Water treatment method for water treatment equipment

Abstract

To provide a water treatment method for a water treatment apparatus that enables backwashing and cleaning / disinfection while making the water treatment apparatus compact and controlling the consumption of hypochlorite.SOLUTION: A water treatment method of a water treatment apparatus consists of a membrane unit with at least a membrane module and a backwash tank in a portable, compact frame, a turbidity removal filtration tower containing at least fiber filtration material in a portable, compact frame, and a turbidity removal unit equipped with a flocculant injection mechanism that can be connected or disconnected. In the water treatment method of the water treatment equipment, after a filtration process by the turbidity removal unit, when a backwash process, a consolidation process, and a filtration and drainage process are performed and then the filtration process is performed again, a cleaning and disinfection process is performed in which the inside of the turbidity removal filter tower is cleaned and disinfected with hypochlorite water filled from a backwash tank filled with hypochlorite water through the membrane module.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 13

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a water treatment method for a water treatment device suitable for use in small-scale water facilities, and more particularly to a water treatment method for a water treatment device equipped with a turbidity removal unit and a membrane unit so that stable water purification can be performed even when the turbidity of raw water increases. [Background technology]

[0002] The coverage rate of water supply in Japan reached 97.5% in 2011, and universal water supply has been achieved. However, Japan's population has been declining since peaking in 2010, and in tandem with this decline, many depopulated areas, which account for roughly half of the land area of ​​cities, towns, and villages nationwide, are becoming increasingly marginalized due to a declining birthrate and aging population.

[0003] In principle, water utilities need to cover their operating costs through water fees, but in these marginalized small villages, revenue from water fees has plummeted with the decline in the number of water users, causing business efficiency to deteriorate. Even in small villages, securing sanitary drinking water and water for daily use is essential, but these small villages are scattered among steep mountains and far from water purification facilities, so it is becoming economically difficult to even maintain existing facilities, let alone renew them as they age.

[0004] In addition, the daily water requirement in these small communities is small, so new water supply methods that differ from conventional methods are required. There is also a need to address the increase in raw water turbidity caused by the deterioration of the water source environment.

[0005] As a water purification device that can handle cases where the raw water has high turbidity, Patent Document 1 discloses a water treatment system that includes a turbidity removal means consisting of a fiber filter in the pretreatment of the membrane treatment device so that raw water with reduced turbidity can be supplied to the membrane treatment device.

[0006] Patent Document 2 discloses a mobile water purification facility that is equipped with a turbidity removing means made of a fiber filter for pretreatment of the membrane treatment device and is sized to be mounted on a truck. Patent Document 3 describes a portable water treatment device that has a hollow fiber membrane module and a backwash tank in a frame.

[0007] Patent Document 4 describes a membrane treatment device in which a chemical tank is omitted by injecting a chemical solution into a backwash tank, thereby reducing the installation area of ​​the equipment.

[0008] Patent Document 5 discloses a method for operating a suspended solids removal apparatus in which a filter medium compression step is provided between a cleaning operation and a raw water treatment operation.

[0009] Patent document 6 describes a membrane module support device in which a membrane module is fixed to a support stand that can be moved horizontally or vertically via a rotation mechanism on a base unit, and the membrane module can be moved from horizontal to vertical together with the support stand. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0010] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 5866808 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 2755182 [Patent Document 3] JP 2018-130682 A [Patent Document 4] Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 7-37322 [Patent Document 5] JP 2003-24718 A [Patent Document 6] JP 2006-218387 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0011] However, the water treatment system of Patent Document 1 can stably perform water purification because it reduces turbidity using a fiber filter and then performs membrane treatment. However, it is a relatively large-scale system that is equipped with a raw water tank for storing the raw water taken in, a pretreatment tank for storing the fiber-filtered water, a purification tank for storing the membrane-filtered water, a fiber filtration backwash pump, and a membrane filtration backwash pump. Therefore, it is impossible to adopt this system as a water supply facility for small settlements scattered among steep mountains, both in terms of securing the necessary land and from an economic standpoint.

[0012] Furthermore, although the mobile water purification equipment of Patent Document 2 is considered to be useful in emergencies during disasters such as earthquakes and typhoons, as mentioned above, small villages that have become marginalized are scattered among steep mountains and have poor road conditions. In particular, near the water intake sources where the water purification equipment will be installed, there are no roads that even light vehicles can access, and in most cases it is necessary to approach on foot through narrow mountain paths, making it difficult to adopt mobile water purification equipment mounted on a truck as a water supply facility for small villages.

[0013] Therefore, the applicant proposed a portable water treatment device in Patent Document 3, but this portable water treatment device performs filtration of raw water only with a membrane unit, so that if the turbidity of the raw water increases due to environmental deterioration of the water source area or the effects of disasters such as earthquakes and typhoons, membrane blockage occurs in the membrane module immediately, and frequent backwashing of the membrane module and chemical cleaning of the membrane are required, which requires time and cost for maintenance and management of the water treatment device, and stable water purification cannot be performed. Therefore, there is a demand for a water treatment device that can stably perform water purification with a membrane unit even if the turbidity of the raw water increases due to various causes in small-scale water facilities.

[0014] Moreover, the membrane treatment device of Patent Document 4 does not disclose at all that the hypochlorous injection mechanism used in the turbidity removal unit and the membrane module is shared.

[0015] Furthermore, the clarification device of Patent Document 5 cannot be used in small-scale water purification facilities where the inflow of raw water is extremely small, and furthermore, it cannot suppress clogging of the membrane unit.

[0016] Furthermore, the membrane module support device in Patent Document 6 discloses that a rotation mechanism is provided to enable a heavy membrane module to be rotated by a single worker, and that the membrane module rotates from a horizontal to a vertical position, but does not disclose how to remove, assemble, or transport the membrane module.

[0017] The present invention has been made in light of the above circumstances, and its object is to provide a water treatment method for a water treatment device that is small and compact, easy to transport and install at small-scale water purification plants and disaster sites, capable of stable membrane filtration, and has a membrane module that is less likely to clog and is easy to maintain, thereby reducing the cost of water purification. Another object is to provide a water treatment method for a water treatment device that is compact and capable of backwashing and cleaning and disinfection while suppressing the consumption of hypochlorous acid. [Means for solving the problem]

[0018] In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is a portable, small-sized frame having at least a membrane module. and Backwash tank Have A membrane unit and a turbidity removal filtration tower that contains at least a fiber filtration material in a small, portable frame. and Coagulant injection mechanism Have A turbidity removal unit, In a water treatment device in which a membrane unit and a clarification unit are provided so as to be freely connected and disconnected, After the filtration process using the clarification unit, there is a backwash process. Supply raw water and compress the fiber filter material in the turbidity removal filter tower. consolidation process, Discharge the raw water clarified by the clarification filter tower to the outside until the clarification unit's turbidity removal capacity stabilizes. When the filtering process is carried out again after the filtering and draining process, hypochlorous acid The amount of From the backwash tank, hypochlorous acid is passed through the membrane module and into the turbidity filtration tower. Supplying This is a water treatment method for a water treatment device that involves a cleaning and disinfecting process for cleaning and disinfecting the inside of a turbidity removal filtration tower.

[0019] The invention according to claim 2 is as follows: In the cleaning and disinfection process, hypochlorous water is supplied to the turbidity filtration tower, and then raw water is supplied so that the entire turbidity filtration tower is filled. The present invention relates to a water treatment method for a water treatment device.

[0020] The invention according to claim 3 is The concentration of hypochlorous water stored in the backwash tank in advance was set to be higher than that of hypochlorous water used to clean and disinfect the inside of the turbidity removal filtration tower in the cleaning and disinfection process. The present invention relates to a water treatment method for a water treatment device.

[0021] The invention according to claim 4 is The cleaning and disinfection process is Inside the turbidity filtration tower Hypochlorous water is supplied to After air agitation with Hypochlorous water in a turbidity filtration tower The water treatment method is configured to discharge the water from the water treatment device. Effect of the Invention

[0022] According to the invention of claim 1, hypochlorous acid is Store From the backwash tank, hypochlorous acid is passed through the membrane module and into the turbidity filtration tower. Supplying Since the inside of the turbidity removal filtration tower is cleaned and disinfected, there is no need to provide a separate hypochlorous injection mechanism in the turbidity removal unit for cleaning and disinfecting the inside of the turbidity removal filtration tower. supply This makes it possible to clean and disinfect the inside of the turbidity filtration tower. Therefore, even if the hypochlorous injection point is changed, there is no need to provide a separate hypochlorous injection mechanism or backwash mechanism in the turbidity removal unit, and the turbidity removal unit can be made compact, reducing the amount of hypochlorous consumed, while the turbidity removal unit can be backwashed and the turbidity removal filtration tower can be cleaned and disinfected.

