing" object, and a "downward-facing" object may be a "second-direction-facing" object.

[0066] Exemplary embodiments according to the present teachings are disclosed below.

[0067] [Embodiment 1] The cryogenic valve includes a valve body and a bonnet coupled to the valve body and having an inner bonnet surface. The cryogenic valve includes a plug, a handle, and a plurality of stem assemblies stacked axially between the handle and the plug and operatively connecting the handle and the plug. The plurality of stem assemblies include an upper stem assembly operatively connected to the handle and including a first head, a lower stem assembly operatively connected to the plug and including a first slot, and one or more modular stem assemblies extending between the upper and lower stem assemblies. Each of the one or more modular stem assemblies includes a stem with an upper end and a lower end and an upper disc connector coupled to the upper end of the stem. The upper disc connector includes a modular slot rigidly coupleable to another one of the plurality of stem assemblies. The upper disc connector has a first outer radial surface defined by an outer diameter to slidably engage the inner bonnet surface. Each of the one or more modular stem assemblies includes a lower disc connector coupled to a lower end of the stem, the lower disc connector including a modular head rigidly coupleable to another one of the plurality of stem assemblies, and the lower disc connector has a second outer radial surface defined by an outer diameter for slidably engaging the inner bonnet surface.

[0068] [Embodiment 2] The cryogenic valve of embodiment 1, wherein to prevent misalignment, the upper disc connector of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies is configured to slidably engage the inner bonnet surface and rigidly engage the lower disc connector of the upper stem assembly or an adjacent one of the one or more modular stem assemblies, and the lower disc connector of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies is configured to slidably engage the inner bonnet surface and rigidly engage the upper disc connector of the lower stem assembly or an adjacent one of the one or more modular stem assemblies.

[0069] [Embodiment 3] 3. The cryogenic valve of claim 1 or 2, wherein all modular heads of the one or more modular stem assemblies are identical to one another.

[0070] [Embodiment 4] A cryogenic valve according to any one of embodiments 1 to 3, wherein the first head of the upper stem assembly is identical to the modular head of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies.

[0071] [Embodiment 5] The cryogenic valve according to any one of the first to fourth embodiments, wherein all modular slots of one or more modular stem assemblies are identical to one another.

[0072] [Embodiment 6] A cryogenic valve according to any one of embodiments 1 to 5, wherein the first slot of the lower stem assembly is identical to the modular slot of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies.

[0073] [Embodiment 7] The one or more modular stem assemblies include a first modular stem assembly having a first length and a second modular stem assembly having a second length, wherein the second length is shorter than the first length.

[0074] [Embodiment 8] A cryogenic valve as described in any one of embodiments 1 to 7, characterized in that at least one of the one or more modular stem assemblies includes one or more buffers positioned circumferentially around the stem and axially between the upper disc connector and the lower disc connector.

[0075] [Embodiment Item 9] 9. The cryogenic valve of claim 8, wherein the one or more buffers have an outer surface defined by an outer diameter for slidably engaging the inner bonnet surface.

[0076] [Embodiment 10] A cryogenic valve as described in any one of embodiments 1 to 9, characterized in that the first head of the upper stem assembly and the modular head of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies have a first T-shaped cross section for rigidly connecting to an adjacent one of the plurality of stem assemblies.

[0077] [Embodiment 11] A cryogenic valve as described in any one of embodiments 1 to 10, wherein the first slot of the lower stem assembly and the modular slot of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies have a second T-shaped cross section to rigidly couple to an adjacent one of the plurality of stem assemblies.

[0078] [Embodiment 12] The cryogenic valve includes a valve body and a bonnet coupled to the valve body and having an inner bonnet surface. The cryogenic valve includes a plug, a handle, and a plurality of stem assemblies extending between the handle and the plug and operatively connecting the handle and the plug. The plurality of stem assemblies includes an upper stem assembly operatively connected to the handle and including a first slot, a lower stem assembly operatively connected to the plug and including a first head, and one or more modular stem assemblies extending between the upper and lower stem assemblies. Each of the one or more modular stem assemblies includes a stem having an upper end and a lower end and an upper disc connector coupled to the upper end of the stem. The upper disc connector includes a modular head rigidly coupleable to another one of the plurality of stem assemblies. The upper disc connector has a first outer radial surface defined by an outer diameter to slidably engage the inner bonnet surface. Each of the one or more modular stem assemblies includes a lower disc connector coupled to a lower end of the stem, the lower disc connector including a modular slot rigidly coupleable to another one of the plurality of stem assemblies, and the lower disc connector has a second outer radial surface defined by an outer diameter for slidably engaging the inner bonnet surface.

