Construction material measurement method and measurement system therefor

Abstract

To provide a measuring method and a measuring system, in which scanning of only a member to be subjected to construction management is made possible and a measurement result can be instantaneously obtained at the site.SOLUTION: By a measuring device (2) having a distance measuring part (21) which performs non-prism measurement of a distance and an angle to a measuring point, a measuring system (1) performs the non-prism measurement along a three-dimensional measuring line (ML) connecting three-dimensional coordinates of two or more designated points (T1, T2) assigned on a three-dimensional space for an object to be measured by a straight line. From the three-dimensional coordinates of the measuring point measured in the vicinity of the three-dimensional measuring line (ML), the measurement result of a member interval and / or a member thickness to be measured is calculated and displayed on a display part (22).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for measuring the spacing and thickness of construction members at a construction site, and a measurement system therefor. [Background technology]

[0002] In construction work, construction management of construction materials is extremely important to ensure the performance of the structure. For example, in the case of construction management of reinforcing bars in a structure, it is necessary to check whether the spacing and thickness of reinforcing bars are as designed.

[0003] Patent Document 1 discloses a method of calculating the spacing and thickness of rebars by using a three-dimensional laser scanner that scans a dome with a pulsed laser in the vertical and horizontal directions, gradually shifting the measurement position of the scanner and analyzing a large amount of point cloud data acquired about the structure. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] JP 2010-261772 A Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, in Patent Document 1, elements other than rebars captured by the pulsed laser are also acquired as point cloud data, so post-processing is required to delete data on elements other than rebars, and there is a problem that the measurement results of rebars that are the subject of construction management cannot be immediately confirmed on-site. There are also problems such as the time required to set up the scanner when shifting the measurement position and the long scanning time.

[0006] The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems by providing a measurement method and a measurement system therefor that make it possible to scan only the components that are the subject of construction management, eliminate the problems of installation and measurement time, and obtain measurement results instantly on-site. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, a measurement system of one embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that it uses a measuring device having a distance measuring unit that measures the distance and angle to a measurement point without a prism, performs non-prism measurements along a three-dimensional measurement line that connects the three-dimensional coordinates of two or more designated points specified on the object to be measured in three-dimensional space with a straight line, and calculates the measurement results of the component spacing and / or component thickness of the object to be measured from the three-dimensional coordinates of the measurement points measured near the three-dimensional measurement line, and displays them on a display unit.

[0008] In the above aspect, it is also preferable that the measurement system extracts only measurement points within a predetermined distance range from the three-dimensional measurement line in three-dimensional space, and calculates the measurement results using these as measurement points measured in the vicinity of the three-dimensional measurement line.

[0009] In the above aspect, it is also preferable that the measurement system repeatedly continues measuring the measurement line and constantly updates and displays the measurement results.

[0010] In the above aspect, it is also preferable that a plurality of measurement lines are set and each measurement line is measured in sequence.

[0011] In the above aspect, it is also preferable that the measurement system designates three or more of the designated points, calculates a cross section in a three-dimensional space consisting of the designated points as a measurement area, and performs non-prism distance measurement of the measurement area.

[0012] In the above aspect, it is also preferable that the measurement system measures a provisional designated point that becomes the designated point when extended a known distance along an arbitrary three-dimensional straight line direction, and the coordinates of the provisional designated point are corrected by the direction cosine of the extended straight line direction and the known distance, and the three-dimensional coordinates of the designated point are obtained by correcting the coordinates of the provisional designated point by the direction cosine of the extended straight line direction and the known distance.

[0013] In the above aspect, it is also preferable to measure a provisionally designated point that differs from the designated point only in the height direction, and to change the height of all or at least one of the provisionally designated points to match the designated point, and to use the resulting coordinates as the three-dimensional coordinates of the designated point.

[0014] In the above aspect, it is also preferable that the measurement intervals of the measurement device are set to be equal intervals in real space on the measurement line.

[0015] In the above aspect, it is also preferable that an alarm be displayed when the measurement result is abnormal with respect to the design value.

[0016] In the above-mentioned aspect, it is also preferable that the measurement device is a scanner device that performs non-prism distance measurement by measuring the time it takes for distance measurement light to travel back and forth to the measurement point, and that is equipped with a deflection unit that deflects the emission direction of the distance measurement light relative to a reference optical axis.

[0017] In the above aspect, it is also preferable that the surveying instrument is capable of performing non-prism distance measurement from the phase difference between the reflected distance measurement light reflected from the measurement point and a reference light.

[0018] In the above aspect, it is also preferable that the specified point is specified by a target capable of being observed with an offset relative to the specified point.

[0019] In addition, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a measurement method of one embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises the steps of specifying two or more designated points in three-dimensional space on the object to be measured, measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of each of the designated points, calculating a three-dimensional measurement line by connecting the three-dimensional coordinates of the designated points with a straight line and performing non-prism measurement of multiple measurement points along the three-dimensional measurement line, extracting only the measurement points near the three-dimensional measurement line, calculating measurement results of the component spacing and / or component thickness of the object to be measured from the three-dimensional coordinates of the extracted measurement points, and displaying the measurement results on a display unit.