[0023] According to the invention of claim 2, After the hypochlorous water is supplied to the turbidity filtering tower, raw water is supplied so that the entire interior of the turbidity filtering tower is filled with the hypochlorous water, and the interior of the turbidity filtering tower can be washed and disinfected.

[0024] According to the invention of claim 3, hypochlorous acid is added in advance. At high concentrations Since the water is stored in the backwash tank, the consumption of hypochlorous acid can be reduced and the concentration can be adjusted to the desired level. Hypochlorous acid can be injected using only the existing equipment in the system, and the water is filtered through the turbidity removal filter tower. Supply hypochlorous water to The inside of the turbidity filtration tower can be cleaned and disinfected.

[0025] According to the invention of claim 4, in the turbidity removal filtration tower With hypochlorous water being supplied to the turbidity removal filter tower, Hypochlorous water is agitated with air, After that, the hypochlorous water in the turbidity filtration tower is drained. Efficient clarification in the filtration tower while suppressing the consumption of hypochlorous acid of Can be cleaned and disinfected. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0026] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of a portable water treatment device according to the present invention. [Diagram 2]2A to 2C are diagrams showing the external appearance of an example of implementation of the turbidity removal unit of FIG. 1, where (a) is a left side view, (b) is a front view, and (c) is a right side view. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the attachment and detachment of a turbidity removal filtration tower to and from the turbidity removal unit of FIG. 2. [Figure 4] 3A to 3D are drawings showing the disassembled turbidity removal unit of FIG. 2, in which (a) is a left side view, (b) is a front view, (c) is a right side view, and (d) is a removed turbidity removal filtration tower. [Diagram 5] 2 is a diagram for explaining the operation of a filtration process of the portable water treatment device of FIG. 1. [Figure 6] 2 is a diagram for explaining the operation of a membrane unit backwash water storage process of the portable water treatment device of FIG. 1. [Figure 7] 2 is a diagram illustrating the operation of a membrane unit backwashing process of the portable water treatment device of FIG. 1. [Figure 8] 2 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the backwash process of the turbidity removal unit of the portable water treatment device of FIG. 1. [Figure 9] 2 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the filtration and drainage process of the turbidity removal unit of the portable water treatment device of FIG. 1. [Figure 10] FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a basic configuration of a portable water treatment device according to another invention. [Figure 11] FIG. 1 is a drawing for explaining the removal and installation of the turbidity removal filtration tower of the turbidity removal unit, where (a) is an explanatory diagram of the turbidity removal unit with a portion cut away, (b) is an enlarged view of the main parts of (a), (c) is an enlarged view of the main parts after rotation when removing the turbidity removal filtration tower, (d) is an enlarged view of the main parts during removal or installation, and (e) is an enlarged view of the main parts after rotation when installing the turbidity removal filtration tower. [Figure 12] 1 is a diagram illustrating the rotation of a turbidity filtering tower. [Figure 13] FIG. 11 is a flow diagram of a method for cleaning and disinfecting the inside of a turbidity removal filtration tower of a portable water treatment device in another embodiment. [Figure 14] 14 is a diagram for explaining the hypochlorous water supply step in FIG. 13. [Figure 15] 14 is a diagram for explaining the raw water supply process of FIG. 13. [Figure 16] 14 is a diagram for explaining the consolidation step in FIG. 13. [Figure 17] FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining the filtration and drainage process in FIG. 13. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0027] Hereinafter, the portable water treatment device including the turbidity removal unit and the membrane unit of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the portable water treatment device of the present invention. According to Fig. 1, the portable water treatment device 1 is composed of a turbidity removal unit 2 and a membrane unit 3, and the turbidity removal unit 2 and the membrane unit 3 are connected to each other by connecting a pretreated water supply line 4 and a pretreated water line 5 to connectors 6, 7, 8, and 9 provided on both units 2 and 3.

[0028] The clarification unit 2 is a unit that clarifies the raw water as a pretreatment for the membrane unit 3 to enable stable filtration processing by the membrane unit 3 when the raw water taken in has high turbidity. The membrane unit 3 is a unit that performs membrane filtration of the raw water clarified by the clarification unit 2 to supply filtered water.

[0029] First, the configuration of the clarification unit 2 will be described. According to Fig. 1, in the clarification unit 2, a clarification filtering tower 11 that clarifies the supplied raw water, a coagulant injection mechanism 12 that injects a coagulant (PAC) into the raw water to be clarified, a backwash mechanism 13 that backwashes the clarification filtering tower 11, an air washing mechanism 14 that backwashes and simultaneously air washes (air scrubbing) the clarification filtering tower 11, and an operation panel 15 that controls the operation of the clarification unit 2 are all arranged in a frame 16.

[0030] The connection part 6 is connected to the primary side of the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 by a pretreated water supply line 21, and the pretreated water supply line 21 is provided with a turbidity meter 22 for measuring the turbidity of the raw water flowing through the pretreated water supply line 21, a PAC injection part 23 for injecting a coagulant into the raw water, a line mixer 24 for thoroughly mixing the injected PAC with the raw water, and a valve (three-way valve) 25 for switching the flow of the raw water from the pretreated water supply line 21 to the backwash water drainage line 49.

[0031] The turbidity removal filtration tower 11 is a lightweight, high-speed fiber filtration device with a diameter of φ300 and a polypropylene fiber filtration material 27 with high turbidity capture capacity built into a G-FRP body, and can remove turbidity from raw water with a turbidity of about 100 to a turbidity of about 10. If the water has a turbidity of about 10, no membrane blockage occurs even when the membrane unit 3 is used for filtration, and continuous, stable filtration can be performed.

[0032] A pretreated water line 29 is connected to the secondary side of the turbidity removal filtration tower 11, and the other end of the pretreated water line 29 is connected to a connection part 8. The pretreated water line 29 is provided with a flowmeter 33, a valve (two-way valve) 34, and a turbidity meter 35. In this example, the flowmeter 33 is an ultrasonic flowmeter with a measurement range of 2.5 to 50 L / min, and the measurement range of the turbidity meter 35 is 0 to 20 degrees, and they measure the turbidity of the clarified raw water to be supplied to the membrane unit 3.

[0033] In addition, the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 is provided with a differential pressure gauge 11a (measurement range: 0 to 1 MPa) to detect clogging of the fiber filtration material 27.

[0034] The coagulant injection mechanism 12 is a device for supplying a coagulant (PAC: polyaluminum chloride for water supply) to the raw water in order to neutralize the surface charge of colloidal particles (particle diameter 1 nm to 1 μm) contained in the raw water and cause the particles to bond together and precipitate.It is composed of a turbidity meter 22 that measures the turbidity of the raw water flowing in the pretreated water supply line 21, a PAC injection section 23 that injects a coagulant into the raw water flowing in the pretreated water supply line 21, a PAC tank 37 that stores PAC, a PAC supply line 38 that connects the PAC tank 37 and the PAC injection section 23 provided in the pretreated water supply line 21, a PAC injection pump 39 that pressure-feeds PAC from the PAC tank 37 provided in the PAC supply line 38 to the PAC injection section 23, a check valve 40 that prevents backflow from the pretreated water supply line 21 to the PAC supply line 38, and a line mixer 24 that uniformly mixes the injected PAC into the raw water.

[0035] In this embodiment, the measurement range of the turbidity meter 22 is 0 to 100 degrees, and the amount of PAC injected is adjusted by controlling the PAC injection pump 39 based on the measurement data of the turbidity meter 22. The PAC tank 37 is a rectangular polyethylene tank having a capacity of 20 L and equipped with a water level gauge 37a, and the PAC injection pump 39 is configured using a φ4×20W diaphragm-type metering pump.

[0036] The backwash mechanism 13 is a mechanism for backwashing the fiber filter material 27 housed in the turbidity removal filtration tower 11, and is composed of a backwash water supply line 45 that branches off from the pretreated water supply line 21 at a branch point 43 upstream of the PAC injection section 23 and merges with the pretreated water line 29 at a junction 44, a valve (two-way valve) 46 provided on the backwash water supply line 45, a backwash water drain line 49 that connects between the valve (three-way valve) 25 and a connection section 48, a filtration drain line 50 that merges with the backwash water drain line 49 from the junction 44 downstream of the turbidity removal filtration tower 11, and a valve (two-way valve) 47 provided on the filtration drain line 50. In addition, the backwash water can be drained outside the unit through a drain hose 51 connected to the connection section 48.