[0079] [Embodiment 13] 13. The cryogenic valve of claim 12, wherein to prevent misalignment, the upper disc connector of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies is configured to slidably engage the inner bonnet surface and rigidly engage the lower disc connector of the upper stem assembly or an adjacent one of the one or more modular stem assemblies, and the lower disc connector of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies is configured to slidably engage the inner bonnet surface and rigidly engage the upper disc connector of the lower stem assembly or an adjacent one of the one or more modular stem assemblies.

[0080] [Embodiment 14] 14. The cryogenic valve of claim 12 or 13, wherein all modular slots of the one or more modular stem assemblies are identical to one another.

[0081] [Embodiment 15] A cryogenic valve according to any one of embodiments 12 to 14, wherein the first slot of the upper stem assembly is identical to the modular slot of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies.

[0082] [Embodiment 16] 16. The cryogenic valve according to any one of claims 12 to 15, wherein all modular heads of one or more modular stem assemblies are identical to one another.

[0083] [Embodiment 17] A cryogenic valve according to any one of embodiments 12 to 16, wherein the first head of the lower stem assembly is identical to the modular head of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies.

[0084] [Embodiment 18] 18. The cryogenic valve of any one of claims 12 to 17, wherein the one or more modular stem assemblies include a first modular stem assembly having a first length and a second modular stem assembly having a second length, wherein the second length is shorter than the first length.

[0085] [Embodiment 19] A cryogenic valve as described in any one of embodiments 12 to 18, wherein at least one of the one or more modular stem assemblies includes one or more buffers positioned circumferentially around the stem and axially between the upper disc connector and the lower disc connector.

[0086] [Embodiment 20] 20. The cryogenic valve of claim 19, wherein the one or more buffers have an outer surface defined by an outer diameter for slidably engaging the inner bonnet surface.

[0087] [Embodiment 21] A cryogenic valve as described in any one of embodiments 12 to 20, wherein the modular head of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies has a first T-shaped cross section for rigidly connecting to an adjacent one of the plurality of stem assemblies.

[0088] [Embodiment 22] A cryogenic valve as described in any one of embodiments 12 to 21, wherein each modular slot of one or more modular stem assemblies has a second T-shaped cross section to rigidly connect to an adjacent one of the plurality of stem assemblies.

[0089] [Embodiment 23] A modular stem assembly for a cryogenic valve includes a stem having a first end and a second end. The modular stem assembly includes a first disc connector coupled to the first end of the stem. The first disc connector includes a slot configured to securely receive a stem head of a second stem assembly of the cryogenic valve. The first disc connector has a first outer radial surface defined by an outer diameter to slidably engage an inner surface of a bonnet of the cryogenic valve. The modular stem assembly includes a second disc connector coupled to the second end of the stem. The second disc connector includes a head configured to be securely received by a stem slot of a third stem assembly of the cryogenic valve. The second disc connector has a second outer radial surface defined by an outer diameter to slidably engage an inner surface of the bonnet.

[0090] [Embodiment 24] 24. The modular stem assembly of embodiment 23, wherein the head has a first T-shaped cross section for rigidly coupling to a third stem assembly.

[0091] [Embodiment 25] 25. The modular stem assembly of claim 23 or 24, wherein the slot has a second T-shaped cross section for rigidly coupling to a second stem assembly.

[0092] [Embodiment 26] a first seal positioned circumferentially about the first outer radial surface of the first disc connector and configured to seal against an inner surface of the bonnet; 26. The modular stem assembly of any one of embodiments 23 to 25, further comprising a second seal positioned circumferentially around the second outer radial surface of the second disc connector and configured to seal against the inner surface of the bonnet.