[0020] The measurement method of the above embodiment is also preferably written in a computer program and made executable as a measurement program. Effect of the Invention

[0021] According to the construction member measurement method and measurement system of the present invention, it is possible to scan only the members that are the subject of construction management, and obtain measurement results immediately on-site. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0022] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of on-site use according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] 1 is a configuration diagram of a measurement system according to a first embodiment. [Diagram 3] 1 is a configuration block diagram of a measurement device according to a first embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a configuration block diagram of a distance measuring unit according to the first embodiment. [Diagram 5] FIG. 2 is an image diagram of scanning by the measurement device according to the first embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is an image diagram of a target search by the measurement device according to the first embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a flow diagram showing a construction member measuring method according to the first embodiment. [Figure 8A] FIG. 2 is an image diagram of the first half of the measurement method. [Figure 8B] FIG. 13 is an image diagram of the latter half of the measurement method. [Figure 9] FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of a measurement system according to a second embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 11 is a configuration block diagram of a measurement device according to a second embodiment. [Figure 11] FIG. 13 is an image diagram of a scan according to a modified example (1) of the embodiment. [Figure 12] 13 is a display example of the measurement results according to the modified example (1). [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is an image diagram of a scan according to a modified example (2) of the embodiment. [Figure 14] 13 is a display example of the measurement results according to the modified example (2). [Figure 15] FIG. 13 is an image diagram of a scan according to a modified example (3) of the embodiment. [Figure 16] FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram of a measurement system according to a fourth modified example of the embodiment being used in a field. [Figure 17] FIG. 11 is a configuration block diagram of a measurement system according to a modified example (5) of the embodiment. [Figure 18] FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram of a measurement system according to a modified example (5) of the embodiment being used in the field. [Figure 19] FIG. 13 is another image diagram of the measurement system of the modified example (5) used in the field. [Figure 20] FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram showing how a measurement system according to a modified example (6) of the embodiment is used in the field. [Figure 21] FIG. 13 is an image diagram of a scan according to the modified example (6). DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0023] Next, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0024] FIG. 1 is an image diagram of a measurement system 1 used at a construction site, which is common to a number of embodiments and modified examples described below. As shown in FIG. 1, the measurement system 1 uses a measurement device 2 at a construction site to perform measurements such as connecting "two points" in a three-dimensional space of a construction member (measurement target) that is the subject of construction management with a straight line. The two points in the three-dimensional space are called designated points T1 and T2, and the straight line in the three-dimensional space is called a three-dimensional measurement line ML. The measurement system 1 calculates the member interval and member thickness of the measurement target from data of measurement points near the three-dimensional measurement line ML that connects the designated points T1 and T2, and immediately displays the measurement results as numerical values.

[0025] (Measurement system of the first embodiment) 2 is a configuration diagram of a measurement system 1 according to the first embodiment. The measurement system 1 includes a scanner device 2 and a target 3. The scanner device 2 is the "measurement device" in this embodiment. The scanner device 2 will be described first, and the target 3 will be described later.

[0026] (Scanner device) 2, the scanner device 2 includes a Fresnel scanner 21 and a display unit 22. As described later, the Fresnel scanner 21 can deflect and emit distance measuring light 270 from a reference optical axis. The Fresnel scanner 21 is the "distance measuring unit" in this embodiment.

[0027] The scanner device 2 may take any form as long as it has at least the above-mentioned components. In FIG. 2, the scanner device 2 is installed on a tripod as an example, but the installation is optional and the scanner device 2 may be a handheld type device held by an operator or an autonomous flying UAV (Unmanned Air Vehicle) type device. In this embodiment, the scanner device 2 includes a rotating table 5, and is configured such that the horizontal and vertical rotation angles of the scanner device 2 are grasped by two encoders arranged on the rotating table 5.

[0028] 3 is a configuration block diagram of the scanner device 2 (measurement device) according to the first embodiment. The scanner device 2 includes the Fresnel scanner 21, the display unit 22, the calculation processing unit 23, and, as optional elements, a camera 24 and a communication unit 25.

[0029] 4 is a configuration block diagram of the Fresnel scanner 21 (distance measuring unit) in the scanner device 2. The Fresnel scanner 21 deflects a pulse laser (distance measuring light 270) in an arbitrary direction from a reference optical axis O and emits it to measure a measurement point.

[0030] The Fresnel scanner 21 includes an emission section 210 , a light receiving section 220 , a distance measurement calculation section 230 , an emission direction detection section 240 , a motor driver 250 , and a deflection section 260 .

[0031] The emission unit 210 has an emission optical axis 21a, and has a light emitting element 21b, such as a laser diode (LD), and a light projection lens 21c on the emission optical axis 21a. The light receiving unit 220 has a light receiving optical axis 22a, and has an imaging lens 22c and a light receiving element 22b, such as a photodiode (PD), on the light receiving optical axis 22a. The emission optical axis 21a is deflected by a first reflection mirror 21d provided on the emission optical axis 21a and a second reflection mirror 22d provided on the light receiving optical axis 22a, and coincides with the light receiving optical axis 22a. The emission unit 210 emits a pulsed laser emitted from the light emitting element 21b as a distance measurement light 270. The light receiving unit 220 receives the reflected distance measurement light 280 from the measurement point, converts it into a light receiving signal, and outputs it to the distance measurement calculation unit 230. Based on the received light signal, the distance measurement calculation unit 230 calculates the distance to the measurement point by measuring the time it takes for the pulsed laser to travel to and from the measurement point.