[0037] In the clarification unit of the present invention, a raw water backwash method is adopted in which the raw water supplied from the membrane unit is used to backwash the clarification filtration tower 11, thereby eliminating the need for cleaning equipment such as a backwash pump and backwash tank for the clarification unit, thereby making the clarification unit more compact and reducing costs.

[0038] The air washing mechanism 14 is a mechanism for performing air washing simultaneously with backwash cleaning of the fiber filtration material 27 to obtain a powerful cleaning effect in a short period of time, and is composed of two air blowers 52, 52, an air supply line 53 which sends air from the air blowers 52, 52 to the lower part of the fiber filtration material 27 in the turbidity removal filtration tower 11, a valve (two-way valve) 54 which controls the supply of air provided in the air supply line 53, and a check valve 55 which prevents backflow from inside the turbidity removal filtration tower 11.

[0039] In this example, a diaphragm blower is used as the air blower, instead of a Roots blower that is normally used for air washing of the turbidity removal filtration tower. The reason for using a diaphragm blower is that a Roots blower requires an AC200V power source, so an AC200V power source must be provided at the installation location, and the Roots blower requires a large installation space in the turbidity removal unit, making it impossible to configure the turbidity removal unit compact. Therefore, it was decided to use a diaphragm blower (0.35kW) that is compact and can use an AC100V power source, and two diaphragm blowers are installed to ensure the amount of air required for air washing of the turbidity removal filtration tower 11.

[0040] It is also a good idea to fix the air blower with a fixing bracket. If you attach a fence to the fixing bracket to prevent the blower from shifting and fix the air blower with a band, you can prevent the blower from moving or falling when transporting the turbidity removal unit. Also, if the blower fixing bracket can be pulled out from the frame, there is no need to remove the blower from above for maintenance, which reduces the space required to install the blower, allowing the turbidity removal unit to be made more compact.

[0041] The control panel 15 is a device for automatically operating the turbidity removal unit 2, and performs backwashing and air washing of the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 according to preset conditions through sequence control using a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), thereby recovering the filtering capacity of the fiber filter material 27 stored in the turbidity removal filtration tower 11. In addition, the control panel 15 controls the operation of the PAC injection pump 39 based on the measurement data of the turbidity meter 22, and injects an amount of PAC linked to the turbidity of the raw water being supplied, thereby enabling the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 to exhibit stable filtering performance even if the turbidity of the raw water fluctuates.

[0042] For this reason, the control panel 15 controls the operation of the PAC injection pump 39 and air blowers 52, 52 based on the control sequence and measurement data from the turbidity meters 22, 35 and flow meter 33, and in conjunction with these controls, controls the flow path switching of the valve (three-way valve) 25 and the opening and closing of the valves (two-way valves) 46, 47, 34, 52.

[0043] In this example, the frame 16 is made by joining L-shaped stainless steel (SUS) bars, and the appearance with each part assembled inside the frame is as shown in Fig. 2. Casters 56 are provided on the bottom of the frame 16 as a transport means. The external dimensions of the turbidity removal unit 2 in this state are width 650 mm, depth 800 mm, and height approximately 2240 mm, and the mass is approximately 250 kg.

[0044] The basic configuration of the clarification unit 2 has been described above, but as mentioned above, the clarification filtration tower 11 used in the clarification unit 2 is a fiber filtration tower with a diameter of 300 mm and a total length of about 2 m. Therefore, when the clarification filtration tower 11 is installed vertically in the frame 16, the total height of the clarification unit 2 from the floor surface is 2.2 m or more, which exceeds the height of a single door of a typical building, 1.8 m, and therefore cannot be brought into the building. Therefore, the clarification unit of the present invention is configured so that it can be easily disassembled to lower the height of the clarification unit when brought into the building, and can be easily reassembled after being brought in.

[0045] One of these is that the turbidity filtering tower 11 is configured to be removable. As shown in Fig. 2, cutouts 60, 60 are provided in the frame 16 on the side (right side) of the turbidity filtering unit 2, and the width of this cutout 60 is made larger than the diameter of the turbidity filtering tower 11. Therefore, when the turbidity filtering tower 11 is disassembled into the top and bottom at the flange 61 of the turbidity filtering tower 11, a portion 62 above the flange 61 of the turbidity filtering tower 11 can be attached and detached by passing through the cutout 60, as shown in Fig. 3, as indicated by arrow 63.

[0046] Since leaving this cutout 60 permanently reduces the strength of the entire frame, after installation of the turbidity filtering tower 11 is completed, an L-shaped member 65 is attached to the frame 16 with bolts 66 to close the cutout 60, as shown in Fig. 2. Note that, as shown in Fig. 3, if a stainless steel plate 67 is wrapped around the part 62 of the turbidity filtering tower 11 to be attached or detached and this stainless steel plate is fixed to the L-shaped member 65 with bolts 68, the work of attaching and detaching the turbidity filtering tower 11 will be easier.

[0047] Another configuration for easily disassembling the turbidity removal unit 2 and reducing its height is that, for lines extending above the upper end of the control panel 15, a joint is provided at the upper end of the control panel 15, making the portion exceeding the upper end of the control panel 15 removable. As shown in Fig. 2, for lines extending above the upper end of the control panel 15, a union joint 70 is provided at the upper end of the control panel 15, making the portion above the union joint 70 removable. Note that, in this embodiment, a joint is provided by a union joint, but the method of providing a joint on a line is not limited to this, and any appropriate means can be used.

[0048] 4 shows a state in which a portion 62 above a flange portion 61 of the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 has been removed, and as shown in Fig. 4, the highest part of the turbidity removal unit in this state is the upper end of the control panel 15, which is approximately 1750 mm from the floor. The mass of the turbidity removal unit 2 main body in this disassembled state is approximately 210 kg.

[0049] By disassembling the turbidity removal unit 2 in this manner, the external dimensions become 650 mm in width, 800 mm in depth, approximately 1750 mm in height, and the mass is approximately 210 kg. Therefore, it can be manually carried in through a single door of a typical building that is approximately 1.8 m in height and 700 mm in width, and assembled inside, making it possible to utilize the existing building.

[0050] Next, the configuration of the membrane unit 3 will be described with reference to Fig. 1. In Fig. 1, the membrane unit 3 includes a hollow fiber membrane module 84 connected to a membrane supply water line 82 connected to a raw water supply line 80 via a valve (three-way valve) 81 in a switchable manner on the primary side, a filtrate water line 83 on the secondary side, a backwash water tank 86 into which filtrate water is introduced via a backwash water storage line 85 connected to the filtrate water line 83 and stored, and a backwash water (filtrate water) stored in the backwash water tank 86 is pumped via a backwash pump 87 to the hollow fiber membrane module 84 as backwash water for backwash cleaning. The unit 3 is provided with a backwash water supply line 88 for discharging the backwash water from the unit 3, a backwash water drain line 89 for discharging the backwash water used to backwash the hollow fiber membrane module 84 to the outside of the unit, a compressor 91 for supplying air for air scrubbing the hollow fiber membrane module 84 when backwashing the hollow fiber membrane module 84, a hypochlorous injection mechanism 92 for injecting hypochlorous for disinfection into the raw water flowing through the raw water supply line 80, a control panel 94 for controlling the operation of the membrane unit 3, and a water intake pump 95. The connection part 9 and the membrane supply water line 82 are connected by a connection line 90. As shown in FIG. 1, all parts except the water intake pump 95 are housed in a frame 96.

[0051] In addition, the membrane unit 3 has three connection parts using one-touch fittings in addition to the connection parts 7 and 9. The raw water supply line 80 and the water intake hose 102 are connected to the connection part 101, the backwash water drainage line 89 and the drainage hose 104 are connected to the connection part 103, and the filtered water line 83 and the water supply hose 108 are connected to the connection part 107.

[0052] The raw water supply line 80 is a pipeline connecting the connection part 101 and a valve (three-way valve) 81, and is provided with a strainer 111, a valve (two-way valve) 112, a hypochlorous acid injection part 113, and a flow meter 114. The valve (three-way valve) 81 is a valve for switching the flow of raw water in the raw water supply line 80 to a branch line 115 when pretreatment is performed in the clarification unit 2, or to the hollow fiber membrane module 84 when pretreatment is not performed in the clarification unit 2.