[0093] [Embodiment 27] 27. The modular stem assembly of any one of embodiments 23 to 26, further comprising one or more buffers positioned circumferentially around the stem and axially between the first disc connector and the second disc connector.

[0094] [Embodiment 28] 28. The modular stem assembly of embodiment 27, wherein the one or more buffers include a plurality of buffers stacked axially between the first disc connector and the second disc connector.

[0095] [Embodiment 29] 29. The modular stem assembly of claim 27 or 28, wherein each of the one or more buffers has an outer surface defined by an outer diameter for slidably engaging an inner surface of the bonnet.

[0096] [Embodiment 30] A plurality of stem assemblies are axially stacked between a handle and a plug of a cryogenic valve and operatively connect the handle and the plug. The plurality of stem assemblies include an upper stem assembly operatively connected to the handle and including a first head, a lower stem assembly operatively connected to the plug and including a first slot, and one or more modular stem assemblies extending between the upper stem assembly and the lower stem assembly. Each of the one or more modular stem assemblies includes a stem with an upper end and a lower end and an upper disc connector coupled to the upper end of the stem. The upper disc connector includes a modular slot that is rigidly coupleable to another one of the plurality of stem assemblies. The upper disc connector has a first outer radial surface defined by an outer diameter. Each of the one or more modular stem assemblies includes a lower disc connector coupled to the lower end of the stem. The lower disc connector includes a modular head that is rigidly coupleable to another one of the plurality of stem assemblies. The lower disc connector has a second outer radial surface defined by an outer diameter.

[0097] [Embodiment 31] A plurality of stem assemblies according to embodiment 30, characterized in that to prevent misalignment, the upper disc connector of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies is configured to firmly engage with the lower disc connector of the upper stem assembly or an adjacent one of the one or more modular stem assemblies, and the lower disc connector of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies is configured to firmly engage with the lower stem assembly or an upper disc connector of an adjacent one of the one or more modular stem assemblies.

[0098] [Embodiment 32] 32. The plurality of stem assemblies according to claim 30 or 31, wherein all modular heads of one or more modular stem assemblies are identical to one another.

[0099] [Embodiment 33] A plurality of stem assemblies according to any one of embodiments 30 to 32, characterized in that the first head of the upper stem assembly is identical to the modular head of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies.

[0100] [Embodiment 34] 34. The plurality of stem assemblies according to any one of embodiments 30 to 33, wherein all modular slots of one or more modular stem assemblies are identical to one another.

[0101] [Embodiment 35] A plurality of stem assemblies according to any one of embodiments 30 to 34, characterized in that the first slot of the lower stem assembly is identical to the modular slot of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies.

[0102] [Embodiment 36] 36. The plurality of stem assemblies of any one of embodiments 30-35, wherein the one or more modular stem assemblies include a first modular stem assembly having a first length and a second modular stem assembly having a second length, wherein the second length is shorter than the first length.

[0103] [Embodiment 37] A plurality of stem assemblies described in any one of embodiments 30 to 36, characterized in that at least one of the one or more modular stem assemblies includes one or more buffers positioned circumferentially around the stem and axially between the upper disc connector and the lower disc connector.

[0104] [Embodiment 38] 38. The multiple stem assembly of embodiment 37, wherein one or more buffers have an outer surface defined by an outer diameter.

[0105] [Embodiment 39] A plurality of stem assemblies according to any one of embodiments 30 to 38, characterized in that the modular head of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies has a first T-shaped cross section for rigidly connecting to an adjacent one of the plurality of stem assemblies.

[0106] [Embodiment 40] A plurality of stem assemblies according to any one of embodiments 30 to 39, characterized in that each modular slot of one or more modular stem assemblies has a second T-shaped cross section for rigidly connecting to an adjacent one of the plurality of stem assemblies.