[0032] A deflection unit 260 is disposed on the deflected outgoing optical axis 21a and the receiving optical axis 22a. In the deflection unit 260, a straight optical axis passing through the center is a reference optical axis O, which coincides with the outgoing optical axis 21a and the receiving optical axis 22a when not deflected by the deflection unit 260. The deflection unit 260 has a pair of optical prisms 26a, 26b. Each of the optical prisms 26a, 26b is formed by lining up a plurality of Risley prisms (circular wedge prisms). The plurality of Risley prisms are lining up in a direction perpendicular to the receiving optical axis 22a, and the Risley prism disposed at the center deflects the distance measurement light 270, and the Risley prisms disposed at the other positions deflect the reflected distance measurement light 280.

[0033] The optical prism 26a can be rotated independently around the light receiving optical axis 22a by a motor 26c, and the optical prism 26b can be rotated independently around the light receiving optical axis 22a by a motor 26d. The angles of the optical prisms 26a and 26b are controlled independently to deflect the distance measuring light 270 in an arbitrary specific direction from the reference optical axis O and deflect the reflected distance measuring light 280 in parallel with the light receiving optical axis 22a.

[0034] The emission direction detection unit 240 calculates the rotational position of the optical prisms 26a, 26b by counting the drive pulses input to the motor driver 250 that drives the motors 26c, 26d, or by using an encoder, and calculates the emission direction of the distance measurement light 270 based on the refractive index and rotational position of the optical prisms 26a, 26b.

[0035] 5 is an image diagram of scanning (non-prism distance measurement) by the scanner device 2 (measurement device). In the scanner device 2, the angle of each of the optical prisms 26a and 26b is controlled, so that the distance measurement light 270 can scan on an arbitrary straight line.

[0036] The arithmetic processing unit 23 is, for example, a microcontroller in which a central processing unit (CPU), a random access memory (RAM), a read only memory (ROM), etc. are implemented in an integrated circuit. The arithmetic processing unit 23 calculates the horizontal angle and the vertical angle with respect to the reference optical axis O for each measurement point from the emission direction of the distance measurement light 270 obtained from the emission direction detection unit 240, and measures the three-dimensional coordinates of each measurement point by associating the horizontal angle and the vertical angle with the distance measurement data of the distance measurement calculation unit 230. In this embodiment, the arithmetic processing unit 23 further includes a designated point coordinate acquisition unit 231, a measurement line scanning unit 232, a scan interval setting unit 233, a measurement line point cloud extraction unit 234, and a measurement result output unit 235. With these, the arithmetic processing unit 23 calculates the member interval and member thickness of the measurement target from the point cloud data near the three-dimensional measurement line ML connecting the designated points T1 and T2, and immediately outputs the measurement result as a numerical value. Details will be described later.

[0037] The display unit 22 is, for example, a liquid crystal screen that can be operated using a touch panel, and allows measurement settings, instructions, and confirmation of measurement results.

[0038] The communication unit 25 is an optional element, but it transfers the measurement results output by the calculation processing unit 23 to an external terminal. This communication can be, for example, Internet communication, wireless LAN, Bluetooth (registered trademark) communication, wired communication, etc., depending on the site.

[0039] The camera 24 is an optional element, but is used when the measurement results output by the calculation processing unit 23 are superimposed on the image of the site and output. As an example, the camera 24 is incorporated in the Fresnel scanner 21 as shown in FIG. 4. The camera 24 includes an image sensor 24b and an image control unit 24c. The image sensor 24b is a CCD or CMOS sensor, and the position of each pixel is specified in a coordinate system with the image optical axis 24a as the origin. The image control unit 24c synchronizes the timing of image acquisition by the camera 24 with the scan timing of the Fresnel scanner 21. The calculation processing unit 23 performs image processing, etc., for superimposing the measurement results on the image data acquired by the camera 24. The image generated by the calculation processing unit 23 is displayed on the display unit 22.

[0040] (target) Next, the target 3 will be described. However, the target 3 is used to facilitate measurement of the three-dimensional coordinates of the designated points T1 and T2 and to increase the measurement accuracy, and is not an essential component in this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, the target 3 in this embodiment is preferably an offset observation target having a cylindrical pole 31 for support, a disk-shaped reference reflecting part 32 having a reference point 36, and an auxiliary reflecting part 33 for measuring the inclination of the pole 31. However, the embodiment is not limited to the above, and any target that allows offset observation of the designated points T1 and T2 (observation for determining the coordinates of the designated points by measuring a reference point offset from the designated points by a known length and direction) can be used.