[0053] The strainer 111 is provided to remove debris (soil, sand, and other impurities) contained in the raw water before the raw water flows into the turbidity removal unit 2 or the hollow fiber membrane module 84, and in this example, a disk-type strainer with an opening size of 200 μm is used. The strainer 111 is equipped with a differential pressure gauge 111a, which can detect clogging of the strainer 111.

[0054] In the portable water treatment device of the present invention, even when pretreatment is performed in the turbidity removal unit 2, the raw water is configured to first pass through the strainer 111, and the raw water is treated in series through the strainer 111, the turbidity removal unit 2, and the hollow fiber membrane module 84, in that order, thereby omitting the strainer in the turbidity removal unit 2 and making the turbidity removal unit 2 more compact.

[0055] The flow meter 114 measures the flow rate of raw water flowing through the raw water supply line 80, and the valve (two-way valve) 112 controls the flow rate of raw water flowing through the raw water supply line 80 to a constant flow rate based on the measurement data of the flow meter 114, and also controls the supply of raw water to the hollow fiber membrane module 84 or the turbidity removal unit 2.

[0056] The hollow fiber membrane module 84 contains a hollow fiber membrane filter (filtration membrane) of MF membrane or UF membrane, and uses a dead-end method to filter out general bacteria, pathogens, suspended solids (SS), etc. contained in the raw water. In this example, the nominal pore size is 0.1 μm and the membrane area is 23 m 2 The MF membrane filter is used.

[0057] The hollow fiber membrane module 84 is provided with a backwash water drain line 89 for draining backwash water and the like to the outside of the hollow fiber membrane module 84 when backwashing and air-washing the MF membrane or UF membrane filter housed therein, and the backwash water and the like drained from the hollow fiber membrane module 84 is drained to the outside of the membrane unit 3 via a drain hose 104 connected to a connection part 103. In addition, this backwash water drain line 89 is provided with a valve (two-way valve) 117 whose opening and closing is controlled by a control panel 94, and controls the drainage of backwash water and the like from the hollow fiber membrane module 84. The hollow fiber membrane module 84 is also equipped with a differential pressure gauge 84a to detect abnormal clogging of the MF membrane or UF membrane filter.

[0058] A filtrate line 83 is connected to the secondary side of the hollow fiber membrane module 84, and the filtrate processed by the hollow fiber membrane module 84 is supplied to the outside of the membrane unit 3 via a water supply hose 108 connected to a connection part 107 through the filtrate line 83. A valve (two-way valve) 118 whose opening and closing is controlled by a control panel 94 is provided on the filtrate line 83, and the supply of the filtrate water to the outside of the portable water treatment device 1 is controlled.

[0059] The backwash water storage line 85 is a line through which the filtrate processed by the hollow fiber membrane module 84 branches off from the filtrate water line 83 and supplies the filtrate to the backwash water tank 86. The backwash water storage line 85 is provided with a valve (two-way valve) 119 whose opening and closing is controlled by the control panel 94, and controls the supply of the filtrate to the backwash water tank 86, etc.

[0060] The backwash water tank 86 is a container for storing filtered water supplied via the backwash water storage line 85, and serves to supply the stored filtered water as backwash water when backwashing the MF membrane or UF membrane filter housed in the hollow fiber membrane module 84. In this example, the backwash water tank 86 is made of polyethylene resin and is molded into a square shape with a capacity of 60 L.

[0061] A water level gauge 86a is provided inside the backwash water tank 86, and this water level gauge 86a detects when the backwash water tank 86 is full of backwash water and when the backwash water tank 86 is empty, and transmits the result to the control panel 94.

[0062] The backwash pump 87 is a pump for pumping the backwash water stored in the backwash water tank 86 to the secondary side of the hollow fiber membrane module 84 to backwash the MF membrane or UF membrane filter housed in the hollow fiber membrane module 84, and is provided in a backwash water supply line 88 that connects the outlet 120 of the backwash water tank 86 to the backwash water storage line 85. In this example, a stainless steel horizontal shaft volute pump (0.4 kW, 32 A) is used as the backwash pump 87. This backwash pump 87 consumes the most power in the portable water treatment device 1, but since the specifications of the backwash pump 87 in this example are as described above, a household AC 100 V outlet can be used as the power source.

[0063] In addition, a check valve 121 is provided on the secondary side of the backwash pump 87 of the backwash water supply line 88 to prevent filtered water from flowing in from the backwash water storage line 85.

[0064] In the membrane unit 3, the long hollow fiber membrane module 84 is arranged in an upright state in the vertical space in the frame 96, thereby minimizing the vertical installation area of ​​the hollow fiber membrane module 84, and thus the bottom surface area of ​​the frame 96 is minimized. By storing the long hollow fiber membrane module 84 vertically in the frame 96 in this way, it becomes possible to perform air washing to peel off suspended matter on the membrane surface in the hollow fiber membrane module 84 by sending air from the bottom of the hollow fiber membrane module 84 during backwashing, and the backwashing effect is also improved. For this reason, the membrane unit 3 is provided with a compressor 91 and an air supply pipe 123 that supply air to the hollow fiber membrane module 84 during backwashing to perform air washing (air scrubbing). In addition, a check valve 124 is provided in the air supply pipe 123 to prevent backflow from the membrane supply water line 82.

[0065] The hypochlorous injection mechanism 92 is a device for injecting hypochlorous for disinfection into raw water flowing through the raw water supply line 80, and is composed of a hypochlorous injection section 113 for injecting hypochlorous into raw water flowing through the raw water supply line 80, a hypochlorous tank 127 for storing hypochlorous, a hypochlorous supply line 128 connecting the hypochlorous tank 127 and the hypochlorous injection section 113 provided on the raw water supply line 80, a hypochlorous injection pump 129 for pumping hypochlorous from the hypochlorous tank 127 provided on the hypochlorous supply line 128 to the hypochlorous injection section 113, and a check valve 130 for preventing backflow from the raw water supply line 80 to the hypochlorous supply line 128. In this embodiment, the hypochlorous tank 127 is made of polyethylene resin and is molded into a square shape with a capacity of 25 L, and a diaphragm-type metering pump (20 W, φ4×9) is used as the hypochlorous injection pump 129. A water level gauge 127 a is provided inside the hypochlorous tank 127 , and this water level gauge 127 a detects when the hypochlorous tank 127 is empty and transmits the result to the control panel 94 .

[0066] In the above explanation, a hypochlorous injection section 113 is provided in the raw water supply line 80, and hypochlorous is injected before the raw water is branched off to the turbidity removal unit 2, but it is also possible to configure the hypochlorous injection section 113 to be provided on the secondary side of the membrane module 84, and to inject hypochlorous into the filtered water that has been subjected to the filtering process.

[0067] Injecting hypochlorous acid before the raw water is diverted to the turbidity removal unit 2 has the effect of suppressing the proliferation of bacteria and microorganisms in the turbidity removal unit 2, but since free residual chlorine is consumed by organic matter and reducing inorganic matter in the raw water, the amount of hypochlorous acid to be injected increases, and if the turbidity of the raw water fluctuates, the amount of hypochlorous acid to be injected must be adjusted appropriately according to the turbidity, otherwise the free residual chlorine concentration may decrease. In addition, injecting hypochlorous acid on the secondary side of the hollow fiber membrane module 84 has the effect of ensuring a stable residual chlorine concentration by injecting hypochlorous acid into the filtrate, so that less residual chlorine is consumed, but since there is no free residual chlorine in the turbidity removal unit 2, there is a risk of bacteria and microorganisms proliferating in the turbidity removal unit 2, so periodic backwashing with water containing free residual chlorine is required.

[0068] The control panel 94 is a device for automatically operating the membrane unit 3, and performs backwashing and rinsing of the hollow fiber membrane module 84 at preset time intervals by sequence control using a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), thereby recovering the filtration capacity of the hollow fiber membrane module 84. Since the hollow fiber membrane module 84 performs filtration by a dead-end filtration method (full-volume filtration), substances to be filtered accumulate on the membrane surface housed in the hollow fiber membrane module 84, and therefore it is essential to periodically backwash and rinse the hollow fiber membrane module 84 to remove the accumulated substances to be filtered and recover the filtration capacity.