[0107] [Embodiment 41] A plurality of stem assemblies are axially stacked between a handle and a plug of a cryogenic valve and operatively connect the handle and the plug. The plurality of stem assemblies include an upper stem assembly operatively connected to the handle and including a first head, a lower stem assembly operatively connected to the plug and including a first slot, and one or more modular stem assemblies extending between the upper stem assembly and the lower stem assembly. Each of the one or more modular stem assemblies includes a stem with an upper end and a lower end and an upper disc connector coupled to the upper end of the stem. The upper disc connector includes a modular head that is rigidly coupleable to another one of the plurality of stem assemblies. The upper disc connector has a first outer radial surface defined by an outer diameter. Each of the one or more modular stem assemblies includes a lower disc connector coupled to the lower end of the stem. The lower disc connector includes a modular slot that is rigidly coupleable to another one of the plurality of stem assemblies. The lower disc connector has a second outer radial surface defined by an outer diameter.

[0108] [Embodiment 42] A plurality of stem assemblies according to embodiment 41, characterized in that to prevent misalignment, the upper disc connector of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies is configured to firmly engage with the lower disc connector of the upper stem assembly or an adjacent one of the one or more modular stem assemblies, and the lower disc connector of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies is configured to firmly engage with the lower stem assembly or an upper disc connector of an adjacent one of the one or more modular stem assemblies.

[0109] [Embodiment 43] 43. The plurality of stem assemblies according to claim 41 or 42, wherein all modular slots of one or more modular stem assemblies are identical to one another.

[0110] [Embodiment 44] A plurality of stem assemblies according to any one of embodiments 41 to 43, characterized in that the first slot of the upper stem assembly is identical to the modular slot of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies.

[0111] [Embodiment 45] 45. A plurality of stem assemblies according to any one of embodiments 41 to 44, wherein all modular heads of one or more modular stem assemblies are identical to one another.

[0112] [Embodiment 46] A plurality of stem assemblies according to any one of embodiments 41 to 45, characterized in that the first head of the lower stem assembly is identical to the modular head of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies.

[0113] [Embodiment 47] 47. The plurality of stem assemblies according to any one of embodiments 41-46, wherein the one or more modular stem assemblies include a first modular stem assembly having a first length and a second modular stem assembly having a second length, wherein the second length is shorter than the first length.

[0114] [Embodiment 48] A plurality of stem assemblies described in any one of embodiments 41 to 47, characterized in that at least one of the one or more modular stem assemblies includes one or more buffers positioned circumferentially around the stem and axially between the upper disc connector and the lower disc connector.

[0115] [Embodiment 49] 49. The multiple stem assembly of embodiment 48, wherein one or more buffers have an outer surface defined by an outer diameter.

[0116] [Embodiment 50] A plurality of stem assemblies according to any one of embodiments 41 to 49, characterized in that the modular head of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies has a first T-shaped cross section for rigidly connecting to an adjacent one of the plurality of stem assemblies.

[0117] [Embodiment 51] A plurality of stem assemblies according to any one of embodiments 41 to 50, characterized in that each modular slot of one or more modular stem assemblies has a second T-shaped cross section for rigidly connecting to an adjacent one of the plurality of stem assemblies.

[0118] [Embodiment 52] The cryogenic valve includes a valve body, a bonnet coupled to the valve body and having an inner bonnet surface, a plug, a handle, and a plurality of stem assemblies stacked axially between the handle and the plug and operatively connecting the handle and the plug. The plurality of stem assemblies includes an upper stem assembly operatively connected to the handle and including a first downwardly facing connector, a lower stem assembly operatively connected to the plug and including a first upwardly facing connector, and one or more modular stem assemblies extending between the upper and lower stem assemblies. Each of the one or more modular stem assemblies includes a stem having an upper end and a lower end and an upper disc connector coupled to the upper end of the stem. The upper disc connector includes a modular upwardly facing connector that is rigidly coupleable to another one of the plurality of stem assemblies. The upper disc connector has a first outer radial surface defined by an outer diameter to slidably engage the inner bonnet surface. Each of the one or more modular stem assemblies includes a lower disc connector coupled to a lower end of the stem, the lower disc connector including a modular downwardly facing connector rigidly coupleable to another one of the plurality of stem assemblies, and the lower disc connector has a second outer radial surface defined by an outer diameter for slidably engaging the inner bonnet surface.