[0041] The reference reflecting section 32 is provided midway along the pole 31, with a reflective sheet wrapped around its entire circumference. The reflective sheet is also wound intermittently in the axial direction of the pole 31, and the portion where the reflective sheet is wrapped constitutes the auxiliary reflecting section 33. The lower end 35 of the pole 31 is formed into a pointed tip so that the designated points T1 and T2 can be indicated. The diameter of the pole 31 is configured to change at the reference reflecting section 32, and the top and bottom of the target 3 can be distinguished by the size of the auxiliary reflecting section 33.

[0042] The reference reflecting part 32 and the auxiliary reflecting part 33 reflect the distance measuring light 270 from the scanner device 2. The axial center of the reference reflecting part 25 is a reference point 36, and the offset distance L of the reference point 36 from the lower end part 35 of the pole 31 is known.

[0043] FIG. 6 is an image diagram of the search for the target 3 by the scanner device 2. The scanner device 2 can form a scan pattern 38 in the shape of a figure of "8" (two-dimensional closed loop) in which the forward and backward scan paths intersect at the center (intersection 37) of the scan pattern by setting the rotation ratio of the optical prisms 26a and 26b of the deflection unit 260 to 1:2. When the intersection 37 of the scan pattern comes close to the reference point 36 of the target 3, the scan pattern 38 passes through the edge of the reference reflecting unit 32 on the forward and backward scan paths. By measuring the target points Q3, Q4, Q5, and Q6 of this edge, the scanner device 2 can align the intersection 37 of the scan pattern with the reference point 36. In addition, the scanner device 2 can measure the inclination of the target 3 in the front, back, left, and right directions by measuring the target points Q1 and Q2 on the auxiliary reflecting unit 33. When it is determined that the intersection 37 of the scan pattern is on the reference reflecting portion 32 of the target 3, the scanner device 2 measures the reference point 36 and measures the three-dimensional coordinates of the designated points T1 and T2 by offset observation, taking into account the inclination of the target 3 and the offset distance L.

[0044] (Measurement method) A description will now be given of a construction member measuring method using the above-mentioned measuring system 1. Fig. 7 is a flow diagram showing the construction member measuring method according to the first embodiment, and Figs. 8A and 8B are work image diagrams of the same measuring method.

[0045] When measurement begins, the process proceeds to step S101, where the first measurer places the lower end 35 of the target 3 on "two points", designated points T1 and T2, in three-dimensional space of the component that is the subject of construction management (a construction component that constitutes a structure, which may be a single construction component or a group of multiple construction components. Hereinafter, referred to as the measurement target).

[0046] Next, the process proceeds to step S102, where the second measurer starts measurement with the scanner device 2. The designated point coordinate acquisition unit 231 of the scanner device 2 detects the reference point 36 of the target 3 and measures the three-dimensional coordinates of the designated point T1 (see FIG. 8A). If the scanner device 2 is equipped with the camera 24, it is also preferable to configure the scanner device 2 so that the detection time of the designated point is shortened by tapping the target 3 captured in the camera image.

[0047] Next, the process proceeds to step S103, where the designated point coordinate acquisition unit 231 of the scanner device 2 measures the three-dimensional coordinates of the designated point T2 (see FIG. 8A).

[0048] Next, proceeding to step S104, the measurement line scanning unit 232 of the scanner device 2 calculates a three-dimensional measurement line ML connecting the designated points T1 and T2 in a three-dimensional space, and emits the distance measuring light 270 while controlling the deflection unit 260 from the designated point T2 toward T1 (or from the designated point T1 toward T2), and performs line scanning of the three-dimensional measurement line ML (see FIG. 8A). At this time, it is preferable that the scan interval setting unit 233 sets the scan interval to be narrower than the thickness of the construction member so that the scan can capture the member to be measured. For example, if the diameter of the reinforcing bar to be measured is 2 cm as a design value, when the measurer inputs the design value, the scan interval setting unit 233 sets the scan interval to be, for example, 50% or less of the design value. The scan interval may be an interval at which at least one measurement point hits the member, and can be set to a desired value by controlling the relationship between the scan speed and the pulse emission period of the distance measuring light 270.

[0049] Next, moving to step S105, the measurement line point cloud extraction unit 234 of the scanner device 2 performs an analysis to extract only the point cloud within a predetermined distance range in three-dimensional space from the three-dimensional measurement line ML from the point cloud obtained in step S104. For example, as shown in FIG. 8B, when the measurement point p is acquired as shown in the figure when the site is viewed from above, the point cloud within a predetermined distance range in each of the XYZ directions from the three-dimensional measurement line ML in the coordinate system of the scanner device 2 (scanner coordinate system) (the three-dimensional space within the predetermined distance range is shown as the predetermined range space q. The value of the predetermined distance can be set arbitrarily) is assumed to be that of the reinforcing bar and is left, and the other point clouds (point clouds outside the predetermined range space q) are deleted as being that of another element located in front of or behind the reinforcing bar.

[0050] Next, proceeding to step S106, the measurement result output unit 235 of the scanner device 2 calculates the point spacing in the scanning direction (i.e., the direction of the three-dimensional measurement line ML) for each of the point clouds remaining in step S105, and calculates the "numerical value" of the component spacing and / or component thickness of the measured object, assuming that where the point clouds are spaced apart this represents the component spacing of the measured object, and where the point clouds are dense this represents the component thickness of the measured object (see Figure 8B).