[0069] In addition, based on a signal from a water level gauge 86a installed inside the backwash tank 86, the control panel 94 controls the operation of the water intake pump 95, the storage of filtered water (backwash water) in the backwash tank 86, and the operation of the backwash pump 87 and the hypochlorous injection pump 129, and in conjunction with these controls, switches the flow path of the valve (three-way valve) 81 and opens and closes the valves (two-way valves) 112, 117, 118, and 119.

[0070] The water intake pump 95 is a long pump that takes in raw water from a water intake source (not shown) and supplies it to the membrane unit 3, and is used while being completely submerged in the raw water from the water intake source. The water intake pump 95 and a connection part 101 are connected by a water intake hose 102.

[0071] The frame 96 is a component that contains the hollow fiber membrane module 84, the backwash water tank 86, the backwash pump 87, the hypochlorous injection mechanism 92, the control panel 94, the strainer 111, and the lines connecting these, and in this example, the frame 96 is manufactured by combining stainless steel (SUS) moldings.

[0072] Next, a description will be given of the operation method and action of the portable water treatment device 1 configured as above. As described above, in the portable water treatment device 1, the turbidity removal unit 2 and the membrane unit 3 share the same equipment, and therefore, in the operation of the portable water treatment device 1, the turbidity removal unit 2 and the membrane unit 3 are controlled in an interlocking manner by the control panel 15 of the turbidity removal unit 2 and the control panel 94 of the membrane unit.

[0073] The operation process of the portable water treatment device 1 can be broadly divided into three processes: a filtration process, a membrane unit backwash process, and a clarification unit backwash process. Each process will be explained below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, thick solid lines indicate that raw water, filtered water, etc. are flowing, and arrows indicate the direction of flow. Broken lines indicate that raw water, filtered water, etc. are not flowing. Valves shown in white indicate that they are in an open state, and valves shown in black indicate that they are in a closed state.

[0074] 5 shows the operating status of the filtration process of the portable water treatment device 1. In the filtration process, the raw water taken in is clarified by the turbidity removal unit 2, then returned to the membrane unit 3, and filtered by the membrane unit 3 to be supplied to the outside of the portable water treatment device 1 as clean and safe filtered water. The raw water taken in from the water intake source by the water intake pump 95 is pressurized and supplied to the raw water supply line 80 in the membrane unit 3 via the water intake hose 102, and first passes through a strainer 111 provided in the raw water supply line 80 to remove garbage contained in the raw water. Next, hypochlorous acid for disinfection is injected from the hypochlorous acid injection section 113, and the flow of raw water that has passed through the flow meter 114 and the valve (three-way valve) 81 is supplied from the raw water supply line 80 to the branch line 115.

[0075] Since the branch line 115 is connected to the pretreated water supply line 4 via a connection part 7, the raw water passes through the pretreated water supply line 4 and flows into the pretreated water supply line 21 of the turbidity removal unit 2 from a connection part 6. The turbidity of the raw water flowing through the pretreated water supply line 21 is measured by a turbidity meter 22, and an amount of coagulant (PAC) according to the turbidity of the raw water is injected from a PAC injection part 23. The raw water is then stirred by a line mixer 24 so that the PAC is uniformly contained in the raw water, and the raw water passes through a valve (three-way valve) 25 and flows into the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 from the primary side.

[0076] When passing through the turbidity removal filtration tower 11, the raw water is subjected to high-speed fiber filtration by the fiber filtration material 27 stored inside, and for example, raw water with a turbidity of about 100 can be turbidified to a turbidity of about 10. If the water has a turbidity of about 10, no membrane clogging occurs even when the water is filtered by the membrane unit 3, and continuous, stable filtration can be performed.

[0077] The raw water that has been clarified in the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 flows into the pretreated water line 29 from the secondary side, passes through the pretreated water line 5 connected to the connection part 8, and is supplied to the membrane supply water line 82 via the connection part 9 and the connection line 90. The clarified raw water that has been returned to the membrane unit 3 is supplied to the hollow fiber membrane module 84 from the membrane supply water line 82.

[0078] The filtrate, from which general bacteria, pathogens, suspended solids (SS), etc. contained in the raw water have been removed by filtration processing in the hollow fiber membrane module 84, flows through the filtrate line 83 and is supplied to the outside of the portable water treatment device 1 by a water supply hose 108 connected to a connection part 107. The operation of the portable water treatment device 1 in this filtration process is controlled in conjunction with the control panel 15 of the turbidity removal unit 2 and the control panel 94 of the membrane unit 3 based on a signal from a water level gauge installed in a water distribution reservoir or tank (not shown), and when the water level gauge installed in the water distribution reservoir or tank detects full water, the operation of the water intake pump 95 is stopped and the operation of the coagulant injection mechanism 12 and the hypochlorite injection mechanism 92 are stopped, and when the water level drops to a certain level, the operation of the water intake pump 95 is resumed and the operation of the coagulant injection mechanism 12 and the hypochlorite injection mechanism 92 are resumed.

[0079] As can be seen from the operating status of the filtration process shown in Figure 5, the portable water treatment device 1 is configured so that the raw water taken in by the water intake pump 95 is supplied from the membrane unit 3 to the turbidity removal unit 2, and the secondary side of the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 of the turbidity removal unit 2 is directly connected to the primary side of the hollow fiber membrane module 84 of the membrane unit 3, and the turbidity removal unit 2 and the membrane unit 3 are arranged in series.Therefore, the raw water taken in can be supplied to the turbidity removal unit 2 and the membrane unit 3 using only the water intake pump 95, and the turbidity removal unit 2 does not require a water supply pump.

[0080] In contrast, if the turbidity removal unit 2 and the membrane unit 3 are not arranged in series but are connected independently, the turbidity removal unit 2 will require an intake pump, and a pretreatment tank will be required to store the raw water that has been clarified by the turbidity removal unit 2 and to allow the pump of the membrane unit to take it.Furthermore, quantitative control will be required separately for the turbidity removal unit 2 and the membrane unit 3, resulting in a complex control mechanism.

[0081] In this way, in the portable water treatment device of the present invention, by configuring the turbidity removal unit and the membrane unit in series, it is possible to eliminate the need for a water supply pump for the turbidity removal unit and a pretreatment tank between the turbidity removal unit and the membrane unit, and by simplifying the control mechanisms for both units, it is possible to make the portable water treatment device more compact, lightweight, and cost-effective.

[0082] In the portable water treatment device 1, the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 of the turbidity removal unit 2 and the hollow fiber membrane module 84 of the membrane unit 3 need to be backwashed to restore their filtering capacity every time a certain amount of time has elapsed in the filtration process, and this backwashing is controlled in conjunction with the control panel 15 of the turbidity removal unit 2 and the control panel 94 of the membrane unit 3.

[0083] 6 shows a process of storing the filtered water filtered by the hollow fiber membrane module 84 in the backwash water tank 86 in preparation for the membrane unit backwash process. The difference from the filtration process is that the valve (two-way valve) 118 provided in the filtered water line 83 is closed, and the valve (two-way valve) 119 provided in the backwash water storage line 85 is opened, so that the filtered water containing hypochlorous acid filtered by the hollow fiber membrane module 84 is stored in the backwash water tank 86 without being supplied to the outside. The filtered water is stored in the backwash water tank 86 until the water level sensor 86a provided in the backwash water tank 86 detects that the tank is full.

[0084] When the water level sensor 86a installed in the backwash water tank 86 detects that the tank is full, the process proceeds to a membrane unit backwashing process. In the backwashing process, as shown in FIG. 7, the backwash pump 87 installed in the backwash water supply line 88 is operated, and the valve (two-way valve) 117 installed in the backwash water drain line 89 is opened. As a result, the backwash water stored in the backwash water tank 86 is pumped from the secondary side of the hollow fiber membrane module 84 to the inside of the module through the backwash water drain line 89, and after backwashing the hollow fiber membranes housed in the middle fiber membrane module 84, it is discharged outside the unit through the drain hose 104 connected to the backwash water drain line 89. At the same time, the compressor 91 is also operated to supply cleaning air from the primary side of the hollow fiber membrane module 84 into the module, and air scrubbing the hollow fiber membranes housed in the module.

[0085] When the water level sensor 86a detects that all the backwash water in the backwash tank 86 has flowed out, the backwash pump 87 and compressor 91 are stopped, the membrane unit backwash process ends, and the process moves to the clarification unit backwash process.