[0119] [Embodiment 53] 53. The cryogenic valve of embodiment 52, wherein to prevent misalignment, the upper disc connector of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies is configured to slidably engage the inner bonnet surface and rigidly engage the lower disc connector of the upper stem assembly or an adjacent one of the one or more modular stem assemblies, and the lower disc connector of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies is configured to slidably engage the inner bonnet surface and rigidly engage the upper disc connector of the lower stem assembly or an adjacent one of the one or more modular stem assemblies.

[0120] [Embodiment 54] 54. The cryogenic valve of claim 52 or 53, wherein all of the modular downwardly facing connectors of the one or more modular stem assemblies are identical to one another.

[0121] [Embodiment 55] A cryogenic valve as described in any one of embodiments 52 to 54, wherein the first downwardly facing connector of the upper stem assembly is identical to the modular downwardly facing connector of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies.

[0122] [Embodiment 56] 56. A cryogenic valve according to any one of embodiments 52 to 55, wherein all of the modular upwardly facing connectors of one or more modular stem assemblies are identical to one another.

[0123] [Embodiment 57] A cryogenic valve as described in any one of embodiments 52 to 56, wherein the first upwardly facing connector of the lower stem assembly is identical to the modular upwardly facing connector of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies.

[0124] [Embodiment 58] 58. The cryogenic valve of any one of embodiments 52-57, wherein the one or more modular stem assemblies include a first modular stem assembly having a first length and a second modular stem assembly having a second length, wherein the second length is shorter than the first length.

[0125] [Embodiment 59] A cryogenic valve as described in any one of embodiments 52 to 58, characterized in that at least one of the one or more modular stem assemblies includes one or more buffers positioned circumferentially around the stem and axially between the upper disc connector and the lower disc connector.

[0126] [Embodiment 60] 60. The cryogenic valve of claim 59, wherein the one or more buffers have an outer surface defined by an outer diameter for slidably engaging the inner bonnet surface.

[0127] [Embodiment 61] A cryogenic valve as described in any one of embodiments 52 to 60, wherein the first downwardly facing connector of the upper stem assembly and the modular downwardly facing connector of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies have a first T-shaped cross section for rigidly connecting to an adjacent one of the plurality of stem assemblies.

[0128] [Embodiment 62] A cryogenic valve as described in any one of embodiments 52 to 61, characterized in that the first upwardly facing connector of the lower stem assembly and the modular upwardly facing connector of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies have a second T-shaped cross section for rigidly connecting to an adjacent one of the plurality of stem assemblies.

[0129] [Embodiment 63] A cryogenic valve as described in any one of embodiments 52 to 62, characterized in that the first downwardly facing connector of the upper stem assembly and each of the modular downwardly facing connectors of one or more modular stem assemblies are heads, and the first upwardly facing connector of the upper stem assembly and each of the modular upwardly facing connectors of one or more modular stem assemblies are slots.

[0130] [Embodiment 64] A cryogenic valve as described in any one of embodiments 52 to 62, characterized in that the first downwardly facing connector of the upper stem assembly and each of the modular downwardly facing connectors of one or more modular stem assemblies are slots, and the first upwardly facing connector of the upper stem assembly and each of the modular upwardly facing connectors of one or more modular stem assemblies are heads.

[0131] [Embodiment 65] A plurality of stem assemblies are axially stacked between a handle and a plug of a cryogenic valve and operatively connect the handle and the plug. The plurality of stem assemblies include an upper stem assembly operatively connected to the handle and including a first upwardly facing connector, a lower stem assembly operatively connected to the plug and including a first downwardly facing connector, and one or more modular stem assemblies extending between the upper stem assembly and the lower stem assembly. Each of the one or more modular stem assemblies includes a stem having an upper end and a lower end and an upper disc connector coupled to the upper end of the stem. The upper disc connector includes a modular upwardly facing connector that is rigidly connectable to another one of the plurality of stem assemblies. The upper disc connector has a first outer radial surface defined by an outer diameter. Each of the one or more modular stem assemblies includes a lower disc connector coupled to the lower end of the stem. The lower disc connector includes a modular, downwardly facing connector that is rigidly coupleable to another one of the plurality of stem assemblies. The lower disc connector has a second outer radial surface defined by an outer diameter.