[0051] Next, proceeding to step S107, the measurement result output unit 235 displays the "measurement result" calculated in step S106, i.e., the "numerical value" of the component interval and / or component thickness of the measurement target, on the display unit 22 (see FIG. 8B). At this time, if the scanner device 2 is equipped with a camera 24, the above numerical value may be displayed superimposed on the camera image. Furthermore, if the scanner device 2 is equipped with a communication unit 25, the above numerical value may be transferred as data to an external terminal. Furthermore, if the measurement result (numerical value) exceeds the allowable error range for the design value, it is also preferable to display an alarm on the display unit 22.

[0052] (Action and effect) As described above, according to the surveying system 1 of this embodiment, by performing a scan measurement in which two points in three-dimensional space are designated for the measurement target and the two points are connected by a straight line, it is possible to scan only the components that are the subject of construction management. Therefore, it is not necessary to carry the data back from the site and then perform post-processing to delete data other than the measurement target, and the measurement results (numerical values) for the measurement target can be checked immediately on site.

[0053] According to the surveying system 1 of this embodiment, the scanner device 2 scans only the straight line connecting the designated points T1 and T2, so the measurement time is overwhelmingly shorter than when scanning a wide range while shifting the measurement position of the device. Also, since the numerical values ​​are calculated in the three-dimensional space of the scanner coordinate system, there is no need to align the scanner coordinate system with the ground coordinate system, so the installation of the device is optional and the installation work can be saved.

[0054] (Measurement system of the second embodiment) FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of a measurement system 1' according to the second embodiment. The measurement system 1 includes a survey instrument 2' and a target 3'. The survey instrument 2' is the "measurement device" in this embodiment. The image of the measurement system 1' used on-site is the same as that in FIG. 1. The same reference numerals are used for the same configuration as in the first embodiment, and the description will be omitted.

[0055] (Surveying equipment) The surveying instrument 2' is a total station. The surveying instrument 2' is set up using a tripod. The surveying instrument 2' has a base part installed on a leveller, a support part 2b that rotates horizontally on the base part, and a telescope 2c that rotates vertically in the center of the support part 2b.

[0056] 10 is a configuration block diagram of a surveying instrument 2' (measurement device) according to the second embodiment. The surveying instrument 2' includes a distance measuring unit 21', an angle measuring unit 26, a horizontal rotation drive unit 27 of the support unit 2b, a vertical rotation drive unit 28 of the telescope 2c, a memory unit 29, the display unit 22, the arithmetic processing unit 23, and, as optional elements, the camera 24 and the communication unit 25.

[0057] The horizontal rotation drive unit 27 and the vertical rotation drive unit 28 are motors, and are controlled by the arithmetic processing unit 23. The angle measurement unit 26 is an encoder provided on the rotation axis of the support unit 2b and the rotation axis of the telescope 2c, respectively. The distance measurement unit 21' has a light emitting element, a light transmitting optical system, a light receiving optical system, and a light receiving element. The distance measurement unit 21' emits distance measurement light 270' such as an infrared laser toward the measurement point, and receives the reflected distance measurement light from the measurement point with the light receiving element. The arithmetic processing unit 23 calculates the distance measurement value to the measurement point from the phase difference between the reflected distance measurement light and the reference light that has traveled through the reference light path provided in the optical system. In addition, the arithmetic processing unit 23 calculates the angle measurement value of the measurement point from the detection value of the angle measurement unit 26 during distance measurement. The storage unit 29 is composed of, for example, a memory card, a HDD, etc. The storage unit 29 stores a surveying program executed by the arithmetic processing unit 23. In addition, various information acquired by the arithmetic processing unit 23 is recorded.

[0058] The surveying instrument 2' can perform both prism distance measurement, which targets a prism, and non-prism distance measurement, which targets a measurement point other than a prism.

[0059] (target) The target 3' in this embodiment is used to facilitate the measurement of the three-dimensional coordinates of the designated points T1 and T2 and to increase the measurement accuracy, but is not an essential component in this embodiment. The target 3' may be the offset observation target 3 shown in FIG. 2, or any other target that allows offset observation. As an example, the target 3' in this embodiment has a support rod 31' equipped with a reflector 32' as shown in FIG. 9. The reflector 32' may be a retroreflective prism or a reflective sheet. The tip 35' of the support rod 31' is sharp so that the designated points T1 and T2 can be indicated. The distance L between the tip 35' and the reflection center of the reflector 32' is known, and the tilt of the support rod 31' in the front, back, left and right directions is measured by a tilt sensor 33' (for example, a three-axis acceleration sensor or an inclinometer sheet that can perform image analysis of the tilt angle with respect to the line of sight).

[0060] (Measurement method) A construction member measuring method using the above-mentioned measuring system 1' will be described. The flow showing the construction member measuring method of this embodiment and the work image of the measuring method are the same as those in Fig. 7. The description will be given by quoting the flow in Fig. 7.