[0086] 8, in the turbidity removal unit backwashing process, raw water into which hypochlorous acid has been injected from the membrane unit 3 is supplied as backwash water to the inside of the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 from the secondary side via the pretreated water supply line 4, and backwashes the stored fibrous filter material 27. At the same time, two air blowers 52, 52 are also operated to supply cleaning air into the turbidity removal filtration tower 11, and air wash (air scrub) the stored fibrous filter material 27.

[0087] The clarification unit backwashing process continues for a time set in the control panel 15, and when the set time has elapsed, the clarification unit backwashing process ends and the clarification unit filtration and drainage process begins. In the filtration and drainage process, as shown in Figure 9, the raw water that has been clarified in the clarification filtering tower 11 in the clarification unit 2 is drained from the junction 44 via the filtration and drainage line 50, the backwash water drainage line 49, the connection 48, and the drainage hose 51. This process is carried out to drain the initial clarified water, whose quality is unstable, to the outside without being sent to the membrane unit 3.

[0088] In this way, in the backwash process of the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 of the turbidity removal unit 2, backwash cleaning is performed using raw water injected with hypochlorous acid supplied from the membrane unit 3, so there is no need to provide a backwash water tank or backwash pump within the turbidity removal unit 2, and the turbidity removal unit 2 can be configured compactly and at reduced costs.

[0089] On the other hand, in the portable water treatment device 1, the turbidity removal unit 2 and the membrane unit 3 are linked and configured to share both devices in a compact manner, so that when either the turbidity removal unit 2 or the membrane unit 3 performs backwashing operation, the other unit must operate to support the backwashing operation, as shown in Figures 6, 8, and 9, and the raw water cannot be filtered. If the backwashing operation, etc. of the turbidity removal unit 2 and the membrane unit 3 is controlled to be performed at preset operation times, the backwashing operation will be performed according to the control sequence even though the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 and the hollow fiber membrane module 84 have sufficient filtering capacity remaining, which will put a strain on the filtration time of the portable water treatment device 1.

[0090] For this reason, in order to minimize the time for backwashing operation of the turbidity removal unit 2 and the membrane unit 3 and ensure the purified water volume of the portable water treatment device 1, the portable water treatment device 1 performs control to change the backwashing frequency according to the turbidity of the raw water. Specifically, the turbidity of the raw water taken in is measured by the turbidity meter 22 of the turbidity removal unit 2, and the portable water treatment device 1 is controlled to perform backwashing operation at time intervals corresponding to the raw water turbidity, for example, as shown in Table 1, thereby preventing unnecessary backwashing operation and ensuring the purified water volume of the portable water treatment device 1. Note that the relationship between the raw water turbidity and the cleaning frequency shown in Table 1 is merely an example, and the relationship between the raw water turbidity and the cleaning frequency naturally differs depending on the filtration performance of the turbidity removal filtration tower and the hollow fiber membrane, so it is necessary to set it using an actual device.

[0091] [Table 1]

[0092] Next, the basic configuration of a portable water treatment device in another invention will be described. Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a portable water treatment device in another invention. As shown in Figure 10, the portable water treatment device 141 uses a turbidity unit body 142 and a membrane unit 143 in series, takes in raw water from a raw water tank 144 by a pump 145, supplies the raw water to the primary side of the turbidity unit 142 through a raw water supply line 146 for turbidity treatment, supplies the raw water to the membrane unit 143 through a turbidity treatment line 147 provided on the secondary side of the turbidity unit 142, and supplies the purified water subjected to turbidity treatment and membrane filtration to a purified water tank 148.

[0093] By configuring the portable water treatment device 141 in this manner, it is possible to eliminate the need for a pretreatment water tank and pump between the turbidity removal unit main body 142 and the membrane unit 143, which would be necessary if the turbidity removal unit main body 142 and the membrane unit 143 are not arranged in series, and it is also possible to eliminate the need for quantitative control in each of the turbidity removal unit main body 142 and the membrane unit 143.

[0094] This eliminates the need to place duplicate equipment in the turbidity removal unit main body 142 and the membrane unit 143, and also avoids complicating the control mechanism, allowing the portable water treatment device 141 to be configured compactly and reducing manufacturing costs.

[0095] The components of the clarification unit body 142 and the membrane unit 143 are generally the same except for the raw water supply line 146 and the clarification treatment line 147, so detailed explanations will be omitted. In addition, the operating steps of the portable water treatment device 141 and the operating conditions at each step are the same as those of the portable water treatment device 1, so explanations will be omitted.

[0096] Furthermore, the turbidity removal unit may be used alone. In this case, an equipment unit incorporating devices such as a hypochlorous tank and a pump may be connected, and the turbidity removal unit may be used alone. Also, the turbidity removal unit may be used alone, utilizing devices incorporated in the membrane unit.

[0097] As is clear from the above description, the portable water treatment device of the turbidity removal unit and membrane unit according to the present invention is small and compact, easy to transport and install at small-scale water purification plants and disaster sites, and capable of stable membrane filtration. Even when the turbidity removal unit and membrane unit are separated, each unit can independently perform its respective functions, so that they can be used differently depending on the state of the raw water, and are extremely valuable as a water purification device for water facilities in small settlements where the population has decreased due to depopulation, etc.

[0098] Next, another embodiment of the turbidity removal unit will be described. In this embodiment, the turbidity removal filter tower of the turbidity removal unit can be safely removed from the frame and assembled.

[0099] The turbidity filtering tower 11 in this example has a total length of about 2 m and a weight of about 40 kg, and is lifted and removed or assembled from the side of the frame 16. In addition, since a strainer pipe member protrudes from under the flange at the bottom of the turbidity filtering tower 11, workers must work carefully not to damage the pipe member.

[0100] Furthermore, the body of the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 does not have a handle, and the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 must be lifted while working while taking safety into consideration, which results in poor workability.

[0101] Therefore, in this embodiment, a rotation mechanism is provided that rotates the turbidity removal filtering tower 11 of the turbidity removal unit so that it can be easily removed from or assembled to the frame.

[0102] In the following description, the same parts as those in the above-mentioned embodiment are given the same reference numerals and detailed description will be omitted. Fig. 11 is an explanatory diagram of the removal and installation of the turbidity removal filtration tower of the turbidity removal unit, where (a) is an explanatory diagram of a partially cutaway turbidity removal unit, (b) is an enlarged view of the main part of (a), (c) is an enlarged view of the main part after rotation when removing the turbidity removal filtration tower, (d) is an enlarged view of the main part during removal or installation, and (e) is an enlarged view of the main part after rotation when installing the turbidity removal filtration tower. Fig. 12 is an explanatory diagram when the turbidity removal filtration tower rotates.

[0103] 11(a), the turbidity filtering tower 11 is housed in a frame 16 of the turbidity filtering unit 2, and the frame 16 is provided with a rotation shaft 17 that enables the turbidity filtering tower 11 to rotate. The turbidity filtering tower 11 is held by a holding frame 18, and the holding frame 18 has a hook member 19 on its lower part.

[0104] The hook member 19 has a notch 19a, and the notch 19a has a first engagement portion 19b and a second engagement portion 19c. The hook member 19 engages with the rotating shaft 17 at the first engagement portion 19b or the second engagement portion 19c, and rotates the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 via the holding frame 18, enabling removal and assembly. The notch 19a of the hook member 19 is formed in a substantially T-shaped groove, and the first engagement portion 19b and the second engagement portion 19c continuously form an L-shaped groove that forms part of the substantially T. When the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 is positioned vertically as shown in Fig. 11(e), the first engagement portion 19b is disposed so as to be located above the second engagement portion 19c. The shape of the notch 19a of the hook member 19 and the position and shape of the engagement portion of the notch 19a can be set arbitrarily as long as the turbidity removal filtration tower is within a predetermined rotation range relative to the rotation shaft 17.

[0105] Here, the first engagement position is an engagement position when hook member 19 engages with rotating shaft 17 at first engagement portion 19b, and the second engagement position is an engagement position when hook member 19 engages with rotating shaft 17 at second engagement portion 19c. In the figure, hook member 19 and rotating shaft 17 are engaged in the portion surrounded by the dashed line.

[0106] 11(b), when the turbidity removal filtering tower 11 is housed, attached, and fixed in the frame 16 of the turbidity removal unit 2, the hook member 19 and the rotating shaft 17 are engaged at the first engagement position. As shown in the figure, the rotating shaft 17 is disposed near the lower side of the lower flange 61 of the turbidity removal filtering tower 11.