[0132] [Embodiment 66] A plurality of stem assemblies as described in embodiment 65, characterized in that to prevent misalignment, the upper disc connector of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies is configured to firmly engage with the lower disc connector of the upper stem assembly or an adjacent one of the one or more modular stem assemblies, and the lower disc connector of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies is configured to firmly engage with the lower stem assembly or an upper disc connector of an adjacent one of the one or more modular stem assemblies.

[0133] [Embodiment 67] 67. The plurality of stem assemblies of embodiment 65 or 66, wherein all of the modular downwardly facing connectors of the one or more modular stem assemblies are identical to one another.

[0134] [Embodiment 68] A plurality of stem assemblies described in any one of embodiments 65 to 67, characterized in that the first downwardly facing connector of the upper stem assembly is identical to the modular downwardly facing connector of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies.

[0135] [Embodiment 69] A plurality of stem assemblies according to any one of embodiments 65 to 68, wherein all modular upwardly facing connectors of one or more modular stem assemblies are identical to one another.

[0136] [Embodiment 70] A plurality of stem assemblies described in any one of embodiments 65 to 69, characterized in that the first upwardly facing connector of the lower stem assembly is identical to the modular upwardly facing connector of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies.

[0137] [Embodiment 71] 71. The plurality of stem assemblies of any one of embodiments 65-70, wherein the one or more modular stem assemblies include a first modular stem assembly having a first length and a second modular stem assembly having a second length, wherein the second length is shorter than the first length.

[0138] [Embodiment 72] A plurality of stem assemblies described in any one of embodiments 65 to 71, characterized in that at least one of the one or more modular stem assemblies includes one or more buffers positioned circumferentially around the stem and axially between the upper disc connector and the lower disc connector.

[0139] [Embodiment 73] 73. The multiple stem assembly of embodiment 72, wherein one or more buffers have an outer surface defined by an outer diameter.

[0140] [Embodiment 74] A plurality of stem assemblies described in any one of embodiments 65 to 73, characterized in that each modular downwardly facing connector of one or more modular stem assemblies has a first T-shaped cross section for firmly connecting to an adjacent one of the plurality of stem assemblies.

[0141] [Embodiment 75] A plurality of stem assemblies described in any one of embodiments 65 to 74, characterized in that each modular upwardly facing connector of one or more modular stem assemblies has a second T-shaped cross section for firmly connecting to an adjacent one of the plurality of stem assemblies.

[0142] [Embodiment 76] A plurality of stem assemblies described in any one of embodiments 65 to 75, characterized in that the first downward-facing connector of the upper stem assembly and each of the modular downward-facing connectors of one or more modular stem assemblies are heads, and the first upward-facing connector of the upper stem assembly and each of the modular upward-facing connectors of one or more modular stem assemblies are slots.

[0143] [Embodiment Item 77] A plurality of stem assemblies described in any one of embodiments 65 to 75, characterized in that the first downwardly facing connector of the upper stem assembly and each of the modular downwardly facing connectors of one or more modular stem assemblies are slots, and the first upwardly facing connector of the upper stem assembly and each of the modular upwardly facing connectors of one or more modular stem assemblies are heads.

Claims

1. 1. A cryogenic valve, comprising: A valve body, a bonnet coupled to the valve body and having an inner bonnet surface; Plug and The handle and a plurality of stem assemblies axially stacked between the handle and the plug and operatively connecting the handle and the plug, the plurality of stem assemblies comprising: an upper stem assembly operatively connected to the handle and including a first downwardly facing connector; a lower stem assembly operatively connected to the plug and including a first upwardly facing connector; one or more modular stem assemblies extending between the upper stem assembly and the lower stem assembly, each of the one or more modular stem assemblies comprising: a stem having an upper end and a lower end; an upper disc connector coupled to the upper end of the stem, the upper disc connector including a modular, upwardly facing connector rigidly coupleable to another one of the plurality of stem assemblies, the upper disc connector having a first outer radial surface defined by an outer diameter for slidably engaging the inner bonnet surface; a lower disc connector coupled to the lower end of the stem, the lower disc connector including a modular, downwardly facing connector rigidly coupleable to another one of the plurality of stem assemblies, the lower disc connector having a second outer radial surface defined by the outer diameter for slidably engaging the inner bonnet surface.