[0061] When measurement is started, the process proceeds to step S101, where the first measurer places the tip 35' of the target 3' on "two points", designated points T1 and T2, in the three-dimensional space of the component (measurement target) that is the object of construction management.

[0062] Next, proceeding to step S102, the second measurer points the surveying instrument 2' toward the designated point T1. The designated point coordinate acquisition unit 231 of the surveying instrument 2' performs prism distance measurement or non-prism distance measurement of the target 3' to measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the designated point T1. Similarly, in step S103, the three-dimensional coordinates of the designated point T2 are measured.

[0063] Next, proceeding to step S104, the measurement line scan unit 232 of the surveying instrument 2' calculates a three-dimensional measurement line ML connecting the designated points T1 and T2 in three-dimensional space, emits distance measuring light 270' while controlling the angles of the horizontal rotation drive unit 27 and the vertical rotation drive unit 28, and performs non-prism distance measurement multiple times on the three-dimensional measurement line ML. At this time, it is preferable that the scan interval setting unit 233 sets the angles of the horizontal rotation drive unit 27 and the vertical rotation drive unit 28 so that the measurement interval of the distance measuring light 270' is narrower than the thickness of the construction member so that the non-prism distance measurement can capture the member to be measured.

[0064] Next, proceeding to step S105, the measurement line point cloud extraction unit 234 of the surveying instrument 2' performs an analysis to extract only the point cloud within a predetermined distance range from the three-dimensional measurement line ML in the three-dimensional space from the point cloud obtained in step S104.

[0065] Next, proceeding to step S106, the measurement result output unit 235 of the surveying instrument 2' calculates the point spacing in the scan direction (i.e., the direction of the three-dimensional measurement line ML) for each of the point clouds remaining in step S105, and calculates the "numerical value" of the component spacing and / or component thickness of the measurement target.

[0066] Next, proceeding to step S107, the measurement result output unit 235 of the surveying instrument 2' displays the "measurement result" calculated in step S106, i.e., the "numerical value" of the component interval and / or component thickness of the measurement target, on the display unit 22. At this time, if the surveying instrument 2' is equipped with a camera 24, the above numerical value may be displayed superimposed on the camera image. Furthermore, if the surveying instrument 2' is equipped with a communication unit 25, the above numerical value may be transferred as data to an external terminal. Furthermore, if the measurement result (numerical value) exceeds the allowable error range for the design value, it is also preferable to display an alarm on the display unit 22.

[0067] (Action and effect) As described above, according to the surveying system 1' of this embodiment, even if the scanning device 2 is replaced with the surveying instrument 2', it is possible to scan only the components that are the targets of construction management. Therefore, the measurement results (numerical values) of the measurement target can be checked immediately on-site.

[0068] (Preferred variant) Next, several preferred modifications that can be applied to the first and second embodiments will be described. Below, examples that are applied to the first embodiment will be described as representative examples. The same reference numerals will be used for configurations similar to those in the first embodiment, and the description will be omitted.

[0069] FIG. 11 is an image diagram of a scan according to the modified example (1) of the embodiment, and FIG. 12 is an example of a display of a measurement result according to the modified example (1). The measurement system 1 according to the modified example (1) scans the three-dimensional measurement line ML back and forth a plurality of times. This back and forth scan may be a repetitive scan or a repetitive one-way scan. The modified example (1) is particularly effective for positioning members during construction. According to the modified example (1), by continuing the scan with the back and forth scan, the member interval for the member being constructed is instantly output to the display unit 22. Therefore, by looking at the displayed numerical value, it is possible to know in real time whether the member interval for the member being constructed is as designed, the interval is longer than the designed value, or the interval is shorter than the designed value. Therefore, it is possible to perform construction while making adjustments by looking at the numerical value of the measurement result. In addition, there is also an advantage that the measurement accuracy is improved by averaging the measurement results obtained by the back and forth scan. In the modified example (1), it is also preferable to transfer the data to a terminal held by the construction worker. It is also preferable to color-code the display of the measurement result according to the degree of deviation from the design value and to issue an alarm.

[0070] FIG. 13 is an image diagram of scanning by the modified example (2) according to the embodiment, and FIG. 14 is an example of display of the measurement result by the modified example (2). The measurement system 1 according to the modified example (2) sets multiple three-dimensional measurement lines ML1, ML2, ..., and scans them in order. The measurement system 1 according to the modified example (2) is also effective for positioning of components during construction. An example is shown in FIG. 13. Worker A and worker B are installing rebar C to be placed in the Y direction in a construction work to install rebars in a lattice pattern on the XY plane. In this case, along the X direction, a measurement line ML1 is set on the worker A side, and a measurement line ML2 is set on the worker B side, and the measurement lines ML1 and ML2 are alternately measured, and the measurement results of the measurement lines ML1 and ML2 are displayed on the terminal PA of worker A and the terminal PB of worker B. According to the modified example (2), construction work by multiple people is made easier.