[0107] 12, the rotation shaft 17 is provided at a position where the pipe member 28 protruding from the turbidity filtering tower 11 does not come into contact with the bottom flange 61 when the turbidity filtering tower 11 rotates. In other words, the position of the rotation shaft 17 is set so that the inner pipe member 28 and the outer pipe member 28 do not come into contact with the inner wall of the turbidity filtering tower 11 with respect to the rotation orbit when the turbidity filtering tower 11 rotates. The position of the rotation shaft 17 is preferably below the bottom flange 61 of the turbidity filtering tower 11 and close to the bottom flange 61. The position of the rotation shaft 17 can be set arbitrarily as long as the turbidity filtering tower 11 is within a predetermined rotation range. Since the rotating shaft 17 is set in this manner, there is no need to worry about damaging the pipe members 28 or other members during work, and there is no need to lift the heavy turbidity removal filtration tower 11 within the frame 16, thereby improving workability.

[0108] Next, the removal operation of the turbidity filtering tower 11 will be described. As shown in FIG. 11(b), in the state where the turbidity filtering tower 11 is engaged at the first engagement position, the union joint 70 is removed, and then the fixing bolt of the flange 61 of the turbidity filtering tower 11 is removed, and the turbidity filtering tower 11 is rotated from the side of the frame body 16. At this time, the operator slowly tilts the turbidity filtering tower 11 while holding the holding frame body 18, so that it is safe even for one person. As shown in FIG. 11(c), when the turbidity filtering tower 11 is rotated to a position where it can be removed, the rotating shaft 17 and the hook member 19 are engaged at the first engagement position. Next, as shown in FIG. 11(d), the engagement position of the rotating shaft 17 and the hook member 19 is changed to the second engagement position, and then the turbidity filtering tower 11 is removed. If the turbidity filtering tower 11 is removed at the second engagement position, the turbidity filtering tower 11 can be prevented from slipping down during the rotation. In addition, since the hook member 19 is provided, the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 can be safely removed from the turbidity removal unit 2 after being rotated and placed in a temporary placement state.

[0109] In this way, the hook member 19 engages with the rotating shaft 17 to rotate the holding frame 18 relative to the rotating shaft 17, thereby stabilizing the rotation of the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 and allowing even a single operator to safely remove the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 from the frame 16, improving workability.

[0110] Next, the installation operation of the turbidity filtering tower 11 will be described. As shown in FIG. 11(d), the hook member 19 and the rotating shaft 17 are engaged at the second engagement position. Next, the turbidity filtering tower 11 is raised and rotated from the side direction until the holding frame 18 comes into contact with the frame 16. At this time, the operator grasps the holding frame 18 to rotate the turbidity filtering tower 11, so that even one person can perform the installation safely. As shown in FIG. 11(e), when the turbidity filtering tower 11 is rotated to a position where it is in a vertical state, the rotating shaft 17 and the hook member 19 are engaged at the second engagement position. At this time, a gap is formed between the lower flanges 61, 61 of the turbidity filtering tower 11. Therefore, it is possible to align the packing and check the position of the turbidity filtering tower 11, so that water leakage from inside the turbidity filtering tower 11 can be reliably prevented.

[0111] Then, when the hook member 19 is moved to the first engagement position, it becomes the mounting and fixing position of the turbidity filtering tower 11, as shown in Figure 11 (b), and the fixing bolt of the lower flange 61 is attached to fix the turbidity filtering tower 11, so that the turbidity filtering tower 11 can be assembled.

[0112] In this way, the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 can be rotated together with the holding frame 18 about the rotating shaft 17 to be removed from or assembled to the frame 16, so that even a single worker can safely work on the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 without having to lift it within the frame 16, thereby improving workability.

[0113] Such a rotating mechanism for the turbidity removal filtration tower via a rotating shaft can be provided in a portable water treatment device in which the turbidity removal unit and the membrane unit are integrated. Also, in a portable water treatment device in which the turbidity removal unit and the membrane unit can be separated, it may be provided in a turbidity removal unit having a turbidity removal filtration tower. Furthermore, in devices other than portable water treatment devices, such a rotating mechanism may be provided to remove and assemble a filtration tower housed in a frame.

[0114] Next, a portable water treatment device including a turbidity removal unit and a membrane unit according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described. In this embodiment, the hypochlorous injection section 113 is located on the secondary side of the hollow fiber membrane module 84, but the other configurations are the same as those of the above-mentioned embodiment.

[0115] In the above-described embodiment, the hypochlorous injection point is before the raw water branches off to the turbidity removal unit 2. That is, in the case of FIG. 8, in order to clean and disinfect the inside of the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 of the turbidity removal unit 2, hypochlorous is injected during the backwashing process (water backwashing process) and water + air washing process (water + air washing process) to clean and disinfect the turbidity removal filtration tower 11, resulting in a large amount of hypochlorous consumption.

[0116] On the other hand, when the hypochlorous injection point is located on the secondary side of the hollow fiber membrane module 84 of the membrane unit 3, the consumption of hypochlorous can be reduced and the generation of products caused by the reaction between the raw water containing turbidity and hypochlorous can be suppressed, but hypochlorous cannot be injected directly into the backwash water of the turbidity removal unit 2.

[0117] In the present embodiment, therefore, the clarification unit does not need to be provided with a new hypochlorous injection mechanism, and disinfection can be performed by injecting hypochlorous acid into the clarification filtration tower of the clarification unit. In the following description, the same components as those in the above embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0118] Fig. 13 is a flow diagram of the cleaning and disinfecting method for the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the backwashing step is followed by the cleaning and disinfecting step of the turbidity removal filtration tower 11, and then the consolidation step is carried out. That is, after the backwashing step (Fig. 8) similar to the embodiment of the portable water treatment device described above, the cleaning and disinfecting step and the consolidation step are added.

[0119] Explaining with reference to Figure 14, in this example, before entering the backwashing process, first, hyponitrous acid for disinfection is injected into the backwashing water tank 86 of the membrane unit 3 from the hyponitrous acid injection mechanism 92 provided on the secondary side of the hollow fiber membrane module 84 of the membrane unit 3, and washing water containing hyponitrous acid (hyponitrous water) is stored in the backwashing water tank 86 by an operation similar to that of the backwashing water storage process of the membrane unit 3 in Figure 6 described above (S1). Here, hyponitrous acid is stored in the backwashing water tank 86 in advance, which reduces the consumption of hyponitrous acid and makes it possible to adjust the concentration to a desired level. However, the concentration of hyponitrous acid is determined by the hyponitrous acid injection mechanism 92 described later. supply Raw water after process (S4) supply It is necessary to set a high concentration taking into account the dilution in step (S5) and the amount of chlorine disinfection.

[0120] Next, water backwash (step), water + air wash (step), and air wash (step) are repeated to backwash the clarification unit 2 (S2). The operation of the backwash step of the clarification unit 2 is the same as that shown in Fig. 8 above, so a description thereof will be omitted. After the backwash, the backwash water in the clarification filtration tower 11 is forcibly drained by air blowers 52, 52 through the backwash water drainage line 49 and the drainage hose 51 (S3).

[0121] After the backwash process of the turbidity removal unit 2 is completed, the process of cleaning and disinfecting the turbidity removal filtration tower is started. As shown in Fig. 14, the cleaning water (hypochlorous water) containing hypochlorous acid stored in the backwash water tank 86 of the membrane unit 3 is pumped by the backwash pump 87, and the hypochlorous acid is pumped through the hollow fiber membrane module 84 of the membrane unit 3 into the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 of the turbidity removal unit 2. supply (S4). At this time, by passing through the hollow fiber membrane module 84, it is possible to introduce hypochlorous acid into the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 of the turbidity removal unit 2 without providing a new hypochlorous acid injection mechanism in the turbidity removal unit 2. supply By using the backwash pump 87 of the membrane unit 3, hypochlorous acid water is fed into the turbidity removal filter tower 11 of the turbidity removal unit 2. supply Therefore, the hypochlorous injection mechanism 92 can be shared between the turbidity removal unit 2 and the membrane unit 3, which contributes to making the portable water treatment device more compact. In this way, even if the hypochlorous injection point is changed, it can be handled using only the existing equipment in the portable water treatment device.

[0122] As shown in FIG. 15, raw water is supplied from the pretreated water supply line 4 and the backwash water supply line 45 of the turbidity removal unit 2, and the inside of the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 is Supply raw water until it is filled with hypochlorous water (S5). When the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 is filled with hypochlorous water, the entire filtration tower can be disinfected. At this time, the raw water is disinfected using the pretreated water supply line 4 and the backwash water supply line 45 of the turbidity removal unit 2. supply Therefore, the raw water does not flow into the hollow fiber membrane module 84.