2. To prevent misalignment, the upper disc connector of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies is configured to slidably engage the inner bonnet surface and to rigidly engage the lower disc connector of the upper stem assembly or an adjacent one of the one or more modular stem assemblies; and 2. The cryogenic valve of claim 1, wherein the lower disc connector of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies is configured to slidably engage the inner bonnet surface and to rigidly engage the upper disc connector of the lower stem assembly or an adjacent one of the one or more modular stem assemblies.

3. 2. The cryogenic valve of claim 1, wherein all of the modular downwardly facing connectors of the one or more modular stem assemblies are identical to one another, and wherein the first downwardly facing connector of the upper stem assembly is identical to the modular downwardly facing connector of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies.

4. 2. The cryogenic valve of claim 1, wherein all of the modular upwardly facing connectors of the one or more modular stem assemblies are identical to one another, and wherein the first upwardly facing connector of the lower stem assembly is identical to the modular upwardly facing connector of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies.

5. 10. The cryogenic valve of claim 1, wherein the one or more modular stem assemblies include a first modular stem assembly having a first length and a second modular stem assembly having a second length, the second length being shorter than the first length.

6. 2. The cryogenic valve of claim 1, wherein at least one of the one or more modular stem assemblies includes one or more buffers positioned circumferentially around the stem and axially between the upper disc connector and the lower disc connector, the one or more buffers having an outer surface defined by the outer diameter for slidably engaging the inner bonnet surface.

7. 2. The cryogenic valve of claim 1, wherein the first downwardly facing connector of the upper stem assembly and the modular downwardly facing connector of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies have a first T-shaped cross-section to rigidly couple to an adjacent one of the plurality of stem assemblies, and the first upwardly facing connector of the lower stem assembly and the modular upwardly facing connector of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies have a second T-shaped cross-section to rigidly couple to an adjacent one of the plurality of stem assemblies.

8. the first downwardly facing connector of the upper stem assembly and each of the modular downwardly facing connectors of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies is a head; The cryogenic valve of claim 1 , wherein the first upwardly facing connector of the lower stem assembly and each of the modular upwardly facing connectors of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies is a slot.

9. the first downwardly facing connector of the upper stem assembly and each of the modular downwardly facing connectors of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies is a slot; The cryogenic valve of claim 1 , wherein the first upwardly facing connector of the lower stem assembly and each of the modular upwardly facing connectors of each of the one or more modular stem assemblies is a head.

10. 1. A modular stem assembly for a cryogenic valve, comprising: a stem having a first end and a second end; a first disc connector coupled to the first end of the stem, the first disc connector including a slot configured to securely receive a stem head of a second stem assembly of the cryogenic valve, the first disc connector having a first outer radial surface defined by an outer diameter for slidably engaging an inner surface of a bonnet of the cryogenic valve; a second disc connector coupled to the second end of the stem, the second disc connector having a head configured to be firmly received by a stem slot of a third stem assembly of the cryogenic valve, the second disc connector having a second outer radial surface defined by the outer diameter for slidably engaging the inner surface of the bonnet.

11. 11. The modular stem assembly of claim 10, wherein the head has a first T-shaped cross-section for rigidly coupling to the third stem assembly and the slot has a second T-shaped cross-section for rigidly coupling to the second stem assembly.

12. a first seal positioned circumferentially around the first outer radial surface of the first disc connector and configured to seal against the inner surface of the bonnet; 11. The modular stem assembly of claim 10, further comprising: a second seal positioned circumferentially around the second outer radial surface of the second disc connector and configured to seal against the inner surface of the bonnet.

13. The modular stem assembly of claim 10 , further comprising one or more buffers positioned circumferentially around the stem and axially between the first disc connector and the second disc connector.

14. The modular stem assembly of claim 13 , wherein the one or more buffers include a plurality of buffers stacked axially between the first disc connector and the second disc connector.

15. The modular stem assembly of claim 13 , wherein each of the one or more buffers has an outer surface defined by the outer diameter for slidably engaging the inner surface of the bonnet.

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