[0071] FIG. 15 is an image diagram of a scan according to the modified example (3) of the embodiment. The measurement system 1 according to the modified example (3) performs an area scan by designating "three or more" designated points. FIG. 15 shows a case where four designated points T1, T2, T3, and T4 are designated. In the modified example (3), the measurement line scanning unit 232 of the scanning device 2 calculates a cross section consisting of the designated points T1, T2, T3, and T4 in a three-dimensional space as a measurement area MA in step S104 of FIG. 7, and scans the measurement area MA in one stroke. Next, the measurement line point cloud extraction unit 234 performs an analysis in step S105 of FIG. 7 to extract only the point cloud within a predetermined distance range from the measurement area MA in the three-dimensional space from the point cloud obtained in step S104. According to the modified example (3), the measurement can be expanded from a line to an area, and the measurement result can be immediately confirmed on-site.

[0072] FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an image of a measurement system 1 according to a modified example (4) of the embodiment in use at a site. The measurement system 1 according to the modified example (4) is effective when it is desired to measure the positions of both or one of the designated points T1 and T2 by extending them in the direction of a three-dimensional arbitrary straight line. In FIG. 16, as an example, there is a physical obstacle at a point that is originally to be designated as the designated point T2, and the target 3 cannot be placed thereon. In this case, in step S101 of FIG. 7, the first measurer places the target 3 on a provisional designated point T2' at a position that becomes the designated point T2 when the position is shifted by a known distance H in the direction of the three-dimensional arbitrary straight line SL. Then, in step S103, the designated point coordinate acquisition unit 231 of the scanning device 2 acquires the three-dimensional coordinates (X2, Y2, Z2) of the provisional designated point T2', and measures (Vx×H+X2, Vy×H+Y2, Vz×H+Z2) as the three-dimensional coordinates of the designated point T2 using the direction cosines (Vx, Vy, Vz) of the three-dimensional arbitrary straight line SL. According to the modification (4), the degree of freedom in setting the three-dimensional measurement line ML is increased, and it is possible to easily perform measurement for an area where more data is desired. Note that the distance H may be specified or may be extended to the measurement limit of the scanner device 2.

[0073] FIG. 17 is a block diagram of the measurement system 1 according to the modified example (5) of the embodiment. The measurement system 1 according to the modified example (5) further includes a tilt sensor 6 in the case of the scanner device 2. In the modified example (5), the scanner device 2 needs to be installed on a tripod or the like, and the tilt sensor 6 is placed on the rotating table 5 (note that many surveying instruments 2' are originally equipped with a tilt sensor). The designated point coordinate acquisition unit 231 of the scanner device 2 grasps the vertical of the scanner device 2 based on the tilt attitude information of the tilt sensor 6, and measures the height (Z) of the scanner coordinate system. The measurement system 1 according to the modified example (5) is effective when it is desired to change the height of both or one of the designated points T1 and T2. According to the modified example (5), the degree of freedom in setting the three-dimensional measurement line ML increases, and it is possible to easily perform measurement on a portion where more data is desired.

[0074] FIG. 18 is an image diagram of a measurement system 1 according to a modified example (5) of the embodiment in use at a site. In FIG. 18, as an example, there is a physical obstacle at a point that is originally to be designated as the designated point T2, and the target 3 cannot be placed thereon. In this case, in step S101 of FIG. 7, the first measurer places the target 3 on a provisionally designated point T2' that is shifted in the height direction (Z direction) from the designated point T2. Then, in step S103, the designated point coordinate acquisition unit 231 of the scanning device 2 acquires the three-dimensional coordinates (X2, Y2, Z2) of the provisionally designated point T2', matches the Z coordinate of the provisionally designated point T2' with the Z coordinate (Z1) of the designated point T1, and measures the three-dimensional coordinates (X2, Y2, "Z1") as the designated point T2. Note that the modified example (5) described later may be combined with the modified example (4), the target 3 may be placed at a position shifted by the height D from the provisionally designated point T2', and the coordinates of the provisionally designated point T2' of the modified example (4) may be acquired by the method of the modified example (5).

[0075] FIG. 19 is another image diagram of the measurement system 1 of the modified example (5) used on-site. FIG. 19 shows an example in which it is difficult to place the target 3 at the positions that are originally intended to be designated as the designated points T1 and T2. In this case, in step S101 of FIG. 7, the first measurer places the target 3 on the provisionally designated points T1' and T2' that are shifted from the designated points T1 and T2 by a known height D. Then, in steps S102 and S103, the designated point coordinate acquisition unit 231 of the scanning device 2 acquires the three-dimensional coordinates (X1, Y1, Z1) of the provisionally designated point T1' and the three-dimensional coordinates (X2, Y2, Z2) of the provisionally designated point T2', adds the height D to the Z coordinate of the provisionally designated point T1', and measures the three-dimensional coordinates (X1, Y1, "Z1+D") as the three-dimensional coordinates of the designated point T1, and similarly measures the three-dimensional coordinates (X2, Y2, "Z2+D") as the three-dimensional coordinates of the designated point T2. It should be noted that the height D can be subtracted as well as added.