[0123] Next, in a state where the entire inside of the turbidity removing filtration tower 11 is filled with hypochlorous water, In the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 The hypochlorous water is agitated with air by air blowers 52, 52 for a predetermined period of time to clean and disinfect the entire inside of the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 (S6).

[0124] After the air agitation process, the inside of the turbidity removal filter tower 11 is rinsed with raw water by the backwash mechanism 13 of the turbidity removal unit 2 similar to that shown in FIG. 8, to remove dirt from the turbidity removal filter tower 11. or The hypochlorous water is drained (S7). At this time, the fiber filter material 27 in the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 is in a restored state by backwashing, that is, the fiber filter material 27 is in a stretched state. When the rinsing process is completed, the cleaning and disinfecting process in the filtration tower is completed.

[0125] After the cleaning and disinfecting process of the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 is completed, the consolidation process is started. As shown in Fig. 16, raw water is supplied from the pretreated water supply lines 4 and 21 at a predetermined filtration flow rate to consolidate the fiber filter material 27 in the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 (S8). At this time, the raw water is discharged from the drain hose 51 via the filtration drain line 50 and the backwash water drain line 49, so that the raw water does not flow into the hollow fiber membrane module 84. The predetermined filtration flow rate is a filtration flow rate that brings the fiber filter material 27 of the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 into a compacted state so that the turbidity removal unit 2 can sufficiently remove turbidity. The filtration flow rate is adjusted by controlling the flow rate adjustment valve 112. In this way, the fiber filter material 27 is compressed beforehand before entering the filtration and drainage process, so that once the filtration and drainage process is completed, the material is ready to perform its turbidity removal capability and can immediately begin filtration. In addition, turbidity removal is possible regardless of the amount of raw water inflow.

[0126] After the consolidation process, as shown in FIG. 17, raw water is supplied from the pretreated water supply lines 4 and 21, and PAC is injected from the PAC supply line 38. The raw water is discharged to the outside until the turbidity of the raw water clarified by the clarification filter tower 11 in the clarification unit 2 stabilizes (until the turbidity removal capacity of the clarification unit 2 stabilizes). The water is filtered and drained (S9). After the backwashing process, cleaning and disinfecting process inside the turbidity removal filtration tower, and consolidation process are completed, Turbidity of raw water clarified by clarification filter tower The filtration process is started after the turbidity removal capacity of the turbidity removal unit 2 has stabilized. This makes it possible to prevent clogging of the hollow fiber membrane module 84. The flow rate of the filtered wastewater is preferably approximately the same as the amount of water taken by the water purification facility.

[0127] Therefore, in this embodiment, the cleaning and disinfection of the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 is carried out by storing hypochlorous water in the backwash water tank 86 of the membrane unit 3, and using the backwash pump 87 of the membrane unit 3 to pump the hypochlorous water to the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 of the turbidity removal unit 2 via the hollow fiber membrane module 84. supply Therefore, even if the hypochlorous injection point is changed, there is no need to provide a separate hypochlorous injection mechanism or backwash mechanism in the turbidity removal unit 2, and the turbidity removal unit 2 can be made compact, while the consumption of hypochlorous is suppressed, and the turbidity removal unit 2 can be backwashed and the turbidity removal filtration tower 11 can be cleaned and disinfected.

[0128] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a consolidation process is carried out after the turbidity removal unit backwashing process. Therefore, after the fibrous filter material is restored, the fibrous filter material is brought into a consolidated state in the consolidation process, and the fibrous filter material can be maintained in the consolidated state until it is backwashed.

[0129] After compacting the fiber filter material, Turbidity removal capacity of turbidity removal unit 2 Since the water is filtered through the membrane unit after the temperature stabilizes, the raw water flow rate is extremely small (for example, 10 m 3 Even in small-scale water purification facilities (approximately 1000 sq. m. / day), the turbidity removal unit can be set to a flow rate suited to the local area, and clogging of the membrane module of the membrane unit can be suppressed while stably removing turbidity, and stable filtered water can be obtained easily.

[0130] In the above description, the consolidation step is performed after the backwashing step and the cleaning and disinfecting step, but the cleaning and disinfecting step may be omitted and the consolidation step may be performed after the backwashing step. Even in this case, the clarification unit can stably remove turbidity without depending on the flow rate, as described above, even when the amount of raw water inflow is extremely small.

[0131] In addition, the above cleaning and disinfection processes and consolidation processes have been described with respect to a portable water treatment device in which the clarification unit and the membrane unit are separable and integrated, but they can also be performed in a portable water treatment device in which the clarification unit and the membrane unit cannot be separated, and further, they can also be performed in a portable water treatment device in which the clarification unit and the membrane unit can be used as separate entities. EXAMPLES

[0132] An embodiment of the portable water treatment device including the turbidity removal unit and the membrane unit according to the present invention will be described below.

[0133] The raw water was filtered in a portable water treatment device consisting of a turbidity unit and a membrane unit until the set time was reached (the time depended on the turbidity) (filtration process). Next, backwashing was performed for about 20 minutes (backwashing process). After the backwashing process, the filtration flow rate was adjusted to 50 m / h, and the fiber filter material in the turbidity removal filtration tower of the turbidity removal unit was consolidated for 40 seconds (consolidation process). The turbidity removal unit was operated at an extremely low raw water flow rate (10 m), and the treated water was adjusted to the water intake volume of the water purification facility for about 5 minutes until the quality of the treated raw water in the turbidity removal unit stabilized. 3 / day), and then filtered and discharged (filtration and discharge process). Filtration of the raw water was then resumed (filtration process). Filtrate water with sufficient turbidity removed was obtained, and clogging of the membrane module was also suppressed.

[0134] Therefore, even if the raw water flow rate is extremely low (10 m 3 / day), the portable water treatment device consisting of a turbidity removal unit and a membrane unit can prevent clogging of the membrane module while removing turbidity from the raw water. In addition, the membrane flow rate of the portable water treatment device can be set low, so it is possible to set the raw water flow rate of the turbidity removal unit according to the site at a small-scale water purification facility. [Explanation of symbols]

[0135] 1, 141 Portable water treatment device 2. Turbidity removal unit 3 Membrane Unit 4. Pretreated water supply line 5 Pre-treated water line 6, 7, 8, 9 Connections 11 Turbidity filtration tower 15, 94 Control panel 16, 96 frame 17 Rotation axis 18 Holding frame 19 Hook member 27 Fiber filter material 82 Membrane feed water line 83 Filtrate water line 84 Hollow fiber membrane module 86 Backwash tank 113 Hypochlorous Acid Injection Section 115 Branch Line 146 Raw Water Supply Line 147 Turbidity removal line

Claims

1. A water treatment device comprising a membrane unit having at least a membrane module and a backwash water tank in a portable, small frame, and a turbidity removal unit having at least a turbidity removal filtration tower containing a fiber filtration material and a coagulant injection mechanism in a portable, small frame, the membrane unit and the turbidity removal unit being provided so as to be freely connected to and separated from each other, The water treatment device performs a filtration process again after a backwashing process, a consolidation process in which raw water is supplied to consolidate the fiber filter material in the turbidity removal filtration tower, and a filtration and drainage process in which the raw water clarified by the turbidity removal filtration tower is discharged to the outside until the turbidity removal capacity of the turbidity removal unit is stabilized. A water treatment method for a water treatment device, comprising a cleaning and disinfecting process in which hypochlorous water is supplied from the backwash water tank storing hypochlorous water to the inside of the turbidity removal filtration tower via the membrane module to clean and disinfect the inside of the turbidity removal filtration tower.

2. A water treatment method for a water treatment device as described in claim 1, wherein the cleaning and disinfection process comprises supplying hypochlorous water to the turbidity filtering tower, and then supplying raw water so that the entire turbidity filtering tower is filled.

3. A water treatment method for a water treatment device as described in claim 1 or claim 2, in which the hypochlorous water stored in advance in the backwash tank is set to a higher concentration than the hypochlorous water used to clean and disinfect the inside of the turbidity removal filtration tower in the cleaning and disinfection process.

4. A water treatment method for a water treatment device described in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cleaning and disinfection process comprises air agitating with hypochlorous water supplied into the turbidity removal filtration tower, and then draining the hypochlorous water from the turbidity removal filtration tower.

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