[0076] FIG. 20 is an image diagram of the measurement system 1 of the modified example (6) according to the embodiment used at the site, and FIG. 21 is an image diagram of scanning by the modified example (6). The measurement system 1 according to the modified example (6) is particularly effective when the three-dimensional measurement line ML is set in the far direction from the scanning device 2 as shown in FIG. 20. When scanning is performed with a constant scan interval, that is, when the light emission angle is controlled at a constant interval, the point cloud interval at the back of the three-dimensional measurement line ML is acquired wider than the point cloud interval at the front as it moves from the front to the back. Therefore, in the modified example (6), when the measurement interval value is specified as "d", the scan interval setting unit 233 of the scanner device 2 changes the scan interval so that the position allocated to the designated points T1 and T2 by the interval d becomes the measurement point, and controls the light emission angle so that the measurement point is obtained at the interval d in the real space on the three-dimensional measurement line ML as shown in FIG. 21. According to the modified example (6), the point cloud on the three-dimensional measurement line ML can be obtained without being influenced by the apparent angle from the scanner device 2, so that it is possible to prevent errors from occurring in the numerical values ​​of the measurement results.

[0077] Although the preferred embodiment and modifications of the measurement method and measurement system of the present invention have been described above, it is possible to combine the various embodiments and modifications based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art, and such combinations are also included in the scope of the present invention. In addition, the embodiment and modifications have been described using reinforcing bars as an example of the material to be managed through construction, but it is of course possible to measure other construction materials such as steel frames and light-gauge steel frames. [Explanation of symbols]

[0078] 1,1´ Measuring System 2 Scanner device (measuring device) 2´ Surveying equipment (measuring device, distance measuring part) 21 Fresnel scanner (distance measurement unit) 260 Deflection section 270 Ranging light 280 Reflected ranging light 22 Display section 23 Processing unit 24 Camera 25 Communications Department 3. Target 36 Reference point

Claims

1. a scanner device having a distance measuring unit that measures the distance and angle to a measurement point without a prism, performing non-prism distance measurement by measuring the time it takes for distance measuring light to travel to and from the measurement point, and having a deflection unit that deflects the emission direction of the distance measuring light with respect to a reference optical axis; A line scan is performed along a three-dimensional measurement line that connects the three-dimensional coordinates of two or more designated points that are designated in a three-dimensional space of the measurement object with a straight line, and the line scan is performed by continuously measuring without a prism only on the straight line connecting the two designated points from one designated point to the other designated point; A measurement system characterized by calculating measurement results of the component spacing and / or component thickness of the measurement target from the three-dimensional coordinates of measurement points measured near the three-dimensional measurement line, and displaying the results on a display unit.

2. The measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that the measurement system extracts only measurement points within a predetermined distance range from the three-dimensional measurement line in three-dimensional space, and calculates the measurement results as measurement points measured near the three-dimensional measurement line.

3. The measurement system according to claim 1 , wherein the measurement system repeatedly continues to measure the three-dimensional measurement line, and constantly updates and displays the measurement result.

4. The measurement system according to claim 1 , wherein the measurement system sets a plurality of the three-dimensional measurement lines and measures each of the three-dimensional measurement lines in sequence.

5. The measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that the measurement system specifies three or more specified points, calculates a cross section in a three-dimensional space consisting of the specified points as a measurement area, and performs line scanning in a single stroke within the measurement area using the non-prism measurement.

6. The measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that the measurement system measures a provisionally designated point that becomes the designated point when extended a known distance along an arbitrary three-dimensional straight line direction, and the coordinates of the provisionally designated point are corrected by the direction cosine of the extended straight line direction and the known distance, and the three-dimensional coordinates of the designated point are obtained by correcting the coordinates of the provisionally designated point by the direction cosine of the extended straight line direction and the known distance.

7. The measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that the measurement system measures a provisionally designated point that differs from the designated point only in a height direction, and the coordinates of the designated point obtained by changing the heights of all or at least one of the provisionally designated points to match the designated point are set as the three-dimensional coordinates of the designated point.

8. 2. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein the measurement intervals of the scanner device are set so as to be equal intervals in real space on the three-dimensional measurement line.

9. 2. The measurement system according to claim 1, wherein the measurement system displays an alarm when the measurement result is abnormal with respect to a design value.

10. The measurement system according to claim 1 , wherein the specified point is specified by a target capable of being observed with an offset relative to the specified point.

11. A scanner device having a distance measuring unit that measures the distance and angle to a measurement point without a prism, performing non-prism distance measurement by measuring the time it takes for distance measuring light to travel to and from the measurement point, and having a deflection unit that deflects the emission direction of the distance measuring light with respect to a reference optical axis, A step of designating two or more designated points in a three-dimensional space on a measurement target; measuring three-dimensional coordinates of each of the designated points; a step of calculating a three-dimensional measurement line by connecting the three-dimensional coordinates of the designated points with a straight line, and performing a line scan along the three-dimensional measurement line to continuously measure a plurality of measurement points from one designated point to the other designated point without using a prism only on the straight line connecting the two designated points; extracting only the measurement points near the three-dimensional measurement line; A step of calculating a measurement result of the component interval and / or component thickness of the measurement target from the three-dimensional coordinates of the extracted measurement points; displaying the measurement result on a display unit; A measuring method comprising the steps of:

12. A measurement program characterized in that the measurement method described in claim 11 is written in a computer program and made executable.

Images